Evolution du marché mondial des batteries rechargeables · Evolution du marché mondial des batteries rechargeables ... • The rechargeable battery market in 2016 ... THE WORLDWIDE

Evolution du marché mondial des

batteries rechargeables

Impact sur la demande en Nickel, Cobalt et Lithium

Director, AVICENNE ENERGY

Christophe PILLOT

Séminaire sur les métaux de la transition énergétique

Paris, France

3 Février 2017

Christophe PILLOT + 33 1 47 78 46 00

[email protected]

Presentation Outline • The rechargeable battery market in 2016 • The NiCd, NiMH & Li-ion battery value chain • Li-ion battery material market: cathode & anode – Impact on Metals demand • Forecasts & conclusions

https://advancedautobat.com/conferences/automotive-battery-conference-Europe-2016/index.html

https://advancedautobat.com/conferences/automotive-battery-conference-Europe-2016/index.html


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Evolution du marché mondial des batteries

rechargeables



3 Février 2017 Paris, FRANCE

THE BATTERY MARKET IS REALLY

DYNAMIC

0

1000

2000

3000

2000 2016

Mill

ion

Un

its

/ ye

ar

Cellular Phones sold per Year (Million)

Li-ion

NiMH

165 M Portable

PCs

195 M Tablets

0

100

200

300

400

2000 2016

Mill

ion

Un

its/

Ye

ar

Portable PC sold per Year (Million)

Li-ion

2,6

0,15

0

1

2

3

2000 2016

$/W

h

Li-ion 18650 cell price ($/Wh)

6 900

178 000

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

2000 2016

Ton

s

Tons of cathode active materials

Source: AVICENNE ENERGY, 2017 2 2016: AVICENNE Estimation


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THE WORLDWIDE BATTERY MARKET

1990-2016

0

10 000

20 000

30 000

40 000

50 000

60 000

70 000

80 000

90 000

100 000

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016

MW

h Others (Flow battery, NAS, …)

Li-ion

NiMH

NiCD

Lithium Ion Battery: Highest growth & major part of industry

investments



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0

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

300 000

350 000

400 000

450 000

500 000

MW

h

Others (Flow battery, NAS, …) Li-ion

NiMH

NiCD

Lead Acid

0

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

300 000

350 000

400 000

19

90

19

95

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

16

MW

h


1990-2016 Lithium Ion Battery: Highest growth & major part of the investments

Lead acid batteries: By far the most important market (90% market share)



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1990-2016

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1990

2000

2005

2010

2013

2014

2015

2016

Bill

ion

US

$

Others (Flow battery, NAS, …)

Li-ion

NiMH

NiCD

Lead Acid

65 BILLION US$ in 2016 – Pack level1

5% AVERAGE GROWTH PER YEAR (2000-2016)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1990

2000

2005

2010

2013

2014

2015

2016

Bill

ion

US$

OTHERS

AUTOMOTIVE

INDUSTRIAL

E-BIKES

POWER TOOLS

PORTABLE

SLI

SLI: Start light and ignition batteries for cars, truck, moto, boat etc…

PORTABLE: concumer electronics (cellular, portable PCs, tablests, Camera, …), data collection & handy terminals,

POWER Tools: power tools but also gardening tools

1- Pack: cell, cell assembly, BMS, connectors – Power electronics (DC DC converters, invertors…) not included

INDUSTRIAL • MOTIVE: Forklift (95%), others • STATIONARY: Telecom, UPS, Energy Storage System, Medical, Others

(Emergency Lighting, Security, Railroad Signaling,, Diesel Generator Starting, Control & Switchgear,

AUTOMOTIVE: HEV, P-HEV, EV OTHERS: Medical: wheelchairs, medical carts, medical devices (surgical power tools, mobile instrumentation (x-ray, ultrasound, EKG/ECG, large oxygen concentrators



