Ethnic / Linguistic Groups Ethnic / Linguistic Groups in Taiwan in Taiwan

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Singh’s Multiple Layers Singh’s Multiple Layers of Ethnicity of Ethnicity

EnglishmanEnglishman

ScotsScots

East IndianEast Indian

FrenchmanFrenchman

AmericanAmerican

MartianMartian

Singh, Ishta. 1999. Language and ethnicity. In Linda Thomas and Shan Wareing, editors. Language, Society and Power: An Introduction, pp. 83-97. London: Routledge, p. 86. 2/13

Multiple Layers of EthnicityMultiple Layers of Ethnicity The fact that people can have multiple layers of ethnic identity was neatly The fact that people can have multiple layers of ethnic identity was neatly illustrated on a 1997 advertisement on BBC Radio 1 for a helpline for victims of illustrated on a 1997 advertisement on BBC Radio 1 for a helpline for victims of racial harassment. racial harassment.

It took the form first of two men, one English, the other Scottish, arguing in a It took the form first of two men, one English, the other Scottish, arguing in a pub. The two traded insults based on the other’s individual ethnic identity.pub. The two traded insults based on the other’s individual ethnic identity.

A third man, with an East Indian accent, then intervened and the Englishman A third man, with an East Indian accent, then intervened and the Englishman and Scotsman then claimed solidarity as ‘real’ British, turning on the member of and Scotsman then claimed solidarity as ‘real’ British, turning on the member of the British East Indian minority group. the British East Indian minority group.

A Frenchman then walked into the foray, which caused the Englishman, A Frenchman then walked into the foray, which caused the Englishman, Scotsman and East Indian to claim solidarity as ‘British’ and to carry on a well-Scotsman and East Indian to claim solidarity as ‘British’ and to carry on a well-established tradition of hostility with France.established tradition of hostility with France.

An American then stepped in, causing the Frenchman and the ‘British’ to merge An American then stepped in, causing the Frenchman and the ‘British’ to merge into ‘Europeans’. into ‘Europeans’.

The sketch ended with the appearance of a Martian, which then united the rest The sketch ended with the appearance of a Martian, which then united the rest as ‘Earth humans’.as ‘Earth humans’.

Singh, Ishta. 1999. Language and ethnicity. In Linda Thomas and Shan Wareing, editors. Language, Society and Power: An Introduction, pp. 83-97. London: Routledge, p. 86. 3/13

King Charles V (1500-1558)

Charles V is quoted as saying: I speak

Spanish to God, Italian to women, French to men and German to my horse.

From The Columbia World of Quotations (1996) found at www.bartleby.com4/13

French Equivalents for French Equivalents for Borrowed wordsBorrowed words

Loan Word Native Equivalent

le weekend la fin de la semaine computer ordinateur software logiciel

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www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions 6/13

www.ethnomusic.ucla.edu/ensembles/worldmusic/balkans/map.htm 7/13

www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions

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The Language(s) of Yugoslavia The Language(s) of Yugoslavia

LanguageLanguage SerbianSerbian Croatian Croatian BosnianBosnian

EthnicityEthnicity SerbsSerbs Croats Croats BosniansBosnians

LocationLocation EastEast WestWest Middle Middle

AlphabetAlphabet Cyrillic Cyrillic LatinLatin ? ?

ReligionReligion Orthodox Orthodox CatholicCatholic MuslimMuslim ChristianChristian

Trudgill, Peter. 2000. Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society, 4th edition. London: Penguin Books, pp. 46-48.

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Substratum Influence on EnglishSubstratum Influence on EnglishGaelic Substratum Gaelic Substratum

West Highland West Highland Standard ScotsStandard Scots

EnglishEnglish EnglishEnglish

Take that whisky hereTake that whisky here Bring that whisky here.Bring that whisky here.

I’m seeing you!I’m seeing you! I can see you!I can see you!

It’s not that It’s not that I don’t want that.I don’t want that.

that I’m wanting.that I’m wanting.

Trudgill, Peter. 2000. Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society, 4th edition. London: Penguin Books, p. 51.

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AAVE Absence of AAVE Absence of Present Tense BE Present Tense BE

She real nice.She real nice.They out there.They out there.He not American.He not American.If you good, you going to heaven. If you good, you going to heaven.

BUTBUT

I know what it is.I know what it is.Is she? Is she?

Trudgill, Peter. 2000. Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society, 4th edition. London: Penguin Books, p. 55.

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AAVE Invariant BE AAVE Invariant BE

He usually be aroundHe usually be around

Sometime she be fightingSometime she be fighting

Sometime when they do it, most of the Sometime when they do it, most of the

problems always be wrong.problems always be wrong.

She be nice and happy.She be nice and happy.

They sometimes be incomplete.They sometimes be incomplete.

BUTBUT

*He be busy right now.*He be busy right now. (No be)(No be)

*He be my father.*He be my father. (No be)(No be)

Trudgill, Peter. 2000. Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society, 4th edition. London: Penguin Books, p. 55.

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UK Social Class and Accent—UK Social Class and Accent—Population ViewPopulation View

Montgomery, Martin. 1995. Montgomery, Martin. 1995. An Introduction to Language and SocietyAn Introduction to Language and Society, 2nd edition. Ro, 2nd edition. Routledge, p. 71.utledge, p. 71.

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