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EuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine

POLICIES&PROCEDURES,PART2:

AVIANSPECIALTY

UPDATEDMarch2018

RegisteredAddress:EuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine

Yalelaan108,NL-3584CMUtrecht,TheNetherlands.

e-mail:admin@eczm.euwebsite:www.eczm.eu

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TheEuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine(ECZM)recognizesfiveseparatespecialtiesundertheECZMumbrella;Avian,Herpetology,SmallMammal;WildlifePopulationHealthandZooHealthManagement.

TheavianspecialtyPolicies&Procedures,Part2documentfollowsthestructurebelow:

Chapter1:Introduction

Chapter2:RequirementsforadmissiontotheEuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine

Chapter3:AvianResidencyProgrammes

Chapter4:ExaminationCredentialingandApplicationProcedure

Chapter5:AvianApprovedResidencyTrainingSites

Chapter6:AvianReadingList

Appendix1:ECZM-avianself-assessmentchecklistforapprovalofresidencytrainingsites

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Chapter1:Introduction

Zoologicalmedicine,thestateoftheartmedicaltreatmentandcareofzoologicalspecies,otherthanthetraditionaldomesticanimals,isadistinctspecializedfieldofveterinarymedicine,whichissub-dividedintospecialtiesaccordingtothetaxonomicalgroupordisciplineinwhichthespecialistisacknowledged.TheEuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine(ECZM)isanumbrellaorganizationwhichaimstoincludeveterinarymedicineofanimalspeciesotherthanthetraditionaldomesticspecies.TheECZMevolvedfromtheEuropeanCollegeofAvianMedicineandSurgery(ECAMS),whichwasfoundedinAugust1993.ECAMSwasfoundedaccordingtotheguidelineslaiddownintheReportandRecommendationsontheTransnationalOrganisationofVeterinarySpecialisation(III/F/5385/5/91),whichwasadoptedbytheAdvisoryCommitteeonVeterinaryTrainingoftheEuropeanCommissionatitsmeetingon12thFebruary1992.TheECAMSwasaninitiativeoftheEuropeanCommitteeoftheAssociationofAvianVeterinarians,whichinturnresultedfrominitiativesinthelateeighties/earlyninetiesinEuropeandothernon-Europeancountries(i.e.USA,Australia,Israel)inresponsetoagrowingdemandforbetteravianmedicalandsurgicalservicesforbirdsthroughspecialization,andaneedtoharmonizecertificationinthisarea.In1995,ECAMSgainedfullrecognitionoftheEBVS.AsareactiontorequestsfromtheveterinaryfielddirectedattheEuropeanBoardofVeterinarySpecialisation(EBVS)todevelopspecialtiesinfieldsofzoologicalmedicineotherthantheavianfield,negotiationswereinitiatedbetweenrepresentativesfromEBVS,ECAMSandtheEuropeanAssociationofZooandWildlifeVeterinarians(EAZVW)andotherinterestedparties.Theneedforspecializationinvarioustaxonomicalfieldswasrecognizedtosafeguardfuturedevelopmentsinzoologicalmedicine,aswellastoincreasethepublics’recognitionofthisfieldofveterinarymedicine.FinallyECAMStooktheinitiative,seekingpermissionofEBVS,tochangeitsnametotheECZM,thenformingaseriesoftaxonomicanddisciplineSpecialities,withintheumbrellaorganisationofECZM.ApprovalforthisconceptwasagreedinprinciplebyEBVSattheirAGMinApril2008.InprincipalEBVSjudgedthistobeagoodideaandbasedonthisEBVSjudgementanofficialdecisionwasmadeatthe2008AnnualGeneralMeetingofECAMStobroadenthescopeofthecollegetoincludeothertaxonomicgroupsofanimalsandchangethenameoftheCollegeintoEuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine.AsataxonrelateddisciplinetheAvianSpecialtyisclinicallyorientedandinvolvesvariousmedicalandsurgicaldisciplinesandvariousbodysystemswithintheaviantaxon.Avianmedicine,thestateoftheartmedicaltreatmentandcareofavianspecies,otherthanthetraditional(commercial/farmed)poultry,isadistinctspecializedfieldofveterinarymedicine.Diplomatesinavianmedicineandsurgeryworkprimarilyasclinicianswhoareconcernedwithallaspectsofdiagnosisandmanagementofdiseasesofbirdsotherthancommercialpoultry(i.e.companionbirdssuchaspsittacinesandpasserines,ornamentalbirds,zooandaviarybirdsincludingpenguins,flamingos,ratites,waterfowl,racingpigeons,birdskeptforfalconry,free-rangebirds,).TheprimaryobjectiveoftheCollegeistoadvanceavianmedicineinEuropeandincreasethecompetencyofthosewhopracticeinthisfieldby:

a)Establishingguidelinesforpost-graduateeducationandexperienceprerequisitetobecomeaspecialistinthespecialtiesofavianmedicine.

b)Examiningandauthenticatingveterinariansasspecialistsintheavianspecialtiestoservetheirrespectivepatients,theirownersandthepublicingeneralandbyprovidingexpertcare.

c)Encouragingresearchandothercontributionstoknowledgerelatingtoavianmedicineandpromotingcommunicationanddisseminationofthisknowledge.

d)PromotingDiplomatesoftheCollegeasEuropeanVeterinarySpecialistsinZoologicalMedicine(avian).

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e)Promotingavianmedicinewithintheveterinarystudentcurriculum.f)Promotingcontinuedimprovementofpracticestandardsandknowledgeinclinicalavian

medicinethroughcontinuingeducation,andself-assessment.g)Promotingwisestewardship,responsiblemanagement,sustainabilityandpreservationof

captiveandfree-rangingavianspeciesandtheirhabitats.h)Improvingandpromotingthestructureofhealthcareforbirds,therebyimprovingits

perceptionandunderstandingbyowners,veterinarypractitionersi)Promotingthepreventionofzoonosesandotherailmentsassociatedwithavianspecies.

Afurtherobjectiveistoincreaseawarenessofavianmedicineintheveterinaryandalliedprofessions,andthepublicbypromotingthebenefitsthatmembersoftheCollegecanbringlocally,nationallyandinternationallyonallissuesrelatingtothehealth,welfare,diseases,zoonosesandbiosecurityastheyrelatetoaviancare,management,andmedicine.

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Chapter2:RequirementsforadmissiontotheEuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicineTherequirementsforadmissiontotheCollegeasaDiplomateandbeingaSpecialistarespecifiedintheBylawsoftheCollege,inlinewiththePoliciesandProceduresdeterminedbytheEBVS.TherequirementslistedbelowareacondensedversionChapter4ofthePoliciesandProcedures,Part1:GeneralInformationandtherequirementsfoundinArticle4intheECZMConstitution.DiplomatesoftheavianspecialtyappointedbytheCollegeareveterinarianswho:

§ Havedemonstratedfitnessandabilitytopractiseavianmedicineandsurgerybymeetingthe

establishedtrainingandexperiencerequirementsasassessedbytheCollege,includingpublicationrequirements.

