6
nofT nR yT gAd in k a b hdl esceues i ra o io t vanage fF E lt vaua - pera - i t esrc y t ysem t arge in h up hdl esceu r l eveope i ra t xen i ra n r la hor k i rac espec , igur h e her t u it cae h l in t ur as t aper, hor lt vaua d l uarup lltt usrae o t u r i h n in i l proposn ] de d lt quarupe rac bt t susan iew 2 io o fo t fv .Thea sf moed das rs etkoftet nr gb ga de ganw pnoft no n[.Int sp ea se dtet molletoq et ki dinf e1 allymoecmp da dsmats e he a io t upe t pera t n i ra eco d t equese rac n i spec ve inue t syse t con m ise allyr .T no ncnb denifoet kb mesierr dint l evera t ne il ngeor le t are av o hor t u io t ec trac ion t ec d l quarupe trac ks ncmp dwihs ks .Thea sh eimpme ds ion it rec kis ht eas h t ere w , ing t por f d t vanag h t ese ecs n in k a xa n in rac hdl esceu f d l qua rup i tra or i arou t i l i hd o b t li ex d une f me sf nr gbyt ga eo yo et ka de miet eff rv sc lan. h in lt vaua h te h n la in t crea gp nadteo rise gtep i t p do t par. ion t rea d eeom fr i l ona t pera le d b ou o ie n he d tu hd os. in t k as lt vaua ho propose o lan hor h t t u he in o nce ii l i t cenagor hdl esceu i ra i f peror he ica l zn f propos t prac i ver eaneff m fre ga mi gt nr gp stoma et lt ea ss wc es st yt ma ft dme m ina s M s dl ueson , il vao i arou I f or n j C he i t nao S l ea db e tw t eer f s io t it onss n I la f nor T I iagra h hdl esceue t syse e ⅠⅠ. ang base ions t CoMPOS ONOFTRAIN RE HEDULNG SY TE Ar dp nima yt dontei ma nofd ya dv sr Th mc so oma mo ei Ch eofd m add mi noarr rd t ysem l t porn sup gS re her t ur hor t u ions t i d on . Thea sf mo - e f io l lt acua n bh i eavo ' ra dc no allytod T k rac yofQ d l uarupe t i l i b li ex hos rac l rearge. d l uarup t li pex ll asweascom nq et kw eo ya Ta miKo ki Ka maaKuma waaadKa oHa b ra me fE nee TheUn yOfT ir h zu t i l vers n za l rng, s E l ng zu l il t ecrca a, se t no t epar kf au D a 0, k oy 6 Japan , 5 6 8 - 1Ho mk o113 k Tk u oy , yo B ngo u , - 3 - 7 i- n a i xs l tt raege r her l opn ecaus o io t ec rac k tracs d l quarup i l ona t rec et ks nb et eaetwosmed .Soaltofc gS Se ti 1Japan , 6 1 0 - 0 5 4 i yC mp Na Ai mi @ieee h c goya, org . i any, k k ose o kf taau a lw i a nR Japa b l t cenra engers nofpass h i t porn up gt h me.Andt io it rec D i1 g.. F i ures , j n ions. t i i d varouscon d uner fft ecs - iagram. d f o ions , n. i hor kl f t t tt ocs ayouosa , on s d so o gmutbed eins ttme in i h t spacers , i h t spacers , ing hdl esceu i ra i ra i ra i xperence k ae e ca l o s r t t arepresen teve , i il cu i d d orere kf tassor er i . Thswoki lldt nr .Ma yt nbyt nd svydiff nfre dt nd Ab 1 R gtino niso nnee nt no sd yp li ni db dsoo Mant dd e k ass i te f hi ysca n. io t pera lesan , ra i d sorere b trou in hd