Eramurra Marine Environmental Pre-Feasibility Report

CLIENT: Leichhardt Industrials

STATUS: Rev 0 REPORT No.: R1800077

ISSUE DATE: 14th November 2018

Eramurra Industrial Salt Project Marine Environmental Pre-Feasibility Study

ii Leichhardt Industrials

Eramurra Industrial Salt Project

18WAU-0014 R1800077

Important Note

This report and all its components (including images, audio, video, text) is copyright. Apart from fair

dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright

Act 1968, no part may be reproduced, copied, transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic,

mechanical or graphic) without the prior written permission of O2 Marine.

This report has been prepared for the sole use of the Leichhardt Industrials Pty Ltd (herein, ‘the client’),

for a specific site (herein ‘the site’, the specific purpose specified in Section 1 of this report (herein ‘the

purpose’). This report is strictly limited for use by the client, to the purpose and site and may not be

used for any other purposes.

Third parties, excluding regulatory agencies assessing an application in relation to the purpose, may

not rely on this report. O2 Marine waives all liability to any third-party loss, damage, liability or claim

arising out of or incidental to a third-party publishing, using or relying on the facts, content, opinions or

subject matter contained in this report.

O2 Marine waives all responsibility for loss or damage where the accuracy and effectiveness of

information provided by the Client or other third parties was inaccurate or not up to date and was relied

upon, wholly or in part in reporting.

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WA Marine Pty Ltd t/as O2 Marine ACN 168 014 819

Originating Office – Southwest

Suite 5, 18 Griffin Drive, Dunsborough WA 6281

T 1300 739 447 | [email protected]

Version Register

Version Status Author Reviewer Change from

Previous Version

Authorised for Release

(signed and dated)

Rev A Draft M Donda C Lane C Lane 2/10/2018

Rev0 Final M. Donda T. Hurley T Hurley 13/11/2018

Transmission Register

Controlled copies of this document are issued to the persons/companies listed below. Any copy of this

report held by persons not listed in this register is deemed uncontrolled. Updated versions of this report

if issued will be released to all parties listed below via the email address listed.

Name Email Address

Phil Scott [email protected]

iv Leichhardt Industrials


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Table of Contents

1. Introduction 6

Eramurra Industrial Salt Project 6

Project Marine Elements 9

2. Desktop Review 12

Features of Conservation Significance (Marine) 12

Existing Marine Environment 14

3. Marine Environmental Reconnaissance Survey 27

Survey Objectives 27

Survey Methods 27

Survey Findings 28

4. Environmental Factors (Sea Theme) 37

Preliminary Environmental Factors 37

5. Key Findings & Recommendations 43

Conclusions 43

Recommendations 44

6. References 47

Figures

Figure 1 Eramurra Industrial Salt Project Location (Source: Preston 2018) 6

Figure 2 Eramurra Industrial Salt Project area (Source: Preston 2018) 8

Figure 3 Preliminary Marine Infrastructure Options 11

Figure 4 Towed video survey locations and observed BCH 32

Tables

Table 1 Features of conservation significance protected through commonwealth government legislation 12

Table 2 Features of conservation significance protected through state legislation 13

Table 3 Marine Mammal species likely to occur in the Project area. 19

Table 4 Marine Reptile species likely to occur in the Project area. 21

Table 5 Marine Sharks and Ray species likely to occur in the Project area. 23

Table 6 Marine Migratory and other listed marine species likely to occur in the Project area. 24

Table 7 Broad benthic habitat type and cover categories 27

Table 8 Description of broad subtidal BCH classes observed during the towed video survey 29

Table 9 Description of broad intertidal BCH classes observed during the aerial survey 34

Table 10 Preliminary Assessment Against ‘Sea Theme’ Environmental Factors 38

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Appendices

Appendix A Database Searches A

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Leichhardt Industrials Eramurra Industrial Salt Project

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1. Introduction


Leichhardt Industrials Pty Ltd (Leichhardt) is proposing to develop the Eramurra Industrial Salt Project

(the Project), a salt production and export operation in the Cape Preston East area. The Project will

produce salt for export to the Asian chemical markets. The Project area is located approximately

55 kilometres (km) west-south-west of Karratha in the Pilbara region of Western Australia (WA; Figure

1).

