~ Gx.S~L~~~~!up'"

JANUARY1967

AERIAL VIEW of the Sookerating Air Base nea r Dum Duma, India, at an altitude of 450 feet.This U.S. Air Force photo shows the 6,000-foot runway.

2 EX-CBI ROUNDUP

Letter FROM The Editor ...

Starts Sixth Term• Bucky Walter, veteranbasketball writer for theSan Francisco Examiner,was recently named presi-dent of the NorCal Writers-Broadcasters for a sixthconsecutive term. He willbe remembered by CBlersas the editor of the CBIRoundup.

RAY KIRKPATR"CK,San Francisco, Calif.

Col. Lyle Powell• Have just been inform-ed by Mrs. Jerry Powell ofSan Diego, Calif., of thedeath of her husband, Col.Lyle Powell, Medical Dept.U.S. Army, on June 1 ofcancer. Colon e I Powellserved on the Z Force staffat Kweilin, China, in 1944,until the Japs drove themout in June.

BOYD B. HILL,Colonel, Army, ret.,Formerly Z Force Staff,Long Beach, Miss.

Editor

JANUARY, 1967

SUBSCRIPTION RATEForeign: $5.00 per Year

$9.00 Two Years

Please Report Change of Address Immediately!Direct All Correspondence to

Ex-CBI RoundupLaurens, Iowa 50554P. O. Box 125

$4.00 per Year$7.50 Two Years

SECOND CLASS postage paid at Laurens. Iowa.

Vol 22, NO.1

Neil L. Maurer .. _

Ex-CBI ROUNDUP, established 1946. is a reminiscing magazinepublished monthly except AUGUST and SEPTEMBER at 117South Third Street, Laurens, Iowa, by and for former membersof U. S. Units stationed in the China-Burma-India Theater dur-ing World War II. Ex-CBI Roundup is the official publicationof the China-Burma-India Veterans Association.

• This month's cover shows Chinese laborers on aU.S. Air Force base in China digging a culvert along.side a taxi strip leading to dispersal area hard stand-ings. These culverts were necessary to drain the waterand carry it away during the rainy season. U.S. AirForce photo.

• We appreciate the many Christmas and New Year'sgreetings received from Roundup subscribers. And thesame to all of you!

• This year we were pleasantly surprised at thenumber of orders for gift subscriptions and back copiesof Roundup for Christmas giving. One of the mostunusual was the gift to a CEler from his teen. ageson and daughter of a complete set of back copiesand the binders to hold them. These two kids saveda pretty good sum of money to provide their CEl dadwith a lot of reading that will bring back memories!We congratulate them for their thoughtfulness.

• A news item from Srinagar, Kashmir, says: "Indiais promoting the Pir Panjal mountain range resort ofGulmarg, altitude 8,500 feet, for the hardier type skiers.Buses take them the first 22 miles but from there it'sfive miles more on horseback or mule, and there areno ski-lifts." Having ridden a scrawny pony into Cul-marg just two years ago, we know what the AssociatedPress is talking about in this reference to "the hardiertype skiers!"

JANUARY, 1967

WOMAN in north India posesfor serviceman's camera. Photoby Leslie F. Kipp.

3

STREET scene in Kweilin, China, in 1944. Photo by MiltonKlein.

To the Editors

SELLER of jasmine and tuberoses at central flower mart inKunming, 1945. Photo by Ben Brannon.

Found a Bride ord, "Now It Can Be Told,"• Please sen d another I want to say that the costcopy of the December 1962 of the book (to me) wasissue. Note my letter on Rupees 10, not 2. If I recallpage 4 of that issue. After correctly, we subscribed toMrs. Winger signed the re- it in late 1943 or early 1944,lease for publication, I had but I didn't receive my copyno further excuse to see until after my discharge inher, except to tell her I September of 1945. It waswanted to see her person. a very pleasant surpriseally. We are now married when it was delivered toand have a daughter nearly my home because I hadtwo years old. Roundup forgotten all about sub-may be only a "reminisc- scribing for it.ing magazine," but it is ANDREW JANKO,responsible for at least one McKeesport, Pa.marriage. My thanks, too,to Frank Scanlon of Mas- Charles Hugo Stehlingsachusetts who requested • Charles Hugo Stehling,stories on "the GI brides 44 _year. 0 I d Continentalfrom India." We both readRoundup from cover to cov-er . . . keep them coming.

CARROLL F. SMITH,Holcombe, Wis.

CEIer Smith's letter in theDecember 1962 issue toldabout the former Miss Mar-jorie Catwell of India, whocame to Wisconsin aftermarrying Russell L. Wingerin Calctltta. She remained onthe jarm in IVisconsin afterher husband lost his life ina tractor accident in 1957.Letter abol'e brings her storyup to date! -Ed.

Pictorial Record• Regarding Ray Kirkpat-rick's answer (December is-sue) to Lewis Durham's re-quest for information aboutthe Ramgarh pictorial ree-

Airlines pilot, died in Aug-ust, 1965, at Los Angeles,Calif., where he had madehis home. During WorldWar II he reached the rankof captain in the Army AirCorps, and spent consider.able time as a ferry pilotin the China-Burma- IndiaTheater. He received sever-al citations. After the warhe joined Continental andserved t hat airline fornearly 20 years. Survivorsinclude his wife, a daugh-ter, two grandchildren, hisparents and other relatives.

(From a newspaper clip-ping submitted by J. W.Bowman, Littleton, Colo.)

Emmett Stephens• Emmett (Tex) Stephens,81, who retired as an Armystaff sergeant in 1963 afteralmost 57 years with theCorps of Engineers, diedOctober 12 at the DeWittArmy Hospital, Fort Belvoir,Va., after a long illness. Anative of Knox City, Tex.,he was a carpenter at FortBelvoir from 1945 to 1963.He and his wife, Sophie,lived at Accotink, Va. Dur-ing his career he hadserved in Burma, the west.ern United S tat e sandEurope.

(From a newspaper clip-ping submitted by Chas. W.Rose, Knoxville, Md.)

4 EX-CBI ROUNDUP

________________________ To the Editors

WINNER of the 1966 Mil.waukee "Veteran of the Year"Award was Lester J. Dencker,first national commander of theChina-Burma.India Veterans As.sociation. Dencker is shown reoceiving the ward from RobertW. Schroeder.

5

did get to see some of mybuddies from our outfitduring the past few years,and we were glad to seeeach other again. Hope youkeep up the good work.

HERMAN VESTING,Tripoli, Iowa

Veteran of Year• Lester J. Dencker, Mil.waukee attorney and firstnational commander of theChina. Burma. India Veter.ans Association, was theunanimous choice of a pan.el of judges to be the reci-pient of the 1966 Milwau-kee "Veteran of the Year"Award. The presentationwas made at the annualCivic Veterans Day Banquetat the \Var Memorial Cen-ter before an assembly of450 that included congress-men; county, city and stateofficials; judges and vet-erans. Presentation of theaward was made by RobertW. Schroeder, chairman ofthe Veterans Board of Di-rectors of the MilwaukeeWar Memorial Center.

GENE BRAUER,Milwaukee, Wis.

18th Vet. Hosp."" Have been reading Ex-CBI Roundup for manyyears and still enjoy read-ing it. But I have neverseen anything about the18th Vet. Evac. Hosp. Wewere with Merrill's Mar-auders through Burma, at-tached to them. I servedunder Captain Tate mostof the time in Burma; Col.E. Young was our CO. I

vice president of the rail-road's central region atPittsburgh. A year aftergraduating from Yale, Mr.Appleton began his rail-road career in 1915 as aclerk. During World WarII, he was director of mil-itary railways in the China-India-Burma Theater. Aft-erward, as a brigadier gen-eral, he became director ofmilitary railways for AlliedHeadquarters in Europe.Among his numerous dec-orations were the Legionof Merit for services in In-dia and the Croix de Guerrefrom France. Survivors in-clude his wife, a son, twodaughters and 10 grand-children. Burial was at Ar-lington (Va.) Nat ion a ICemetery.

(From a newspaper clip-ping submitted by WalterW. Phillips, Philadelphia,Pa.)

John A. Appleton• John A. Appleton, 74, ofBryn Mawr, Pa., who re-tired 10 years ago as vicepresident of the Pennsyl-vania Railroad, died recent-ly at Temple UniversityHospital. He was formerly

JANUARY, 1967

LAUNDRY FACILITIES at Ramgarh with concrete replacingthe usual stone, but results tq buttons were just the same!Photo by Andrew Janko.

Old Friends to Meet• Just received a Christ-mas card from an oldfriend I haven't seen norheard from in over 20years, because - he read"Easy Into Burma" in yourmagazine. He is Gerald F.B au m g a rd n e r, Lt. Col.AFRes (ret.). He's living inOakland, Calif., now andin real estate business. Jer.ry and I grew up togetherfrom about six years oldright up to Pearl HarborDay. Then we both enlist-ed in the Army; both gotinto the CEl Theater. Hesays that at the time I wasin Burma he was in Kwei.lin, China, and on occasionhelped in the rice drop atMyitkyina. He says hemight have hit me with asack of rice. So your mag-azine is b r i n gin goldf r i end s back togetheragain. The CBIVA is hav-ing a convention here inCincinnati in August andI'm to meet Jerry there.

RUSSEL E. PRATHER,Kettering, Ohio

Memories of Months Spent in China

Squeeze,. Yo Yo Poles,. Jing Bao JuiceBy ROD CHALMERS

Some 20 years afterward, and I'vebeen thinking a bit about the interestingmonths I spent in China during WorldWar II. I wouldn't care to do it over,but I wouldn't have missed it!

Here are a few random thoughtsabout those memorable days:

"Squeeze" was part of Chinese life.The man who took 10 per cent was con.sidered normal, but if he took muchmore he was dishonest. This applied tothe military as well as the civilian, andthe Chinese commander usually paddedhis strength reports in order to collectenough more than he paid out to aug.ment his meager salary. In some placesthis was true all the way' up from com.pany commander to commanding gen.eral of the army.