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IN 2016: US $ 65 BILLION

0

10 000

20 000

30 000

40 000

50 000

60 000

70 000EV, E-Bus

Portable

SLI

Others

Marine

Medical devices

Seismic

ESS

UPS

Telecom

Other Motive

Forklift

Power Tools

E-Bikes

1- Pack level: Pack including cells, cells assembly, BMS, connectors – Power electronics (DC DC converters, invertors…) not included

0

2 000

4 000

6 000

8 000

10 000

12 000

14 000

Lead Acid LIB Others

Other Applications

Marine

Medical devices

Seismic

ESS

UPS

Telecom

Other Motive

Forklift

Power Tools

E-Bikes

US $ 22,8

Billion for

“other”

applications



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LI-ION IN 2016 - MAIN APPLICATIONS

7

(1) Cell level Others: medical devices, power tools, gardening tools, e-bikes… Source: AVICENNE Energy 2017

+78 000 MWh - 20 600 M$ (1)

5 675 M small cells

CAGR 2006/2016

+22 % per year in Volume

-

10 000

20 000

30 000

40 000

50 000

60 000

70 000

80 000

90 000

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

M W

h

Li-ion Battery sales, MWh, Worldwide, 2000-2015

Others

Industrial,ESS

Auto, E-busChina

Auto, e-busExcl. China

Electronicdevices

Phones 17%

Portable PC 66%

Portable Electronics

17%

2000: < 2GWh

2016: 78 GWh

Electronic devices

40%

Auto, E-bus Excl. China

13%

Auto, E-bus China 30%

Industrial, ESS 6%

Others 11%

2016: AVICENNE Estimation


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LI-ION IN 2016 - MAIN APPLICATIONS CAGR 2006/2016


Cell: +15,5% per year in value

Pack: +16% per year in value

8 Source: AVICENNE Energy 2017

-

5 000

10 000

15 000

20 000

25 000

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

200

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

12

01

22

01

32

01

42

01

52

01

6

M$

Li-ion cells

M$, Worldwide, 2000-2016

Others

Industrial,ESS

Auto, E-busChina


Electronicdevices -

5 000

10 000

15 000

20 000

25 000

30 000

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

200

92

01

02

01

12

01

22

01

32

01

42

01

52

01

6

M$

Li-ion Packs M$, Worldwide, 2000-2016

Others: medical devices, power tools, gardening tools, e-bikes…

+78 000 MWh - 20 600 M$ (1)

5 675 M small cells

2016: AVICENNE Estimation


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LIB: THE BIGGEST PART OF THE COST

IS RAW MATERIALS RAW MATERIALS ACCOUNT FOR 50 TO 70% OF LIB CELLS BUSINESS

RAW MATERIAL COST IMPACT DRASTICALY ON THE BATTERY MAKERS PROFIT

9

Note: Average mix of cylindrical, prismatic & laminate cells

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%P

rod

uct

ion

co

st

LIB Cost structure for TESLA & 40 Ah EV pouch cell NMC

Operating profit

Proces Yield

Depreciation

SGA, overhead

R&D

Utility

Labor

Material

Cathode cost 22%

Anode cost 6%

Electrolyte 6%

Separator 7% Other

materials 11%

Depreciation 14%

Direct labor 4%

Energy, utilities

4%

R&D 6%

Sales & Adm 3%

Overheads 3%

Warranty 3%

Margin 7%

Cell Process Yield, Scraps

4%

Average cost structure of Li-ion cell in 2016

Sources: AVICENNE ENERGY 2017


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LI-ION VALUE CHAIN – MARKET DEMAND

10

CATHODE

184 OOO T in 2016

Revenues: 4 B$

CAGR 06/16: +22%

ANODE

>88 000 T

Revenues: 0,9 B$

CAGR 06/16: +12%

ELECTROLYTE

>86 000 T

Revenues: 1,1 B$

CAGR 06/16 : 19%

SEPARATOR

1 300 M m²

Revenues: 1,3 B$

CAGR 06/16 : 18%

CELL

MANUFACTURERS

Revenues:

20,6 B$

Gross margin:

