Evolution of cellular wireless systems from 2G to 5G

5G overview

6-13th October 2017

Enrico BuracchiniTIM INNOVATION DEPT.

Up to now….we are here….

Source : Qualcomm presentation @ 5G Tokyo Bay Summit (july 2015)

3

M.2083-02

Gigabytes in a second

Smart home/building

Voice

Smart city

3D video, UHD screens

Work and play in the cloud

Augmented reality

Industry automation

Mission critical application

Self driving car

Massive machine typecommunications

Ultra-reliable and low latencycommunications

Enhanced mobile broadband

Future IMT

«IMT vision»: Usage Scenarios of IMT for 2020 and beyond

[Source: Racc. ITU-R M.2083, “IMT Vision”]

4

5G in a nutshell

5

«IMT2020» Vision Capabilities (ITU R 5D VISION)

.

6

5G features will be phased as it will be not possibleto standardize all in time for Rel-15 completionand early deployments (2018-2020)

• Release 15 (aka phase 1, by June ‘18) will aim at a first phase ofexpected deployments in 2020 (Japan Olympic Games)

• Release 16 (aka phase 2, by Dec ’19) will target the ITU IMT-2020 submission

• Additional “Early drop” milestone (Dec ‘17-March ’18) addedto intercept market needs in Korea (2018 Winter Game) and USA(Verizon trials)

• NR (New Radio) non-standalone hotspots/small cells where (e)LTE provides mainly control plane (dot lines) & wide area coverage, while NR boosts user plane by high bit rate connections

Non standalone «LTE Assisted», EPC Connected

Early Drop Rel15 –NSA (Non Stand Alone)

3GPP Roadmap

SA - Stand Alone

7

►NR -New Radio with cmW/mmW adoption ► “Ultra Network Densification”

► New waveform design & “ultra-lean signalling”

► Massive/Full Dimensional MIMO (>>> 8x8 antennas) & Beamforming

► Cloud/Virtual – RAN: Virtualized access network & base band pooling

► Network Slicing

5G Enablers

8

9

Use Case enhanced BroadBand (eMBB): mmW adoption

• Availability of large spectrum portions of the orderof hundreds of MHz;

• Extremely high data rates, (for example, the 20 Gbps peak downlink indoor environment);

• Very high spatial reuse thanks to beamformingtechniques;

• "Flexible deployment": it is possible to use the radio interface for both user terminals and backhauling / fronthauling access.

BENEFITS• Technologies never used up to now for cellular

networks: initial costs potentially high andchallenges related to RF components, mainly on UEside• High link attenuation (partly attenuated by

beamforming gains) and high sensitivity to"blocking" and absorption phenomena, in additionto the difficulties associated with indoorpenetration

• need for robust and efficient algorithms for track /search of the beams and complex systemmanagement with numerous "directional"connections.

CHALLENGES

10

► Use of OFDM as in LTE, but increasing efficiency in the use of available bandwidth (90% LTE at 95% -98%)

► Different pilot symbols (RS) with respect to LTE, in order to manage the effects of the radio channel above 6GHz, also trying to reduce overhead (OH) and interference generated;

► Adoption of different carrier spacing values (30, 60, 120, 240, 480 KHz and not just 15 kHz as in LTE) to handle different bandwidths and different use cases, even dynamically and possibly simultaneously;

► Adoption of several Cyclix Prefix values to manage different coverage ranges as the frequency range varies;

► "Ultra Lean Signaling": attempts to reduce overhead control channels, both common and dedicated, adoption of "grant free operation" for low latency use and "self contained signaling".

5G: New Radio principles

11

MASSIVE/FD MIMO & BEAMFORMING

• High number of antenna elements at the Base Station;

• Tens of users simultaneously served on the same radio resources thanks to the Multi User MIMO (MU-MIMO) by using beamforming techniques

12

5G: Cloud/Virtual-RAN

Cloud/Virtual-RAN

Easierdeployment

of HetNetScenarios

BB pooling & coordinated

signalprocessing

BB Capacityincrease ( not

peak BB planning) due to centralisation &

virtualisation

KEY WORDSCentralizeCoordinate

Capex/OpexSAVINGS

… improvedEnergy

Efficiency due to

centralisation

Cloud/Virtual-RAN

Base Station

Virtual Base Station Cluster

RF in RRH & different functionalsplits of BB protocols levelsunder discussion

13

↓ Higher Requirements: lower latency, higher bandwidth

↑ Gains from coordination, joint processing

Centralization

↑ Relaxed Requirements: latency and lower bandwidth

↓ Lower Gains from coordination, performance, limited resource pooling

Decentralization

C/V-RAN: Functional Split challenges & complexity

14

5G: Network Slicing

Slice selection

Network Slicing

Services with heterogeneous

requirements (eMBB, IoT, Public Safety,

ULLR) on the sameinfrastructure

Simultaneousaccess to

multiple slices

Slicing is an e2e concept which

spans from CN to the access

network

Dinamic sliceselection

guaranteed for each trafficcomponent

Each sliceaggregates some network functions

Orchestrationneeded to

manage a slicednetwork

Slice selection assistance functionalities

15

Thank You