Pay and allowance of the individualsoldier, of course, was very small. Hegot little more than his food, carried hisrice on "yo yo poles" and had extreme-ly poor equipment. Many of the soldierswere in tattered uniforms and withoutshoes.

I can remember no American groundforces except liaison teams. The Chinesewere providing "defense" for Americanairfields, and there was always confu-sion as the Japanese advanced. Some.times the Chinese "defenders" pulled outwithout notice, leaving the American airpersonnel to evacuate bases as best theycould.

The Chinese guards on American air-fields were often "trigger happy." Andthey were able to shoot straight! It waswell to know the right answer to theirchallenge, which was "Wo shih Meguaping."

Chine"e and Japanese soldiers used toplay little games. The Chinese would reotire from a certain hill and allow theJaps to capture it, thus claiming a"glorious victory." Next night the Japswould retire peacefully and give theChinese a "glorious victory." There wereeven rumors of selling arms, like thecase of a Japane"e company which reotreated after burying a sum of money. . . then the Chinese moved in, dug upthe money and buried a supply of Amer.ican weapons before retiring so the Japscould claim the equipment they had"purchased."

Thefts by guards were not unknown... there were cases where even wheelswere stolen off airplanes. The "thievesmarket" in Kunming was well stocked

6

with American provisions and equip-ment.

I never could understand the Chinesesense of humor. Near ChihkUmg I wascalled off the road by a group of laugh.ing Chinese who pointed out the bodyof a young woman, her throat cut fromear to ear. "Ding hao," they yelled, point-ing at the body.

And at Shantung, near Chungking, by.standers laughed and cried "ding hao"as they pointed out the body of a civil.ian with a bayonet running in his chestand out his back. To me it wasn't funny!

Speaking of bayonets, I recall the timea Chinese officer of the guard found asentry asleep in one of the little sentryboxes which were commonly used. Hegrabbed a rifle from another guard,pinned the sentry to the wall with abayonet through his body, and thenstrode off.

In another case an American G.I.caught a "coolie" stealing, and startedtaking him to the stationmaster, He wasstopped by a Chinese guard, who insistedon taking the prisoner. The G.I. wassure he would turn him loose, so reofused, and was in turn'shot by the guard.Investigation revealed that the supposed"coolie" was actually the commandingofficer of the guard.

Then there was the place where coolieswere hired by the stationmaster to stealgasoline. which he in tum would sellto a warlord for $30 a gallon. Any cooliecaptured was usually turned loose. Oc-casionally, however, there was enoughpressure from above that it was neces.sary to make an example. In that casethe prisoner would be hanged by histhumbs with leather thongs, his armsbehind his back, regularly beaten andtortured. Sometimes his arms would bepulled from the sockets before he wasshot.

I recall one "execution" where the pri-soner was beaten to a pulp, then exe-cuted publicly along with much fanfareand blowing of horns. An officer did thejob, shooting the prisoner in the bodyand then kicking him in the face . . .repeating the routine three times beforehe declared the prisoner dead .

Chinese pilots were sometimes unpre-dictable. At Liangshan one day, I sawtwo Chinese P.51 pilots come in for alanding at the same time-one from eachend of the runway! Fortunately theymissed one another.

Also at Liangshan, there was the daywhen 27 Chinese soldiers (Chungua ping)being hauled off to the fighting area

EX-CEI ROUNDUP

______________ Squeeze. Yo Yo Poles. Jing Baa Juice

jumped out of a C-46 on takeoff. Six orseven were killed; those who survivedwere shot for desertion.

A normal load of Chinese soldiers ina C-46. was 65, with all their equipmentbut wIthout parachutes. Sometimes thecount on arrival was less than 65. Once,for instance, an American sergeant whospoke the Chinese language joking toldthe passengers before takeoff to throwout anyone who was sick en route. Whenthe plane landed in Peking there wereonly 62 passengers aboard.

"Megua fiji boo hao." That was thestandard remark of Chinese pilots whobrought in American planes for repair.A little maintenance and proper opera-tion by the Chinese would have made alot of difference!

Some fighter bombers used a doubleshackle for bombs. In one case the Chi.nese operating these American planesput two bombs instead of one on eachside, a bomb on each shackle, makingit impossible to drop the bomb load. Tenplanes went out on a mission fullyloaded ... ten planes came back fullyloaded. All bombs were armed; fortun-ately no one was injured.

At Chungking I once saw the body ofa boy, 10 or 12 years of age, in thestreet near the American embassy. I wastold he had been killed by a Chinesejeep that morning. When I came by at8 o'clock that evening the body had notbeen moved.

Remember those comfortable hostels,built of bamboo covered with mud andwith a thatched roof over bamboo' mat-ting? The rats loved to play in the roofand sometimes peer down from th~matting. A favortie sport was to lie in abunk with a .45, shooting rats as theyshowed their beady little eyes throughthe ceiling. ~

Liquor? Ah, that was something! Mo-tor vehicles used 20-80, which was 20 percent gasoline and 80 per cent Chinesecommercial alcohol. The alcohol wasdelivered to the base in 50-gallon drums... we'd have a medic test the contentsof one to make. sure it was "pure," thenuse a bamboo fIlter with sand and char-c<;>alto take _out the rust, and put it inaIrplane bel: y tanks for transportationto the hostel. Although the Quarter-master had little American food, he al.ways had plenty of lemon powder ... alittle of this with some boiled brownrice paddy water, with the right' amountof "jeep juice" added, made the damnd-est "Tom Collins" you've ever tasted!

Coffee? Sure. we always had it. In oneplace we used three blow torches toheat it.

Characters? There were plenty of themboth native and American! I remembe;

JANUARY, 1967

"Pop," the Chinese houseboy at one ofour hostels. One could only guess at hisage . . . anywhere from 30 to 70. Oneday when I inquired about his under.standing of Americans he mentioned hehad lived at San Antonio, in San Diegoand in the Imperial Valley. He claimedhe still owned 22,000 acres of land southof El Centro, in Mexico near Mexicali.But he "lost his pants in cotton," hesaid, and still owed half a million dol-lars to another Chinese.

Then there were Gus and George Sod-erbaum, in their 50's, residents of Chung-king. Born in Shanghai, of Swedish par-entage, they had spent their entire livesin the Orient. Both were prisoners oncein Afghanistan, Gus for a period of ninemonths. Gus was in the Shanghai areawhen the war began, and was held bythe Japs for some time. He escaped withChinese Communist help, then was heldprisoner for nearly two years by the Cen-tral Government on grounds that he wasa Communist. There was no evidenceagainst him brought out at the trial yetthe Chinese continued to hold him' be-cause they didn't want to "lose face."He was finally released after his casewas forgotten.. Colo~el Mei, a Chinese intelligence of-

fIcer m the much-feared organizationheaded by General Ta\ Li, once men-tioned that it wasn't always healthy for~ suspect to be cleared in a trial. "ThenIt often becomes necessary to take careof him later in Chicago style" he ex-plained. '

Remember when the war ended andit. v,:asn't safe to land on any Americanalrfle~d? Everyone was celebrating byshootmg up any ammunition he couldlay his hands on.

Even later, when the shouting dieddown, it wasn't always safe. I went intoKunming on official business foundChi.ang's ,,!-nd Governor Lung's t~oops ina lIttle pnvate war of their own ... lob-bing mortar shells over Hostel 10 andwith Hostel 1 isolated by machine' gunsand tanks. Some fun!

I'm not much interested in going backbut I wouldn't have missed it for all th~tea in Boston ! -THE END

Roundup $300Binders

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7

Second Year of Devastating Droughts

India Moves to Modernize AgricultureBy NICK KOTZ

Des Moines Register'sWashington Bureau

WASHINGTON, D. C.-India's hopes forimproving her own agriculture havenever been brighter, yet her presentneeds for imported food aid remain cri-tical.

Many U.S. and Indian officials regardthis situation as a cruel paradox. At atime when India finally has begun thereforms needed to create a modern agri-cultural system, she has been struckdown for the second successive year bydevastating droughts.

To understand India's present foodpredicament, one must look at her cur-rent localized food crisis, at her agri-cultural history, and at efforts of thelast two years to improve production.

The present crisis is confined to thetwo northern states-Bihar and theeastern part of Uttar Pradesh. These aretwo of the poorest, most backward partsof the entire country, with 90 million ofIndia's 488 million population.

Malnutrition is a way of life in bothstates, but until this year there had beenno recent threat of mass starvation.

A severe drought in large areas of bothstates wiped out the fall rice and wheatcrops. Ironically, northern Bihar lost itsgrain because of floods.

The general drought has been so se-vere that there has not been enoughmoisture to plant well the next cropwhich is due in the spring.

Furthermore, the entire country is nowat the tail-end of its worst drought inhistory, and thus the other states haveneve~ been in a worse position to helpout.

The crucial period will be from nowuntil March, when the new crops hope-fully will come in in sufficient volumeto take care of the food needs of mostof the country.

But officials despair of meeting foodneeds in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh with-out several million tons of food aid inthe next three months,

In August, the Indian government sub-mitted a request to the U.S. for two mil-lion tons of food grains for the periodDecember-March. The request reachedthe President in October with the ap-proval of concerned U.S. officials fromthe Agriculture Department and foreignaid program.

For a variety of reasons, the Presidenthesitated on this request so long thatIndia had to start buying grain with her

8

scanty foreign currency reserves. Thesegrain purchases will permit the two food-short states to survive through January.

When the President finally does ap-prove the emergency food aid request, itwill take up to 10 weeks to get the graindelivered and distributed in India. U.S.and Indian officials agree that this couldmean mass famine in the two states inFebruary.

Prior to independence in 1946, littlewas done to improve agriculture in India.Progress was made thereafter with grainproduction jumping from 50 million tonsin 1950 to 84 million tons in 1964.

But it was not until that year that U.S.and Indian officials discovered they hadbeen concentrating their efforts on in-dustrialization, while India was headinginto a food crisis.

The 1965 droughts and the decline ofU.S. wheat reserves finally brought homethe point forcefully: India would haveto modernize her agriculture and imple-ment population control to avoid event-ual famine.