Figure 1 Eramurra Industrial Salt Project Location (Source: Preston 2018)

The Proposal is a solar salt project that will utilise seawater and natural solar evaporation processes to

produce a concentrated salt product. A production rate of up to 4 Million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) is

being targeted. To meet this production, the following infrastructure will be developed:

Seawater intake, pump station and pipeline;

Concentrator ponds totalling approximately 2,700 hectares (ha);

Pre-crystalliser and crystalliser ponds, totalling approximately 2,500 ha;

Drainage channels and bunds;

Process Plant and dewatering facilities;

Desalination plant;

Bitterns disposal pipeline and outfall;

Power supply and power lines;

Pumps, pipelines and roads;

Groundwater bores;

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Accommodation camp;

Administration buildings;

Workshops;

Laydown areas;

Communications facilities;

A subsea pipeline and offshore export facility; and

Other associated infrastructure.

The Proposal will produce salt products according to the following process:

Seawater will be pumped into the first concentrator pond before undergoing progressive

concentration by solar evaporation as it flows through successive concentrator ponds;

The saturated brine will be pumped into pre-crystalliser and finally crystalliser ponds where

further evaporation occurs, and salt is deposited onto a pre-formed base of salt;

Bitterns will be pumped and disposed of via an ocean outfall (approximately 8 GLpa) at, or en-

route, to the selected port option; and

Salt will be removed from the drained crystalliser ponds by mechanical harvesters and

stockpiled adjacent to the processing facilities.

Salt will be exported by pumping the salt as a slurry to the Cape Preston East Port land (Figure 2),

where a small pumping station will continue pumping through a subsea pipeline to an offshore port

facility. Two port facility options are included in the Proposal:

A mooring and umbilicus for slurry / brine return serviced by one or more vessels fitted with

centrifuges for extracting and washing salt, and a loader conveyor;

A constructed offshore wharf (approximately 200 x 200 m) based on a pylon platform. Fitted

with centrifuges for extracting & washing salt, and ship loading system and all required services.

The port facility will be located in approximately 15 m of water where a dredge channel will not be

required (Figure 2). The port options together with the other marine elements of the Project are

described briefly in Section 1.2.

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Figure 2 Eramurra Industrial Salt Project area (Source: Preston 2018)

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Project Marine Elements

The Marine elements of the Project, as assessed in this Report, will comprise the following:

Seawater Intake – Seawater intake is proposed to occur during high tides and will include extraction

of approximately 8 GLpa. Four seawater intake location options were considered (Figure 3), located

at:

Intake Option 1 – Gnoorea Point Boat Ramp;

Intake Option 2 – Pelican Point;

Intake Option 3 – Barndar Creek; and

Intake Option 4 – Pimbyana Creek

Option 2 has since been eliminated in consideration of an Aboriginal Heritage site.

Export Facility – Four port options were considered. These options are outlined briefly below and

shown in Figure 3:

Port Option 1 – Dedicated Ship Fleet: Comprised of a mooring & umbilicus for slurry / brine

return, power, fresh water from shore. A fleet of 4 x dedicated Handimax / Panamax ships fitted

with centrifuges for extracting & washing salt, and a loader conveyor;

Port Option 2 – Converted Cape Sized OR custom barge floating processing, stockpile & wharf:

Self-powered, reverse osmosis (RO) freshwater & power generation. Comprised of a mooring

& umbilicus for slurry / brine return. Fitted with centrifuges for extracting & washing salt, and

ship loading system;

Port Option 3 – Wharf Island (200 x 200 m) – Constructed from a pylon platform. Receives salt

slurry via pipeline for centrifuge & salt stockpile. Comprised of diesel power generator 1.5 Mw,

RO freshwater plant, fuel storage, water storage and ship loading system; and

Port Option 4 – Dredge Channel & Wharf Island (200 x 200 m): Constructed either from dredged

spoils OR a pylon platform. Receives salt slurry via pipeline for centrifuge & salt stockpile.

