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Evaluation of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.)

Germplasm for three Major Diseases at

Jima, Ethiopia

Demelash Teferi, Girma Adugna, Diriba

Muleta, Kifle Belachew,

11th ACRN General Assembly 23 November 2015 Luanda, Angola

E-mail: teferidemelash2008@gmail.com

Jimma Agricultural Research Center

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Outline of Presentation

1. Introduction

2. Materials and Methods

3. Results and Discussion

4. Summary and Conclusion

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1. Introduction

Coffee wilt disease

Fungal pathogen Gibberella xylariodes

(Fusarium xylariodes)

Soil borne diseases

Enters through wounds in the roots/stems

Infects the vascular tissues

Wilting and death of the trees

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0

10

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Age

w A

wi

E. G

ojam

N. W

ello

N. S

hew

a

Oro

miy

a

S. W

ello

W. G

ojam

Zon

e 4

Bal

e

Illub

abor

Jim

ma

W. H

arar

ghe

W. W

elle

ga

Ben

ch M

aji

Ged

eo

Had

iya

KA

T

Kef

a

She

ka

Sid

ama

Sou

th O

mo

Wal

aita

Am

aro

Bur

ji

Kon

so

Amhara Gambela Oromiya SNNP

Region & Zone

% In

cid

ence

& S

ever

ity

%Incidence

%Severity

Incidence and Severity of coffee wilt disease in different

regions and zones in Ethiopia(2003 survey)

Exploration and germplasm collection are the

basic raw materials to meet the current and future

requirements of coffee improvement programs

6385 coffee accessions were collected

and maintained in seven ex-situ sites by

JARC

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Objectives of the study

• To evaluate some coffee germplasm

maintained at JARC for their resistance to

CWD and identify resistant genotypes

• To assess the performance of accessions

for major coffee diseases under field

conditions.

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2. Materials and Methods

Description of the Trial Site

The experiment was conducted at JARC

located at 365 km from Addis Ababa.

at 7° 46'N latitude and 36° 47'E longitude.

An altitude of 1753 m.a.s.l.

mean annual rainfall of the area is 1572 mm.

Temperature 26.3 0C and 11.60C.

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Experimental Materials

• The experimental materials consisted 150 coffee

accessions

• Two released lowland varieties (Geisha and

Catimor J-19) and SN-5 as a check

• These materials were collected from (Oromiya

54%, SNNPS 44%, and Amhara 2%) between

1966-2006, and field planted in conservation

block of JARC between 1995-2007 in single

rows of 10-12 trees per plot

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Material and Methods

Fully opened cotyledon

stage (8-10 weeks)

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Field Evaluation

CLR

CBD

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Experimental Design

The experiment was laid in

completely randomized design with

three replications in three batches.

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Statistical analysis

Data for seedling death and incubation

period were subjected to analysis of

variance (ANOVA) using SAS (SAS,

2008).

Field data were analyzed using

Microsoft Excel

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Fig 1. Description of symptom of CWD on coffee seedlings

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Table 1 . Resistance of coffee collections to CWD BI

Accession no Severity IP

Actual value Transformed

279/71 0 0 j 0 g

226/71 3.4 6.2 ij 182.7

259/71 5.2 10.5 ij 92 bf

244/71 8.1 16 hj 158.7 ab

120/71 11 19.1 hj 134 ad

3/70 15.1 22.8 h-j 141.7ac

16/70 23.6 29 gh 108.7 bf

245/71 28 30.7 fh 123.3 ae

30/70 33.8 34.5 ei 97 bf

Geisha * 97.2 84.4 ab 60.7 ef

Catimor J-19 ** 43.5 41.2 dh 67.6 ef

Mean 64.05 84.2

CV 13.5 24.7

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Accession no Severity IP

Actual value Transformed

27/77 2.3 7.1 h 150.7 a

12/74 3.4 8.5 h 129.7 ad

26/77 7.1 9.2 h 155 a

B3/06 5.6 11.2 h 137.7 ad

B2/06 9.6 17.8 gh 93 dg

44/83 14.5 20.8 fh 148.3 ac

48/83 13.4 21.1 fh 82.3 eg

B1/06 20.8 25.8 eh 85 dg

11/77 27.2 30.9 dg 96.3 cg

Geisha * 97.2 84.4 ab 60.7 ef

Catimor J-19 ** 43.5 41.2 dh 67.6 ef

Mean 60.6 85.8

CV 17.7 26.9

Table 2 . Resistance of coffee collections to CWD BII

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Table 3 . Resistance of coffee collections to CWD BIII

Coffee accession Disease severity (%) Incubation period(days)

B-2/04 1.52qp 173a

B-3/04 1.11qp 173a

B-6/04 13.67no 95defg

B-28/04 1.15qp 173a

B-29/04 1.15qp 178a

B-64/04 0.00q +

B-70/04 0.00q +

B-85/04 2.22opq 173a

B-104/04 0.00q +

B-118/04 23.34kj 109cde

B-124/04 0.00q +

B-133/04 1.11qp 173a

B-137/04 2.52opq 170a

B-143/04 0.00q +

B-148/04 1.45qp 172a

B-156/04 2.30opq 175a

B-157/04 2.26opq 167a

B-161/04 8.02nop 133b

B-164/04 2.22opq 167a

B-169/04 1.75qp 178a

J-19* 54.21h 86fgh

J-21* 38.81i 91efgh

Gesha* 88.65a 91efgh

Mean 25.63 126.54

CV (%) 12.26 9.94

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A B C

Fig. 2: Comparison of a resistant coffee accession 279/71(A) with susceptible SN-5 (B) and Catimor J-19

Figure 2. Comparison of a resistant coffee

accession 279/71(A) with susceptible SN-5 (B)

and catimor J-19 resistant check (C) inoculated

with Gibberella xylarioides.

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Figure 3. reaction of moderately resistant

CWD accessions to CBD (Batch I)

0

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80

90

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279/71226/71

259/71244/71

120/713/70

16/70245/71

30/70

Dis

ease

sev

erit

y (

%)

Coffee accessions

CWD

CBD

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Figure 4 . reaction of moderately resistant

CWD accessions to CBD (Batch II)

0

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50

60

70

80

27/77 12/7426/77

B3/06B2/06

44/8348/83

B1/0611/77

13/74

Dis

eas

e s

ev

eri

ty (

%)

Coffee accessions

CWD

CBD

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0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

B02/04 B4/04 B27/04 B28/04

Dis

ease s

everi

ty

Accessions

CBD

CWD

Figure 5 . reaction of resistant CWD accessions

to CBD (Batch III)

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Summary and Conclusion

cont’d……• The results of pathogenecity tests

proved that there is important

diversity in conservation block of

Jimma Agricultural Research Center

in reaction to G.xylariodes infection.

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4. Summary and Conclusion

cont’d……Further evaluation of moderately

resistant CWD accessions in

different agro ecological areas in

wilt devasted gardens or farms

(sick plot) so as to confirm their

performance and adaptation to

different localities (multilocation

trials)is on progress.

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Thank you!!!