21
- / ET- ECONOMY ! !!! (China, U.S.A and European governments Political and Economic advantages in Ethiopia) ክፍል ሁለት #/ $ %/&’! {7}() * + , Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013) No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 4 India 47 302,993 EEP, TATA sign 2.9bln Birr transmission line project (Ethiopian Herald June 8/2016) A.A – The Ethiopia Electric Power (EEP) signed a contract agreement with the Indian multinational conglomerate TaTa Project Limited for the construction of transmission line that stretches from Bahir Dar II Subsation to Kombolcha III Substation via Woldiya II Substation amounting to 2.9 billion Birr. The agreement consists of design, manufacturing, supply, erection, test and commissioning of about 403 km twin conductor transmission line composed of 295 km and 87 km long 400kv transmission lines from Bahir Dar II to Woldia II and from Woldia II to Kombolcha III respectively.14 km long 230 kv transmission line from Kombolcha existing Substation to Kombolcha III industrial zone and seven km long 230kv Woldia Substation LILO from existing 230 kv transmission line. () ,-. /’ %’0 ! 1) ,-. 2 ’ )’3 45678 9:-; 2 <= > ?#@ * AB’ 1) ,-. =’=’CD5E 700,000 FG’ 2C !’H ’ IJ(LM> (Biofuel) 4VW4XY BZ D%- *&[ + JZ\J !B> 9: > ’ IJ ]^^) Table A1. Partial List of Large-Scale Land Transfers in Ethiopia Investor Country Land Size (Hectares) Crops Location Chadha Agro India 122,000 Biofuel Oromia Emami Biotech India 80,000 Biofuel Oromia Kanan D Hills India 10,000 Tea SNNP Karuturi India 11,000 Rice, Biofuel Oromia SHAMPORJI India 50,000 Biofule BeniShangul Spentex India 25,000 Cotton BeniShangul Sunrise Indust India 15,000 Food Oromia Vatic India 20,000 Biofule Borena,Oromia BHO** India 27,000 Rice, sesame Gambella (Itang woreda) Karuturi India 300,000 Rice, palm oil Gambella (Itang & Jikaw woreda) Lucky Exports India 5,000 Tea Gambella (Godere woreda) Ruchi Soya** India 25,000 Soya,Palm oil Gambella (Goge woreda) Sannati Agro India 10,000 Rice,Pulses Gambella (Dimi woreda) Total India 700,000 Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports. Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more http://www.landgovernance.org/system/files/Ethiopia_Rahmato_FSS_0.pdf. Source: Gambella Investment Commission, MOARD(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development), local press reports NOTE: *Large-Scale means 2000 hectares or more Lease period: ** = 30 years; all others 50 years.

ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

��-���� / ET- ECONOMY

���� �� ����� ������ ����� ���� ��� ���� ! !!!

(China, U.S.A and European governments Political and Economic advantages in Ethiopia) ክፍል ሁለት

#/�$�� %/&'!�

{7}�(�)� ��* +�� ��,�����

Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013) No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 4 India 47 302,993

EEP, TATA sign 2.9bln Birr transmission line project (Ethiopian Herald June 8/2016)

A.A – The Ethiopia Electric Power (EEP) signed a contract agreement with the Indian multinational conglomerate TaTa Project Limited for the construction of transmission line that stretches from Bahir Dar II Subsation to Kombolcha III Substation via Woldiya II Substation amounting to 2.9 billion Birr. The agreement consists of design, manufacturing, supply, erection, test and commissioning of about 403

km twin conductor transmission line composed of 295 km and 87 km long 400kv transmission lines from

Bahir Dar II to Woldia II and from Woldia II to Kombolcha III respectively.14 km long 230 kv transmission

line from Kombolcha existing Substation to Kombolcha III industrial zone and seven km long 230kv

Woldia Substation LILO from existing 230 kv transmission line.

�(�) ��,�-�. ��/'� %'0 ���� !� �1�) ��,�-�. ��2� �'�� )'3 45�678 9�:��-;�� ��2� <= �> �?#@ ��* AB' �1�) ��,�-�. ='='C�D5E� 700,000 FG�' �2�C ��!�'H� �'� IJ�(L�M�> (Biofuel) 4�VW�4X��Y �BZ D%- *&[ ��+�� �JZ\J� ��!B��> 9�: ���> �'� IJ� ]�^^) Table A1. Partial List of Large-Scale Land Transfers in Ethiopia Investor Country Land Size

(Hectares) Crops Location

Chadha Agro India 122,000 Biofuel Oromia Emami Biotech India 80,000 Biofuel Oromia Kanan D Hills India 10,000 Tea SNNP Karuturi India 11,000 Rice, Biofuel Oromia SHAMPORJI India 50,000 Biofule BeniShangul Spentex India 25,000 Cotton BeniShangul Sunrise Indust India 15,000 Food Oromia Vatic India 20,000 Biofule Borena,Oromia

BHO** India 27,000 Rice, sesame Gambella (Itang woreda)

Karuturi India 300,000 Rice, palm oil Gambella (Itang & Jikaw woreda)

Lucky Exports India 5,000 Tea Gambella (Godere woreda)

Ruchi Soya** India 25,000 Soya,Palm oil Gambella (Goge woreda)

Sannati Agro India 10,000 Rice,Pulses Gambella (Dimi woreda)

Total India 700,000

Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports. Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more http://www.landgovernance.org/system/files/Ethiopia_Rahmato_FSS_0.pdf. Source: Gambella Investment Commission, MOARD(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development), local press reports NOTE: *Large-Scale means 2000 hectares or more Lease period: ** = 30 years; all others 50 years.

Page 2: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

India’s Investment in Ethiopia

� According to International center for trade and sustainable development (ICTSD)(2014)India is currently one of the most significant

foreign investors in the world

� Indian firms are active in sectors such as agriculture, floriculture, cotton and textiles, plastics, and health care.

� Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of services, including engineering, consultancy, ICT, water

management and education services in Ethiopia

� Since 1998 till the first quarter of 2014, India has invested more than USD 1.5 billion in the primary sector, (Cf to India’s FDI stock of

6 mln in 2012)

� of which approximately 97 percent has been directed towards the growing of crops: fruit, vegetables, flowers, and

beverage crops.

� The nextl , a bout 1%, was in animal farming.

� Mining and quarrying, the third larges, attracted USD 7.3 million

India’s Financing in Ethiopia

� Exim Bank of India has in place 133 Lines of Credit, covering over 71 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, Europe and the CIS, with

credit commitments of over USD 6.40 billion, available for financing exports from India in 2010.

� Exim Bank's LOCs afford a risk-free, non-recourse export financing option to Indian exporters.

� This support not only promotes Indian exports but also enabling Indian firms to carry out projects in emerging markets, including

those in Africa.

� In line with this the Export-Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) has extended a Line of Credit (LOC) of US$ 213.31 million to the

Government of Ethiopia recently

� which is the third tranche of the total credit commitment of US$ 640 million for financing sugar industry rehabilitation in Ethiopia

which was signed on December 1, 2010, by high level representatives of the two parties.

• Ethiopia has already received a $300m loan from India for a 665km rail line to link the country with neighboring Djibouti

� Indian Exim bank LOC will be used for financing at least 75% of total contract value through sourcing of goods and services from

India.

� Ethiopia also been the recipient of an earlier Line of Credit of US$ 65 million extended for setting up an Electricity Transmission and

Distribution Project in Ethiopia.

� In contrast to this the official FDI figure of India to Ethiopia for the period 2002-2010 averages less than US$ 1 million (the 2008/09

figure being US$1.5 million).The latest India’s FDI stock being 6 mln by 2012 (UNCTAD 2016)

� This trend is recently (2012) being followed by Turkish in Ethiopia (in rail, about US$1.7billion, as we noted above)

� Compare this to FDI of around 1 mln in2012 (UNCTAD 2016) and 36 mln Stock here in 2012) and Brazilian (in mining and rail) TNCs

which are using a similar Chinese/Indian approach of using their Exim bank financing for investment engagement in Africa.

{8} �_'��/��� !���* +�� ��,�����

Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013)

No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 9 Germany/Ethiopia 5 100,693 Partial List of Large-Scale Land Transfers in Ethiopia Investor Land Size

(Hectares) Crops Location

Flora EcoPower German 13,000 Biofuel crops Oromia (E.Harage) PetroPalm German 50,000 Biofuel Oromia (Rayitu, Bale) Total German 63,000 Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports. Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more http://www.landgovernance.org/system/files/Ethiopia_Rahmato_FSS_0.pdf.

Merkel voiced support for dialogue in the country and sympathy for the demands of the protesters. She relayed concerns from

German companies about Ethiopia's business climate. Germany is one of the largest consumers of Ethiopia's products, such as

textiles and coffee, buying 30 percent of coffee exports, according to Germany's foreign office.

Page 3: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

{9} �a%'b�)(Z.)/��� !���* +�� ��,�����

Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013) No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 10 Netherlands/Ethiopia 4 40,944 �Z. L�A/H Fa4� ��-'cd>�e7' fY g/�� (Harar) ���Y� ��� ! �e7' 4-� �e7' fY g/�� �103,407 �' ���' L� b -BJL^^ �:'� %�� �19849p� �.�=bqr! ��/<G ����� �-BJL �%�s �fY g/�� J�'^^ �20119p� �(DA�/�(�u� %�� ������ >&� )'\v. -Vww� p_�x �e7' fY g/�� �Z. L�A/H Fa4� ��-'cd>�1.3 f<�� /' d!* -%;D7^^ (In 2011, the state-owned Harar Brewery became a subsidiary of Heineken International through a buyout costing $78 million USD.) �&�7� ��@ 4200 9�4 250 d( FGv <�' ���� !�'�>^^ �5I� 20,000 6'@� fY �&�7� ��� ���^^ �e7' �fY g/�� IJv. e7' fY� Ar� ���� e7' {M 4�Xw|� �M� ���� 50 �<�� /' �-wY �'0 !B} �J�7 g/�� J�'^^

�Z. L�A/H Fa4� ��-'cd>��:~ fY g/�� (Bedele) g/��� 4�����L 4-& 483 rW �' '+� b �:�/ ��Y� ��� ! ��L�'��:�/ /F' /F75�. (=�. G>bs ����� ��:~ 4-& ��B} ������ �/7� J�'^^�+)�� �.�=b�! ��/<G ����� �-�Y� ��:~ fY g/��� �250,000 ��ü�' �' �� ���L� �Y �19889p� �:'� %�� -_��� �1993 9p� -6V �'� &�7� _�7^^ ���� �g/��� �&�7� ��@ 4250 d( FGv <�' fY )Y0� !�'� J�'^^ �(DA�/�(�u� %�� �1998 9p� �:~ fY g/�� �����s �' ���a ���� �163.86 �<�� /' �-4?� /' 163,859 �:�c �' 9!�Z�E �' ;� 1,000 /' �Gx�� @� �@� ������ �/� �J^^ �:~ fY g/��� 100 �<�� /' �'0 ���� !B} �J�7 g/�� J�'^^ �20119p� ������ >&� )'\v. -Vww� p_�x �:~ fY g/���� �Z. L�#� Fa4� ��-'d> (Heineken International) �1.4 f<�� /' d!* -%;D7^^ �&�7� ��@ 4300 9�4 330 d( �< <�' �+� !�'�>^^ (capacity to produce 300,000 330-milliliter (0.7-pint) bottles of beer per

day) �20159p� Fa4� �110 �<�� �� ������L 4-& ���[ G0� 4-& [<�� ��Lf ��� �fY g/�� ���'V>^^ �&�7� ��@ 41.5 �<�� FGv <�' fY��5I� 84 d( 6'@� fY 300 �)Y0� x<�:' !�'�>^^�L�� ��6�b 310 �<�� �� ��,�� �)'�>^^g/��� �280 5�. ��Y 9)> ?��>^^ �fY g/�� �-�&� ;>! �a4� ��L> �� ���D� fY�. !�'�>^^ �Z. L�A/H Fa4� ��-'cd>���6�b �:~ e7' fY� ea4� �163 �<�� �b' B=v>^^ ��b�E Lq�! �L�!�e�3 fY g/�� 4��� ��L 4-& 120 rW �' '+� b ���B]� :/7/'A� 4-& Bc>^^ e�3 fY �Gx�� &��' ��b�E Lq�! �L�! 40-c ��Gx�� L�)'3 J�(39 ��v )'3 D: 60 4�� 71 ��v )'3�� 4f-' <�5� �L�! �' ��37G �Gx�� ��� ��)�>) ��+)� 17 �<�� �b' �Gx�� B=v> J�'^^g/��� �&�7� ��@ 4300 9�4 500 d( FGv <�' J�^^���L�� D* 1.4 f<�� /' J�^^ 4��� ! ��) L�G 377 �<�� /' /)' -?����>^^ ��!=! 18 +� 2007 I/� �-�F:� �L��Gx��. 9c )�B-c 6�bb �Lp ��L�!� ���> D: 5L� �v A�� �<�� /' 9J�)� �&)7� ��� �v d( ��� �Gx��. 9��D� -D��>^^ 9�( b 9J�( g/���. ��� 4����� D: �� %'0 ������ >&� )'\v. -Vww� p_�x -%;D� ��> ��� �!�� �-�� �6� ���� !s!� L�A/v. f!= �7� J�'^^ ��� 9��D� �I�� L�G �I�� I+0 �B�%/ -V�  Y¡��d� �)'� -¢£� ¤ ��Z¥ �B�. b 4L) f��� �� ��Z��¦ g/���. ���� 4100 �<�� 9�4 50 �<�� /' ��Y0 9�:J�� 4�H ��>4� �b>^^ �~b ��> ���H� fY g/���. 9�X�� �Z�� �fY g/���. �B�L� �� ��>? ���~ �2014/15 9p� e�3 (1.4 f) Y!(1.5f) fY g/���. -B�/-;>� ���H g/���. ���L� D* 2.9 f<�� /' &�w� �� Lb>^^ ���� ! ��) L�G �9J�( ��� g/���. �e�3 377 �<�� /' �Y! 910 �<�� /' �6�bb� 1,287,000,000 (1 f<��

