EVERGREEN STATE SurveyorEVERGREEN STATE Surveyor Serving the surveying community in Washington Land Surveyors’ Association of Washington Spring 2016 FROM THE PRESIDENT John Christensen

EVERGREEN STATE Surveyor

Serving the surveying community in Washington

Spring 2016Land Surveyors’ Association of Washington

FROM THE PRESIDENT John Christensen talks about his

beginnings with LSAW >>> page 3

YOUNG SURVEYORS Enthusiasm and momentum at FIG YS

the Young Surveyors Network. >>> page 17

LOBBYDAY

Discussing current survey legislative issues >>> page 15

WORKING HARD TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE >>> page 3

Portland | (800) 247-1927

Seattle | (800) 558-5368

E v e r g r e e n S t a t e S u r v e y o r | S p r i n g 2 0 1 6

2

https://theppigroup.com/

E ight years ago, I

made a decis ion to

get involved with

LSAW. At that t ime, my idea

of involved was to attend my

local South Centra l Chapter

meet ings. Back then, I had

no idea that want ing to

attend these chapter meet-

ings would lead me to where

I am now. I t i s an honor and

a pr iv i lege to be here in this

posit ion ser v ing LSAW. I

want to thank you a l l for this

oppor tunit y to ser ve as the

2016 pres ident .

T h e c o n f e r e n c e , W O W ! A s

a l w a y s , t h e c o n f e r e n c e

c o m m i t t e e h a s d o n e a n

e x c e p t i o n a l j o b. I w a n t t o

thank them for their hard work,

commitment, and dedicat ion.

T H A N K Y O U C O N F E R E N C E

COMMIT TEE. I hope ever yone

g o t a c h a n c e t o e n j o y t h e

c o n f e r e n c e , g e t o u r n e e d e d

p r o f e s s i o n a l d e v e l o p m e n t

h o u r s , a n d s p e n d s o m e t i m e

c atc h i n g u p w i t h o l d f r i e n d s

and col leagues.

I wo u l d l i k e t o c o n g r a t u l a t e

o u r “ S u r v e y o r o f t h e Ye a r ”

Carla Meritt and our “Associate

o f t h e Ye a r ” K a r e n S c h a u s s .

They are both deser ving of the

t i t l e s fo r t h e i r co n t r i b u t i o n s

to the sur veying profess ion.

A c o u p l e w e e k s a f t e r o u r

c o n f e r e n c e , I w a s a b l e t o

a t t e n d t h e M A P P S / N S P S

C o n f e r e n c e i n C r y s t a l C i t y ,

VA. I t inc luded meet ings and

Capitol Hi l l Day. I k new it was

going to be interesting when I

showed up at the registrat ion

d e s k a r o u n d 4 : 0 0 p . m . o n

Tuesday and there was ta lk of

the Metro shutt ing down the

d a y, w e n e e d e d t o u s e i t t o

get to Capitol H i l l . I t d id shut

down but we were able make

i t there in vans but the t raf f ic

was a l i t t le s low. I am glad I

got the oppor tunit y to go. I

real ly enjoyed being involved

a n d s e e i n g h ow t h i n g s wo r k

o n t h e n a t i o n a l l e v e l . T h e r e

were 8 meetings scheduled for

us between 9:00 a.m. and 5:30

p.m. that day. Luck i ly, we had

enough people that we were

able to break into t wo teams.

Hail ing a taxi around 6:00 p.m.

wa s n o t a s e a s y a s I t h o u g ht

i t would be. There were a lot

o f o t h e r p e o p l e d o i n g t h e

same thing with the Metro not

r u n n i n g. We d i d f i n a l l y g e t

o n e a n d m a d e i t b a c k to t h e

hotel . What an exper ience.

We h a v e m a n y c o m m i t t e e s ’

that are work ing hard to make

a difference for LSAW. I would

l i k e to e n co u ra g e t h o s e w h o

may be interested in helping

to come for ward.

I l o o k fo r w a rd t o s e r v i n g a s

your State Pres ident .

WORKING HARD TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE by John Christensen


3FROM THE PRESIDENT

3 PRESIDENT’S LET TER Pres ident John Chr istensen ta lks about the conference and his t ransi t ion f rom member to

Pres ident .

5 LET TER FROM THE EDITOR

A note f rom Chr is Royak Editor of ESS.

6-7 HELPING TO CLEAR UP THE RULE PROCESS George Twiss helps us to understand the rule process.

8-10 BUSINESS Scott Edwards, PLS, CFedS, MBA, gives us his perspec t ive of the business s ide of sur veying.

12-14 THE SAVVY SURVEYOR The Wor lds Worst Par t y Chief.

15-16 LOBBY DAY Read what Amanda Ask ren has to say about Lobby Day on the H i l l .

17-18 YOUNG SURVEYORS Young sur veyors are out there and need your mentorship.

19-22 SAFET Y G iant Hogweed and what you need to k now.

23-27 FOR THE TECHNICIAN James Coan, PLS, gives us a refresher on ver t ica l cur ves.

28-29 ANNOUNCEMENTS Congratulat ions and upcoming events.

30-31 MEET THE TEAM Read about the editors who contr ibuted to this publ icat ion

32 BOARD OF TRUSTEES Photos and t i t les of the Board of Trustees

33 THANK YOU LSAW would l ike to say Thank You!


4 TABLE OF CONTENTS


5LETTER FROM THE EDITOR

A nother, in my opinion, successful LSAW Conference has come

and gone. Hopeful ly you were one of the many attendees who

were able to be there to exper ience i t for yoursel f. The speak-

ers were ver y good, the food was tast y (cotton candy?) , the vendors

were generous with their suppor t , awards and scholarships were

handed out to some ver y deser ving sur veyors and students (congrat-

ulat ions to you a l l ) , M ike McEvi l ly handed over the gavel and Vest

of K nowledge to our new State Pres ident , John Chr istensen, and I

received many comments and compl iments on the previous issue of the Evergreen State

Sur veyor.

As with putt ing on the conference, publ ishing this quar ter ly edit ion is a huge team effor t . A

lot of t ime and ef for t goes into researching interest ing and re levant topics and stor ies that

we hope you, our readers, wi l l enjoy and discuss. Our content editors are a lways interested

in receiv ing feedback on their stor ies, and are open to quest ions about these and\or future

topics of interest . P lease seek them out , should you have an oppor tunit y to do so. Also, the

team at AMI does a great job of mak ing sure that the presentat ion of the publ icat ion is the

f inest i t can be. Formatt ing stor ies and ar t work so that the magazine f lows f rom beginning

to end, seamless ly. We’re not per fec t , but we’re t r y ing to make incremental improvements

with each and ever y issue.

I welcome your quest ions and comments as wel l .

Enjoy,

Chr is Royak , PLS

ESS Editor I n Chief

T h e l a w s o f t h e s t a t e , e n a c t e d i n t h e R e v i s e d C o d e o f

Wa s h i n g to n ( R C W ) , a re c re a te d by t h e e l e c te d m e m b e r s o f

the state legis lature. General ly speak ing, laws def ine intent ,

def in ing charac ter ist ics and scope of author i t y.

by George Twiss, PLS ( WA & OR)

M any inc lude an ass ignment for what state agenc y has pr imar y responsibi l i t y to administer

the law. That ass ignment usual ly de legates to an agenc y, the respons ib i l i t y to adopt ru les

to “a d m i n i s te r t h e c h a p te r ”. Th e r u l e s a d o p te d by a n a g e n c y o r B o a rd, i n t h e Wa s h i n g to n

Administrative Code ( WAC), are designed to take the authority created by the legislature and put,

for lack of a better descr ipt ion, operat ional detai ls so the language of a law can be understood

by c i t izens and consistent ly administered by the ass igned agenc y.

W h i l e wo r k i n g fo r t h e B o a rd o f R e g i s t r a t i o n I w a s i nvo l ve d i n m a ny r u l e m a k i n g p ro j e c t s ,

p r i m a r i l y a s a f a c i l i t ato r o f n e w B o a rd r u l e d e ve l o p m e nt , b u t a l s o a s a co nt r i b u to r to r u l e s

being cons idered by other agencies. M y exper iences over those years of ten revealed some

misunderstanding amongst stakeholders and the publ ic of how the rule development process

is administered. Today I wi l l hopeful ly make the process, that i s so v i ta l to have input f rom

stakeholders, a b i t less confusing.

Under procedures establ ished by the O ff ice of the Code R eviser, the ru le mak ing process i s

typical ly a three step process. Each step requires advance public notice by the adopting agenc y

to stakeholders and the general publ ic .

Step one: CR-101 Preproposal Statement of I nquir y. I n this step, the agenc y ser ves not ice of

their intent ion to consider ru lemak ing. I n th is f i l ing, the general reason and scope for ru le

development is def ined. Whi le speci f ic ru le language may be shown, i t i s not a requirement.

Occas ional ly, even when a CR-101 is f i led, no rulemak ing is completed for a var iet y of reasons.

However, i f rulemak ing is pursued, the next step can only be commenced 30 days or more, later.

Step two: CR-102 Proposed Rule Mak ing. I t i s at this point when the agenc y gives notice of the

ac tual ru le language proposed, e i ther for a new rule or amending an exist ing one. This i s a lso

when the agenc y sets out a schedule for publ ic comment. For rules considered by the Board, i t

i s their prac t ice to hold several meet ings/workshops around the state to enable a stakeholder

eas ier oppor tunit y to attend these events and give comments. Also, at th is t ime, the Board

invites individuals and organizat ions to submit wr itten comments via emai l (v ia Board website)

or in wr i t ing. Al l of th is input helps the process to a successful result .