§ Haveattainedacceptablescoresintheavianexamination.

§ Demonstratemoralandethicalstandingintheprofessionandpractisescientific,evidence-

basedveterinarymedicine,whichcomplieswithanimalwelfarelegislation.

§ Practiseavianmedicineandsurgeryforatleast60%oftheirtime,basedona40hourworkingweek(i.e>24hours/week).

§ Arere-evaluatedevery5yearsusingastandardre-certificationprocess.

EachindividualwhosatisfiestheaboverequirementsshallbeauthorizedtousethedesignationofDiplomateoftheEuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine(Avian),abbreviatedtoDipECZM(Avian).Theindividualisalsoawarded,bytheEBVS,thetitleofEuropeanVeterinarySpecialist™inAvianMedicineandSurgery,followingsuccessfulre-evaluationevery5years.EachDiplomateisexpectedtoactivelyparticipateinthescientificandbusinessaffairsoftheCollege.FurtherinformationonspecificrequirementsforprospectivecandidatesisalsofoundintheECZMPoliciesandProcedures,Part1:GeneralInformation.

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Chapter3:ECZMAvianResidencyProgrammesTheResidencyProgrammewillfocusprimarilyonbirdsotherthancommercialpoultryandpreparetheResidentforexaminationinthatdiscipline.3a)GeneralObjectivesoftheAvianSpecialityTrainingProgramme

§ Comprehensive knowledge of general anatomy, physiology and immunology is expected.Theavianspecialistshouldbeawareofimportantvariationsbetweenthedifferentordersofbirds, understanding the natural history, particularly in regard to their feeding habits andnutritional requirements.Alsowhichof thesebirds is territorial (all the timeoronlywhenbreeding)andwhichispotentiallyaggressiveandpredatory.

§ The candidatemust be able to assess diets, understand the formulationof diets for birds

andbeawareofthecurrenttrendsinnutrition.Theymusthaveasoundknowledgeoftheinteraction of nutrition & health. An avian specialist should be familiar with the variousaspectsofhusbandryandmanagement,includingpropagation,neonatalanddevelopmentalcare.

§ Genetic principles and their application in birds must be understood by the specialist. A

detailed knowledge of the diseases of avian patients (aetiology, epidemiology, pathology,diagnosis, treatment and control) is required. It is not sufficient to know the pathogensresponsible for thedisease, but it is also important tohave knowledgeonwhich typesofdisease occur more commonly in various groups. Also to have a knowledge of whichpathogensinfectawiderangeofspeciesincludinghumansacrossthetaxonomicrange.Theavian specialist needs to know the gross pathology of each disease butwill realise that aspecificdiagnosiscanonlybeconfirmedbyusingappropriatelaboratorytechniques.

§ Specialistsmustbefamiliarwithcommontoxinswhicharemostlikelytoaffectbirds.Theymust know the clinical signs these toxins produce and be familiar with the differentialdiagnosis.Specialistswillneedtoknowwhichbodytissuesandspecimensarerequiredbyalaboratory for the identification of the toxin. It is important that the clinician is adept atgatheringcircumstantialinformationincasesofpoisoning.

§ It is necessary to have a general knowledge of the legislation affecting the field and a

detailedknowledgeofthelegislationrelatingtotheroleoftheveterinarypractitionerinthefield (e.g. CITES, legislation with regard to import and export of birds, animal welfare,legislation regardinganimals, theirnests,eggsandotherderivativesas relevant.Wildbirdprotection, legislation on hunting and capture of birds, the use of drugs and immuno-biologicals).

§ Theavian specialist shouldhavehadextensivepractical experiencewith awide varietyof

species,takingintoaccountallthedifferentwaysbirdsmaybekept,dependingontheiruseandsituation.

§ Thespecialistmustbecompetentinthevariousskillsassociatedwiththefieldincluding

history taking, catching and handling birds, and clinical examination of individual orgroups of animals for assessment of clinical condition, for clinical pathology samplecollection,vaccinationandmedicationmethods(includingtube-feeding)andinadditionanaestheticandsurgicalprocedures.

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§ A detailed knowledge of the advanced diagnostic possibilities in avian medicine (e.g.haematology, blood chemistry, endocrinological tests, immunology tests, diagnosticimaging,includingradiography,ultrasonographyandcontraststudies,diagnosticendoscopy,electrocardiography,aspirationbiopsy,parasitology,microbiology,cytology)andtheabilitytointerpretedresultsofthesetechniquesisexpected.

§ Avian specialists must have sound knowledge of the principles of individual and group

medication of their patients. This includes knowledge on the pharmacokinetics andbioavailability of drugs which are suitable for treating their avian patients and also thevariousmethodsofadministration.

§ Theavianspecialistshouldbefamiliarwiththetechniquesofradio-surgeryandknowabout

such routine techniques as endoscopy and beak repair, the principles of orthopaedicsurgery, surgeryof thegastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tractand reproductive tracts,etc.Aspecialistinavianmedicineshallbeabletohandleemergenciesinbirds.

3b)PrerequisitesforspecialtytrainingDetailsofthetrainingrequiredpriortoundertakingaresidencyprogrammecanbefoundinsection5.2ofthePoliciesandProcedures,Part1,GeneralInformation.In summary, this first period must be a one year rotating multi-disciplinary internship (in anyspecies)or2years ingeneralpractice.Thisperiodof trainingmustbeapprovedby theEducationand Residency prior to starting a residency training programme, butpre-approval of this trainingperiodisnotrequired. 3c)Residencyprogrammedescription Asecondperiodshallcompriseathree-year(minimum)postgraduatetrainingprogramme(standardresidency)oranalternateprogrammeundersupervisionofanavianDiplomateofECZM. Thespecificrequirementsforastandardresidencyprogrammeoranalternateroutecanbefoundinchapter5of thePoliciesandProcedures,Part1:General Informationand, inparticularsections5.3–5.6.Thisperiod isdesignedtoeducate the residentprimarily in theartandscienceofavianmedicine.There shall be instruction in avian anatomy, physiology, diagnostic imaging, anaesthesiology,ophthalmology, clinical pathology, surgery, clinical nutrition, epidemiology, preventive medicine,andgrosspathology.

A. Avian medical service rotations facilitate the development of the knowledge, skill, andproficiencyviaexposuretoawidevarietyofrespectivediseasestogetherwiththeguidanceandcollaborationofavianspecialists.

1. Atleast60%ofthe3yearresidencyprogrammemustbespentonanavianmedical

andsurgicalserviceunderthedirectsupervisionofanECZMavianDiplomate.

2. Residentresponsibilities:thedegreeofresponsibilityassumedbytheResidentshallbeappropriatetothenatureoftheprocedureandtrainingexperience.TheResidentonanavianmedicalandsurgicalserviceshallberesponsiblefor:

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a)Receivingclinicappointments.b)Supervisingdailymanagementofhospitalizedanimals.c)Participationinclinicalteachingd)Providingoptimalclinicalserviceandpromptprofessionalcommunications.

