PMRPMRQuick revision before examsChapter 1

1 (a) Complete the table below regarding sensory organs.

Sensory organ Type of stimulus

(i) Eye

(ii) Nose/tongue

(iii) Sound

(iv) Touch, pain, heat, cold

(b) Complete the pathway of impulse after a stimulus is received by the skin.

Stimulus → → Nerve →

→ Nerve → Effector

2 Explain why when we have the flu, the nose cannot function well.

The receptors are covered with a layer of .

3 Name receptors X and Y in the diagram below.

X:

Y:

4 The thinner the or the more the number of , the more sensitive the skin.

5 Label the taste areas on the tongue and give one example of food that tastes the best on the area.

Part Taste Example of food

K

L

M

N

H1

6 (a) Label the structures of the ear and state its functions.

P:

Q:

R:

T:

U:

V:

W:

X:

S:

P : Collects Q : Channel to the R : when it is hit by sound wavesS : Balance the on both sides of the earT : sound vibrationsU : Controls V : Sends to the X : Converts into

(b) Based on 6(a), complete the sound pathway in the hearing mechanism.

P ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ V

✂

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7 (a) Label the structures of the eye and state its functions.

A:

B:

C:

D:

E:

F:

G:

H:

I:

J:

K:

L:

A, B, E : Helps to the light onto the retinaC : Allows the light to the eyeD : Controls the of the B, E : the shape of the eyeballF : the light onto the G : the eyeballH : Prevents light in the eyeI : Converts stimulus into K : Sends to the brain

(b) Based on 7(a), complete the pathway of light rays entering the eyes.

A ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ K

8 The characteristics of the image formed on the retina are , and .

9 Determine the angles of incidence and reflection.

50o

incidentray

reflectedray

(a) Angle of incidence : (b) Angle of reflection :

10 (a) Draw the light rays of the refraction of light.

normalincident ray

▼

airglass

normal

airglass

normal

waterair

▼▼

(b) The straw in a glass filled with water appears bent because the light ray is .

11 Fill in the blanks with correct words regarding the eye defects shown below.

(a) (b)

Type: Reasons: The eyeball is too The eyeball is too or the or the eye lens is too eye lens is too Correctivelens:

12 is the eye defect caused by the irregular curvature of the cornea. It can be corrected by wearing lenses.

13 P

Q

Line P appears longer than line Q. This limitation of the sense of sight is called .

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1 Three elements that make up carbohydrates and fats are , and but in

different ratios.

2 Complete the table below with the classes of food.

Class of food Function

(a) To supply energy

(b) To build new cells to replace damaged tissue

(c) As heat insulator/ To protect internal organs/ To supply energy

(d) To maintain good health

(e) To stimulate peristalsis

(f) To transport dissolved food/ Act as medium for chemical reaction/ To transport excretory products

3 Vitamin and dissolve in water while vitamin , , and dissolve in fat.

4 Determine the classes of food: Carbohydrate (C), protein (P), fat (F), roughage (R), vitamin (V) or mineral salt (M).(a) Rice: (j) Butter: (b) Orange: (k) Starch: (c) Fish: (l) Papaya: (d) Egg white: (m) Vegetable: (e) Egg yolk: (n) Meat: (f) Honey: (o) Milk: (g) Potato: (p) Sugar: (h) Coconut oil: (q) Bread: (i) Groundnut: (r) Margarine:

14 State the types of vision and its advantage and disadvantage for the following animals.

(a)

Type of vision: (Predator)

Advantage: estimate distance accurately

Disadvantage: vision field

(b)

Type of vision: (Prey)

Advantage: vision field

Disadvantage: estimate distance accurately

15 Fill in the blanks with information regarding sound.(a) Sound is produced by .(b) is needed for the transmission of

sound.(c) Sound can travel through ,

and but cannot travel through .

(d) Soft and porous materials are reflectors of sound but absorbers of sound.

(e) Hard and smooth surface materials are reflectors of sound but absorbers of sound.