6 HELPING TO CLEAR UP THE RULE PROCESS

The c ycle of draf t rule, publ ic comment, rule revis ions etc. , can be lengthy. I t has always been

seen as more impor tant to take whatever t ime that i s needed, instead of t r y ing to adopt a

rule too prematurely. When a l l draf ts to a rule have been considered, the agenc y wi l l hold a

public hear ing to take action for or against the rule. This hear ing is the f inal step in the public

comment period. I f the rule is not adopted, the agency may choose to not continue any fur ther

work on that rule or may restar t the process and repeat the draft and public comment process.

Step three: CR-103 Rule Mak ing Order. I f the agenc y or Board adopts the rule at the hear ing,

t h e n e x t s te p i s to f i l e t h e C R - 1 0 3 . Th i s , a g a i n , i s ‘p u b l i c n o t i ce’ o f t h e a g e n c y a c t i o n o f

ru le adoption. The adopted rule wi l l then become ef fec t ive 31 days later, unless other wise

expla ined.

M a ny o f yo u a re awa re o f o n g o i n g r u l e m a k i n g by t h e B o a rd. Th e s e p ro p o s e d r u l e s we re

o r i g i n a l l y c o n c e i v e d t o p r o v i d e c l a r i f y i n g d e f i n i t i o n s t o t h e s c o p e o f l a n d s u r v e y i n g a s

or iginal ly def ined by the legis lature in 1947. The proposal has been worked on by many over

three years. The proposal i s s t i l l under considerat ion and, as of th is wr i t ing, there remains

oppor tunit y to provide input through the Board ’s website : http://w w w.dol .wa.gov/business/

engineers landsur veyors/rulemak ing.html

Rulemak ing i s des igned to be a publ ic process . Agencies must fo l low prescr ibed steps to

ensure ; adequate not ice is provided to stakeholders, and; fa i r oppor tunit y is made avai lable

to par t ic ipate in the process . Take an ac t ive ro le , e i ther as an indiv idual or through your

chapter meet ings, to let your ideas be k nown.


7

http://www.dol.wa.gov/business/engineerslandsurveyors/rulemaking.html

http://www.dol.wa.gov/business/engineerslandsurveyors/rulemaking.html

http://surv-kap.com

HOW TO VALUE YOUR SERVICESBy Scott Edwards, PLS, CFeds, MBA

accordingly.

You have your sa lar y to cover

a n d t h a t o f a n y e m p l o y e e s .

D o n’t fo rg e t e m p l oye e t a xe s

a n d b e n e f i t s f o r e v e r y o n e ,

i n c l u d i n g yo u r s e l f. Yo u m ay

h a v e r e n t o n o f f i c e s p a c e ,

t h e r e a r e v e h i c l e s , s u r v e y

e q u i p m e n t a n d s o f t w a r e

t o b u y a n d m a i n t a i n . Yo u

w i l l l i k e l y w a n t i n s u r a n c e ,

i n c l u d i n g e r r o r s a n d

o m i s s i o n s , g e n e r a l l i a b i l i t y,

automobile, health, disabi l i ty,

l i f e , d e n t a l , e y e s i g h t , a n d

m a y b e a fe w o t h e r t y p e s t o

p a y f o r. I t i s a g o o d i d e a

t o p a y f o r p r o f e s s i o n a l

s e r v i c e s s u c h a s a l a w y e r

o r a n a c c o u n t a n t . K e e p i n g

y o u r l i c e n s e u p t o d a t e a n d

co n t i n u i n g e d u c a t i o n a re a l l

par t of your overal l expenses.

M aybe a bi t of vacat ion t ime

wo u l d b e n i c e , t o k e e p yo u r

sanit y. Then there are a lways

business and income taxes to

b e p a i d . T h e l i s t c a n g o o n

and on. The impor tant point

is look at ever ything you need

t o s p e n d m o n e y o n t o r u n

your business. Then look at i t

again . Reexamine your costs

o f t e n . T h e y o f t e n c h a n g e

throughout the year, and from

year to year.

Yo u n e e d t o h a v e a f i r m

u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f y o u r

e x p e n s e s a n d d e s i r e d p r o f i t

m a r g i n b e f o r e e s t a b l i s h i n g

any rates. Figure out what are

your f ixed costs . Fixed costs

are any expenses that you wil l

have to pay, no matter what .

T h e s e a r e t h i n g s l i k e l o a n s ,

re n t , i n s u r a n ce a n d t h e l i k e .

T h e n t h e r e a r e c o s t s k n o w n

as var iable costs. These could

be wages for your produc t ion

s t a f f, f u e l fo r t h e s u r ve y r i g ,

p a p e r f o r t h e p l o t t e r, o r a

whole host of i tems that only

a c c u m u l a t e w h e n a c t u a l l y

work ing on a projec t . Get an

i d e a o f w h a t y o u n e e d , n o t

only to sur vive, but to thr ive.

W hen ask ing a group

of sur veyors, what

is the most impor-

tant equat ion they use, I

of ten get answers such as

the Pythagorean Theorem, or

maybe some other equat ion

used in sur vey re lated cal -

culat ions. These are a l l ver y

impor tant , but the one that

would put me out of busi -

ness quick ly, i f I cont inual ly

got a negat ive number, i s the

bas ic prof i t / loss equat ion.

B i l l ings - Expenses = Prof i t .

I a m n o t s a y i n g p u t p r o f i t s

a b o v e a l l e l s e , o r t h a t i t i s

ok ay to cut corners to achieve

g r e a t e r p r o f i t a b i l i t y . B a d

methodology wi l l l ike ly come

b a c k t o b i t e yo u. I t i s m o re

a b o u t k n o w i n g w h a t y o u r

t r u e e x p e n s e s w i l l b e a n d

h o w t o p r i c e y o u r s e r v i c e s

Bad methodology wil l l ikely come back to bite you.

I t i s more about k nowing what your t rue expenses

wi l l be and how to pr ice your ser vices accordingly.


8 BUSINESS

T h e n s t a r t t h i n k i n g a b o u t

your rates. Understanding the

two types of costs real ly helps

in your analys is of what your

rates should be.

O n c e t h e r e i s a g o o d

u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f y o u r

expenses, and you k now your

d e s i r e d p r o f i t m a r g i n , y o u

can star t to f igure out bi l l ing

r a t e s fo r yo u a n d yo u r s t a f f .

Th e re a re m a ny m e t h o d s fo r

c o m i n g u p w i t h y o u r r a t e s .

D e p e n d i n g o n y o u r c l i e n t ,

they may have a method that

they want you to use. As long

as i t as covers your expenses

a n d d e s i r e d p r o f i t m a r g i n , I

w o u l d u s u a l l y b e w i l l i n g t o

wo r k w i t h t h e m . H e re a re a

few methods commonly used:

S o m e f i r m s u s e a “ C o s t

Mult ipl ier ” to their overhead.

M a n y g o v e r n m e n t a g e n c i e s

r e q u i r e t h i s m e t h o d . T h i s

m e t h o d t a k e s y o u o r a n

employee’s hour ly sa lar y and

m u l t i p l i e s by a n e s t a b l i s h e d

o v e r h e a d p l u s p r o f i t f a c t o r.

I t h a s b e e n m y e x p e r i e n c e

t h a t t h a t m u l t i p l i e r s l a n d

somewhere in the 2 .25 – 3 .00

r a n g e . D e p e n d i n g o n y o u r

f i rm’s overhead this could be

h i g h e r o r l o w e r. U s i n g t h i s

m e t h o d i f y o u p a i d a s t a f f

member $20 an hour and used

a 2 .5 mult ipl ier their b i l lable

rate would be $50 an hour.

A n o t h e r m e t h o d i s l o o k i n g

a t w h a t o t h e r s i n t h e a r e a

a r e c h a r g i n g . T h i s w o u l d

g i ve yo u a g o o d fe e l fo r t h e

m a r k e t p l a c e . T h e p r o b l e m

here is your sample s ize may

b e w a y t o o s m a l l o r o t h e r

s u r v e y o r s a r e r e l u c t a n t t o

s h a re t h e i r r a t e s fo r v a r i o u s

re a s o n s . M ay b e yo u l o o k a t

s o m e b o d y w h o s e r a t e s a r e

just too low.

Then there i s the gut feel ing

m e t h o d o f w h a t t h e m a r k e t

w i l l b e a r. T h i s i s n o t v e r y

s c i e n t i f i c o r a c c u r a t e , b u t i t

d o e s w o r k fo r s o m e p e o p l e .

Also, i t may not cover a l l your

e x p e n s e s o r l e a v e y o u w i t h

unpredic table prof i t margins

w h e n i t i s a l l s a i d a n d d o n e.

The one thing to be absolutely

sure of i s , no matter how you

set your rates, you must cover

a l l y o u r e x p e n s e s , w h e t h e r

you planned for them or not ,

and that these rates set you up

for a reasonable profit margin.

E v e n w i t h w e l l - e s t a b l i s h e d

rates, you st i l l may be on the

n e g a t i v e s i d e o f t h e p r o f i t

e q u a t i o n . W h e n e s t i m a t i n g

p r o j e c t s , d o y o u f i g u r e t h e

t r u e t i m e t o c o m p l e t e t h e

indiv idual tasks for a projec t?