3. The case load of the institution must be large enough to afford the candidate

adequate exposure to all required phases of practice of the avian specialty. Theminimum acceptable number of accessions will depend upon the difficulty of theproblemandtheextentoftreatmentprovided,butshouldconsistofatleast10(ten)aviancasesperweek.Relevantgroupsitevisits/consultationsshouldbeapartofthecaseload.Incasethatimportantavianspeciesareunderrepresentedacollaborationwithotherinstitutesshouldbeconsidered.

While a minimum case load is necessary to develop clinical experience, thecandidatemustalsobeprovidedwithsufficienttimetoevaluatepatientsproperly,to study,and toparticipate in rounds,workshops,workwithotherBoardCertifiedSpecialistsandtolecture.Thisshouldbeaminimumof4hoursaweek.

B. Anaesthesiology, diagnostic imaging, surgery, commercial poultry and pathology service

rotations:

1. Anaesthesiology: During the residency period the Residentmust obtain a total oftwo (2) weeks (equals 10 working days) of training under the supervision of aDiplomate,EuropeanorAmericanCollegeofVeterinaryAnaesthesiologistsor theirequivalent.

2. Diagnosticimaging:DuringtheresidencyperiodtheResidentmustobtainatotalof

atleasttwo(2)weeks(equals10workingdays)oftrainingunderthesupervisionofaDiplomate,EuropeanorAmericanCollegeofVeterinaryDiagnostic Imagingortheirequivalent

3. Surgery:Aone(1)month(equals20workingdays)instructionandtrainingonbasic

surgical principles, radio-surgery and microsurgery under the supervision ofDiplomateEuropeanorAmericanCollegeofVeterinarySurgery,ortheirequivalent,isrequiredduringtheresidencyperiod.

4. Avian pathology: During the residency period the resident must obtain four (4)

weeks(equals20workingdays)oftrainingunderthesupervisionofaDiplomateinPathologyinadditiontoevaluating30postmortemexaminationsofavianpatients,seenasclinicalcases.Those30postmortemcasereportsneedtobeverifiedbyaDiplomate European or American College of Veterinary Pathology, or theirequivalent or a pathologist approved by the Education and Residency Committee.The theoretical andpractical training indiagnosticpathological techniques inbirdsshould include autopsy technique, correct handling andpreservationof specimensfor further examination, cytology, histology and microbiology (theoretical andpracticaltraining).

5. Commercialpoultrymedicine:Knowledgeandskillsconcernedwiththepracticeof

commercial poultry medicine should include theoretical and practical training,preferablyincooperationwithPoultryHealthDepartmentforfour(4)weeks(equals20working days) under the supervision of a European or AmericanDiplomate, or

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their equivalent). A specialist in avianmedicine and surgerymust have a workingknowledgeofthoseaspectsofpoultrymedicinewhichareapplicabletothespecialtyavian medicine and surgery; must be acquainted with the most common poultrydiseases. This training should enable the Diplomate to perform diagnostic andtherapeuticprocedures inbackyardpoultry (i.e. non-commercialAnseriformesandGalliformes)andtotakeactionsonthebasisofknowledgeoflegislation,preventivemedicine,zoonoses,nutritionandhusbandry.

C. Emergencyduty: theresidentmustparticipate inanavianmedicalandsurgicalemergency

service.D. Residentsmustspendatleast20%oftheirProgrammeinanyorallofthefollowingways:

1.Researchorclinicalinvestigation.2.Preparationofscientificmanuscripts.3.Graduatedegreestudies.4.Anaesthesiology,diagnosticimaging,surgery,pathology,andcommercialpoultryexternalservicerotationrequirements.

E. Studyandeducation

1. A minimum of fifty hours of formal continual professional development (CPD) isrequired per year. This may be within the residency training site, or at local, ,regionalandnationalavianmeetings.

2. Required attendance: duringmedical service rotations, the Resident is required to

attend avian clinical pathological rounds or resident rounds, internal CPD such asjournal clubs andavianward rounds. The aforementionedare recommendedon aweeklybasisbutareformallyrequiredtwice-monthly.

3. Optionalattendance:thefollowingconferencesarerecommendedforattendance:

a. Conferencesrelevanttobirdsb. Poultrydiseaseconferencesc. Veterinaryinternalmedicineconferencesd. Veterinaryanaesthesiologyconferences.e. Veterinarydiagnosticimagingconferences.f. Veterinarypathologyconferences.g. Veterinarysurgeryconferences.h. Scientificjournalclubs.i. Other scientific presentations, including human medical

conferences.

4. Additionallyattendanceofatleasttwointernationalmedicineconferences,relevanttoavianmedicineisrequiredduringtheresidencyperiod.

F. Researchandpublications(alsorefertochapter4):

1. Research project: the Resident must complete an investigative project thatcontributestotheadvancementofavianmedicineandsurgery.

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2. Publications:.

(i) One original, peer-reviewed scientific research paper in avian medicine. Thecandidatemustbe theprincipal author and thepublicationmustbementioned intheScienceCitationIndexortheECZMavianreadinglist.

(ii) Two original, peer-reviewed case report or scientific research paper in avianmedicine. The candidate can be the principal author or co-author and thepublication must be mentioned in the Science Citation Index or the ECZM avianreadinglist.

G. Teachingresponsibilities:

The Resident is required to participate in the clinical education of graduate veterinariansand/orveterinarymedicalstudentsassignedtothemedicineandsurgeryrotations

H. Documentation

TheresidentisresponsibleformaintainingandtimelysubmissionofthereportingpackagetotheEducationandResidencyCommitteeasdescribedinPoliciesandProcedures;Part1,sections5.6.Theavianspecialtyisconsideredaclinicalresidencyprogramandthereforefollowsthereportsubmissionfrequency3-3-6-6-6-6months(PoliciesandProcedures:Part1,section5.6.1).Thereportsmustbemaintainedandsubmittedintheofficiallyapprovedspecialtyreporttemplatesasdescribedbelow:1.MedicalandSurgicalCaseLogAmedicalandsurgicalCaseLogmustbemaintainedbytheResidentlistingthecasenumber(runningtotal),dateofinitialpresentation,clinicalnumber,species,clinicalsigns,organsysteminvolved,medicalorsurgicalproceduresperformed(includingfindingsofdiagnostictests),tentative/differentialand/orfinaldiagnosis,treatmentinitiatedandoutcomeofthecase.Inaddition,theResidentwilldesignatewhetherthecasepresentedasanelective/routinevisitoremergencycase,whetherthecasewassupervisedbyaDiplomateorno,andwhattheResident’sresponsibilitywaswithregardtothecase(i.e.,assistantorprimaryclinician).TheResidentmaybeconsideredtobetheprimaryclinicianwhenthatindividualcandocumentasignificantroleinallofthefollowingaspectsofmanagement:determinationorconfirmationofthediagnosis,provisionofpreoperativecare,selectionandperformanceofappropriateoperativeprocedure,directionofthepostoperativecare,andaccomplishmentsofsufficientfollow-uptobeacquaintedwiththecourseofthediseaseandtheoutcomeofitstreatment.Whereacaseisseenseveraltimes,allfollowupvisitsshouldappearwiththeinitialexamination,althoughdatedasthedateofeachexamination.Inaddition,theResidentmustlistunexpectedcomplications(morbidity/mortality)intheCaseLog,iftheyhaveoccurred(includingdetails/reasonfortheunexpectedmorbidity/mortality,ifknown).Foranypatientthathasdiedandanecropsyhasbeen

