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2. Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration
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Evaluating Cell Biology KitsNDRet 2010
Keith Madden - IVY TechBryan Smith - La Lumiere SchoolBelinda Dalke - Penn HSJulie Kern - Elkhart Memorial HS
Four Kits
1. Enzymes - the protein catalysts that run all chemical reactions in cells
2. Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration
3. DNA & Protein Synthesis
4. Chromosomes & Reproduction
Learning Cycle
1. Engage activity2. Explore activity3. Explain the outcome4. Extend – use what you learned to
experiment or answer questions
BioRad: Biofuel Enzyme Kit
Engage: Ask students what the future holds for their personal use of energy.
•Heating & cooling of homes•Power for appliances and entertainment.•Fuel for automobiles
What are potential sources of energy?•Wind, solar, water, nuclear, biomass
Biomass – Cellulosic ethanol
Engage:Biofuel Enzyme Kit
Explore: Biofuel Enzyme Kit
Use a real enzyme cellobiase Use a synthetic subtrate:
p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside (abs. @ 410 nm)
Allow to react for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 minutes. Compare to standards or use Spec-20 to
find concentration of glucose formed. Plot data to see kinetics
Explain: Biofuel Enzyme Kit
The reaction catalyzed by cellobiase:
+
Explain: Biofuel Enzyme Kit
Extend: Biofuel Enzyme Kit
How does one evaluate a good enzyme? Introduce concept of Vmax Michaelis-Menton kinetics
What influences rate of a good enzyme? pH Temperature Inhibitors
Evaluate: Biofuel Enzyme Kit
Pros and Cons
Carolina – Energizing Cells
Activity 1 – Engage
Activity #2 - Explore
Conduct an experiment with the aquatic plant, elodea, and bromothymol blue indicator under light and dark conditions.
Activity #3 – Explain what should happen.
What process, photosynthesis or cell respiration is taking place in each tube?
Predict what color change they will observe in each tube.
Activity #4 - Extend
Design a controlled experiment to measure the effect of one condition on cellular respiration of baker’s yeast.
Evaluation
Pros- Uses materials
readily available- Prep is relatively
easy- Really makes you
think!
Modifications-expand the engage activity to introduce bromothymol blue-use fresher Elodea- give 2-3 day for the experiment to work- use very weak base to make indicator bright blue
From Carolina
Discovering Nucleic Acids
IntroductionAll organisms are formed from the same
basic elements – DNA.Mutations occur naturally during DNA
replication when the cell makes a mistake.
Engage Prior knowledge:
Review the structure and function of DNA. Pre-lab discussion:
What kinds of effects do mutations have on living things?What role does mutation have in the process of evolution?
ExploreActivity 1 – students will model the steps of
protein synthesis. Build a DNA strand using colored beads. Transcribe the replicated DNA strand into a mRNA strand. Translate the appropriate amino acid using the chart.
Explore Continued…Activity 2 – observe the effects that changes
in DNA have on proteins. Brainstorm ways in which this DNA strand could be
altered. Predict how you expect the change in the DNA will
affect the protein. Transcribe, translate, and describe the changes in the
protein that occurred.
ExplainErrors can occur in the copying of genetic
material during cell division, exposure to UV radiation, ionizing radiation, or viruses causing cancer.
Most potential mutagens do little or no harm.
ExtendObserving mutations
Prepare a slide of a normal onion root tip. Prepare a slide of irradiated onion root tip.
(chromosomes damaged by a gamma radiation from cobalt 60, a radioactive isotope)
Observe the 2 slides under a microscope. Draw and describe your observations. Record the differences and similarities.
EvaluationsPros – appropriate for Biology 1 (9th grade) classes
Provides a good visual and hands on activity for a different topic. The kits include all the materials needed to complete the
activities.
Cons The pieces are too small. Making onion root top slides are not worthwhile.
(they should be purchased already prepared)
Overall rating of kit: 7 out of 10
Understanding Reproduction and Understanding Reproduction and ChromosomesChromosomes
Carolina Biological Supply#251007A$179.95
The objective of this kit is to compare and contrast asexual and sexual reproduction as well as build an understanding of karyotyping and genetic disorders.
Engage To engage students and assess prior knowledge before inquiry begins:1. Have students discuss in groups where traits come from and why
siblings are not identical to each other.2. Have students look around the classroom and write down
observations about physical traits that are shared among classmates and what traits vary greatly from one to another.
3. Since an understanding of meiosis is needed to complete the activities, review each phase and the process and importance of meiosis.
Explore In order for students to model the scientific process and
gain hands on experience relevant to the problem at hand, 4 activities are provided.
In activity 1, students view prepared slides and living organisms to observe asexual reproduction.
Explore In activity 2, students view a human chromosome spread
under the microscope and use magnetic chromosome representations to simulate a human karyotype.
Explore In activity 3, students observe and reproduce normal
human karyotypes and discover ways in which genetic information is passed from parent to offspring.
Explore In activity 4, students use prior knowledge to design an
inquiry based experiment to discover how genetic disorders occur.
ExplainExplain
A reading source is provided in order for students to reinforce the concepts of reproduction, chromosomes, karyotyping and genetic disorders.
Students are able to analyze the data that was collected in the explore stage of the learning cycle.
Extend
Student demonstrate their mastery of the concepts by applying what they have learned to real world questions such as:
What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?
What attributes are used to pair homologous chromosomes?
Why is it necessary for gametes to be haploid?
Evaluation
Comments from participants include: Lab has many purposes. Chromosome magnets are a great resource. Materials are awesome. Can be used in many ways for different levels of biology.
In summary, this lab was cost effective because of its
versatility and durable materials. The students will enjoy manipulating the magnetic chromosomes to learn the concepts of karyotyping, sexual reproduction and genetic disorders.