S u r e , i t m a y t a k e a c r e w 8

h o u r s t o c o m p l e t e a p ro j e c t

for the day, but i f they spend

8 hours at the job s i te and an

hour dr iv ing to and f rom the

j o b s i t e , y o u a r e p a y i n g t h e

c r e w f o r 1 0 h o u r s o f w o r k .

That would be a 25% increase

in your f ie ld labor costs, just

l i k e t h a t . E s t i m a t e a s w e l l

a s y o u c a n a n d p l a n fo r t h e

unexpec ted.

T h e r e a r e s e v e r a l d i f f e r e n t

w a y s t o e s t a b l i s h w h a t y o u

c h a r g e y o u r c l i e n t f o r y o u r

ser v ices on a speci f ic projec t .

“ F i x e d Fe e ”, a l s o k n o w n a s

“ L u m p S u m ”, i s o n e v e r y

common and s imple method.

Yo u f i g u r e o u t y o u r e f f o r t ,

e x p e c t e d e x p e n s e s , d e s i r e d


9

profit , and tel l your c l ient you

wi l l complete the establ ished

s c o p e o f w o r k f o r a f i x e d

a m o u n t o f d o l l a r s . T h e

advantage of lump sum fees is

there i s potent ia l for greater

p r o f i t i f t h e w o r k e f f o r t i s

less than the budget . Just be

careful that you have enough

i n t h e b u d g e t to a c t u a l l y d o

the job, and that there is not

s c o p e c r e e p. T h e r i s k i s o n

yo u t o g e t t h e p ro j e c t d o n e

w i t h i n t h e b u d g e t . Yo u w i l l

w a n t t o m a n a g e t h e c l i e n t

e x p e c t a t i o n s t h r u w e l l ,

thought out, written contracts

and good communicat ion.

“ T i m e a n d E x p e n s e ” i s a

g o o d w a y t o h a n d l e p r o j e c t

fe e s w h e re t h e s c o p e i s l e s s

d e f i n e d . O f t e n t h e s e c o m e

with a l imit of just how much

the c l ient i s wi l l ing to spend.

I f th is i s the case you have to

stay r ight on top of how much

ef for t i s put into the projec t .

T h e a d v a n t a g e s t o t i m e a n d

expense projec ts are i t g ives

y o u m o r e f l e x i b i l i t y o n h o w

m u c h e f fo r t y o u c a n d e v o t e

t o a p r o j e c t . I f y o u h a v e a

reasonable profit margin built

into your rates, you wi l l l ike ly

receive it . The r isk fal ls on the

c l ient i f a projec t costs more

t h a n e x p e c t e d . M a k e s u r e

y o u c o m m u n i c a t e w e l l w i t h

y o u r c l i e n t . T h e y m a y a l s o

h ave d i f fe re n t i d e a s o f w h a t

const i tutes an hour of labor.

I f they only see your crew for

six hours onsite, and they took

an hour to get l ined out and

dr ive to the s i te and another

hour to drive back to the office

and download their data , you

may have a conf l ic t wi th the

c l ient . Another disadvantage

is, you are l imited to the profit

margin bui l t into your rates.

Yo u c a n c o m b i n e “ T i m e a n d

E x p e n s e ” a n d “ L u m p S u m ”

t o c o m e u p w i t h “ T i m e a n d

E x p e n s e o n a N o t t o E xc e e d

Bas is”. I t r y to l imit th is t ype

o f b i l l i n g b e c a u s e i t l i m i t s

your prof i t potentia l and puts

a l l the r isk on the sur veyor, i f

i t takes longer than expec ted

to complete a projec t . Many

c l i e n t s l o v e t h i s t y p e o f

b i l l ing because they k now in

advanced that the upper l imit

of the budget .

This essay is a pretty simplistic

look at how to establ ish your

r a t e s a n d p r o j e c t f e e s , a n d

c e r t a i n l y i s n o t i n t e n d e d

a s t h e o n l y m e t h o d o l o g y .

M y t a k e a w a y i s , k n o w y o u r

e x p e n s e s , s e t a b i l l i n g r a t e

t h a t c o v e r s y o u r e x p e n s e s

a n d m a k e s yo u a f a i r p ro f i t .

K now your opt ions for b i l l ing

t h e c l i e n t s . E s t i m a t e y o u r

projec ts correc t ly and expec t

the unexpec ted.

I f y o u o v e r v a l u e y o u r w o r k ,

you wi l l l ike ly not get a lot of

b u s i n e s s . I f yo u u n d e r v a l u e

y o u r s e r v i c e s , t h e c l i e n t

values sur veying ser vices less

a n d i t c h e a p e n s t h e w h o l e

profess ion. I t i s a race to the

bottom and we a l l lose. I t i s

n o t o ve r l y h a rd t o f i n d t h a t

sweet spot where your c l ient

v a l u e s y o u r w o r k a n d y o u

m a k e a re a s o n a b l e p ro f i t o f f

t h e s e r v i ce s yo u p rov i d e. I f

you can do that, your business

wi l l l ike ly be a success.

P l e a s e fe e l f re e t o e m a i l m e

w i t h y o u r s u g g e s t i o n s o r

comments.

[email protected]


10 <<< BUSINESS continued

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11

http://geoline.com/

THE WORLDS WORST PARTY CHIEFBy R. Wil l iam Glassey, P.L.S

And al l the s inners sa ints . As heads is ta i ls .

Just ca l l me Luci fer, cause I ’m in need of some

restra int .

Sympathy for the Devi l - Lyr ics by Jagger/Richards

T here ac tual ly i s one indiv idual who “inspired” this ar t ic le ; however, once I began to

wr i te, other t ransgress ions were remembered; some almost fondly. O veral l , th is i s a

compi lat ion of for t y-plus years of bad behavior by sur vey par t y chiefs . I must admit

that I was a par t y chief mysel f for quite a few years, and I have k nown and super vised scores

of others.

Al l of the fol lowing f iascoes ac tual ly happened, as wel l as a few others that I l ike ly can no

longer recal l . Whi le this i s hopeful ly enter ta ining and instruc t ional , and no s ingle par t y chief

i s responsible for a l l these horror stor ies, I must admit there were a few “repeat of fenders”. I

have worked with many interest ing “charac ters” dur ing my career, and of ten wonder i f other

sur veyors have accumulated s imi lar shock ing stor ies ! The t i t le charac ter, you ask? I real ly

bel ieve the t i t le i s fa i r and accurate, and he quite obviously should have chosen another

career. Current whereabouts unk nown, thankful ly, and that ’s best for a l l concerned! •

A cer ta in par t y chief (PC ) once ignored my detai led instruc t ions, and not only accompl ished

none of the above; he spent the ent i re day at a total ly d i f ferent projec t than ass igned.

• I received a cal l f rom an angr y c l ient who repor ted that my crew was playing gol f on

his gol f course, which they were supposed to be sur veying.

• Many data col lec tor SNAFUs! Most commonly : not check ing or proper ly sett ing environ -

mental correc t ions. Also common: wrong pr ism constant . I once had one where the data col -

lec tor myster iously got switched over to angles lef t in the middle of a setup, and the PC in

quest ion could neither expla in how i t happened, nor grasp the ramif icat ions thereof.

• Related, and a lso common: not regular ly check ing or keeping equipment in proper

adjustment. Peg test ing and adjust ing levels , check ing and adjust ing tr ibrachs and rod

bubbles must be done approximately week ly to e insure expec ted c losures.

• Once I commented on

several shor t s ights in a t raverse,


12 THE SAVVY SURVEYOR

and my PC ins isted that shor t s ights were super ior, and that he could turn t ighter angles to

shor t s ights s ince he could see them better. This i s a complete disregard and misunderstand-

ing of sur vey theor y!

• Many PCs re ly far too heavi ly on technology they c lear ly do not understand. Just

because your instrument or data col lec tor gives you a solut ion, does not mean i t ’s correc t .

Once a PC per formed an i l l -advised resec t ion to coordinate a proposed instrument stat ion,

where the t wo( ! ) s ighted k nown points approached 180° . Sure, the sof t ware gave him a solu-

t ion, but i t was so weak that ever ything staked f rom there was s igni f icant ly wrong. Sur vey

control i s cr i t ica l , and must be thoroughly and r igorously checked pr ior to proceeding!

Ex tremely poor per formance! And cost ly ! I t ’s OK to ask quest ions and to think! Mathematics

works, but works best when understood and proper ly appl ied.

• Late one af ternoon, I got a ca l l f rom a representat ive of the local power company.

I t seems my crew, in an attempt to get a longer shot , fe l led a t ree onto a smal l power l ine,

and disrupted ser v ice to a local sawmil l . The power rep informed me that , had my chainsaw-

happy PC s imply t r ied the obvious, that i s , to k ick f ree the of fending snag, he would have

been repor t ing a fata l i t y.

• Again , detai led wr i t ten instruc t ions, as i s my standard procedure. O ffending PC begins

at the bottom of the l i s t (because i t was eas ier ) , d idn’t f in ish , and therefore prevented me

f rom beginning my boundar y calculat ions unt i l I could schedule his crew back there another

day, a week later.

• I k new a PC who staked a sanitar y sewer run back wards. Ser iously ! S ince the ear th -

work was essent ia l ly complete to rough subgrade, you would think that when he began

mark ing f i l l s to inver t on several stakes he might have suspec ted something was wrong!

Natural ly, i t d idn’t take the ut i l i t y contrac tor ver y long to spot the problem.