Comprised of diesel power generator 1.5 Mw, RO freshwater plant, fuel storage, water storage

and ship loading system.

Option 4 has since been eliminated due to environmental and economic considerations.

Waste Bitterns Outfall – Discharge of approximately 8 GLpa year of waste bitterns is required to

dispose of waste by-products derived during salt processing. Two location options are initially

proposed. These options are outlined briefly below and shown in Figure 3:

Bitterns Option 1 – Discharge of waste bitterns at location of Port Options 1, 2 & 3; and

Bitterns Option 2 - Discharge of waste bitterns into tidal creek. Discharge to only occur during

ebb tide conditions.

Bitterns Option 2 has since been eliminated due to environmental considerations.

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Objectives

Liechardt commissioned preliminary environmental investigations and desktop review to support pre-

feasibility assessment and minimise the environmental footprint of the Proposal. O2 Marine was

engaged to review the marine environmental aspects of the Proposal. The specific objectives of this

report are to:

Identify features of conservation significance relevant to the Project area;

Broadly characterise the marine environment and identify key environmental factors for the

Project;

Inform of any potential impacts associated with marine aspects of the Project which may be

considered environmentally unacceptable by regulatory authorities; and

Provide recommendations regarding design considerations and likely marine environmental

studies.

It is noted that the scope of works defined to O2 Marine requires an assessment of the marine ecological

aspects of the Project only. However, during searches there are overlaps with other scopes including

social values as undertaken by Preston for the Project and terrestrial ecological aspects as evaluated

by Phoenix Environmental.

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Figure 3 Preliminary Marine Infrastructure Options

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2. Desktop Review

Features of Conservation Significance (Marine)

Key features of conservation significance located within and/or adjacent to the Project area that are

protected through Commonwealth and State government legislation have been identified through

desktop review and are presented in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.

Provisions for protection of these features of conservation significance are made within the following

legislation:

Commonwealth Legislation

• Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act); and • Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976 (HS Act).

State Legislation

• Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act); • Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act); • Maritime Archaeology Act 1973 (MA Act); and • Heritage of Western Australian Act 1990 (HWA Act).

Table 1 Features of conservation significance protected through commonwealth government legislation

Item Description

World Heritage Area (WHA)

The Project area is not located within or adjacent to any WHA.

The nearest WHA is approximately 206 km south (The Ningaloo Coast) and there is no apparent risk to the Ningaloo WHA from this Project.

National Heritage Place (NHP)

The Project area is not located within an NHP. However, the Project area lies approximately 20 km south from the Dampier Archipelago (including Burrup Peninsula) NHP.

The Dampier Archipelago is home to one of the most exciting collections of rock art in Australia and provides considerable insight into indigenous heritage in the region (DoEE 2007). It is considered a sacred place to indigenous Australians and is also home to many important native plants, animals and habitats and the underlying rocks are amongst the oldest on earth.

The nature of the Project activities are such that it is extremely unlikely that the Project would pose a threat to the heritage values of the Dampier Archipelago NHP. Therefore, consultation with Department of Environment and Energy (DoEE) regarding this matter is not considered to be warranted.

RAMSAR Wetland The Project area is not located within or adjacent to any RAMSAR Wetlands of International Importance. The nearest RAMSAR Wetland is 383 km North (Eighty-Mile Beach) and therefore the Project poses no immediate risk.

Commonwealth Marine Reserve (CMR)

The Project area is not located within a CMR.

The nearest CMR to the Project area is Montebello CMR, which is located approximately 68 km West of the Project area and the Dampier Marine Reserve which is approximately 82 km North of the Project area. It is therefore unlikely that the project would pose a threat to the conservation and values of the nearest Marine Reserve. As such, consultation with DoEE regarding this matter is warranted.

