Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Historical Developments and Future Opportunities
Citation preview
Agreements � Europe 77
EUROPE
78 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
BidasoaTotal area: 500 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Spain 500 89.33France 60 10.67
Lake Bled. Photo credit: Shira Yoffe.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
May 23, 1964 Bidassoa France; Spain Exchange of letters between the French Republicand the State of Spain concerning the managementof the Bidassoa
May 26, 1866 Canal d'Angoustrine,Raour
France; Spain Treaty of delimitation between France and Spain,signed at Bayonne
Agreements � Europe 79
Danube*
Total area: 790,100 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Romania 228,500 28.93Hungary 92,800 11.74Austria 81,600 10.32Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) 81,500 10.31Germany 59,000 7.47Slovakia 45,600 5.77Bulgaria 40,900 5.17Bosnia and Herzegovina 38,200 4.83Croatia 35,900 4.54Ukraine 29,600 3.75Czech Republic 20,500 2.59Slovenia 17,200 2.18Moldova 13,900 1.76Switzerland 2,500 0.32Italy 1,200 0.15Poland 700 0.09Albania 200 0.03
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty NameNovember 11, 1997 Frontier or shared
watersHungary; Ukraine Agreement on transboundary waters between
Hungary and UkraineSeptember 30, 1997 Danube, Prut,
Siret, TiszaRomania; Ukraine Agreement between the government of
Romania and the government of Ukraine oncooperation in the field of transboundarywater management
November 23, 1994 Danube, Dnestr, Kogilnik, Sarata
Moldova, Republicof; Ukraine
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Moldova and the government ofUkraine on the joint use and protection oftransboundary waters
June 29, 1994 Danube Austria; Bulgaria;Croatia; EuropeanUnion; Germany;Hungary; Moldova,Republic of;Romania; Slovakia;Ukraine
Convention on cooperation for the protectionand sustainable use of the River Danube
June 10, 1994 Danube, Drava Croatia, Republic of;Hungary, Republic of
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Croatia and the government ofthe Republic of Hungary on watermanagement relations
80 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Danube, continued
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 23, 1992 Not specified Czech Republic;Slovak Republic
Treaty between the Czech Republic governmentand the Slovak Republic government on mutualrelations and principles of cooperation inagriculture, food industry, forestry, and watereconomy under the conditions of the customsunion
December 1, 1987 Danube Austria, Republic of;European EconomicCommunity;Germany, FederalRepublic of
Agreement between the Federal Republic ofGermany and the European EconomicCommunity, on the one hand, and the Republic ofAustria, on the other, on cooperation onmanagement of water resources in the DanubeBasin
June 25, 1986 Frontier orshared waters
Hungary; Romania Treaty between the government of Romania andthe government of Hungary on the regulation ofwater problems in watercourses forming orcrossing the boundary
December 16, 1971 Prut Romania, SocialistRepublic of; Unionof Soviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between the government of theSocialist Republic of Romania and the governmentof the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on thejoint construction of the Stinca-Costesti HydraulicEngineering Scheme on the River Prut and theestablishment of the conditions for its operation
February 27, 1968 Danube CzechoslovakSocialist Republic;Hungarian People�sRepublic
Agreement between the government of theCzechoslovak Socialist Republic and thegovernment of the Hungarian People's Republicconcerning the establishment of a riveradministration in the Rajka-Gönyü sector of theDanube
December 7, 1967 Danube Austria, Republic of;CzechoslovakSocialist Republic
Treaty between the Republic of Austria and theCzechoslovak Socialist Republic concerning theregulation of water management questionsrelating to frontier waters
November 30, 1963 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic;Yugoslavia, SocialistFederal Republic of
Agreement between the Socialist Federal Republicof Yugoslavia and the Romanian People�sRepublic concerning the construction andoperation of the Iron Gates water power andnavigation system on the River Danube
November 30, 1963 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic;Yugoslavia, SocialistFederal Republic of
Convention between the Socialist Federal Republicof Yugoslavia and the Romanian People�sRepublic concerning compensation for damagecaused by the construction of the Iron Gateswater power and navigation system on the RiverDanube
November 30, 1963 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic;Yugoslavia, SocialistFederal Republic of
Convention between the government of theSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and thegovernment of the Romanian People's Republicconcerning the preparation of designs for theconstruction of the Iron Gates Water power andnavigation system on the River Danube
Agreements � Europe 81
Danube, continued
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 30, 1963 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic; Yugoslavia,Socialist FederalRepublic of
Convention between the government of theSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and thegovernment of the Romanian People's Republicconcerning the preparation of designs for theconstruction of the Iron Gates Water power andnavigation system on the River Danube
November 30, 1963 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic; Yugoslavia,Socialist FederalRepublic of
Final act, agreement and other acts relating tothe establishment and operation of the IronGates Water power and navigation system on theRiver Danube
November 30, 1963 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic; Yugoslavia,Socialist FederalRepublic of
Convention between the government of theSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and thegovernment of the Romanian People's Republicconcerning the determination of the value ofinvestments and mutual accounting in connexionwith the construction of the Iron Gates Waterpower and navigation system on the RiverDanube
November 30, 1963 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic; Yugoslavia,Socialist FederalRepublic of
Convention between the government of theSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and thegovernment of the Romanian People's Republicconcerning the execution of works for the IronGates Water power and navigation system on theRiver Danube
April 4, 1958 Danube Bulgaria, People'sRepublic of;Yugoslavia, FederalPeople's Republic of
Agreement concerning water-economy questionsbetween the government of the Federal People'sRepublic of Yugoslavia and the government ofthe People's Republic of Bulgaria
December 5, 1956 Beli Drim,Bojana, CrniDrim, LakeSkadar
Albania, People'sRepublic of;Yugoslavia, FederalPeople's Republic of
Agreement between the government of theFederal People's Republic of Yugoslavia and thegovernment of the People's Republic of Albaniaconcerning water economy questions, togetherwith the statue of the Yugoslav-Albanian watereconomic commission and with the protocolconcerning fishing in frontier lakes and rivers
October 13, 1956 Danube Czechoslovakia;Hungary
Treaty between Czechoslovakia and Hungaryconcerning the regime of state frontiers.
April 9, 1956 Danube Austria, Republic of;Hungarian People�sRepublic
Treaty between the Hungarian People�s Republicand the Republic of Austria concerning theregulation of water economy questions
August 8, 1955 Danube, Drava,Maros, Mura,Tisa,
Hungary; Yugoslavia Agreement between Yugoslavia and Hungarytogether with the statute of the Yugoslav-Hungarian water economy commission.
