*every map projection stretches or breaks the curved surface of Earth in some way as it is flattened *distance, direction, shape, or area may be distorted *Describe the negative and positive attributes of the following maps: 1. Physical Maps show topography (shape) of earths physical features 2. Political Maps show boundaries between countries WE WILL TAKE A CLOSER LOOK AT DIFFERENT GENERAL AND SPECIAL PURPOSE MAPS LATER ON. The acronym TODALSIGSs defines nine essential elements to help map users get the most information from a map. -first thing you should look at -refers to directions -shown by compass rose (Or Star) *cardinal directions = N, S, E, & W * intermediate directions = NW, NE, SW, & SE -date helps us judge accuracy of the map -date usually down here too -list that explains symbols in the map -shows relationship between map measurements and actual distances -alphabetical list of places shown on a gridded map or set of maps (gives addresses of places listed) -set of intersecting lines (parallels and meridians) -used if information not obtained by direct experience or observation -identifies places or features that border the area depicted on a map If you were looking at a map of the US, you would see Canada and Mexico labeled, but you may not see any detail at all. 1. small scale maps -large area with little/small detail 2. large scale maps -small area with great/large detail