I can: 10.6 Name: ____________________________________ Date: _____________ Period: ____

Evolution Review Packet! Due Friday, May 3

Use the following description to answer the following questions: In Rocky Mountain National Forest, there are 2 different types of lizards: ones with green skin and ones with brown skin. It is summer and the whole forest is green. There are birds in the forest that like to eat lizards that stand out.

1. Which type of lizard is the most fit in their environment? _______________________________ 2. What are the variations within the lizard population (different types)?

3. Which type of lizard will not benefit from natural selection and not survive? ________________ 4. Predict how the population of lizards will change over time, be specific.

5. Is this an example of structural or behavioral adaption? _____________________ Why?

6. Fish also live in the forest that have scales that match the color of the river; is this an example of convergent or divergent evolution? State why.

7. There is a forest fire and it burns all of the trees, causing the forest to turn brown. What will happen to the lizard population in this new environment?

8. Explain how both Darwin and Lamarck would explain why there are more green lizards living today? Be sure to use their theories that we learned in class.

- Charles Darwin: - Lamarck:

9. Homologous structures means that two animals have the _________ bone structure but

_________ function/use. What are two animals that have homologous structures? Why?

10. Analogous structures means that two animals have _____________ bone structure but

_________ function/use. What are two animals that have analogous structures? Why?

11. Which scientist believed in the theory of “Inheritance of Acquired Trait?” __________________ 12. Is that theory correct? Why or why not:

The wings of a dragon fly and the wings of a bird

For questions 9-12, decide if the anatomical structures listed below are examples of homologous structures or analogous structures:

13. 14. __________________________ __________________________

15. Evolved from the same ancestor but now have different functions. __________________________ 16. Evolved from different ancestors, but because they were placed in the same environment, they

have the same function. _____________________________

17. What are two animals that represent convergent evolution? Why?

18. What are two animals that represent divergent evolution? Why?

19. What is a vestigial structure in your body? _________________ What does vestigial mean?

20. Which statement below provides the best explanation for why homologous structures exist: a. They evolved randomly b. They were present in a common ancestor c. Whales, bats, and humans are in the same family d. The different species mated with each other.

21. When you survive, you can _______________________.

22. If you do not survive, you cannot __________________, and your species will go ___________.

23. Survival of the ____________. Natural _____________. 24. Can members of two different species (like a snake and a bird) come together and mate to form a

new species? Yes / No

25. If not, then how else can new species be formed?

26. In your own words, please summarize what natural selection means and how does it relate to evolution?

27. Whose theory of evolution was correct, Darwin or Lamarck? Please use evidence and vocabulary words from the lesson to support your argument. Please use complete sentences.

28. A small village was heavily infested with mosquitoes. The village was sprayed weekly with an insecticide for a period of several months. The results of daily counts of the mosquito population are shown in the graph (see image). Which statement best explains why some mosquitoes survived after the first spraying?

a. Some mosquitoes were adapted to the climatic change that occurred over the several month period of spraying.

b. All of the mosquitoes contained DNA unique to the species.

c. The spraying of the insecticide represented a change in the environment to which all the adult mosquitoes adapted.

d. A natural variation existed in the mosquito population.

29. Your class is analyzing the average size of polar bear population across 50 years. You are debating between using a bar graph or a line graph. Explain to your classmates why you should use a line graph to display your results.

30. Air pollution from a factory has darkened the walls of buildings in a nearby city. A species of moths hides from birds on building walls during the day. Over time, the numbers of dark moths compared to light moths changes according to the data in the graph above.

Part A: How could the moths’ color help them to survive over several generations (many years)?

Part B: The factory has reduced air pollution to near zero. Predict what would happen to the population of light colored moths over the next 50 years.

31. Frogs were introduced into Asia for the purpose of eating grubs. The frog population grew rapidly. They became serious pests that predators couldn't eat because of the frogs' poisonous skin. To reduce the number of frogs, a poison was introduced into the frog population. Initially, the poison was highly effective, reducing the frog population by 80%. Currently, the death rate is less than 40%.

Part A: Explain how the current frog population became more resistant to the poison that the original population:

Part B: Identify the name of the process responsible for these changes: __________ __________ 32. Please draw an evolutionary tree diagram using this table. Be sure to also put the traits on the

diagram as well, not just the organisms: Use the Evolutionary Tree below to answer the following questions #29-34:

33. What is the difference

between Fish and Amphibians? _______

34. Add the missing trait that separates birds from crocodiles to the tree.

35. What is the trait that all these organisms have?

__________________

36. What is the trait that sharks have? ______________

37. Primates are most closely related to _____________________ because they both have ________ 38. Fill in the table using the tree above by writing in the other traits the organisms have:

Traits à Vertebrae

Shark X Ray fish X Amphibians X Primates X Rodents/Rabbits X Crocodile X Dinosaurs/Birds X