April 7, 1955 Danube, Tisza Romania; Yugoslavia Agreement between Yugoslavia and Romaniaconcerning questions of water control on watercontrol systems and watercourses on orintersected�
82 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Danube, continued
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
December 16, 1954 Mura Austria; Yugoslavia Agreement between Yugoslavia and Austriaconcerning water economy questions in respect ofthe frontier sector of the Mura
May 25, 1954 Drava Austria; Yugoslavia Convention between the governments ofYugoslavia and Austria concerning water economyquestions relating to the Drava
April 16, 1954 Danube, Tisza Czechoslovakia;Hungary
Agreement between Czechoslovakia and Hungaryconcerning the settlement of technical andeconomic questions relating to frontier water�
December 25, 1952 Danube, Prut Romanian People'sRepublic; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Convention between the government of the Unionof Soviet Socialist Republics and the government ofthe Romanian People's Republic concerningmeasures to prevent floods and to regulate thewater regime of the River Prut
February 13, 1952 Danube Austria, Republic of;Germany, FederalRepublic of
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Austria and the government of theFederal Republic of Germany and of the free stateof Bavaria concerning the Donaukraftwerk-Jochenstein-Aktiengesellschaft (Danube Power-Plant and Jochenstein Joint-Stock Company)
February 6, 1952 Frontier orshared waters
German DemocraticRepublic; PolishRepublic
Agreement between the government of the PolishRepublic and the government of the GermanDemocratic Republic concerning navigation infrontier waters and the use and maintenance offrontier waters, signed at Berlin
October 16, 1950 Blaserbach,Dollmannbach,Durrach, Isar,Kesselbach,Rissbach
Austria; Bavaria, State of
Agreement between the Austrian Federalgovernment and the Bavarian State governmentconcerning the diversion of water in the Rissbach,Durrach and Walchen districts
October 16, 1950 Inn, Salzach Austria; Germany Agreement between Austria and Germanyconcerning the Österreichisch-BayerischeKraftwerke AG
June 9, 1950 Tisza Hungary; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Convention between the USSR and Hungaryconcerning measures to prevent floods and toregulate the water regime in the area of thefrontier river Tisza
February 24, 1950 Danube Hungarian People'sRepublic; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Treaty between the government of the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics and the government ofthe Hungarian People�s Republic concerning theregime of the Soviet-Hungarian state frontier andfinal protocol
November 25, 1949 Danube Romanian People'sRepublic; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Treaty between the government of the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics and the government ofthe Romanian People's Republic concerning theregime of the Soviet-Romanian state frontier andfinal protocol
Agreements � Europe 83
Danube, continued
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
December 31, 1948 Danube Romania, People'sRepublic of ;Yugoslavia, FederalPeople's Republic of
Protocol between the Federal People's Republicof Yugoslavia and the People's Republic ofRomania governing crossing of the frontier byofficials of the water control services
August 18, 1948 Danube Bulgaria, People'sRepublic of;Czechoslovakia,Republic of; HungarianRepublic; Romania,People's Republic of;Ukrainian SovietSocialist Republic;Union of SovietSocialist Republics;Yugoslavia, FederalPeople's Republic of
Convention regarding the regime of navigationon the Danube
July 8, 1948 Frontier orshared waters
Poland; Union of SovietSocialist Republics
Agreement between Poland and the USSRconcerning the regime on the Soviet-Polish statefrontier
January 27, 1926 Frontier orshared waters
Germany; Poland Treaty between Germany and Poland for thesettlement of frontier questions
July 23, 1921 Danube Austria; Belgium;Bulgaria;Czechoslovakia;France; Germany;Greece; Hungary; Italy;Romania; Serb-Croat-Slovene State
Convention instituting the definitive statute ofthe Danube
March 10, 1921 Thaya Austria; Czechoslovakia Convention between the Austrian andCzechoslovak Republics concerning thedelimitation of the frontier between Austria andCzechoslovakia and various questionsconnected therewith
June 24, 1862 Frontier orshared waters
Austria; Bavaria Treaty between Austria and Bavaria concerningthe regime of the frontier line and otherterritorial relations between Bohemia andBavaria
84 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Daugava*
Total area: 58,700 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Byelarus 28,300 48.14Latvia 20,200 34.38Russia 9,500 16.11Lithuania 800 1.38
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 14, 1995 Daugava, Neman
Belarus, Republic of;Lithuania, Republic of
Agreement between the Ministry of NaturalResources and Environmental Protection of theRepublic of Belarus and the EnvironmentalProtection Ministry of the Republic of Lithuania oncooperation in the field of environmentalprotection
August 11, 1920 Frontier orshared waters
Latvia; FederalSocialist Republic ofRussian Soviets
Treaty of peace between Latvia and Russia
July 12, 1920 Frontier orshared waters
Lithuania; RussianSocialist FederalRepublic
Peace treaty between Lithuania and the RussianSocialist Federal Republic, and protocol
Agreements � Europe 85
DnieperTotal area: 516,300 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Ukraine 299,300 57.97Byelarus 124,900 24.19Russia 92,100 17.83
Seine River. Photo credit: Camille Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
October 19, 1992 Desna, Donets,Seim, Seversky
Russian Federation;Ukraine
Agreement between the government of the RussianFederation and the government of Ukraineconcerning the joint use and protection oftransboundary waters
86 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Dniester*
Total area: 62,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Ukraine 46,800 75.44Moldova 15,200 24.52Poland 30 0.05
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 23, 1994 Danube, Dnestr,Kogilnik, Sarata
Moldova, Republicof; Ukraine
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Moldova and the government ofUkraine on the joint use and protection oftransboundary waters
March 18, 1921 Frontier orshared waters
Poland; FederalSocialist Republicof the RussianSoviets
Treaty of peace between Poland, Russia andUkraine
Agreements � Europe 87
DonTotal area: 425,600 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Russia 371,200 87.23Ukraine 54,300 12.76
Seine River. Photo credit: Camille Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
October 19, 1992 Desna, Donets,Seim, Seversky
RussianFederation;Ukraine
Agreement between the government of theRussian Federation and the government ofUkraine concerning the joint use and protectionof trans-boundary waters
88 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Douro/DueroTotal area: 98,900 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Spain 80,700 81.63Portugal 18,200 18.37