<10%

ANCILLARY

Revenues: 1,3 B$

PACK

MANUFACTURERS

Revenues:

>26,7 B$

Gross margin:

<10%



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11

LIB CATHODE MATERIAL

Cathode raw materials market

LiCoO2 (LCO)

LiMn2O4 (LMO)

LiMPO4(1) (LFP)

Li[NixMnyCoz]O2 - NMC

Li[NixCoyAlz]O2 – NCA Source: SANYO, March 2011

(1) M= Fe or Mn

Source: LME

0

50

100

150

$/k

g

Ni & Co price 2003-2015

Ni

Co

Source: Mitsubishi, Batteries 2012 – Nice ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15


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NEW ENTRANTS ON THE FIELD:

CATHODE ACTIVE

MATERIALS NEEDS Cathode active materials for LIB in Tons, 2000-

2016 (Demand)

(…)

LEADERS:

39 307

47 556

15 918 15 668

65 709

-

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

16

Ton

s LFP

LMO

NCA

NMC

LCO

Rationales

In 2016, LCO is used in pouch cells for electronic devices: smartphones, tablets, ultra thin portable PCs

NMC is used in other electronic devices & xEV

NCA is used by 18650 Panasonic cells in Tesla cars and as a blend with LMO in other xEV

LMO is mostly used as a blend with NMC in xEV

LFP is used in xEV, e-buses in China and for industrial applications

12 Sources: AVICENNE ENERGY 2017


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CATHODE ACTIVE MATERIAL

FORECASTS 2000-2025 Cathode active materials

2000-2025 - Tons

Cathode active materials in 2016

> 180 000 Tons

13

ASSUMPTIONS:

Portable devices: 2015-2025: +6% per year in volume

HEV: 4,8 M HEV/year in 2020 - 35% LIB, 6,8 M HEV in 2025 90% LIB

P-HEV: 0,4 M P-HEV/year + 0,5 M in China in 2020, 0,6 M in 2025 + 1M in China, 100% LIB

EV: 0,6 M EV/year in 2020 + 1M in China, 1M/year + 1,5 M in China in 2025, 100% LIB

Industrial & stationary: 2015-2025: +16% per year

Assumption: Tesla keep NCA chemistry and have a relative success (200 000 EV sold per year in 2025 – TESLA forecast 500 000)

LCO 21%

NMC 26% NCA

9% LMO 8%

LFP 36%

Cathode active materials in 2025

400 000 Tons

LCO 16%

NMC 41%

NCA 10%

LMO 9%

LFP 24% 0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

-

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

300 000

350 000

400 000

450 000

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Ton

s

LCO NMC NCA LMO LFP China (%)



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0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

20

20

25

% o

f th

e G

lob

al p

rod

uct

ion

Ton

s

Nickel Lithium

14

METAL NEEDS FOR RECHARGEABLE

BATTERY WILL INCREASE RAPIDLY Cobalt

0,0%

1,0%

2,0%

3,0%

4,0%

5,0%

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

20

20

25

% o

f th

e G

lob

al p

rod

uct

ion

Ton

s 0,0%

10,0%

20,0%

30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

60,0%

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

20

20

25

% o

f th

e G

lob

al p

rod

uct

ion

Ton

s (L

CE)



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BATTERY MARKET FORECASTS

2016-2025

Portable PCs, net-book, Ultra-book Cellular Phones, Smart-phones Tablets Camcorders Cordless Tools, Gardening tools Digital Camera Games, MP3 Cordless Phones Shavers, Toothbrush, RC Cars E-bikes Power tools Security lighting Vehicles: HEV, P-HEV, EV Industrial motive (forklift) Industrial stationary (UPS, Telecom) Medical Energy Storage (Small / large)

Applications covered Parameters analysis

15

Main segment trends

Power need trends (volume, weight, capacity, running time)

Penetration rate for each Chemistry, each form factor,

2016 -2025 Forecasts

OEM strategies and positions

Main drivers & limiters


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2025 LIB FORECASTS FOR PORTABLE

