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ETHICAL DILEMMAS
Flay J. Lee, LCAS,CCS
Vice President, Clinical Services
Hope Haven, Inc.
Agenda (Segment One)
Welcome & Introduction
Meditation Reading
G2G Ice Breaker
Ethical Principles of Conduct
Ethical Principles (NCSAPPB)
Ethical issues in the S.A. Field
Assumptions
Review of Ethical Values
Code of Professional Practice
CRITICAL INCIDENTS
Ethical Issues in Substance Abuse
prevention and Treatment, 1993
William L. White
Ethical Issues in the Prevention and
Treatment of Addiction, 2001
William L. White and Renee M. Popovits
What does Ethics mean?
A set of principles of right
conduct. The philosophical study
of moral value of human conduct
and the rules and principles that
govern
Ethical Principles of Conduct
The ethical guidelines governing the Substance Abuse
Professional are established to insure that the highest
standards are followed for the professional practice in the
alcohol and other drug abuse service delivery system.
The primary goal is to set forth principles to guide the
conduct of the professional in this profession. Violations
may deem malpractice, gross negligence, incompetence, or
engaging in conduct that could result in harm or injury to
the public.
What is an ethical dilemma?
An ethical dilemma is a situation that
presents a conflict between socially accepted
principles of what is right and wrong and the
consequences of actions.
Moral
Professional
Business
Ethical Principles
Non-discrimination
Competence
Legal and Ethical Standards
Public Statements
Publication Credit
Client Welfare
Confidentiality
Client Relationships
Interprofessional Relationships
Remuneration
Responsibility of Supervisor to Supervisee
Ethical Issues in the S.A. Field
The Composition of the Field
The Short History and Transience of the field.
The Industrialization of the Field
The Changing context of Substance Abuse
Assumptions
Workers bring with them personal standards of
morality and ethical conduct that can be relied
upon to assure the ethical conduct of the
agency.
Workers have common sense.
Workers have been trained in ethical issues and
ethical standards as part of their academic and
professional training.
Assumptions (Cont.)
There is no need for agency to concern itself with
ethical standards development because workers are
bound by ethical codes tied to their professional
certification/licensure.
Ethical dilemmas are concerns for those staff in
counseling roles.
Ethical dilemmas are personal/professional issues,
not an institutional roles.
Assumptions (Cont.)
Workers who violate ethical principles are bad
people. If we hire and retain good people, we will be
assured of ethical conduct. Persons who violate
ethical principles should be extruded from the
profession.
A high caliber of professional and ethical conduct is
assured because of the values and skills of our
supervisors who place great emphasis in this area.
If workers get in trouble, they will ask for help. If we
as managers don’t hear about ethical conflicts, there
must not be any!
Knowledge & Skills
Answer Yes or No to the following questions
Are education, experience and certification/licensure requirements
for positions within the agency set at such a level as to increase the
likelihood that staff have prior knowledge and skills in ethical
decision making?
Are there opportunities for staff at all levels to explore ethical issues
with other professionals within and outside of the agency?
Does the agency have access to outside technical expertise for
consultation on complex ethical legal issues?
Ethical Standards
Answer Yes or No to the following questions
Does the agency have a code of professional ethics integrated within its P & P?
Have staff had the opportunity to participate in the development or episodic review of the professional
practice standards?
Are violations of ethical conduct addressed immediately and consistently?
Organizational Culture
Answer Yes or No to the following questions
Are ethical issues raised within the context of employee hiring and new employee orientation?
Do organizational leaders talk about ethical issues in their communication with staff?
Is adherence to ethical and professional practice standards a component of the performance evaluations of all staff?
Is there an active EAP to address areas of personal impairment affecting judgment and conduct of staff?
Ethical Violations
Answer Yes or No to the following questions
Are the potential consequences of breaches of
ethical conduct clearly defined and communicated to
staff?
Are the procedures through which ethical violations
are addressed at the agency clearly defined and
communicated to staff?
Ethical Values Review
Autonomy (Enhance freedom of personal destiny)
Obedience (obey legal & ethically permissible directives)
Conscientious Refusal (Disobey illegal/unethical directives)
Beneficence (Help Others)
Gratitude (Pass good along to others)
Competence (Be knowledgeable and skilled)
Justice (Be fair, distribute by merit)
Stewardship (Use resources judiciously)
A Review of Ethical Values
Honesty and Condor (Tell the truth)
Fidelity (Do not break promises)
Loyalty (Do not abandon)
Diligence (Work hard)
Discretion (Respect confidentiality and privacy)
Self-improvement (Be the best that you can be)
Nonmaleficence (Do not hurt anyone)
Restitution (Make amends to persons injured)
Self-interest (Protect yourself)
The Relationship between
Ethics and Law
Ethical and Legal
Ethical and illegal, breaking an unjust law
Ethical and alegal, where no law applies
Unethical & legal, complying with an unjust law
Unethical & illegal, breaking a just law
Unethical & alegal, committing an unethical act that is not legally prohibited.
Thompson 1990
What is a Code of
Professional Practice (CPP)?
A Code of Professional Practice:
is an explicitly defined set of beliefs, values and
standards that guide organizational members in
the conduct of activities in pursuit of the
agency’s mission.
The code is a framework for day to day
decision making within a organization.
CODE OF PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
Defines boundaries of Appropriate and inappropriate conduct.
Designed to protect the health and safety of, and promote the quality of services provided to, service consumers.
Enhances public safety.
Protects the integrity and reputation of the individual staff members and the agency.
Ethical Decision Making
Whose interests are involved and who can be harmed? Or who are the potential winners and losers?
What universal and/or cultural values apply to this situation ? What course of action would be suggested by these values and which of these values are in conflict in this situation?
What standards of law, professional propriety, organizational policy or historical practice apply to this situation?
BREAK
Segment two is next!!!