Douro/Duero River.Photo credit: Shira Yoffe.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
October 19, 1992 Desna, Donets,Seim, Seversky
RussianFederation;Ukraine
Agreement between the government of theRussian Federation and the government ofUkraine concerning the joint use and protectionof trans-boundary waters
Agreements � Europe 89
EbroTotal area: 85,800 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Spain 85,200 99.36Andorra 400 0.48France 100 0.16
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
May 26, 1866 Canal d'Angoustrine,Raour
France; Spain Treaty of delimitation between France and Spain,signed at Bayonne
90 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
ElbeTotal area: 132,200 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Germany 83,100 62.86Czech Republic 47,600 36.02Austria 700 0.54Poland 700 0.56
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
December 12, 1995 Eger, Elbe, Germany, FederalRepublic of; CzechRepublic
Regulation for the treaty of 12 December 1995between the Federal Republic of Germany and theCzech Republic concerning the common work forthe water economy of border waters
December 19, 1994 Elbe Germany, FederalRepublic of; CzechRepublic
Agreement between the German Ministry forEnvironment, Nature Protection, and NuclearSecurity and the Czech Republic Ministry forEnvironment on the realization of common pilotprojects for the environmental protection ("urbanwater treatment in northern Bohemia)
December 9, 1991 Elbe Germany, FederalRepublic of; Czechand Slovak FederalRepublic; EuropeanEconomic Community
Protocol to the convention of 8 October 1990between the governments of the Federal Republic ofGermany and the Czech and Slovak FederalRepublic and the European Economic Communityon the international commission for the protectionof the Elbe
October 8, 1990 Elbe Germany, FederalRepublic of; Czechand Slovak Republic
Convention on the international commission for theProtection of the Elbe
February 6, 1952 Frontier orshared waters
German DemocraticRepublic; Poland
Agreement between the government of the PolishRepublic and the government of the GermanDemocratic Republic concerning navigation infrontier waters and the use and maintenance offrontier waters, signed at Berlin
January 27, 1926 Frontier orshared waters
Germany; Poland Treaty between Germany and Poland for thesettlement of frontier questions
January 27, 1923 Elbe Belgium;Czechoslovakia;France; Germany;Great Britain; Italy
Convention supplementary to the statute ofnavigation of the Elbe
Agreements � Europe 91
Elbe, continued
Canal along Vltava River.Photo credit: Shora Yoffe.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
February 22, 1922 Elbe Czechoslovakia;Germany
Agreement concerning the posts of secretary-general and assistant secretary-general of theInternational Elbe Commission
February 22, 1922 Elbe Belgium;Czechoslovakia;France; Germany;Great Britain; Italy
Convention instituting the statute of navigation ofthe Elbe
92 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
GaronneTotal area: 55,800 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
France 55,100 98.83Spain 600 1.07Andorra 40 0.08
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
January 27, 1970 Ariege, Carol,Courtal-RoussoFont-Vive, Fourats,La Porteille, LakeLanoux
France; Spain Exchange of letters constituting an agreementbetween France and Spain amending thearrangement of 12 July 1958 relating to LakeLanoux
July 29, 1963 Garonne France; Spain Convention on between the government of theFrench Republic and Spanish government relativeto the management of the upper course of theGaronne
July 12, 1958 Carol, Font-Vive,Lake Lanoux
France; Spain Agreement between the government of theFrench Republic and the Spanish governmentrelating to Lake Lanoux
May 26, 1866 Canal d'Angoustrine,Raour
France; Spain Treaty of delimitation between France and Spain,signed at Bayonne
Agreements � Europe 93
GlamaTotal area: 43,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Norway 42,600 99.00Sweden 400 0.99
Seine River. Photo credit: Camille Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
October 26, 1905 Frontier orshared waters
Norway; Sweden Treaties and conventions concerning thedissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian union
94 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
GuadianaTotal area: 67,900 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Spain 54,900 80.82Portugal 13,000 19.18
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 30, 1998 Douro/Duero,Guadiana,Lima, Minho,Tagus/Tejo
Portugal; Spain Convention about the cooperation for the protectionand sustainable use of the waters of Portuguese-Spanish hydrological basins and additional protocol
February 12, 1976 Chanza,Guadiana,Limia, Miño,Tajo
Portugal; Spain Second additional protocol to the agreement of 29May 1968 between Spain and Portugal regulating theuse and development of the water resources of theinternational reaches of the rivers Miño, Limia, Tajo,Guadiana and Chanza and of their tributaries
May 29, 1968 Chanza,Guadiana,Limia, Miño,Tajo
Portugal; Spain Agreement between Spain and Portugal regulatingthe use and development of the water resources ofthe international reaches of the Miño, Limia, Tajo,Guadiana and Chanza rivers and of their tributaries(with additional protocol)
Agreements � Europe 95
IsonzoTotal area: 3,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Slovenia 1,800 59.48Italy 1,200 40.09
Vltava River. Photo credit: Shira Yoffe.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 10, 1975 Isonzo, Jurido,Timavo,Rosandra
Italy, Republic of;Yugoslavia,Federal SocialistRepublic of
Agreement between the Republic of Italy and theFederal Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia oneconomic cooperation, signed at Osimo
July 18, 1957 Fontefredda,Mrzlek
Italy; Yugoslavia,Federal People'sRepublic of
Agreement between the government of the ItalianRepublic and the government of the FederalPeople's Republic of Yugoslavia concerning thewater supply of the town of Gorizia in accordancewith paragraph 5 of Annex 5 of the treaty of peacewith Italy and exchange of notes
96 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
KemiTotal area: 55,700 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Finland 52,700 94.52Russia 3,000 5.41Norway 10 0.01
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 24, 1964 Frontier or sharedwaters
Finland, Republicof; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Finland and the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics concerning frontierwatercourses (with exchange of letters), Helsinki
October 28, 1922 Kutajoki, Kutalahti, Kuusamon-järvi, LakeLadoga, LakeTulenanjärvi, LakeTuulijärvi, Lentiera,Lieksa, Luttojoki,Pääjärvi, Paanajärvi,Pielisjärvi, Pistojoki,Tulenmananjoki,Tuntsajoki, Tuulijoki,Tuulomanjoki,Ulanganjoki, Yla-Kuittijärvi
Finland; RussianSocialist FederalSoviet Republic