16 State the stimulus and the types of tropism for the shoot and root of the plants below.

(a) (b) Petri dish

moistcottonwool

plasticine

Stimulus: Stimulus: Shoot: Shoot: Root: Root:

Chapter 2

(c) (d) tendril

twig

moist cotton wool

anhydrous calcium chloride

(or silica gel)

Stimulus: Stimulus: Root: Tendril:

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5 State the diseases caused by the deficiency associated with the following nutrients.(a) Vitamin A: (b) Vitamin B: (c) Vitamin C: (d) Vitamin E: (e) Vitamin K: (f) Protein: (g) Iodine: (h) Iron: (i) Vitamin D/ phosphorus/ calcium:

6 A diet consists of food that has all the nutrients in the right quantities.

7 Based on the following table, calculate the calorific value taken by a student for his dinner if he took 200 g of rice, 50 g of fried egg and 50 g of papaya.

Food Calorific value (kJ/100g)

Rice 1 500

Fried egg 950

Papaya 160

8 State the observation for the following food tests.

Food test Observation

(a) Starch + iodine solution

(b) Glucose + Benedict’s solution precipitate

(c) Protein + Millon’s reagent precipitate

(d) Fat + filter paper spot

Calorific value=

9 (a) Label the human digestive system and fill in the blanks with suitable words.

P: Digested food:

V: Digested food:

Function: To digested food

S:

T: Gastric juice contains acid and Digested food:

U: Produces

W: Function: To reabsorb

and produce

Q:

R:

(b) has a very wall (one-cell thick) and functions to

digested food.

(c) Based on 9(a), complete the pathway of food movement in the human digestive tract.

P ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ ➞ Rectum

10 (a) The process of pushing the food along the alimentary canal is called .

(b) The removal of undigested food (faeces) from the body is called .

(c) The difficulty to expel undigested food (faeces) from the body is called .

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dfgasgH5✂11 State the final products of digestion that are ready to be

absorbed into the small intestine.

Food Final product of digestion

(a) Carbohydrate

(b) Protein

(c) Fat

12 State the observation at the end of the experiment and give the explanation.

(a) Starch test: Observation: (b) Explanation: in saliva breaks

down into .

(c) 37 oC is used because 37 oC is the temperature

for .

starch solution +saliva

iodine solution

13 Study the experiment below regarding the absorption of digested food.

(a) State the parts represented by:

(i) Visking tube: (ii) Distilled water:

distilledwater

Visking tube

starch solution + glucose solution

(b) Explain why glucose can be found in the distilled water but not starch at the end of the experiment.

Starch molecules are too to through the wall of the Visking tube.

14 Fill in the blanks with suitable letters based on the given food pyramid.

P

Q R

S T

U

(a) Foods that are required in large amounts daily:

(b) Foods at the highest

risk of causing heart diseases if taken excessively:

Chapter 3

1 Complete the classification of animals below:

Animals

Invertebrates (a) (Do not have backbone) (Have backbone)

Fish Bird

(b) (c) (d)

2 State the types of vertebrates. (a) Deer: (g) Frog:

(b) Eel: (h) Penguin: (c) Snake: (i) Toad: (d) Whale: (j) Crocodile: (e) Turtle: (k) Shark: (f) Lizard: (l) Bat:

3 State the types of vertebrates (Fish, ‘F’, Amphibian, ‘A’, Reptile, ‘R’, Bird, ‘B’ or Mammal, ‘M’) which have the following characteristics.(a) Breathe through lungs: (b) Breathe through gills: (c) Breathe through moist skin: (d) Warm-blooded: (e) Cold-blooded: (f) Lay eggs: (g) Give birth to young: (h) Carry out internal fertilisation: (i) Carry out external fertilisation:

4 Complete the classification of plants below.

Plants

Flowering plants Non-flowering plants

Algae Mosses

(a) (b) (c) (Example: (Example: Maize)durian tree) (d)

5 State whether the given plants are monocotyledon, ‘M’ or dicotyledon, ‘D’.

(a) Maize plant: (f) Rambutan tree: (b) Coconut tree: (g) Grass: (c) Paddy plant: (h) Balsam plant: (d) Durian tree: (i) Rubber tree: (e) Oil palm tree: (j) Rose plant:

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1 (a) A is a natural living place for plants and animals.

(b) A is a group of organisms that live together in a habitat.

(c) A consists of several populations of animals and plants that live together and interact with one other.

(d) An consists of several communities that interact with one another and with the physical environment.

2 (a) is the organism that kills and eats other organisms.

(b) is the organism that is eaten by a predator.

Chapter 4

3 Based on the types of interaction between living things, give the correct terms.

Term Interaction between . . .

