Ex-post evaluation of 2010 European Capitals of Culture · 2017-02-01 · Ex-Post Evaluation of 2010 European Capitals of Culture Annexes to the Final Report for the European Commission

Ex-Post Evaluation of 2010 European Capitals of

Culture

Annexes to the Final Report for the European Commission DG Education

and Culture

August 2011

Contents PAGE

Annex One: Terms of Reference .......................................................... 1

Annex Two: Topic Guide for interviews with co-ordinators............. 20

Annex Three: Topic guide for other partners .................................... 24

Annex Four: List of interviewees ....................................................... 27

Annex Five: Table of effects of the European Capitals of

Culture ................................................................................... 32

Annex Six: Bibliography and data sources ....................................... 49

A1

Annex One: Terms of Reference

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A14

A15

A16

A17

A18

A19

A20

Annex Two: Topic Guide for interviews with co-ordinators

A21

Annex Two: Topic guide for interviews with co-

ordinators

Questions

Objectives What was their overall motivation? (motivation of the partner organisation and of the city as a whole)

What was the process of determining objectives?

(How far) did they adopt each of the objectives listed in the intervention logic?

In particular, how was the European dimension taken into account? To what extent was the European dimension a bolt- on or integral? What was the relative importance of each objective?

To what extent did objectives change in the 4 years between the application and the start of the title year? What were the most important changes?

Application and planning/ development phases

How did the City apply to its Member States for the nomination? How effective was the selection process at Member State level? In what ways did the ECOC take into account the recommendations of the EU selection panel? In what ways have the mechanisms applied by the Commission for selecting the European Capital of Culture and the subsequent implementation and monitoring mechanisms influenced the results of the action? What were the main milestones in the planning/development phase? What difficulties were encountered during the planning/development phase and how were these overcome?

Inputs What was the process of securing the necessary financial resources? What were the inputs in terms of EU, other public and private funding? How effective were attempts to raise funds through sponsorship? How helpful (or not) was the ECOC brand in this? What was the balance of expenditure on infrastructure, events, management, communications, etc.? (NB We need the split between revenue and capital spend) To what extent did the actual financial inputs reflect those

A22

Questions

promised in the application? To what extent were the financial inputs sufficient to achieve the desired outputs, results and impacts?

Activities What was the process of agreeing artistic themes and designing the programme? What were the artistic themes? What activities did they undertake? How did the European dimension feature in the themes and the activities? Again, how integral was it - or was it a bolt-on? How were activities selected, implemented and monitored? How/how effectively was the cultural programme publicised (through a communications strategy)? What difficulties were encountered and how were they overcome? To what extent did the themes and activities change between the application date and the title year? (Which were achieved most/least?)

Outputs How did the delivery mechanism contribute to the achievement of outputs? What outputs did they produce from the set in the intervention logic? (special focus on the European dimension) Any other significant outputs (not in the intervention logic)? To what extent did the ECOC achieve the outputs hoped for by the city (and as set out in the application)? (Which were achieved most/least?)

Results How did the delivery mechanism improve management of culture in the city during the title year? What is the evidence that the results listed in the intervention logic were achieved? (special focus on the European dimension) Any other significant results (not in the intervention logic)? To what extent did the ECOC achieve the results hoped for by the city (and as set out in the application)? (Which were achieved most/least?)

Impacts What is the evidence that the impacts listed in the intervention logic were or will be achieved? (special focus on the European dimension) Any other significant impacts (not in the intervention logic)? To what extent did the ECOC achieve the impacts hoped for by the city (and as set out in the application)? (Which

A23

Questions

were achieved most/least?) What elements of the delivery structure (will) continue to operate? How will the city continue to manage its long-term cultural development following the title year? What has been the contribution of the ECOC to improved management of cultural development in the city? (in the long-term) Has there been a long term impact on levels of funding for culture in the city? Are bids to other EU sources in train or planned?

A24

Annex Three: Topic guide for other partners

A25

Topic guide for interviews with ECOC

stakeholders

Questions

Background Explore background of interviewee and his/her organisation

Explore role of interviewee and his/her organisation in the ECOC

Explore views of interviewee on the background context of the city (e.g. state of cultural sector, socio-economic context, etc.)

Objectives What was their overall motivation for participating in the ECOC? (motivation of the partner organisation and their view of the motivation of the city as a whole)

What were the key success factors and failure elements related to the process of consultation / partnership building to define aims and objectives?

How relevant were the objectives chosen to the needs/potential of the city and the interests of the partner organisation?

In their view, how/how far was the European dimension taken into account? To what extent was the European dimension a bolt-on or integral to the ECOC?

Application and planning/development phases

What difficulties were encountered during the application and planning/development phases and how were these overcome? If there was a new delivery agency / mechanism put in place to develop and deliver the ECOC, what were the key success factors and failure elements related to it?

Inputs What were the key success factors and failure elements related to the process of raising the necessary financial resources (EU, public, private, sponsorship etc)? How helpful (or not) was the ECOC brand in attracting funding and sponsorship? In their view, to what extent were the financial inputs sufficient to achieve the desired outputs, results and impacts?

Activities What were the key success factors and failure elements related to the process of agreeing artistic themes and designing the programme? What were the key success factors and failure elements related to the process of selecting, implementing and monitoring activities, events and projects? In their view, how/how far did the European dimension feature in the themes and the activities? Again, to what extent was the European dimension a bolt-on or integral to the cultural programme? Explore key success factors and failure elements related to specific activities involving the interviewee's organisation What were the key success factors and failure elements related to the

A26

Questions

communication and publicity of the cultural programme?

Outputs How did the delivery mechanism contribute the achievement of outputs? Explore key success factors and failure elements related to specific outputs involving the interviewee's organisation To what extent did the ECOC achieve the outputs they hoped for?

Results In what ways did the delivery mechanism improve management of culture in the city during the title year? Explore interviewee's views relating to achievement of results i) involving the interviewee's organisation; ii) results in general To what extent did the ECOC achieve the results they hoped?