• A s imple aer ia l mapping job was made considerably more compl icated when ever y

t ime the van was moved, the hot catalyt ic conver ter set the dr y weeds on f i re. M y crew

would f ight the f i re, but s imultaneously a new f i re was beginning under the van! The crew

repeated this f rustrat ing exerc ise several t imes to no avai l , and was forced to cal l the f i re

depar tment. The ent i re 40 acres was blackened, as wel l as smal l par ts of the neighbor ing

proper t ies. The photogrammetr ist quipped that he was impressed by our f i rm’s thorough-

ness at pre -burning the s i te, which enabled him to see the ground and our panels much

more c lear ly !

• This fe l low was a col league of mine on a huge Bureau of Reclamation projec t . Dur ing


13

a bl izzard, he and his crew got in the t ruck to warm up and take a coffee break . He lef t the

f ie ld book out on the ta i lgate of the t ruck . Uh oh! I t b lew away and was gone! Never found,

except t wo or three pages. Guess what? Several days work had to be repeated, and the

weather didn’t improve much.

• One of my PC ’s lef t a brand new tr ipod out a l l winter over a remote point near

Olympic Nat ional Park . I t ra ins there. A lot ! Some locat ions receive over 200 inches per

year. When retr ieved the fol lowing spr ing, the t r ipod looked 20 years o ld, or more, and the

wood was so swol len i t was completely unusable.

• Dur ing the f inal stages of a land development projec t , one of the key control points

was destroyed. R ather than go through the hass le of replacing i t , my PC s imply occupied a

curb and gutter of fset hub f rom the previous week . He then proceeded to stake f inal prop -

er t y corners and curb plugs. Can any reader imagine ever doing that?

• I wi l l end on a humorous note. We were in the midst of a large mapping projec t in

southwest Wyoming, and were t ravel l ing bet ween control points. I was r id ing shotgun, and

the dr iver declared he k new a “shor tcut ”. Guess what? We came around a corner, obviously

too fast for condit ions, and SPLOOSH! Promptly drove up to the gunwales into a beaver

pond! The remainder of the day (and long into the night ! ) was spent gett ing our t ruck ex tr i -

cated f rom the pond! Shor tcut , indeed!

I must say that the par t y chiefs of my generat ion have set the bar ex tremely high for the

young sur veyors just gett ing star ted. I ’m cur ious ; what can the nex t generat ion poss ibly do

to top these? I feel cer ta in that they ’ l l f ind new ways to amaze and confound their super vi -

sors, as wel l ! P leasant sur veying!

Photo Credit: James Wengler, PLS CFedS


14 <<< THE SAVVY SURVEYOR Continued

LOBBY DAYAmanda Askren, PLS

O ne of the ben-

ef i ts of NSPS

having their Spr ing

Meet ing in Washington DC,

i s that we can par t ic ipate in

Lobby Day on the H i l l with

the NSPS and MAPPS orga-

nizat ions. This year, 5 repre-

sentat ives f rom Washington

State t raveled a l l over the

Capi ta l H i l l area, meet ing

with State Representat ives,

Senators or thei r staff , to

discuss current survey leg-

is lat ive issues. I fe l t that

you should know what we

were discussing and the

highl ights of the 4 topics

everyone took to the Hi l l

that day. The informat ion

is f rom our Lobbyist and is a

summarizat ion of thei r words,

to have a consistent message.

S u r v e y i n g a n d M a p p i n g t o E n h a n c e S u s t a i n a b i l i t y a n d R e s i l i e n c e o n A m e r i c a ’s S h o r e l i n e s a n d H a r b o r s . Coastal watershed counties are

home to more than 164 mil l ion

Americans, approximately 52%

o f t h e U n i te d S t a te s p o p u l a -

t i o n . B a l a n c i n g e c o n o m i c

d e ve l o p m e nt w i t h e co l o gi c a l

m a n a g e m e n t r e q u i r e s a c c u -

rate data and integrated infor-

m a t i o n t h a t e n a b l e c o a s t a l

communit ies to address many

co a s t a l a n d e m e rg e n c y m a n -

agement i ssues. The “Digi ta l

C o a s t ” i s a g e o s p a t i a l l y

enabled projec t in NOAA to

i m p r o v e c o o r d i n a t i o n a n d

s u p p o r t w o r k w i t h s t a k e -

holders for coastal mapping

and management ac t iv i t ies

w h i l e p r o v i d i n g a c c u r a t e

geospatial data to end users.

A l s o , t h e H y d r o g r a p h i c

S e r v i c e s I m p r o v e m e n t A c t

( H S I A) i s a re a u t h o r i z a t i o n

a n d re fo r m b i l l fo r N OA A’s

n a v i g a t i o n - r e l a t e d h y d r o -

gra p h i c s u r ve ys a n d n a u t i -

cal char t ing program, bene -

f i t ing the harbors and por ts

of Amer ica .

Fl o o d I n s u ra n ce M a p p i n g Reform and Modernization ( F I R M ) A c t . T h e N a t i o n a l F l o o d I n s u r a n c e P r o g r a m

h a s a d e b t o f $ 2 4 b i l l i o n

d o l l a r s a n d t h e c u r r e n t

e l e v a t i o n d a t a f r o m U S G S

f o r t h e f l o o d m a p s i s o n

ave r a g e 3 5 ye a r s o l d . Th e

cur rent f lood maps lack an

inventor y of st ruc tures and

a c c u r a t e a d d r e s s d a t a , a s

you can imagine how much

h a s c h a n g e d i n 3 5 y e a r s .

I m p r o v e d s u r v e y i n g a n d

m a p p i n g d a t a w i l l p rov i d e » From left: Amanda Askren, Jon Warren, Pat Beehler, John Christensen


15 LEGISLATIVE

m o r e a c c u r a c y a n d s o l -

venc y in the Nat ional Flood

I nsurance Program in FEMA,

a l lowing fa i rer premiums for

h o m e o w n e r s . A s C o n g r e s s

considers reauthor izat ion of

t h e N F I P, N S P S a n d M A P P S

r e c o m m e n d s e v e r a l t e c h n i -

cal reforms to the f lood maps

t o h e l p i n c r e a s e a c c u r a c y,

s u c h a s 3 D E P ( L i DA R / e l e v a -

t ion data) , s t ruc tures inven-

tor y, address/parcel data and

streamflow information.

Developing the 21st Century G e o s p a t i a l Wo r k f o r c e . We a l l h a v e h e a r d t h a t t h e average age of a sur veyor is

58 and they are ret i r ing and

leaving the workforce faster

t h a n t h e n e w g e n e r a t i o n i s

enter ing. Col leges and uni-

v e r s i t i e s a r e f a c i n g a c r i t -

i c a l s h o r t a g e o f A m e r i c a n

PhD instruc tors in sur veying.

T h e re i s a n e e d t o i n c re a s e

the supply of PhD instructors

in sur veying and mapping in

A m e r i c a’s co l l e g e s a n d u n i -

vers i t ies , whi le a lso att rac t-

i n g t h e n e x t g e n e r a t i o n

o f s u r v e y o r s . Fu t u r e e c o -

n o m i c g r o w t h , h o m e o w n -

e r s h i p a n d o t h e r i m p o r -

t a n t n a t i o n a l p r i o r i t i e s w i l l

b e a d v e r s e l y i m p a c t e d i f a

n e w g e n e r a t i o n o f s u r v e y -

ors and mapping profess ion-

als are not recruited to enter

t h e wo r k fo rce. Th e h o p e i s

that th is wi l l be a Publ ic and

P r i v a t e p a r t n e r s h i p t o h e l p

a s s u r e d e v e l o p m e n t o f o u r

future workforce.

P r i v a t e S e c t o r U t i l i z a t i o n

Sur veying, mapping and geo -

s p a t i a l h ave l o n g b e e n i d e n -

t i f i e d a s a c t i v i t i e s i n w h i c h

t h e g o v e r n m e n t c a n u t i l i z e

the pr ivate sec tor to a greater

e x t e n t . T h e Fr e e d o m Fr o m

G o v e r n m e n t C o m p e t i t i o n

A c t w a s i n t r o d u c e d a n d

str ikes the needed balance by

a p p l y i n g t h e “ Ye l l o w Pa g e s”

t e s t , a s i m p l e t e s t t h a t h a s

b e e n a p p l i e d b y M a yo r s a n d

G o v e r n o r s , b o t h D e m o c r a t

a n d R e p u b l i c a n , t h a t s ay s , i f

there are private companies to

be found in the Yel low Pages

providing products or ser vices

in the commercial market that

t h e g o v e r n m e n t i s a l s o p r o -

v i d i n g , t h e n t h e p r o d u c t o r

s e r v i c e s h o u l d b e s u b j e c t t o

market competit ion to provide

a better value to the taxpayer.

There is st i l l the need and role

for government in the sur vey-

i n g, m a p p i n g a n d g e o s p a t i a l

ac t iv i t ies, but this would help

evaluate the ef for ts being put

for th .

We had ver y successfu l v is i ts

and some of them remembered

u s f ro m l a s t ye a r, w h i c h i s a

great feel ing, when you think

about how many people they

s e e i n a y e a r. O u r e f f o r t s

a n d o u t re a c h a re m a k i n g a

di f ference and hopeful ly we

can continue to bring impor-

t a n t s u r v e y i n g l e g i s l a t i v e

issues to them in the future,

and be a resource for them.