(a) ... different organisms that live together in a close relationship

(b) ... different organisms where one organism benefits from the other whereas the other organism is not adversely affected

(c) ... different organisms where one organism benefits from the other whereas the other organism is negatively affected

(d) ... two different organisms that live together in which both organisms benefit

(e) ... organisms that compete for the same basic resources

4 State the types of interaction between the living things below.(a) sea

anemone

hermit crab

(b) flowering plant

weed

(c)

bird’s nest fern

tree

(d) tree barnacles

tree trunk

(e) (f)

chicken

worm

nodule containing bacteria

roots of leguminous plant

5 Symbiosis can be classified into , and .

6 (a) is the method in which a natural enemy is used to control the population of pest in an area.

(b) State two advantages of controlling pest using biological control.

(i) (ii)

6 State and draw (if required) the characteristics of plants

Type of Monocotyledon Dicotyledon Leaf (a) (b)

vein leaf vein leaf

Root (c) (d)

roots roots

Stem (e) (f)

Number of Cotyledon (g) (h)

7 are non-flowering plants that do not carry out photosynthesis because they do not have .

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dfgasgH7✂ 7 (a) Green plants that can make their own food through

photosynthesis are called . (b) are organisms that decompose

dead organisms into simple substances. Two examples of decomposers are and

.

8 (a) State the role of organisms in the food chain below.

Leaf ➞

Caterpillar ➞

Frog ➞

Snake

(b) If all the frogs in the food chain in (a) have been caught, predict what happens to the number of the following organisms.

(i) Leaf: (ii) Caterpillar: (iii) Snake:

9 Several food chains interlink to form a .

12 State the purposes (and observation) of the steps conducted in the experiment to test the presence of starch in the leaf. (a)

green leafleaf pieces

water

leaf pieces

(b)

Purpose:To remove

alcoholwater bath

Purpose:To kill the and break the

(c)

Purpose:To the leaf

hot water (d) white tile

iodine solution

Observation:The leaf becomes

10 Fill in the blanks with suitable words regarding the pyramid of numbers below.

Snake

Frog

Caterpillar

Leaf

From the base to the top

(a) The number of organisms

(b) The size of organisms

(c) energy is lost.

11 Fill in the blanks with suitable words regarding photosynthesis that occurs in green plants.

(a) + Water sunlight

chlorophyllGlucose(food)

+

(b)

(c) Function: To sunlight.

(d) Energy change that occurs in photosynthesis: energy → energy

(stored in food)

13 Fill in the blanks with correct words.

green plant

sodium hydroxide solution

(a) The green plant cannot

carry out photosynthesis because is not present.

(b) Sodium hydroxide solution functions to absorb

.

14 The experiment below shows that sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis.

green leaf

paperclip

black paper

plant

J

K

L

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1 The melting and freezing points of water is oC, and the boiling point of water is oC. 2 Impurities will the boiling point but the melting or freezing point of water. 3 Fill in the blanks with correct words regarding the electrolytic cell below.

+ _

(a) (b)

Distilled water (acidified with a little sulphuric acid)

(c) Positive electrode or

(d) Negative electrode or

(e) The ratio (volume of oxygen to hydrogen collected (O : H) = (f) Two elements that make up a water molecule are and .(g) Water can be separated into hydrogen and oxygen through .(h) Oxygen the glowing wooden splinter (a test for oxygen).(i) Hydrogen produces a with a wooden splinter ( a test for hydrogen).(j) Acid is added into distilled water to .

4 (a) The higher the surrounding temperature, the the rate of water evaporation.(b) The bigger the surface area, the the rate of water evaporation.(c) The higher the air humidity, the the rate of water evaporation.(d) The faster the air movement, the the rate of water evaporation.

Chapter 5

(a) Parts and contain starch at the end of the experiment.

(b) Variable that (i) is controlled (constant): Type of (ii) is manipulated: The presence of (iii) responds: The presence of

15 Complete the diagram of the oxygen and carbon cycles.

(b) (Plants)

(d) (Living things)

(a) Decomposition (c) (gas) (Microorganisms) gas

Combustion(Fuels)

16 (a) State two functions of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle.

(i) Supplies to animals (ii) Removes from the air(b) State four human activities that destroy the balance

of nature.