Impacts In what ways has the ECOC improved the management of cultural development in the city? (in the long-term) Explore interviewee's views relating to achievement of impacts i) involving the interviewee's organisation; ii) impacts in general To what extent did the ECOC achieve the impacts they hoped for?

A27

Annex Four: List of interviewees

A28

Annex Four: List of interviewees

Key: F = Face-to-face; T = Telephone

Table A.1.1: Interviews undertaken in Essen for the Ruhr

Name Type of interview

Organisation & Position

Governance and management bodies

Clemens Baier F Press Editor, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Andreas Bomheuer F Head of Culture Department, Essen City Council

Hanns-Dietrich Schmidt F Director of International Relations Dept., Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Jürgen Fischer F Programme Coordinator, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Dieter Gorny F Artistic Director for City of Creativity, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Ria Jansenberger F Project Manager for TWINS 2010, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Heinz-Dieter Klink F Regional Director, Ruhr Regional Association

Reinhard Krämer F Head of Division, Ministry for Families, Children, Youth, Culture and Sport (Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia)

Katharina Langsch F Marketing Director, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Friederike Laurenz F Sponsoring, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Renate Lorsong F Volunteer Management, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Brigitte Norwidat-Altmann

F Sponsoring, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Karl-Heinz Petzinka F Artistic Director for City of Possibilities, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Marietta Piekenbrock F Project development and management - City of Arts, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Fritz Pleitgen F Chairman, Ruhr2010 GmbH

Dr. Oliver Scheytt F Managing Director, Ruhr2010 GmbH

Ronald Seeliger F Commercial Director, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Asli Sevindim F Artistic Director for City of Cultures, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Susanne Skipiol F International Relations Dept., Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Christian Thoben F Volunteer Management, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

A29

Name Type of interview

Organisation & Position

Helen Weisenbach F Online Editor, Ruhr 2010 GmbH

Cultural operators

Ulrich Borsdorf F Director, Ruhr Museum

Fabian Lazarzik T Head of Culture and Arts Department, Zollverein Foundation

Peter Reichenbach F Artist and Project Manager for Seven European Gardens Project

A30

Table A.1.2: Interviews undertaken in Pécs

Name Type of interview Organisation & Position


László Cseri F Head of Communication Unit, Pécs2010 Management Centre

Antonio DeBlasio

F Chief Advisor of the Mayor of Pécs

Judit Geresdi F Project Assistant for Pécs2010 European Capital of Culture, University of Pécs

Janos Giran F Head of Mayor’s Cabinet Department, Municipality of Pécs

Jozsef Kardos

F Pécs 2010 Executive Director, Hungarofest Non-profit Ltd.

Eva Knyihar F Volunteer Programme Coordinator, Pécs2010 Management Centre

Peter Merza F Managing Director, City Development Ltd.

Ljiljana Pancirov

T Consul General, General Consulate of Croatia in Pecs

Veronika Pataki

T Program Coordinator, Baranya County Public Administration Office – Labour Centre

Attila Pavlovics

F Chief Advisor for Culture, Municipality of Pécs

Gyongyi Pozsgai

F Head of the International Relations, University of Pécs

Csaba Ruzsa F X 2 Managing Director, Pécs2010 Management Centre

Erika Saltarelli

F Project Manager, National Development Agency

Richard Staub

F Project Manager, South-Danubian Regional Development Agency

Tamas Szalay

F X 2, T Cultural Director, Pécs2010 Management Centre

Gábor Sztanics

F City Development Ltd.

Cultural operators

Anita Bozoky F Managing Director, Zsolnay Cultural Quarter and Kodaly Conference and Concert Hall

Andars Horvath

F Architect, President of South Transdanubian Chamber of Architecs

Zsofia Tasnadi

T Organiser/Animator, Ures Ter Egyesulet (‘Empty Space’ Association)

Annamaria Tatrai

F Owner, Parti Gallery

A31

Table A.1.3: Interviews undertaken in Istanbul

Name Type of interview Organisation & Position


Asu Aksoy F Bilgi University & Istanbul 2010, Member of Istanbul 2010/ Urban Applications Advisory Board

Suay Aksoy F Istanbul 2010, Cultural Heritage and Museums Directorate

Erkan Altıok F Istanbul 2010, Deputy General Secretary (Project Management) since 2008 May

Şekip Avgadiç F Istanbul 2010, Deputy Chairman of Istanbul 2010 / Executive Board Member of Istanbul Chamber of Commerce

Sare Aydın F Istanbul 2010, Consultant in the Agency since April 2008 / Programme Manager of the Civil Society Dialogue Programme

Ahmet Emre Bilgili F Directorate of Culture, City of Istanbul, Director of Culture of City of Istanbul / Member of Executive Committee of Istanbul 2010

Mehmet Gürkan F Istanbul 2010, Deputy Secretary General

Osman İnce F Istanbul 2010, Deputy Secretary General (Budget) since 2009 May

Yusuf Kaplan F Istanbul 2010, Film Documentary and Animation Director

Hüsamettin Kavi F Istanbul 2010, Chairman of the Advisory Board Council Member of Istanbul Chamber of Industry

Ahmet Akif Koçyiğit F Istanbul 2010, Deputy General Secretary (Major Events) since December 2009

Nilgun Mirze F Istanbul 2010, Director of International Relations

Beyhan Murphy F Istanbul 2010, Director of Performing Arts

Bensiyon Pinto F Istanbul 2010, Member of Advisory Board (His first meeting in the advisory board was dated 27.01.2008) Honorary President of the Turkish-Jewish Community

Şafak Tüzer F Istanbul 2010, Advertising & Marketing Directorate

Laki Vingas F Istanbul 2010, ECOC 2010 Advisory Board (also Head of Greek Community in Istanbul)

Yeşim Yalman F Istanbul 2010, Manager of Volunteering

Cultural and media operators

Fatma Çelenk F SOYAK Holding, Corporate Communications Coordinator

Nuri Çolakoğlu

F Vice President of Dogan Media Group, also Istanbul 2010, Chairman of the Executive Committee (resigned 2009)

Şule Yücebıyık F Borusan Holding, Corporate Communications Director

A32

Annex Five: Table of effects of the European Capitals of Culture

A33

Annex Five: Table of effects of the European Capitals of Culture

Outputs, results and impacts of the Essen for the Ruhr ECOC (EQ33, EQ34, EQ38, EQ39, EQ40, EQ41)

The table below presents the generic expected/intended effects of the ECOC Action (see the conceptual framework in Table 2.2 of the report). In bold

italics we highlight the actual outcomes of Essen for the Ruhr, for which evidence is available.

OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES

OUTPUTS RESULTS IMPACTS

Support the development of local artists and cultural organisations

Invest in cultural education and facilities

Individuals/organisations receiving support.

Majority of activities involving local cultural actors*

Many promoters supported in development of project ideas, by delivery agency and each other*

Larger/stronger/more skilled sector

Cultural operators gained experience during title year. #

Thematic focus on cultural education, especially for schools (via “JeKi” project - An Instrument for Every Child) #

International/national profile and importance of city's cultural sector

Ruhr regional ready had strong (though fragmented) cultural offer, focus was on bringing together and promoting domestically and overseas

Increased collaboration between local cultural actors and with national/international partners #

Commission new artworks and encourage new forms of cultural expression

Encourage the avant-garde and independent scene

New artworks

220 artists exhibited works at 13 sites (within the project “Powerful Places for the Arts”)*

20 new works of art installed along Ruhr Art Trail*

New forms of cultural expression

New products and collaborations were main focus of ECOC programme, creation of new horizontal and vertical connections was one of three selection criteria*

Exhibitions in unconventional public spaces and dealing with

Ongoing process/trend for stimulating new artworks / forms of cultural expression

Recognised & ongoing contribution to artistic innovation

A34



experimental themes e.g. light art*

Organise cultural events, activities and projects

Cultural events, activities and projects

5,500 events under ECOC projects, many more taking place across region in 2010*

350 theatre and dance events, 240

musical events*

Individuals accessing events, activities and projects

Estimated 10.5 million visitors*

61% of survey respondents attended an ECOC event, 57% two or more*

Positive effects on participants

91% of survey respondents agreed that ECOC was good or very good*

More cultural activity taking place on on-going basis / Step change in vibrancy of cultural scene

RuhrArtMuseums

Emscher Art

Ruhrlights: Twilight Zone

Biennale for International Light Art

Culture Canal

Powerful Places for the Arts

Walking on Water

TWINS-projects

A Night of Youth Culture

!SING – DAY OF SONG

Implement activities with a specific European theme (diversity and commonalities)

Create models for Europe

Events with European themes

Ability to provide a ‘Model for Europe’ was one of three selection criteria, focus on European issues such as migration, identities and multilingualism and global issues such as aging society, renewable energy*

Effects on participants – more aware of European diversity and common cultural heritage

At least 9 historical culture projects

with 424,000 visitors. At least 9

literature projects with over 1,000

literary events and 67,000 visitors*

More cultural activities taking place with a European theme

More European outlook of city residents

ECCE European Centre for Creative Economy founded*

Facilitate international exchanges and create international networking structures

Use the characteristics and commonalities of national and cultural

Individuals and organisations on exchanges

‘Moving Europe’ cluster of activities dealing with international (e.g. TWINS) and intercultural (e.g. MELEZ) exchange. Many cultural collaborations and exchanges of

Effects on participants – more likely to participate in exchanges in future

Sustainable platform for international cooperation established

Ongoing collaborations with cultural operators in other countries #

50% of TWINS project promoters

A35



groups creativity*

Transnational activities

TWINS generated 100 multilateral art and cultural projects. 257 cities in 39 countries across 4 continents, 1,700 regional and international partners, 20,000 artistic participants, 330,000 visitors*

37 contacts with other ECOCs and 29 contacts with candidate cities*

have declared a desire to continue European collaboration after 2010*

Exploring extending approach to heritage tourism #

Improve access to culture

Involve all citizens in cultural development

Use the characteristics and commonalities of national and cultural groups

Events, activities and projects to widen participation and improve access to culture

High profile participation events such Still-life A40/B1, Shaft Signs, !SING – DAY OF SONG*

Local Heroes Week events across all 53 towns and cities, 1,578 individual events attended by 850,000 visitors*

Individuals from target groups accessing activities, events and projects

Explicit aim to involve more young people and those from migrant groups*

New approaches to participation

600 performances under !SING – DAY OF SONG*

Volunteering activities

1,165 volunteers (from 2,320


96% of survey respondents agreed that there were many events to get involved in*

More people from target groups accessing culture

Activities designed specifically to bring groups together such as exhibitions dealing with youth, multiculturalism, ethnic arts and music and interreligious programmes*

Step change in cultural participation

53% of survey respondents stated they had attended more or many more events than usual*

Exploring ways to make volunteering system permanently available #

A36



applicants) with 25,200 assignments and 175,000 working hours supporting 9,600 events*

Improve the capacity for governance in the culture sector

Develop the creative economy

Invest in cultural education and facilities

Effective delivery mechanisms

Dedicated delivery agency, strong programme and financial management

Creation of horizontal and vertical connections was one of three selection criteria*

Greater engagement with the cultural sector

Greater linkages between cultural sector, governance and civil society*

Sustainable platform for cultural activities established

Existence of plans for sustainability and legacy effects was one of three selection criteria*

In the process of transferring RUHR.2010 functions to other institutions*

Promote the city as a cultural destination nationally and internationally (especially in the EU)

Distribute the image of a dynamic cultural metropolis world-wide

Marketing campaigns to promote the city and its cultural programme to visitors and tourists (including those specifically stressing the European dimension) and activities to improve the visitor experience

