Essentials of Sociology Fifth Edition Chapter Three Socialization This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following

Essentials of SociologyFifth Edition

Chapter Three

SocializationThis multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Copyright © 2004 by Allyn and Bacon

Copyright © 2004 by Allyn and Bacon 2

Socialization

A process people go through to learn societal expectations

Society makes us human


What is human about human nature?

How many of our characteristics come

from “nature” (heredity) and how many

from “nurture” (the social environment)?


Examples of the importance of socialization

Kinglsey’s case study of Isabelle (language)

Skeels and Dye’s experiment with institutionalized orphans (IQ)

Pine’s case study of Genie (bonding) Harlow’s experiment with rhesus

monkeys (critical learning stage)


Cooley’s Looking Glass Self

Charles Horton Cooley stated we develop a self by interacting with others.

The Looking Glass Self—the process by which a self develops.


Mead’sRole Taking

Children learn to take the role of others.• Learned during play

Significant other Generalized other


Agents of Socialization

Agents of socialization— people and groups that influence our self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behavior.

The family The neighborhood Religion Day care School and Peer

groups Sports The workplace


Agents of socialization

Break into pairs/groups. Each will be assigned one agent of socialization (refer to pages 67-71). Discuss how and why this institution socializes us then share with others.


Socialization into Gender

Gender socialization—the ways in which society sets children onto different courses in life because they are male or female.


Socialization into Gender

Gender- your sex is determined physically, your gender is a culture’s way of identifying your sex (masculine/feminine)

Gender identity- the fundamental sense of being male or female

Gender typing- society’s ideas about being male or female


Gender messages in the family

Susan Goldberg and Michael Lewis• laboratory observation with mothers and

their 6 month old infants

Do strangers treat babies differently if they think the baby is a boy or girl?


Socialization into Emotions

Universal emotions Expression of emotions vary by

culture, class and gender


Are We Prisonersof Socialization?

Sociologists do not think of people as robots.

Socialization is powerful, but the self is dynamic.

Each of us is actively involved in the social construction of the self.

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