Convention between the Republic of Finlandand the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republicconcerning the maintenance of river channelsand the regulation of fishing on water coursesforming part of the frontier between Finlandand Russia
Agreements � Europe 97
KlaralvenTotal area: 51,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Sweden 43,100 84.54Norway 7,900 15.46
Meuse River. Photo credit: Brenda Miraglia.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
October 26, 1905 Frontier orshared waters
Norway; Sweden Treaties and conventions concerning thedissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian union
98 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
KogilnikTotal area: 6,100 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Moldova 3,600 57.82Ukraine 2,600 42.18
Rhine RIver. Photocredit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 23, 1994 Danube,Dnestr, Kogilnik,Sarata
Moldova, Republic of;Ukraine
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Moldova and the government ofUkraine on the joint use and protection oftransboundary waters
Agreements � Europe 99
Lake PrespaTotal area: 9,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Albania 8,000 88.17Macedonia 800 8.50Greece 300 3.32
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
June 18, 1959 Axios, Dojran,Dragas, Ljumnica,Pelagonia, Prespa,Sakuleva, Vardar
Greece, Kingdom of;Yugoslavia, FederalPeople's Republic of
Agreement between the Federal People's Republicof Yugoslavia and the Kingdom of Greececoncerning hydro-economic questions, signed atAthens
May 25, 1954 Dojran, Dragas,Ljumnica, Pelagonia,Prespa, Sakuleva,Vardar
Greece; Yugoslavia,People's Republic of
Exchange of notes between Greece andYugoslavia
100 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Lava/PregelTotal area: 8,600 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Russia 6,300 74.00Poland 2,000 23.84
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
July 8, 1948 Frontier or sharedwaters
Poland; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Poland and the USSRconcerning the regime on the Soviet-Polish statefrontier
Agreements � Europe 101
LimaTotal area: 2,300 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Spain 1,200 50.88Portugal 1,100 49.04
Rhine River. Phto credit:Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 30, 1998 Douro/Duero,Guadiana, Lima,Minho,Tagus/Tejo
Portugal; Spain Convention about the cooperation for theprotection and sustainable use of the waters ofPortuguese-Spanish hydrological basins andadditional protocol
102 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
MaritsaTotal area: 49,600 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Bulgaria 33,000 66.49Turkey 12,800 25.69Greece 3,700 7.55
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty NameApril 22, 1994 Not specified Bulgaria; Greece Agreed minutes of the first meeting of the Greek-
Bulgarian joint programming and follow-upCommittee
October 23, 1968 Marica, Maritsa,Rezovska,Tundzha, Veleka
Bulgaria, People�sRepublic of;Turkey, Republicof
Agreement between the People�s Republic ofBulgaria and the Republic of Turkey concerningcooperation in the use of the waters of rivers flowingthrough the territory of both countries
Agreements � Europe 103
Minho/MiZZZZZoTotal area: 15,100 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Spain 14,500 96.18Portugal 600 3.70
Rhine River. Photo credit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 30, 1998 Douro/Duero,Guadiana, Lima,Minho,Tagus/Tejo
Portugal; Spain Convention about the cooperation for theprotection and sustainable use of the waters ofPortuguese-Spanish hydrological basins andadditional protocol
November 4, 1864 Minho, Douro,Tagus
Portugal; Spain Regulations annexed to the boundary treatybetween Spain and Portugal of 29th September,1864, signed at Lisbon
September 29, 1864 Minho, Douro,Tagus
Portugal; Spain Treaty of limits between Portugal and Spain
104 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
NäätämoTotal area: 1,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Norway 600 57.73Finland 400 41.97
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 25, 1951 Gandvik, LakeGarsjoen, LakeKjerringvatn, LakeForstevannene, Näätämo/Neiden
Finland; Norway Agreement between Finland and Norway on the transferfrom the course of the Näätämo (Neiden) River to thecourse of the Gandvik River of water from the Garsjoen,Kjerringvatn and Forstevannene Lakes
Agreements � Europe 105
Narva*
Total area: 53,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Russia 28,200 53.20Estonia 18,100 34.09Latvia 5,900 11.13Byelarus 800 1.57
Rhine River. Photo credit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
August 20, 1997 Narva, LakePeipsi/Chudskoe
Estonia; RussianFederation
Agreement between the government of Estoniaand the government of the Russian Federationon the protection and rational use oftransboundary waters
August 11, 1920 Frontier or sharedwaters
Latvia; FederalSocialist Republic ofRussian Soviets
Treaty of peace between Latvia and Russia
106 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Neman*
Total area: 90,300 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Byelarus 41,700 46.13Lithuania 39,700 43.97Russia 4,800 5.30Poland 3,800 4.21Latvia 300 0.36
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 14, 1995 Daugava,Neman
Belarus, Republicof; Lithuania,Republic of
Agreement between the ministry of natural resourcesand environmental protection of the Republic ofBelarus and the environmental protection ministry ofthe Republic of Lithuania on cooperation in the fieldof environmental protection
March 31, 1994 Lake Galadusis, Selmenta,Siesupe
Lithuania, Republicof; Poland,Republic of
Agreement between the Environmental ProtectionMinistry of the Republic of Lithuania and the Ministryof Environmental Protection, Nature Conservationand Forestry of the Republic of Poland
January 24, 1992 Frontier orshared waters
Lithuania, Republicof; Poland
Bilateral agreement between the LithuanianDepartment of Environment and the Ministry ofEnvironmental Protection, Nature, Conservation andForestry of Poland
July 8, 1948 Frontier orshared waters
Poland; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Poland and the USSRconcerning the regime on the Soviet-Polish statefrontier
August 11, 1920 Frontier orshared waters
Latvia; FederalSocialist Republicof Russian Soviets
Treaty of peace between Latvia and Russia
July 12, 1920 Frontier orshared waters
Lithuania; RussianSocialist FederalRepublic
Peace treaty between Lithuania and the RussianSocialist Federal Republic, and protocol
Agreements � Europe 107
NestosTotal area: 10,200 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Bulgaria 5,500 53.63Greece 4,700 46.36
Canal, Leie/Lys River. Photo credit: Brenda Miraglia.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty NameDecember 22, 1995 Nestos Bulgaria, Republic of;
GreeceAgreement between the government of HellenicRepublic and the government of the Republic ofBulgaria for the use of the Nestos River waters
April 22, 1994 Not specified Bulgaria; Greece Agreed minutes of the first meeting of the Greek-Bulgarian joint programming and follow-upCommittee