Multi-channel media and marketing campaign, collaborations with public agencies and private partners

89% of survey respondents aware of ECOC programme

Creation of five visitor centres across region and upgrade of five railway stations in the Ruhr Area *

Increase in visitors and tourism (from within country, EU and outside EU)

6.5m overnight stays generating €90m additional gross revenue

18.5% increase in overseas visitors in 2010 (UK, Netherlands, Belgium and Poland and further afield including USA and China)*

City recognised internationally (and especially in the EU) as a cultural destination

Development of culture-tourism offer around industrial heritage #

Improve image of the city

Drive the transformation from a conurbation to a polycentric metropolis

Information/promotion activities focussed on improving image (including branding)

65,000 media reports, German

national media generated € 90m

Residents' perceptions and media coverage more positive

Media coverage overwhelmingly positive*

Improved civic pride and image (internally and externally)

86% of survey respondents agreed that image had improved*

82% of survey respondents agreed

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equivalent advertising value

Special supplements in Welt am

Sonntag, Die Zeit and Frankfurter

Allgemeine Zeitung

2,510 print and online articles in 40

countries

225 hours of TV reports on Still-Life

A40/B1

30,200 fans on facebook, 11,500

subscribers to email newsletter,

4,100 followers on Twitter, iphone

app downloaded 14,000 times

1.5 million merchandising items

sold *

that ECOC led to new self-confidence*

Undertake capital improvements to cultural infrastructure

Permanently secure the industrial heritage for art and culture

New and refurbished facilities

Modernisation and extension of Museum Folkwang, Essen

Opening of Ruhr Museum, Essen

Extending the Küppersmühle Museum, Duisburg

New building for Federal Archive of North Rhine-Westphalia in Duisburg inner harbour

New mosque and Islamic centre in Duisburg Marxloh

Creation of house of Jewish culture at Old Synagogue, Essen

New Emil Schumacher Museum and extension to Karl Ernst Osthaus

Increased physical capacity for cultural events

Increased capacity from physical projects*

Improved cultural and tourist offering

Development of culture-tourism offer around industrial heritage #

Ongoing partnership working with Ruhr Tourism GmbH*

A38



Museum in Hagen

Conversion of Dortmunder Union brewery into Dortmund U creative quarter and exhibition space

Angerpark Landmark

Rehberger Bridge*

Provide training and business support in the cultural field

Develop the creative economy

Individuals and businesses trained, supported

Focus on promoting creative economy, sharing knowledge, networking and provision of sustainable structures

Support for scientific research about ECoC, e.g. bachelor or master thesis, cooperation with the Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities*

Stronger businesses, higher skills levels

Greater economic success of cultural sector

Foundation of the European Centre for Creative Economy (ecce), Dortmund

Sources: * Ruhr.2010 GmbH; # Interviewees of stakeholders

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Outputs, results and impacts of Pécs ECOC (EQ33, EQ34, EQ38, EQ39, EQ40, EQ41)


italics we highlight the actual outcomes of Pécs, for which evidence is available.




Individuals/organisations receiving support

394 organisations received funding for their projects. Individual artists have not been funded due to restrictions in financial regulations *


Stakeholders reported that ECoC provided the opportunity for some of the cultural operators to implement larger scale projects and develop new activities. However, the cultural programme also supported projects that already have been part of the cultural life of Pécs #


Stakeholders identified that ECoC facilitated the cooperation among the cultural operators in the neighbouring countries through establishment of a new international cultural region the "Southern Cultural Zone”. #

At the end of 2010 national opinion polls showed that 56% of respondents considered Pécs as the second most important city from cultural point of view in the country after Budapest. This was a significant growth compared to previous year’s 35%.*


New artworks / new forms of cultural expression

The ECoC supported few projects that commissioned new art works. For example, the ‘Architecture and Context’ project initiated an international arts prize named after Victor Vasarely in co-operation with the Vasarely Foundation in Aix-en-Provence (France). It is expected that the prize-winning design will be implemented in and presented to the city in due course. *


Stakeholders identified that it is expected that development of new infrastructural facilities will stimulate new artworks and forms of cultural expression. However, there are very limited funding opportunities available. #


A40





650 projects *

4,675 events *


Around 900,000 visitors to cultural events up till November 2011. *

The best-attended events included the following:

• Opening ceremony - between 18,000

and 20,000 people*

• Hungarians in the Bauhaus – 16,350

visitors in 3 months*

• Mihály Munkácsy’s Christ Trilogy -

70,000 visitors in 6 months*

• The Golden Age of the Zsolnay

Exhibition (from the collection of

László Gyugyi) - 12,600 visitors in 4

months*

• Europe of the Eight – 9,600 in 2.5

months*


Stakeholders identified that cultural events attracted high participation from citizens of Pécs and other cities in Hungary. However, some doubts have been expressed to what extent it is likely to be sustained. #

At the end of 2010 national opinion polls showed that general opinion of respondents regarding ECoC programme was 68% more positive when compared to the results of opinion polls 2-3 years earlier, and 43.5% higher then at the beginning 2010. *


Some events are likely to continue if the funding will be available. For example, Pécs International Dance Festival is likely to be organised at a smaller scale in 2011. *



Events organised in cooperation with other cities hosting ECoC title in 2011 and neighbouring countries included European themes. Some examples of the projects are the following:

• Hungarians in the Bauhaus

Exhibition*

• Europe of The Eight exhibition –


More cultural activities taking place with a European theme / More European outlook of city residents

A41



under the spell of Matisse and

Cézanne*

• Pécs-Fünfkirchen-Pecuh exhibition –

A multinational city; in cooperation

with the museums of Berlin, Ulm,

Potsdam and Pécs*

• Pan-Balkan Art Picnic*




270 projects involved artists from other countries*

50 projects have been implemented in cooperation with other cities hosting ECoC title in 2010 namely Essen and Istanbul*