ELECTRONIC DEVICES

2000-2025 LIB market, MWh, by

application (3C)

2000-2025 LIB market, M cells,

by form factor (3C)

16

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

M c

ells

/yea

r

Li-P Li-ion Pr

Li-ion Cyl Takeshita - March 2013 (1)

(1) Source: Takeshita, Battery Japan 2013 BJ-3 conference Slide p 4 Source: AVICENNE ENERGY Analyses 2017

CAGR 16-25: + 6%

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

MW

h

Otherr PortableElectronics

Tablets

Portable PCs

Cellular Phones


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HEV WORLDWIDE IN 2016

1,8 M HEV

HEV sold per year, M units, worldwide,

2000 - 2016

Penetration of hybrids in the global sales,

2000-2016

17 Source: TOYOTA, HONDA, NISSAN, FORD, GM, HYUNDAI, MERCEDES, GM, BMW, VW, PORSCHE… Compilation AVICENNE ENERGY - Micro hybrid not included

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

2,0

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Mill

ion

TOYOTA OTHERS

USA

JAPON

EUROPE 0%

10%

20%

30%

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16P

enet

rati

on

of

HEV

Growth 2014-2015: +2% From 1,8 M to 1,84 M HEV

Gazoline price impact on HEV market in

the US

0

1

2

3

4

0

200000

400000

600000

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

Gas

olin

e $

/ G

allo

n

HEV

sal

es p

er y

ear


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PHEV SOLD WORLDWIDE

World excl. China growth +14%

Chinese Growth + 21%

China is leading the P-HEV

market thanks to high incentives

18 Source: AVICENNE ENERGY Analysis, 2017

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

P-H

EV (

un

its)

OTHERS CHINA

SAIC

BYD

OTHERS

AUDI

PORSCHE

HYUNDAI

VOLVO

DAIMLER

BMW

HONDA

MITSUBISHI

VW

FORD

TOYOTA

GM

+16%

US 24%

JAPAN 2%

EUROPE 39%

CHINA 29%

Others 6%

USA

Japan

Europe

China

Others

-

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

100 000

120 000

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

P-H

EV (

un

its)


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EV SOLD WORLDWIDE

World excl. China growth +15%

Chinese Growth + 68%

China is leading the EV market

thanks to high incentives

19 Source: AVICENNE ENERGY Analysis, 2017

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

P-H

EV (

un

its)

Other ChinaGACDongFeng NissanChanaJMCCHERYJACGeelyBAICZhidouZotyeKandiBYDOthersBOLLOREPSAHondaMITSUBISHIDAIMLERGMFordKIAVWSMARTBMW

+38%

US 15%

JAPAN 3%

EUROPE 21%

CHINA 55%

Others 6%

USA

Japan

Europe

China

Others

-

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

300 000

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

P-H

EV (

un

its)


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20

LIB MANUFACTURING INVESTMENTS 2009-2015

10-12 B$ WORLDWIDE >50 GWh invest from 2011 to 2014)

> 7 B$ invested from 2014 to 2017 by TESLA (5), BYD (1,2), ATL (1)

TESLA Plant, Nevada, Feb 2015

Source: AVICENNE ENERGY Analyses 2017

TESLA GIGA FACTORY, Dec 2016

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

PANASONIC

NISSAN Motor US

Sony

BYD

LG Chem

JCI

A123

Sanyo

Ener1

Nissan-Renault (Fr)

Dow Kokam

GS YUASA

SB Limotive

Hitachi Vehicle Energy

Lithium Energy Japan

Rusnano-Thunder Sky

LG Chem

Nissan - Renault (UK)

Toshiba

Blue Energy

Nissan-Renault (Port)

Lishen

BAK

SAFT US

SAFT

Hitachi Vehicle Energy

AESC Japon

NEC Tokin

Mitsubishi H.I.

