Europe Between the Wars

Growth of new nations

What Caused these Countries to Change?

President Wilson’s 14 Points- Wilson’s Goals for a post-war Europe

What was Wilson’s Vision?

Changed Society?

• Suffrage Rights expand- Britain Allows Full Male Suffrage in

1918-Britain Allows Female Suffrage in 1928-US Allows Women Suffrage in 1920-Germany and Other states grant

suffrage to women-USSR grants Suffrage in 1917

Reforms

• Labor Unions “Grow in Prestige and Importance”

• Eight Hour Work Day• Government Health Insurance– 1930, in France, 10 million workers are insured

Nationalism vs. Fascism

Nationalism- extreme devotion to one’s country excessive patriotism

Fascism-a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism.

How are these linked?

Nazi Propaganda

“The sower of Peace, not the Dragon’s teeth”

“Europe’s victory is your prosperity”

The Eternal Jew

Your Own KDf Car

Italy:-1922, Benito Mussolini established a fascist regime

October 1922- Mussolini and his “blackshirts” march on Rome, forcing the parliamentary government to resign

-Blackshirts= Mussolini’s military supporters

Repression in Fascist Italy:Matteotti- Exposed hundreds of incidents of violence and crimes by

fascists- He was murdered by the fascist party.

Symbolism of Fascist Italy:Mussolini claimed he was returning Rome to its old glory.

GermanyAdolf Hitler- His Dislikes: Royalty, Marxism, Jews, aristocracy, socialism, cosmopolitanism, internationalism, “hybridization.”

He considered him self “pure German,” but he was actually Austrian.

Rise of the NAZIs“Beer Hall Putsch”- failed attempt at nationalist revolution

1932-1933: backed by conservatives, nationalists, and others who opposed the Weimar Republic Hitler was elected Chancellor.

Symbolism of FascismHitler relied on Roman symbols as well as the ideas of the Medieval Teutonic Knights