March 16, 1988 Nestos Bulgaria; Greece Minutes of the Greek-Bulgarian committee for theuse of waters of the Nestos River
108 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Oder/OdraTotal area: 122,400 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Poland 103,100 84.20Czech Republic 10,300 8.38Germany 7,800 6.33Slovakia 1,300 1.09
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty NameApril 11, 1996 Oder Czech Republic;
Germany, FederalDemocraticRepublic of; Poland,Republic of
Agreement between the Federal Republic ofGermany, the Czech Republic and the Republic ofPoland on protection of the Oder river from pollution
November 23, 1992 Not specified Czech Republic;Slovak Republic
Treaty between the Czech Republic government andthe Slovak Republic government on mutual relationsand principles of cooperation in agriculture, foodindustry, forestry, and water economy under theconditions of the customs union
May 19, 1992 Oder Germany, FederalRepublic of; Poland,Republic of
Agreement between the Federal Republic ofGermany and the Republic of Poland on cooperationin the field of water management at border waters
March 21, 1958 Oder CzechoslovakRepublic; PolishPeople's Republic
Agreement between the government of theCzechoslovak Republic and the government of thePolish People's Republic concerning the use of waterresources in frontier waters
February 6, 1952 Frontier orshared waters
German DemocraticRepublic; PolishRepublic
Agreement between the government of the PolishRepublic and the government of the GermanDemocratic Republic concerning navigation infrontier waters and the sue and maintenance offrontier waters, signed at Berlin
January 27, 1926 Frontier orshared waters
Germany; Poland Treaty between Germany and Poland for thesettlement of frontier questions
Agreements � Europe 109
OlangaTotal area: 18,800 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Russia 16,800 89.37Finland 2,000 10.62
Meuse River. Photo credit: Brenda Miraglia.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 24, 1964 Frontier or sharedwaters
Finland; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Finland and the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics concerning frontierwatercourses (with exchange of letters),Helsinki
October 28, 1922 Kutajoki, Kutalahti, Kuusamon-järvi, LakeLadoga, LakeTulenanjärvi, LakeTuulijärvi, Lentiera,Lieksa, Luttojoki,Pääjärvi, Paanajärvi,Pielisjärvi, Pistojoki,Tulenmananjoki,Tuntsajoki, Tuulijoki,Tuulomanjoki,Ulanganjoki, Yla-Kuittijärvi
Finland, Republicof; Russian SocialistFederal SovietRepublic
Convention between the Republic of Finlandand the Russian Socialist Federal SovietRepublic concerning the maintenance of riverchannels and the regulation of fishing on watercourses forming part of the frontier betweenFinland and Russia
110 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
OuluTotal area: 28,700 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Finland 26,700 93.20Russia 1,900 6.78
Seine River. Photo credit: Camille Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 24, 1964 Frontier or sharedwaters
Finland; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Finland and the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics concerning frontierwatercourses (with exchange of letters), Helsinki
Agreements � Europe 111
PasvikTotal area: 16,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Finland 12,400 77.46Russia 2,600 16.15Norway 1,000 6.39
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 29, 1959 Paatsjoki Finland; Norway; Union of SovietSocialist Republics
Agreement between the government of theUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics, thegovernment of Norway and the government ofFinland concerning the regulation of Lake Inariby means of the Kaitakoski hydro-electric powerstation and dam and additional protocol
December 18, 1957 Pasvik Norway; Union of SovietSocialist Republics
Agreement between Norway and the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics on the utilization ofwater power on the Pasvik (Paatso) River
June 28, 1957 Anarjokka, Inarijoki
Finland; Norway
Agreement between Norway and Finlandconcerning the construction and maintenance ofa bridge across the Anarjokka (Inarijoki) River. Signed at Helsinki, on June 28, 1957
February 24, 1956 Lake Inari,Paatsjoki
Finland; Norway;Union of SovietSocialist Republics
Protocol concerning amendments to theregulations of 24 April 1947 for the regulation ofLake Inari in connexion with the use of theNiskakoski Dam and to the protocol of 29 April1954 concerning amendments to paragraph 2 ofthe said regulations
February 3, 1947 Paatsjoki Finland; Union of SovietSocialist Republics
Treaty between the USSR and Finland on thetransfer to the territory of the Soviet Union ofpart of the state territory of Finland in the regionof the Janiskoski Hydroelectric Power Station andthe Niskakoski Control Dam
February 14, 1925 Jakobselv,Paatsjoki, Pasvik, Vuoremajoki
Finland; Norway Convention between Norway and Finlandconcerning the international legal regime of thewaters of the Pasvik (Paatsjoki) and the Jakobselv(Vuoremajoki)
112 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Pasvik, continued
Locks, Moselle River. Photo credit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
October 28, 1922 Kutajoki, Kutalahti, Kuusamon-järvi, LakeLadoga, LakeTulenanjärvi, LakeTuulijärvi, Lentiera,Lieksa, Luttojoki,Pääjärvi, Paanajärvi,Pielisjärvi, Pistojoki,Tulenmananjoki,Tuntsajoki, Tuulijoki,Tuulomanjoki,Ulanganjoki, Yla-Kuittijärvi
Finland,Republicof; RussianSocialist FederalSoviet Republic
Convention between the Republic of Finland andthe Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republicconcerning the maintenance of river channelsand the regulation of fishing on water coursesforming part of the frontier between Finland andRussia
Agreements � Europe 113
PoTotal area: 87,100 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Italy 82,200 94.44Switzerland 4,300 4.92France 500 0.54Austria 90 0.10
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
June 23, 1972 Breggia Italy; Switzerland Convention between Switzerland and Italyrelative to the hydraulic management of theBreggia Torrent at the Italian-Swiss frontier, withannexes, Berne
June 15, 1970 Breggia Italy; Switzerland Exchange of letters of 15 June 1970 betweenSwitzerland and Italy concerning themanagement of works on the watercourse of theBreggia on the Italian-Swiss border
May 27, 1957 Spol Italy; Swizterland Convention between the Swiss Confederationand the Italian Republic on the subject ofutilization of the hydraulic force of the Spol andadditional protocol
September 17, 1955 Lugano, Rochetta Italy; Switzerland Convention between Italy and Switzerland on thesubject of regulation of Lake Lugano andadditional protocol
January 12, 1955 Gran Scala, Lacdu Mont-Cenis
France; Italy Provisional agreement and exchange of notesbetween France and Italy relative to the runningof the factory of Gran Scala
April 15, 1951 Roggia Molinara Italy; Switzerland Convention between the Swiss Confederationand the Italian Republic concerning thecorrection of the Roggia Molinara (towns ofChiasso and of Come), concluded at Chiasso
