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ESS 315 – Tiffany Litz
Will lead to loss of $$$s.
Can lead to loss of lives.
Avoidable messes
Slopes are often located on coastal properties and offer beautiful views
Despite risks, houses in these areas will always be desired.
The Seattle area has many unstable slopes that are prone to movement and slides.
https://myapa.planning.org/Landslides/Images/Landslides_Animation.gifLandslide in an area that has a retaining
wall
Careful planning is necessary to find the best solution for each slope.
Creep - Slow and steady downward movement of a slope. Indicated by curved tree trunks, bent fences or retaining
walls, tilted poles or fences, and small soil ripples or ridges
Rockslide - Rock mass that suddenly detaches and falls from the top of a steep slope Causes = gravity or freeze/thaw action
Mudslide – Sudden flow of mud down a slope Occurs when soil becomes suddenly saturated (in storms,
snow thaw, floods, etc)
Earthflow – The upper section of a sloping water-soaked terrain that collapses, forming a tongue of land the length of the slope.
The effort to reduce the impact of land movement for people and their property. can be used to strengthen roads, bridges, and
other critical facilities. guide local decision makers in their involvement
with land use and development issues.
Four types:
Altering - Modifying the hazard involves eliminating or reducing the frequency of its occurrence. Stabilizing stream banks from continued erosion is an example.
Averting - Redirecting the impact away from a vulnerable location by using structural devices or land treatment can shield people and development from harm. Retaining walls and diverting runoff represent physical efforts implemented to keep the risk away from the people.
Adapting – Modifying structures and altering design standards of construction. Pre-identified landslide hazards require special building standards and construction practices in order to reduce vulnerability to damage.
Avoiding-- Keep people away from the hazard area or limit development in a risk area. Enforcement actions such as zoning regulations, building codes and ordinances are intended to restrict, limit or deny access to specially identified risk areas.
Terracing:
Retaining Wall
Mulching and Adding GroundcoverMulch protects against rain and wind, and reduces loss of
soil moisture during extended dry periods.
Soil Redistribution
Deflecting Wall
Shotcrete:reinforces the strength of the rockface
Drape Mesh:reinforces the strength of the rockface
http://www.terraerosion.com/projects/slope-stabilization.htm
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/sea/pubs/93-30/vege01.html
http://landslides.usgs.gov/recent/archives/1997seattle.php
http://extension.missouri.edu/publications/DisplayPub.aspx?P=G1509
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1396/1396.gif http://www.seattle.gov/DPD/Landslide/Study/
part1.asp http://faculty.washington.edu/tswanson/ESS/
315/Student%20PP%20Presentations/sloperemediation.ppt