SK Energy

Panasonic EV

LiTec GmbH

TESLA (2014-2017)

BYD (2013 - 2015)

ATL (2014 - 2017)

M$

Total Investment (M$) made for LIB manufacturing

(Invest end 2016)

Average 2012-2014 Investments: 250 $ / kWh

2014 – 2017 TESLA, ATL, BYD

Investments: 150 $ / kWh


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TIME TO MARKET FOR NEW MATERIALS

IN LIB INDUSTRY

The research and development in this industry is very long and time consuming. Time to market to commercialize a new material is long. Remember that the first Li-ion battery was launched by Sony in 1991 with LCO cathode, graphite, LiPF6 electrolyte & polyolefin membrane. It was 20 years ago. LTO was invented by Matsushita in 1993 (22 years ago) Lithium iron phosphate was invented in 1995 (20 years ago). So, it takes between 10 & 20 years to commercialize a new material in the battery industry.

21


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TIME TO MARKET FOR NEW MATERIALS

22 Source: AVICENNE ENERGY 2016


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SAFETY ISSUES

23

Li-ion and LMP are not thermally stable what raises serious safety concerns

Source: AVICENNE ENERGY 2016

Safety is a sine-qua-non selection criteria for batteries. The lithium ion

technologies that win will win partly on their safety argument, possibly

sacrificing some energy density.


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LIB BATTERY COST

Raw material cost (Co, Mn, Ni, Al, Cu, …) Anode, cathode, Electrolyte , separator, binders, Cu & Al foil, etc… cost structure :

CAPEX, labor cost, R&D Marketing, Adm, Overhead, margin)

Raw material needs / mAh Electrode process Yield Assembly Process Yield Cell manufacturing cost Module manufacturing cost Pack assembly cost …

Costs analysis Battery price in 2016

$/kWh

24

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

LIB18650

cell

LIB EVCell

LIB packfor EV

LIB HEVcell

LIB packfor HEV



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LI-ION BATTERY COST

2015-2025 LIB cell average cost (40 Ah pouch)

(EV design ; NMC cathode)

LI-ION BATTERY PACK COST FOR

EV

25 * For Production > 100 000 packs/year

(1) Active materials only

2020 2025 2015

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Ce

ll

Pac

k

Ce

ll

Pac

k

Ce

ll

Pac

k

$ /

kW

h

Pack Cost

CellManufacturing

Other Materials

Separator

Electrolyte

Anode

Cathode0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

2010 2015 2020 2025

$ /

kW

h

Margin

Warranty

Overheads

Sales & Adm

R&D

Energy, utilities

Direct laborDepreciation

Scraps

Others

Separator

Electrolyte

Anode (1)

Cathode (1)



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HEV FORECASTS

2000-2020

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

20

20

25H

EV p

enet

rati

on

(%

of

tota

l car

sal

es)

USA EUROPE JAPAN

OTHERS WORLD

HEV MARKET: <2 M units in 2016 – 2,5 M in 2020 – 3,3 M in 2025

26

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Mill

ion

USA EUROPE JAPAN OTHERS

Micro hybrid not included



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0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

2010 2015 2020 2025

Mill

ion

car

s

E-Bus Others

E-Bus China

EV in China

P-HEV in China

EV

P-HEV

EV, P-HEV, EV 2025 FORECASTS

2016 forecasts: HEV, P-HEV & EV market forecasts up to 2025

27 Source: AVICENNE ENERGY Analyses 2017

Thanks to very high incentives, China change the game

0,9 1,8

2,5 3,3

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2010 2015 2020 2025

Mill

ion

car

s

E-Bus Others

E-Bus China

EV in China

P-HEV in China

EV

P-HEV

HEV

HEV, PHEV, EV & E-Bus PHEV, EV & E-Bus

0,69

1,6

3,1


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TOTAL BATTERY DEMAND FOR XEV

2025 FORECASTS Li-ion for E-Buses, EV, HEV & P-HEV

Battery needs (MWh)

CAGR 2016-2025: +14%

Li-ion for E-Buses, EV, HEV & P-HEV

Battery needs (M$)