Some of the partners and cultural operators are likely to take part in international exchanges i.e. University of Pécs. However, for smaller cultural operators it is likely to depend on the opportunities for further funding. #


The cooperation with the neighbouring countries will be taken further in the framework of a European Grouping of Territorial Co-operation (EGTC).*

University Network of the European Capitals of Culture (UNeECC) is established and facilitates the cooperation among the universities of the cities hosting ECoC title.*

Improve access to culture

Events, activities and projects to widen participation and improve access to culture

Targeting disadvantaged communities was one of the selection criteria in the calls for proposals*

About 12 projects specifically targeted disadvantaged communities.*

Some of the events targeting disadvantaged communities are: Art Para Festival and Para Gala, Arts in Difference conference, CanDoCo, The Art of Giving – HumanitART*


Stakeholders identified that more people are likely to continue volunteering when compared to the previous years. #


Interviews identified that most of the events funded by ECoC were free of charge and attracted wide groups of visitors. #


A42




20 primary and secondary schools implemented projects supported by ECoC. Some examples:*

• Journey to the Heart of the Region*

• Three Wishes*

• EU Parliament – simulating the work

of the EU Parliament by secondary

school students*

• European Rhythm for Children*


The project initiated by Parti Gallery stimulated wide participation of local communities including deprived areas to acknowledge the contributions of individuals that were important for the local communities and city of Pécs.8

Volunteering activities

780 volunteers registered in the database*

Volunteers worked 17,190 hours in 2010*



Dedicated delivery agency established*



Promote the city as a cultural destination nationally and

Marketing campaigns to promote the city and its cultural programme to visitors and tourists (including those specifically


124,050 people visited Pécs in 2010


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internationally (especially in the EU)

stressing the European dimension) and activities to improve the visitor experience

7,939 national and 1,642 international media articles were registered between January and November 2010*

20 thematic programmes and trips for journalists and representatives of the media related to significant cultural projects and events*

Around 70,000 people registered via the internet for the Pécs2010 newsletter*

21.6% of budget allocated to communication and marketing8

representing a 27.5% increase compared to 2009*

72% of visitors came from Hungary*

Most foreign visitors came from Germany, Austria, Italy and Romania.*

Pécs 2010 was mentioned most often in German (38%), English (18%) and Turkish (11%) language media*

Improve image of the city Information/promotion activities focussed on improving image (including branding)

Pécs2010 branding*

Some 70 stands were set up in Budapest and other Hungarian cities where informed and trained hostesses made over 400,000 personal contacts*

Marketing of Zsolnay Cultural Quarter as distinctive feature of ECoC*


National opinion poll taken at the end of 2010 showed that 83% of people asked had heard about Pécs holding the ECoC title.*




Implementation of 5 major infrastructure development projects:

• South-Transdanubian Regional

Library and Knowledge Centre*

• Revival of Public Spaces and Parks*


New venues provide increased capacity for hosting higher quality cultural events such as exhibitions, concerts etc.*

New facilities for cultural operators


A44



• Kodály Concert and Conference

Centre*

• Reconstruction of Museum Street*

• Reconstruction of the Zsolnay

Cultural Quarter*

and University of Pécs are expected to have positive effect on the quality of artistic outputs.*



150 beneficiaries of "New Jobs for Success" project who had the opportunity to enter employment*



Sources: * Pécs 2010 Management Centre; # Interviewees of stakeholders

A45

Outputs, results and impacts of Istanbul ECOC (EQ33, EQ34, EQ38, EQ39, EQ40, EQ41)


italics we highlight the actual outcomes of Istanbul, for which evidence is available.




Individuals/organisations receiving support

Broad range of local artists and cultural organisations involved in projects*

Support for local emerging film-makers and artists*


Stakeholders report increased experience, skills and contacts for operators involved in 2010#


Stakeholders report increased profile, particularly for certain operators, events or sites #


New artworks / new forms of cultural expression

New commissions, including feature films ("Secrets of Istanbul", "Love in Istanbul", "Istanbul from Day to Night")*

World premieres, e.g. Pärt's "Adam's Lament"*


Stimulation of further new works and commissions will depend on initiative of individual bodies or figures, e.g. Artistic Directors, will develop further artistic ventures based on experience of 2010#


Stakeholders report that the ECoC has added impetus to the growth of Istanbul's modern and contemporary cultural sector #



586 projects, 1600 concerts, 1100 theatre performances, 1200 conferences or seminars, 700 workshops, 750 exhibitions, 300 publications, 350 literary readings, 50 festivals, 500 film screenings*


Aggregate audiences of 12m people*

70% of participants report satisfaction with the ECoC

@


70% of residents report more cultural activity in title year

@

70% of residents believe ECoC will create long-term impacts

@

Stakeholders report a contribution to cultural vibrancy, with more events and more people accessing culture

A46



than would have occurred otherwise #



Events featuring performers of international renown*

International cultural festivals and events, e.g. International Ballet Competition, International Poetry Festival, European Writers Parliament*


"Istanbul 2010 course" at Istanbul's universities, making young people more aware of cultural diversity*

More cultural activities taking place with a European theme / More European outlook of city residents

Some international events will continue #

77% of residents report an improvement in cross-cultural relations

@

60% of residents have more positive outlook on European culture

@



Residences for artists from six EU countries with links to local artists*

36 municipalities involved in transnational partnership projects with cities in other countries*


Suite of "International Relations" projects*

Collaborations with Essen for the Ruhr 2010 and Pécs 2010*

"Civil Society Dialogue Istanbul 2010" programme supported 11 multilateral partnerships between NGOs in Istanbul and in EU Member States in the area of culture and arts*


29% of participants met people from other countries

@

Several municipalities involved in transnational partnerships for the first time #


Some international co-operations will continue, e.g. Dance Platform #

Improve access to culture Events, activities and projects to widen participation and improve access to