Page 4: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

287 �<�� /') &�:' �� Lb>^^ (DA�/�(�u� ����� p_�x� D:�� %'0 ��!%;�Y|� g/���. ��;¨ �-:JBB� ��7� J��? ��YM !>�© )'\v.� ��)�! D:�� %'0 4&%;D' >�� ���� 4100 �<�� 9�4 50 �<�� /' ��Y0 ��©�� g/���. ��* AB' L�A/v. �X� ��� �-J� 9�:�J ª&��H f6�� �g/���¦ �Y-«. A�L|�� f5��� ��c �>�� �� J�'^^

%f:' fY g/�� 4��� ��L 4-& 150 rW �' '+� b ���B]� D>[¬ �/2 ��Lf ��B�L� b Bc>^^ %f:' fY �Gx� &(�' �AB' ��� ��* L�A/v. ��Y �//' �-VV� J�^^��� ��J�L� b ��B]� ��Gx�� �L�!J� �-VV� x�� 65 ��v�� �L�­�J� )'3 �­>_@ �a/Y �L�! ��X� g/��� ���J� �)'�>^^

{10} �H'G���* +�� ��,�����

Creating new industries by integrating supply chains Cotton production is not new to Ethiopia but this year will see the emergence of the country’s first organic cotton farms, to supply the textile industry with the raw material it needs to satisfy European demand. By sourcing its main input locally, AYCOOM Agricultural Development Plc - a joint venture between Ayka Addis Textile & Investment Group and Omo Valley Agricultural Development Plc - will stem Ayka’s increasing need for foreign exchange to source organic cotton abroad. In 2013 alone, Ayka spent more than US$3.5 million on imported organic cotton. The new venture is expected to require an investment of about US$40 million and will use state-owned land leased for a nominal fee. Turkish firm Ayka relocated to Ethiopia in 2010 with an investment of US$140 million. Its expansion plans go well beyond the new joint venture and are intended to nearly triple its export earnings from US$56 million (just over half of all Ethiopian textile exports) in 2012/13. Ayka currently has five plants in the outskirts of Addis, and is building a new facility that will create 13,000 jobs. At present, the company has a permanent workforce of 7,500 - a significant share of the 40,000 workers employed in the entire Ethiopian textile industry. Other Turkish textile manufacturers are expected to follow in Ayka’s footprints, while a number of South Korean textile companies are planning to set up operations in Boli Lemi industrial zone, which is under construction. Source: Deloitte, Ethiopia Agrowth miracle, Za_ethiopia_growth_miracle_july2014 Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013)

No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 1 Turkey 34 1,513,503 Turkish Investment in Ethiopia

� Turkish is currently one of the most significant foreign investors in Ethiopia

� According to News sources (ENA), by 2014, the stock of Turkish Investment in the country exceeds $ 3 bln, with 341 firms? (Compare

this to FDI of around 1 mln in2012 (UNCTAD 2016) and 36 mln Stock here in 2012)

� Over 50,000 jobs , cumulative, have been created by this (2014)

� $1.7bn for the Awash Woldia/Hara Gebeya railway project with Yapi Merkezi, a company based in Turkey. [Gov’t of Ethiopia

financing]

�H'G p>x �'� �'� g/��� �2000I/� �140 �<�� �b' ��,����� ���L� DÖ��200 d( �2 �' �� b ��Z& 4-& -BJL^^ 4�( B�%/ ���� 470 ��v 4��� ! >&� L�G �-B] /)' x��� �-�&� g/��� 30 �<�� /' �b �<= ×Z 9�Z��� �D�>^^ g/��� �'v¦� D: � �����!��G2� 9���� D: �� ��Y� �B�. �bG \� J�'^^ 4�( �-�&�� g/��� �Ø� Ù� �30 d( FG�' �2� b ��� 9'3 ��_�' ��� J�7�^^ g/��� �-VV� 5L-c ��H ���47� 2008 I/� �Y �&V@ 41000 �b �Y-«¦� ��-© -5�v>^^ ��(� �G�!H 4�� ! p~��G �> �B>�W� �=0 Ú�/ L��G?� �� ��V7� �G�!� ��> �&��> �7Û ���'-' ��w -%��>^^ �H'G �B� �&� �'� �'� g/�����-c� g/�� x������� ! ��) L�G �60 �<�� /' eY\ &��D[! �)�� 9�:Dw�� -%��>^^

�H'G �� ��� �'� �'� g/���Ü�-c� g/�� ����� ! ��'� �'� ��Ö ��) ��� 460 4�v �b )'3 !�� g/��� .�' ��� 9�Z� �/Ý d( ��V6� �Y-«.� 4�Y

Page 5: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

�L7Y|� /W� g/��� <%� 9�:�.> �(=/ -D��. �G' ­� ��'� ��7� ���'-' ��47� 8 +� 2009 I/� -%��>^^

­�� ��  �-L�� �H'G �Ý0 �L�!� ���) f<�� �b' ���> �w ��� ��ü'  �_G�� �75 ��v)'3 ���5) )')' �_��� ��'-' ��w ���� 27 +� 2008I/� ����V>^^ �w ��� ��ü'  �_G� ��&Y G>> ��s Ù� Ûs D7Z Bc>^^ �AB�H �/�c�� ���ü' g/���. ��L� 9��!4�� !���Z. �7� �-56� �/7�/7� ��ÞJ��� �'�2d� ( ßG) 477 f<�� /' %7g ��b 4-5�� ��' ���ü'  �_Gv. ��� 5LH� -J�V>^^ ��� ��B'�� ��! ßG !���Z. -6![J� B�%�� �=7à 9��D+ �(=/ B�%/ �(� �&���� ����� ��� ��&�H J�^^ �AB�H ������s �>&� �'�2d� �� ��BJ� ��' ���ü' g/���. ×w g�� ��* L��/v. ��|/|� 9�) D!á ��Ö ���� 9�7� �b�6�� 9�:�J L�@!�. B���^^

{11} �9�Yp>���* +�� ��,�����

Ethiopia leverages its natural resource advantage by creating fertiliser industry Ethiopia has the third largest potassium deposit in the world. A recent deal signed with Israeli Chemicals Limited (ICL) Africa will see the development of Ethiopian Allana Potash’s Danakhil deposit, expected to produce one million tonnes of potash per year. This will help to introduce the new fertiliser to farmers in Ethiopia, boosting yields, and introducing a new product for export. The Allana-ICL partnership has already invested US$25 million of a planned US$642 million total investment. Source: Deloitte, Ethiopia Agrowth miracle, Za_ethiopia_growth_miracle_july2014

Partial List of Large-Scale Land Transfers in Ethiopia Investor Land Size

(Hectares) Crops Location

Global Energy Israel 10,000 Biofuel crops SNNP (Wollaita) Tomaisin Israel 10,000 Food crops Oromia Yehudi Hayun Israel 10,000 Biofuel Oromia Total 30,000 Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports. Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more http://www.landgovernance.org/system/files/Ethiopia_Rahmato_FSS_0.pdf.

Partial List of Large-Scale Land Transfers in Ethiopia Investor Land Size

(Hectares) Crops Location

Al Habesh Pakistan 28,000 Sugar estate Wollega,Oro Djibouti Gov’t Djibouti 3,000 Food crops Bale,Oromia IDC Invest Danish 15,000 Biofuel crops Assossa, BS Total Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports. Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more

{12} ���= �0�����* +�� ��,�����

Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013) No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 7 South Africa /Ethiopia 2 112,494

Page 6: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

��� �aY> �A Ambo Mineral water (www.AmboWater.com)

��� �aY> �A g/�� D� ���� #�> ���� 4-& 45�+~ ��* �?�+��-?��s �>x���&�a=�����x���L�'�á� �!% �&×)� �A x���4�����L 130 r/ '+� b ��� ��B} g/�� J�^^ ��� �aY> �A ���� ! -DZ\ �6� J�^^ �+›�.� %�J ����� �1930 9�� _�� -DZ\ �&×)� �A x�� �AB�H �&×)� �A B�! 85 ��v Vw6Y>^^ g/��� �:'� %�� �1974 9p� �D�:Ys� ����� -D75^^ �2008 9p� (DA�/�(�u� ������ �4M> D:�� %'0 �%;D7�^^ �2010 9p� ������ >&� )'\v. -Vww� p_�x ��v ß)�� �XM ���Y|� �:�/ �0�� �6� ���a �/��'( South African brewery company, SABMiller) -X6^^ �/��' ��= ã�� �,W ��� ��v ß)�� �XM �-VV� �Y ��r!\J� ���Y )'\� 4��� ! ������ �' ���� ��Y 9d@' ��L' ‹���� �aY> �A �bMJH �-D5J ��> ���a› ��> �! -��7-^^ ��(� ��7� ��' ���a� 3,607,000 �Gx�� x�7� �6�b ��Gx�© ;� 300,607,000 /' ���E �Gx�� ;� (83.34)/' �>^^ ���� �aY> �A g/�� ��� �&�7� ����./G0W. x��� �6�b �&�7� ��@� 14,000 6'@� �5I� J�^^��å�¦ ��� �&�7� ����. �)5� ��� ���' �4���� ��æ �&�7� ���' /��� 24,000 6'@� �5I� �&�7� ��� ���^^ �g/��� ���æ ���' ��L� 21 �<�� �p� �b' ?\v>^^ ‹���� �aY> �A �bMJH �-D5J ��> ���a› �'H� � �������Y<!�¨������ ��� �7f! !4g0b>^^ �� �b ��b� �6� g/�� Coca-Cola Soft Drinks Company/ ��� �0�� ��<��(East African Bottling (EAB) ��� �b ��b� �6� g/�� �1959 9�� ��� ! ��<�� �' ���a ��_��!� ���� ��L +�W� �)2Z; ��� -BJL^^ �1975 9p� �AB�H �/�� x?JZ g/��� �D�:Ys� ����� -D75^^ �1996 9p� ������ >&� )'\v. -Vww� p_�x ���� ! ��,�-�. ��' �>:�. -X6^^ �1999 9p� �9d@' ��L' ���J� ���� ! ��' �>:�. ����b �:�/ �0�� ��6� ���a (The South African Beverage Company (SABCO)�9.1 +�W 4.2 �<�� �b'(49%) D: (61.3%) ��Gx�� )'3 40 �&)7� �9d@' ��L' �/7�J� -%;D7^^ ���© �� ��� �0�� ��<�� �' ���a 82 ��v��>� ��Gx�� )'3 ���^ �0�� ��<�� �' ���a���b� �6�.(�� �b�� Y��g��� �aY> �A (G���>)|�^^ ��E g/�� ������L xBç ��-c� g/�� )2 Z; 4-& Bc>^^ �5/15/959p� g/���¦ D:�� %'0 ��� �0��� ��<�� �64,030,000 /' (64�<�� 30d( /') -%;D7^^ g/��� ��+��� ���� ���� �J:?� ��YßÞ� ��'� ��'�H� ����' �B�! )'3�� �&�g� 250 �<�� �b' -|&� ��,����� 9�:�!:'� ����V>^^ ���� �0�� ��<�� �' ���a �g/���� Ü�-c ��� ��'� ���' �7.5 �<�� �b' ���L� D* ��%'�� ��'H� ��'�� �36 d( ��6� 6'@{. �5I� �&�7� .�;> �-��� �)2Z;� ��B�L� -D��>^^ ��� ! ��� g/��� ��&d �×- ��� !�V67 x�� 15 �<�� è��.� ���E è�� ��� 24 6'@{. 9�:�!�'� ��V>^^

