European Exploration The only route from Europe to China was
over land Traveling over land was slow, harsh, and dangerous The
usual route went through the city of Constantinople In 1453, the
Turks of the Ottoman Empire took over the area The Turks changed
the name of Constantinople to Istanbul The route to China was
suddenly closed A new route to China had to be found
Slide 2
European Exploration New tools for navigating (planning and
following a route) were being invented or used Compass helped them
know the direction they were traveling in Sextant & Astrolabe
helped them know their location based on the position of the sun
and stars More accurate maps Improvements in sailing were
constantly being made Larger and faster ships (the caravel)
Triangular sails helped them sail into the wind Prince Henrys
School of Navigation (Portugal)
Slide 3
Inventions: Sextant
Slide 4
Slide 5
Inventions: Compass
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
Inventions: Astrolabe
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Prince henry The Navigator
Slide 12
Portugal
Slide 13
Caravel
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
European Exploration All of these inventions and improvements
made exploration of the ocean possible With the land route to Asia
dangerous and slow, and an ocean route possible, dozens of
Portuguese ships made expeditions The Dutch, British, and French
quickly followed, heading west to the Indies as well as East
Slide 18
European Exploration Prince Henry believed the quickest route
to Asia was to go east around Africa Bartholomieu Dias: First
around the tip of Africa, the Cape of Good Hope Vasco Da Gama:
First to India and back Throughout all this exploration, the
Europeans had no idea the continents of North America and South
America existed
Slide 19
Bartholomeu Dias Vasco da Gama
Slide 20
Vasco Da Gama
Slide 21
Slide 22
1494 Treaty of Tordesillas Line of Demarcation West for the
Spanish, East for the Portuguese
Slide 23
Slide 24
Slide 25
European Exploration Explorers had to be entrepreneurs, which
means smart businessmen. They had to: Raise money for a ship or
ships Raise money to pay for the crew Raise money for supplies Plan
and organize the voyage Eventually, Joint Stock Companies would be
developed Individual people could contribute to larger companies
and they would see a share of the profits Early form of a company
Still had to get a charter from a king for permission to do
business (like town charters)
Slide 26
Slide 27
In the early 16 th century Indian Ocean, the Portuguese built
trading forts and dominated Muslim navies European ships built For
stormy Atlantic seas Stronger frames for gunpowder weapons Indian
Ocean ships built For more peaceful Indian Ocean Ships sewn
together, no mounted guns Prices dropped for European consumers,
more demand for Asian goods was created