How do you modernize agriculture ina country in which li5 per cent of thepeople live on plots of less than oneacre; in which farmers know nothingabout hybrid seeds or fertilizer andhaven't money to buy them; in whichwater supplies depend on the fates, andin which the people speak 800 languages,15 of which are official ones.

India decided last year in her latestfive-year plan to place primary empha-sis on agriculture. This official decisionwas the first step in the right direction.

The Indian plan calls for concentrat-ing production on the 32 million acreswith assured water supplies, rather thantrying to modernize 320 million acresof present farmland.

The theory is to pour the essential in-gredients-hybrid seeds, fertilizer, farmcredit, technical skills, water, farm pricesupports-into these 32 million acres.

In theory, these acres can boost India'sgrain production 25 million tons a yearby the 1970s.

"There are two ways to judge howwell India has done the first year," saysan American official. "Judged by whatshe has done historically, great progresshas been made. Judged against herneeds-food for an extra 14 million peo-ple every year-she has barely startedto meet the problem."

American officials who have visitedIndia in recent weeks give a generally

EX-CBI ROUNDUP

______________ -.&TndiaMoves to Modernize Agriculture

optimistic report on the first-year effortto modernize agriculture.

They point out that:New, high. production seeds have been

planted on about three million acres withspectacular results in increased yields ofwheat and rice. Another three millionacres are now being planted.

Fertilizer imports were increased from500,000to one million tons.

Farmers' attitudes and acceptance ofmodern technology have greatly im-proved.

Farm credit has been doubled to $200million for 1966.

A birth control program has been ini-tiated and more than a million womenhave been fitted with birth-control de.vices.

Domestic fertilizer production has in.creased slightly.

Over the '-opposition of many of theCongress Party's most powerful Socialistleaders, the government has attemptedto attract foreign investment in fertilizerplants.

Private ownership was permitted, pri-vate producers were for the first timepermitted to distribute their productsprice controls were lifted and licensingrequirements for'foreign companies weregreatly simplified.

T!lE;seh~ve been politically unpopulardeCISIOnsm some qua r t e r s-amongfarmers who must pay more for fertiliz.er, from co.ops who have lost their fer-t~liz.er distribution monopoly, from So-cmhsts who oppose any capitalist ven-ture, and from many sensitive Indianswho feel that foreign investors and U.S.f<?reignaid officials are telling the In-dIan government how to run India.

There has been progress, but no floodof investors. Many investors have heldback awaiting the results of India's Feb.ruary national elections to see if thenew government will continue to presentinvestment policies.

Thus, it appears that India will haveto continue to rely in the next few yearson grain imports and fertilizer imports.Unless she receives continued foreign aidIndia won't be able to afford either th~food or the fertilizer.

President Johnson has intimated thathe expects the Indians not to rely solelyon the U.S. but also to get agriculturalhelp from Canada, France, Australiaand the Soviet Union. '

India had contacted all these countriesbefore the President balked on the emer-gency food shipments. Now, she has reo~oubl~d her efforts, with Canada promis.mg aId and the other nations still non.committal.

.Most American officials privately aredIsturbed about the President's interrup.tion of the pipeline of food aid.

JANUARY,1967

Indian officials have willingly gonealong with countless U.S. reviews of theirself-help program. But they are disturbedthat the U.S. now hesitates to pledge un-interrupted support, which is needed ifIndia is to plan her agriculture programsin an orderly manner.

In the final analysis, India today canbe viewed from two perspectives.

An observer visiting India can be over-whelmed by the staggering poverty andprimitiveness in a land of 488 millionsouls and 200 million sacred cows.

But an observer also can reflect thathe is viewing a titanic struggle to meetthe Twentieth Century by the world'slargest democracy.

And this truly democratic country-whatever its many problems-stands atpresent as a bulwark against its next.door neighbor, Communist China.

-THE END

(Since this Ilews story appeared, both Russiaand the United States have released grain ship-ments to India. It will undoubtedly be severalweeks, however. before the food arrives.)

Anyonenterested?

We have had a few mention thefact that they would like to go onanother tour of India like the onein 1964. The political (and shoot-ing) unrest seems to be over.

If interested, please contact l'X.

CBIer D. W. Keyes at VincennesTravel Service, P.O. Box 745, Vin-cennes, Indiana 47591.

Please make suggestions on whenyou think it should go. For yourinformation, the most advantageousexcursion fare is from Oct. 1st toMarch 1st.

Keyes will answer all letters .

9

Letter Home Tells the Story

A Hunting Trip In Wartime India(Editor's Note: The following is part of

a long letter written home during WorldWar II by a Roundup reader, who pre.fers to remain anonymous, telling abouta hunting trip taken with two friendswhile he was serving in India. We be-lieve it will bring back memories.)

Thursday evening upon completion ofnumerous duties including a meeting andO.D. duties, I started to pack. I got outeverything I thought I would need, in-cluding my bedding roll which is prettysmelly after six months without beingopened, clothes, mess gear, toilet articles,food, etc.; all went into the bedding roll.Since I was short of food I opened thefirst Christmas package which I had justreceived but had not intended to openuntil Christmas morning. Sure enough,it contained a can of boned chicken, afruit cake, mints, and some other thingsI didn't take. I finished packing about10:30 and then made the rounds as O.D.After that I visited a couple of kitchenshoping to obtain some contributions tomy meager stock of rations; not verysuccessful. Then as I was ready to crawlinto bed the guard called me--well, Ifinally got to bed by 2:30 a.m.

The guard called me at 5:45 whichwould give me time to inspect the guard,grab a bite to eat, load my luggage, andpick up McCray and Kay. Since no othertransport was available, we had to travelby rail as far as we could-from thereto our destination we just didn't know.(This train trip would be my first exceptfor the time we originally reached ourdestination in India).

As per schedule, we reached the stationat 7 a.m. only to discover that the trainwouldn't arrive until 8:30. We stackedour luggage in the cinders to wait outthe train. Fortunately, I had stuck "Van-ity Fair", which I am re-reading, intomy pocket, so the train rolled in beforeI realized that we had waited very long.Since we didn't have tickets or reserva-tions (no one ever buys either in thisneck of the woods) we were fearful lestwe would be unable to get a seat. Asthe train came to a halt, several of ourenlisted men who had already gottenon at an earlier stop recognized us. Onesaid that he had a seat; otherwise itwould be impossible to, at a glance, lo-cate a compartment with a vacant seatbecause when a train comes to a halteveryone sticks his head out of the win-dow on the side next to the station. I amtold one of the purposes besides rubber.necking is to give the impression the car

10

IS already packed whether it is or not.G.!.'s, Chinese and Indians all indulgein this custom when riding .on a train.

Thanks to the G.!. who called to us,we easily got aboard. This particular carwas third class so we sat on woodenbenches.

During the first hour we made prettygood time by traveling for about tenminutes then stopping for about five.But after an hour's journey we stoppedand didn't move for two whole hours!Something must have happened but noone seemed to know just what. Duringthis interval we were entertained by acouple of elephants and their maho~t.Some of the G.!.s went over and, ex-cept for several backward steps when theelephants made a sudden move or trum-peted, finally worked their way up to theelephants. One G.!. even got on and oth-ers were trying to persuade the elephantsto pick up an eight anna piece which isabout the size of a quarter; after con.siderable difficulty the elephant suc-ceeded. By that time this novelty hadworn off, the elephants moved on andother things were a1jtracting attention.Two G.!.s had built a small fire to heattheir coffee; several others went over tothe road for about 30 yards distant andtried their luck hitch. hiking; a coupleothers were experimenting with a sling-shot; several were arguing with a nativeover the price of a pineapple. Finallyafter two hours the engine gave a tootand we were off. The fellows who hadwaited along the road had gotten a ridein an army vehicle.

After several stops we reached a sta-tion. Here some of the men in the carwere joined by their buddies who hadgone ahead and obtained some Indianwhiskey. There was a terrifying disfig-ured crippled child, unless you had be~nin India long enough to get used to It,crying in a nasal tone, "baksheesh, sa-hib." There were several huge basketsfilled with live chickens-one escapedand several Indians took off after it. Onthe other side of the car they were un-loading a freight car; when the first boxwas dropped to the ground it fell apart.At this point we pulled out of the sta-tion.

Paul and Kiff started to worry abouthow we would get from the train to ourdestination, whether we were expected,etc.-I got too sleepy to even read so Islept for the next two hours; I believethat I did wake up once to eat a barof candy.

The next thing I realized, we were

EX.CBI ROUNDUP

_________________ A Hunting Trip in Wartime India

unloading our baggage. In spite of thefact that it was almost 3 and we hadbeen traveling after a fashion since 8:30we had only traveled a little over 60miles. At any rate we had gotten as faras we expected by train. Now we wereconfronted with the problem of coveringthe rest of the distance and had no pros-pects in view. So Paul took off in searchof some form of transportation; Kiff tosee if there were any way to get intouch with our prospective hosts; I wasleft to guard the baggage. It wasn't longuntil Kay returned; his journey beingunsuccessful.- After waiting for about fif-teen minutes, Kay decided to go out againand the second time he returned. Final-ly after about three quarters of an hour,Paul returned and as he approached hisdiscouragement was apparent a blockaway.

At this point we had no prospects ofmoving and no place to spend the night,but to make a long story. short, Paulwent out again and this time he per-suaded three Air Corps officers to loadthree of us with all our luggage into ajeep. I won't describe the ride, but acan of sardines had nothing on us; Icouldn't have been more uncomfortablehad I been standing on my head.

Finally after numerous inquiries, wearrived at the place we were supposedto go (at least we were told so) andsince we had already taken the fellowsout of their way, we unloaded our bag-bage at the entrance of the place. Be-sides, we didn't want to drive in with allour luggage until we found whether wewere welcome--we had no idea whatkind, if any, welcome awaited us.