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performed,theresidentshouldlistthesefindingsintheCaseLogaswell(includinggrossnecropsyfindingsaswellasfindingsofadditionaltestssuchashistopathology,cytology,cultureandsensitivityandthepostmortemdiagnosis)..2.ResidentProceduresLogAResidentProceduresLogmustbemaintainedwhichlistsarunningtotalofspecialproceduresperformed.Specialproceduresarethosediagnosticortreatmentproceduresrequiredbeyondroutinephysicalexamination,suchas,bloodchemistryandhaematology,cultureandsensivitytesting,cytology,biopsycollectionandhistopathology,radiology,ultrasonography,endoscopy,anesthesia(withfacemaskorintubation),orthopaedicandsoft-tissuesurgery3.ResidentActivityLogAResidentActivityLogismaintainedwhichincludesanoverviewofthe(internal)continuingeducationfollowedbytheResident,aswellasanypresentationsandpublicationsoftheResident.Thiscontinuingeducationtobelistedinthelogincludesall(inter)nationalconferences,seminarsandlecturesattendedbytheResident,includingdetailsofthosemeetings(date,occasion,location,duration,topicandspeakers).Anypresentations/lecturesgivenbytheResident,aswellasthepeer-reviewedpublicationsofwhichtheResidentislistedasafirstorco-author,shouldalsobeincludedinthislog,includingdetailswithregardtothelecture(date,location,occasion,audience,duration,topic)orpublication(listofallco-authors,title,journalandfullbibliographicdetails).4.ResidentPathologyLogThisisrequiredtodocumentthepost-mortemcasesasdescribedinsection3cB.4above.5.ResidentLogandProgrammeSummaryFormTheResidentLogSummaryformprovidesasummaryofthecasesseenperyearbytheResidentthroughouttheTrainingPeriod,includingthetotalnumberofcasesbysystem,thenumberofsurgicalandmedicalcases,thenumberofroutineandemergencycases,asummaryofresidentsroleinthesecases(assistantorprimary),andasummaryofthenumberofcasesthathavebeensupervised.6.ResidentProgressReportThisProgressReportcontainsasummaryoftheresidentsactivitythroughouttheresidencyperiodandincludesanup-to-dateoverviewoftheresidency,includingthe%ofsupervision,totalnumberofcasesseensofar,daysofspecialisttrainingthathavebeencompletedinthevariousdisciplines,hoursofcompletedCPD,numberofinternationalconferencesattendedandprogresswithregardtotheresearchproject,numberofpublicationsinpeer-reviewedjournalsandpresentations/lectures.7.SupervisorProgressreport

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SimilartotheResident,theResidentSupervisorwillalsosubmitaSupervisorProgressReporttotheEducationandResidencyCommittee,inwhichtheSupervisorstatesthathe/shehasseenandverifiedtheCaseLogsubmittedbytheResident,aswellashis/herexpectationswithregardtocompletionoftheresidencyandadditionalconcernsand/oractionstobetaken.Inaddition,theresidentisrequiredtocompleteanannualResidencyEvaluationForm.ThisissubmittedtotheChairoftheEducationandResidencyCommittee,andgivestheresidentanopportunitytoevaluatetheresidencyprogrammetheyaretakingpartin.Theinformationisstrictlyconfidentialandifproblemsareraised,theChairwillcontacttheresidentprivatelytodiscussthingsfurther.Latesubmissionofreportsmaybesubjecttosanctionsasdetailedinsection5.6.3ofthePoliciesandProcedures;Part1;GeneralInformation.

3d)FacilitiesRequiredforResidenciesA. Imagingservices:separateroomsandappropriateequipmentforcomprehensivediagnostic

imaginganddarkroomprocessingmustbeavailablewhereapplicable,ordigitaldiagnosticimaging canbeused.A33MA125KVP radiographicmachine is aminimum for adequateexamination.Suitableplatesandviewers.Labelling,recordingandfiling/documentingofallradiographs.Safetymonitoryismandatory.Ultrasonographicequipment(suitableforavianpatients)ECGEndoscopyequipmentforinternalvisualisationandbiopsycollectionInadditionfluoroscopy,knowledgeaboutMRIandCT.Equipmentmustbeusedbyandinterpretationconductedbyresidents.

B. Pathology services: Clinical pathology: a clinical pathology laboratory for haematology,

clinical chemistry, microbiology, and cytological diagnosis must be available either byinternalorexternallaboratory.Clinicalpathologyreportsmustberetainedandretrievable.

Morphologic pathology: A separate room for gross pathologic examination must beavailable.Facilities forhistopathologicalexaminationofnecropsy tissuesmustbeavailableeitherbyinternalorexternallaboratory.Anatomicpathologyreportsmustberetainedandretrievable.

C. Medicalandsurgicalfacilities:

1. Clinicalexaminationrooms:theexaminationroomsmustbedesigned,constructed,used,andmaintainedconsistentwiththecurrentconceptsofpractice.Theymustbesufficientinnumberandsizetoaccommodatethecaseload.

2. Treatment areas: Areas for intensive care, special procedures, isolation, and good

nursing must be available. Intensive care units r with heat control and oxygendeliverysystem(e.g. intheformofahumanincubators)aremandatory,aswellasfacilitiesforfluidtherapyincludingasupplyofintraosseouscannulas.Considerationto biosecurity and control of pathogen spread between patients is advisory:Hospitalisationfacilities,withcontrolofcontagiousagents.

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Suitable enclosures (size, temperature, humidity), perches and visual seclusionwhere required, in-patient recording system, including daily weights andmedication.

3. Operating room: the operating rooms must be designed, constructed, used and

maintained consistent with current concepts of veterinary surgery. The surgeryroom(s)mustbesizedadequatelyforthepatient,staff,andassociatedequipment.Emergency lighting must be available. In accordance with modern standards, theseparatetheatreshouldonlybeusedforsurgicalprocedures..

4. Isolation facilities/Quarantine areas including appropriate consideration to

biosecurity and control of pathogen spread between units must be present andindividuallyequipped.Hospitalisationareasensuringgoodnursingmustbeavailablewithconsiderationtobiosecurityandcontrolofpathogenspreadbetweenpatients.

5. Anaesthetic and critical care equipment: appropriate anaesthetic and critical care

equipmentmustbeavailable.Anisofluranevaporizerwithandadequatescavengingsystem is mandatory. Routine monitoring of surgical patients with respiratory orcardiacmonitorsisrequired.Rangeofinductionmasks,agentsandsuitablecircuitsSuitablevolatileandparenteralagentsareessential.Sterilisedairsaccanulationequipment.ReadytohandemergencyresuscitationequipmentRecordofanaestheticdifficulties.

