European Contract LawLecture I: European Union

Fryderyk Zoll

European Union

European Unionsource: Wikipedia

Signed

In

force

Document

19481948Brussels Treaty

19511952Paris Treaty

19541955Modified Brussels Treaty

19571958Rome treaties

19651967Merger Treaty

1975N/AEuropean Council conclusion

19851985Schengen Treaty

19861987Single European Act

19921993Maastricht Treaty

19971999Amsterdam Treaty

20012003Nice Treaty

2007

2009

Lisbon Treaty

European Union

• Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on the European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community (OJ C 306, 17.12.2007).

• Supremacy of Union law• The limits of Union competences• Legal personality of the EU• Participatory democracy

European Union

• The Charter of Fundamental Rights• Increased flexibility and enhanced

cooperation• The role of national parliaments• Common security and defence policy (CSDP)http://circa.europa.eu/irc/opoce/fact_sheets/info/data/how/evolution/article_7164_en.htm

Institutions of the EU

• the European Parliament, • the Council of the European Union, • the European Commission, • the European Council, • the European Central Bank, • the Court of Justice of the European Union• the European Court of Auditors

European Parliament

• Legislative procedure• Budget• Supervisory powers

European Commission

• Executive power• Legislative initiative• Enforcement

European Court of Justice• Actions for failure to fulfil obligations: infringement

procedure – (Article 258 (ex Article 226) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union)

• Actions for annulment under Article 263 (ex Article 230)• Application for compensation based on non-contractual

liability under Article 268 • Actions for failure to act under Article 265 (ex Article 232)• Appeals on points of law under Article 256 (ex Article 225)• References for a preliminary ruling under Article 267 (ex

Article 234)

European Court of Justice

General Court (former Court of the First Instance)• Actions for annulment• Actions for damages• Actions based on an arbitration clause

Sources of law

Primary sources of the European Law:• Treaty on European Union (TEU)• Treaty on the Functioning of the European

Union (TFEU)

Sources of Law

Secondary sources of the EU law• Regulations under Article 288 of the

Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (formerly Article 249 TEC).

• Directives under Article 288 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (formerly Article 249 TEC).

• Recommendations under Article 288 of the Treaty on European Union (formerly Article 249 TEC)

• Decisions under Article 288 of the Treaty on European Union (formerly Article 249 TEC)