Again I was left to guard the baggageand before long I had an audience ofeight children ranging from three totwelve. I had scarcely resumed "VanityFair" when Paul and Kiff returned withseveral natives. We had gotten off atthe wrong place and Collins' place wasabout a mile and a half away. It wouldbe difficult for me to describe their ex-perience discovering that we had stoppedat the wrong place but according to themthe agony, despair, and discouragementwere as great as any ever before ex-perienced. At this lovely home therewasn't a soul except the numerous In-dian servants, all of whom couldn't un-derstand English. Since Kiff and Pauland I were at the wrong home it is onlynatural that we were not expected. Atany rate an interpreter was finally foundwho told us the sad news, so we left ourbaggage in their care and started towalk to the other place. After about halfa mile thru the tea garden, a civiliancame along in a Chevrolet, picked us upand delivered us to the place we werestill skeptical of the reception. Low and

JANUARY, 1967

behold! no one was home except thechildren and servants and as far as theyknew we were not expected. Well wesat and waited until Mr. and Mrs. Col-lins returned. At this point of uncertain-ty I was beginning to lose my calmnessso I spent an anxious hour with Pauland Kiff awaiting the return of our"hosts."

At last they arrived. No, they weren'texpecting us, but with cordial hospitalitywe soon felt at home and realized thateverything would work out.

We had no more than gotten seatedwhen it was announced that the localshikari had killed a wild boar which weimmediately went out to look at, only todiscover that all he had brought was aham because the animal was so big.This same shikari, Indian word for hunt-er, was to be our guide for the next twodays.

It was decided that we had best spendthe night there and start out the nextmorning. I must say that at first I felta bit awkward being in a private home,eating with nice china and silver, soafter a good supper, a pleasant and in-formative evening, a good night's sleepand a good breakfast, we with all ourbaggage were loaded on a lorry (truck)and started a five mile drive to the pointwhere we would transfer to our boat andpick up our guide. As w~ traveled acrosscountry we saw in a field what firstlooked like deer, but on closer observa-tion turned out to be adjutant storks.Can you imagine such a mistake?-Istarted to mention the name of the ri-ver but thought the censor might seeharm in it-however, this being the dryseason the river was so low so the waterwas between 20 and 30 feet below thelevel of the bank. There were Indiancoolies to handle our luggage so all wedid was hold on to our guns as the bag-gage was loaded into the dugout. Thisone was much larger than any that Ihad ever seen before being about 40feet long, three feet deep and about threefeet wide (not bad for a solid log whichhad been hollowed out by hand!) Theboat was powered by a good sized out-board engine with a boatman thrownin to boot; he was a darn husky Indian.As I waited for the "shikari" (and ourguide) to make his appearance, we gotto looking over the gun I was holdingin my hand; the others had been loadedinto the dugout. Just as Kiff got it stucktwo damn geese flew over our heads;before we could get it into action thegeese were gone! I know the nativeswere quite disgusted and I can't saythat I blame them.

Soon we were on our way and as weraced down the river at a right briskclip, Kay, who was in the front, spotted

11

A Hunting Trip in Wartime India, _

two ducks on the beach, so we went inclose and as we passed, he fired but therocking boat threw him off-at least wewill give him the benefit of the doubtbecause we were to later learn all ofus needed the benefit of the doubt. Aswe came out into the channel, we metthree large barges which were hookedabreast coming up the riyer and exceptfor that everything was free of any signof civilization. Several times Kiff andPaul fired as we went down river, butwe didn't get anything until we hadturned up a much smaller river and be.fore we had gone far we ran up on twogeese which we bagged-I hit one andKiff the other. At least we called theseovergrown ducks "geese"-they had areddish brown body, black wing feathrrswith the front of the wings white aswell as the head. I must say they werevery pretty and \,,:e were prou!l of .ourkill. Gradually thIS slow movmg flvergot more -and more shallow and eventhough the dugout didn't draw more than18" of water the guide and boatmansometimes had to pole. We also had theshikari's brother with us; he was theonly one of the three who understood anyEnglish at all and that wasn't verydamn much.

Pretty soon we saw snipe along thewater's edge which was steadily gettingcloser to us on both sides. Several shotswere taken at the snipe but none fell.

To further complicate our navigationwe had to start weaving our way pastlogs that were being floated downstream; most of them loose but once ortwice a small raft with a tiny shack ontop with several Indians. Just as we hadalmost decided that it would not bepossible to go further, even though ourdestination was still several miles away,we came up on several elephants whichwere wading back and forth pushing freestranded logs. The elephants were bring-ing up the rear of the log procession,so we continued our way up stream. Justas I thought we couldn't possibly gofurther, we came to a point where twostreams met to make the one we werecoming up, not only did we keep on go.ing, but darned if we didn't take thesmaller of the two. Now we almost hadto push the branches from the overhang.ing trees out of our faces. Soon we passeda few huts raised about six feet from theground and on heavy posts and since ourguide was a bit uncertain, we picked upone of the natives to guide our guide.After about ten miles even polingwouldn't take us further so at the nextopen space we got out. This was about2:30 p.m. when we took off on foot to-wards the place where we were supposedto hunt which they said was two milesdistant. We passed one group of native

12

huts with nothing more exciting than alot of jabbering between our guides andthem; I was surprised to see gardens insuch a remote and primitive area. At thistime of the day I was a bit reluctant toleave our bedding and food especiallyafter we walked several miles and hadnot eaten any lunch.

At the second group of htlts an oldman hobbled out and he knew an En-glish word or two. "Sick" is the one heused most. Apparently he had wrenchedhis knee several days before; at leastthat was what Paul thought when he feltit. After we left the second village, theinterpreter told us that these people saidthey hoped we would kill the wild pigsthat were bothering them-On all thestories I read it is a tiger, but we didn'tdraw anything so spectacular!)

As we walked we seemed to be grad.ually leaving the jungle and going intomarsh land-only it was still fairly dry-where there were open spaces with achance native hut and water buffaloesgrazing; then, there were still clumps ofjungle and other clumps of a hugejungle grass which was at least thirty.five feet high.

I started glancing at my watch be.cause I knew that we would scarcelyhave time to make it back to the dugoutbefore dark and we still had to pitch ourtent which our cordial hosts had sentalong with boat, boatman, guide, etc.,and make camp. Finally we reached apoint where the ducks were supposed tobe but we didn't see but about fifteenand we couldn't get within range ofthem; I guess it was too early in theseason for the skies to be black withducks as we were told they would be.Needless to say, I was pretty tired, soI didn't miss any opportunities to sitdown and rest and neither- did Paul andKiff. At last we started back, but appal'.ently I had gotten my "second wind" forI didn't mind the race to reach the boatbefore darkness. On the way back to theboat, the guide we had recently pickedup to guide our guide asked us (throughsign language) to shoot one of the ad.jutant storks standing around. But afterone shot it was impossible to get withinrange. Hurriedly we pushed back to thepoint where we had left the boat andthough we were almost completely ex.hausted, we realized that we would haveto make camp. You can imagine our plea.sant surprise when a tent and fire greet.ed our weary eyes. The boatman we hadleft behind had made camp. He had evencut some grass and covered it with somecanvas which would be our bed for thenight.

I went in search of poles on whichwe could suspend our mosquito bars,Kiff started to pick the geese which we

EX-eBI ROUNDUP

13

----------------A Hunting Trip in Wartime India

uled to start back but Paul did so we de-cided that we had better do the same.As a matter of fact. both Kiff and Ithought that it was Saturday and con-tinued to do so until afternoon when Paulsaid we had better keep moving if weexpected to keep our two o'clock appoint-ment. Now I am getting ahe2.d of mystory of our morning's trip down thesmall river. Even though two of usthought that it was Saturday instead ofSunday as we floated downstream we?id see some unusual sights and e~per.Ienced some unusual sensations.

Before we had silently glided down-st~eam very. far, we came up on a junglechIcken WhICh looked like a Rhode Is-land Red domestic chicken. Since I wasin the front of the dugout, I shot firstbut all I had were some feathers that I!mocked. out. All of this time I was hop-mg agamst hope that we would surprisebigger game that might be along thestream's edge.

A little later we heard noise that theguide indicated was deer. So the shikari?-nd Kiff. slipped off into the jungle hop-mg to glImpse the deer, but no luck. Fur-ther downstream, we ran into some snipeand were able to bag a few. We also gota couple of doves and later as we wentup the river to the point where we start-ed from we bagged two, more geese. Thegeese that we had gotten, two of whichwe had already eaten, we learned laterin the afternoon from Mr. Collins werenot considered edible. Still they tastedpretty good to us the night before.

And so we returned to the point wherewe boarded the dugout the day before.Here we were met by the Collins whohad our baggage loaded into a lorry andsent it off to the station where we wouldtake the train, and the Collins took us onup river to the station by boat.

Honey, will you forgive me? I gavethem the fruit cake that I had gottenfrom your Christmas package. I felt sodarn grateful to them for such a plea-sant weekend that I didn't think youwould mind my using that as a tokenof gratitude to Mrs. Collins. It was sodarn nice of them to take in wanderinghunters and treat them like Visitingroyalty.

After stopping to see a grounded riversteamer, we reached the point where wetook the train. Even though we said thatwe weren't hungry when the Collins in-vited us to have tea we were almoststarved; breakfast early that morningwas the last that we had eaten. So, nosooner had we gotten on the train thanwe .laid . out our food and among otherchOIce bIts I was able to contribute a canof boned chicken that you sent me anda can of shrimp that mother had sent.We also had canned date nut bread

planned to cook for supper, and Paulchanged his shoes and started anotherfire for us to cook over. It soon becameevident that it would be difficult to geta good fire with the wood available, sowe cut off the breasts and gave the restof the carcasses to the boatman, guide,and .his brother. Before long, we werechewmg on the rather tough but deliciousmeat that Paul had cooked in a mess kit.Because we had used most of our wa-ter, we drank a couple cans of fruitjuice and then used the cans to boilwater.