6. Surgical instrumentation:afullcomplementofgeneralandspecial instrumentation

fordiagnosticandsurgicalproceduresmustbeavailable.Ophthalmologicequipmentandorthopaedicinstrumentationsufficientforcurrentstandardsofpracticemustbepresent.Surgicalequipment:Softtissue:radio-surgeryincludingbipolarmustbeavailableandinuse.Haemoclips.magnificationandgoodilluminationisessential.Micro-surgicalinstruments(suitablenumbers,qualityetc)SuitablesuturematerialsSuitablesterilisationmethodsandverificationtechniquesOrthopaedic:Suitablepins(threaded),wire,ESFfixators,drill(+shroud),splints.

7. Sterilization:steamand/orheatsterilizationofsurgicalinstrumentationandsupplies

must be available, and the sterilization capacitymust be commensurate with theaviancaseload.

D. Library/Documentation

Medicallibrary:alibrarycontainingrecenttextbooksandcurrentjournalsrelatingtoavianmedicine and its supporting disciplines must be immediately accessible to the Resident(workingcollection).Allbooksandjournalsonthereadinglistshouldbeaccessibletotheresidentandavailableintheinstitutionthatrunstheresidencyprogram.

Medical records:acompletemedical recordmustbemaintained foreach individualcaseand rapid retrieval of information about any patient or flock should be possible. Theproblemorientedmedicalrecord(POMR)systemisrecommended

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Photography:photographicequipment(includingvideo)forthedocumentationofdiseasemustbeavailable.

Asummaryofthefacilityrequirementscanbefoundintheself-inspectionforminappendix1.

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Chapter4:ExaminationCredentialingandApplicationProcedureExaminationCredentialingTheprocess,documentation,anddeadlinesrequiredtocredentialtositanECZMexaminationisdetailedinchapter6ofthePoliciesandProcedures,Part1:GeneralInformation.

Listedbelowisasummarizedversionofthatsectionwithreferencetospecificavianspecialtyrequirements.ApplicantsareadvisedtorefertoBOTHthislistandsection6.4.ofthePoliciesandProcedures,Part1:GeneralInformation,inordertosubmitacompleteapplicationforexaminationcredentialing.

§ CoveringLetter

§ CurriculumVitae

§ Referenceletter(s)fromtheprogrammesupervisor(s)ofeachinstitutioninvolvedinthetrainingprogramme.

§ Documentationlogs.ForaviantheseincludeMedicalandSurgicalCaseLog,ResidentProceduresLog,ResidentActivityLog,ResidentPathologyLog(ifneeded),ResidentLogandProgrammesummaryfrom.Ifthetrainingprogrammeisnotyetfinished,thenthelogsmustbecompleteuptothetimeofapplication.

§ Publications.Three(3)originalpeerreviewedpapersinavianmedicine,publishedinawellestablishedinternationallyrefereedscientificjournal(i.e.mentionedintheScienceCitationIndexorontheavianspecialtyreadinglist).Ofone(1)ofthesepaperstheapplicantmustbetheprincipalauthoranditmustbetheresultofanoriginalresearchproject;oftheothers,theapplicantisnotnecessarilytheprincipalauthor.Publicationsmustbealreadypublishedorfullyacceptedforpublicationasevidencedbyaletterfromtheeditor.Anypublicationmeetingtheabovementionedrequirementswillbeacknowledgediftheywerepublishedoracceptedforpublicationwithinthe5yearsleadinguptocredentialingfortheexamination.

First author co-authorships between different residents will only be accepted under theconditionthatallfirstauthorscandemonstrateanequalcontributiontothearticleandthattheyworkedindividuallyindifferentpartsofthearticle,butthattheypresentit inasinglepaperinordertomakethearticlestronger.

Interimarrangement–residentswhostartedtheirresidenciespriorto2018maychoosetocredentialfortheexaminationusingtherequirementsinplaceatthetimetheystartedtheirprogram. This includes 2 publications and 5 case reports as detailed in ECZMPolicies andProcedures, Part 2; Avian Specialty, editedOctober 2016 (available on request). TheymayalsochosetocredentialfortheexaminationusingtheupdatedrequirementslistedabovebutNOTamixtureoftherequirements.

§ Anyrelevantpreviouscorrespondencerelatingtothetrainingprogrammeandapplication.

§ EvidenceofpaymentofCredentialingforExaminationfee.TheapplicationmaterialsmustbearrangedasdetailedaboveandsentelectronicallytotheECZMSecretarybeforethedeadline.AnysubsequentcorrespondenceshouldbethroughtheSecretaryunlessadvisedotherwise.AllsubmittedapplicationmaterialsbecomethesolepropertyoftheECZMandwillnotbereturnedtotheapplicant.

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ApplyingforandsittingtheexaminationTheavianspecialtyexaminationandapplicationprocess,followsthegeneralformatofallCollegeexaminationsasdetailedinChapter7ofthePoliciesandProcedures,Part1:GeneralInformation.Candidatesareadvisedtoreadthatchapteralongsidethissection,sotheyarefullyinformedaboutallaspectsoftheapplicationandexamination.Theavianspecialtyexaminationwillaimtotestallaspectsofavianmedicineandsurgery.Itwillbecomposedoftwosections:

§ Thefirstsectionconsistsof100multiplechoicequestionseachworthonepoint(totalavailablethissection;100points).Eachmultiple-choicequestionconsistsoftwoparts:thestemandtheresponses.Thestemistheintroductorystatementorquestion.Theresponsesaresuggestedanswersthatcompletethestatementoranswerthequestionaskedinthestem.Foreachquestion,thereisonecorrectresponse,and4distractors.TheMCQexaminationis3hoursindurationonly,withnoadditionalperusaltime.

§ Thesecondpartisthepractical/writtenpartoftheexamandcontains27questionsspreadacross9“stations”,with3separatequestionsateachstation.Thequestionsrelatetoappropriateavianclinicalormanagementsituations.Eachquestionwillbereadorshowntothecandidateand20minuteswillbegiventoanswerbeforemovingon.Afterallquestionshavebeenseen,afurtherreviewperiodof20minuteswillbeallowed,wherethecandidatecanreturntoanystation,beforetheexampapersarehandedintotheexaminer.Eachquestionisworth10points(totalavailablethissection;270points).

TheintegrityoftheDiplomatestatusexaminationwillbemaintainedbytheEuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicinetoinsurethevalidityofscoresawardedtocandidates.Obligationsforthesuccessfulexaminationcandidateandrequirementsforre-applicationforanexamination,alongwithallotherpolicesanddeadlinesregardingtheexamarefoundinChapter7ofthePoliciesandProcedures,Part1:GeneralInformation.