114 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Rhine*
Total area: 172,900 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Germany 97,700 56.49Switzerland 24,300 14.05France 23,100 13.34Belgium 13,900 8.03Netherlands 9,900 5.75Luxembourg 2,500 1.46Austria 1,300 0.76Liechtenstein 200 0.09Italy 70 0.04
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
January 22,1998 Rhine France; Germany, FederalRepublic of; Luxembourg;Netherlands; Switzerland
Convention on the protection of the Rhine
September 9, 1996 Moselle, Rhine
Belgium; France;Germany; Luxembourg;Netherlands; Switzerland
Convention concerning the collection,storage, and discharge of waste from shipsnavigating along the Rhine and other inlandwaters
April 26, 1994 Meuse Brussels Capital Region;France; Flemish Region;Netherlands; WallonRegion
Agreement on the protection of the Meuse
September 25,1991 Rhine France; Germany;Luxembourg; Netherlands; Switzerland
Supplementary protocol to the convention onthe protection of the Rhine against pollutionby chlorides
May 17, 1990 Rhine Land Baden Wurttemberg; Switzerland
Agreement between the government of theLand Badenwurttemberg and the SwissFederal Council concerning the jointconstruction and operation of a monitoringand control station downstream of Basel tomonitor the water quality of the River Rhine
October 1, 1987 Moselle, Saar French Republic;Germany, Federal Republic of;Luxembourg, GrandDuchy of
Agreement between the government of theFrench Republic, the government of theFederal Republic of Germany, and thegovernment of the Grand Duchy ofLuxembourg on flood warning for thecatchment basin of the Moselle
June 23, 1986 Gander France; Luxembourg Exchange of notes constituting an agreementconcerning the execution of improvementworks on the River Gander at Mondorff(France) and at Mondorf-les-Bains(Luxembourg), Paris, 3 and 23 June 1986
Agreements � Europe 115
Rhine, continued
Rhine River. Photo credit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
March 12, 1986 Moselle France; Luxembourg, GrandDuchy of
Convention between the government of theFrench Republic and the government of theGrand Duchy of Luxembourg for therealization and exploitation of certainindustrial settlements on the Moselle
December 6, 1982 Rhine France; Germany, FederalRepublic of
Convention between the French Republic andthe Federal Republic of Germany modifyingand completing the additional convention of16 July 1975 to the convention of 4 July1969 on the subject of the management ofthe Rhine between Strasbourg/Kehl andLauterbourg/Neuburgweier, signed at Bonn
May 17, 1980 Sûre Belgium, Kingdom of;Luxembourg, Grand Duchyof
Convention between the Kingdom of Belgiumand the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on thesubject of the water of the Sûre
December 3, 1976 Rhine Germany, Federal Republicof; France; Luxembourg;Netherlands; Switzerland
Convention on the protection of the Rhineagainst pollution from chlorides, signed atBonn
December 3, 1976 Rhine European EconomicCommunity; France;Germany, Federal Republicof; Luxembourg;Netherlands; Switzerland
Convention on the protection of the Rhineagainst chemical pollution
116 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Rhine, continued
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
September 14,1976 Moselle Germany, FederalRepublic of;Luxembourg, GrandDuchy of
Agreement between the government of the FederalRepublic of Germany and the government of theGrand Duchy of Luxembourg concerning themaintenance, restoration and operation of thesection of the Moselle common to the two states
July 16, 1975 Rhine France; Germany, Federal Republic of
Convention between the French Republic and theFederal Republic of Germany additional to theconvention of 4 July 1969 on the subject of themanagement of the Rhine between Strasbourg/Kehland Lauterbourg/Neuburgweier, signed at Bonn
July 4, 1969 Rhine France; Germany,Federal Republic of;
Convention between the French Republic and theFederal Republic of Germany concerningdevelopment of the Rhine between Strasbourg/Kehland Lauterbourg/ Neuburgweier
April 30, 1966 Rhine Austria; Germany,Federal Republic of;Switzerland
Agreement withdrawal of water from Lake Constance
April 29, 1963 Rhine France; Germany,Federal Republic of;Luxembourg;Netherlands;Switzerland
Agreement on the international commission for theprotection of the Rhine against pollution (withprotocol of signature), signed at Bern
December 20, 1961 Moselle French Republic;Germany, FederalRepublic of; Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of
Protocol between the government of the FederalRepublic of Germany, the French Republic and theGrand Duchy of Luxembourg concerning theestablishment of an international commission toprotect the Moselle against pollution
December 20, 1961 Saar France; Germany, Federal Republic of
Protocol concerning the establishment of aninternational commission to protect the Saar againstpollution, signed at Paris
February 24, 1961 Meuse Belgium; Netherlands
Exchange of notes constituting an agreementconcerning the treaty of 12 May 1863 to regulate thediversion of water from the River Meuse and theconvention of 11 January 1873 amending that treaty
April 8, 1960 Frontier orsharedwaters
Germany, FederalRepublic of; Netherlands
Treaty between the Kingdom of the Netherlands andthe Federal Republic of Germany concerning thecourse of the common frontier, the boundary waters,real property situated near the frontier, trafficcrossing the frontier on land and via inland waters,and other frontier questions
July 10, 1958 Our Land Rhineland-Palatinate in theFederal Republic ofGermany;Luxembourg
State treaty between Luxembourg and West Germanyconcerning the construction of hydroelectric power-installations on the Our (with annexes)
October 27, 1956 Sarre France; Germany, Federal Republic of
Treaty between the French Republic and the FederalRepublic of Germany for the settlement of thequestion of the Sarre
Agreements � Europe 117
Rhine, continued
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
October 27, 1956 Moselle France; Germany, Federal Republic of;Luxembourg, GrandDuchy of
Convention between the Federal Republic ofGermany, the French Republic, and the Grand Duchyof Luxembourg on the subject of Moselle canalization
October 27, 1956 Rhine France; Germany, Federal Republic of
Convention between the Federal Republic ofGermany and the French Republic on themanagement of the upper course of the Rhinebetween Basel and Strasbourg and protocol annexedto the convention, signed at Luxembourg
April 10, 1954 LakeConstance
Austria, Republic of;SwissConfederation
Treaty between the Swiss Confederation and theRepublic of Austria for the regulation of the Rhinefrom the mouth of the Ill to Lake Constance
April 25, 1950 Sauer Germany, FederalRupublic of;Luxembourg
State treaty concerning the construction of a hydro-electric power-plant on the Sauer atRosport/Ralingen
April 8, 1950 Escaut/Scheldt,Espierre,Haine, Lys
Belgium; France;Luxembourg
