European Prostitution Mapping 2008

Licia Brussa

380 respondents• NGO 57%• Health Services 22%• Other 9%• Social Services 9%• Law Enforcement 3%

Organizations working with sex workers

Yes 90% No 10%

Organizations working with MIGRANT sex workers

Yes 85% No 15%

Prostitution Mapping 2008

TAMPEP European Mapping Report 2008/2009

Introduction, Methodology , Assessment methods

I. PROSTITUTION SCENE

• Gender

• Proportion of national and migrant sex workers

• Origins of MIGRANT sex workers

• North Region - Some Considerations

• South Region - Some Considerations

• East Region - Some Considerations

• West Region - Some Considerations

• Countries of Origin of Migrant Sex Workers • Settings (Sex work sectors in Europe)

Prostitution Mapping 2008

II. SEX WORKERS’ SITUATION

• Introduction: Vulnerability factors and work conditions

• Main vulnerability factors for NATIONAL sex workers

• Main vulnerability factors for MIGRANT sex workers

• Control of working conditions

• Changes in vulnerability

• Changes in policy or legislation

III. MOBILITY

• Transnational and in-country mobility

• Transnational Mobility: National & Migrant Sex Workers

• In-country Mobility: National & Migrant Sex Workers

• Top 5 reasons for the mobility

• of NATIONAL and MIGRANT sex workers • Mobility Summary

Prostitution Mapping 2008

IV. GAPS IN SERVICE PROVISION

• Gaps in Service Provision and Recommendations

• Structural Barriers to HIV Programming and Services

• for Sex Workers and Recommendations

• State level

• Service Providers level

• Sex worker level

• Removing Structural Barriers - For Universal Access

• Gap Analysis Summary

V. FINAL CONCLUSION

Prostitution Mapping 2008

GENDER

Prostitution Mapping 2008

Female 87%

Male 7%

Transgender 6%

GENDER

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PROPORTION OF MIGRANTS

West Europe (old EU) 66% Central Europe (new EU) 10% 60 different nationalities

Migrant

sex workers

population

Prostitution Mapping 2008

EU countries

36%Outside EU 64%

ORIGIN OF MIGRANTS

Latin America 11%

Africa 12%

East Europe, Central Asia and Balkan

37%

Central Europe and

Baltic (new EU)

32%

West Europe (old EU)

4%

Asia 4%

Prostitution Mapping 2008

DEMOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

Top 10

Romania, Russia, Bulgaria, Nigeria,

Ukraine, Brazil, Belarus, Moldova,

Hungary and Poland.

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SECTORS

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CONTROL OF WORKING CONDITIONS

Migrants 40%

Nationals 60%

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Prostitution Mapping 2008 Vulnerabilities

VULNERABILITY

Nationals MigrantsViolence Violence

Stigma+Soc.Exclusion Legal Status

Alcohol+drug dependency Social Exclusion

Only about 40% are reached by outreach activities.

Prostitution Mapping 2008

SOME COMPARISONS

Higher rates among sex workers

Condom usage

Violence in the milieu

Drug and alcohol dependency

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MOBILITY

Transnational

Migrants 70%

Nationals 30%

In-country

Migrants 53%

Nationals 47%

Prostitution Mapping 2008

Mapping 2008 Changes in the sex industry Diversity in settings and geographical spread Increased level of drug use, dependency,

violence and control Increased social isolation and exclusion

Recommendations Holistic approach to sex work and HIV/STI Empowerment of sex workers

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REASONS FOR MOBILITY

Nationals MigrantsProtection of anonymity Economical necessity

Economical necessity Coerced by “organisers”

Better working conditions Law enforcement

Prostitution Mapping 2008

If we decriminalise sex work,

sex workers will have more

bargaining power to ask clients

to wear condoms.

Criminalisation is an obstacle

to fight HIV.

Chiu Hing Funga sex worker from Hong Kong

Prostitution Mapping 2008