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Evidence of the Big Bang Theory
What is the Big Bang Theory?
The theory that says that the universe began with a super-powerful explosion
about 10-15 billion years ago.
What is a Red Shift?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhfnqboacV0
Be ready to take notes!Be ready to take notes!
What is a Red Shift?
Does red or blue light have a longer wavelength? Circle One:
Red Light Blue Light
How is an object moving if it is blue-shifted?
It is moving towards Earth.
How is an object moving if it is red-shifted?
It is moving away from Earth.
Do galaxies farthest away move slower or faster than those that are closer?
Hubble’s Expanding Universe /Red Shifts / Big
Bang Theoryhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVApTLE7Csc
Be ready to take notes!
Hubble’s Expanding Universe /Red Shifts / Big Bang Theory
Who discovered that the Milky Way is not the only galaxy in our Universe?
Edwin HubbleWhen do scientists think our Universe began?
Between 10 and 20 billion years ago.What year was the Hubble telescope put into orbit?
What advantage does the Hubble telescope have over telescopes on Earth?
Hubble Ultra Deep Field 3D
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAVjF_7ensg
Be ready to take notes!
Hubble Ultra Deep Field 3D
What did the telescope find after viewing a black sky for 10 days?
What was one difference with the telescope the second time they pointed it at a black area in space?
Technology is defined as the use of knowledge gained through science to make new products or tools people can use. What role does technology have in science?
Is there other evidence?Is there other evidence?
Scientists have found leftover cosmic Scientists have found leftover cosmic radiation in the form of microwaves that radiation in the form of microwaves that has been around since the big bang has been around since the big bang explosion.explosion.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfhRgh1aqQkv=AfhRgh1aqQk
Sun and Stars
Brain ThinkersBrain Thinkers
Compare our sun to other stars in the sky.
The sun plays a major role in our lives as humans. Describe some situations where the sun helps us as humans, with our community, and our way of living.
What is our Sun?What is our Sun?
Our sun is a medium-sized star near the edge of a disc-shaped galaxy of stars. The sun is many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star.
Characteristics of StarsCharacteristics of Stars
The Sun is an The Sun is an averageaverage star: star:It’s not the hottest or It’s not the hottest or coolest.coolest.It’s not largest or It’s not largest or smallestsmallest..
We can compare stars by We can compare stars by colorcolor, , temperaturetemperature, , sizesize, , luminosityluminosity and and spectrumspectrum..
Color and TemperatureColor and TemperatureColor:Stars range in color from red, orange, yellow, Stars range in color from red, orange, yellow,
white, to blue.white, to blue.
Red ----------- Yellow (Red ----------- Yellow (SunSun) ----------- > Blue) ----------- > Blue
Temperature:Stars range in temperature from 2000Stars range in temperature from 2000ooC--50 000C--50 000ooC.C.
2 0002 000ooC ---------5 000C ---------5 000ooC (C (SunSun)--------- > 50 000)--------- > 50 000ooCC
Color and TemperatureColor and Temperature
Color and temperature are linked.Color and temperature are linked.
The The 3,0003,000ooCC stars are stars are redred in color. in color.
The The 50,00050,000ooCC stars are stars are blueblue in color. in color.
Color and TemperatureColor and TemperatureColor Temp. Range
(oC)Examples
Blue 25000 – 50 000 Zeta OrionisZeta Orionis
Bluish-white 11 000 – 25 00011 000 – 25 000 Rigel, SpicaRigel, Spica
White 7 500 - 11 0007 500 - 11 000 Vega, SiriusVega, Sirius
Yellowish-white 6 000 - 7 5006 000 - 7 500 Polaris, ProcyonPolaris, Procyon
Yellow 5 000 - 6 0005 000 - 6 000 Sun, Alpha CentauriSun, Alpha Centauri
Orange 3 500 - 5 0003 500 - 5 000 Arcturus, AldebaranArcturus, Aldebaran
Red 2 000 - 3 5002 000 - 3 500 Betelgeuse, Betelgeuse, AntaresAntares
Luminosity is related to the distance from the earth and the brightness of the star
LuminosityLuminosity
Apparent Apparent MagnitudeMagnitude – refers to the – refers to the brightnessbrightness of a star as it of a star as it appearsappears to us. to us.
AbsoluteAbsolute Magnitude Magnitude – refers to the – refers to the actualactual amount of amount of lightlight given off by a star at a given off by a star at a standardstandard distance. distance.
SpectrumSpectrum
SpectroscopeSpectroscope:: Used to measure the Used to measure the chemicalchemical composition of the stars. (also composition of the stars. (also temperaturetemperature and and directiondirection the star is moving in relation to the star is moving in relation to the Earth.)the Earth.)
How? Set up a spectroscope with different How? Set up a spectroscope with different tubes; each gas has different spectras – light tubes; each gas has different spectras – light patterns.patterns.
QuestionsQuestions1.1. How is the color of a star related to its How is the color of a star related to its
temperature?temperature?The color of a star depends on its temperature, The color of a star depends on its temperature,
from red and orange (cool stars) to yellow and from red and orange (cool stars) to yellow and white (hotter stars) to blue (very hot stars).white (hotter stars) to blue (very hot stars).
2. 2. Explain why a cooler star could actually Explain why a cooler star could actually appear brighter than a hotter star.appear brighter than a hotter star.
A cool star, such as a red giant, could be either A cool star, such as a red giant, could be either closer to us or much larger than a hotter star, closer to us or much larger than a hotter star, such as a white dwarf. (Could be closer and such as a white dwarf. (Could be closer and larger)larger)