{13} ��� �'f!���* +�� ��,�����

��� �'f!���* +�� ��,����� �;J� !6J6J� ��/'� %'0 ���� b x�� A�� ��v �Ö ��) 05� ���� �7/! Bf !�Bc>^^ ���� �7/! ���a�. �AB' ��� ��� �'� 0é�|�� ��!��� 4��� ! J�^^ d( �A�) �ê� �b�@� (�c 5� � �) ���� ��' �L�! ���­b G>>������ �� ¨' D7Z�. 139,000 FG�' �2� b �= {! �'v. ��'v D: ��� �7f! ��bG 'A/-c DB.�� �� -�>�. �)'�>^^(Saudi Star Saudi Arabia 139,000 Rice,soya Abobo,Goge,Jore woredas) �c 5� � � ���� �7f! HÛ�. ��ë' +� !Dw;>^^ �c 5� � � �AB�H� �D'� &×)�. ���=�' �4�7 :bb -bbr ���© 6�V �6�� �!3�^^ �AB�H ��wá �/� 6�/� ���� �'f!���* +�� ��,����� ���< �(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� ����� 9)B� dg� ����� 9)B� r�Y ���GY��d� *�Bg ���) ���<� &�4-� -���� J�'^^

There are also significant investments coming from African countries such as Sudan, Nigeria, Egypt, South Africa and Somalia. Worldwide basis,

developed countries are the major source of inflows; however, one can note that the majority of FDI inflows to Ethiopia are from developing

countries such as china, India and Saudi Arabia (Saudi Arabia’s investment is dominated by a single company by the name MIDROC-group,

whose owner is of both nationals; Ethiopian and Saudi Arabia). This trend might indicate that Ethiopia could not provide an attractive business

environment for FDI originated from developed economies. Few economists argued that this failure of Ethiopian government is the

Page 7: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

consequence of its policy choice i.e. the government paid more attention to economic development at the expense of political development

and democratization in which the developed world are not lured to this processes.( Source:- Ethiopian Investment Guide 2015)

���� ! �)' 106 ���� �7/! L�A/v. Bc�^^ 42012 9�4 2013 9p� ���) ��� �� ��� /� ���� �7/! ���� ! L�A/v. 11  �_Gv.� �318,189 �<�� �b' ���> �Y _�7;>^^9���� ���� �7/! L�A/v. 19  �_Gv. �107,669 �<�� �b' ���> DÖ ��L� �4�J;>^^

It appears that Saudi Arabia receives 50 percent of the total export flows. As Saudi Arabia is the main investor over the whole period (table 4) one can concluded that Saudi Arabia meet their domestic demand partly through the meat production in Ethiopia undertaken by Saudi Arabian companies. From this it can be assumed that Saudi Arabia tries to secure their domestic food demand by investing in foreign economies.

-.� ��7/ �BY� L�A/v. 1 4��� �7f! 106

Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013)

No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 3 Saudi Arabia / Ethiopia 11 318,189 8 Saudi Arabia 19 107,669 ��ß> �� ��ß> L�­� ���/

:7Û ��,�-'

AB' �Y

�_�7�� I.� 9p�

��>��./ G0> /��

��,����� D*

(�<�� /')

��,����� D*(�<�� �p� ��')

XY-� ���

d( �A�) �ê� �b�@�

5 �î� �7f! 1998 293 200 ,000,000

Mining

Ethiopia offers excellent opportunities for mineral prospecting and development. Geological studies have identified a favorable geological

environment hosting a wide variety of mineral resources. According to the Ministry of Mines, Ethiopia has a substantial deposit of gold,

tantalum, platinum, nickel, potash and soda ash. Among construction and industrial minerals are marble, granite, limestone, clay, gypsum,

gemstone, iron ore, coal, copper, silica, diatomite, etc. Geothermal energy resource also exists in good quantity. With regard to fossil energy

resources, there are significant op- portunities for oil and natural gas explo- ration and development in the major sed- imentary basins, namely

the Ogden, the Gambella, the Blue Nile and the Southern Rift Valley.

Steps are being taken to improve the situation, including the creation of an environment conducive to private, local and foreign investment.

While there is no restriction on private investors in developing any type of mineral resource, the greatest potential is in gold and rare metals,

petroleum, precious and base metals, industrial minerals and dimension stones (marble and granite). Prospecting, exploration and mining

licenses have been issued to foreign mining companies with an aggregate capital of ETB 11.7 billion in 2008/09. Of the total capital, Birr 509.6

million was injected into the petroleum project alone. In 2012/13, the proceed from the export of gold alone was US$ 430.6 million.

The Ministry of Mines is responsible for the processing of license application, regulation of the mineral operations and the promotion of

investment opportunities in the mining sector. The Mineral Operations Department is the focal point in the Ministry for the receipt of mining

license application of a foreign investor. (Source:- Ethiopian Investment Guide 2015)

{14} ���) �7/ ��2����* +�� ��,�����

-.� ��7/ �BY� L�A/v. 1 4-L��� �7/ ��2� 33

�EL���* +�� ��,����� �EL L� A/v. ��� ! ��� �-�� ��� 9�5�� �� �'� %'0� ��� &�7� g/���.� ��G?� �+�� �;9�-J;!|�� ��>@���� ��/' ~W. %'ï. b �&05� 9���� �-�!� ���) �Y�. ���-0 b Bc�^^ ���© D�� ���� ! EL I��s �����d ��) >��� �6� 400 �<�� �� ��� ��' �b �)7æ� ���� ! FY>) ��w �ØGv�' 7 +� 2016 9p� �7Û�. %��>^^

Page 8: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

�>/;'� ��,����� ��  �L�!��EL L�A/v. �L�! x��� ���� ��L 4-& �['V� G0� 4-&� ��+> �:LL ��Lf ��Bç�� ��� �ßW. 4�YM �ß> ��� ! �bMJH �-D5J �> �L�! �25 �<�� �b' ���H -%��>^^ 9J�( ��� �ßW. � 10232 �2 ��' �� b !7à x�� �ßW¦ ��L� �2009I/� 9�:�6+� A!� 2_�x �L�! B>£>^^ �>/;'� ��,����� �� � �+Z&s �� �bê %�J ����� �1961 �/� �-BJL�� L� ���� �4/ Ú>-� �ß> �62 d( �2 �' �� b !7?�� ��� ! (=/ �/7� ��J�� �ß> ����� 4D!á ����� �' ��:Y:' b Bc>^^ �EL D'>) �Ø��! G>> ���L�' Ù� ��� 5000 FG�' �2� �3 �'� �&�7� b Bc�^^ (Dubai World Dubai 5,000 Tea IIlubabor,Oromia)

{15} ��/¢���* +�� ��,�����

Table A1. Partial List of Large-Scale Land Transfers in Ethiopia Investor Land Size

(Hectares) Crops Location

N.Bank Egypt Egypt 20,000 Food crops Afar Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports. Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more

{16} �æZ����* +�� ��,�����

Sources of FDI (July 9, 2012 – July 5, 2013) No Country of Origin No of Projects Capital in '000' USD 5 Sudan 97 125,008 �æZ� L�A/v. ���� ! ��� 97 �-b!� ���,�����  �_Gv. b ��5&Y� 125 �<�� �b' �b ��,����� DÖ �)'B;>^^

���L ��Y. ��,�-�. ���� !

Effective partnerships led to the birth of rose farming in Ethiopia, along with its twin - a functional cold chain The Ethiopian flower industry simply did not exist until 2005. Today, Ethiopia is the world’s second largest supplier of roses, which make up the lion’s share of cut flower production - as well as 13% of exports, worth over US$500 million in 2012, and still growing fast. The sector employs 85,000 workers (mainly women) on more than 100 farms.

The story of Ethiopia’s roses illustrates how effective partnership between donors, the private sector and government can be. The Ethiopian government provided generous incentives to attract investors, made state-owned land available at affordable prices close to Bole International Airport, and initiated discussions between producers and Ethiopian Airlines, who leases cargo planes to the industry. The Dutch government provided private sector investment grants to partnerships between Dutch companies and Ethiopian producers, who had also formed the Ethiopia Horticultural Producers and Exporters Association (EHPEA) to promote the sector. The birth of Ethiopian rose farming has also served to generate a functional cold chain. Source: Deloitte, Ethiopia Agrowth miracle, Za_ethiopia_growth_miracle_july2014

��L ��Y. ��,�-�. ���� ! ����� ‹‹��/' �' ��E���!b�d� ��Yß\›› ���:0 ���L ��Y. ��,,�-�. &�7�� ����� I�� ��G� 9ï�C×� x!�B� ����G +7� ���G?> ���C��L ��>� �� ��?6' r�Y ���6�� �* �� 5�. ��* ���� )�& &�]�C �2� �+b� �<= 9��!Bç 0�) �L�G �/)' �B>�W� &�]� ���5�� ��� ��}-� J�'^^����� ���L ��Y. ��,�-�. !+7�� �� ���� ��L G>> Dw /W ��Bç �B�2 �9(> 9'3�.� �&�J�� J�'^^��L 9'3 ��Y. 4��� b� &70! �b|� ��d rW �' '+� b 4�Bç 4-�. &��� �:/7%� �L� ���.� (��)� ¬0 ��Y. B�2�. -J+�)C=; �)�� ��C 5��/���B ��' ���.� V� Ü�� ���.C 5�Zg/æ�>� ���� ���. C��� /��� I�� A! ���. C�B3 ���� ���. ~W. ���� ���L ���. �<= -X�^^