Just as we were finishing supper inthe darkness, the guide's brother madeus understand that the guide wanted togo hunting with some of the natives whohad come from a nearby village. In spiteof the fatigue of an hour earlier Icouldn't resist the temptation and saidI would go~along. So back we went tothe village we had passed earlier in theday; here we picked up another nativeand off we went primarily for deer butwith the possibility of wild boar orleopard. There were only two guns-myshotgun with buckshot and one ball thatKiff had given me to use in case ofemergency, and the shotgun of theguide who also ~had buckshot. As weneared the edge of the jungle theystopped and an old rusty can with oneend gone and the other almost rustedaway was produced; inside was a smallcan of oil and a wick sticking out of it-~he \\;'ick was lit and it gave out a veryfamt lIght; the open end was pointedalong the edge of the jungle. I don'tknow why because it wasn't brightenough to reflect in the eyes of anyanimal that might be there. At any ratethis was blown out and off we went inthe foggy, mushy, moonlight night. I amafraid that I made a heck of a lot morenoise than the barefoot Indians as wewalked along the edge of the jungle. Tomake a long story short, we walked forabout two hours and arrived back atcamp without seeing a darn thing. Icrawled between my blankets and fellasleep.

I forgot to mention that as we re-turned to camp the afternoon before wewere able to purchase three eggs in asmall village. We planned to eat thesewith bacon for breakfast, but in the pro-cess of breaking them into the pan onefell in the dirt, so we only had two be-t~een the three of us. Still even a por-tion of an egg tasted good since it wasthe first that I had had in months.

After breakfast we decided to pack andgo back to the big river where wethought we might have better luck. Kiffand I didn't intend to shave until thefollowing morning when we were sched-

JANUARY, 1967

A Hunting Trip in Wartime India----------------

which was delicious. When the M.P.looked in at us as we sat there eating,he asked if we had guns or ammunition.I guess he had orders to take any be.cause there had been considerable shoot.ing out of the windows but he left usalone.

And so we returned three happy hunt-ers even though we had gotten very lit-tle game.

I must admit that today I developeda sore throat which I am afraid I mustattribute to the trip, but it was worth it.

-THE END

Kashmir Merchant Believes In Advertising

The Worst? Don't You Believe IIIBy JOE A. McGOWAN JR.

The Associated Press

SRINAGAR, Kashmlr-BounlCdng alongin a horse. drawn tonga, the visitor nortesthe signs on the tiny stalls---Abdul Aziz,the carpet seller; Samad Shah, the house-boat agent; Ramsana Dubloo, sightsee-ing and hunting trips.

Then, a cleal'il1ig and a three. storybuilding emblazoned with a sign whichmomentarily stuns the tourist. It says"Subhana the W 0 l'S t, DepartmentalStore."

It's a trap and you know it, but itworks. At the front door stand three men.Is it your imagination or are they reallyrubbing their hands with gusto? Instinc-tively you give your wallet a comfortingpat.

One member of the three-man welcom-ing committee identifies himself as M.Subhana Kachroo, five generations des-cended from the Subhana who startedthe store in 1840.

"Welcome," says Subhana. "We adver-tise ourselves as 'the worst' but beforeyou leave here today, you will agree thatwe are 'the best.'''

He kicks off his shoes and ducks un.del' a curtain across the front door, pull-ing you with him. He leads you acrossa Ired carpet to an overstuffed couch.

"You will join me 'for tea, won't you?"he pleads.

While you wait, Subhana explaips:"Throughout the years, Kashmir Valley

had been a quiet Summer retreat for alimited number of vacationers. Thenduring World War II, many soldiers,mostly Americans, came to Kashmir.They had plenty of money. They likedKashmiri handiwork.

"Soon everybody wanted to become anart m£'Tchant, carpet merchant, wood-carvil1ig merchant or what have you.Even peddlers and boatmen openedshops. They were all 'the be3t.' An Eng-

14

lish friend of my father then suggestedto h,im that he should become 'the worst.'

Subhana (the fifth) said his father'sexperiment worked. Today, Subhana em-ploys 460, most of whom work in smallfactories or lin homes, doing embroiderywork, woodwork, weaving, wood carvingand furJlliture making.

During the long Winter when Srtnagaris isolat~d by heavy snow, Subhana'sworkers build up stock for the next sea-son.

The tea and cookies are out of theway and now it is time for business.

Subhana squats on the floor in frontof his custome:r. Ban:qoot derks spreada large sheet on the carpet. At Subhana'scommand they begin bringing articlesfrom the floor-to-ceiliqg shelves and theshowcases which ring the room.

There is a woman's wool evening jack-et.

"This took one person nine months toembroider," Subh.ana says. The price: 450rupees ($94).

Then a shawl called shahtoos. Subhanasays it is woven 'from the soft breast ofa mountain sheep. This is light as a fea-ther .but one of the warmest materialsmade, Subhana says. Furthermore it hasbeen impossible to obtain since theCommunist Chinese overran the Tibetanmountains where the sheep live. Theprice of the shawl-7,OOO rupees ($1,470)'

A clerk brings an exquisitely embroid.ered .tablecoth which costs 1,500 rupee3($315). Subhana says it took 2 years tomake. The embl'Jidery work is so finethat a worker can sew for no more thanan thour at a time without giving hiseyes a rest.

"Many of my .customers spend two orthree days here," Subhana says proudly.

Whether Subhana is "the worst" or"the best" could .be argued, but Subhanais unquestionably "the most."

EX.CBI ROUNDUP

CONTEMPORARY CHINA. Edited by RuthAdams. Pantheon Books, Nell' York, N.Y. Octo-ber, 1966. $5.95.

Original \ studies of today's mainlandChina by recent visitors and some of theworld's best-known China experts-in-cluding Han Suyin, Jan Myrdal and C. P.Fitzgerald. Based on the University ofChicago symposium held earlier thisyear.

THE CRUEL COAST. By William Gage. NewAmerican Library, Nell' York, N.Y_ October 1966$5.50.

An action and suspense novel about aGerman submarine in World War II.Rammed by an Allied ship, off Ireland,the submarine limps to an Irish islandfor repairs. There are only 19 people onthe island; all~ but one of them arefriendly Irish people who hate the Englishand at first are ready to help the U.boatmen. The one antagonist is a beautifulgirl whose actions spell trouble for theGermans.

THE CAPTAIN. By Jan de Hartog. AtheneumPublishers, New York, N.Y. November, 1966.$5.95.

A story of the sea in the realistic tra-dition, in which a hardboiled Dutchcaptain of an oceangoing tug fights hisway through two searing voyages toMurmansk on the Arctic convoy run inWor:d War II. He disciplines and unifiesa green crew, conducts a private feudwith the mean little British officer incharge of the convoys, navigates his shipthrough sea and air attacks and tries tocope with an officer who freezes withfear during the first enemy action. Thestory of a very dirty, savage, cruel partof the war.

CHINA. By Emil Schulthess with additionaltexts by Emil Egli, Edgar Snow and HarryHamm. The Viking Press, New York, N.Y. Oc-tober, 1966. $25.00.

"Old China hands" may not agree witheverything that is written, but they willcertainly enjoy spending some time withthis book in which a world. famous pho-tographer and his co-authors take usbehind the invisible wall that surroundsthis gigantic land to show glimpses ofthe China of today. Schulthess, with thehelp of Dr. Hans Keller, the Swiss am.

JANUARY, 1967

bassador to .Peking, was permitted tovisit China in 1964 and again in 1965.From these two journeys he has broughtback a fabulous record in which hisunique pictures are accompanied by aninteresting account of his experiencesand many significant facts and obser-vations about conditions in China.Among the places he visited which arewell-known to CBIers are Kweilin, Yang.suo, Shaoshan, Changsha, W u han,Ichang, Chungking, Sian, Loyang, Cheng-chow, Peking, Hangchow, Shanghai andSoochow. Among these extraordinary pic-tures, many of them in color, readerswho served in China will find both fam-iliar sights and evidence of change.

A HISTORY OF INDIA: Vol. I. By RomilaThaper. Pelican Original (Penguin). November,1966. Paperback, $1.75.

This volume covers the history of thesubcontinent from about 1000 B.C., withthe beginnings of Aryan culture, to themiddle of the 16th century and the ar-rival of European traders. Until recently,Indian history has usually consisted ofcollections of dynastic and political his-tory, along with myth, mysticism andclassic Sanskrit writings. In this casethe author uses modern historical meth-ods, along with recent,findings in arch-aeology, to give a rounded picture of allaspects of Indian life before the arrivalof Western Europeans. Vol. II in the ser.ies, by Percival Spear, deals with Indianhistory from the 16th century to Nehru.

REPORTER IN RED CHINA. By CharlesTaylor. Random House, Inc .. New York, N.Y.Not!ember, 1966. $4.95.

The author, a correspondent for a Tor-onto newspaper, spent 18 months (May1964 to October 1965) in CcunmunistChina as the only North American in agroup of 30 foreign newspaper men.Taylor examines political and economictrends in China and the lighter side oflife as well, especially in the theater.He points out that revisionism is thegreatest fear of the Communist leaders,and that backsliding into old bourgeoisways has probably been one of the fac-tors that !ed to the forming of the RedGuard.

THE SHADOW OF SUNRISE: SelectedStories of Japa!l and the IVar. Kodansha Inter.national USA, Palo Alto, Calif. September, 1966.$4.50.

Five short stories, all concerned withthe end or aftermath of World War II,provide an insight into Japanese thoughtand feelings of that period. Originalwoodcuts by Masakazu Kuwata.

15

San Francisco Chronicle Tells

What Indians Are Talking AboutA Silent Killer

BOMBAY, India-Some days ago 20 po-lice officers and 200 constables werequietly withdrawn from their regularbeats and assigned to a top priority job.

Police headquarters is tight. lipped buteveryone knows what the job is. It is totrack down a man who kills people intheir sleep, silently, efficiently and bru.tally.

Bombay's columnists call him "India'sJack the Ripper."

This man is said to prefer for his knif.ings citizens who are homeless and whosleep on the pavements. And amongthem he likes to kill sadhus (holy men)and women.

Four men and one woman have so fardied at his hands. The modus operandiappears to be the same-a sudden knifethrust in the back or in the chest whilethe victim is fast asleep on the sidewalk.

More than 50,000 citizens sleep onBombay's pavements. A familiar andrather embarrassing sight as one drivesfrom Santa Cruz Airport to the big hotelsin the south of the metropolis is that ofpeople sleeping under white sheets onthe pavements.