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Item Description

EPBC Act Listed Species

The EPBC Act Protected Matters Search Tool (PMST) (Appendix 1) was used with a 10 km buffer to identify EPBC Act Listed species which are protected as ‘Matters of National Environmental Significance’ (MNES) and have the potential to occur within the Project area. These Included:

• 9 Bird species (3x Critically Endangered (CE), 4X Endangered (E) & 2x Vulnerable (V);

• 6 Mammal species (2x E & 4x V);

• 8 Reptile species (1x CE, 2x E & 5x V);

• 5 Shark species (5x V);

• 6 Migratory Marine Bird species (1x E);

• 19 Migratory Marine species (3x E & 8x V);

• 3x Migratory Terrestrial species;

11x Migratory Wetlands Species (2x CE & 1X E)Complete species list provided in Appendix 1. Appendix 1 also identified numerous other EPBC Act listed species which have the potential to occur in the Project area and are protected as ‘Other Matters Protected by the EPBC Act’.

Given that several of the EPBC Act listed species are known to occur in the Project area and may be impacted by Project activities, referral of the Project to the DoEE in accordance with the EPBC Act is considered to be warranted.

Threatened Ecological Communities (TEC)

The EPBC Act PMST (Appendix 1) did not identify any TEC that may be likely to occur within a 10 km buffer area of the Project.

Shipwrecks There are no shipwreck sites in the vicinity of the Project area. The nearest known shipwreck is located 34 km north within the Dampier Archipelago.

Table 2 Features of conservation significance protected through state legislation

Item Description

Marine Park The Project area is not located within or adjacent to any Marine Park. The nearest marine Park is the Ningaloo Marine Park which is located approximately 300 km south of the Project area.

However, a Marine Park and Management Area has been proposed for the Dampier Archipelago and Cape Preston area. Stakeholder consultation with the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA)regarding potential impacts on the values of the proposed marine park commenced during the preparation of this report and will continue to be undertaken during planning and approvals for the Project.

Conservation Park / Nature Reserve

The Project area is located immediately adjacent to the Pilbara Inshore Islands Nature Reserve, which include South West Regnard island and North East Regnard Island. These islands a part of a chain of inshore islands which extend from Cape Preston to the Exmouth Gulf.

These islands are considered important breeding and resting places for migratory and resident shorebirds and seabirds, and marine turtles. The islands are recognized as Nature reserves which are protected and managed by DBCA.

Given the proximity of the Project Area to these two islands, stakeholder consultation with DBCA regarding potential impacts on the conservation values of the island commenced during preparation of this report and will continue to be, undertaken during planning and approvals for the Project.

Regionally Significant Mangrove Area (EPA 2001)

The Project area lies within and adjacent to the Cape Preston and the Maitland River Delta

‘regionally significant mangroves that occur inside industrial areas’ (EPA 2001). These mangrove

stands occur on the western and eastern extents of the Project area, respectively. The EPA's

operational objective for these areas is that:

“No development should take place that would significantly reduce the mangrove habitat or

ecological function of the mangroves in these areas.”

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Item Description

Fish Habitat Protection Area (FHPA)

The Project area is not located within or adjacent to any FHPA.

The nearest FHPA is located over 500 km from the Project area (i.e. Point Quobba). Therefore, the Project is not expected to result in impact to any FHPA.

Conservation Significant Marine Fauna Species

A NatureMap database search was used to identify conservation significant fauna species protected under the BC Act (2016) within a 15 km radius of the Project area, which have been

previously recorded within the Project area (Latitude 2050’24” S, Longitude 11620’44” S). They Include:

• 97 Bird Species (15x Protected under International Agreement (IA), 4x Rare or likely to become extinct (T), 1x other specifically protected fauna & 1x Priority 4 (P4));

• 47 Invertebrate species (6x endemic to area);

• 12 Mammal species (2x Naturalised, 1x Rare or likely to become extinct, 1x Priority 4 (P4);

• 29 Reptile species (3x Rare or likely to become extinct).

