2012 Geography of the Middle East Lesson Plan

Essential and Guiding Questions for the Middle East Unit:How has conflict affected the Middle East?How does the culture of the Middle East impact the global community?What are the core beliefs of Judaism, Christianity and Islam? What events, figures, and processes have impacted the Middle East?What issues currently affect the Middle East?What factors influence the Middle Easts position in the global community?

Theme(s)/focus: Conflict, Human Rights Violation, & Belief Systems.

Do Now: Dating back to the end of WWII, the Middle East & North Africa [the Islamic world] have both been in the news for a myriad (many/a lot) of reason.Surrounding the state of the two aforementioned regions, what do you know about them and their current state/status? In your notebooks students are asked to list and then briefly examine some of the news hailing out of the two regions &/or their basic knowledge, be it good or bad, it's totally up to students.

Are there any questions/comments surrounding? Pol Pot The Khmer Rouge Cambodia Killing FieldsAre there any questions/comments surrounding? Pol Pot = radical political leader. He was a Communist, influenced by Mao Zedong & Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam. Followed the basic beliefs of Karl Marx. The Khmer Rouge were a group of communist guerillas, led by Pol Pot,that gained control of Cambodia after the withdrawal of American troops from the Vietnam War. Initiated a reign of terrorKilling Fields = over 2 million people were brutally killed indiscriminately Women, Children, & men = Genocide. Goal: Wanted to start from Day Zero. Rid Cambodia of ALL modernization, westernization, spies, and educrats highly educated individuals. Wanted to stress traditionalism/farming. I always refer to him as the Adolf Hitler of Cambodia. Cambodian Genocide [1970s]

Regents Style Questions The political ideas of Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, and Pol Pot were strongly influenced by the writings of (1) Confucius (2) Mohandas Gandhi (3) Desmond Tutu (4) Karl Marx

Regents Style Questions The political ideas of Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, and Pol Pot were strongly influenced by the writings of (1) Confucius (2) Mohandas Gandhi (3) Desmond Tutu (4) Karl Marx

Pol Pot, the Khmer Rouge, the killing fields, and Year Zero are all associated with a violent period in which country?

(1) Vietnam (2) China (3) Cambodia (4) KoreaPol Pot, the Khmer Rouge, the killing fields, and Year Zero are all associated with a violent period in which country?

(1) Vietnam (2) China (3) Cambodia (4) KoreaBase your answers to questions 46 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.

46 Which letter identifies the peninsula that was the site of the Vietnam conflict and theatrocities of Pol Pot?A3) C(2) B4) D

Base your answers to questions 46 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies.

46 Which letter identifies the peninsula that was the site of the Vietnam conflict and theatrocities of Pol Pot?A3) C(2) B4) D

Pol Pot, Joseph Stalin, and Slobodan Milosevic were similar in that each leader supported actions that (1) modernized their economies (2) introduced democratic ideas (3) supported minority rights (4) violated human rights

Pol Pot, Joseph Stalin, and Slobodan Milosevic were similar in that each leader supported actions that (1) modernized their economies (2) introduced democratic ideas (3) supported minority rights (4) violated human rights

Which group is represented by the skulls in this 1996 cartoon?1 Armenians in the Ottoman Empire during World War 12 dissidents in the Soviet Union during the 1930's3 anti-Maoists in China during the 1960's4 intellectuals in Cambodia during the 1970's

Which group is represented by the skulls in this 1996 cartoon?1 Armenians in the Ottoman Empire during World War 12 dissidents in the Soviet Union during the 1930's3 anti-Maoists in China during the 1960's4 intellectuals in Cambodia during the 1970's

OPEC Questions The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is best known for its efforts todevelop workable alternatives to fossil fuels (2) bring Western oil technology to the MiddleEast(3) stop the export of oil to non-Arab nations (4) establish production quotas to control the price of oil. OPEC Questions The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is best known for its efforts todevelop workable alternatives to fossil fuels (2) bring Western oil technology to the MiddleEast(3) stop the export of oil to non-Arab nations (4) establish production quotas to control the price of oil.

47 Which conclusion is supported by the information provided on the map?Russia is very dependent on imported oil. (2) The United States exports little or no oil. (3) South America exports more oil than Africadoes. (4) Most of the oil from the Middle East goes to Japan.

47 Which conclusion is supported by the information provided on the map?Russia is very dependent on imported oil. (2) The United States exports little or no oil. (3) South America exports more oil than Africadoes. (4) Most of the oil from the Middle East goes to Japan.

political influence in tropical regions (2) control of access to important religious sites (3) military control over strategic waterways (4) economic influence over industrialized nationsFor further information surrounding Regents Style Questions Check out [p. 15-17 of the June 2011 NYS Global Regents]: Students are asked to carefully peruse the June 2011 NYS Global Regents DBQ Section [Not mandatory but a great resource to utilize along with various others].

Go to this website: http://nysedregents.orgThen, look for the NYS Global section. Monday, June 02, 2014Assignment #1: Former United Nations Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali said, The next war in the Near East [Middle East] will not be about politics, but over water.

Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Reflection Questions [discuss with your neighbors]:A. How is water as or more precious than oil? Give examples of situations where this could be the case.

B. Where do you think wars would break out over water rights? Why?

Assignment #2: Carefully examine the map on the next page pay close attention to the: Physical attributes/featuresTerrainTopographyAvailability of water plethora of other resources. Yellow = Arid, dry, desert-like conditions note that Sahara [largest desert in the world] extends to the region in question Green represents water & vegetation.

Monday, June 02, 2014Reflection Question: Based upon the map, if war WERE TO BREAK OUT in the Middle East, what countries do you think would be the aggressors (the ones to start the war) and how would they attack/invade and why?

Geographical Transformation Palestine Assignment #3: Carefully review the handout: Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

Palestinian and Israeli propaganda maps Palestinian Mapwithout IsraelIsraeli map lumping together Arab states;depicting tiny defenseless Israel

Israel

Zionism:Jewish (religious) territoriality

Israelis are multiethnicEuropean, Middle Eastern,Newer Russian, Ethiopian immigrants

Arab Israeli minority Palestinians (in West Bank and Gaza Strip)

Arab (ethnic) territoriality

Palestinians are multireligiousMuslims and Christians

Ethnic nationalist movement, but some newer Muslim groups

Zionism - Theodore Herzl, 1896

British Palestine 1917- 48 Arab ethnic initial majority (90%)1917, Balfour Declarationsupports Zionism; immigration begins

1936-39 The Great Uprising - first Arab protests as Jews increasingly

Jewish religious minority grew rapidly in 1920-40s, especially during rise of Anti-semitism.

British did not allow European Jewish immigration during WWII.

UN Partition Plan, 1948 Jewish State (Israel) Arab State (Palestine) International Zone (Jerusalem)- never implementedThe day after the state of Israel was declared in 1848 five Arab armies from Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and Iraq invaded but were repulsed and Israel took all of the U.N. designated lands plus much of Palestinian territory (see next slide).Jewish militia massacred scores of Palestinians. Moreover hundreds of thousands were displaced and have been refugees ever since.

Jerusalem

West (Israeli);East (Arab)with Israeli settlements

Jerusalem: Holy City to Jews, Muslims, and ChristiansIsraeli Settlementsand Palestiniantowns in theWest Bank, 2000

Israeli settlers see ashistoric Jewish homeland

Palestinians compareillegal settlements toApartheid

PalestinianAutonomy, 2000

Gradual turnover of Israeli-Occupied areas to Palestinians for Two-State Solution

Plan collapsing askillings increase

Second Intifada since Sept. 2000

Israeli Defense Force reoccupies West Bank and Gaza

The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)1970s Unable to win support in U.N.; Palestinians turned to terrrorism.1972 Munich Olympics, 11 Israeli athletes killed by PLO operatives1974 Yasser Arafat speaks to U.N. "Today I have come bearing an olive branch and a freedom fighter's gun. Do not let the olive branch fall from my hand." Financial support for many years came from surrounding Arab nations and the U.S.S.R.1992 PLO (Arafat) and Israel (Yitzhak Rabin) formally acknowledge one another as part of the Oslo Accord talks with Clinton.Splinter Groups: Hamas, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, Hezbollah2005 Arafat dies.2006 Hamas wins substantial portion of Palestinian vote.

Key Israeli FiguresDavid Ben Gurion - Zionist founder/victor in 1948Yitzhak Rabin (74-77; 92-95) - recognized PLO; killed by Israeli radical after making peace overtures.Menachem Begin (78-83) - Camp David Accord; peace with Egypt. Sadat killed by extremists in 1981.Ehud Barak - aggressive Labor party peacemaker; lost power to right wing Sharon during violence of Second IntifadaAriel Sharon - current prime minister; Likud Party right winger considered war criminal by many for his role is slaughter in Lebannon; in coma after stroke of early 2006. (Ehud Olmert takes over role.)

Main IssuesPalestinianLandRight of ReturnEnd to SettlementsWater RightsEconomicsSelf-determinationEnd of OccupationAccess to Jerusalem

IsraeliLandSecurityAccess to JerusalemRight to exist

Demographic DataPalestinianPop: 3,500,000Migration: 2.1/1000Infant mortality: 26/1000Fertility rate: 6.55Life expectancy: 70.8GDP per capita: $625GDP growth rate: - 35% Religions: Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 98.7%, Christian 0.7%, Jewish 0.6%

IsraeliPop: 6,000,000Migration: 1/1000Infant Mortality: 6.55/1000Fertility rate: 2.54Life Expectancy: 78.8GDP per capita: $19,000GDP growth rate: -1%Religions: Jewish 80.1%, Muslim 14.6% (mostly Sunni Muslim), Christian 2.1%, other 3.2% (1996 est.)

In connection to the PPT review/handout, what assessments can be made surrounding Middle Eastern Conflicts, especially those surrounding the Fertile Crescent? Discuss amongst tablemates afterwards, we will conduct a class discussion. Assignment #41. Utilize the textbook, the handout and your HW in order to complete the listed graphic organizer.