But until the killer came on the scenethey did not seem to mind the discom-fort. Mostly out of town immigrants, theydo not have to pay any rents.

One pavement. dweller told MayorMadhavan recently that sleeping underthe spacious portico of a Hornby roadbuilding or on a corridor of the VictoriaTerminus railway station is certainly nothalf as bad as sleeping in a stuffy,hole. like tenement in Lal Baug.

But now even this solace has beendenied to these hapless "children of thestars and the skies," as one columnistcalls the pavement people.

Death haunts Bombay's pavements.Until the killer is tracked down, the

pavement. dwellers have decided to or.ganize their own nocturnal vigils.

"We may not have the money to formco. operative housing societies but wehave enough organization to form co.operative sleeping societies," said onecitizen.

The terror of "Jack the Ripper" has alsohighlighted another peril to pavement-dwellers.

A dozen pavement-sleepers have beenkil'led by motorists in the past sixmonths. One truck ran over a curb andcrushed a mother and her two childrento death.

Mayor Madhavan is anxious to do

16

something to allay their anxiety. But thecity's homeless are skeptical since everysuccessive mayor has said much thesame thing. This time, the pavement-dwellers plan a morcha (peaceful par-ade) to dramatize their plight.

-Rukmini Devi

* * *Death in the Gutters

BOMBAY, India-Often, a tragedy isneeded to shock officialdom into action.

For years Bombay's suburban residentshave been clamoring for a proper drain-age system. Nothing happened. Petitionsand letters directed at the MunicipalCorporation were duly "filed."

When suburban leaders sent remind.ers, they were told that "the matter isstill under consideration."

One evening, a few days ago, three-year-old Vimla, daughter of a suburbanresident, did not return home from herplay. Her father, Premji Ganda, organ-ized a search with the help of neighbors.

After many hours, Vilma's body wasfound in a gutter. While playing, she hadfallen into the open hole and wasdrowned.

Ganda took his child's body to Munici-pal Commissioner Sukhtankar's resi.dence. Hundreds of people followed him.

Freedom Party boss Madhu Mehta andother Opposition politicians describedVimla's death as "a blot on Bombay'scivic administration.'

The matter has become a major pub.lic issue. Ganda himself does not seemto like all the publicity being given tohis family's bereavement. A true Hindu,he values "the privacy of grief."

But Bombay's Opposition parties areout to make Vimla the symbol of theircampaign for what Mehta calls "a de-cent, conscientious civic administrationbefitting India's greatest metropolis."

In the past few months four childrenhave been drowned in open gutters whichare common in the city's suburbs. TheBombay Coroner held the Corporationguilty of negligence in one case.

The Commissioner says that a closeddrainage system is not possible in someof the suburbs because of the lie of theland. While this has generated a debateamong engineers, the Commissioner isbeing asked by suburbanites why opengutters cannot be "supervised" regularly.

Some people think that the Commis-sioner is being unfairly blamed. Theyask why parents should not themselves

EX.CBI ROUNDUP

-- What Indians Are Talking About

ensure that their children do not playnear gutters.

Suburbanites feel that they are gettinga raw deal merely because they live inthe "forgotten suburbs."

Sensing Commissioner Sukhtankar'sembarrassment, residents of other "neg-lected backyards," to use one favoriteeditorial phrase, are also adopting shocktactics to goad officials' conscience.

The other day the roads leading toMunicipal Buildings stank to high hea-vens. Reason: slum dwellers from Prab-hat Colony'took cartloads of filth to theMunicipality to bolster their complaintagainst inefficient scavenging.

The result was that within hoursPrabhat Colony was cleaned up thor-oughly. The Commissioner sent truck-loads of sweepers to the area.

-Rukmini Devi

Female Rev.olutionRAWALPINDI-In Lahore, at one of the

best universities in the Orient, girl stu-dents leave their classrooms, pick uptheir books on chemistry or modern lit-erature-and. pull their thick black veilsover their faces.~

In the Pakistan capital of Rawalpindisome people in the government are wor-ried that the new capital being built inIslamabad won't look Islamic enough.

Proud of their national progress yetpolitically bound hand and foot to theirreligion-the state came into being forIndia's Mcslems-Pakistan has her shareof problems.

One that affects most of the people iswhat to do about women. Even the mostliberal interpretation of the Koran doesnot allow equality of the sexes, but aslow, quiet revolution is going on amongthe female population and while the"burka" veil is still worn by almost allwomen, it has become more of a gestureto Islam than anything else.

Before Pakistan became a nation, wo-men played their traditional passive rolein Moslem society. They weren't allowedto take a job, get an education, worshipin the mosques, see their husbands be-fore marriage or be seen by any man out-side the family.

Nowadays marriages are still arrangedbut usually boy and girl meet before-hand and can decide for them~elve3, al-though the tradition of going along withthe family's wishes is still very strong.

In the enthusiasm for progress, girlswere at last allowed to go to school andfor the first time since the Moslem Mo-ghuls, came, saw and conquered the In-dian subcontinent, women could workoutside their homes. At first shy, then

JANUARY, 1967

* *

confident, girls applied for jobs as air-line hostesses and receptionists.

Suddenly men found themselves talk-ing to female secretaries in governmentoffices and women could consult a J adydoctor. When the Pan Am managedKarachi Intercontinental Hotel openedin May of 1964, a hundred women werehired and for the first time Pakistan hadcham ber- maids.

Rawalpindi and the other cities in thegreen north are more cautious about giv-ing women more freedom. A lot of thewomen prefer the old ways which are atleast secure. They argue that underIslam a wife is guaranteed a good set-tlement if she is divorced. They also fearthat the kind of power they exercisefrom behind the "burka" might be lostas soon as men can deal openly withwomen in everyday life.

The process of emancipation howeveris irresistible. When traveling by train,the women still confine themselves to theladies' compartment, but they take offthe heavy "burka," nurse their babiesand call to their husbands to bring teaand food when they want it. The hus-bands are not showing much spirit infighting back. In fact they seem as fas-cinated as anyone else to see the facesbehind the veils.

It's naturally the younger generationthat favors the change'. Equally predict-ably some of their elders are concernedabout the liberalization and seculariza-tion of today's schooling.

In a recent symposium one teachervoiced concern about the lack of an Is-lamic bias and blamed parents for notencouraging the study of Persian andArabic. The plea was as old as Islam,with one difference-the teacher was awoman and she wasn't wearing a"burka." -Shann Davies

-THE END

China-Burma-India

lapel PinsPrice Only $100 Each

Ex-CBI Roundup17

One of India's Big Problems Today

Exodus of Talent From CountrysideBy DR. K. N. KATIU

From The Statesman

It is common saying that India livesin its villages. It has been living so forthousands of years. Even though condi-tions have changed enormously and,with the tremendous growth of popula-tion, urban areas have greatly devel-oped, the old situation still persists;India still continues to live in its vil-lages. About 82% of our people live inrural areas.

In the olden days much of our ruralland was owned by zamindars. Theywere of all degrees some exceeding.y richalmost like independent chieftains withvast estates; others with only moderateholdings. Many more were petty lanr'-owners but almost all of them lived intheir own often ancestral, homes. Somecultivated land themselves, others actedas intermediaries and let out their landfor cultivation to local peasants. Every-where there were rules to regulate therights and responsibilities of these cul-tivators.

In those days all villages had an econ-omic, cultural and spiritual life of theirown. The bigger landowners might havehad their private homes and residencesin the neighbouring cities and townsalso, but the villages themselves werethe real homes of all zamindars. Educa.tion was not widespread; the cultivatingclasses were uneducated, and educationwas limited almost to these zamindarifamilies who manned almost all publicservices.

Living conditions in rural areas wereundoubtedly difficult. There was noquestion of rural electrification, nor wasthere any established system of pub-lic lighting. Transport and communi-cation posed problems. Indeed, many vil-lages were almost cut off from the worldat large during the rainy season. Yetpeople carried on population had notre~ched unmanageable limits. Agricul-tural production proved sufficient forlocal needs and there were minor ruraland cottage industries to sustain the vil-lage economy.

Cities and towns no doubt flour's>erlthroughout the countryside, but they didnot play any very significant part in ournational life because of the prevailingagricultural economy. The people's fewextra needs were met by visits to weeklyfairs and occasional trips to nearbytowns.

With the advent of British rule in In.dia came also a revolution in our com-

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munity life. Our British rulers did theirutmost consciously or unconsciously, todevelop urban India. Schools and col-leges of all kinds were established. Sowere hcsp:tals and dispensaries. Districtheadquarters were made the centres ofthe local administration and a new hier-archy of officers and subordinate staffwas gradually born. The result was thatdistrict headquarters and other towns be.gan to occupy an important place in thecommunity life of the people. They be.came the centres of the executive andalso of the administration of iustice.rhe result was an exodus of importantpeoDie from villages to towns.

Then came a social revolution in theshape of the abolition of the zamindarisystem. Zamindars as intermediarieswe-e a'most entire'y done away withand cultivators of land who were intend-ed to be the beneficiHries of the systemhave now become land-owners en masse.The erstwhile zamindars with no placeleft to them in the rural life of the day,have almost all of them left their villagehomes and taken up residence in townswhere they have found jobs and nowform part of the new middle class.

This change in the rural economy isno doubt accompanied by a vast spreadof education in rural areas Primaryschools are now scattered over almost theentire countryside; higher educationalinstitutions like middle schools, highersecondary schools and even colleges arespringing up everywhere. Rural parentsas well as their sons are keen on high.er education but, unfortunately, this weI.come development is accompanied byrather an unwelcome feature. A villageboy even if he passed a middle schoolexamination leave alone a higher quali-fication, is unwilling nowadays to goback and live his life in his village home.He becomes most anxious to move to thenearest town and seek a job there. Thissituation is particularly noticeable inU.P. and M.P. and it is causing greatharm to the community life of the vil-lage.