I f y o u w o u l d l i k e a n y

a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n

o n t h e t o p i c s a b o v e , I

c a n p r o v i d e t h e f u l l p a g e

h a n d o u t w i t h a l l k i n d s o f

d e t a i l s . P l e a s e c o n t a c t m e

at :

Amanda.ask ren@gmai l .com


16

YOUNG SURVEYORS NORTH AMERICAby Heidi L. Jackson

T his is an excit ing t ime

for sur veying. People

are saying we are in a

Renaissance, a Golden Age,

and that young sur veyors

are the key. This Februar y,

I was for tunate to attend

FIG’s 2nd Young Sur veyors

Nor th Amer ica meet ing

and witness, f i rsthand, the

enthusiasm and momentum

that young sur veyors are

br inging to the profess ion.

Young sur veyors f rom 23 di f -

ferent states, and s ix coun-

tr ies, were in attendance,

and our ver y own Amanda

Ask ren was there promoting

the NSPS Young Sur veyors’

Net work .

F I G , t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l

F e d e r a t i o n o f S u r v e y o r s

(Fédération Internationale des

Géomètres) , is an organization

whose pur pose i s to suppor t

international collaboration for

the progress of sur veying. F IG

c re ate d t h e Yo u n g S u r ve yo r s

( F I G Y S ) a s a w a y t o b r i n g

yo u n g s u r ve yo r s to g e t h e r to

d iscuss chal lenges and make

c o n n e c t i o n s . I n s p i r e d b y

F I G YS , t h e Yo u n g S u r ve yo r s

N e t w o r k , i n a f f i l i a t i o n w i t h

t h e N a t i o n a l S o c i e t y o f

Profess ional Sur veyors (NSPS

Y S N ) , w a s c r e a t e d t o f o c u s

ef for ts for outreach to young

s u r v e y o r s w i t h i n t h e U n i t e d

S t a t e s . T h e g r o u p s t a r t e d

i n A p r i l 2 0 1 4 , a n d h a s b e e n

growing and work ing towards

solidifying a national network.

T h e m e e t i n g w a s h o s t e d b y

t h e M i n n e s o t a S o c i e t y f o r

Professional Sur veyors (MSPS)

a n d a t t e n d e e s w e r e i n v i t e d

to stay on, af ter the meet ing,

t o a t t e n d t h e M S P S a n n u a l

c o n fe r e n c e , b e i n g h e l d t h a t

week . Now that we got a l l of

t h o s e a c r o n y m s o u t o f t h e

way, let me te l l you how the

meet ing went .

I t al l k icked off with a welcome

a d d re s s f ro m Pa u l a D i j k s t r a ,

the Vice Chair of F IG YS. Paula

i s f ro m t h e N e t h e r l a n d s a n d

is an ex tremely accompl ished

yo u n g s u r ve yo r. S h e t o l d u s

a b o u t F I G a n d t h e Y S , a n d

h o w we c o u l d b e c o m e m o re

i n v o l v e d b y a t t e n d i n g w o r k

sess ions a l l around the wor ld.

T h e n e x t s e s s i o n i s i n N e w

Ze a l a n d . I f y o u’r e u n d e r 3 5 ,

a n d w o u l d l i k e t o a t t e n d , I

encourage you to head over to

their website. (http://www.fig.

n e t / o r g a n i s a t i o n / n e t w o r k s /

ys/ )

A f t e r t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n s ,

w e w e r e t r e a t e d t o a s e r i e s

o f k e y n o t e s p e e c h e s b y

m a j o r i n d u s t r y l e a d e r s . I t

w a s a n i m p r e s s i v e l i n e u p

inc luding Terr y Bennett f rom

A u t o d e s k , V i c e P r e s i d e n t o f

T r i m b l e N a v i g a t i o n , B r y n

Fosburgh, and Ken Mooyman,

t h e P r e s i d e n t o f H e x a g o n

Geosystems NAFTA. Ken gave

a n e n g a g i n g p r e s e n t a t i o n

a b o u t t h e e x p l o s i o n o f t h e

u s e o f s p a t i a l d a t a i n o u r

d a i l y l i ve s l i k e G o o g l e M a p s


17 YOUNG SURVEYORS

http://www.fig.net/organisation/networks/ys/



a n d G P S - e n h a n c e d a p p s .

A c c o r d i n g t o M r. M o o y m a n ,

“ G e o s p a t i a l i n f o r m a t i o n

u s e h a s g r o w n t o s u c h a n

e x t e n t t h a t i n m a ny a s p e c t s

o f o u r l i fe we c a n n o l o n g e r

func t ion without i t . Through

t h e e x p o n e n t i a l g r o w t h o f

t e c h n o l o g y , t h e d e m a n d

f o r a c c u r a t e g e o s p a t i a l

i n f o r m a t i o n h a s b e c o m e

greater.” M r M ooyman is one

w h o b e l i e v e s t h a t w e a r e

e n t e r i n g t h e G o l d e n A g e o f

s u r v e y i n g a n d t h a t y o u n g

surveyors are the ambassadors

that wi l l lead the way.

O n e o f t h e g o a l s o f F I G Y S

i s t o o r g a n i z e m e e t i n g s t o

b r i n g y o u n g s u r v e y o r s f r o m

t h e r e g i o n t o g e t h e r t o g e t

inspired for the future of the

p r o f e s s i o n . T h e y c e r t a i n l y

s u c c e e d e d i n M i n n e a p o l i s .

Th e m e e t i n g wa s p ro d u c t i ve

a n d e xc i t i n g , a n d i t w a s a n

awesome oppor tunit y to be in

t h e s a m e r o o m w i t h s o m e o f

t h e m o s t p o w e r f u l p e o p l e i n

t h e i n d u s t r y. B e t te r t h a n t h at ,

though, was the oppor tunity to

co n n e c t w i t h yo u n g s u r ve yo r s

f r o m a l l o v e r . W e h a d t h e

o p p o r t u n i t y to s h a re i d e a s o n

how to promote the profess ion

a n d h o w t o e n c o u r a g e m o r e

young people to jo in .

We l e f t t h e m e e t i n g f u l l o f

momentum and bra instor ming

n e x t s t e p s , a n d t h a n k s t o a

presentation by Amanda Askren,

we had an outlet for our energy.

Th e F I G YS i s a gre a t re s o u rce

t o k e e p c o n n e c t e d w i t h t h e

r e s t o f t h e w o r l d , b u t h a v i n g

the NSPS YSN gives us a chance

to be produc t ive and ef fec t ive

here in the United States. S ince

t h e m e e t i n g i n M i n n e a p o l i s ,

we have a l ready made a lot of

p r o g r e s s . T h e r e a r e 4 0 s t a t e s

a c t i v e l y p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n t h e

net work , and we recent ly e lec ted

off icers. ( I was honored to accept

t h e r o l e o f S e c r e t a r y. ) T h e Y S N

now has a non-vot ing seat on the

b o a rd o f N S P S , w h i c h i s a g re a t

o p p o r t u n i t y fo r o u r vo i c e t o b e

heard on the national level. We are

look ing for ward to a Fal l meeting.

I would l ike to thank LSAW, M ike

McEvil ly and John Hohol for giving

m e t h e o p p o r t u n i t y t o a t t e n d

t h e F I G 2 n d Y S N o r t h A m e r i c a

Meeting. I came back from it more

motivated to be ac t ively involved

in my profession than ever before,

a n d e n t h u s i a s t i c a b o u t grow i n g

this net work of young sur veyors.

S u r v e y i n g a s a p r o f e s s i o n i s

changing and evolving and young

s u r ve yo r s h a ve t h e o p p o r t u n i t y

t o s h a p e t h e f u t u r e . W i t h t h e

help of organizat ions l ike F IG YS

and NSPS YSN, we can shape that

future together.


18

SAFETY INFORMATION RELATED TO FIELD WORKby Mick Sprouffske, PLS

M y main goal in wr i t ing this column is to share safet y information re lated to f ie ld-

work in Land Sur veying. As sur veyors, we encounter a l l k ind f lora and fauna, some

of which poses a cer ta in amount of r isk . I n this column, I want to introduce you to

Giant Hogweed, Heracleum mantegazzianum, a member of the Pars ley Family. This p lant is

nat ive to the Caucasus region and Centra l As ia . I t was introduced as an ornamental p lant

into the United States in 1917 and made i t way west around 1930. Look ing at the plant ,

when i t i s in fu l l b loom with i ts large f lower ing top and i ts height , you can understand

why i t was used as an ornamental . Unfor tunately a l l par ts of the plant contain a toxin that ,

when i t comes into contac t with your sk in , causes severe burns. Giant Hogweed is c lass i f ied

as a noxious weed in Washington State.

(Lef t ) Giant Hogweed in fu l l b lossom. The blossom clusters can be up to 2 .5 ’ wide. (R ight)

Patch of Juveni le Giant Hogweed, even though the plat has yet to reach matur i t y i t s t i l l

posessess the harmful toxins.


19 SAFETY

Why is G iant Ho gweed hazardous?

When giant hogweed sap, which contains photosensit iz ing furanocoumar ins, contac ts

human sk in in conjunc t ion with sunl ight , i t can cause phyto -photo - dermatit is – an ex tremely

ser ious sk in inf lammation. I n br ief, the sap prevents your sk in f rom protec t ing i tse l f f rom

sunl ight , which leads to a ver y bad sunburn, b l isters , long last ing scars, and i f i t comes in

contac t with eyes, b l indness. Heat and moisture (sweat or dew) can worsen the sk in reac t ion.

The phototoxic reac t ion can begin as soon as 15 minutes af ter contac t , with sensit iv i t y peak

bet ween 30 minutes and t wo hours af ter contac t .

