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Ethiopian Renaissance
and TVET Reform at a Glance
September 2014
Outline
1. Background 2. TVET Strategy
Aims, Principles & Key Issues
Outcome Based Approach
GTP Priority Sectors
3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect
1. Background 2. TVET Strategy
Aims, Principles & Key Issues
Outcome Based Approach
GTP Priority Sectors
3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect
Our goal is implemented at the era where Globalization laws are prevailing at international level,
This implies, to continue as a country in a globalized world, competitiveness is required; if not Failed State position is inevitable,
High performing human resource development and being technology innovator are pivotal factors,
Growth will be realized under the influence of Globalization
0.1
10
5
1
Risk falling to the Low-Income Trap
Challenge to imitate a wide range of different Products & Technologies
Challenge to expand Productive Capacities into new Products, Technologies and manage the Transformation Process
Risk falling to the Middle-Income Trap
Lower Middle Income
Upper Middle Income
Low Income
High Income
55 25
Per Capita Income (‘000 US$)
Yrs.
Ethiopian Renaissance
02/03 07/08 12/13 17/18 22/23 27/28 32/33 37/38 42/43 47/48 52/53 57/58
0.1
10
5
1
Lower Middle Income
Upper Middle Income
Low Income
High Income
55 25
Per Capita Income (‘000 US$)
Yrs.
Ethiopian Renaissance
02/03 07/08 12/13 17/18 22/23 27/28 32/33 37/38 42/43 47/48 52/53 57/58
TVET Led by Education &
Training Sector
TVET Led by Industry & Education & Training Sector
TVET Fully led by Industry (Chambers)
Though TVET development growth continued in 2002/ 03, Core Problems persisted (e.g.) Training: Not focused towards Industry’s &
Development Program’s Demand , Training provisions: Only Formal Training & center
based, All Training areas: Time Bound, Quality Assurance: Centralized Curriculum, Trained graduates: Couldn’t get employment, Industries: Not competitive (locally, internationally), Stakeholders participation: Non-existent,
Background (up to 2005/ 2006)
1. Background 2. TVET Strategy
Aims, Principles & Key Issues
Outcome Based Approach
GTP Priority Sectors
3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect
Centers of Technology Transfer, Life – Long – Learning, Flexible Training Provision, Co-operative & In-Company Training Delivery, Stakeholders’ Participation, Decentralization, Integration of all sectors to the TVET system,
1 Policy & System Development 2 Occupational Standards, Assessment & Certification 3 Human Resource Development 4 Institutional Capacity Development 5 Cooperative & In - Company Training 6 Industry Extension & Technology Transfer
Creating
One Coherent Outcome - Based TVET System
which includes Formal, Non-Formal, Informal,
Initial & Further Training for
All Sectors
Aim Principles
Key Issues
National TVET Strategy 2007/8
Occupational Standard
Setting
Assessment & Certification
Cooperative & In-Company Training Provision (70/30) in
Industry & TVET
Industry
Demand (Industry &
Development Programs )
Supply (Competent Workforce & Technology)
Industry led
Outcome-Based TVET System
TVET led
Priority Sector 1. Agriculture 1.1 Crop Production 1.2 Animal Production 1.3 Natural Resources Development &
Conservation
2. Industry Development 2.1 Leather 2.2 Textile and Garments 2.3 Metals 2.4 Cement 2.5 Sugar 2.6 Chemical Manufacturing 2.7 Agro-Processing 2.8 Wood & Bamboo Processing
3. Economic Infrastructure 3.1 Road Construction 3.2 Railway Construction & Transport 3.3 Road Transport 3.4 Maritime Transport & Operation
Priority Sector 3.5 Air Transport 3.6 Energy 3.7 Water and Irrigation Construction 3.8 Water Resource/Utility and Irrigation 3.9 Information & Communication
Technology 3.10 Urban Development & Construction 4. Education & Training 5. Health 6. Culture, Sport & Tourism 7. Trade 8. Mining and Extractive 9. Labor Affairs & Social
Service
Priority Sectors of the Growth & Transformation Plan
A Concerted Effort Towa rds Demand Driven Technology Transfer and
R&D
Highly labor-intensive construction projects: The “Cobblestone Project”, (now fully private), The 85 thousand km universal rural road access program,
inter-regional road initiatives, (becoming private), The Grand Renaissance Dam, (Government), 3 expansion and 9 new Sugar Manufacturing Plants with
expected demand for competent workforce around 500 thousand in the area of house construction, sugar plantation and sugar manufacturing plant erection, (60/ 40: Gov./ Pvt.)