l esceu io i l l onsgna , t pera f t unc Tt ac . i ra il l cema t s h we h ve ri ep yt nb nd sw ht ta yt nins me gmayf hi er di ea ht or t i i h t spaeer n i ra di ern k ae i cons , i t l t resen n r io i experenc t opera fo all mp d t equese he e- i d t cae l i ra kw ki ymo ds mi all .T ma upp gs se yr sh ei ds lme sfrt o me nr C reo hd o t i i spec bt t ssusan evera t yse ht eas t ne in h t ere t or l mpe s av t r lt ruperac hor an t au - - t acorsconcern - - d qua it neo l dl oe l ea i i onssnce t i h t spacer i t nu sd dl gt yof phsd da t i h l equa l eyeope a grou ' hors t u - p ke l t ans in hdl esceu do mi gtinr gp oma ra me i zn . i t i t p il ca t prac . d l uarupe t i l i b yofq li ex t reven de l l t proprae p iagra h l angn C gd m a ylSneedtop .Itishdtor et i ran hdl eseeu ar da mfor h t l i gor ih se l b t sa for h t ii l i t cenagor gbyt ga ff kade dt ee mo neff ms o d t vanage reproposea hes in her k a ine xam h ft orsur n h t eau trac T di d esgne - ll e d e soccurr s uc dere i ons stobec ds ha mi tbec b t ecause d ause h g i t t ecsvarouspars O l i t srup hd e naff gb ion. y In t pera - is d s io t pera h i t era e luence h if en in d sprea gt whnt no ni l evaua t t porsyse ingsup , hd l esceu m, t I gt no nw taye wa no ep dp . T ea in lt revaua n i l t propraepa h tou h i i t perao p lan ane ropose i ra ing t crea h ln t in hdl esceu h i t eranr t ions t i t nu gade ganwp no no dt i tra f ht t eargem la e in h t orsexen lt vaua h t eau n i t spaper, mf t syse i proposn h t io h i t srup in d or I t perae f ereoreonc , r saeo dacc gtotew m.Th esmalld ni T i ran iagra d rou lgna i S on, lt e i t rean o h t hi i erexperencesan l i gor m frc gnw a n d n de ' ma ,a i ra engers ion t p f nor i rvers, i t ncera io l t oca d une n ofd ass ru ni ma .T nd f t unc l il c i h uresve , j n ema gt kof ht eas i t porn orsup I T . INTRODUC ON Ke IT nr i ra i d l k t onquaruperac , d ywors t fi onuson rea n hi ysca n yp li ,adsoo,g tc b bles in t acor n i transan r f her io i snc l t oca et eaema yf no drollgs in hdl reresceu , her F t ur mo t ht eas t her t wiht kwiht ei ih se l b t sa da in Shdl eeu gan i t uan l eva mina h te t ar. io h lt eevaua h t n i t u ie t xecue icesarec r d n i io io t ma i t parur Et s lt evaua etmeaee di ec ni arrdo nt np f roc in t epea e hdl esceue f n la d ug io oo dt aop A gdpnisr dbyr gp esso nj meto anw mo he ase io it ca f i d nb dont s la hdl esceue h Andter dpni ices. id n ion lt evaua 5 - 3 2 - ' i ran i h t spacers l pa i tra n oft nd ew in up lt vaua t yse la ion it propra t opera epnore gan .Soas m s i ran t a h to ropose grou ' hors t u pp dame dtoret ]. 1 d t equese taskisr [ Thea lt on enger ro il ve itt a t uan yf mpass sp ing t por lan io t opera np sq snoe