Complete species list is provided in Appendix 2. Potential impacts to conservation significant

fauna species (i.e. marine fauna and shorebirds) from Project activities is considered possible.

Potential impacts on conservation significant fauna species or their habitat warrants referral of

the Project to the EPA in accordance with Part IV of the EP Act.

Existing Marine Environment

2.2.1. Benthic Communities and Habitat

The benthic communities and habitat (BCH) of the Dampier Archipelago and Cape Preston area are

well described in the indicative management plan for the proposed marine management area (CALM

2005).

The Pilbara coastline predominately consists of systems of barrier islands and associated protected

lagoons that support mangrove communities as well as offshore limestone reefs and small islands that

supports coral, seagrass and filter feeder communities. Bottom sediments differentiate habitats, with

the nearshore zone characterised by muddy substrates derived from land run-off, transitioning to sandy

substrate on the tidally dominated mid-shelf, and then to finer sands and muds of biogenic origin in

deeper water. Mangroves, sponge, benthic algae and coral reef communities are just some of the BCH

found in the region (DEP & CSIRO, 2002). The distribution of marine benthic habitats in the Cape

Preston region has been previously mapped by CALM (2000), Campey & Gilmour (2000), Maunsell

(2006), URS (2007) and GHD (2013).

Subtidal Benthic Communities and Habitat

The subtidal habitats of the Cape Preston area are mainly comprised of algae dominated limestone

pavement (including low % coral and filter feeder cover), sand veneered limestone pavement, seagrass

and bare sand/silt.

Corals

The coral reef communities are generally in good condition with disturbance limited to coral

communities within the Cape Preston Port. The highest diversity and density of corals within the Project

area is located around the barrier islands (Northeast and South West Regnard Islands) and on a

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limestone pavement reef surrounding Cape Preston. Large isolated bommies (Porities sp.) are also

located in the protected lee of Southwest Regnard Island.

The marine management area is known to have a high diversity of hard corals (CALM 2005). This high

diversity is likely attributed to the variety of substrates and oceanographic conditions within the

proposed reserve, where conditions range from exposed reefs with high wave action, clear water and

low sediment deposition rates on the seaward coasts of the outer islands, to the sheltered areas further

inshore with high sediment deposition rates and turbid waters (CALM 2005). Coral communities within

this area support a wide variety of marine life including sponges, sea stars, sea urchins, crustaceans,

molluscs, gastropods, worms and fishes.

Potential pressures on coral communities in the Project area include physical disturbance, nutrients,

toxicants, introduced pests, increased suspended sediments/ sedimentation and elevated water

temperatures.

Macroalgal and seagrass communities

Macroalgae (seaweeds) dominate submerged limestone reefs and grow on stable rubble and boulder

surfaces in the Dampier Archipelago and Cape Preston area. These communities are most commonly

found on shallow limestone pavements in depths less than 10 m and can provide important nursery

grounds for juvenile fish (CALM 2005). Low relief limestone reefs which are dominated by macroalgae

and turf algae account for 17% of the major marine habitats within the proposed marine management

area (CALM 2005).

Seagrasses provide important habitat and food for turtles, dugongs, mollusc, sea urchins, sea stars,

sea cucumbers, crabs and fishes. Seagrass occurs in the larger bays and sheltered flats of the region

and six species of seagrass are present on the subtidal soft sediment habitats (CALM 2005, Campey

& Gilmour 2000). The area between West Intercourse Island and Cape Preston is recognised as one

of the most important areas of seagrass in the region (CALM 2005).

The macroalgal and seagrass communities are generally in an undisturbed condition, apart from

localised disturbance surrounding Cape Preston Port. Potential pressures on these communities in the

project area include physical disturbance, nutrients, toxicants, increased TSS, sedimentation and

elevation in water temperature.