The Growth & Transformation Plan (GTP)
1. Background 2. TVET Strategy
Aims, Principles & Key Issues
Outcome Based Approach
GTP Priority Sectors
3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect
Industry Extension
Cooperative Training
TVET
Education, Training, Research
Industry Micro, Small,
Medium & Large Enterprises
Agriculture Industry Economic Infrastructure Trade Health Culture/
Tourism Mine
Market
Direct Supply
Sub-Contracting
Competent Workforce & Competitive
MSE
GTP Priority Sectors Competitive Product
& Services
Demand of Competent
Workforce & Technology
Assure and sustatin International Competitiveness
Investigate Industry’s demand and its problems, analyze existing world best practices & approaches and revise and improve present education and training system, Associate directly with development and
produce competent workforce which can suitably contribute to growth, Facilitate requirements for teachers and
students to participate in technology adaptation and transfer inside industry, Accumulate technological capability which can
determine fast and continuous growth,
Education &Training and Research Institutions’ Linkage
o UNI & Sector Bureaus in collaboration with TVET analyze Value Chain for identified Industry based on GTP
Identifying process constrains
Technology demand
Identification
Best Technology
Identification & Analysis
Impact Assessment
Technology Transfer
o TVET selects competent MSEs, capacitate them and transfer best technology accordingly
o Competent multipliers through industry extension support supervision enter to manufacturing
Prototype Development
o UNI / Research & Sector Bureaus conduct impact assessment & identify new demands
UNI / Research Select best demanded Technology, formulate design & develop blue print
o TVET produce prototype based on formulated design & blue print
o UNI Research, TVET & the development sector from the economic corridor conduct series of tests on the prototype
Education, Training and Research Institutes Coordination
1. Background 2. TVET Strategy
Aims, Principles & Key Issues
Outcome Based Approach
GTP Priority Sectors
3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect
No Key Issues Planned Achieved % 1 Industry Lead Assessors’ Develp’t (L3 & 4) 2,708 2,410 89 2 Accredited Industry Competency
Assessment Centers (medium & big) 178 258 145
3 Industry Workers’ Competency Assessm’t Medium & Big Industries MSE Operators Farmers
145,176 309,580
1,621,908
81,262 44,404 44,022
60
14.4 2.7
4 TVET Trainees’ Competency Assessment Formal Training Short Term Training
174,821
66.272
121,990
51,842
70
78.2
5 Cooperative Training Coverage 300,132 247,289 82 6 Short Term Demand Oriented Training 2,488,339 1,950,677 78 7 Industry Extension Service to MSE
Operators 608,952 559,674 91.9
9 Technology Transferred to MSEs 1,417 1,432 101 10 Wealth Generated by MSEs (Eth. Birr) 126.0 Mil. 138Mil. 109
General TVET Data (status: April / May 2013) Public TVET Institutions
Oromia 126 Amhara 67 Tigray 27 SNNPR 23 Addis Ababa
32
Dire Dawa
2
Afar 4 Beni-S Gumuz
4
Gambela 2 Somali 6 Harari 2
Nationwide 13,533 Trainers in 9 Regions
C Level = 9,596 B Level = 3,533 A Level = 404
Current trainees Enrollment 404,041 Male: 50.2% Female: 49.8%
TVET Institutions Public 365 Private 538 NGO 31
Total 934
No Partner Country
Key Intervention Areas
Remark Policy & System
Development
TVET Trainer’s/ Leader’s
Development Institutional
Development
Technology Transfer & Ind.
Ext. Service MSE Development
(Top Priority)
1 Germany Dual Training Study Tours Financial Co.
2 China FTI Study Tours
3 Korea Polytechnic Study Tours
4 Italy Polytechnic 5 Australia Study Tours 6 Japan KAIZEN 7 Cuba Trainers
Partner Countries & Intervention Areas
1. Background 2. TVET Strategy
Aims, Principles & Key Issues
Outcome Based Approach
GTP Priority Sectors
3. Industry, Research Institute & University Linkage 4. Achievements so far and 2014 TVET Data 5. International Cooperation Modalities
Ethiopian TVET Reform in Retrospect
Mechanisms
TVET Institutions Twinning, Institutional Capacity Building:
provision of specialized machines & equipments for selected priority areas,
Deployment of Expat Trainers (short & long term) & Technology Capacity Developers [Fabricators] in priority areas: Focus on distinctive GTP industrial sub sector areas (Textile,
Leather, Metal etc..)
Co- management of selected TVET Institutions,
Feasible Cooperation
Emphasis
Partnership matters need: to reflect on demand, be focused and
prioritized, to consider sense of urgency of the needs of
the specific prioritized sector, to comprehend that human resource
development predominantly TVET Trainers’ capacity development is a critical intervention area,
Feasible Partnership
Thank you!