Evaluatio vantage nofT nRr ai e schedulesbyT gAd …nofT nRr a i e s chedulesbyT gAd akin o i o vantage fF Ev aluat p e ra-es t ric-y y stem arget in h up eschedul r e vel ope rai

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nofT nR yT gAdinkabhdlesceuesirao

io tvanage fF

E l tvaua

-pera

-itesrc

y tysem

targe

in

h

up

hdlesceu

r

leveope

ira

txen

ira

n

r

la

hor

k irac espec,

igur

h

e

her

tu

i tcae

h

l

in

tur

as

taper,

hor

l tvaua

d luarup

ll t tusrae

o

tu

r

ihn

in

i

lproposn

]

de

d ltquaruperac

bt tsusan

iew

2io

o

fo

t

fv .Thea sf moed das

rs et koftet nr gb

gade ganw p noft no

n[.Int sp ea se dtet

mo lletoq et

ki dinf e1

allymoecmp dadsmats

e he

aio

tupe

tpera

tn

ira

eco

dtequese

racn

ispec

veinue

tsyse

tcon

m ise allyr .T no ncnb

de nifoet kb mesi err dint

leveratne

i lngeor

le

tare

av

o

hortu

iotectrac

iontecd lquarupe

tracks ncmp dwihs

ks .Thea sh eimp me ds

ioni trec

kish teash terew,

ingtpor

fd tvanag

h tese ecsn

inka

xan

in

rac

hdlesceu

f d lquarupitraor

iaroutili

hdo

b

t

l iexdune

f

me sf nr gbyt ga eo

yo et kade miet effrv sc

lan.hinl tvauahtehnlaintcrea gp nadteo rise gtep

一itpdo

tpar.iontrea

deeomfri lonatpera

led bou

oie

n

he

dtu

hdos.

in

t

k

as

l tvaua

ho

propose

o

lan

hor

ht

tu

he

in

once

ii l itcen agor

hdlesceuira

i

fperorheica

lzn

f

propos

tprac

iver

eaneff m fre ga

mi gt nr gp stomaet

lt ea ss wc es st

yt ma ft dme

m ina

s

Ms

dlueson,

i lvao

iarou

I

f

or

n

j

C

he

itnao

S

lea

dbe

tw

teer

f

s

iot

itonss

n

I

la

fnor

TI

iagra

h

hdlesceue

tsysee

ⅠⅠ.

ang

base

ionst

CoMPOS ONOFTRAIN RE HEDULNGSYTE

Ar dp nima yt

dontei ma nofd yadv sr

Th mc so oma mo ei

Ch eofd madd mi noarr rd

tysemltpornsup gS

reherturhortuionstidon . Thea sf mo

-e

fiol ltacuanbh ieavo' radc no

allytod

T kracyofQ d luarupetilibl iex

hosraclrearge.

d luaruptlipexllasweascom

nq et kw eoya

Ta miKo ki Ka maaKuma waaadKa oHa bra

me fE nee TheUn yOfT

irhzu

ti lvers

nza

lrng,

s

E lng

zu

l iltecrca

a,se

tn otepar

k fau

Da 0,koy

6Japan,568-1Ho mk o113k Tku oy,yoBngo u,-3-7

i-

n a

ixslt traege

rher

lopn

ecaus

o

iotecrac

ktracs

d lquarup

i lonatrec

et ks nb et eaetwosmed

.Soaltofc gS Se ti

1Japan,610-054iyCmp Na Ai

mi @ieee

hcgoya,

org.i

any,

k kose

o

kftaau

alwianRJapab ltcenra

engersnofpass

hitpornup gt

hme.Andt

ioi trecDi 1g..F

iures,jn

ions.tii dvarouscondunerfftecs

-

iagram.dfo

ions, n.

ihor

k l ft t ttocs ayou osa,

onsd so o

gmutbed eins ttme

in i htspacers,

i htspacers,

inghdlesceu

ira

ira

ira

ixperence

kae

eca

l

o

srt tarepresen

teve,

i

i lcui

d dorere

k ftassor

eri

. Thswoki lldt nr .Mayt nbyt nd

sv ydiff nfre dt nd

Ab 1 R gtino niso nneent no sd yp lini db

dsoo Mant

dde

kassi

tefh iyscan.

iotpera

lesan,

rai dsorere

btrou

inhdlesceuio

i l lonsgna,tpera

f tunc

T tac.ira

il lcema

tshwehveri ep yt nb nd sw htta yt

nins me gmayf

hier dieah tor

tii htspaeer

n

ira

d iern

kae

icons,it

ltresenn

r

ioiexperenctopera

fo

all mpdtequese he

e-

i dtcael

ira

kw ki ymods mi all .Tma upp gs se yr

sh ei ds lme sfrtome nr

Creo

hdot

iispec

bt tssusan

everatyse

hteas

tnein

h teretorlmpe

savtr

ltruperac

horan

tau

-

-tacorsconcern

-

-dquai tneoldloe

lea i ionssncet

i htspacer

itnu

sd

dl

gt yof phsd da

tih lequaleyeopeagrou'horstu

-p

kel tansinhdlesceudo mi gtinr gp omarameizn.it

itpilcatprac.