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Chapter5:CurrentapprovedtrainingcentresLouisianaStateUniversity,SchoolofVeterinaryMedicine,DeptVCS,BatonRouge,UnitedStatesSupervisor:ThomasNTully ttully1@lsu.eduVetsNowReferrals,Swindon,UnitedKingdomSupervisor:NeilAForbesNeil.Forbes@vets-now.comUnversitätLeipzig,InstituteforAvianandReptilianDiseases,Leipzig,GermanySupervisor:MariaKrautwald-JunghannsKrautwald@vogelklinik.uni-leipzig.deClinicforZooAnimals,ExoticPets+Wildlife,VetsuisseFaculty,UniversityofZurich,Zürich,SwitzerlandSupervisor:Jean-MichelHattjmhatt@vetclinics.uzh.chHealthSciencesCentre,OntarioVeterinaryCollege,UniversityofGuelph,Guelph,CanadaSupervisor:HuguesBeaufrereh.beaufrere@gmail.comFacultyofVeterinaryMedicine,DivisionofZoologicalMedicine,UtrechtUniversity,Utrecht,TheNetherlandsSupervisors:NicoSchoemaker,YvonneVanZeelandandInekeWesterofN.J.Schoemaker@uu.nl,y.r.a.vanzeeland@uu.nlandI.Westerhof@uu.nlVeterinariMontevecchia,23874,Montevecchia(LC),ItalySupervisor:LorenzoCrostalorenzo_birdvet@yahoo.comCentreHospitalierVétérinaireFrégis,Arcueil,FranceSupervisor:MinhHuynhtimmean@hotmail.com

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Chapter6:AvianReadingListThisdocumentisintendedtoassistresidentsincompilingalistoftextbooksandjournalsthatshouldbereadpriortosittingtheECZMAvianexamination.Theprogram/residentsupervisorshouldensuretheseareavailableatthemaininstitutionwheretheresidentworks,eitheraspartoftheuniversityorpracticelibrary,orownedpersonallybytheresidentorsupervisor.Itisimportantthattheresidenthasaccesstotheentirereadinglistasthisformsthebasisoftheexamination.Theresidentshouldensuretheyhavethelatest(currentyears)editionforexaminationpreparationasadditionaltextsandjournalsmayhavebeenaddedbytheexaminationteam.Itisimpossibleforsuchalisttobecomprehensiveandcoverallcurrentinformationonthediscipline.Itistheresident’sresponsibility(withtheassistanceoftheirsupervisorandprogramdirector)toensuretheyarecurrentonallrelevantinformationinthefield.Thereadinglistwillbecirculatedbythechairpersonatleast3monthspriortotheAGMforthemembersoftheavianspecialtytoputforwardanyup-to-datealterations.Thosewillthenbeintegratedintothereadinglistaimingtokeeptoapagelimitof10,000pages.AllavianDiplomatesarerequiredtorefertotheNominaAnatomicaAvium,aslistedbelow,foranatomicalnomenclatureandtoHowardandMoore(2003),aslistedbelow,fornamesofspecieswhenwritingmaterialforECZM.ThereadinglistconsistsofaCompulsoryBibliographicReadingListandaConsultativeBibliographicReadingList.Theup-datedversionscanalsobefoundonthewebsite.Readinglisteditedin2016andvalidfortheexaminationin2017:CompulsoryBibliographicReadingListRefereedJournalsPublishedinthe5previousyearspriortotheaccordingexam.Publicationsrelatedtowild,aviaryandpetbirds,aswellas(backyard)poultryonly.Alsoincludestheabstractsfromarticlesfromotherjournalswhicharenotincludedinthelistedjournals.(totalapprox.4000-4500p.)

A. AmericanJournalofVeterinaryResearchB. AvianDiseasesC. AvianPathologyD. JournaloftheAmericanVeterinaryMedicineAssociationE. JournalofAvianMedicineandSurgery.F. JournalofZooandWildlifeMedicine.G. JournalofExoticPetMedicine.H. VeterinaryClinicsofNorthAmerica,ExoticAnimalPractice.

BooksCampbellTWandGrantK.AvianandExoticAnimalHematologyandCytology,3rdedition,WileyandBlackwell,Oxford,2007(142p.)SelectedchaptersChapter1HematologyofBirdsChapter6ComparativeCytology

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Chapter7DiagnosticMicroscopyUsingWetMountPreparationsChittyJandLierzM.BSAVAManualofRaptors,PigeonsandPasserineBirds.BritishSmallAnimalVeterinaryAssociation,Quedgeley,Gloucester,2008.(336p.)GreenacreCB,MorishitaTY.BackyardPoultryMedicineandSurgery:AGuideforVeterinaryPractitioners.Wiley,2015(368p.)HarcourtBrownNandChittyJ.BSAVAPsittacineBirds,BritishSmallAnimalVeterinaryAssociation,Quedgeley,Gloucester,2005.(186p.)SelectedchaptersPart3Surgery Section10Softtissuesurgery Section11OrthopaedicandbeaksurgeryPart4ClinicalSyndromes Section12Nutritionandnutritionaldiseases Section13Systemicinfectiousdisease Section14Respiratorydisease Section15Gastointestinaldisease Section16Featherandskindisorders Section18Reproductionandpaediatrics Section19Neurologyandophthalmology Section20Systemicnon-infectiousdisease Section21ThesicksmallpsittacidHarrisonGandLightfootT.ClinicalAvianMedicine,SpixPublications,PalmBeach,Florida,2005(104p.)SelectedChaptersVolumeIChapter12EvaluatingandTreatingtheCardiovascularSystem(16p.)VolumeIIChapter21PreventiveMedicineandScreening(14p.)Chapter27UpdateonC.psittaci:AShortComment(2p.)Chapter30ImplicationsofMacrorhabdusinClinicalDisorders(10p.)Chapter32ImplicationsofVirusesinClinicalDisorders(26p.)Chapter39ManagementofCanaries,FinchesandMynahs(36p.)KingASandMcLellandJ.Theirstructureandfunction,2ndedition,BallièreTindall,London,1984.(314p.)Krautwald-JunghannsM-A,PeesM,ReeseSandThomasT.DiagnosticImagingofExoticPets,Schlütersche,Hannover,2011(141p.)AvianchaptersonlyLuescherAU.Manualofparrotbehaviour.Blackwellpublishing,Oxford,2006.(105p.)SelectedChaptersChapter10Hand-Rearing:BehavioralImpactsandImplicationsforCaptivaParrotWelfareChapter16ClinicalEvaluationofPsittacineBehaviouralDisordersChapter17DiagnosticWorkupofSuspectedBehaviouralProblemsChapter18AggressiveBehaviourinPetBirdsChapter19ParrotVocalization