Municipalities supported to increase


58% of participants will attend more

A47



culture

Co-operation with 2,500 education bodies ("2010 in Schools" project)*


950,000 residents accessing culture@

1.5m school students, young people, teachers or volunteers attending or participating in cultural events*


Projects involving people from Istanbul's poorer neighbourhoods, e.g. "My Town, My Utopia", "Sing Along"*

Volunteer programme*

their provision of interactive and contemporary approaches to culture*


6,400 individuals involved in volunteering (of which 360 involved throughout 2010)*

45% of participants were from groups not usually participating in culture

@

cultural activities after 2010 compare to previous years

@

76% of businesses believe ECoC increased interest in arts and culture

@



Establishment of new agency for duration of title year (and preparation phase): İstanbul 2010 Avrupa Kültür Başkenti Ajansı*


Stakeholders report informal networks strengthened across the city #

Stakeholders report greater understanding and co-operation between state institutions and non-state operators #


Informal co-operation between cultural bodies will continue in many cases #

Promote the city as a cultural destination nationally and internationally (especially in the EU)

Marketing campaigns to promote the city and its cultural programme to visitors and tourists (including those specifically stressing the European dimension) and activities to improve the visitor experience

International marketing campaign


11% increase in foreign visitors@


Istanbul remains on UNESCO World Heritage List ±

80% of tourists report city will attract tourists demanding high quality

A48



(€12.5m)*

Advertisements on global TV channels, e.g. Al Jazeera, CNN, Euronews*

Exhibitions at international tourist fairs*

50,000 news stories and articles*

125 press conferences*

Monthly bulletin (100,000 printed copies)*

culture@

Improve image of the city Information/promotion activities focussed on improving image (including branding)

New brand image ("Istanbul, the most inspiring city in the world")*


75% of residents aware of ECoC@

46% increase in news coverage of city's culture

@

60% of tourists aware of ECoC before visiting

@


62% of local businesses believe ECoC created more positive outlook for city

@



130 cultural sites restored, maintained or renovated*


Strategic Plan for the Sur-i Sultani conservation area (to 2023) *

Digital inventory of cultural heritage *


Istanbul remains on UNESCO World Heritage List ±



-


23% increase in number of companies in cultural and creative industries

@


67% of residents believe ECoC will create new employment opportunities in culture and the arts

@

Sources: * Istanbul 2010; # Interviewees of stakeholders; ± UNESCO; @ Ernst & Young (2011), Istanbul 2010 European Capital of Culture Impact Assessment Report.

A49

Annex Six: Bibliography and data sources

A50

Annex Six: Bibliography and data sources

EU-level literature

• Binns, L. (2005), Capitalising on culture: an evaluation of culture-led urban regeneration policy.

Articles, Paper 5, Futures Academy Dublin Institute of Technology, http://arrow.dit.ie/futuresacart/5.

• European Commission (1985), Resolution of the Ministers Responsible for Cultural Affairs

Concerning the Annual Event European City of Culture (7081/84).

• European Commission (2004), Evaluating EU Activities. A practical guide for the Commission

services, p.71.

• European Commission (2007), Employment in Europe 2007, ISSN: 1016-5444.

• European Parliament and European Council (1999), Decision No 1419/1999/EC of the European

Parliament and of the Council of 25 May 1999 establishing a Community action for the European

Capital of Culture event for the years 2005 to 2019.


Parliament and of the Council of 14 February 2000 establishing the Culture 2000 programme.


Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 2006 establishing a Community action for the

European Capital of Culture event for the years 2007 to 2019.


Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 establishing the Culture Programme (2007 to

2013).

• European Union (2006), Consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and of the Treaty

Establishing the European Community, C 321 E/1, 29.12.2006.

• Griffiths, R. (2006), City/Culture Discourses: Evidence from the Competition to Select the European

Capital of Culture 2008; European Planning Studies, Volume 14, No.4, May 2006.

• Palmer-Rae Associates (2004), European Cities and Capitals of Culture; Study Prepared for the

European Commission.

• Selection Panel for the European Capital of Culture 2009 (2005), Report on the Nominations from

Austria and Lithuania for the European Capital of Culture 2009.

• Stevenson, D. (2004) Civic gold rush: Cultural planning and the politics of the Third Way,

International Journal of Cultural Policy, 10(1), pp. 119–131.

Websites

• Europa: European Capital of Culture; http://ec.europa.eu/culture/our-programmes-and-

actions/doc413_en.htm

A51

Essen for the Ruhr data sources

Document / data source Format Author / source

!SING Day of Song. Die Dokumentation Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

3. Welle Bevölkerungsbefragung vom 29.11 – 17.12.2010 PDF

RUHR.2010 in cooperation

with Academic Data

Auf dem Weg zum größten Stadtpark der Welt. Emscher

Landschaftpark - Modell einer urbanen Kulturlandschaft

Europas

Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 Besucherbefragung

PDF

RUHR.2010 GmbH in

cooperation with Academic

Data

Bilanz (Summary of Results) of Essen for the RUHR.2010 PDF RUHR.2010 GmbH

Creative NRW. Innovationsökologien. Vier Szenarios für

die Kultur- und Kreativwirtschaft in NRW 2020 Paper copy

Excellenz NRW - State

Government of North Rhine-

Westphalia

Das Henze-Projekt. Neue Musik für eine Metropole Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Das Kulturhauptstadt-Beauftragten-Treffen der

RUHR.2010. Funktion und Bewertung

PDF

Henning Mohr and Gregor

Betz, TU Dortmund and

Ruhr University Bochum, in

cooperation with

RUHR.2010

Das Ruhr-Atoll (project booklet in German) Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Daten und Fakten. Stadt der Kulturen (Stand 03.12.2010) Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

ECCE European centre for creative economy Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

EMSCHERKUNST.2010 Eine Insel für die Kunst. An

Island for the Arts Paper copy

Emschergenossenschaft

Essen, RUHR.2010 and

Ruhr Regional Association

Essen.City-Guide Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Essen2010 Das Programme 4. Quartal Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

European Capital of Culture 2010 “Essen for the Ruhr”.

