European Perspectives for Public Administration: Futures Seminar

20-21 October 2016 KU Leuven (Leuven, Belgium)

Session 3: Future Citizens and Diversity

Presentation Rocco Frondizi

(PhD student contribution)

Futures Seminar

Session 3: Future Citizens and Diversity

Rocco Frondizi

University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy

rocco.frondizi@uniroma2.it

Waking Up

in 2125

«Government tasks could be performed(completely or in part) by citizens, companies

and others»

GOVERNMENTbased on the principles of collaboration, transparency and participation and

functioning within an open governance framework

GOVERNMENT

one-sided

two-way relationship

between the crowd

and the crowdsourcer

CROWDSOURCING?

First introduced by Howe (2006), 3 conditions: Outsourcing a specific task

To a generic crowd

Based on an open call

Estélles and Gonzalez (2012) Participatory online activity

Flexible open call to a number of heterogeneous

individuals

Mutual benefit deriving from undertaking the task

4 KEY PILLARS: CROWD, CROWDSOURCER,

TASK, PLATFORM

PUBLIC SECTOR: CITIZENSOURCING

“Outsourcing of a task, traditionally performed by a

public agent, to an undefined and large group of

people through an open call.”

Same 4 pillars as crowdsourcing

The crowdsourcer must be a public agent

PUBLIC SECTOR: CITIZENSOURCING

Source: Hilgers and Ihl (2010)

BRAINSTORMING + CROWD =

CROWDSTORMING

Brainstorming on a larger scale, with crowds

gathering in online communities to design new

products, improve services… (Abramson et al., 2013)

CROWDSOURCING = CROWDSTORMING?

They are similar but not overlapping

Crowdstorming presents a more dynamic aspect,

derived from its brainstorming nature

Crowdsourcing does not necessarily include the

back-and-forth discussion stage between participants