d luarupetilib yofql iex

trevendel ltpropraepiagrah langnC gd m a ylSnee dtop

.Itish dtor et iranhdleseeuar

da mforhtl igorihselbtsa

forhtii l itcenagor

gbyt ga ffkade dt ee

mo neff ms

od tvanage

reproposeahes

in

her

kainexam

h f torsurn

h teautracT

d i desgne-lle

desoccurr

sucdereionsstobec ds ha

mi tbec

b tecause

dausehg

it tecsvarousparsOli tsruph de naff

gbion.

y Intpera

-isdsiotperah iteraeluenceh ifenindsprea gt whnt no ni

levauat tporsyseingsup,hdlesceu m,

tI

gt no nw tayewa no

ep dp .Teainl trevaua

ni ltpropraepahtou

h

iitperaoplan

aneropose

iraingtcrea

h

ln

tinhdlesceuh iteranrt

ionstitnu

gade ganwp no nodt

itrafht teargem

laeinh torsexenl tvaua

h teaun

i tspaper,

mftsyseiproposn

ht

io

h

i tsrup

indor

I

tperae

fereoreonc,

rsaeo dacc gtotew

m.Th esmalld ni

T iran

iagrad

roulgnai Son, lt

eitreanoht

hi ierexperencesan

l igor m frc gnw a

ndnde' ma ,a

ira

engers

iont

p

fnor

irvers,

itncera

iol toca

dune

n ofd ass

ru ni ma .T nd

f tunclilci huresve,jn ema

gt kofh teasitpornorsup

IT. INTRODUC ON

Ke IT nrirai d l ktonquaruperac,

dyworst

f ionusonrean

h iysca

n

yp li,adsoo,g tc

b

bles

in

tacorn

itransan

r

f

her

io

isnc

l toca

et eaemayf

no drollgs

inhdlreresceu,herF tur mo

th teast

hert

wiht kwiht

ei ihselbtsa da

inShdleeu

ganituanlevaminahte

tar.ioh l teevaua

htn

ituie

txecue

icesarec

r

dn

i

io

iotmai

tparur

Etsl tevaua

e tme ae e d i e c

ni arrdo nt np

frocintepea

e

hdlesceue

fn

la

dugiooo

d taop

A g dp nisr dbyr gp esso

nj metoanw mo heaseioi tcafid nb dont

slahdlesceuehAnd te r d p n iices.idnionl tevaua

5-32-

' iran

i htspacers lpa

itra

n oft

nd

ewin

up

l tvaua

tyse

la

ion

itpropra

topera

ep n ore g an

.Soas m s

irantahtoroposegrou'horstu pp dame dtor et

].1dtequesetaskisr [

Thea

ltonengerroi lveittatuan yf m pass sp

ingtpor

laniotopera np sq

snoe

y.hdlooog

ionsa,tta

-tahtop

n. ira:i

ionsan,fttsa

itoppnR leguaorpasso dsoo

(3) rs gtmeA t ns sattes

dn bove.

doe

lunnn

ac

ionetn

ta

epresenkn

it tonsran

ongesh

ion

n

in

tta

idn

iranteaciran

lpn

it tconsrans

The

tsop

oft sa hs .Li sr tr gagOft ,adc sme da

.Byf gtel tp htoe hn

he

an

i lva

idequre

e

top

u

n

ine

tnerva

d teparureor

fe

i

un

hdlceue. habte

xpr

ira

itera

t trucurean

i l d t tvaoreparure

rit

in

a

t :oues

rap

h

irans

despon

T irant

horsusegrap

tna me wee

d feso

de

Odre

dore

tno ru

bte

teau

iec

k :ocage

)

it tsrans.

4(

searc

leay.

hdos

in

t

dpreareven

ion.tpera roft :A t nr sads sint

rcorr gtosgMe Bl smoet nd dnmbrc

es me ns

dtop ts gofd tofr A c ni lisrweent

Th hs dt

htod arr me gall

No ag he ess arr

-con

i dnefe

f tcarssop, l leguar

e

ha

u

ktoc nu,

T

i

:i

onge

inrf

irunnn

lequre

p

ne

yh

tno ru

R leguar

itrab

)2( gtme or

nr Sl rtmet nr yd

ytet eo ollgs mbro

ion.tta

hh l t teongespa

ions.tta

S耶f

ittcaaslfon

aiitn() il hasce

tinghdlesceuitraClalpty nr me

dde

hdlceue. te

leguahtaierlar nar rs

nb weens

inllif

.iinefehhaongeiotnl rt nted dtme

touehoswirans er sc

lteo

se

he

htu or

hangar

]