Page 9: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

2012 9p� ���� ! ��,����� �7Û ��7� 41998 9�4 2009 9p� ���L >&� 9)B� �¬�& 9�:�J 4�0�� ��* ��) ��� ! ��-c ��L br AB' ���� !��>^^ ��� I�� ���L ��:��� >&� �1,200 FG�' �2� b 480 ���L ��,�-�. �%'à 9�:-5&� �a%'b�)��(�) �9�Yp> �AB' ��� ��,�-�. !���>^^ ��� ! ��* ��) ���L �'vö� D: L(' &� ABY�� a%'b�)� ?7��� _'��� w>!�� �Z� �'ã��s)��9���=� ��4�c� ��Y� ~W. ����� (/7� ABY� �>��.^^ ���L ��Y. ��,����� �÷v. ���� ! 37 ��v �2� ���L �X?©�25 ��v �* ��) )'3 dg� 4�6�b 4�* ��) )'3 �!Ý���Y 9)> 15,200 9�4 25,000 V� �Y-«. ��� 8 ,800 ��!s 5Y-«. 9)> ��6H 460 9�4 70 ��v �êv. ��Y 9)> �06� 9���� �10,000 �Y-«. ���� ��� �/L� ¥�s �Y �06� ����'J� 6+��^^ ���L ��Y. ��,�-�. �@!� !b|� G(W� �� ���© /Ý�¦ L��/v. ���L �� �� ��!= !:7�� d 9�Þ 9�+H .W� �~b|� ���©�/Ý�¦ ��,�-�. 4L�G -�)7� ���L 9'3|�� �rèY �� ���_� 4��L >&H �Y 9�:D� �D�>^^ ���L >&� �-5&� �Y-«. :�= �+� �p� 0.78 9�4 ��) �b' 67 ���� �+� 9�-4?b|�� �¬�J� �)(|� dg� �56� /Ý�¦ 5Y-«. �#7 �7��#7 -L ÷��W. &Z��! :(�J�|� �6�� �d-c �J;>^^ Workers are unskilled. They earn US$0.78–1.67 per day. In the case of the Sher-Ethiopia project, the producers fixed the minimum wage at $1.1 per day. Nevertheless, the workers are not yet unionised to protect their own rights. �L(' &� ��. a%'b�)�(�) 9�Yp> L�­�J� �' !�� ���L ��Y. ��,�-�. �ßG�W\ d��' ���L >&� !�-b�à� )'3 �� ��� �J�( ��,�-�. �-�!� �G�!v. fD� �AB' ��� ��,�-�. -G-� �9�+� �@! G(W� 9���� �I�� I+0 ��) ���-0 ���� /��� ��~b|� 9J�( �%'0 -�Z�v. |�^^ The rose industry has undergone successful development over the period 1998- 2009. Ethiopia is now the second largest flower exprting country in African. It is also an ideal location for highland and low land world class flowwers. The flower industry is one of the fastest growing sub sectors in the country.Currently, a total of about 1,200 hectares of land in Ethiopia is covered by more than 80 flower growers who came from Netherlands, India and Israel including local investors. Ethiopia exports its cut flower to Netherlands, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Uk, Middle East, and other EU countries. (Ethiopia Investment Guide 2012) ��6�b �ßG�W\ d��' �>6 G(W� �(/7-5�C4�Þ ÷��> �:(�J� �6�+� &�-&' ���5��� ���L >&� �-5&� ��,�-�. ��'A �/� �ê b �-�Z} f50'� ��Z.� JB' �>-5Y�^^ ��(� �G�!� 4��@ �ZH ��=� Bc>^^ ‹‹ �2�� ��B/ &�>ú� �Yæ �>� ���,����� �/� J�^^ ��� ��2� b ��,�� �&)7� �<= �D5E� �� 9�� ��2H� �?' ��� !��¢��>? D� ��2H� �?' �LH� 5LH� ��� �)'B� ‹‹ :7� ��;Y ›› !���� ��� ?›› b� ���L� ��> ��} -��û.^^ ��� ! �-�!� G>W. 42000 9�4 2008 9p� ��Ö +�-c ��,����� 05� 4��678 9�:��-;��� ����� (/7� �B�.� 42000 9�4 2008 9p� !:7�� ���,����� 05� 352 �<�� �b' x�� 4�(� ��� ��/'� %'0 �-�� ���L ��G>v. (flori/horticulture ) �Ø��! G>> ��� 89.70% ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ 9���� ��� �'� (Meat production) 651 �<�� �b' ��� ��&Y G>> (52.10%) 9���� �Ø��! G>> (46.00%) ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ �-�&�� Lü M�> (Biofuel) 520 �<�� �b' x�� 4�(� ��� ��&Y (34.10%)� �-�!� G>W. (30.50%)� �Ø��! (19.30%)� �:�/ G>W. (15.80%) ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ ��6�b ����� (/7� AB�. 1f<�� 523 �<�� �b' ���,����� 05� ��� ! �)' �)'B;>^^ �(�) ��,�-�. � 42000 9�4 2008 9p� !:7�� ���,����� 05� 222 �<�� �b' ��/'� %'0 �-�� ���L ��G>v. (flori/horticulture ) �Ø��! G>> ��� 59.47% 9���� �:�/ G>> 36.78% ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ 9���� ���ü' �'� 2153 �<�� �b' �-�!� G>W. ��� 99.76% ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ ��6�b �(�) ��,�-�. 2f<�� 375 �<�� �b' ���,����� 05� ��� ! �)' �)'B;>^^

Page 10: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

�9�Yp> ��,�-�.� 42000 9�4 2008 9p� !:7�� ���,����� 05� 313 �<�� �b' ��/'� %'0 �-�� ���L ��G>v. (flori/horticulture ) �Ø��! G>> ��� 59.40%���&Y G>> (21.69%) 9���� �-�!� G>W. (16.86%) ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ �-�&�� Lü M�> (Biofuel) 108 �<�� �b' �-�!� G>W. (38.24%)��Ø��! (37.99%)� �:�/ G>W. (23.32%) ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ �-�&�� ��/' ���G>� �'� 65 �<�� �b' �Ø��! G>> 96.26% ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ ��6�b �9�Yp> ��,�-�.�486 �<�� �b' ���,����� 05� ��� ! �)' �)'B;>^^ ���� �7f! ��,�-�. � 42000 9�4 2008 9p� !:7�� ���,����� 05� 44 �<�� �b' ��/'� %'0 �-�� ���L ��G>v. (flori/horticulture ) �Ø��! G>> ��� 92.33% ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ 9���� ��� �'� 113 �<�� �b' �-�!� G>W. (69.18%)� �Ø��! (11.32%)����Y G>> (10.96%) ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ �-�&�� Lü M�> (Biofuel) 32 �<�� �b' �-�!� G>W. (67.59%)� �Ø��! (25.30%)� ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^��6�b ���� �7f! ��,�-�.�189 �<�� �b' ���,����� 05� ��� ! �)' �)'B;>^^ �� �� ��,�-�. � 42000 9�4 2008 9p� !:7�� ���,����� 05� 262 �<�� �b' ��/'� %'0 �-�� ���L ��G>v. (flori/horticulture ) �Ø��! G>> ��� 94.54% ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ 9���� ���/ �'� ( Food production) 127 �<�� �b' �-�!� G>W. (55.37%) 9 ���� ��L 4-& 39.01% ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ �-�&�� Lü M�> (Biofuel) 99 �<�� �b' �-�!� G>W. (81.44%) ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ � �Ø��! (25.30%)� ��v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ 9���� ��� �'� 175 �<�� �b' � �Ø��! (94.08%)���v ��,�� �)'B;>^^ ��6�b �� �� ��,�-�. �663 �<�� �b' ���,����� 05� ��� ! �)' �)'B;>^^

Main Regions of Investment Country of Origin Sector Dollar

$ Region Percentage

of sectoral investment EU Flori/Horticulture $ 352 Mn Oromia 89.70%

Meat production $ 651 Mn Amhara 52.10% Oromia 46.00%

Biofuel $ 520 Mn Amhara 34.10% Multiregional 30.50% Oromia 19.30% SNNPR 15.80%

India Flori/Horticulture $ 222 Mn Oromia 59.47% SNNPR 36.78%

Sugar $ 2153 Mn Multiregional 99.76% Israel Flori/Horticulture $ 313 Mn Oromia 59.40%

Amhara 21.69% Multiregional 16.86%

Biofuel $ 108 Mn Multiregional 38.24% Oromia 37.99% SNNPR 23.32%

Vegetable production $ 65 Mn Oromia 96.26% SaudiArabia Flori/Horticulture $ 44 Mn Oromia 92.33%

Meat production $ 113 Mn Multiregional 69.18% Oromia 11.32% Tigray 10.96%

Biofuel 32 Mn Multiregional 67.59% Oromia 25.30%

USA Flori/Horticulture $ 262 Mn Oromia 94.54% Food production $ 127 Mn Multiregional 55.37%

AddisAbaba 39.01% Biofuel $ 99 Mn Multiregional 81.44% Meat production $ 175 Mn Oromia 94.08%

Source:Federal Invetment Bureau of Ethiopia (2009) Source:- Discussion Papers No. 12 / October 2009 / English Version Foreign Direct Investment in the Agricultural Sector in Ethiopia by Lucie Weissleder ,University of Bon, FDIs_Ethiopia_15_10_09_c_1

��6�b ����� (/7� ABYv. 1f<�� 523 �<�� �b'��(�) L�A/v. 2 f<�� 375 �<�� �b' ��9�Y�> L�#�. 486� ���� �7f! H�. 189��� �� ��,�-�. �663 �<�� �b' �)�� 5 f<�� 236 �<�� �b' ���,����� 05� ��� ! �)' �)'B;>^^ �6�b ���,����� G>bs

Page 11: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

)'3� ����4� :��� �Ø��! G>> 10  �_Gv.���&Y G>> 3  �_Gv.�:�/ G>> 3  �_Gv.���Y G>> 1 �_G��9���� �-�!� G>W. 5  �_Gv. ��,����� -4��>^^

{1} ��LBJ� �'I� (Totalitarian state):�g� � ���. %b[ DZ\ %b[ 6b� ���� b�^^ �� ��� ����� %b[ DZ\ 9�Yp> 9�:�J. %b[ 6bv�|� :�� �0>�¬� (=/ ��7/ �BYv. x�© 9�Yp>� �J� �Iá �w J� � �� ����� �BYv. ��* �Z �<x^^ �19489p� 9�Yp> ������ �V��� �2�|�� �-J6�� �0>�¬� (=/ �B� �2�|� ��-c �� ��©�� I�� ��� J� ���7�^^ � �� ����� �BYv. �:�/ �0��� �Jû. ��'�) ��'�) �'I� �Y&\ �3 Û�2�. 9�:J�� ��G ��G' J�^^ �{&<!���Y���{�!��<f!������ �æZ�� ��0�a���� D%- �� �� ��ý��=� 5�L ��|�� &��;> !�?>�>^^

{2} �L(' &� >&� �//' 9'Z�(ODA^ Official Development Assistance)

I��(9p�) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 �L(' &� >&� �//' 9'Z�/ODA 2,033.5 2,558.4 3,328.7 3,818.8 3,525.2 3,539.4 3,261.3 3,826.3

��� ! 4L(' &� >&� �//' 9'Z�/ODA ��I�H 9'Z� -�¢;. AB' �^^ �20069p� 2,033.5 f<�� D: 2013 9p� 3,826.3 f<�� �p� �b' 40!� �¢;� ��+�> 4�0�� ABY� ;JcJH� ��.^^ 41991 9�4 2012 9p� ��� ! 4L(' &� >&� �//' 9'Z�/ODA 40 f<�� �b' /�B}� �(=�� )(J�� 4�+J� >� B�%� �;�� �Bþ�� ‹‹>&�s �����›› �����s �;�' &:YÛ��)(J� �J� ��� �(Dì� ����� �'���) �'� �>&�  ��Y�. �-���! 4��� �>%���^^ ���¦ �BYv. �ÞØ��Yß\ ��&|� ��! /� �&�� �AB�H ���GYx L(> 9�Z50�� ��/Is �/v. 9�Z4��� ��� %'0 ���� 9�Z!//� -6![J� 9�Z�' �&)7� 4�/' 4g� (=/ �-5�5��� �L(' &� >&� �//' 9'Z� �-B]�� �'L f<�� �b' �AB�H )(J�� ���+Jæ� ���|� �7��6;>^^ Forty billion dollars of official development assistance during 1991-2012 reduced Ethiopian absolute poverty while underwriting more efficient but exclusionary public institutions. This aid-institutions paradox reflects a strong interest-alignment between major donors pursuing geostrategic objectives and poverty reduction, and a ruling-party seeking total institutional capture, fully-owned development programmes, and a developmental state with legitimizing poverty reduction. Disagreement on democratization predictably produced lackluster progress. By prioritizing adequate space for fundamental non-state stakeholders, a coalition of major donors can and must institutionalize accountability by conditioning scaled-up aid at least with respect for human rights and the rule of law. (Berhanu Abegaz*College of William and Mary, VA, USA, email: [email protected] )

{3} ��; �/�b(Capital flight) �(DA�/�(��� %�J �B�= 41991 954 2000 9p� ��; �/�b

813.9 �<�� �p� ��' �-4�4� B�%/ 4AB' ��� D: �* �BY� -���ï>^^

Year 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Capital

Flight

538 -590.5 -327.9 226.0 139.5 26.8 614.9 456.5 -675.6 406.2

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total 1991-2010

Capital

Flight

2518.0 3073.4 1598.4 1400.8 -319.9 104.0 1695.6 -263.8 1875.1 3407.7 15,903.2

Source: Source: Authors’ computation.(Capital Flight from Sub-Saharan African Countries: Updated Estimates,1991-2010) ��6�b 41991 954 2010 9p� �(DA�/�(��� %�J �B�=C �(BD� ��B) 4AB' ��� �Dw ���> ��; �/�b 15,903.2 f<�� �p� ��' 4��ü ! 7A/-c (=/ -5'V D: -�!� L(' &� �BY� -+��>^^ �(DA�/�(��� %�J �B�= 42014 954 2015 9p� ���) I�� ��� /� 10 f<�� �p� ��' ��; �/�b/ �-57+ B�%/ 4AB' ��� D: �* �BY� -%;��>^^