Protocol to establish a tripartite standing committeeon polluted waters, signed at Brussels
June 18, 1949 Averserrhein,Emetbach,Madriserrhein,Reno di Lei
Italy; Switzerland Agreement between Switzerland and Italy on thesubject of the concession of hydraulic forces of theReno Di Lei, with additional protocol
August 28, 1930 Kembs France; Switzerland Convention for the settlement of relations betweenSwitzerland and France on the subject of certainclauses of the legal regime of the future derivation ofKembs
November 19, 1924 LakeConstance
Austria, Republic of;SwissConfederation
Treaty between the Swiss Confederation and theRepublic of Austria for the straightening of the Rhinefrom the mouth of the Ill until Lake Constance
July 20, 1910 Facquanont Belgium; France Proces-verbal of delimitation between Belgium andFrance, signed at Pussemange
December 30, 1892 LakeConstance,Rhine
Austria-Hungary;Switzerland
Treaty between Switzerland and Austria-Hungary forthe straightening of the Rhine from the mouth of theIll until Lake Constance
January 11, 1873 Dommel,Meuse
Belgium;Netherlands
Convention for the modification of article 6 of theTreaty of 12 May 1863, regulating water withdrawalfrom the Meuse, followed by a declaration
May 12, 1863 Meuse Belgium;Netherlands
Treaty for the regulation of water withdrawal fromthe Meuse, followed by an explanatory note, signedat the Hague
August 31, 1857 LakeConstance
Austria; Bade, Stateof; Bavaria, Stateof; Switzerland;Wurtemberg, Stateof
Convention between the delegates of the riparianstates of Lake Constance: Bade, Bavaria, Austria,Switzerland and Wurtemberg, concerning theregulation of the flow of water of Lake Constancenear Constance
March 28, 1820 Lys, Meuse,Semoy
France;Netherlands
Treaty of Limits Between France and the Netherlandsconcluded at Courtray
118 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
RhoneTotal area: 100,200 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
France 90,100 89.88Switzerland 10,100 10.05Italy 50 0.05
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
June 10, 1987 Lake Léman France; Switzerland Convention instituting the Council of LémanLausanne, 19 February 1987 and exchangeof letters of 10 June 1987
November 20, 1980 Lake Léman France; Switzerland Agreement between the government of theFrench Republic and the Federal Council ofSwitzerland, on behalf of the Canton ofGeneva on the dephosphatization of LakeLeman waters
May 5, 1977 LakeGeneva/Lake Léman
France; Switzerland Agreement concerning the activities ofagencies for the control of accidental waterpollution by hydrocarbons or othersubstances capable of contaminating waterand recognized as such under theConvention of 16 November 1962 betweenFrance and Switzerland concerningprotection of the waters of Lake Genevaagainst pollution
November 21, 1971 Lake Geneva France; Switzerland Exchange of letters constituting anagreement between France and Switzerlandon the implementation of the convention of16 November 1962 concerning protection ofthe waters of Lake Geneva against pollution
August 24, 1967 Emosson France; Switzerland Convention between the Swiss Confederationand the French Republic on the subject of thehydroelectric management of Emosson
December 4, 1963 Le Boiron,Ruisseau
France; Switzerland Convention between Switzerland and Franceconcerning the correction of Ruisseau (LeBoiron)
November 16, 1962 Lake Geneva France; Switzerland Convention concerning protection of thewaters of Lake Geneva against pollution,signed at Paris
December 3, 1959 Hermance France; Switzerland Convention between Switzerland and Franceconcerning the correction of the Hermance
Agreements � Europe 119
Rhone, continued
Meuse River. Photo credit: Brenda Miraglia.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
February 10, 1947 Lake of MontCenis
Australia; Belgium;Brazil; ByelorussianSoviet SocialistRepublic; Canada;China; Czechoslovakia;Ethiopia, France; GreatBritain; Greece; India;Italy; Netherlands; NewZealand; Poland; SouthAfrica; Ukrainian SovietSocialist Republic;Union of SovietSocialist Republics;United States ofAmerica; Yugoslavia,People's FederalRepublic of
Treaty of peace with Italy, signed at Paris
November 20, 1934 Chatelot,Doubs
France; Switzerland Convention between Switzerland and Franceon the subject of the concession of theChatelot waterfall
October 4, 1913 Rhone France; Switzerland Convention with France for the managementof the hydraulic power of the Rhone betweenthe planned factory of La Plaine and a pointto be determined upstream of the bridge ofPougny-Chancy
120 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
RoiaTotal area: 600 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
France 400 67.39Italy 200 30.45
Seine River. Photo credit: Brenda Miraglia.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
September 28, 1967 Roya France; Italy Franco-Italian convention concerning the supply ofwater to the town of Menton
December 17, 1914 Roya France; Italy Convention between France and Italy relating to theutilization of the water of the river Roya and itseffluents
Agreements � Europe 121
Sarata*
Total area: 1,800 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Ukraine 1,100 63.90Moldova 600 36.05
Meuse River. Photo credit: Brenda Miraglia.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 23, 1994 Danube, Dnestr,Kogilnik, Sarata
Moldova,Republic of;Ukraine
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Moldova and the government ofUkraine on the joint use and protection oftransboundary waters
122 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
ScheldeTotal area: 17,100 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
France 8,600 50.03Belgium 8,400 49.28Netherlands 80 0.47
Meuse River. Photo credit: Brenda Miraglia.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 26, 1994 Scheldt Brussels Capital Region;France; Flemish Region;Netherlands; WallonRegion
Agreement on the protection of the Scheldt
February 3, 1982 Leie, Lys Belgium, Kingdom of;French Republic
Convention between the French Republic and theKingdom of Belgium concerning improvement ofthe common River Lys between Deulemont andMenin [alt. Menen]
April 8, 1950 Escaut/Scheldt,Espierre, Haine,Lys
Belgium; France; Luxembourg
Protocol to establish a tripartite standingcommittee on polluted waters, signed at Brussels
March 28, 1820 Lys, Meuse,Semoy
France; Netherlands Treaty of Limits Between France and theNetherlands concluded at Courtray
Agreements � Europe 123
SeineTotal area: 85,700 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
France 83,800 97.78Belgium 1,800 2.14Luxembourg 70 0.08
Seine River boat landing,; Seine River from Eiffel Tower. Photo credits: Camille Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty NameApril 8, 1950 Escaut/Scheldt,
Espierre, Haine, LysBelgium; France;Luxembourg
Protocol to establish a tripartite standingcommittee on polluted waters, signed at Brussels
124 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Struma*
Total area: 15,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Bulgaria 8,600 57.66Greece 3,900 25.88Macedonia 1,800 12.22Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) 600 4.19
