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ESTIMATION OF TEST METHODS ESTIMATION OF TEST METHODS MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY IN MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY IN
CONCRETE AND CLAY CONCRETE AND CLAY LABORATORYLABORATORY
Dalibor Dalibor SekuliSekulićć,, B.Sc. (Phys.)B.Sc. (Phys.)BrankaBranka TkalTkalččiićć CibociCiboci,, B.Sc. (Chem.B.Sc. (Chem. Eng.)Eng.)
EmilijaEmilija BariBariššiićć,, B.Sc. (Civ.B.Sc. (Civ. Eng.)Eng.)
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat - Dubrovnik, Croatia, 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
IntroductionIntroduction
HRN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2007HRN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2007TTestingesting laboratories shall have and shall apply laboratories shall have and shall apply procedures for estimating procedures for estimating ofof measurement measurement uncertaintyuncertaintyRelatedRelated documentsdocuments::
GUM - Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML, EAILAC G-17:2002 Introducing the Concept of Uncertainty ofMeasurement in Testing in Association with the Application ofthe Standard ISO/IEC 17025EA 4/16:2004 EA guidelines on the expression of uncertainty inquantitative testing
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
TypeType AABBasedased on a statistical analysis of series of on a statistical analysis of series of measurements obtained in repeatability measurements obtained in repeatability conditionsconditions
TypeType BBBBasedased on known characteristics of on known characteristics of instruments and other measurement instruments and other measurement uncertainty componentsuncertainty components
MeasurementMeasurement uncertainityuncertainity typestypes
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
MeasurementMeasurement uncertainityuncertainity typestypesWhatWhat typetype A A andand B B resultsresults givegive ??
Type A Type BSimpleSimple estimationestimation fromfrom n n measurementsmeasurements PrerequisitePrerequisite forfor estimationestimation isis knownknown
analitycalanalitycal expressionsexpressions whichwhich connectsconnectsresultresult withwith particularparticular uncunc. . componentscomponents
AllAll measurementmeasurement uncertainityuncertainity componentscomponentsisis includedincluded exceptexcept systematicsystematic errorserrors
InclusionInclusion ofof relevantrelevant measurementmeasurementuncertainityuncertainity componentscomponents dependsdepends on on knowledgeknowledge andand expierenceexpierence
EEffectffect of individual measurement of individual measurement uncertainty componentsuncertainty components cancan´́t t bebeseparatedseparated
EstimationEstimation givesgives influence influence ofof individualindividualuncertainityuncertainity componentscomponents
InformationInformation aboutabout systematicsystematic errorerror isisloosenloosen
InformationInformation aboutabout systematicsystematic errorserrors cancanbebe accountedaccounted
ResultsResults alwaysalways includeinclude nonhomogenitynonhomogenity ofoftest test specimensspecimens
NonhomogenityNonhomogenity ofof test test specimensspecimens cancanbebe includedincluded as a as a componentcomponent
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
Test Test methodsmethods inin ourour laboratorylaboratory
OverOver 100 100 accreditatedaccreditated test test methodsmethodsQualitative and semiQualitative and semi--qualitative test methodsqualitative test methodsQuantitative methodsQuantitative methods
type A and type B is estimatedtype A and type B is estimatedonly type A is estimatedonly type A is estimated
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
QualitativeQualitative test test methodsmethods
VVisualisual inspection of damages of civil engineering inspection of damages of civil engineering structures structures VVisualisual inspection of laboratory specimens inspection of laboratory specimens exposed to temperature changes, chemicals and exposed to temperature changes, chemicals and similarsimilar influencesinfluences
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
QuantitativeQuantitative test test methodsmethodsTypeType A A andand typetype B B isis estimatedestimated
Examples of method categorization based on physical principles
Subgroup of test methods Test methods
HRN EN 12390-3; HRN EN 196-1HRN EN 12504-1; HRN EN 12190
HRN EN 12390-5; HRN EN 12390-6HRN EN 934-5; HRN EN 1542
ISO 6784 ; HRN U.M1.025; HRN EN 13412
EN 993-4
Included in all physical-mechanical methods
HRN EN 12390-7; HRN EN 1097-6
HRN EN ISO 15148; HRN U.M8.300;HRN EN 13057; HRN EN 480-5
Compressive strength
Tensile strength
Modulus of elasticity
Gas permeabilityGeometrical measurements
Density determination
Capillary absorption
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
QuantitativeQuantitative test test methodsmethodsTypeType A A isis estimatedestimated
Some test methods where only type A estimation of measurement uncertainty is appropriate
Subgroup of test methods Test methodsFresh concrete and mortar HRN EN 12350-1 to 7; HRN EN 445;
properties HRN EN 1015-3; HRN EN 13395-1to 3
Water permeability HRN EN 12390-8
Frost resistance HRN CEN/TS 12390-9; HRN U.M1.016; HRN U.M1.055; HRN EN 13581;HRN EN 13687-1; HRN EN 13687-3
Determination of carbonation depth prEN 14630; NT build 357
Determination of particle size distribution by sieving method HRN EN 933-1
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ExampleExample 1 1 Determination of static modulus of elasticity in compression
12
120
llFF