Page 12: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

�&�r! ��v ���g ��5) � �� ����� �BYv. �L(' &� >&� �//' 9'Z�(ODA^ Official Development Assistance) �9'�L� B�%/ 5�-� 4AB�H D: L(' &� ABY� ��; �/�b (����> 0b�) /Ý B�%/ 4)�� ��� ! (=/ ���=�' D: � �� ����� �BYv. L��. �+��� ���^^ {4} �-&7 �5� �> Brain Drain 4�Z¥ ABYv. �&��/�> ��BY|� �Bc �&)7� 9�+�|�� >�Z|�� �w�� �&' �/' 40W !�-&Y|�� :A DB|�� �7E�� ������ �!G@� !>-&7�� �!�-��� ABY|�� �!�@ ��:� (D� ��|�� Bg�^^ ��07� �L�@!�. 0>5� ����� �I�� �B�%/ )'\� ����V>^^ ��?>æ� L�@!�. ��' 9���7 9�:�w Ú:H �7Þ� ¥� ��� 40-c &(�Ys �Z� <!�4�> 9�:�.> �I�� �B�%/ )'\� (�p�p0)!Dw� ��'� !��G�>^^

• �2013 9p� 5L� �<�� �J�7� ��* �B�. ����� 5:-«. L�@!�. ��' �2014 9p� �I�� L�G �+7� ��'� ��7� 4 1980 9�4 2010 )7� 4�BY|� D: -�!� ��* �B�. �-5::� (=/ ��' 30.6 �<�� �)7æ� ��>Gv>^^ (� 4�(��H 6�bb (=/ Ü�� ��v !(�� X0>^^

• 45AY ��. ��Bç %6} ��0�� �7�. /� L�à� �[� I��� �Ar�. 0>5� �G�!� ���� f<�� �b' !(> ��>6 �Dw B�%/ rèY 9�::75L|� �÷a!� ���('� �a��'��G-' 02) &�!��¥ ��7� B>#;>^^�Ar�. 0>5� 40-c rèY 4:75L|� �BYv. ���> ��L' +:�¦ ��� !�÷�!� &bs�_�!� :�/ �0��� ����!� ���Z� ��f! 9�:�© -B>£>^^

{5} ��2� �'�� Land Grab

���Y> ����� �5gM 9'��. 3,589,678 �<�� �G�' �2� ���,�-�. �&4g?> 4G>> ����v. �-� �&Y 420,000 �G�'C�g' 409,678 �G�'C­a3��> �@= 691,984 �G�'C 4��­b 829,199 �G�'C Ø��! 1,057,866 �G�'C9 :�/ G>> 180,625 �G�' ���5) �B6' rY 5/�fJ� ����� �<x �?67� ��2� �'�� :A� B�2 �'/v �:� 4�2H -?�W^^ ��¬H� 15 �<�� (=/ �'A/ ���� -B'ï>^^

Table 1. Investment Land under Federal Land Bank

Regions Land in Hectares

Amhara 420,000 (not yet confirmed)

Afar 409,678

BeniShangul 691,984

Gambella 829,199

Oromia 1,057,866

SNNP 180,625

Total 3,589,678

Source: MOARD 2009c, 2010a; interviews with Oromia land environment bureau http://www.landgovernance.org/system/files/Ethiopia_Rahmato_FSS_0.pdf. 45�678 9�:��-;�� ��2� <= �> �?#@ ��* AB' �AB' ��� ��,�-�. ='='C�D5E� �2� �FG�'C ��!�'H� �'� IJ�(L�M�> (Biofuel) 4�VW�4X��Y �BZ D%- *&[ ��+�� �JZ\J� ��!B��> 9�: ���> �'� IJ� ]�^^) 9 �2H ��B}�� �� �='=' +'L>^^

Page 13: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

Table A1. Partial List of Large-Scale Land Transfers in Ethiopia (except Gambella)

Investor Foreign

Domestic

Land Size

(Hectares)

Crops Location

Al Habesh Pakistan 28,000 Sugar estate Wollega,Oro

Ambassel domestic 10,000 Biofuel crops Metekel,BS

B&D Food USA 18,000 Sugar estate Awi,Amhara

Chadha Agro India 122,000 Sugar, Biofuel Oromia

Djibouti Gov’t Djibouti 3,000 Food crops Bale,Oromia

Dubai World Dubai 5,000 Tea IIlubabor,Oromia

E.Africa Agric Domestic 6,500 Food crops Pawe, BeniShangul

Emami Biotech India 80,000 Biofuel crops Oromia

Finote Selaam domestic 5,000 Sesame Guba, BeniShangul

Flora EcoPower german 13,000 Biofuel crops E.Harage, Oro

Fri El Green Italy 30,000 Biofuel crops Omo Valley,SNNP

Global Energy Israel 10,000 Biofuel crops Wollaita, SNNP

IDC Invest Danish 15,000 Biofuel crops Assossa, BS

Kanan D Hills India 10,000 Tea SNNP

Karuturi India 11,000 Rice, Biofuel Bako, Oromia

P.Morrell USA 10,000 Wheat Bale, Oromia

N.Bank Egypt Egypt 20,000 Food Crops Afar

Omo Sheleko Domestic 5,500 Cotton,palm SNNP

PetroPalm German 50,000 Biofuel Rayitu, Bale,Oro

SHAMPORJI India 50,000 Biofule BeniShangul

Spentex India 25,000 Cotton BeniShangul

Sun Biofuels UK 5,000 Biofule Wollaita,SNNP

Sun Bio(NBC)UK 80,000 Biofule Metekel,B.S

Sunrise Indust India 15,000 Food Oromia

Tomaisin Israel 10,000 Food crops Oromia

Vatic India 20,000 Biofule Borena,Oromia

United Farm Bus Domestic 3,000 Food Crops Bako,Oromia

Yehudi Hayun Israel 10,000 Biofuel Oromia

657,000

Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports.

Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more http://www.landgovernance.org/system/files/Ethiopia_Rahmato_FSS_0.pdf.

���­b G>bs ����� ��2� �'�� Table A2. Large-Scale Land Transfers in Gambella* Investor Foreign/Domestic Land Size

(in Hectares) Major Crops Location

Alehilegn Worku Domestic 2,000 Cotton, sesame Abobo woreda Bazel Domestic 10,000 Cotton, sesame Abobo woreda BHO** Indian 27,000 Rice, sesame Itang woreda Fiker PLC Domestic 2,000 Cotton, sesame Abobo woreda Hussen Abera Domestic 2,000 sesame Abobo woreda Karuturi Indian 300,000 Rice, palm oil Itang & Jikaw woreda Lucky Exports Indian 5,000 Tea Godere woreda Muluken Azene Domestic 2,000 Cotton, sesame Abobo woreda Ruchi Soya** Indian 25,000 Soya,Palm oil Goge woreda Sannati Agro Indian 10,000 Rice,Pulses Dimi woreda Saudi Star Saudi Arabia 139,000 Rice,soya Abobo,Goge,Jore woredas Solomon Kebede Domestc 3,000 Cotton, sesame Abobo woreda Tewodros Abraham Domestc 3,000 sesame Gambella Zuria Yemane G/Mesk Domestc 3,000 Sesame,Maize Gambella Zuria Yetimgeta Mamo Domestc 2,000 Sesame, Maize Itang Woreda 535,000 Source: Gambella Investment Commission, MOARD(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development), local press reports NOTE: *Large-Scale means 2000 hectares or more Lease period: ** = 30 years; all others 50 years. Total large-scale land transferred, 535,000 hectares.

Page 14: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

45�678 9�:���� �9'3 -?�� �/� �a�ß' ���Y> ����� �� ���­b G>bs ����� ��G> 4D5:� 829,199 �G�' �2� ���C�gM 9'3�. �-74� ��2� <= �> �?#@ ��* AB' �AB' ��� ��,�-�. ='='C�50 I��� ���Y� �D5E� �2� 535,000 FG�' �2� �-X6b|� ��,�-�. ='='C ��!�'H� �'� IJ� �2H ��B}�� �� �='=' +'� ��-�b.�>^^ �)�� 657,000+535,000=1,192,000 hectares land transferred to foreign and domestic investers in Ethiopia

��?Y  ��Y� RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM ���� ! ��?Y  ��Y� �2003 9�: ��� ! �Vw6' 4×)B� �Y��ï' d� 9�) �' -_�7^^ 42003 954 2005 9�� ��Y� G>bs ����v. ��� ��� 275,000 �LDY�. 9&DY�. ­-5�.� ��?Y  ��Y� �'A �/' �&�?' ��6�b ��) J�/ ���� �<�� (=/ 4+�� -?�W 9��50' -:'�>^^

• ���­b G>> �12 D7Z�. 94 ��?Y wf!�. • �­a3��>-�@= �18 D7Z�. 252 ��?Y wf!�. • �æ&~ G>> �21 D7Z�. 170 ��?Y wf!�. • ��g' G>> �8 D7Z�. 29 ��?Y wf!�.

���� ! ��?Y  ��Y� �'{ �:�. �'/v �:�. ��0 49'3 �2�|�C4��d �2�|�C4(/7-5� ��Y �/� �/7� !� 0b��|� 4���! +!|� 42003 9�4 2005 ��Z\ ��?Y  ��Y� �-�!� D7Z�. ��?Y wf!�. ��0 507�>^^ ����� �2�|�� ���,�-�. |/.��>^^���� ! FY>) �-'u 25 _�;� 2014 -¢ï>^^ In 2009, over 22 percent of the rural population was dependent on a combination of emergency food aid and safety net programs financed by Western donor countries and international agencies. While the number of people seeking emergence food assistance has decreased since then, nearly eight million rural people continue to be supported by safety net programs.

���� ��L 4-& �2� ��> �� >&� �� �-b�?b|� ��5�. )'\v. ='=' (�2002 �-:7B ��)

1,336,296 �<�� 9�4 57,679 �2 �' ��� �g� �-74� �> �ß�� ��4-�� |�^^ �� �> +� ���� �g� ��. ��'� ��' G/4-& +�~ �!� �/�-/��/& )�' 1,336,296 5�3� ����YGd� �/�-/��/& )�' 262,868 �Y V2 �/�-/��/& 255,046 )- ¥0� �2��� �/�/�-/��/& )�' 20/04/98 162,997 )- 040/97 �� 20/21 ���� ����YGd� )�' 104,100 -//'A� ��Lü �> 9�ß� )�' 100,000 �ê0 -B} )�' 71996 Getty / �'= å� /LTD/ 5-Jul 68,700 )- 019/99 �~ 16 q'á� 20/4/96 67,500 0088/97 �/�/b 1 @�Jd 0�7� )�' 66,763 å�|� D>u �> 9�ß� )�' 57,679

1. 50,000 �2 �' ��� �g� �-74� �> �ß�� ��4-�� |�^^ ê�|� 21 ����YGd��p� p� f f=J� �/�-/��/&��) ����YGd��Þ.p. x�G��4�é ��-'d>��/> �> 9�ß���: ��L �> 9�ß��B/��p> &'V��ý�Y� �/�-/��/&��ßG ����YGd��fa!� �b�� /&'/�/����� G�/ :­W]��� �/�-/��/&�!��&�) �/�-/��/&���' f=J� ��] �/�-/��/&�?��� �> 9�ß��9� :J�> f=J������ �> 9�ß���)�� _áY> �2����< �/�-/��/&�&\�� 6/�/-�Y* � :�J� �/�-/��/&���YGx�G ��� ! �/�-/��/&

2. 49,610-40,000 �2 �' ��� �g� �-74� �> �ß�� ��4-�� |�^^ �Y) �/�-/��/&��'� ����YGd��å� �� ��-'d>� �~ ��� �> 9�ß�� ��L�:' �/�-/��/&� �/' �'>� |�^^

Page 15: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

3. 39,216-30,000 �2 �' ��� �g� �-74� �> �ß�� ��4-�� |�^^ /'A� �(/�/�-/��/&�p� p� f���)�� 6�bb ��) ��� .�� �> 9�ß���ê �2���� �':�Þ A�x�� ��� �0�� �> 9�ß� ��ê �2��� ��ê' �> 9�ß� �-?� '���&� �> 9�ß� �/�Y� #� �> 9�ß� ��e�) 5/:� ��÷' �2��� �/�-/��/&�:.p�ê �� v �2��� �'� �~ ­-5/ �/�-/��/& ����>