ieve

3

ec

ta

nio

.I yt etsn

ep h[.Thea su

nadR wT

ti ess oc

for)hiecnque

ingll

haciraac

itf

i

llrg

iva

lnh denoeexpr

teparurita

fro

bo

mt ess gO nO me

nd eorarr ltmeofe ht nofe

ifoi lt tenervaiSlrequ rf

biossispti,

aI

l fxampeoF

.

kl仲) yo

tysem

l3Ag ne..ho

gS

wsa

areiknshtftoihegw el

h

l tvaua

hearc

teng

ta

h

Prograonges

ittsao

h

P

t

nastel hoft

ERT( mE

el tp hs

gure xpr

hiecnques.

l ltpropraeiknsap ytoe ess gt Fi

iclC fon)6(

)5(

inhdlesceu

doe

itraf

io

i itcao

if tnor

h leappt

ma nonn sorl

no nr

inghdlesceu

-hdlesceu

-

f

leay

iran

luenc

h

fn

ang

tece

)b

soitisaff dbyted

dto(.Thei eo

B. Ch eoft

dr ull

i htspacers

dt nr

nhdesce

igur

ira

.F e2s

dei-a

io

arr ysnp me mu

gt ntno np no mc

ar dn itonsss

hdto

i

tsyse

b

in

he

i

E

hdlesceu

d t teparure

laio

ira

ⅠⅠ.PROPOSNG TRAIN OpRAT

tpera

i lvaor

I

fapll np toft nr gme sa

ira

ftaro

ln

Cta

ft no

C trea

d iiecso

ira

po

o

ionlta

d trerohditos

ira

ltproprae

hsow

l

igure

xa

tec

me no

.F 3 sac

san e mpeoft n r

ION PLAN

inghdlesceu

-fooverhange

tnwas

e gure

l deaye

iotttsa

ira

itra

xpr

loca

has

ktveraes

i

h

itra

hso

itra)

pr

b

l loca

ess no al na nA.Fi

3( wstec etee esst nisd .Th

oriraexprhte esst nf

in

i d d itsorere ra,

hdlesceuira

iotpera

ioitca

iralp

e

A Ap nofT nR

Whnt no nisd nr

h h ftacangeoh tecasetshsow)

xil hdlasceuea,itnni ne

i lfvaohf tor earr

dela-mptuerhecot

hso)agure

io

iesre

tta

hdos

ia

in

t

kta

att nd deff

gs na

me .Fi 3( wsa

dtotet ndmp noftecmptuer

ira

oh

h

iot

m. ios

tpresene

tsyse

co

lteecapt

rhdo

t toran

t

iistlm

I

gme saeamp os

hangehteiitralocaio

htta

intecinktovera

dlea

gs nisa

yaff gtel nislmidbytec

hlntexecueittao

sin

racktvera

odorer

ofo gs nt

rt ki do ylnt

ielpp

C

iotta

3igureFly.

i

d bera

on

icons

al gtmeats nA,

(

ionttaos

Al mofhtlgori 2g..F

-ierei tspar,

dne.teeroi

ira

it

io

d teparure

ltai

lvaor

B S.

wh arr

mesntd mi

mu nofT nO

ielpp

iraintepresenraplxahowion,tera

4S sane mpeofag hr gt no-pitperaon siotperairaoit tonsraniarour

s. er

owTh eaev sc sfrt no na

tsira:iivateparurR legua1

oll

()

f

rd eorarr ltmeA t nmu

-236一

franserigtnik tnsrepresenh letftoihegew

ingel gb doarinik tnsrepresenhtftoihgNNPLAIOTARNOFTR NOpEIAIOTAULAvV.E

Thet meofall itransitltoa yhsbeenu dforseadlea'

)ioni tnaD tes-iirgnO

ion.i tnatesed

)(1

t

ltoa

arr Th we

ier gtmeb weens sors gtmea

as Th

lpn

mma no

top

dtmec ht

ionttate

fiot

i

tonvere

elunnn

ion.