17 Name the gas that causes(a) global warming: (b) greenhouse effect: (c) acid rain: (d) depletion of ozone layer:

18 The best way to overcome the greenhouse effect is to plant more .

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dfgasgH9✂ 5 Name the processes and fill in the blanks.

(a) water

particles

water

(b)

water

Occurs at temperature

Only occurs at point

Occurs at the of water

Occurs the liquid

A process A process

6 Label the following substances with ‘solution’, ‘solvent’ or ‘solute’.

+

7 Fill in the blanks with ‘saturated’, ‘dilute’ or ‘concentrated’.(a)

solute (b) (c)

solution solution solution (has very little (has a lot of has the solute) solute) maximum amount of solute

8 is a universal solvent.

9 The liquid that has suspended substances in it is called a .

10 State four methods to increase the solubility of a big piece of coarse salt in water.

water

coarsesalt

(a) (b) (c) (d)

11 State the organic solvents which can be used to dissolve the following substances.

(a) Iodine: (b) Shellac: (c) Varnish: (d) Fresh paint: (e) Blood: (f) Grease: (g) Rust: (h) Chlorophyll:

12 State the organic solvents used in daily life.

Organic solvent Use

(a) To dilute paint

(b) To prepare shellac solution

(c) To stick plastic substances

(d) To dissolve iodine to prepare antiseptic

(e) To stick rubber sheets

13 Acids and alkalis only show their properties in the presence of .

14 (a) Acid changes the damp litmus paper to .

(b) Alkali changes the damp litmus paper to .

15 State three properties of acid and alkali.

Acid Alkali

(a) (d)

(b) (e)

(c) (f)

16 Fill in the blanks with suitable words.(a) Acid reacts with metals to release . Example: Hydrochloric acid + magnesium →

+ (salt) (gas)(b) Acid reacts with carbonates to release . Example: Sulphuric acid + calcium carbonate →

+ + water (salt) (gas)

17 Based on the pH value, fill in the blanks with ‘Acid’, ‘Alkali’ or ‘Neutral’.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

pHvalue

(a) (b) (c)

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18 is the reaction that occurs between an acid and an alkali to form salt and water. Acid + alkali → salt + water Example: Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid → +

19 Fill in the blanks with suitable words regarding the method of water purification.

(a)

(b)

muddy water

waterin

The water still contains and .

Pure water is obtained.

(c)

chlorinewater

water

(d)

heat

Microorganisms are .

The water still contains and substances.

20 (a) Complete the flow chart below to show the steps of the water purification process and state the functions.

P: Reservoir/dam

Q: tank

R: tank

T: tank

S: tank

U: tank

Storage tank

Part Function

P To allow the particles to to the bottom

Q and are added to coagulate suspended particles. also reduces water acidity.

R Mixes with water so that fine impurities form dirt particles.

S Big particles to to the bottom.

T Removes particles.

U is added to .

water out

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dfgasgH11✂(b) Sodium flouride is added in water at certain water purification plants to reduce .

21 State four types of water pollutants.

1 The collision of air particles with things on Earth produces .

2 Draw the arrow (→) to show the direction of air pressure that acts on the cardboard.

glass

water

cardboard

3 Draw the observation and fill in the blanks with correct words.

cold water

stopper

steam

water

metal can

heat

The air pressure in the metal can is than the air pressure outside the metal can.

4 Air pressure is influenced by the and the of gas.

5 The air pressure in a closed container will increase if the(a) number of gas particles . (b) volume of the container . (c) gas is .

6 Mark ‘H’ to show high pressure area and ‘L’ to show low pressure area.

(a) Syringe (b) Siphon

Chapter 6

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1 Based on the activities, state the effects of forces.

Activity Force can change the...

(a) Bending a ruler of an object.

(b) Pushing a stationary table of an object.

(c) Pushing a moving bicycle of an object.

(d) Pushing a moving ball at the right angles to the direction of motion

of a moving object.

2 State the types of force.(a) force is produced when two

surfaces rub against each other.(b) force is the force that

opposes motion.(c) force pulls objects towards

the Earth.(d) force is the attractive or

repulsive force exerted by magnets.(e) force is produced when

electrons move through a conductor.

3 (a) The rougher the surfaces in contact, the the frictional force acting on them.

(b) The heavier the object, the the frictional force acting on it.

