702132/702835 European Architecture B

Christopher Wren

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Sir Christopher WrenSir Christopher WrenMUAS 16,147MUAS 16,147

Christopher Wrenfirst major Baroque architect in Britain

a polymath with an intellectual approacheasy mastery as opposed to virtuosity

rationality and good taste

EARLY EXPERIMENTSEARLY EXPERIMENTS

SheldonianTheatre, Oxford, by Christopher Wren, 1664-9: interior view;

roof truss

Whinney, Wren, p 20; Downes, Architecture of

Wren, pl 53

Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford, from the northGeoffrey Beard, The Work of Christopher Wren (London 1982), pl 61; John Summerson,

Architecture in Britain 1530 to 1830, (4th ed, Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1963 [1953]), pl 75B

Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford, South frontMiles Lewis; Summerson,

Architecture in Britain , pl 75A

Pembroke College Chapel, Cambridge, by Christopher Wren,

1663-5

Miles Lewis

St Paul's Cathedral, with Jones’s alterationsSummerson, Architecture in Britain, pl 47(B)

Old St Paul's, proposal for the addition of a dome, by Wren, 1666, dome in elevation & section

Downes, Architecture of Wren, pls 20, 21

Wren's plan for London, 1666, with churches shaded blackDownes, Architecture of Wren, p 50, fig 5

ST PAUL'S CATHEDRALST PAUL'S CATHEDRAL

St Paul's Cathedral: detail of the London plan, c 1666Beard, Work of Wren, pl 80

St Paul's Cathedral: first model design, c 1669: part plan & sectionDownes, Architecture of Wren, p 53, fig 6

St Paul's Cathedral: Greek cross, design c 1672-3plan & elevation

Downes, Architecture of Wren, p 70; Beard, Work of Wren, pl 34

St Paul's Cathedral plansGreek cross, c 1672; Great Model, c 1673-4

Downes, Architecture of Wren, p 70

St Paul's: the Great Model, 1673MUAS 4,493

St Paul's: plans by WrenDownes, Christopher Wren, pp 165-7

St Paul's, the Warrant Design,

1675: section & plan

Downes, Architecture of Wren, pl 57, p 70

Ely Cathedral, c1080-1106,

crossing rebuilt after 1332: south transept from the

octagon

Elfincolor, 591B4

St Paul's, the Warrant Design, 1675west & south elevations

Beard, Work of Wren, pl 90; Downes, Architecture of Wren, pl 56

St Paul's Cathedral, London, by Sir Christopher Wren,as designed, 1675: south elevation

Downes, Architecture of Wren, pl 58.

St Paul's Cathedral, London, as designed by Wren, 1675, sectionDownes, Architecture of Wren, pl 59

St Paul's, plan as executed, 1675-1710Downes, Architecture of Wren, pl 70

St Paul's: section through choir & view of buttressesWhinney, Wren, p 98; Beard, Work of Wren, pl 101

St Paul's, section though dome, looking

east

Whinney, Wren, p 120

dome of St Paul's, as built by Wren, 1675-1710section & plan of carpentry, axonometric section

Francis Price, The British Carpenter (London 1753), facing p 30Margaret Whinney, Wren (London 1971), p 121

Baptistery, Pisa: original and present elevations & sectionsE H Swift, Roman Sources of Christian Art (New York 1951), after Rouhault de Fleury, Les

Monuments du Pise

St Paul's, overall view of the ultimate designMUAS 14,988

St Paul's, west

elevation

Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus

St Paul's west front, engraved view by Henry Hulsborgh, 1713, and detail of the west towers as built

Beard, Work of Wren, pl 107; MUAS 14,986

west towers of St Paul’s, London

Sant' Agnesein Piazza Navona,

Rome

MUAS 14,986, 13,504

St Paul's Catheral, ondon,bny Christopher Wren]Dôme des Invalides, Paris, by Jules Hardouin-Mansart, 1680-1:

St Paul's, view from the south-eastMUAS 24,420

St Paul's, detail of the south sideMUAS 24,422

Sta Maria della Pace, Rome, by Pietro da Cortona, 1656-7: contemporary view

Varriano, Italian Baroque and Rococo, p 116

St Paul's, nave, looking east ; S

Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, Andrea

Palladio, 1565-80

Elfincolor, 20A2 (192) ; Miles Lewis

St Paul's, the crossing, looking

south-west

Elfincolor, 20A4 (214); Downes, Architecture of

Wren, pl 142

SECULAR WORKSSECULAR WORKS

Trinity College Library, Cambridge, by Wren, 1676-84: view from Neville's Court

Elfincolor, 570G1

Trinity Library: original drawings by WrenDownes, Christopher Wren, p 26

Trinity Library: diagram of floor constructionDownes, Christopher Wren, p 32

Trinity Libraryinterior

Downes, Christopher Wren, p 32

Trinity Library: rear viewMiles Lewis

Trinity Library from the CamElfincolor, 570G3

Greenwich Hospital: Wren's scheme of 1694: elevationMUAS 6,134

Greenwich Hospitalfirst plan

Whinney, Wren, p 189

Greenwich Hospital first design, perspective viewMargaret Richardson, John Soane: Connoisseur and Collector (London 1995), no 10

Greenwich Hospital, scheme as built, 1696-1715: perspective viewColen Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus, III, pp 3-4

Greenwich Hospital: aerial viewRoy Strong, Royal Gardens (London 1992), p 179

Greenwich Hospital: planSummerson, Architecture in Britain, p 174

Greenwich Hospital: modern view from the riverMUAS 4,495

Greenwich Hospital:

view within the forecourt

the eastern dome and screen

Beard, Work of Wren, pl 67, replacing Downes, Christopher

Wren, p 116; Downes, Christopher Wren, p 116

THE CITY CHURCHESTHE CITY CHURCHES

some of the City churches of London by Christopher Wren, late C17thDownes, Christopher Wren, pp 144-5

more of the City churches of London by Christopher Wren, late C17thWhinney, Wren, pp 50-51

St Stephen, Walbrook, by Wren, 1672-9

isometric diagram & plan

MUAS 25,053, 9,835

St Stephen, Walbrook: interiors looking east & westMUAS 2,123, 4,488

St Stephen, Walbrook: the domeMUAS 24,413

St Mildred, Bread Street, begun 1677,

destroyed 1941 interior & plan

Whinney, Wren, pp 50-51; MUAS 10,961

St Lawrence, Jewry, 1671-87: MUAS 2,206

St Bride, Fleet Street, 1671-8

Miles Lewis; Country Life,CXXIII, 3182 (9 January 1958), p

50

St Bride, Fleet Street; St James, Piccadilly, 1676-84Country Life, CXXIII, 3182 (9 January 1958), p 50; MUAS 4,436

St James, Piccadilly, 1676-84Miles Lewis; MUAS 4,436

St Clement Danes, Strand, 1680-2

Miles Lewis; Whinney, Wren, p 50

St Clement Danes, north sideMiles Lewis

St Clement Danes, from the west, with Gibbs's steepledrawing by J Coney, for the Architectural Series of London

Churches, 1818; MUAS 24,409

towers and steeples by WrenMUAS 2,757

Tom Tower, Christ Church College, Oxford, 1682: from the west & the east

Miles Lewis

St Mary, Aldermary, Queen Victoria Street, London, by Wren, 1681-2;St Mary Somerset, London, by Wren, 1686-95, surviving tower

MUAS 24,419; 4,322

St Benet, Paul's Wharf, 1677-83; St Andrew-by-the-Wardrobe, 1685-93 Downes, Architecture of Wren, pl 99; MUAS 4,323

St Martin Ludgate, Ludgate Hill, by Wren, 1677-84: elevationBeard, Work of Wren, pl 171; Miles Lewis

St Augustine, Watling Street, by

Wren, 1680-3

Miles Lewis

St Bride, Fleet Street, steeple, 1701-3

Miles Lewis; Jeffery, The City Churches, p 224, fig 9

St Charles Borromeo, Antwerp, probably by Pieter Huyssens, 1620: steeple; St Mary-le-Bow, steeple as first proposed (apparently before 1677; St Magnus Martyr, by Wren,

completed 1705Whinney, Wren, p 79; Jeffery, The City Churches, p 39, fig 10; Amery, Wren's London, p 343

St Mary-le-Bow, Cheapside, by Wren, steeple 1678-80elevation and section of steeple; view; detail of steeple

Colen Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus, II, p 26; Beard, Work of Wren, pl 139; MUAS 24,417

St Mary-le-Bow doorway; design by François Mansartfor a doorway for the Hôtel de Conti, Paris, after 1648

Whinney, Wren, p 71

St Vedast, Foster Lane,

1670-3: steeple 1694-7

Miles LewisDownes,

Christopher Wren, p 174