�> 9�� ����� ]b�� �> 9�� |�^^

4. 25,000-20,000 �2 �' ��� �g� �-74� �> �ß�� ��4-�� |�^^ a� �] �> 9�ß��5@ -G~ ��� �s� �� ��b �G��� &(�'�5� �> 9�ß��ML ��ÞJ��� �/�-/��/&���� �2������p> ­v. ��Lf &. ���& ��ÞJ�� �&7M! �> 9�ß� �G�)! ��� �> ��ß� ��:.p� ��&� �> 9�ß� �/�-/��/&

5. 19,800-10,000 �2 �' ��� �g� �-74� �> �ß�� ��4-�� |�^^ �ê� xY\ �� 9�ß��v] b�) �> 9�ß� �x� :�� ��> �) �� �> ��ß� ���� s=:� �> �/�-/��/& ��­�� �> 9�ß� �&-L �/�-/��/& ��e�� �/�-/��/& �M<G� �/�-/��/&

��b�> �2��� �/��/��/&�b;Y ��) ��E����D/� '��� �5g���/AH >é¦ ���/ A��0�E �:«¦ �� 9�ß� /�-/��/& �Y�p> �­v. ��L� �/&�5�ê� ��� �> 9�ß� �vM� 3d ���� �/�-/��/&�;) ��ÞJ����02� /'Aá �> 9�ß� ���7� ���Ý �> 9�ß� ��A�) �< �> �ß� ��x �> 9�ß� �/�-/��/& �D/� �>�Jd A� �> 9�ß�

6. 6,940-1,072 �2 �' ��� �g� �-74� �> ��� ��4-�� |�^^

p>!� �L�>r �p>!� �A�) 9 �/YÚ� �A�)�9�G�)' ������� å�|� �_��> ��ß� �&G� 6/�Y -�Y* �&:G �'å� �/�-/��/& � �> 9�ß���Ec 9\���@p> ��&����v 5��� D'��&�!� �/�-/��/& �&�!� �/�-/��/& ���va� �'�!G �����' �> 9�ß��g�� ��-/��/&��v ��Y� ���� ��� �7%J -?Y ��>�� Y× �> 9�ß����Y vb��G<� �> 9�ß� |�^^ ��L ��Y. ��,�-�. ���� ! ����� ‹‹��/' �' ��:���!b�d� ��Yß\›› ���:0 ���L ��Y. ��,�-�. &�7�� ����� I�� ��G� 9ï�C×� x!�B� ����G +7� ���G?> ���C��L ��>� �� ��?6' r�Y ���6�� �* �� 5�. ��* ���� )�& &�]�C �2� �+b� �<= 9�!Bç 0�) �L�G �/)' �B>�W� &�]� ���5�� ��� ��}-� J�'^^����� ���L ��Y. ��,�-�. !+7�� �� ���� ��L G>> Dw /W ��Bç �B�2 �9(> 9'3�.� �&�J��+�W L�� 5�67þ ���� �� ���L ��,�-�. /������L 9'3 ��vc�4��� ��L !b|� '+��4L(' 6�> !b|� 40� ��+��� 4-�. &��� �:/7%� ��)� ¬0 ��Y. B�2�. -J+�C=;C 5��/���BC V�C5�Zg/æ�>�C��� /��� ���C�B3 ~W. ���. �<= -X�^^ TABLE 2 Location of cut flower farms Common Cluster Name Number of farms Percentage of farms Mean distance

from Addis Ababa(Km)

Mean altitude

(meters above sea level)

Debre Zeit 7 10.9 49.6 1,870

Ziway 6 9.4 163.0 1,644

Sebeta /Alemgena 10 15.6 25.9 2,082

Koka 3 4.7 98.0 1,617

Sendafa /Slulta 5 7.8 38.4 2,228

Holeta/Addis Alem 20 31.3 39.3 2,289

Menagesha 5 7.8 32.8 2,570

Others 8 12.5 93.5 1,847

Total 64 100.0 58.9 2,081 Source: Mulu 2008, Table 2

4(=Ls 9�f-}J� D: (=Ls -�)W!!! �AB�H �L(' &� ��,�-�. !:7�� ��* +�-c ��,����� �(=Ls ��> �G�!� 5b� 4~� ��,�-�¦ �Y|�� &4D� ��&.� �B�H� ��� Dw���(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� �Ø�� ��&Y��'{ �:�. �'/v �:�. L:7��

Page 16: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

5b&s �>0 b ��?¢�� �6J5M �����s d/'-}J� �d(�. �b 5�. �-;>� -:/)�;>� 9�'­� ��7;>^^ ��(� �-J� �-�!� g/���.� 9'3�.��r�. ��6�b �/7v. b �(=Ls ��� 5�L ���� .�;>^^ ��Z�) ��,�-�¦� AB' �+� �:;>^^ �D!á ��LBJs ��-Z:' �-J� AB�H ��+��� ��' ��Y���� ���� ��,����� 05H 9�:�+�� Z��c ��,�-�.� ���/ ���� 6�>^^ 49���( bBÝ 9��B� Bc> ~b�� Ø���� �&Y����­b��æ&~���g'����Y� ­a-3��>�:�/ �A7� ��6�b ���� ! (=/ �B6�� �4-&� ��( ��> ��� -��ï �L'J� 5�5�H� �'A/ 6á (DH� ���u� ��~� �(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� �&�DB) ��B> _��>^^ (=Ls� ��¢ D: %�å /F'-}J� d�� �A&�� �*� 9�Z+�' ��?b¥�� ���� �&)7� �D!á 400�( �� �B�= %�� �4-�^^ ��� ! 4/F�. 9�'­� D: D!á L� �)�� �(=�. 9�'­� ���� ! �D(a ­v. �á�  2�Z�� @bH -X� �%�� ��D¤ �I>� ���>Gv �'/ � �Y� +� 2008I/� ���­>� ­- ����� ���� ! (%/ �9��ü� �:7�.� �>9G� �)'B;>^^ �×�H �%�� ��D¤ �I>� �G�!� �&)7� ��'� �') �'� 9��:7�b|� b+7L|� 707 ��uY> �(� �Y��. �'� �:7��  2�Z�H ����+;>^^ -.� �uY> G>W. �-?H �9�7«. /��

1 �uY> 707 2 Ø��! 5,463 3 :�/ 3,300 4 ��Y 924 5 �g' 35 6 ­a-3��> 111 7 e7� 11 )�' 10,551

( ��( 9�Z� ��æ� ��� �&��>4� ���� G>W. � 9833 �(� �Y��. �'� �:7�� ����+;>^^ G>W¦ Ø��!�5,463� :�/ 3,300� ��Y 924� �g' 35� fa-3��4> 111 �)�� 10,540 �(� �Y��. �'� 9�Z:7�b|� �&D� -.b>^^ 4Ø��! G>> 4��Y�� �×Y/� ���� �� �E� D�� Ù�. 980� 4���L�Y Ù� :�� 411� 4Ø��! G>> 5 � X; Ù� 268� 4�Þ Ù� 290 9���� 4L~ Ù� 181 �(� �Y��. ��(7� ��+�|� ��Ù© &7�! ­� �bM�. B>#;>^^ ��g' G>> 4�Bç &7�! ­v. ��E ��x 7æ &7�! ­� �bM 3�� �/YÚ� �A�) xL�� �A7� G>> &7�! ­� ��d� �G�> ��dJ' �v _&> �/YÚ� Lb�^^ �A7� G>> /Ý d( �Ø�� �&Y 9�7c. 9!� 11 9�7«. /� ��+�|� JB !�6�>^^ (��� %�� ��47� � 5 +� 9 3 +� 2009I/��The Ethiopian Herald 13 September 2016) ��&Y����­b æ&~ G>bs ����v. �(� �Y��. �'� ��&)7�|� ��V>^^ ���© �� �-J�� (=Ls 9�f-}J� -�)W 4300d( �b 9�7�. �AB�H ��� �(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� 9�' ­v. ��� 9�-5�� Bc�^^ ���|�ü �� �;\ State of Emergency �Ø��!� ��&Y��æ&~����­b �g' G>W. 4�D_ Vv>^^��� ��b �B�H D�:Ys �B�= �' D)��.^^ �(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� �D�:Ys �?��� ����� ���­b� æ&~ ��&Y G>bs ����v. 4-Vw67 ��b �(� �Y��. �(7� �'� !>-:7Bb|� ��© ��V>^^ 9��!�� ���:' ��Û� �-+w6�� (=Ls 9�f-}J� �-J� /Ý d( Dwv. D: /'X�V 9�' ­� ��5Y|� ��V>^^ J�ê 28 +� 2008 I/� &�Z ���� ��L [<�� &7�! ­� �-J� �9�� �6W ��� 'X 23 5�. � ����� �7Û� 9�7«. �����> �7Û :�� 954 60 9�7c. �b 9�:�H ��� 9&«. B>�^^ �:/7-��' �L(' Z' 9�' ­v.� -�èè �9�� �6W �&�J�� 9�7«. �&��� ���4Y|� -B:� ��> � ��>^^ ��a���. �G' ­� !Dw� :�/ ��' 138/99 ��+� 21 b &7�! ­H ��� �-�� �Y� ��-��� �G�!� 4Jer� &�7Û� �>w� b�� 0') ­� !���> ��> )��å 4�!Ý� L3B'� ‹‹ �Y�� ��H� �­-5� D� �%�E 5w>^^ ��� ��¦� �5G2� ��D�) ­-5/ D� %�) �>-B] ����4-� &%�Û ­� �&�J� 9��+�' :7�>^^ ��+� 6��>^^

• �1997I/� ���\� �'� �è�! 4��Û ­� D�:( ����+A> ��> D�_> -4{ �18 I�� 9�Y� -?'�L|� �J��� ~-> �J2> -�gü �� �=; 9�' ­� �D(a ­H

Page 17: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

�<{. -+��6� �B:b|�� ��!�7Z BZ�¦ 9J&� 9�:�© ��!�7Z �J) �0') +� +'L>^^ :@ :� 4>/ �� �+'�!!!

�(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� �D(a ­v. �á� �-��4- ��b AB�H ��� Ü�� �MuY> 9�' ­v. 120 �G>> ����v. 9�' ­v. Bc�^^9���� /Ý g !>�© 9�' ­v. �AB�H ��� xBç 4J�( ��>��uu���/' X�V���b��'&��/bß��6��\\����� 5�+~ ��' ���. ��� 9�:�Bç �D�>^^ �D(a ­v. �á� �9�7c�. (D� �w� ��¥ /Ý 5�. -g0B� ��5��� ��-c� ��. !>�© ���. |�^^ �(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� �9�7«. �+� ���� /' D� �&d �b' ���/� ��A �¬ ��� DÖ !Dw>^^ /Ý�¦ 9�7«. -�&� ��/ ­-5��|� 9�BÝ !+'�b|;>^^ �9�7«. ¬ ��� �-��4- �MuY> 9�' ­v. ��� ��-&&} (G� �!Bç�C �G>> 9�' ­v. ���� �(G� �B>�W� ���^^ �AB�H ��Bç D(a ­v. ��� 40-c ��A 9�7� ���� �-J� 9�7«. �¢(|�� ��6�� L���b|� /Ý�¦ �¬ .�' 5�!�^^ 9�7«. �J�-c �(G� �B>�W� /� !Bc�^^ �D'A ���� ��<� 9�' ­� ��� ��) �w>!� �� �(G� 9�� �-J� (DH �>ï>^^ ���H �BL:Û b ��6�b ���� 86,000 d( 9�7«. xBç 4�( ��� 2,474 ê� 9�7«. x�©� 546 (v. 49�|� �' ��7� Bc�^^ �Dw� �g-«. ��Z�) �� �� 4-?7:L|� �>&{. �' ���) b �5Y�^^ ��6�b D�) ê� 9�7«. �-�!� ���. ��7� Bc�� ­-5��|�� 6V|;>^^ �~b ��> ­-5��|� �&6V|� �-4�4� �[� 9�7«. Bc�^^ The country has three federal and 120 regional prisons. There also are many unofficial detention centers throughout the country, including in Dedessa, Bir Sheleko, Tolay, Hormat, Blate, Tatek, Jijiga, Holeta, and Senkele. Most are located at military camps. Prison and pretrial detention center conditions remained harsh and in some cases life threatening. Severe overcrowding was common, especially in sleeping quarters. The government provided approximately eight birr ($0.50) per prisoner per day for food, water, and health care. Many prisoners supplemented this with daily food deliveries from family members or by purchasing food from local vendors. Medical care was unreliable in federal prisons and almost nonexistent in regional prisons. Water shortages caused unhygienic conditions, and most prisons lacked appropriate sanitary facilities. Many prisoners had serious health problems in detention but received little treatment. In April an Italian citizen died after receiving allegedly substandard medical treatment in Kality prison. At year's end there were an estimated 86,000 persons in prison, of whom 2,474 were women and 546 were children incarcerated with their mothers. Juveniles were sometimes incarcerated with adults who were awaiting execution. Male and female prisoners generally were separated. Authorities generally permitted visitors. In some cases family visits to prisoners were restricted to a few per year.