(c) The magnitude of the frictional force is not affected by the .

4 Fill in the blanks with correct words.

springbalance

weight

(a) Force is measured using a

(b) Force is measured in the unit of

5 The wooden block is pulled on different surfaces in contact and the magnitude of the frictional force is recorded.

wooden block

Surface Reading of spring balance (N)

Table 4

Floor 6

Sand paper 7

(a) Draw the direction of friction using arrows in the diagram above.

(b) State the variables involved in this experiment.

Manipulated variable

Responding variable

Constant variable

(c) Drinking straw (d) Suction pump

dirt

7 Gas will change to liquid if it is or placed under .

Chapter 7

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dfgasgH13✂(c) Based on the reading in the table, draw a bar chart to

show the readings of the spring balance on different surfaces.

Rea

ding

of s

prin

g ba

lanc

e (N

) 10

8

6

4

2

0 Table Floor Sand paper

Surface

6 State one advantage and one disadvantage of friction.(a) Advantange: (b) Disadvantage:

7 State two methods to reduce friction.(a) Using (b) Adding

8 The unit of work done and power are and respectively.

9 State whether the work is done (‘D’) or not done (‘N’) for the following situations.(a) Sitting on the chair: (b) Pushing a table: (c) Washing a cloth: (d) Pressing the table: (e) Sleeping on the bed: (f) Pedalling a bicycle:

10 State two factors that affect the work done of an object. The and the that the object

moves over.

11 (a) A worker pulled a box over a distance of 10 m with a force of 8 N. Calculate the work done.

Work done = Force x Distance

Work done =

(b) A boy pushed a 5 kg table over a distance of 3 m. Calculate the work done. [g = 10 Nkg-1]

Work done =

1 Based on the given animals, state the way they gain support.

Invertebrate Supported by

(a) Spider, ant, grasshopper

(b) Caterpillar, earthworm, slug

(c) Squid, jellyfish, starfish

Vertebrate Supported by

(d) Rat, tiger, bird

(e) Whale, dolphin

2 Whales have very weak pelvic and pectoral girdles because they are supported by the .

3 Based on the given plants, state the way they gain support.

Plants Supported by

(a) Rambutan, durian trees

(b) Balsam plants, cabbage

(c) Bitter gourd, cucumber

(d) Rose, bouganvillea, rattan

(e) Water lily, Hydrilla

(f) Morning glory, long bean

(g) Maize plant, sugarcane

4 Label the structure in the cross-section of the aquatic plant’s stem and fill in the blanks with suitable words.(a)

(b) Aquatic plants have to enable

them to in water.

12 A student pushed a 100 N bicycle over a distance of 15 m in 5 s. Calculate the power generated by him.

Power = Force x Distance = Work done

Time Time

Power =

Chapter 8

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1 Identify the classes of lever.(a) Effort

Load

lever

1 is the point of equilibrium of an object.

2 (a) Mark ‘• c.g.’ for the centre of gravity of the shapesbelow.

(i) (ii) (iii)

(b) The of the object will determine the position of the centre of gravity.

3 State two factors that affect the stability of an object.(a) The (b) The

4 (a) The the centre of gravity, the stable the object.

(b) The the base area, the stable the object.

5 Fill in the blanks with the correct words.

(a)

PQ

(b)

R S

Object is more stable because the

of object is lower.

Object is more stable because the

of object is larger.

6 Giraffes spread out their legs while drinking water to lower the and to increase the .

7 The elephant and rhinoceros have big and short legs to lower their and to increase the

.

Chapter 9

Chapter 10

(b) Effort

Load

lever(c)

Effort

Load

lever

2 State the classes of lever based on the given information.

Class of lever Information

(a) Second The is located between the and the

(b) Third The is located between the and the

(c) First The is located between the and the

3 The force and the load act in opposite directions for the and class of levers.

4 Determine the classes of levers for the tools below. (First-class: ‘1’, second-class: ‘2’, third-class: ‘3’).(a) Crowbar: (b) Paper cutter: (c) Wheelbarrow: (d) Fishing rod: (e) Scissors: (f) Ice tongs: (g) Bottle opener: (h) Pliers:

5 What is the weight of the load if the effort exerted is 60 N?

[Load x distance of the load = Force x distance of the force]

Effort

Load

15 cm

20 cm

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