Book one Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

European Capital of Culture 2010 “Essen for the Ruhr”.

Book two Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Freie Szene (booklet in German) Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Gesellschaftsprofil der RUHR.2010 GmbH PDF RUHR.2010 GmbH

Haben Sie mal ein Jahr Zeit? Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Jahresübersicht von RUHR.2010 Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Jede Vision braucht Menschen, die an sie glauben. Die

Entwicklung des Sponsorings Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Kreativwirtschaft stärken Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Kultur als Organisationsaufgabe. Organisation einer Paper copy E. Achauer and M.

A52


Gesellschaft zum Betrieb der Kulturhaupstadt Europas

2010

Grandmontagne

Kulturhaupstadt Europas RUHR.2010. Stadt der Künste /

Rückblick Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Kulturhauptstadt Europas RUHR.2010. Buch Drei Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Masterplan Kulturmetropole Ruhr PDF

Metropole Ruhr and Ruhr

Regional Association

Mega-Event-Macher. Organisieren von Großereignissen

am Beispiel der Kulturhauptstadt Europas RUHR.2010. Word Gregor Betz, TU Dortmund

MELEZ.2010 Festival der Kulturen Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Members of the Board of Directors PDF RUHR.2010 GmbH

Messen, Märtke und Kongresse Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Metropole gestalten Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Mit Kultur zum Erfolg. Statements der Sponsoren Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Monitoring. Brussels, 21 November 2007 Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Monitoring. Brussels, 22 April 2009 Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Musik Leben Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Mythos Ruhr Begreifen Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

NL-RUHR Programme Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

PRESSEINFORMATION - Kulturhauptstadt aus

touristischer Sicht PDF Ruhr Tourismus GmbH

Programmdokumentation RUHR.2010 Beitrag „Stadt der

Möglichkeiten“ Word

Prof. Karl-Heinz Petzinka,

RUHR.2010

Programme für Kinder und Familien Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Programme of events, European Capital of Culture RUHR

2010 Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Rahmenbedingungen und Effekte des

Kulturhauptstadtjahres RUHR.2010.

Bevölkerungsumfrage November/Dezember 2010

PDF RUHR.2010 in cooperation

with Academic Data

Report of the First Monitoring and Advisory Meeting,

December 2007 Word

Monitoring and Advisory

Panel for the European

Capital of Culture 2010

Report of the Second Monitoring and Advisory Meeting,

June 2009 Word

Monitoring and Advisory

Panel for the European

Capital of Culture 2010

Report of the Selection Meeting for the European Capitals

of Culture 2010 Word

Selection Panel for the

European Capital of Culture

2010

RUHR.2010 GmbH organisation structure Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR Topevents Paper copy RUHR.2010

A53


RUHR. Vom Mythos zur Marke. Marekting und PR für die

Kulturhauptstadt Europas RUHR.2010 Paper copy

Julia Frohne, Katharina

Langsch, Fritz Pleitgen und

Oliver Scheytt für die

RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 Barrierefrei, Reisetips ohne Barrieren und

Soziale Teilhabe Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 GmbH Finanzielle Eckdaten, Stand: 23.03.11 PDF RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 Programme Aug- Sep 2010 Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 Programme Okt - Dez 2010 Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 Save the date! Experience the European

Capital of Culture (english and german) Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 supplement in Süddeutsche Zeitung Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010 zum Mitnehmen. Erleben Sie die

Kulturhauptstadt Europas Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010. Stadt der Möglichkeiten Powerpoint

Prof. Karl-Heinz Petzinka,

RUHR.2010 GmbH

RUHR.2010-Beauftragte in der Metropole Ruhr PDF RUHR.2010 GmbH

Sprache Erfahren Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Strukturwandel durch Kultur. Städte und Regionen im

postindustriellen Wandel Paper copy

State Chancellery, North

Rhine Westphalia

Studien zur Kulturhauptstadt (14.09.2010) Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Theater Wagen Zwei Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Tour Ost/West Programme Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Transformation Through Culture – Culture Through

Transformation. “Essen for the Ruhr – European Capital

of Culture 2010” – Summary, December 2005

Paper copy City of Essen and Ruhr

Regional Association

TWINS – ein europäisches Dornröschen ist auf dem

Schlaf erwacht Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

TWINS Programme Guide Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Visitor survey questionnaire (English and German) Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Wandel durch Kultur – Kultur durch Wandel. Wir laden

Sie ein, unser Partner zu werden Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Zahlen und Fakten der RUHR.2010 Volunteers Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Zeit Reisen (supplement in „Die Zeit“ Newspaper) Paper copy RUHR.2010 GmbH

Zusammenfassung Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie

Kulturhauptstadt Europas (internes Arbeitspapier) Word RUHR.2010 GmbH

Zwanzig10, das Journal der Kulturhauptstadt Paper copy -

A54

Pécs data sources


Application 'Pécs Borderless City' Publication Pécs 2010 Application Centre, Europe Centre

Pbc.

First monitoring report, 21 November 2007 Electronic Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Second monitoring report, 22 April 2009 Electronic/Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Presentation of Pécs during second meeting

of monitoring pane, 22 Aplil 2009 Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Selection panel report, April 2006 Electronic The Monitoring and advisory Panel for the

European Capital of Culture (ECOC) 2010

First report from the monitoring panle,

December 2007 Electronic

The Monitoring and advisory Panel for the


Second report from the monitoring panel,

June 2009 Electronic

The Monitoring and advisory Panel for the


Cultural programme 'European Capital of

Culture Pécs 2010' Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Draft Programme for Pécs 2010 European

Capital of Culture Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre

List of projects implemented by University of

Pécs Printed note University of Pécs

Pécs captured by culture Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre, Hungarofest

Note from Pécs 2010 Management Centre

on co-operation with „KKOSZ“ National

Association of Cultural Centres

Printed note Pécs 2010 Management Centre


on cultural programme and its legacy Printed note Pécs 2010 Management Centre

General information about Pécs (note from

Pécs 2010 Management Centre) Printed note Pécs 2010 Management Centre

2010 - only the beginning (note from Pécs

2010 Management Centre) Printed note Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Guest flow January - July 2010 (note from