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Chapter20ParrotsandFearChapter21ProblemSexualBehavioursofCompanionParrotsChapter22MateTraumaChapter23Feather-PickingDisorderinPetBirdsChapter24PsittacineBehaviouralPharmacotherapyLumeijJT.AvianClinicalBiochemistry.In:KanekoJJ,HarveyJWandBrussML(ed).ClinicalBiochemistryofDomesticAnimals,6thedition,pp839-872,Elsevier/AcademicPress,Amsterdam/Boston,2008.(33p.)MillerERandFowlerME,Saunders(W.B.)ZooandWildAnimalMedicine,CoLtd;6th,7thand8threvisededition,2007,2012,2014(resp.55,97,and171p.)AvianchaptersonlyOroszSEetal.AvianSurgicalAnatomy,WBSaunders,Philadelphia,1992.(129p.)RitchieBW,HarrisonGJandHarrisonLR.AvianMedicine:PrinciplesandApplication,WingersPublishing,LakeWorth,Florida,1994.(1170p.)ExceptSection7onComparativeMedicineandManagementSamourJ(ed).AvianMedicine,3rdedition,Elsevier,London,2016.(608p.)SchmidtRE,ReavillDRandPhalen,DN.PathologyofPetandAviaryBirds,2ndedition,WileyBlackwell,2015.(312p.)SpeerB.CurrentVeterinaryTherapyinAvianMedicineandSurgery.Elsevier,2016.(928p.)TullyTNandShaneS.M(eds).RatiteManagementMedicineandSurgery,KriegerPublishingCompany,Malabar,1996.(177p.)WhittowGC.Sturkie’sAvianPhysiology,6thedition,Elsevier,Boston,2015.(174p.)

Selectedchapters:Chapter12.Osmoregulatorysystemsofbirds(15p)Chapter13.Respiration(35p)Chapter14.Gastrointestinalanatomyandphysiology(29p)Chapter30.Reproductioninthefemale(28p)Chapter31.Reproductioninmalebirds(26p)Chapter6.Stressinbirds(41p) ConsultativeBibliographicReadingListThesetextsareconsideredusefulbutcandidateswillNOTbespecificallyexaminedonthese.Othertextslistedheremaybeoutofprintanddifficulttosourcebutareusefulifobtainable.ProceedingsPublishedinthe5previousyears.Avianpublicationsonly

A. AmericanAssociationofZooVeterinarians.B. AssociationofAvianVeterinarians.C. EuropeanAssociationofAvianVeterinarians.D. EuropeanCollegeofZoologicalMedicine(Avian)ScientificMeetings.E. EuropeanAssociationofZooWildlifeVeterinarians.

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Books(Aviansectionsonly)AltmanRB,ClubbS,DorresteinGandQuesenberryK.AvianMedicineandSurgery,WBSaunders,Philadelphia,1997.AndersonBrownAFandRobbinsGES.TheNewIncubationBook,WorldPheasantAssociation,MilleniumEdition,Fordingbridge,2002.ArentLR.RaptorsinCaptivity:GuidelinesforCareandManagement,HancockHouse,Blaine,2007.AtkinsonCT,ThomasNJ,HunterB.ParasiticDiseasesofWildBirds.Wiley,Ames,Iowa,2008.BaumelJJetal.HandbookofAvianAnatomy.NominaAnatomicaAvium,2ndedition,NuttalOrnithologicalClub,Cambridge,1993.BirdDMandBildsteinKL.Raptors:ResearchandManagementTechniques,RaptorResearchFoundation,HancockHouse,Blaine,2007.Clements,J.F.,Schulenberg,T.S.,Iliff,M.J.,Sullivan,B.L.,Wood,C.L.,&Roberson,D.TheeBird/Clementschecklistofbirdsoftheworld:Version6.7,2013.Availableforfreeonlineat:http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/downloadable-clements-checklist.CooperJE.CaptiveBirdsinHealthandDisease,HancockHouse,Blaine,2003.DelHoyoJ,ElliotAandChristieD(eds).TheHandbookofBirdsoftheWorld,Lynxedicions,volume1-15,Barcelona,Spain,1992-2010.DelHoyoJ,CollarNJ.HBWandBirdLifeInternationalIllustratedChecklistoftheBirdsoftheWorld.Volume1.Non-passerines.LynxEdicionsPublications,Barcelona,Spain,2014.Note:Volume2(Passerines)tobereleasedin2016 FudgeAM.LaboratoryMedicine.AvianandExoticPets,WBSaunders,Philadelphia,2000GageLJandDuerrRS.Hand-RearingBirds,BlackwellPublishing,Oxford,2007.HarrisonGandLightfootT.ClinicalAvianMedicine,SpixPublications,PalmBeach,Florida,2005Volume1&IIHowardRandMooreA.3rdEd.ACompleteChecklistoftheBirdsoftheWorld,AcademicPress,Oxford,2003.JepsonL.ExoticAnimalMedicine:AquickReferenceGuide,SaundersElsevier,Oxford,2009.Chapters5Parrotsandrelatedspecies.6Songbirdsandsoftbills.Klasing,KC.ComparativeAvianNutrition.CABIPublishing,1998.LoyeJEandZukM.Bird-ParasiteInteractions,OxfordUniversityPress,Oxford,1991.

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Ritchie,B.AvianViruses:FunctionandControl.WingersPublishing,LakeWorth,Florida,1995SchubotR,ClubbSandClubbK.PsittacineAviculture,Loxahatchee,AviculturalBreedingandResearchCenter,1992.SaifYM(ed).DiseasesofPoultry,13thedition,IowaStatePress,Ames,Iowa,2013.SamourJandNaldoJ.AnatomicalandClinicalRadiologyofBirdsofPrey,Elsevier,London,2007.ThomasNJ,HunterDBandAtkinsonCT.InfectiousdiseasesofWildBirds,BlackwellPublishing,Oxford,2007.TullyTN,DorresteinGMandJonesAK(eds).HandbookofAvianMedicine,2ndedition.WBSaunders,Philadelphia,2009.WerneryR,etal.ColourAtlasofFalconMedicine,Schlütersche,Hannover,2004.WestG,HeardDJandCaulkettN(eds).ZooAnimal&WildlifeImmobilizationandAnesthesia,BlackwellPublishing,Oxford,2007.ChapterVSection22CagebirdsSection23Free-livingwaterfowlandshorebirdsSection24RatitesWildlifeInformationNetwork(WIN)ModulesWildlife:DiseaseInvestigationandManagement(Birds).WestNileVirus.Waterfowl:HealthandManagement.Availablefrom:win@wildlifeinformationnetwork.org.WobeserGA.DiseasesofWildWaterfowl,London,PlenumPress,TierärztlichePraxis,2003.UsefulSelf-AssessmentBooksAltmanRBandForbesNA.SelfAssessmentColorReviewofAvianMedicine,MansonPublishing,London,1998.ColesBH,Krautwald-JunghannsMEandHermanTJ.SelfAssessmentPictureTestsinAvianMedicine,Mosby,London,1998.KaletaEFandKrautwald-JunghannsM-E(eds).KompendiumderZiervogelkrankheiten,3rdedition,SchlüterscheVerlagsanstalt,Hannover,2011.KoenigHE,KrobelR.andLiebichHG(eds.)AnatomiederVögelKlinischeAspekteundPropädeutikZier-,Greif-,Zoo-undWildvögelundWirtschaftsgeflügel,2ndedition,Schattauer,Stuttgart,NewYork2008PeesM(ed).LeitsymptomebeiPapageienundSittichen,2ndedition,EnkeVerlag,Hannover,2010.

