Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

ERTC: Crude Flexibility, Sodium Reduction

and Amine Removal using Reactive Adjunct

Athens, Greece

13th-15th November 2017

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Agenda

• Role of effective crude desalting

• Reactive Adjunct Chemistry Development

• Reactive Adjunct – In the Lab

• Application Strategies

• Reactive Adjunct – In the Refinery

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Desalters are the 1st

line of defense

Remove water, salts, solids, amines & metals

Protect the crude unit

Maximize throughput

Maintain unit reliability

Enhance Crude Flexibility

Emulsion Breakers

• Multi-functional, engineered proprietary resins

• Developed for today’s crude challenges

• Demonstrated synergism with our Reactive Adjunct

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Importance of Rag Layer Removal

• Rag Layers hinder operation

– Water cannot come down into Brine • Contributes to increase in column

tower ΔP

• Increased energy consumption

– Oil cannot come into Crude

– Reduces crude availability to be processed • Reduction in overall ROI – waste

https://www.google.com/patents/US20130104772

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Brine Tryline #1 Oil Tryline #3 Tryline #2 Brine Tryline #1 Oil Tryline #3 Tryline #2

1st Stage of Desalter EB and Reactive Adjunct 2nd Stage of Desalter EB only, no reactive adjunct

Rag Layer Reduction with Reactive Adjunct

2 Stage Desalter, samples taken at same time

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Reactive Adjunct Desalter Chemistry

A new class of desalter chemistry (patent pending)

• Applied with emulsion breaker

• Provides step change improvement in desalting efficiencies

• Expands use of economically-advantaged opportunity crudes

• Reduces risk of overhead corrosion

• Improves existing wastewater treatment operations

• Offers a low cost, no capital expansion of existing desalting capacity

Desalter Efficiency

Crude Flexibility

Amine Removal

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Lab simulation – what do we see?

Reactive Adjunct applied at low dosage

Faster emulsion resolution for most API crude slates (14° to 40°)

Boosts emulsion breaker performance on tough blends and when processing slop

Especially beneficial in assets operated beyond design capacities

Blank

2ppm RA 1ppm RA

EB only

Blank EB @ 10 ppm EB with 1 ppm

(32°API Blend) Reactive Adjunct

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

How Amines accumulate in system

Amine and Ammonia Cycle Crude Partitioning

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Amine Removal Strategy

This approach uses a high Reactive Adjunct dosage

What it Does

• Converts amines and ammonia to water-soluble imines

• Removes metals as non-scaling species

• By-products remain in the water

• Easy brine pH control (5.5 to 6.5)

Operating benefits

• Breaks the amine cycle without acid

• Avoids the safety risks of acid use

• Returns pH control in the Crude Tower Overhead

• Reduces corrosion risk

• Improves Waster water Treatment Plant operation

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Poll Question

Poll Question: In Desalter operations which is the most troublesome for your refinery?

A) High wash water pH

B) Oil Under-Carry

C) Water Carry-Over

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Case History 1: Small US Gulf Coast Refinery

Desalting Efficiency

Situation

• Heavy Canadian and local crudes (<18° API)

• High pH wash water (8+)

• High salts / high solids

• Excessive oil under-carry at the desalter

Evaluation

• 14-day EB and RA trial

• Focus on desalter performance

• Reduced slop make critical

Results

Comparable salt removal

Minimal oil under-carry

Substantially reduced program cost

24 hours later

Existing Program 35ppm EB

New Program 15ppm EB 1ppm RA

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Case History 2 - 200 MBPD Asian Refinery

Desalting Efficiency

Situation • Opportunity Crude blend (24 to 29° API) • Processing 2% slop • Operating at 15% over design rates • High pH wash water (>8.7) • Stabilized emulsions issues

Evaluation • 15-day Reactive Adjunct low-dosage trial • Focus on desalter performance

Results Efficiency increased from 91% to 93% Salt Out reduced by 25% Oil under-carry reduced by 56%

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Case History 3 : 125 MBPD US Gulf Coast Refinery

Amine Removal

Situation

• Opportunity Crude Blend (28-30° API)

• High pH wash water (8+)

• High ammonia/amine content in SSW and crude tramp amines

• Desalter performance issues

• CTOH temperature limits due to amine salt corrosion history

Evaluation

• 21-day Reactive Adjunct trial

• Focus on amine/ammonia removal and CTOH impact

• No-harm focus at WWTP

Results

Wash water pH dropped to <7

Brine pH maintained at 7 to 7.5

10°C reduction in controlling CTOH salt point temperature

No impact at WWTP

Ammonia/ Amine Salt of

Reduction in Salt Point (oC)

NH3 10

MEA 20

MDEA 9

DMEA 10

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Case History 4 - 25 MBPD US Gulf Coast Refinery

Amine Removal

Crude Tower OH Baseline RA Trial

Ammonia 70 ppm 9 ppm

MEA 75 ppm 29 ppm

Chlorides 52 ppm 14 ppm

Ammonia salt point Reduced by 23°C

MEA salt point Reduced by 15°C

Desalter Parameter Baseline RA Trial

Wash Water MEA 75 ppm 10 ppm

Wash Water Ammonia 150 ppm 7 ppm

Brine pH 8.4 6.0

Solids Removal 29% 53%

Salt Removal 88% 91%

Metals Removal 63% 75%

Situation • Heavy Crude blend (<18° API) • High pH wash water (>8.7) • Oil under-carry issues limit desalting efficiencies • High CTOH amine levels and corrosion concerns

Evaluation • Reactive Adjunct high-dosage trial • Amine removal focus

Results Improved pH control in CTOH Significant amine/NH3 reduction in CTOH Substantial salt point temperature reductions Improvement in desalting performance

Innovation isn’t just what we do. It’s who we are.

Reactive Adjunct

A new class of desalting chemistry

Questions?