�6�b �' �?' &%� wf!( Command Post) �(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ������46�b �' �?' &%� wf! ‹‹11 d( 607 ��. �(� �b �' 9�:�Bç �'E g �:7B (��� %�� �Z' 3 +� 2009I/�) ��B�H �-�!� G>W. �-?67� +�� ���7��� -��?;> -/�� ���|� ¥� �;¨ �&�) ��� �-676� 11d( 607 ��. �(� �b �'� �'{�:�.�-&��. ������ �Y-«. 9�:�Bç ���|� ¥� �;\ �?�ú� �'&� �') g �:7B^^››

46�b �' �?' &%� wf! G>> �-!Ý�� �� D�) ê� 6�bb ��5��� &94b� Ø��! 4M�Má Ý�!�45 � X; 4�9Y/ X; Ù�. 1172 2 1174 ��;d &×4>

4+�� D���4�'x�4�×Y/ �'x�4��Y� X; Ù�. 4193 136 4329 ��b &×4> �9Y/ e7'å���Y� e7'å 4�Þ Ù�. 2957 91 3048 �%; �bå &×4>

:�/ 4å�Ø ��Lf 2104 10 2114 ��b '��� &×4> �&Y 45 � :�/ ��:'�4��Y� �Û��4�s Ù� 441 91 532 �L(' Z' &×4> 4��� ��L 393 17 410 4��� ��L &×4> 6�bb 9�7«. /�� 11260 347 11607

�6�b �' �?' &%� wf! !�J� 11 d( 607 ��.� /� ����' �' &)7�� �� 9�Þ �-�!� �G>W. �(Dì� ��� D�:Ys �B�= �' ���© �� �-J�� (=Ls 9�f-}J� -�)W 4300d( �b 9�7«. �AB�H ��� 9�' ­v. ��� 9�-5�� Bc�^^

Page 18: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

4-�!� &(�Ys )7 B£. 4(=Ls 9�f-}J� D: (=Ls -�)W �-:7� ���! *&[

• “�á%'b�) .�' -%�� �!�� �-%B�� �¥�Ö �9Jæ ���L 9'3 �)�� x:'��� J�” <!:��� ��BL �G�à �5g B7æ Hg ��0� �&� ���>>�

September 29, 2016 | Filed under: News Feature,�×�H ��. | Posted by: Zehabesha < ...�á%'b�) .�' -%�� �!�� �-%B�� �¥�Ö �9Jæ ���L 9'3 �)�� x:'��� J�� 130 ���© �á%'b�) �L�!�. �� �Jæ ��� xJ� ��� ���� ! �Z ���6 ��7� 5�-;> ... �'IH ���� ��B) <�:� �.>� ...> ��6c G�à �5g L�?� �Z ��b�) %-�� b ���� ! �Z �-:7B�� �� �57� �&)7� 4�G���� B7æ Hg �G���� ��0� �&� �' �(/' 2�� 456� �� �6� �-D5: (+��� !Z���)

• 4/X0H �92� 5b&s (=/ 4500 �b 5�. ��0�g ��b �AB�H �-+w6�� (=s ��¢ �-� �Ø��! �-�!� ��� �-�FE (=Ls -����. 460 !bJæ �r�. ��6b|�� �B�� �'� ��! %��;>� ���!s� rW ���ß �/7� �J�7� ���ß x��v g/�� @� �@� �(=Ls ��� ��:@� ��0�� )! á�D'G %��>� ��G �bI@�� � )�G 4L) �r�.� 5b� L�� 9 4Bþ� �'� �' �Gr !b|� �r�. -���;>�

• �AB�H ��6�b 150 g/���. 9'3 ���. ��� :'{L|;> 4J�( ���� 4-�6�� 11 g/���. ��4> �B� �&� HH �'��'�� �L� �� �L� �b�) 9 �v  b��G� ��� �6�bb� 11 g/���. |�� 5�� b �J�7� �H'G �'��'� g/�� 9 �A> &��¤ �L�! ��:@� �-'� 4�0Y� %��>� ���� ��L �(DA� ���) )'\v. �-�� ��� 9�-:7Bb|� ��©� ���>� ���� �J�7� ��� �� 3�� 2 �-L�. � ��� ��/' pG�'� �B:>;�� �-'� �� Dr> %�� J�'�

• ��~ �Y� B'L� �'x� ���� D�Þ� ��� B 9 ~W.� ���. �:7æ �)�v. 40-c x��� ���� D�:�.� �'�� 5�.� ��úg� B)�;>�

• ( � ���� ��Bc /ÝA� 4-5& ��b (DA� ��>G 9 ���-'J� �B>W� 9���7� �)'�>� ���� � D: ~W. 9�Z5Y* ��� �-:7B� ( )'¥�|� �(=/� �w 9!�7�� ��v �)2�.� 9��+@ ���� 9��_�' ��-;�Ø �)'�>�

• �D�Þ ��' 0/�� 4à-c �6W �:75�� x��� ��àH ��G �bI@�� �4/� &)�f! �/7� @� �@� D)�>�

• 1=/ ��Y -J�v �(DA� -bbr�.� 9!�6J++ x�� 9�f !�� b 9'�Û 9�-D5: B>� �+'� D7Z ��) �(DA� -bbr �(=/ -B)�>� ��� �)� 9 ��Þ� �Bþ� �'� �)2�. b 1=/ 9'�Û D��L|;>�

• �)2 Z; �� �= �ßd� �9�� � >� �Þ Ù� !�� ��G �b@�� �D'� &9)� ��b��� 9�� ��:@� &(�Ys )7-B!. %��;>�

• ���� B �����7f! �� ��G �bI@�� �/7� ��J� Zd� L�G -��W>^^ ��'x� ��H 9 �Þ& �-&��. �-+5+5� ��� 9�:+6� J��

• �:�/ D: 3X�á 9 D: �;� ��D�:� ��B) 9�) _�� =� J�� �5 � æ>>�� �BZ�� �~ �>�bC �� 9Y/ ����� ��Y�� 5��� ���B� /�Y--B/2>� ��' ¬� D>{� D: ��× 9 \& ��D�E ��B�. �@� -%�-;>� ��! ��-b�0 -d4'�� fB} �)�� Z D')��>�

• ��� ( 1=Ls ��� 4���' �Ö ���J�� ��� ��L� /� 4/� 9�6�+� ��A� ��� �&?� �Y b -6�">�(DA� ��&Y� 1=/ b �g !D_� �'J� �>-���� Yæ� 4�4b4> �>ï ��Lf�� 4��� J� 9:7B Bc>� �'�� ����� 9�7«. 49�' J� D�-;>� �L('Z' ��,'�� 9���� 9�:-4�� J�� ��{�' (=/ �Zd� fY� *� �J�7 4L) �r 4�B>�W� �Ö �#>� 9���� �\& D(a ­� -��W ����� 9�7«. �@� 9��?H -:'�>�

• Factories and flower farms in Alem Gena town were torched during reported rioting in Ethiopia after more than 50

deaths during a religious festival.

• Immediately after the incident, protesters began blocking roads on the way to Hawassa and Ambo, and battled with the

police. On Monday, protesters burned down no less than five flower farms in the Sebeta area, including Selam and

Highland Flora, and torched factories in the same neighbourhood, not owned by Turkish investors, including SAYGIN

DIMA Textile Factory, Bmet Cables and Kumtek Plc - both PVC and plastic processing companies. SAIGN DIMA reports the

highest degree of damage, with three factory blocks completely burned down and huge property damage in the

remaining office blocks. Personnel have also been physically attacked and hospitalised.

• The two cement plants operating on the outskirts of Addis Abeba had their trucks and trailers burned to ashes; Derba lost

five trucks and the Nigerian investment, Dangote, lost three, according to eyewitnesses.

• A business premises that was torched by protesters. Angry protesters have torched Bishangari Lodge with fire this

morning, on the shores of Lake Langano, 200km south of the capital. The fire is still raging.

� ���,����� b 9���� �:75� �)�� �05H b !�w� -¢×� �� 9�:���> ��'� g 9�:�:7� B>ú;>^^ JB' �� ��_��!� Ý' �Ø��! G>> �Z� 9�::75L|� -7���b|;> �-L�� �5LH� L��/v. ='=' �á� 9J&� 9�:�© 9��B>� ��'-' �!� f!+'/�� ‹‹�¥�� f!�� �6�b �a��� ��á 9�r�D� )7� ����� !�|�Y>C›› �&�� �v å��� �bd 5�-;>^^

� �L��/v. 5w> ��-L�� ��� IJ� �6� x!�7E�� ‹‹�6�b �a��� �+7�� �� ���� �6� ='=' ��Z� IJ� -�v��>^^ JB' �� ��) �+7�� >G #)�> &�� b�� .b>^^ �6Jc ���. <��

Page 19: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

9�:�.� 6��>^^ 6��> /W x� L��/v. L+7�� ='=' ��7� @� �@� �� b4?b|� .> �>^^ ��� G0!� �:75L|�� �Z� <6�� ��.> �>5� �V� ��!�.b|� �>�� 5w|;> -/W �����>C›› /�;>^^

� ��B�H �-45-� ����� +�� ������� ����. L����H� ���� ! I��s ����� ×)B� �wá b ��� IJ� -¢×� �b�:7� x> ����� B�ú^^ ��( I�� ��B�H I��s ×)B� 8.5 ��v 9�:��� 6��> -/�>^^

� �-L��� ������ )'\� �>&�  ��Y� (�p���) ��I�H ��!Dw�� ��0�� ���� ��'� g L:7��� D�� -6+� &/Y�! �5�� �B�%/ ���� >&� �a��' up�� �v �(�) $u� D��s� ����� .�' ��'� ����. b� �J ��'� �¬v. b !:75� �Z� L���� ������ b ��� IJ� -¢×� 9�:&!:'� ����+;>^^

� ���� �I�� �B�%/ )'\� (�p�p0) g �)'�� �J�7� ���! ��7�� ��B�H ×)B� D: 4.5 ��v =� &�H �%J��^^ ��Ö� ������� I�� ����� �5L� ��v <!)� 9�:�.>� g &)7� �D�>^^ Economic impact Ethiopian Communication Affairs Minister Getachew Reda told journalists Monday that more than 90 percent of flower farms in an

important economic corridor between Ziway and Hawassa in the Oromia region had been attacked, as well as textile and

agriprocessing plants."What Ethiopia achieved in the last 15 to 20 years [is being destroyed] in the Oromia region," Reda said.

"Civilian life has been attacked. They tried to create an ungoverned space."

These attacks on foreign-owned farms weren't the first. Last month, Dutch and Israeli farms came under attack by anti-government

protesters. Such attacks have caused some companies, including Dutch flower company Esmeralda Farms, to shut down operations.

Another Dutch-owned fruit processing company that employed 2,000 people, Africa Juice BV, was set ablaze last week by protesters

in Oromia.Marjolein Busstra, spokeswoman for the minister for foreign trade and development of the Netherlands, told VOA that

Dutch officials were in regular conversation with the Ethiopian government.

"[We] urge them to protect the safety of the people in those regions — not just the companies, everybody," she said. "We also urge

them to enter into a dialogue with these groups that are conducting the attacks, because we think that there is a deeper, underlying

conflict that is going on and repressing all the violence will not lead to a sustainable solution."

The Oakland Institute

Recent development is attributed to investment and construction in the country, Gelila Woodeneh, World Bank communications

officer, told VOA in a statement. But the country's state development model is beginning to show cracks as people express anger at

being left out of its ambitious development projects, Mittal said.Her organization, the Oakland Institute, recently published a report

titled "Miracle or Mirage? Manufacturing Hunger and Poverty in Ethiopia."