hesu

i lva.

tta

i

ar

tare

an

h fteransert

hte -en

s tepresen

iotpera

itocan

rap

ira

l feo

a

lraac

isn

5S ne mp ag hr

in

how

ninf

iknb dengers oar

h

igureFle.

p

ger

bta

in

hsow

ht nbyallass gone gpass

el sb gOD (stot yu

xasa

metgpass es no na

itpon '・STenge

-

l'oss

-

-

(2

ds

htj-

)

nee ,

fenuhte mbro

engersoiteririnefehor

fu

tuThea sd dac afrpass

o

eseion

fitos

tonges

lesuh

franseran,

lsn

b dure,

l ltcacuaerei

ice

gtme noft dc .Th

idn sa dbyu gter mu

'sienger

lCdlossofi.Thep honwhtat

ktsrajllpynpossistel nbec dbya gDi

m.I

l ltacuaeteasca

t

h

htl iagorl

hetowever,

heseindfdoahepurposetForlow.f'engers gupt

ltasures a,terenl ltcacuaedbydiff me

Vl taenlqu

iunionisamo toftme pasf ftacorori tcanfi itssgn

-i tces rav,

ionlta

i

ese kae

itpsars

lno

lgons

T franse

uc

sp

f :ranser

b dureoses

l ltcacuae

dure

b ltu as

b durensare

(2)B noft rnto yt stme oimp ns ha gu .Th

da assi dneidfse

iftranser

'lengers f

ossna

dniol tevauahlnowh fed ierngt oll gtree niicons' engers

tntonvereresoflosssaec di oe

T・Oi fontpera mPaSS

me dforirequreithte

teoss oe maitstleib

htdnerwulof'engers

ntoioitdd

si'

pislt ass

engerfra er

dureh

enu

n

he

Valqu

i

i

hw ere

ftranser. iir,

M.st mbroftns spass i

stmee lettoteb engernofpass

hio

tpera

tta

ira

lt tarnh

l tvauaro

iin

senger

irequre

T lravebeiescr

stoe et no

df m tes gS ntot

gtme s.

engersfopernuheits mb ass ,

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lJr

M.

LlLl-∑tt-I

L2=PlPll,

M

M

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heT: mo

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4.igure

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l

i

pe

fpeso

y

in

ty

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wme.

fop

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(1)

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ree oss

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s.owfasoll

■壬tJJJd7l¥tJCI一一Fo9

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inleingt tar

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i-l tansquan

ass wont ma ll

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d s h s d r ,tea 'g ph

o as

dre

rou

tcua

doo

horstu

for

o

h

h ltepa

ts

la

lesu

inlo

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itup

fengersover

uc

ihha

iavo

p

t

gp ninp

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no da goo

nr gp nint sc .H

d l deaye

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la

he

i l tsevauae

iteron

t

ir

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i

i irservce,

h

lea

lainhdlesceu

i itransaresuspenso

itra

-

i lsceartiy,

iontec

wade lvauanlof'

dame dtor

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hto

ro

propose

ilvetta

mimi gtme

dn f

dan mo ass

dle

i

ine

ma na

nu nr

t

h

dt hs oe el

engersw

i

hp sb dontse ass rs emo so

ts

ase

earc

lteec

dl terepresensp

ta

enge

is

h tores

h

io

httpes ma sa

in

T

t

ac

brah

taso

ftranser.

ifnor

itran

i

an

dh dt iranssoinesanh l lteseecsS/e

n nowdk

tehpass nseefengersareoi Snes uc.lb tou

-

no npiotperaitratae1

shwtoe maepassengerstitsobed iescr

nr inhdlesceuh iterat

.B eted

fno

h

io

ecaush l teevauause

t

nidniot

A Smu

Thea sassmefoll gmo fpassdleoinowu

io

horlta

tui

pearap

t trucure.Thea sueg hsrapshortuayslwia

ass

top

dnteparur

ikneorarr ft sate hs .L sdac

btelpass 'f ween d e alow

iran

engers

i lvao

engers

iat tpoen

p

tur

ices.