T:lC Government is everywhere doingite; utm::Jst to develop the countryside.Roads and transport are being improvedeverywhere; villages are no longer in-acce3sible; communication has becomefairly easy; rural electrification isspreading; and facilities are being pro.vided for better cultivation and also forthe establishment of minor cottage in.dustries.

Life in our villages is becoming moreattractive, but the attractions of town

EX.CBI ROUNDUP

---------------E,x,odus of Tialent From Countrysidelife still dominate people's minds. Evenvillage school masters who are supposedto be present for all the 24 hours in theirvillages try to find houses in neighbor-ing towns or in bigger villages so thatthey can just travel to their own schoolsfor a six or seven.hour day. Hundredsof rural dispensaries remain without doc-tors because physicians in Governmentservice are unwilling to take charge ofinstitutions in rural areas.

There is talk everywhere these days ofdevelopment of the country, particularlyof rural India, in a variety of ways andthrough the 'use of modern technical pro.cesses. Funds are available and so ismachinery. Legislation on the establish.ment of Panchayati Raj has been widelyenacted; rural areas have been dividedinto community development areas. Pan-chayats have also been established inmany village!>. But there is a tendencynot to give much thought to the real dif-ficulty that now exists that is, the ab-sence of qualified personnel in each vil-lage to regulate rural life in every aspectof production and distribution and also

for the conduct of the local self-govern-ing administrative machinery.

Attempts to induce our trained andqualified youth to run large farms ac-cording to modern improved agriculturalmethods have completely failed eventhough all kinds of assistance, financialand other, have been offered to them.

But I think it is essential for the pro-gress of our country that trained andqualified men should settle down inrural areas and spend their time ineconomic activities, agricultural as wellas industrial. The absence of social lifein a village can only be contered if alarge number of people take up theirresidence in these rural areas. The ex-perience and wisdom of retired Govern-ment servants would be particularly use-ful in this direction. They too should set-tle down in their ancestral villages togive the necessary guidance to local peo-ple. \Vith the advent of such modernfacilities as buses and cars and othermeans of transport, village life hasceased to be as isolated as it was in thepast. -THE END

Even TaiLor Turns on Chinese NoveListAkron, Ohio, Beacon-Journal

HONG KONG-No man, they say, is ahero to his valet, but few men are deep-dyed villians to their tailors.

Such is the awful fate of OuyangShan, long the chief literary man ofSouthern China, who is today undergoingrapid transformation into a non-person.

The sins of the portly, middle-agednovelist have been trumpeted to the skiesof his native Kwangtung Province. Hehas been denounced in tumultuous massmeetings for his crimes against the can.onical thought of Mao Tse-tung and hisinsistence upon writing as he himself-rather than the Communist party-pleased.

But the unkindest cut of all has justbeen administered by the master tailorsof the Canton garment shop, where Ou-yang Shan had his clothes made for 17years. Not content with their usual pin-pricking of the customer's ego by the dis-covery of his gross physical imperfec-tions, the tailors have proclaimed thatthey "long ago detected that he had be-come a bourgeois aristocrat" and no trueproletarian.

The tailors had a hard time. They com-plained he actually asked that hisclothes be altered "by nothing more thannarrowing by two centimeters" and add.ed: "An overcoat which is too loose or

JANUARY, 1967

too tight by one or ,two centimetersshould be no problem. But he was soparticular!"

If such needling is all too familiar, thetailors' further plaint is unique. Theycomplained that Ou-yang Shan insistedupon ordering clothes which were tooexpensive.

"Will he," they asked, "want to go tothe countryside" to learn from the pea-sants in such getups?

Ou-yang Shan's real crime was nothis meticulous taste in clothing, thoughthat predilection contributed to his down-fall in the fantastically puritanical realmwhich is Communist China. It was noteven his penchant for giving elaboratebanquets-one, upon an official occasion,for almost 300 persons.

Ou-yang Shan's real crime was his in-sistence upon writing about people whowere real to him, rather than the idolizedworkers, peasants, and soldiers who areconsidered the only fit subject for fictionin Communist China today.

His own son, a high school studentnamed Ou.yang Yenhsing, mounted theplatform at a mass meeting to demand:"Thoroughly indict the crimes of theanti-party element Ou-yang Shan!"

The boy changed his name to HsiangTung-shen for the occasion-and forever.

-THE END

19

China's George Washington a Christian

The Other Side of Sun Vat-SenReprinted from Maryknoll

Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the George Washing-ton of modern China, whose one-hun-dreth anniversary of birth is celebratedthis month, derived his revolutionary mo-tivation from Christianity. This is thetheme of a large exhibit on the life ofDr. Sun at the Catholic Centre in Miaoli,central Taiwan. Maryknoll Father EdwinJ. McCabe, director of the Centre, com-missioned a local Chinese artist to pre-pare thirteen large murals depicting hislife and highlighting the Christian influ-ence which molded the leader's ideology.

Sun Yat-sen was born November 12,1866 in the village of Tsuiheng, halfwaybetween Canton and Portuguese Macao.This was in southern Kwangtung prov-ince, the traditional breeding ground forrevolutionaries in China, and a fittingbirthplace for the future leader of the1911 revolt which overthrew the Manchudynasty and instituted a republicanform of government.

Sent to Hawaii at the age of 12 towork in his older brother's store, Suncame into his first contact with Westernculture and Christianity. He attended aChristian "Bishop's School" and was tre-mendously impressed by the numbers ofpeople attending church on Sundays. Fa-ther McCabe's research indicates thatwhen young Sun expressed a desire tobecome a Christian himself his brothersent the young student back to China.

Sun Yat-sen's stay in his home villagewas short. His revolutionary ideas alongsocial, political and religious lines andhis demonstrations against traditionalsuperstitions resulted in his expulsion bythe village fathers. The young revolu-tionary spent a year in the Canton medi-cal school and then registered in Queen'sCollege in Hong Kong. During this timehe was constantly comparing Chineseand Western life and the ignominiousdefeats suffered by China at the handsof the Western nations. These medita-tions confirmed him in his anti-Manchusentiments. It was at this time in HongKong that Sun Yat-sen was baptized aChristian by an American missionary,the Charles Hager, in a church on Holly-wood Road.

At the Hong Kong College of Medicineyoung Sun met the man who was laterto save his life--Doctor James Cantile.Dr. Sun graduated from medical schoolwith an academic average that was toremain the school's highest for the nexttwenty-five years. He began the practiceof medicine in Macao in 1892, but soon

20

discontinued it both for lack of a Portu-guese license and his preoccupation withrevolutionary ideas. It is Father McCabe'sopinion that Sun Yat-sen had intended tobecome a Christian minister and studiedmedicine only because Hong Kong lackeda theological school.

In 1896 Dr. Sun was engaged in organ-izing the Elder Brother Society, a secretanti. Manchu organization in southernChina, Hawaii, the United States andEngland. In London Sun was kidnappedby agents of the Manchu governmentand held in their legation for shipmentback to China and probable execution asa revolutionary. With the aid of an Eng-lish servant he got word of Dr. Can tileand through the intervention of LordSalisbury was released.

In his attempts to overthrow the des-potic Manchus Sun Yat-sen and his fol-lowers suffered nine catastrophic de-feats--enough to discourage any revolu-tionary who was not dr~v~n on by. amessianic zeal or the Chnstlan commit-ment to save his country. In a conclusivebattle at Wu-Chang the fading militarymight of the Manchus crumbled and adefinitive victory was 'won by the revo-lutionaries on October 10, 1911. This tenthday of the tenth month, commonly re-ferred to as the "double ten", is cele-brated as Independence Day by the freeChinese. Sun Yat-sen, the idealistic revo-lutionary, had won the day and wasnamed first president of the Republic ofChina.

Strangely enough, Sun Yat-sen is ac-claimed as the great hero of modernChina and Father of the Nation by boththe Nationalist Chinese and by the Chin-ese Communists. The Communists, how-ever would hardly admit to the state-ment attributed to Dr. Sun on his death-bed and recorded in the final mural inthe Sun Yat-sen exhibit at the CatholicCentre. The great revolutionary is pic-tured lying in bed surrounded by closeassociates and a scribe who recordedhis final will and testament to modernChina. In it, Sun Yat-sen said: "I am aChristian and have received from God amessage. I want all to know that I wasa Christian." -THE END

Be Sure to Notify Roundup

When You Change Your Address.

EX-CEl ROUNDUP

News dispaubes tram ree-ent issuesat The Cale-utta Statesman

NEW DELHI-Soil erosion by the Brah.mapatra, Assam's river of sorrow, hasresulted in an average loss of 25,000 acresto Assam every year since 1954. Insta-bility caused by excessive silt, a largevolume of runoff and silt sand contentof the banks are the main causes of theerosion. It has been suggested dredgingin specified areas and clay grouting ofthe banks may be helpful. Long-termmeasures recommended are for storagereservoirs, detention basins, soil conser-vation measures and flood discharge.

CALCUTTA-About 850 people werekilled on the Eastern Railway last yearwhile crossing the track, according to areport made by the general manager ofthe railway.

NEW DELHI-India's net national in-come at the end of the Third Plan periodshowed an increase since the beginningof the Plan. The per capita income re-mained more or less static over a five.year period.

PATNA-The Bihar Government hasdecided to raise the cast dole to the poorfrom Rs 1 per person per week to Rs 2.This is in addition to gratuitous reliefat the rate of six chattacks of foodgrainsper adult and three chattacks to eachchild below nine years of age per day.The cash dole is meant for buying salt,kerosene, matches and other small butessential needs. The criteria for gratui.tous relief and cash dole are physicaldisabilities preventing the individualfrom being gainfully employed and in-clude the crippled and the blind, atten.dants of infants in homes, starving wan-derers and the mentally deficient andlunatics. The list also includes womenwho by custom are unable to appear in

. public and are in danger of starving todeath.

MADRAS-The State Government re-cently received a request from an asso-clatwn of milkmen m Madras city forpermission to add water to milk. Thereason for the request was that themaintenance of cows had become costly.The request was rejected.