"In 2016, over 18 million people required food assistance in Ethiopia, a crisis attributed to El Niño-induced drought," said Mittal.

"This narrative, while convenient for the government and its allies, ignores the chronic food insecurity in the country. Eight million to

18 million Ethiopians have depended on food or cash handouts for their survival each year over the last decade."

Fana Broadcasting, which is seen as close to the state, reported on its website that 11 companies ranging from textile firms to a

plastics maker to flower farms had been damaged or destroyed, while more than 60 vehicles had been torched.

Dutch firm FV SeleQt said its 300-hectare vegetable farm and warehouse had been plundered. Another Dutch firm, Africa Juice, said

its factory had been badly damaged.

The manager of one of the Turkish companies, textile firm Saygin Dima, told Reuters this week at least a third of his factory was

burned down.Fana's website showed images of burned-out trucks on the roadside, blaming the damage on "perpetrators of

violence," echoing the line taken by the government, which accuses local rebel groups and dissidents based abroad for stoking the

unrest.

It said the firms damaged had created 40,000 jobs in a country of 99 million people that has long been blighted by famine but which

has been rapidly transforming its fortunes, delivering growth rates that hit 10 percent in fiscal 2015-16.

David Shinn

"Economic development has outpaced political change," said former U.S. ambassador to Ethiopia and academic David Shinn.

Noting "phenomenal" economic gains, he said: "It is less clear, however, whether the Ethiopian peasant farmer, who still constitutes

about 80 percent of the population, has benefited significantly."

Feeling the heat Foreign investors are feeling the heat from protesters, not because they are foreigners but because they are among

the biggest purchasers of the new land leases from the state.Ethiopia's budding tourist industry is also taking a hit.

Tourist to travel to a country

The Bishangari Lodge, on Lake Langano about 200 km south of Addis Ababa, was looted and torched this week.

Resort owner Omar Bagersh said, even before the attack, he had had 90 percent cancellations in the past two or three months. "It is

very difficult to convince a tourist to travel to a country that has this kind of situation," he said.

Investors have been attracted by cheap electricity from Ethiopia's huge new hydroelectric dams being built, cheap labor, improving

transport and tax incentives offered by a financially stretched government hungry for foreign exchange.

New industries have been focused in Oromiya and the nearby Amhara regions, which surround Addis Ababa, a city that now boasts

Sub-Saharan Africa's only light rail metro system and a rapidly rising skyline.

Page 20: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

State of Emergency

Ethiopian human rights activists, members of opposition parties and those working in the media say their freedom of movement has

been severely limited since the government declared a state of emergency three weeks ago. Many are afraid to speak out while

others had to stop working.Ethiopia’s government has insisted the six-month state of emergency — declared so authorities can deal

with protests in the Oromia and Amhara regions — does not affect the constitutional rights of citizens.

‹‹�>� ��>� f�;D� D� �!w0��!!!›› Cabinet reshuffle 6�b �a��' ��&'!� :��} ���� 22 +� 2009I/� �Z�� �a���. �-D�. �G' ­� ��'�� �ú)+;>^^ ��(� ª� d' ��7� 14 �a�-�. !���-�|� �-B�¢ x�� � �)�� ���© ��'�� �Y ��?��.� 4�>w|� �5��|�� �&D� -.W>^^ ����� 9 ���© �a���. /��|� -7��� L��� 9��+�� �:7�|� -B>>^^ 9Jæ� ��� �v :�+ ����� �G-' :/7��� B/7 ��p>� �v xY\ ?'å���v å�|� ��Lü� �v �� -G�/'A� Bç��>^^ ��>w� d�d� 4-:7Bb|� �����G-' D'�J( B���� ��\J' �3 �A�)� �v �(�) 3�� �G-' d?Y� -G�&'!� -6�d |�^^ ��Z�� �a���. �fá ��� �>-�-H� ��� �G-' ß)�� �)A���:G-' 45-/'A� �)&æ�D%� ��ß' &���v å�|� 7Z� �v ��� �~� �v 2);� �ê�� �v !×V/ !b�D%� %J� �:5��v d?Y� d�¬ Bç��>^^ ��Y� �-�;� �'��. ª�H� -.-;>^^ (��*�¥� �¢F� � 25 (Z' 2009)

• �(=/ �!� �ª� X7� �!� �:��! ���� ����� �W. !�-? !&4� ��>w� Ú:� J�' <�� �BL�^^ JB' �� 9Jæ !:7�� ���) �'� �b �' L� �-:7B ª�� J�^^(�v B/� ��Y�)

• -X��.� ���('� :7Û ���>Gv� ����� �� ��' 5��J /� ��� !�w> /�� 9�Z&!�© B>ú���19 G0� %�� _'�s ?b�g 02)�G a% A�/ x!�+��‹‹(. I�� � ��5�. f��� �� �>wá.� 9�( :7Û b <:'� �.>� J�'›› /�;> (�G-' Zc|� �5g)

• �Z�� �a���. �/��|� ���('� :7Û|� -B���� ��&|� �×�+� b �-��7- �Y 9��5� ��!:'� J�^^(�G-' J�{ ¥ZZ)

• 4��æ �fá ��� <6�� �.>�^^ ��_��! ��<x ��� ��� ���5�. ��� J� �-:7B�^^ M� !� 5�. D: �b F:�� 4�b !� 5�. D: M� 9���� J� �-:7��^^ ( :�� ���5�. d��' 9�Þ ��<x ��� �-:7B L���© 4��æ �fá ��� JB' �J¤> �&�� �!�:0'�^^(�G-' �7Y ��)

��'���-����� �7Û

�2009 �_� I�� ��_��� �/ I�� �?�ú� ‹‹��B�H ��Bç �Ø��! ��&Y G>W. ��� 24 ���L ��G>� 0Y02  �_Gv. 23 ���E����. b �)�� :'{>^^�2009 �_� I�� ��_��� �/ I�� �?�ú� ��B�H ���,����� 9����ê �9\� -ZG�>^^ �B�H ��/ I�H ���|�� �á� ��� �� 43.5 f<�� �� �� �b' �b ���> !b|� ���,�����  �_Gv. D: +w ���,����� 9����ê 9�:�B� �7�B�� B>ú;>^^ L�A/v¦ 124 x�© 4J�(� ��� 71 4� ~W. 4-�!� �BYv. -+/W �&��� �Y �5YH� ���,�����  �_Gv. ��d© ��dJ' �v 0�� �7� ���� %�� ��w (Z' 2 +� 2009 I/� B>ú;>^^›› 4�(� �-�&� ��ß> H�=� %'0 ��_��� �/ I�� 9�) �?�ú� 40-c ����� �)+� -4�v>^^ AB' �/} H��v. �A7¥H ��D_� ��|� �� �;\ �G�!� ��!:'��� �/}� ��ß> �B>�W� 5'%;> 9���� �-!!þ ���� ! ��' ��B)� Bf� �dV>�W>^^

�Ø��! ��&Y G>W. ��� �-45-� (=Ls ��¢ ��)� �� ��,�����  �_Gv. b �Z� �>:75��� ��� ! ß~��� @� �@� ����Vw6' �7Û� +)� �&�]� ��(�u� �' �Ys� g/��|�� �/7� &�6�� ���b|� J�^^ �(Dì� ��' ���Ù. ����� 4�>w� <DB) ��.�� �� ����� )�0 ��'J� xDB) /� 9�:�J �D� !�?>�>^^ �� ����� �Y�|�� + �Ys� ��� ! �&�?' (Dì� ������ 9�4��:� �> rZ� �b|�^^ (Dì� 4� >&�s ����� ����� ���� ��-Z:'� -�{>� �2� ������ ��©� ��:J�� �<x ��Y|� J�� ���) �'� �B�= #7-u�GY�G �/v. �V�� ��/�s

Page 21: ET- ECONOMY - Ethiomedia · - / ET- ECONOMY ˘ˇˆ ... Indian firms are engaged in manufacturing as well as in a variety of ... German companies about Ethiopia's business climate

�/v. ��&G�'� � 2� JJ�� &?� ��6«.� �&5' D%-��0�( ×��� ��-'á� �7�.�� �-�!� )7-B£.� ��=��� {3> ��!�.� ��=�� ��Y �<x��|� 9�:�© &D� ��?b¥ J�^^

Þa� 46'@æ ��� �w! “Let the genie out of the bottle” 带来难以遏制的恶果… ‹‹�Y�.�� �L'J� �>+� ��BL ���=���&��=B/ �?��J� ��>wá 9 ��/'�� �¬� �Ú:� -�bdv� 4�Ab.� �2 ���� �s �' -5L�� !��� ��>w� Þa 4-+�6�� ���G /'~ ���v J0� %'v��>^^ ��?� �g�.� 9 �)+�.� -�7�����7��� �'��� ���-�4��� ��-�G��� (�� Þa +)� D: J�7�� /'~ ����� /� J� 4��G -6![J� �BbB> ���.��^^ �+:�� ��>�.� 9 �Y�.�� ��>) �5;9�J�� ���.� �57� �)'B��4:75/� 9�Y���'g���:� 9 �':������J� -�7���5� >é. (/7� �:�B0 9 0�'� ���Y� 9 ��06' .W�|� �&XJ0 �/Is |�' 9�:&�' >L.�� �-�g �>-�� �AE /�� 9�:B ��J�� /� J���<��. !�@�� (=Ls (>� 9�� &)7� ���.��^^ 49�( �Ö J�J��� 9�>J�� 9 0�(� (/7-5L.� �+Z_� ��.>�� �&Y* 9 �sY* ���^^›› (J�J�� �&!�� ‹‹J ��Ö›› 4��Z'�|� �å �' 1997)

‹‹&db ��u� L�) �/7� ��Vb� 9!77 �+� �L1' &db^^

45> ��©� /Ý 9��v. ��^^ =�L ��� ��� r7� ���^^››

�0�� ��ê (1924 I/�) �2 9c J�^ JB :�� 9�-!!! It is us today. It will be you tomorrow.

�19369p� w>!� ��� !� �D77. �� �'&s +›�.� �<� Ø0 ád� �:7�� ��f�s ���' ���|£ ¥� �;\ J�!!! ��4b4! �YsH D: �' �?� ���!!! �6�b �' �?' &%� wf! �6�b u�GYx!s &%� wf! -�!!! �(Dì� �� ��Y ����� d'G ��LBJs �B�=� DB)!!! ���-'á���&(�Ys )7-B£. ��7Û JJ� �(=/ �/Is �/v. ��> |�!!! �?� ��!!! ���� �' 4Ø��! 4�&Y G>W. �w!!! ����� ����� 9�7«. ���|��££ ?H!!! ��*

1- Haile Selassie I statement after his speech before the League of Nations (30 June 1936) 2- Source:-IMF Country Report No. 14/303, THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

2014 ARTICLE IV CONSULTATION—STAFF REPORT; PRESS RELEASE; AND STATEMENT BY THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA, October 2014,

3- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Ethiopian/African Economy FDI Inflows to Ethiopia By:Alemayehu Geda, Department of Economics Addis Abeba University, [email protected] , www.alemayehu.com , March 25th 2016,Ghion Hotel, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia

4- The Ethiopian Herald, Saturday 23 July 2016 5- ��'-' ��w �!=! 23 +� 2008I/� 6- ��'-' ��w ���� 17 +� 2008I/� 7- ��'-' ��w ��47� 15 +� 2008I/� 8- ��'-' ��w ��47� 18 +� 2008I/� 9- Source: findings from field visits, MOARD,MELCA Mahiber 2008 local press reports.

Note: Large-scale means 2000 hectares or more http://www.landgovernance.org/system/files/Ethiopia_Rahmato_FSS_0.pdf.

10- Source: Gambella Investment Commission, MOARD(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development), local press reports NOTE: *Large-Scale means 2000 hectares or more Lease period: ** = 30 years; all others 50 years. Total large-scale land transferred, 535,000 hectares. 657,000+535,000=1,192,000 hectares land transferred to foreign and domestic investers in Ethiopia

11- [email protected], Copyright 2016 Ethiomedia.com. Email: [email protected] 12- (J�J�� �&!�� ‹‹J ��Ö›› 4��Z'�|� �å �' 1997)