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th rshe/is

ho

.E hpass ra sa

nu ml

pearpenge

yan,

ac

forin

bh ieavor

ittosa

gt ntme eanlbtaiirainh kcech touit

nOfPass Flow '・STenge

oss dbyt inlravecauseh ler/ishze

swionttta sa

localE essLADep

xprLocataS

Dep

Arr

β

Arr

ED

Sta8.

_

ht25DtZOERlSt■

dntaiotongesteii honslteainealoni6g.F .N rr pb weenc nreait tospermnue.iotcongeslow 'f nc

1 237 -

engersintepresenleoragrapxai 5Ag..F ne mp hr gpass

Gi-iiiiiiHd

I

dnk irac rap,de esst srnf rt dans

taseuiranlowru

xpritransl loca

。All ktrac.d lquarupeionsaretsec

k.tracer。Limite-iscomdl

asl dtevauaei i ltranssaso(3)

oss ass na dt nfee

.C nloss da oll

ira

fs

tcongese

ineidfs e

iengers

io

becauseptongesf tor

l

s.ow

nOfOlC tongesi :onC tonges

locanira。1lmide esst 1r dt nad2liap

L3kl塘)tSS ,-!鼻 qkk (3

iran,

tm

xpri te

i:s・訳 ; 5ssd l ltreunexnre,

-

-kecon?-itranS・localPdidtneaneroal lrnau

8.aniotttsana n5 d1tconnecda

io

ecause nb ktno gr oa

arac

rac

d luarupkracs

lunnn

as

h langn

i itreconailve

a

io

lteatpera yc gt

k.Itisr ye ylnq et kbosmed lt .Itcnbes

itratrac

hertno

heiagra

d f d l kt tvanageoquaruperac ithce

in

kracs.

ka

hsow

htoigure

isa

h f icangeorunnn

ti

ts

htat me dt ga

mo . F 9 sas macd m oft

gt

dia

iunnnghangk:racsn

eofl mi C eofrhT gT

ecfoi dltran eays,l loca r1000s

nlraiap2an,na n5ad1 dar dt naniotttsaitneco

inueton

tohreacesluenceifn

kracs.

Jtr

fh f icangeorunnniagraidci9Sh tg cema..F

m血喝 止s

mo gt

s0hsow1gureFi

inhdlesceuirao

Ahtosisame dfrt nr gtocktrac

ksdrast

k:racs

e

n

nio

hangeo

ttaha

tecoiot tua

btei

B,

dons

Eff fC flhm igTas nt t1007M,

weens n7ad8,Th

fimlOe

itral loca knmae

eBfe)a( wehn

flZa恥)A鮎 rdl 野O

hangC

wrh etereat

rofpass sintet etmer ,idequreihi tran,hengere

-

fa

ion b 一ove

l teevaua

o

)4(

lan za-i

gp

mi

be-

i lonattua

Sk enmbrofeuhtishte

m. S mb fi dtetnp en ro

reco

irans lebro

i l tonaopdtnene

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e

o

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leu

rac

t

oh

an

s

inc

d luarup

i dtcael

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likquc

bro

increas

iot

co

norearciltpltmu es honamihouti

ht-

are

leguar ern

howtohow

igur

igur

:nen

deeofMo lLi F e7S sr

eeo mo eadf e8s ss ppatt

nt .Thf

F teaur

inelhehdlsceu

o

ingkfma

k. ,ts k dsan k, cskqOnltta

an rf ntocon

Ik+

ituncoinealonficsi lvey.tespec

mf ti ec dt nitnoiratongesehntoriscod'engers

dtec yOftet nb weenk ha

sr

dnt-teirahtlapach

ion

an

ttsa

HM BYTAKINGADVANTAGEOF

hdlmp oma esceu

QUADRUPETRAC

intisi tt et n rirak

KL

toranI

(4) ninf 6.Thigurehassow,

d ierngicons

s.

htome.Th ea sp eame doropos

gp nw

hortu

la

hten,inhdlresceu

it

owfasoll

N istenmberuhherew ,ionsfttosa

harr tSVealichwitrans

mbnu

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gme

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ム エヮ エ 3

umh

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iotpera

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iter

tn

icr

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mb nof ivarousioi tnahecot

inldle

me

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ver

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EF.V

.CHANGEOFRUNNINGTRACKS

A

d tentera0.i 1g.Fitrans. Af na∝iferlnti 8Sg..F opp gpattnO

-832-

i

ing.hdlesceu

-h tesa

-

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top. a

txr

ish

ira

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niotta

iin

es

tu

h

heco

in

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fo

o

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q Howe mp gtmei yt menb

-

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e

e-

he

s

ich

ecrease

iotta

ira

hdlceu

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ro

teo

or

i

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lib

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n

e

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enger

bengers eco

top.

pearows.

