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8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
1/23
EstablishingaDedicated
Energy
CropSupplyChain
SoutheastBioenergyConference
August9,2011
SamJackson,Ph.D.
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
2/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
TennesseesBiofuelsInitiative
Energy Crop Supply Chain
Demonstratetheestablishmentofadedicatedbiomassenergycropsupplychainwithfarmer
Cellulosic Ethanol Biorefinery
Demonstratethe
pre
commercial
productionofethanolfromswitchgrass
Commercialization
Developaviable,
sustainable,
long
term
pathtocommercializationofcellulosicbiofuelsinTennessee
Biofuels, Bioproducts R&D
EstablishpremierRD&Dcapabilitiesandcapacityinbiofuelsandbioproducts
$70.5MillionStateCommitment
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
3/23
ProductionExperience
Biomassproductionandharvestingexperiencewithswitchgrass,a
native,perennial
grass
Contractingwithlocalfarmerstoproduceover5,100acresoflowland
switchgrasssince
2008
UT/Generaissuedincentivecontractsto61localfarmersthatprovide
paymentsforestablishment(inc.
seed)andmanagementofthegrassovera3yearperiod
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
4/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
BiomassFeedstocks
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
Cellulosicbiofuelsrequire: Adequate,sustainablefeedstock
supply
Consistentfeedstockquality
Economicalsupplychainexpenses
CoordinationandPlanning
neededin:
FeedstockProduction
Harvestingandstorage
Transportationandlogistics
Feedstock
quality
control Environmentalfactors
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
5/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
FeedstockQuality
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
Feedstockcomposition/qualityisdrivenbygeneticsand
productionsystems
However,feedstockcomposition/qualitycanbe
significantlyimpactedby
properlogistics,
storage
and
handlingofmaterial
Carefulmanagementofsupplychainscanaddressmany
feedstockquality
concerns
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
6/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
Well suited to the Southeast
Currently, ~6-10 tons/acre in TN
Potential for 12+ tons/acre
Warm season, native, perennial grass
Tolerates poor soils, flooding, drought
Highly resistant to many pests, diseases
Low use of chemicals or fertilizers
1-2 year establishment
Weed control critical in establishment
Works with existing infrastructure
May be removed, improves soil qualityUT research focus for 20+ years
SwitchgrassasanEnergyCrop
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
7/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
Biomassproductionandharvestingexperiencewithswitchgrass,anative,perennialgrass
Contractingwithlocalfarmerstoproduceover5,100acresoflowlandswitchgrasssince2008
UT/Generaissuedincentivecontractsto61
localfarmers
that
provide
payments
for
establishment(inc.seed)andmanagementof
thegrassovera3yearperiod
Averagingabout8tons/acby3rd year
Harvesting~2tonsinyear1
~5tons
in
year
2
~8tonsyear3andbeyond
BiomassInnovationPark
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
8/23
2008SFIPContract
2009
SFIP
Contract 2010SFIPContract
CumberlandRoane
Rhea
Meigs
McMinn
Monroe
Loudon
Blount
PolkBradley
Vonore
Knox
Biorefinery
Switchgrass ContractFarms
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
9/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
IntegratedBiomassSupplyChain
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
Biomass Production & Harvest
Handling, Storage, Transportation
Pre-Processing & Densif ication
Value-Added Pre-Treatment
Industrial Processing
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
10/23
BiomassProductionandHarvesting
CenterforRenewableCarbon InstituteofAgriculture
Crop genetics
Improved establishment
Technical expertise
Tailored equipment
Seed availability
Risk management
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
11/23
HarvestingImprovements
In-field cost reductions
Increased bulk density
Improved harvestingsystems
Improved on-farm
logistics
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
12/23
DOEHighTonnageLogisticsGrant
Developanappropriatelyscaledbulkbasedswitchgrassharvest,handling,storage,
compaction,transport,
and
off
loadsystemtosupplyademonstrationbiorefinery
IssuestobetterunderstandIn
field
logistics
StorageimpactsAchievingmaximumaxleweights
AdvantagesReducedpreprocessingcostsHigherratesofharvestAutomatedhandling
CenterforRenewableCarbon InstituteofAgriculture
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
13/23
BiomassHandling,Storage&Transportation
CenterforRenewableCarbon InstituteofAgriculture
Year-round supply
Minimize handling
Maximize bulk handling
Minimize storage loss
Maintain quality
Manage moisture Increase bulk density
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
14/23
SwitchgrassBaleStorage
Storagecriticalforquality
managementMoisturemanagement
Largefootprintrequired
Drymatterlossdoesoccur
Significantresearchunderwayinbalestorage
CenterforRenewableCarbon InstituteofAgriculture
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
15/23
TNSwitchgrassExperienceBaleStorage
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
16/23
SwitchgrassTransportSystems
EfficienciesinBaleTransport
Maximizeindividualbaledensities
Reducetransportdensities
Significantlaborinvolvedin
balemovement
Staging
Loading
Unloading
CenterforRenewableCarbon InstituteofAgriculture
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
17/23
Handling,TransportandStorage
Improvements
Increased ability toprovide year-roundsupply
Maximizes bulk handling
Minimizes storage loss
Increase density of storedmaterial
Manages moisture
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
18/23
BiomassPreProcessing
CenterforRenewableCarbon InstituteofAgriculture
Particle size coarsechop to flour
Conveyance & flowability
Energy intensity
New systems, systemsintegration
Multiple feedstocks
Packaging &transportation
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
19/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
BiomassInnovationPark
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
World-class RD&D campus
Integrates entire biomass supply chain
Harvest, handling, storage, densification, logistics
Pre-processing
High throughput screeningand analysis
Agronomics, plant genetics, production
Intermediate processing and conversion
Multiple feedstocks
Site for $5M DOE-funded high tonnagebulk handling demonstration
Operational by end of 2011
Potential to expand footprint to demonstrategasification, pyrolysis, other conversiontechnologies or feedstocks
ConceptualRendering:July2010
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
20/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
SustainableFeedstocksforBioenergy
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
Sustainablecellulosicbiofuelsmust: Beproducedinamannerthatis
environmentallyfriendly,
improving
siteconditionsinsteadofdamagingthem.
Beproducedinaneconomicallysoundsystem.Sustainableeconomicswillrewardallinvolved.
Be
socially
sustainable.
Our
productionimpactssocietywhichmustbeconsidered
Includesenvironmentalfactorssuchas: Soilnutrientimpacts
Soilerosion/stream
sedimentation
Carboncycling
Useofchemicals
Sustainabilitymonitoring/criteria
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
21/23
GeneraEnergy LLC2011
AnOptimizedSystem
Endtoendpartnershipsarethekeytosuccessfulprojects
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
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GeneraEnergy LLC2011
Summary
ImprovedEfficiencies
Reducedsupplychaincosts
Maintainchemicalandstructuralqualityofmaterial
Mustcollaborateacrossthesupplychainto
providesimplesolutionsforbioenergy
producersandbiomassproducers
CenterforRenewableCarbon InstituteofAgriculture
8/13/2019 Establishing a dedicated energy crop supply chain
23/23
ThankYou
865.974.8258(Office)
865.974.8301(Fax)
www.generaenergy.net