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty NameApril 22, 1994 Not specified Bulgaria; Greece Agreed minutes of the first meeting of the
Greek-Bulgarian joint programming and follow-up Committee
June 18, 1959 Axios, Dojran,Dragas, Ljumnica,Pelagonia, Prespa,Sakuleva, Vardar
Greece, Kingdomof; Yugoslavia,Federal People'sRepublic of
Agreement between the Federal People'sRepublic of Yugoslavia and the Kingdom ofGreece concerning hydro-economic questions,signed at Athens
September 1, 1957 Dojran Greece, Kingdomof; Yugoslavia,Federal People'sRepublic of
Proces-verbal of the meeting of delegations ofthe Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia andof the Kingdom of Greece which took place on26 August to 1 September 1957 at Stari Dojranto draw up the mode and the level ofcollaboration with regard to hydro-economicstudies of the flow of the basin of Lake Dojran
March 31, 1956 Doiran Greece, Kingdomof; Yugoslavia,Federal People'sRepublic of
Proces-verbal of the delegations of the FederalPeople's Republic of Yugoslavia and of theKingdom of Greece, meeting of 23 to 30 March1956 for the question of Lake Doiran's waterlevel
May 25, 1954 Dojran, Dragas,Ljumnica,Pelagonia, Prespa,Sakuleva, Vardar
Greece;Yugoslavia
Exchange of notes between Greece andYugoslavia
Agreements � Europe 125
Tagus/TejoTotal area: 77,900 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Spain 51,400 66.06Portugal 26,100 33.50
Seine River. Photo credit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
November 30, 1998 Douro/Duero,Guadiana, Lima,Minho,Tagus/Tejo
Portugal; Spain Convention about the cooperation for theprotection and sustainable use of the waters ofPortuguese-Spanish hydrological basins andadditional protocol
November 4, 1866 Douro, Minho,Tagus
Portugal; Spain Regulations annexed to the boundary treatybetween Spain and Portugal of 29th September,1864, signed at Lisbon
September 29, 1864 Douro, Minho,Tagus
Portugal; Spain Treaty of limits between Portugal and Spain
126 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
TanaTotal area: 15,600 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Norway 9,300 59.71Finland 6,300 40.23
Rhine River. Photo credit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
June 28, 1957 Anarjokka,Inarijoki
Finland; Norway Agreement between Norway and Finland concerning theconstruction and maintenance of a bridge across theAnarjokka (Inarijoki) River, signed at Helsinki
Agreements � Europe 127
Torne/TornealvenTotal area: 37,300 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Sweden 25,400 67.98Finland 10,400 28.00Norway 1,500 4.03
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
December 15, 1971 Konkama, Muonio,Tome
Finland; Sweden Agreement between Finland and Swedenconcerning frontier waters
October 26, 1905 Frontier or sharedwaters
Norway; Sweden Treaties and conventions concerning thedissolution of the Swedish-Norwegian Union
128 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
TulomaTotal area: 25,800 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Russia 23,700 91.85Finland 2,000 7.93
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
April 24, 1964 Frontier orshared waters
Finland; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Finland and the Union of SovietSocialist Republics concerning frontier watercourses(with exchange of letters), Helsinki
Agreements � Europe 129
Vardar*
Total area: 32,400 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Macedonia 20,300 62.83Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) 8,200 25.22Greece 3,900 11.94
Moseel River. Photocredit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty NameJune 18, 1959 Axios, Dojran,
Dragas, Ljumnica,Pelagonia, Prespa,Sakuleva, Vardar
Greece, Kingdom of;Yugoslavia, FederalPeople's Republic of
Agreement between the Federal People'sRepublic of Yugoslavia and the Kingdom ofGreece concerning hydro-economic questions,signed at Athens
May 25, 1954 Dojran, Dragas,Ljumnica,Pelagonia, Prespa,Sakuleva, Vardar
Greece; Yugoslavia,People's Republic of
Exchange of notes between Greece andYugoslavia
130 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
Vistula/WistaTotal area: 194,000 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Poland 169,700 87.45Ukraine 12,700 6.55Byelarus 9,800 5.03Slovakia 1,900 0.96Czech Republic 20 0.01
Date TreatyBasin
Signatories Treaty Name
November 23, 1992 Notspecified
Czech Republic;Slovak Republic
Treaty between the Czech Republic government andthe Slovak Republic government on mutual relationsand principles of cooperation in agriculture, foodindustry, forestry, and water economy under theconditions of the customs union
July 17, 1964 Vistula Polish People'sRepublic; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between the government of the PolishPeople's Republic and the government of the Unionof Soviet Socialist Republics concerning the use ofwater resources in frontier waters
July 8, 1948 Frontier orsharedwaters
Poland; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Poland and the USSRconcerning the regime on the Soviet-Polish statefrontier
May 27, 1871 San, Vistula Austria; Russia A treaty regarding navigation and hydraulic worksalong the rivers Vistula and San [no title available]
Agreements � Europe 131
Volga*
Total area: 1,554,900 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Russia 1,551,300 99.77Kazakhstan 2,200 0.14Byelarus 1,300 0.08
Rhine River. Photocredit: Michael Freitag.
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
August 27, 1992 Irtysh, Ishim,Tobol, Ural
Kazakhstan, Republicof; Russian Federation
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Kazakhstan and the government ofthe Russian Federation concerning the joint useand protection of transboundary waters
132 Atlas of International Freshwater Agreements
VuoksaTotal area: 62,700 km2
Area of Basin in CountryCountries km2 %
Finland 54,300 86.48Russia 8,500 13.52
Date Treaty Basin Signatories Treaty Name
July 12, 1972 Vuoksa/Vuoksi Finland, Republicof; Union of SovietSocialist Republics
Agreement between the government of theRepublic of Finland and the government ofthe Union of Soviet Socialist Republicsconcerning the production of electric power inthe part of the Vuoksi River bounded by theImatra and Svetogorsk hydroelectric station
April 24, 1964 Frontier or sharedwaters
Finland; Union ofSoviet SocialistRepublics
Agreement between Finland and the Union ofSoviet Socialist Republics concerning frontierwatercourses (with exchange of letters),Helsinki
October 28, 1922 Kutajoki, Kutalahti, Kuusamon-järvi, LakeLadoga, LakeTulenanjärvi, LakeTuulijärvi, Lentiera,Lieksa, Luttojoki,Pääjärvi, Paanajärvi,Pielisjärvi, Pistojoki,Tulenmananjoki,Tuntsajoki, Tuulijoki,Tuulomanjoki,Ulanganjoki, Yla-Kuittijärvi
Finland, Republicof; RussianSocialist FederalSoviet Republic
Convention between the Republic of Finlandand the Russian Socialist Federal SovietRepublic concerning the maintenance of riverchannels and the regulation of fishing onwater courses forming part of the frontierbetween Finland and Russia