P

oll

)

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texr

ap

f

(2

p

f

oll

)

ass swhog nat nf m s nち:Th

ass meposs etog nat nw hd

ss rt nf mers ebyt

as s smigt ass gtOS

j q nprs osstmeisd da

e-

he

engers

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h

nio

l tvaua

l ltacuae

stpera

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hto

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de

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ly

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eame d to e eteo.Thelosstmeisc dbyu gt

f

s

dure

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i

h tsore

n

l,

u

re

i

ihvanses

engerin

ftranse

dspon

gtme nbyt db no

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gpass sa P osstmeisd da

e-erofcorr

irandenisofanacc tadat nrtlesu

tsop.txraftecsoaEff ne3.i 1g.F

lasornigurhdotihlof' wint sme .F e13adf mu

eirannoli by a follwlg t :Th

(6

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dp

sr

Th

io

a

t hdotarge

lengersgon

ioenger

h ttesa

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roh

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f tereore,

lVfonf nisl .Ameett mtnorg go

ie

dnexiol tvauaeacl ltacuaealeiislt asmp mentoc he ni卿

hdottopas,txrforaionsttsadtaeidcan ne as ame

itperaon

itrani lonaitdd

tsal teai bt tsnoexecuaIttop. all

ionttato・Ttxinhearchtoii tcen/fB E. Me dofS gE aS pS

danittaoiran

tecs

franse

tepresenleo

enger

inedfe

(I

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re

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ecaus

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ii tcen

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an

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ft dtmeo er

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hse

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cr

5 dan

engers hang

irap,

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h

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h

i

sua

r

te

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u

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rac

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a

e

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n

h

h

f

h lesower

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igur

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ii ht ap

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fter gt sb epass

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kbtcnbes dt

locahbecausitranslocadl etel

-bovers e

Ar dp nimp dbychangrovelahdlesceuektracs.

duaruasilveltea.Itisr ye ylnq

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idcthceshsowi 9gure as ma

db

engers y

' p2hsoigurFkracs. e1 ws ass

engersfpiparsono ass2Com.l 1g.F

ion07tta

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叫 l■

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T・txii lft tt ra openervao

h

tco

gra

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titisame dt ga eo

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ⅤⅠⅠExTRA STOP

A Ne fE aSTh ns gaaS ncnb

-l呈,

q

inlu

β-1

由 一上 地

ncrease n

i

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dure

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o

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erence

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iff fb no

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na Assingt

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es

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ioi d l ton eceera,

fs

l teera

increaseda oll s.ow

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i-dd

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ishrevendoff.Top tt

helpntop,pass saed dbys gtisperserengerionit tsua

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ass sgett gona

auselea

n

he

in

f f tereore ur,

enger

increases

i lonapt)

eoflosstmebye as ptos nB

(7

iottatotxri

- ∑ Rβ十1

8t4. 1=

T3

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Thsdda ollow

fferencfsl ltcacuae

uis :s

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hproac.icapltnay

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Th niao ni xfispaper

Ⅹ.

d ibescr esa

-as

e-

hm -

ingk

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hou

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it

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onge

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lartyi

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piznys

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reherturhorsartu ef mo

ictaAtuom

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tpors

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ttueanitns dWets

111-031.

ltnervadi alldisc e

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i

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ze

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u

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padS eT mo yfrRil yadMa,pp 卜3 2006(

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hashitpornup gtet koft

NOSILUCC No

ihch

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ion

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ira

iol ltacuaaseielon

in

ass sp tOfvwb donc nofp

tn

et nr

le

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i

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ogotos

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e

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AT--TllT2+T3

)apanese(i)87196( nJ149-13iranhtorlntiwaengers gf et

-40ー2

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