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EUROPE BEFORE WWI EUROPE AFTER WWI
Factors leading to Rise of Dictators
Treaty of Versailles
Economic Problems
________ Republic
Lost Faith in ___________
League of Nations
use of ___________
U.S. President
Wilson
French Prime Minister
Clemenceau
Italian Prime
Minister Orlando
British Prime
Minister George
“Big Four”
RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY__________________ is a
“Totalitarian” government which:
Glorifies the state
___ leader and one party
Society controlled by the government
No opposition/protests are tolerated
________________ and _______________ widely practiced
Anti-Democratic
Benito Mussolini - 1922
Est. Fascism
Joined Germany in 1940
BENITO MUSSOLINI – “IL DUCE”
•1922 – “March on _____”
•“Blackshirts”
•Expected loyalty to Italy
•“Believe, Obey, Fight”
•14 ________= medal
•Educate youth
•“Sons of the Wolf”
•Expansion
•“Survival of the Fittest”
STALIN’S COMMUNIST RUSSIA•1924 – Lenin died•Power struggle between Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky•1928 – Stalin is leader•“_____________________”
•Make USSR modern•Oil/Coal/Steel•“Collective Farms”
•Peasants forced to join
•Peasants resisted
•“Terror Famine”
•“Gulags”
STALIN’S COMMUNIST RUSSIA•1934 – “_____________”
Characteristics of Communism•“Classless society”•Society controlled by gov’t•Terror•Censorship•Propaganda•“___________________”•Opposite of capitalism
•“_________________”
FRANCISCO FRANCO’S SPAIN•1931 – Spanish Civil War
•“Nationalists” – Franco•Germany/Italy began sending soldiers/supplies to Franco•Guernica
•“weapons experiment”•Pablo Picasso
Japanese Expansionism_____________ = Emperor
Hideki ______ = Minister of War
Issei – foreign-born Japanese in U.S. before 1924
_______ – children of Issei born in U.S.
1931 -- Japan invaded Manchuria
Raw Materials
living space
1937 – Japan attacked ___________ – WWII in Asia
Hirohito
Tojo
Rise of Nazi Germany•Fought for Germany in WWI
•“Iron Cross”
•7th member of ____ Party
•1921 – leader of Nazi
Party
•Pledged to correct
Germany’s problems
Rise of Nazi Germany•1923 – Beer Hall Putsch
•Failed•Hitler thrown into jail•“___________________”
•__________ Race•Hatred of Jews/Commies•____________________•Blamed Germany’s problems on T of V (Stab in the Back Theory), Jews, Commies, Weimar Republic•Nazi Bible
•1925 – 25K Nazis
Rise of Nazi Germany•10/29/1929 – “Black _______”•1929 – 180K Nazis•Economic crisis helped pave
way for Hitler/Nazis•1932 – Nazi Party – largest in
___________________•1/30 1933 – Von Hindenburg
appoints Hitler as ________•Hitler put people to work in
armament factories and
public works programs
Great Depression and High Unemployment and led to a dramatic increase in votes for Hitler
and the Nazi Party
Election date Votes in millions
%
May 20, 1928 0.81 2.6
September 14, 1930
6.41 18.3
July 31, 1932 13.75 37.3
November 6, 1932
11.74 33.1
March 5, 1933
17.28 43.9
Rise of Nazi Germany•Feb 1933 – Reichstag Fire
•“Russian Terrorism or Nazi Propaganda???”
•3/23/1933 – ______________•“Law for Removing the Distress
of the People and the Reich”
•Symbolic beginning of dictatorship
•Censorship
•“_____” – motto – “My honor is called loyalty”
•Hitler’s “Praetorian Guard”
•Gestapo
•“HJ’
•6/30/1934 – Night of __________
Rise of Nazi Germany•8/2/1934 – Von Hindenburg
dies•“_______________” takes over•“Today Germany, Tomorrow the World”
•8/19/1934 – ______% approval in plebescite vote
HITLER’S TREATMENT OF JEWS•1935 – _________________ Laws•11/9/1938 – _________________•1941 – “Einsatzgruppen”•1942 – _____________ Conference