The photo above speaks for i tse l f. Ouch!

The Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board c lass i f ies Giant Hogweed as a Class A

Noxious Weed. I t i s most commonly found a long roadsides, r ights- of-ways, vacant lots , r ivers

and streams. The Washington State Depar tment of Agr iculture’s d istr ibut ion map indicates

that the plant is in most Western Washington counties. I personal ly have a lso obser ved this

p lant in the road r ights of ways and stream banks in Paci f ic and Grays Harbor Counties.


20

(Lef t ) Giant Hogweed in Downtown Seatt le. (R ight) Giant Hogweed Distr ibut ion 2011

Plant Identif ic ation

Giant Hogweed is a perennial , d ist inguished by i ts s ize. The plant is capable growing to a

height of 15-20 feet . The stems and leaf sta lks are a dark reddish – purple spotted in color.

I t has large, f lat topped f lower c lusters of many smal l white f lowers. The c lusters may grow

to a diameter of 2 . 5 feet . The leaves are up to 5 feet in breadth.

What are the symptoms of exp osure to giant ho gweed sap?

Painful b l isters that form within 48 hours and become dark and pigmented. Scars that last

up to s ix years, though t ypical ly only last a few months. Long-term sensit iv i t y to sunl ight is

common. B l indness may occur i f the sap gets into the eye.

Where is the toxic sap lo c ated?

The sap is found in a l l par ts of the plant . The leaves, s tems and f lowers.

S afet y prec autions i f you have to remove a plant or plants:

Do not touch the plant with bare sk in . Do not touch your bare sk in with sap covered gloves

Wear ing long waterproof gloves, long s leeves, pants boots, and eye protec t ion: synthet ic

water-res istant mater ia ls are best , s ince cotton and l inen f ibers can soak up the plant sap

and be penetrated by plant hairs .


21 <<<SAFETY Continued

I f control l ing plants with mult iple people, keep a good distance f rom one another, as the

sap can splash three to four feet . Apply sun block before beginning work . Launder c lothes

that may have contac ted plants. Wash equipment, with soap and water, immediately af ter

use. Keep water, soap, and eye -wash near work area in case of exposure.

What should you do i f you are exp osed to giant ho gweed sap?

Wash the af fec ted area thoroughly with soap and COLD water as soon as poss ible. Keep

exposed area away f rom sunl ight for 48 hours. I f a reac t ion occurs, topical steroids

appl ied ear ly, can reduce the sever i t y of the reac t ion and ease discomfor t . I f sap goes in

eyes, r inse them with water and wear sunglasses. I f a reac t ion has occurred, the area of

sk in may be sensit ive to sunl ight for a few years and you may want to apply sun block or

keep the af fec ted area covered f rom the sun, when poss ible.

See a physic ian, i f you have a reac t ion or any quest ions.

This plant , obviously, poses a safet y r isk to anyone that comes into contac t with i t . For

more information on Giant Hogweed, v is i t the K ing Count y Noxious Weed website and the

Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board website.

I would l ike to get input and feedback f rom the membership on these ar t ic les and future

topics. Here is my contac t information mick38990@gmai l .com. Be safe out there!

IN MEMORIAM

Rodney Mi l ler

James I rwin Best

Wi l l iam Hugh Cruikshank

James A. McDermott

James Orv i l le Borden

Paul Chesterman

We take a moment to remember the col leagues and f r iends we have lost this year.


22

http://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/animals-and-plants/noxious-weeds.aspx

http://www.nwcb.wa.gov/nwcb_nox.htm

VERTICAL CURVES By James Coan, PLS

I n this edit ion of the Evergreen State Sur veyor we wi l l be discuss ing ver t ica l cur ves.

Ver t ica l cur ves are commonly found on road prof i les. Whenever you go over a h i l l , pass over

a low point in a road, change grade f rom gradual to steep or v ice versa , you are t ravel ing

over a ver t ica l cur ve.

The diagrams above show the s ix d i f ferent condit ions where a ver t ica l cur ve is commonly

used. The point where the t wo grades intersec t , that i s a change f rom grade one (G1) to

grade t wo (G2) i s ca l led the point of ver t ica l intersec t ion (PVI ) . The place where the ver t i -

ca l cur ve begins, i s ca l led the point of ver t ica l cur vature (PVC ) . The place where the ver t ica l

cur ve ends, i s ca l led the point of ver t ica l tangenc y (PV T ) .

When measur ing distances a long a ver t ica l cur ve, they must be measured a long a hor izon-

ta l l ine in the prof i le. That i s , i f the PVC is at stat ion 1+00, and the PV T is at stat ion 3+00,

the length of the ver t ica l cur ve wi l l be 200 feet , as measured a long the prof i le. Most ver t ica l

cur ves are symmetr ical . The distance f rom the PVC to the PVI i s normal ly the same distance

as i t i s f rom the PVI to the PV T. There are, however, under cer ta in condit ions, where this i s

not t rue. We wi l l d iscuss that later.

As shown in the diagram above, condit ion f ive and condit ion s ix are unique. I n condit ion

f ive, the grade coming into the PVI i s a posit ive grade and the grade leaving the PVI i s a


23 FOR THE TECHNICIAN

negat ive grade. That is , G1 is uphi l l and G2 is downhi l l . This t ype of ver t ica l cur ve is ca l led a

“crest ” or “peak ” ver t ica l cur ve, and there wi l l be one place on that cur ve that i s h igher than

any other point on the cur ve.

Condit ion s ix , in the above diagram, shows the reverse. G1 is going downhi l l , and is there -

fore a negat ive grade, and G2 is going uphi l l , and has a posit ive grade. This t ype of ver t ica l

cur ve is ca l led a “sump” or “sag” ver t ica l cur ve, and one point on the cur ve wi l l be lower than

any other point .

Fi rst , let ’s have a look at a crest , symmetr ical ver t ica l cur ve. What we are going to do is ca l -

culate e levat ions at d i f ferent stat ions a long the ver t ica l cur ve. When this i s done, we wi l l

then calculate the H igh Point , or peak of this ver t ica l cur ve.

Ver t ica l cur ves are not l ike symmetr ical hor izontal cur ves, they do not have a radius or any

of the geometr y of a hor izontal cur ve. Therefore, you cannot use any of the formulas we

saw, when we looked at hor izontal cur ves, on a ver t ica l cur ve. A ver t ica l cur ve is a parabol ic

cur ve, that i s , i t ’s a parabola . I f you remember your high school a lgebra parabolas can be

plotted f rom a quadrat ic equat ion ( ) .

Take a look at the drawing of the ver t ica l cur ve above, you wi l l not ice that the grade coming

in to the PVI , f rom lef t to r ight (G1) , i s going uphi l l and therefore a posit ive grade. The grade

f rom the PVI to the PV T (G2) i s going downhi l l and is , therefore, a negat ive grade. This i s a

symmetr ical ver t ica l cur ve because the distance f rom the PVC to the PVI i s the same as the

distance f rom the PVI to the PV T.


24

I f we k now the stat ion and elevat ion at the PVI , and the length of the ver t ica l cur ve we can

calculate the stat ion and elevat ion at the PVC and the PV T. The formula to f ind us e levat ion

is : Grade X Distance = Di f ference in e levat ion. This equat ion can be manipulated to f ind the

grade i f needed.

G= The Grade;

∆ E levat ion = The Distance in E levat ion

The formula to f ind any e levat ion of a point on a ver t ica l cur ve is :

X is the distance f rom the PVC to any point on the cur ve where the e levat ion is required. I f

the distance is in stat ions, use the grades and percent (%) ; space . I f the distance is in feet ,

use the decimal value of the grade. As you can see in the formula above, “r ” equals G2 minus

G1 div ided by the length of the ver t ica l cur ve.

To f ind the stat ion of the highest or lowest point on a “crest ” or “sag” ver t ica l cur ve, use the

fol lowing formula :

When us ing this formula , make sure you change the s ign of G1. That is , i f G1 is posit ive, make

i t negat ive, i f G1 is negat ive, make i t posit ive. This formula wi l l give you the distance f rom the

PVC to the highest or lowest point on the ver t ica l cur ve. Once you k now the distance use the

bas ic formula to f ind the e levat ion on the ver t ica l cur ve.

Example:

We need to calculate the e levat ions ever y 25 feet a long a “crest ” ver t ica l cur ve.

Given: PVI stat ion 3+00, PVI e levat ion = 402.30 feet , length of ver t ica l cur ve = 100 feet .

G1 = 1 .00% (0 .01) ; G2 = -2 .00% ( -0 .02)


25 <<<FOR THE TECHNICIAN Continued

Calculate :

E levat ions at stat ions 2+50 ( the PVC ) , 2+75, 3+00, 3+25, and 3+50 ( the PV T ) .

Fi rst , ca lculate the e levat ion and stat ion at the PVC. The distance f rom the PVI to the PVC is 50

feet , the grade f rom the PVI to the PVC is a -1%. Using the above formula , we have:

Third, us ing the above formula to f ind the e levat ions on a ver t ica l cur ve we calculate :

Four th, ca lculate the stat ion, and elevat ion of the peak (highest point on the cur ve) .

Note, when calculat ing the highest or lowest point in a ver t ica l cur ve, that point wi l l a lways

be on the lesser grade s ide. K nowing this , with our example, the peak wi l l be bet ween the PVC

and the PVI (G1 being the lesser grade) .

The distance f rom the PVC to the highest point on the cur ve is 33 .33 feet (2+83.33) . Us ing the

formula to f ind e levat ions on a ver t ica l cur ve, the e levat ion at the peak wi l l be 401.97 feet .