GAYA-A hungry mob of about 300,including women, forcibly harvested andlooted the standing paddy crop in aboutfour bighas in Bhadeit Village, about sixmiles from here, in broad daylight re-cently. When some farmers protested, the

JANUARY, 1967

mob attacked them, killing one on thespot and injuring four others. Policerushed to the village and brought thesituation under control.

NEW DELHI-A new type of paddy,part of a program of agricultural devel-opment, has been declared successful afterits first season.

PATNA-Pope Paul has donated Rs 1lakh for relief to the drought and famine.stricken people of Bihar. Oxfam, a Bri-tish relief organization, has also remit-ted about the same amount. The moneyis proposed to be spent on providing ir-rigational facilities and seeds to farmers.Part of it will also be used to providefood for the hungry.

CALCUTTA-The luckiest man in Cal.cutta recently was Mr. R. N. Javeri, o(Trivoli Park, Lower Circular Road, whowon Mother Teresa's Raffle for the FordLincoln limousine donated to her by thePope. The raffle was drawn at Raj Bha-van in aid of a project very close toMother Teresa's heart, a self-supportingtown for lepers near Asansol. The car,worth about Rs 70,000 in the USA, wouldcost Rs 2 lakhs or more in India. Theraffle met with remarkable success, col-lecting Rs 4,60,370 from people all overIndia.

NEW DELHI-A biography of Mr. LalBahadur Shastri is to qe brought out inall Indian languages. The national com-mittee of the Lal Bahadur Shastri Na.tional Memorial Trust, which has spon-sored the scheme, will be approaching"some good writers" for writing the bio-graphy.

DARJEELING-Two Tibetan refugees,who arrived in Bhutan this year, speakof continued Chinese oppression of theTibetan people, poor food and inadequaterations, and the Chinese preoccupationwith military buildup in Tibet. Theirstatements, sent to a Tibetan daily here,give an inkling of the extent of Chinesepride and propaganda about their so.called military invincibility and aboutHan superiority to which there seems tobe an undercurrent of resentment andresistance among the Tibetans. It seemsapparent from their statements that eachvillage has its cell of counter. espionageactivities and its village resistance cadre.

SRINAGAR-Nearly 200 ponies whichhad been accompanying pilgrims toAmarnath died en route to the holy cave.According to preliminary investigation,the ponies appear to have died afterhaving eaten poisonous herbs. Suchherbs grow in the Sheshnag area, about16 miles from Pahalgam, along withgrass. The Kashmir Government is un.derstood to have assured pony owners ofsome compensation for the loss.

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Commander'sMessage

by

Joseph T. Nivert

National CommanderChina-Burma-India

Veterans Assn.

Dear CBI friends:

You better believe that the year 1966is now history. It was another great yearfor CBIVA and we will strive to make1967 even better. Without a doubt, manyof us will experience sadness and othermiseries that come with life. On theother hand, there will be much happi-ness to look forward to and this, we areable to do something about. Make apromise to yourself to get the most outof life by doing the nice things you al-ways wished to do. In your planning, doinclude the CBIVA and especially theAnnual Family Reunion. At the reunion,you will see happiness and you will feelthis happiness. You will see love for theorganization and the individuals and youwill understand this love. You will knowthe meaning of the common bond (hav-ing served in CBI) that holds us togetheras comrades and dear friends. You willhave happy memories of the occasion inyour hearts forever and I don't mean thatthis will happen to the veteran alone.This love, happiness, and memory shouldbe shared by his or her entire family.Make plans now to attend the twentiethannual reunion in Cincinnati, Ohio onAugust 2 through August 5, 1967.

The fall board meeting was held in Mil-waukee, Wisconsin, on November 5, 1966.It proved to be a success from everystandpoint. Delegates from all corners ofthe United States attended the session.This great attendance proved my previousboast that the officers are sincere. Theycompose a great team and will give theirutmost for the betterment of the organi-zation. Reports were given by each offi-

This spa.e is .ontributed to the CBIV A byEx-CBI Roundup as a servi.e to the manyreaders who are members of the Assn., of whi.hRoundup is the offidal publi.ation. It is im-portant to remember that CBIV A and Roundupare entirely separate organizations. Your sub-SC"ription to Roundup does not entitle you tomembership in CBIV A, nor does your member-ship in CBIV A entitle you to a subSC"ripriontoRoundup. You need not be a member of CBIVAin order to subSC"ribeto Roundup or vise versa.-Ed.

22

cer and we transacted business of a varie-ty nature. No point of business was toogreat or too small. Nothing was over-looked or set aside. I thank the delegatesfor their interests, contributions, and forany sacrifices they made to attend thismeeting.

The board meeting was not all businessand my thanks to Edwin Krause, Milwau-kee Basha Commander, who worked withseveral committees to afford much gaietywith an outstanding social schedule. Thevarious committees included the Withow-ski's, Schwittau's, Kopplin's, Dencker's,Pohorsky's, Cicerello's, Mrs. Krause andVera Seder. My apologies to anyone thatI might have missed.

The gathering at the Pabst BrewerySternwirth Room on November 4th in-cluded 46 CBlers. Later that eveningthere were 56 persons at the Elks Clubwhere the Milwaukee Basha hosted amost delicious midnight snack (dinner).The two business sessions held on Nov-ember 5th and the luncheon were attend-ed by over thirty delegates. The dinner-dance finale which was held at the fa-mous Cudworth Post that eveningbrought together a group of 75 wonderfulpeople. Even this figure was later aug-mented by more couples who could notmake the dinner. This was great. Com-ments were good and without a doubt,your Commander was the happiest per-son there. Doc Kazar, Tchula, Miss., hadto replace his eye-ba'lls when he sawthe attendance. Digger Runk of Houstonhad to admit that shindigs in Milwau-kee are as big as those in Texas. TheBetz's of Vallejo, Calif., wanted to stayan extra week. I could ramble on but tosum it up quickly-"We had a most suc-cessful business and social event." Tillieand myself express a special thanks tothe Schwittau's of Milwaukee and theGeiger's of Fond du Lac for their mostgracious hospitality.

There are people who have merited rec-ognition and deserve hearty congratula-tions from myself and the organization.Our first National Commander, Lester J.Dencker, was named the MilwaukeeCounty "Veteran of the Year" and wasappropriately honored at a Veterans Day.banquet. No one could be more deservingof this great honor. Hats off to JamesDeChristefero as the new Commander ofthe Mahoning Valley Basha, to EdwinKrause who will lead the Milwaukeebasha, to Al Frankel of Plymouth Meet-ing, Pa., our Senior Vice-Commanderwho was na~ed CBIVA MembershipChairman, to Rav Lent and Tommie ',in-dig of Houston, Texas, for their efforts tomake Texas the most popular CEI stateby starting new bashas in every largecity.

Those kind words that you folks keep~ending my way mean so very much.Keep them coming. Let's hear from you.

EX.CBI ROUNDUP

----------------------_To the Editors

Wouldn't Miss OneKeep up the good work

-wouldn't miss a copy.ALFRED WEICHEL,Tecumseh, Nebr.

pany was held August 20-21, 1966, at the Pick FortShelby Hotel in Detroit,Mlch. There were 20 men,13 wives and 23 kids in at-tendance. Next reunion willbe in Baltimore, Md., Aug-ust 10-11, 1968. Otto Diech.graber and Joseph Fuchswill be in charge. The unitwas in the CBI Theaterfrom 1944 to 1946.

GEORGE WALZ,Burlington, Iowa

95th Station Hospital• Served as chief of sur-gery in the 95th StationHospital, Chabua, India,and Kunming, China, Feb-ruary 10, 1943, to June,1945. The 95th Station Hos-pital was the first Armyhospital in Assam (Ad.vance Section 3) and thefirst Army hospital inChina. I have been a sub.scriber to Ex-CEl Roundupsince 1946, and have al-ways fully enjoyed themagazine. In all this timeI have not seen any ref-erence to the 95th. I wouldappreciate hearing fro many former member of thispioneer group.

JAMES W. TOBIN, MD.,164 Division St.,Elgin, Ill.

manager of Cathay Templein Mattapoisett. He was ac-tive in the Elks and wasfirst vice. president desig-nate of the Kiwanis Club ofNew Bedford. He was ac-tive in promoting visits ofNew York ch i 1d ren toGreater Bedford, workingwith the Kiwanis Club andHerald Tribune Fresh AirFund. He was a WorldWar II veteran, servingwith the Army in the Bur-ma.lndia Theater. Besideshis widow, he is survivedby two daughters.

(From a newspaper clip-ping submitted by Raul M.Per e ira, New Bedford,Mass.)

127th Signal Radio• The fifth biennial re-union of the 127th SignalR a d i 0 Intelligence Com-

HUNGRY Chinese children beg for scraps of food as trainstops during the evacuation of Kweilin. Photo by Milton Klein.

"Year of the Ram"• The Chinese New Yearwill be celebrated in SanFrancisco's Chinatown Feb.ruary 18.26, 1967, with theparade to be held on Sat.urday, February 25. Theevents within these datesare open to the public. TheChinese private family cel-ebration will be held theweek prior. Any CEl "folks"are welcome to enjoy theweekend with the GeneralGeorge W. Sliney Basha.

RAY KIRKPATRICK,San Francisco, Calif.

Joseph Fenaja• Wanted to inform youthat another CBI memberhas taken the long trail.Joseph Fenaja of St. Louisdied Sept. 27, 1966, and wasburied October 1. He was67 years of age, and was acharter member of the St.Louis Basha.

LEON BOYER,St. Louis, Mo.

Richard Van Wiggeren• The body of Richard H.Van Wiggeren, 41, promin.ent Greater New Bedford,Mass., businessman, wasfound November 24, 1966,in a motel at Somerset. Themedical examiner s aid"there was a note left tohis family." He was presi-dent and treasurer of In.dustrial Supply & Engi.neering Co. A native ofIlion, N.Y., Van Wiggerenwas married to the form-er Sue Wong, owner and COAL MINING operation in India. Photo by Andrew Janko.

JANUARY, 1967 23

BRITISH TROOPS pose on an idol in a monastery shrine in Mandalay, Burma, after the fallof the city in March 1945. US Air Force photo.