AlE
−−
⋅=
L 0
Graph Relative deformation - stress
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,4
σ (mm/m)
ε (k
N/m
m2 )
F1 F2
l2
l1
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ModulusModulus ofof elasticityelasticity –– typetype BBMain components of measurement uncertainty and their allowed limit values from test standard
Uncertainity component Limit value Uncertainity
Deformation measurement ±5 µε± 2 µm
0,58 μm
Specimen dimensions tolerance ± 0,5 % -Tolerance from 90° ± 0,5 mm -Flatness tolerance 0,0005 d -Load rate (0,6±0,4) N/(mm2s) -
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
Other components of measurement uncertainty
Uncertainity component Limit value Uncertainity
Pressure machine accuracy ± 1% up = 0,58 %
Vennier calliper accuracy ± 0,02 mm um = 0,012 mm
Extensometer fixing accuracy- Experimentally deduced
±1 mm ul0 = 0,6 mm
ModulusModulus ofof elasticityelasticity –– typetype BB
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
( ) ( ) ( )232
22
1 22 Flloc uCuCuC)E(u ++=
12
120
llFF
AlE
−−
⋅=( )212
12
01
llAFF
lEC
−
−=
∂∂
=
( )( )( )212
120
122
llAFFl
llEC
−
−−=
−∂∂
=
( ) ( )12
0
123
llAl
FFEC
−=
−∂∂
=
ModulusModulus ofof elasticityelasticity –– typetype BBCombined measurement uncertainty
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ModulusModulus ofof elasticityelasticity –– typetype BB
0,E+00
1,E+05
2,E+05
3,E+05
4,E+05
5,E+05
6,E+05
7,E+05
(C1u(l0))2 (C2u(l))2 (C3u(F))2
Unc
erta
inity
con
trib
utio
n
EXTENSOMETER DEFORMATION FORCEFIXING MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT
( ) ( ) ( )232
22
1 22 Flloc uCuCuC)E(u ++=
Contributions to measurement uncertainity
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ModulusModulus ofof elasticityelasticity –– typetype BB
E=43,4 GPauc(E) = 0,1 GPa
Uc(E) = 0,2 GPa , k=2Ur (E) = 0,5% , k=2
Uncertainity estimation results
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ModulusModulus ofof elasticityelasticity –– typetype AANo. E (GPa)1 42,92 43,03 43,64 43,55 43,36 42,67 44,48 43,69 43,410 43,2
( ) ( )nxsxs i
i =
u(E)= 0,15 GPaU (E) = 0,34 GPa , k = 2,26Ur(E) = 0,8 %, k = 2,26
)()( ii xsxu =
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ModulusModulus ofof elasticityelasticity
Type A estimation gives larger resultFor Type B All sources aren´t taken into account
specimen dimensions, perpendiculary and flatnessnonlinearity of stress-strain diagram
Type A Type B
Ur(E) (%) 0,8 0,5
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ExampleExample 2 2 -- Type AType A estimationestimation
Fresh concrete test methods EN 12350 (1-7)
For measurement uncertainity estimation 4 methods are selected:
HRN EN 12350-2 Consistency by Slump TestHRN EN 12350-5 Consistency by flow table testHRN EN 12350-4 DensityHRN EN 12350-5 Air content
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
Slump test (EN 12350-2)Uncertainty components Allowed limit values
Mould tolerances ± 2 mmCompacting rod tolerances ± 5 mmAir temperature, relative humidity 20 ± 2°C, 65 ± 5% r.h.Duration of mould lifting 5 to 10 sWay of concrete compacting Defined by standardResult reading To nearest 10 mmMeasurement process duration ≤ 150 sTime measurement accuracy ± 0,5 sRuler accuracy ± 2,5 mm
FreshFresh concreteconcrete propertiesproperties –– TypeType AA• Uncertainity components and allowed limit values for slump test
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
DDifficultifficult tasktaskit is almost impossible to establish analytical expression it is almost impossible to establish analytical expression following from physical laws which connects test result following from physical laws which connects test result (height of concrete, or spreading diameter) with (height of concrete, or spreading diameter) with measurement uncertainty components. measurement uncertainty components. It isnIt isn’’t practical to investigate each of these influences by t practical to investigate each of these influences by type A evaluationtype A evaluation andand thenthen combinecombine intointo typetype BB→ SolutionSolution isis TypeType A A determinationdetermination byby measurementmeasurementrepeatingrepeating
ExampleExample 2 2 -- Type AType A estimationestimation
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
Problem: properties of fresh concrete are fast changingSolution: perform simultaneous test of fresh concrete properties
ExampleExample 2 2 -- Type AType A estimationestimation
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
2200
2250
2300
2350
2400
2450
2500
2550
2600
1 2 3 4 5
Test No.
Dens
ity (k
g/m
3 )
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1,20
1 2 3 4 5
Test No.
Air c
onte
nt (%
)
Concrete density Air content
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1 2 3 4 5
Test No.
Slu
mp
valu
e (m
m)
Consistency byslump
Ur=12,5%100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5
Test No.
Spre
adin
g (m
m)
Consistency byflow table
Ur=5,0%
Ur=0,3% Ur=13,4%
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ExampleExample 2 2 -- Type AType A estimationestimation
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
Expanded measurement uncertainty for fresh concrete methods
Fresh concrete test methodExpanded measurement
uncertainty (k=2)
Consistency by the slump test 12,5%
Consistency by the flow table 5,0%
Fresh concrete density 0,32%
Air content 13,4%
ExampleExample 2 2 -- Type AType A estimationestimation
CIVIL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CROATIA
LABORATORY COMPETENCE The International Conference Cavtat 18-20th OctoberOctober 2007.
ConclusionConclusion