With a l i t t le prac t ice you wi l l f ind this i s a ver y s imple cur ve to calculate, but as with a l l

th ings in sur veying, have someone else take a look at your calculat ions to ensure there are no

blunders.


26

The unsymmetr ical ver t ica l cur ve is d iv ided

into t wo par ts , s ide A and s ide B, with the

div is ion of the t wo par ts at the PVI .

Each par t i s thought of as i ts own cur ve.

The PVI of the overal l cur ve is the PV T of

the cur ve of s ide A, as wel l as the PVC of the

cur ve of s ide B. Each s ide wi l l a lso have i ts

own local PVI , the grade f rom the PVI of s ide

A to the PVI of s ide B (shown here as G3) i s

the same as the grade f rom the PVC to the

PV T of the overal l cur ve (shown here as G’ ) .

The formula to calculate G’ i s as fo l lows:

G’ = PV T E levat ion – PVC Elevat ion ÷ Length of the overal l cur ve

Each s ide of the cur ve can now be calculated as i f i t was i ts own symmetr ical ver t ica l cur ve,

that meet each other at the PVI of the overal l cur ve. I t can a lso be thought of as “a com-

pound ver t ica l cur ve”.

As can be seen, once ver t ica l cur ves are understood, i t i s a re lat ively easy process to calcu-

late e levat ions at any point on the cur ve. I n the example shown for this unsymmetr ical ver-

t ica l cur ve, remember the highest point on the cur ve wi l l be on the lesser grade s ide. I n this

case, the H igh Point wi l l be on cur ve B bet ween i ts PVI and PV T.

I n the nex t edit ion of the Evergreen State sur veyor, we are going to star t look ing at inter-

sec t ion problems. We wi l l look at bear ing-bear ing intersec t ions, d istance -bear ing intersec-

t ions, and distance - distance intersec t ions.

For quest ions and comments please emai l me at : p ls33647@outlook .com


27 <<< FOR THE TECHNICIAN Continued

CONGRATULATIONS! Congratulat ions to our State Sur veyor of the Year, Carla M eritt , and our State Associate of the Year, Karen S chauss ! Without dedicated volunteers l ike Car la and K aren, our associat ion would not be what i t i s today. I f you see e i ther one of our award winners, p lease congratulate them!

C arla Mer i t t i s a l icensed land sur veyor in Washington (2003)

and Oregon (2004) . She has worked in the pr ivate land sur-

veying industr y for the past 20 years. She current ly holds the

posit ion of Sur vey Direc tor at MacK ay Sposito, a sur veying and engi-

neer ing company based in Vancouver, Washington. S ince 2011, she

has been employed by MacK ay Sposito, managing a mapping group

work ing in suppor t of Bonnevi l le Power Administrat ion (BPA) mapping

contrac t , providing overs ight and guidance for the produc t ion of

r ight- of-way acquis i t ion documents, inc luding legal descr ipt ions and exhibits for fee convey-

ances, easements and permits necessar y to construc t , operate and maintain BPA transmiss ion

fac i l i t ies. I n Februar y of 2014, she became Sur vey Direc tor, and now provides overs ight for

a sur vey team consist ing of 25 employees located in Vancouver, Kennewick and Federal Way,

Washington. Pr ior to her employment with MacK ay Sposito, she worked as a Projec t Sur veyor

at Olson Engineer ing, ser v ing a lso as a Projec t Manager and Associate Pr inciple f rom 2004-

2010 and draf tsman/sur vey technic ian f rom 1995-2004. Here she gained k nowledge and expe -

r ience per forming deed research, wr i t ing legal descr ipt ions, per forming boundar y calcula-

t ions, prepar ing exist ing condit ions sur veys for engineer ing design, per forming ALTA/ACSM

Land Ti t le Sur veys, construc t ion stak ing calculat ions, and par t ic ipated in the platt ing process

for major res ident ia l subdiv is ions.

H e r e d u c at i o n a l b a c k gro u n d co n s i s t s o f a B a c h e l o r o f Ar t s i n E n g l i s h f ro m t h e U n i ve r s i t y o f

Washington in 1989 and a Master ’s Degree in Education, Curr iculum and Instruction from Western

Washington Univers ity in 1992. She began pursuing a career in Land Sur veying when she star ted

work ing as a draftsman at Olson Engineering in 1995 and took land sur veying courses through the

Univers i t y of Wyoming’s d istance educat ion program bet ween 1997 and 2002. Car la has ser ved

on the Clark Col lege Sur veying program’s advisor y committee s ince its conception in 2007 and as

an adjunc t instruc tor at Clark Col lege s ince 2011, teaching the SUR V 203 Legal Descr ipt ion class.

She was a lso a member of the Oregon I nst i tute of Technology ’s Geomatics Advisor y Committee

from 2007-2012. She has been an active member of the Land Sur veyors Association of Washington

(LSAW ) s ince 2003 and has held of f ices at both the state and local levels . Car la current ly ser ves

on the Execut ive Committee as LSAW ’s Pres ident-E lec t .


28 ANNOUNCEMENTS

K aren Schauss has been involved in the LSAW s ince 1998,

becoming an associate member s ince 2008 has fa i thful ly ac ted

as the chapter secretar y/treasurer s ince 2011. As Secretar y/

Treasurer. she has fa i thful ly organized monthly meet ings as wel l as

accurat ley managed the Chapter bank accounts and repor t ing to the

State. She was a lso instrumental in planning a mult i tude of chapter

events including the August Board of Trustees (BOT ) meet ing in

Wenatchee.

K aren’s career in sur veying began in Alask a work ing for Alyesk a Pipel ine in the late 1970’s ,

ear ly 1980’s , dur ing that t ime she was a member of the Alask a Societ y of Profess ional

Sur veyors (ASPLS) . She cont inued her career in Wenatchee, work ing for var ious Civ i l

Engineeing and Land Sur veying f i rms over the past 25 years, per forming f ie ld sur veys, records

research, data process ing and mapping for a mult i tude of projec ts, located a l l across Nor th

Centra l Washington. I n addit ion she is an accompl ished engineer ing design draf tsperson.

UPCOMING EVENTS

M ay 3, 2016 South Puget Sound Chapter Meet ing:

Joeseppi ’s I ta l ian R istorante

2207 Nor th Pear l St .

Tacoma, WA 98406

M ay 10, 2016 Southwest Chapter Meet ing

TBD Tacoma, WA 98406

M ay 20, 2016 7am 2016 LSAW Spr ing Sur veyors’ Seminar

R amada at Spok ane Airpor t

8909 W Airpor t Dr,

Spok ane, WA 99224

M ay 21, 2016 Board of Trustees Meet ing

R amada at Spok ane Airpor t

8909 W Airpor t Dr,

Spok ane, WA 99224

June 7, 2016 South Puget Sound Chapter Meet ing:



Tacoma, WA 98406

June 14, 2016 Southwest Chapter Meet ing

TBD Tacoma, WA 98406

July 5, 2016 South Puget Sound Chapter Meet ing:



Tacoma, WA 98406


29

http://lsaw.org/calendar.php

YO U T H PA G E E D I TO R , H E I D I L . J A C K S O N H e i d i i s a s t u d e nt o f G e o m at i c

Technology at Bel l ingham Technical College. She spent her summer vacation

on the DNR’s NW Region Sur vey Crew. She is passionate about spreading the

word about the profession of Land Sur veying and encouraging young people,

especia l ly gi r l s , to choose a career in sur veying. She l ives in Bel l ingham,

WA w h e r e s h e e n j o y s s p e n d i n g t i m e o u t d o o r s a n d v o l u n t e e r i n g i n t h e

communit y.

BUSINESS PAGE EDITOR, SCOT T EDWARDS, PLS, CFEDS, MBA Scott is Vice-President

and co-owner of APS Sur vey & Mapping located in Bellevue. For nearly 20 years he

has been involved with LSAW and the survey community of the Puget Sound region.

When not surveying he can be found hik ing with his wife and their faithful bulldog,

Sergeant, or out explor ing the great nor thwest on their dual spor t motorc ycles.

P lease emai l your comments to [email protected].

O U R P R O F E S S I O N PA G E E D I T O R , G E O R G E T W I S S , P L S G e o r g e s e r v e d a s

Execut ive Direc tor of the Washington B oard of R egist rat ion for Profess ional

Engineers and Land Sur veyors f rom 1997 unt i l h is ret i rement in the Spr ing of

2015, a l though his employment with the Board began in 1986 as a staf f inves-

t igator. George attended the Oregon I nst i tute of Technology and holds a land

sur veyor l icense in Oregon and Washington. I n 1996, he received the Nat ional

Council of Examiners for Engineering and Sur veying (NCEES) Meritorious Ser vice

Award for Law Enforcement, and in 2013 he was awarded the NCEES, Meritorious

Ser vice Award. Addit ional ly, George was awarded the “Dist inguished Sur veyor ”

Award by LSAW at the 2015 State Conference. George l ives in Tacoma with his wi fe Mer i lee.

E D I TO R I N C H I E F, C H R I S R OYA K , P L S Chr is began his sur veying career

as a chainman in 1985, in San Diego, CA and is current ly l icensed in

four states ( WA, T X, CA, NV ) . He is a res ident of Snohomish, and enjoys

outdoor photography, gol f and spending t ime with his fami ly. Chr is

can be reached at k [email protected], and welcomes comments and

suggest ions on content and ar t ic les.