CAGR 2016-2025: +8%

28

-

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

100 000

120 000

2010 2015 2020 2025

M W

h

12-48 volts SLI HEV PHEV

EV EV & PHEV China E-bus China

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

2010 2015 2020 2025

M $

12-48 volts SLI HEV PHEV

EV EV & PHEV China E-bus China



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LI-ION BATTERY MARKET FORECASTS

29


Source: AVICENNE Energy 2016

From 78 GWh in 2016 to

210 GWh

CAGR 2016/2025


-

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

M W

h

Li-ion Battery sales, MWh, Worldwide, 2000-2015

Others

Industrial,ESS

Auto, E-busChina


Electronicdevices

2016: 78 GWh

2025: 210 GWh

Electronic devices

40%


13%


Industrial, ESS 6% Others

11%

Electronic devices

26%


15%


Industrial, ESS 8%

Others 16%

16%

17%

18%

13%

6%

CAGR 15/25


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LI-ION BATTERY MARKET FORECASTS CAGR 2016/2025 +13 % per year in Volume

Cell: +7% per year in value

Pack: +8% per year in value

30 Source: AVICENNE Energy 2016

-

5 000

10 000

15 000

20 000

25 000

30 000

35 000

40 000

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

2025

M$

Li-ion cells M$, Worldwide, 2000-2025

Others

Industrial,ESS

Auto, E-bus China

Auto, e-bus Excl.ChinaElectronicdevices

-

5 000

10 000

15 000

20 000

25 000

30 000

35 000

40 000

45 000

50 000

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

20

20

25

M$

Li-ion Packs M$, Worldwide, 2000-2025


11%

11%

12%

8%

0%

CAGR 15/25


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rechargeables




TAKEAWAYS

31

Others: Automatic handling equipment, forklifts, back-up, UPS, Telecom, medical devices, Residential ESS, Grid ESS, …

Li-ion battery is driven today Automotive & Industrial applications

In 2012, most of the car makers (except Toyota) switch to Li-ion for HEV

P-HEV, EV and E-buses will be powered by Li-ion: 11 B$ market in 2016 - 17 B$ in 2020 & 22 B$ in 2025 with high numbers in China (2016: US$ 2,8 Billion for xEV and US$ 3,7 Billion for xE-Buses)

EV expectations attract large Chemical companies

New materials are needed to meet Automotive standards

HEV will account for less than 3% of the auto sales in 2020

P-HEV & EV < 2% by 2020

Micro-hybrid will achieve >50% in 2020/25

Lead acid battery will be the first market in 2025 in volume, but Li-ion market will be higher than Lead acid from 2020.

A very small EV market in the automotive world will represent a huge market for batteries

New LIB applications: UPS, Telecom, Forklift, Medical, Residential ESS, Grid ESS: CAGR > 10% in the next 15 years

ESS will reach 10 Billion $ market at the pack level in the next 5 years

ESS market could be much more important if the price of LIB at the system level is under 150 $/kWh

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY MARKET

WORLDWIDE 2000-2025

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

MW

h

Others

LIB

NiMH

NiCd

Lead Acid

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025Lead Acid (+3%) NiCd (-6%)NiMH (-7%) LIB for 3C (+0%)LIB for xEV (+10%) LIB for Others* (+10%)

25B$ 30B$

61 B$

80 B$

> 95 B$

210 GWh

270 GWh

475 GWh

610 GWh

16

10

44

(CAGR 2016-2025)

22

(Pack level) 2,8

43B$

350 GWh

Battery Market 2010-2025

CAGR = +5% / Li-ion>+8%


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THANK YOU

Christophe PILLOT

AVICENNE ENERGY

[email protected]

Phone: +33 1 47 78 46 00

Mobile: + 33 6 88 82 79 49

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Evolution du marché mondial des batteries rechargeables · Evolution du marché mondial des batteries rechargeables ... • The rechargeable battery market in 2016 ... THE WORLDWIDE