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RosenthalKL,ForbesNA,FryeFLandLewbartGA.RapidReviewofExoticAnimalMedicineandHusbandry,MansonPublishing,London,2008.SectionBirdspp99-150SamourJ.ExoticAnimalMedicine:ReviewandTest,Elsevier,Oxford,2012.Section-Birdspp109–300

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Appendix1:ECZM-avianself-assessmentchecklistforapprovalofresidencytrainingsites

ECZMavianvisitation/self-assessmentchecklistVisitationandinspectionof: Purposeofvisitation:√approvalasaresidencytrainingcentreforECZM√re-inspectionafter10years√re-inspectionduetomeaningfulchangeswithintheresidencysite(indicatewhichchanges)Dateinspectionconducted: Inspectorsnames: Institute/centrerepresentativespresent(nameandaddress):

Caseload:Averagenumberofcasespertaxonperyearoverthepast5years:

- Psittaciformes- Passeriformes- Falconiformes- Galliformes- Anseriformes- Columbiformes- Otherorders

Averagenumberofproceduresperformedperyearoverthepast5years:

- Radiographs- Ultrasonographies- Endoscopies- CT/MRIs- Anesthesias- Softtissuesurgeries- Orthopedicsurgeries- Hematologies- Clinicalchemistries- Cytologies- Fecalexaminations- Postmortenexaminations

Thecaseloadshouldconsistofatleast10(ten)relevantcasesperweek.√

-

Medicalrecords:completemedicalrecordsmustbemaintainedforeachindividualcaseandrapidretrievalofinformationaboutanypatientorflockshouldbepossible.√Indicatewhichcomputerprogrammeorequivalentisused.√Indicatehowradiographs,ultrasonographyfindings,clinicalpathologyreportsetc.alsobestoredandrelatedtoclient?

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√Acomputerprogrammeorequivalentisusedtorecordpatients’medicalhistory.Thisincludesalldiagnosticresultsincludingradiographs,ultrasonographyfindings,clinicalpathologyreportsetc.√Datasheetavailableforhospitalisedpatients?√Regulardocumentationofpatients’weight?Diagnosticimagingequipmentmustbeusedandinterpretationconductedbytheresidents.Safetymonitoryismandatory.√Safetymonitoringisputintoplace?√Radiographyequipmentavailable?√Ultrasonographyequipmentavailable?√Endoscopyequipmentavailable?√ECGavailable?√MRI,flouroscopy,CTavailable(notmandatory)?

Clinicalpathology:aclinicalpathologylaboratoryforhaematological,clinicalchemistry,microbiological,andcytologicaldiagnosismustbeavailable.Clinicalpathologyreportsmustberetainedandretrievable.√Microscopeandequipmentforstainingavailable?√Bloodchemistrybenchtopanalyser/bloodgasanalyseravailableoravailablethroughanexternallaboratory(inwhichtimeframe)?√Microbiologyavailableonsiteorthroughanexternallaboratory(inwhichtimeframe)?√Cytologystainingequipmentavailable?

Pathologyservices:Morphologicpathology:aseparateroomforgrosspathologicalexaminationmustbeavailable.Facilitiesforhistopathologicalexaminationofnecropsytissuesmustbeavailable.Anatomicpathologyreportsmustberetainedandretrievable.√PM-roomavailable?√Histologyserviceonsiteorthroughanexternallaboratory?√Microscopeavailableforresidenttoreviewslides?

Clinicalexaminationrooms:theexaminationroomsmustbedesigned,constructed,used,andmaintainedconsistentwiththecurrentconceptsofpractice.√Sufficientinnumberandsizetoaccommodatethecaseload?√Appropriateclinicalexaminationroomsavailable?√Microscopewithintheroom?√Weighingscaleswithintheroom?

Isolationfacilities/Quarantineareasincludingappropriateconsiderationtobiosecurityandcontrolofpathogenspreadbetweenunitsmustbepresent.√Appropriateisolationfacilitiesavailable?√Individualequipmentavailable?

Operatingroomsmustbedesigned,constructed,usedandmaintainedconsistentwithcurrentconceptsofveterinarysurgery.√mustnotbeusedforotherpurposesassterilitywouldinevitablybecompromised.√mustbesizedadequatelyforthepatient,staffandassociatedequipment.

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√mustbeventilatedaccordingtothecurrentconceptsofasepticsurgery.√Emergencylightingavailable?

Hospitalisationareasensuringgoodnursingmustbeavailablewithconsiderationtobiosecurityandcontrolofpathogenspreadbetweenpatients.√Separateunitswithhead/humiditycontrolavailable?√Dailyweighingwithtraceabledocumentation?√Recordingoftreatmentsandprogressofthepatient?√Oxygenchamberavailable?

Anaestheticandcriticalcareequipment:mustbeavailable.√Rangeofinductionmasks,agentsandsuitablecircuits?√Gaseousvaporisertogetherwithanadequatescavengingsystem?√√Anaestheticmonitoringequipment?√Readytohandemergencyresuscitationequipment?√Suitablevolatileandparenteralagentsavailable?√Sterilisedairsaccanulationequipmentavailable?√Readytohandemergencyresuscitationequipmentavailable?√Recordingofanaestheticprocessanddifficulties?

Surgicalinstrumentation:afullcomplementofgeneralandspecialinstrumentationfordiagnosticandsurgicalproceduresmustbeavailable.√Appropriatesurgicalequipmentforavianpatients(haemoclips,suitablepins(threaded),wire,ESFfixators,drill(+shroud),splints)?√Micro-surgeryequipment?√Magnificationandgoodilluminationequipment?√Ophthalmologicalequipment?√Suitablesuturematerialavailable?√Radio-surgeryincludingbipolaravailable?

Sterilisation:Steamorheatsterilisationofsurgicalinstrumentationandsuppliesmustbeavailable.√Sterilisationequipment?√Verificationofsterilisation?√Labellinganddatingofallsterilisedinstruments?

Photography:photographicequipmentfordocumentationofdiseasemustbeavailable.√Digitalcameraandoptionforimagestorage.

Medicallibrary:alibrarycontainingrecenttextbooksandcurrentjournalsrelatingtoavianmedicineanditssupportingdisciplinesmustbeimmediatelyaccessibletotheresident.√Doestheresidenthaveaccesstoalltitlesonthecurrentreadinglist?

Staff:Residentshouldworkwithmultipleveterinarians,veterinarytechnicians/keepers.√Howmanyvetsonstaff?√Howmanyveterinarytechnician/specialisedkeepers?

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Inthecaseofself-assessment:I,theresponsibleprogrammedirector,attestthattheaboveisanaccurateindicationoffacilitiesavailable,andwillprovideadditionalinformationordocumentationasrequestedbytheEducationCommittee.Signed DatedForself-inspections,pleaseprovideaseriesofphotographsdocumentingthefacilitiesandaboveconfirmedequipment.Incaseofanexternalinspection:Wetheundersignedinspectorsrecommend:Thefollowingmandatoryconditionsaremade:Thefollowingnon-mandatoryrecommendationsaremade:Signed Dated