F O R T H E T E C H N I C I A N PA G E E D I T O R , J A M E S A . C O A N , P L S , C F E D S

J im star ted his career in Sur veying in 1968. He has worked in Mar yland,

V i r g i n i a , A l b e r t a C a n a d a , Wa s h i n g t o n , I d a h o, a n d O r e g o n . J i m i s a

professional land sur veyor in Washington and Oregon, and is also a cer tif ied

federa l sur veyor (CFedS) . J im has taught for R enton Technica l Col lege,

Seatt le Univers i ty, and several state and nat ional conferences. J im has a lso

publ ished over 30 ar t ic les on sur veying. Emai l me at : p ls33647@outlook .


30 MEET THE TEAM

mailto:%20scott%40apssm.com?subject=

S A F T E Y PA G E E D I TO R , M I C K S P R O U F F S K E , P L S M ick Sprouffske, PLS , i s a

Region Land Sur veyor for the Washington Depar tment of Natural Resources

in Tumwater. Mick is a third generation Land Sur veyor with 27 years actively

work ing in the profess ion. H is work exper ience is both in the pr ivate and

publ ic sec tors. He is a Past Pres ident of the LSAW, 2010. M ick l ives at Lake

L imer ick in Shelton WA with his wi fe L inda.

S A V V Y S U R V E Y O R C O N T R I B U T O R , R . W I L L I A M G L A S S E Y P L S

i s t h e Pre s i d e nt o f G l a s s e y L a n d O f f i ce i n R e d m o n d, Wa s h i n g to n . H e i s

l i c e n s e d a s a Pro fe s s i o n a l L a n d S u r ve yo r i n Co l o r a d o a n d Wa s h i n g t o n .

M r. G l a s s e y w a s e d u c a t e d a t t h e G e o r g i a I n s t i t u t e o f Te c h n o l o g y a n d

the Univers i t y of Colorado. He is a Past Pres ident of the Land Sur veyors’

Associat ion of Washington (2001) , and ser ved s ix years as NSPS Governor

f rom Washington. M r. Glassey has more than for t y years exper ience in the

land sur veying profess ion, and has personal ly witnessed the evolut ion of

land sur veying from chaining pins and logarithm tables to global positioning

and geographic information systems. He has presented seminars in several

states from coast-to - coast and has authored numerous ar t ic les for national

publ icat ions.


31

2016 BOARD OF TRUSTEES HIGHLIGHTS

To see the current meeting minutes please sign in the LSAW Members Portal. Click on the image below.

https://www.lsaw.org/bod/lsaw-member-portal.php

Jesse Allen NorthwestPresident

Tom Barger North Puget Sound

President

Pat Beehler Southwest

Trustee

Steve Bratz Snohomish

Chapter Trustee

Tom Brewster Executive Committee

Secretary

Doug CasementSouth Puget Sound

Trustee

James Coan WA State Director

NSPS Education Committee

John Christensen Executive Committee President

Mike DunphyNorth Olympic

Trustee

Paul GalliLower Columbia

Trustee

Ashley Jerkovich LSAW Staff

Michael Kulish GIS LIS Liaison

Don Leischner Cascade Columbia

Trustee

Jeff LynchLower Columbia

Trustee

Mike Lynch Snohomish Chapter

President

Todd Emerson Inland Empire

Trustee

Carla MerittExecutive Committee

President - Elect

Larry Pederson North Olympic

President

Ben Petersen WFPS Representative

Prevailing Wage

Mike McEvilly Executive Committee

Past President


32 LSAW BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Kate SchalkSouthwestPresident

Desi SchillingSouth Puget Sound

President

Mark Sele North Central

President

John ThalackerExecutive Committee

Treasurer

Grant ToltonNortheast President

Doug VogtNorth Puget Sound

Trustee

Donald WieberSouth Central

President

Weston DorszynskiJason Rinehart ........ Tim Fries..................... Jon Baker.................... Duane ZimmermanPeter Kruze................ Rudy Kitzan............... Jon Gordon................ Howard Richardson John Thatcher........... Todd Wilson............... Erik Gahringer........... Nicholas Martinez... Tom Todd................... Wes Thomas.............. Brian Cays................... Kerman Kermoade.. Paul Darrow............... Chris Jepson.............. Ray Peterson............. Darrell Sowards........ Mary McDowell........ Greg Brooks............... Matt Walters.............. Nate Green................Greg Dussault........... Lorna Anderson....... Steve Ivey....................

.......................................................Executive Committee, Vice President

.......................................................Cascade Columbia, President

.......................................................Cascade Columbia, Vice President

.......................................................Cascade Columbia, Treasurer

.......................................................Inland Empire, President

.......................................................Inland Empire, Vice President

.......................................................Inland Empire, Secretary

.......................................................Inland Empire, Treasurer

.......................................................Lower Columbia, Secretary

.......................................................Lower Columbia, Treasurer

.......................................................North Central, Vice President

.......................................................North Central, Trustee

.......................................................North Central, Secretary

.......................................................Northeast, Vice President

.......................................................Northeast, Secretary

.......................................................North Olympic, Treasurer

.......................................................North Puget Sound, Secretary

.......................................................Northwest, Trustee

.......................................................Northwest, Secretary

.......................................................Northwest, Treasurer

.......................................................South Central, Vice President

.......................................................Snohomish, Secretary

.......................................................Snohomish, Treasurer

.......................................................South Puget Sound, Vice President

.......................................................South Puget Sound, Secretary

.......................................................South Puget Sound, Treasurer

.......................................................Southwest, Secretary

.......................................................Southwest, Treasurer

Not Pictured:


33LSAW BOARD OF TRUSTEES

TO MAKE DONATIONS TO THE LSAW FOUNDATION PLEASE SEND CHECKS TO: LSAW Foundat ionC/O Car la Mer i t t , Treasurer10107 NE 180th Ci rc leBatt le Ground, WA 98604

I ndividual DonorsKevin Car lasc io

R ich Lang, PLS

Tim Kent , PLS

John Thalacker, PLS

Ron Torrence, PLS

South Puget Sound Chapter of LSAW

CompaniesAl idade Consult ing

Geol ine

K iewit I nfrastruc ture West Co. – M ike Lombardi

Kurker – R anken, I nc.

The PPI Group

Seco – L J O wens

Sitts & H i l l

USFS CLAZO – Ber ta Romio

We would a lso l ike to thank the fol lowing indiv iduals and companies for cash donat ions at

the s i lent auc t ion; Jim Coan, Dorrel D ickson, M ark A. M auger, and Prizm Sur veying. The

Foundat ion is p leased to repor t through the combined ef for ts of the s i lent auc t ion and cash

donations we raised $3,848. After fees for credit card transactions, we were able to net $3,781.49,

w h i c h w a s a p p r o x i m a t e l y

$1,300 increase from last year.

Ag a i n , T H A N K YO U t o a l l t h e

d o n o r s a n d e v e r y o n e w h o

p a r t i c i p a t e d b y b i d d i n g o n

items during the silent auction.

Your suppor t i s appreciated.

THANK YOU! The Land Sur veyors’ Associat ion of Washington Foundat ion would l ike to thank the fol lowing indiv iduals and companies for donat ions for the s i lent auc t ion at the 2016 LSAW Conference.


34 THANK YOU

Execut ive Committee

Pres ident . . . . . . . John Chr istensenPres ident E lec t . . . Car la Merr i tVice Pres ident . . . Weston Dorsz ynsk i

Secretar y . . . . . . . .Tom Brewster Treasurer . . . . . . . . John Thalacker Past Pres ident . . . .M ike McEvi l ly

Cascade Columbia . . . . . . . . . Jason R inhear tI n land Empire. . . . . . . . . .Duane ZimmermanLower Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Paul G al l iNor th Centra l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mark SeleNor th Olympic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Larr y PedersonNor th Puget Sound. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Tom BargerNor theast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Grant Tolton

Nor thwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jesse Al lenSnohomish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .M ike LynchSouth Centra l . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Darre l l SowardsSouth Puget Sound. . . . . . . . .Des i Schi l l ing

Southwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Kate Schalk

LSAW 2016 Chapter Pres idents

Please address al l corresp ondence regarding LSAW and/or this public ation to:Chr is Royak Produc t ion Editor

5727 Baker Way NW, Suite 200, Gig Harbor WA, 98332

Tol l Free 1 .877.460.5880 Fax 253.265.3043

emai l [email protected]

Adver tis ingThe Evergreen State Sur veyor is publ ished quar ter ly by the Land Sur veyors’ Associat ion of

Washington, and is d istr ibuted to i ts 999 members. I f you would l ike to adver t ise in th is

publ icat ion, p lease check out our adver t is ing rates here or emai l [email protected] for more

information.

Opinions expressed by indiv idual wr i ters are not necessar i ly endorsed by the of f icers or

board of LSAW, NSPS or the editor of th is publ icat ion.

Ar t ic les may not be reproduced without the expl ic i t permiss ion of the author.

Cl ick here to see a fu l l l i s t of our chapter leaders and committee members

Our Mission: LSAW is committed to promoting the profession and science of surveying for the benefit of its members and the public. We promote lifelong learning, high standards of ethics and practice, legislative leadership, and community involvement. Check out our website at www.lsaw.org.


35LSAW LEADERSHIP

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EVERGREEN STATE SurveyorEVERGREEN STATE Surveyor Serving the surveying community in Washington Land Surveyors’ Association of Washington Spring 2016 FROM THE PRESIDENT John Christensen