Pécs 2010 Management Centre) Printed note Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Krisztina Somogyi (2010), Space_Public Publication Krisztina Somogyi

Conference programme organised by

UNeECC and Compostela Group of

Universities in 14-15 October 2010

Publication UNeECC, University of Pécs, Compostela Group

Conference programme for Rectors

conference „Expanding Europe“, 11-13

October 2010

Publication University of Pécs

Compendium of cultural policies and trends

in Europe: Country profile for Hungary Publication Council of Europe

Publication ' Pécs 2010 European Capital of

Culture' Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Programme booklet: May-June Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre, Hungarofest

Programme booklet: July-August Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre, Hungarofest

Key events: summer/autumn Publication Pécs 2010 Management Centre, Hungarofest

Time out Pécs: the Best of Pecs 2010 Publication Time Out Hungary

A55


Slide-show from the conference organised

by the Chamber of Architects on the ECOC’s

architectural outputs and on the ‘Architecture

and Context’ project

Electronic Chamber of Architects

Publications and material prepared for

'Architecture and Context' project Publications/ElectronicChamber of Architects

Press material supported the final press

conference of the mayor of Pécs Electronic Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Visitors number on monthly basis in 2010

provided by Mr. Merza (not clear what the

data refers to)

Electronic City Development Ltd

Presentation of results of a public survey

conducted 12 Nov – 2 Dec 2010 on people

knowing about, and assessing ECOC, or

Pécs 2010, assessment about Hungarian

cities, travelling preferences, positive and

negative changes in Pécs, etc.

Electronic Pécs 2010 Management Centre

List of supported cultural events mainly in

2010

Electronic Hungarofest

List of cultural programs supported in 2010 Electronic

Hungarofest

Summary of survey on visitors of the places

belonging to Pécs World Heritage Electronic

Zsolnay Cultural Quarter and Kodaly Conference

and Concert Hall

Comparative statistics of visitors for first half

2009 and 2010 of Cella Septichora Visitors

Centre

Electronic Zsolnay Cultural Quarter and Kodaly Conference

and Concert Hall

Report on the Cultural Activities of Pécs

Sopianae Heritage Non-Profit Ltd. in 2010

Electronic Zsolnay Cultural Quarter and Kodaly Conference

and Concert Hall

Annual report for the Culture Committee of

the Municipality of Pécs 2011 Electronic Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Presentation summarizing the results of

Pécs 2010 ECOC programme Electronic Pécs 2010 Management Centre

Key press releases i.e. Major Development

Projects of the EcoC Programme, Day of

Open Churches, Opening Ceremony, Pécs

2010 in Europe, 2010 Only the Beginning


List of beneficiary organisations supported

by the ECOC related employment project

‘New jobs to succeed’

Electronic South Transdanubian Regional Labour Centre

Summary about the ECOC related

employment project ‘New jobs to succeed’ Electronic South Transdanubian Regional Labour Centre

The Balkan's Gate' by Nora Somlyody Publication Nora Somlyody


on culture programme



on infrastructure projects



on finances


Communications report Electronic Pécs 2010 Management Centre

A56

Istanbul data sources


Istanbul 2010 Application Document PDF Istanbul 2010

Report of the Selection Meeting for the

European Capitals of Culture 2010 PDF

Selection Panel for the European Capital of

Culture (ECOC) 2010, April 2006

Istanbul 2010 First Report for Monitoring

Panel PDF Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 First Report for Monitoring

Panel PDF Istanbul 2010,

Celebrating Istanbul 2010: Earth - Winter;

Tradition and Transformation PDF Istanbul 2010

Celebrating Istanbul 2010: Air - Spring; PDF Istanbul 2010

Celebrating Istanbul 2010: Water - Summer;

The City and the Sea PDF Istanbul 2010

Celebrating Istanbul 2010: Fire - Autumn;

Forging the Future PDF Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 Projects for 2010 PDF Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 Budget figures (31.01.2011) PDF Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 European Capital of Culture -

Background Word Istanbul 2010

Milestones to Istanbul 2010 Word Istanbul 2010

Law on Istanbul 2010 European Capital of

Culture, Law No. 5706, Date of Ratification: 2

November 2007

Word Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 Executive Board Word Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 Advisory Board Word Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 Co-ordination Board Word Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 General Secretariat Word Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 Work Groups Word Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 Financial Charts Word Istanbul 2010

About the Istanbul 2010 European Capital of

Culture Word Istanbul 2010

Projects - Definition Word Istanbul 2010

Directorates - Projects Word Istanbul 2010

Young People - Teachers Word Istanbul 2010

Media Analysis Report (2008-2009-2010) Excel Istanbul 2010

Istanbul_2008_Media Analysis Excel Istanbul 2010



Financed Projects Excel Istanbul 2010

A57


Activities - Number of participations Excel Istanbul 2010

Culture and Art Projects - Activities - Total Excel Istanbul 2010

Urban Projects - Activities - Total Excel Istanbul 2010

All Activities – All Directorates Excel Istanbul 2010

All Activities – All Directorates Excel Istanbul 2010

Projects in Periphery Excel Istanbul 2010

Projects supported by the Agency Excel Istanbul 2010

Istanbul 2010 European Capital of Culture

Impact Assessment Report PDF Ernst & Young

Evaluating Istanbul in the Process of

European Capital of Culture 2010 PDF

Eda Beyazıt, Yasemin Tosun, 42nd ISoCaRP

Congress 2006

Culture for Regenerating Cities: What can

Istanbul 2010 learn from the

European Capitals of Culture Glasgow 1990

and Lille 2004

PDF

Arzu Uraz, Erasmus University of Rotterdam,

Thesis for a MA Degree in Arts & Cultural

Studies, Cultural Economics & Cultural

Entrepreneurship; June 25, 2007

A58

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