Subtidal soft-bottom communities

Subtidal soft-bottom communities consist of silt or sand and comprise 57% of the major marine habitats

of the proposed Dampier Archipelago and Cape Preston area. These communities are typically bare,

but may have seasonal vegetation or permanent patches of seagrass, macroalgae or filter feeders.

Silt habitats occur in the sheltered areas nearshore, while sand occurs more offshore. Soft-bottom

communities often support a rich variety of infauna that live in the substrate such as polychaete worms,

molluscs and crustaceans. They also support surface dwellers that live above or on the substrate such

as flathead, rays, flounder, crabs, bivalve molluscs, gastropods or sea snails, sea urchins and sea stars.

Inhabitants may also include filter feeding invertebrates such as sponges, corals, sea whips and sea

squirts.

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The subtidal soft-bottom communities are generally in an undisturbed condition. Potential pressures on

subtidal soft bottom communities include physical disturbance, toxicants, nutrients, turbidity, bitterns

discharge and discharge of higher temperature water from desalination.

Intertidal Benthic Communities and Habitat

The intertidal BCH of the Project area is predominately salt marsh, mangal, sand, sand/mudflats with

associated filter feeder communities, algae dominated limestone pavement and sand/rubble veneered

limestone pavement. Yanare River and Maitland River supply silt to surrounding intertidal areas.

Shallow intertidal coral reef communities are also present around Southwest Regnard and Northeast

Regnard Islands.

Mangrove communities

Six species of mangrove are found within the vicinity of the Project area and the mangroves in this area

are generally considered to be in pristine condition. The Project area lies within and adjacent to the

designated Cape Preston and the Maitland River Delta ‘Regionally Significant’ mangrove areas (EPA

2001), which are located on the western and eastern extent of the Project area, respectively.

The mangrove communities in this area are considered to be of great ecological and economic

importance, supporting a varied number of organisms such as snails, crabs, shrimps, oysters,

barnacles, fish and birds. Physical disturbance, pollution (particularly oil), dust and litter are potential

pressures on all intertidal BCH (CALM 2005).

Intertidal sand and mudflat communities

Intertidal sand and mudflat communities cover 14% of the Dampier and Cape Preston area occurring

in sheltered, relatively low energy marine environments that result in depositional conditions. These

communities occur along most of the coastline of the region. The intertidal sand and mudflat

communities are extremely important from a biodiversity conservation perspective because of the high

diversity of infauna (particularly molluscs) that live within the substrate of these habitats (CALM 2005).

The intertidal sand and mudflat communities are generally in an undisturbed condition, apart from some

localised disturbance. Although typically bare of vegetation, these areas are often covered with a

surface film of micro-organisms that are a rich source of food for the high diversity of invertebrates they

support. This includes bivalve shells, lamp shells or brachiopods, worms, crabs and sea urchins. The

abundance of invertebrate life found on intertidal sand and mudflat communities provides a valuable

food source for larger fish and other organisms which swim over the area at high tide, as well as resident

and migratory shorebirds (CALM 2005). Potential pressures on intertidal sand and mudflat communities

are physical disturbance, toxicants, nutrients, Fishing, Dust and commercial harvest.

Rocky shore communities

The rocky shore communities comprise approximately 40% of the shoreline habitats of the Dampier

and Cape Preston area. Sedimentary limestone rocky shores consist of low cliffs formed by a

combination of wave attack, biological erosion, undercutting and rock falls, and often have intertidal

platforms associated with them.

The large tidal range within the Project area results in pronounced horizontal zonation of plants and

animals such as oysters, barnacles, crabs and molluscs. In areas of low wave action, such as the east

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coasts of the barrier islands, platforms are often covered by a layer of mud or sand. In more exposed

areas, platforms are covered with an algal turf and corals may grow on the outer edges. This habitat

supports a myriad of marine animals, whose distribution is controlled by the action of the tides. Bivalve

shells, snails, crabs, worms and small fish can seek refuge from desiccation in shallow rock pools at

low tide, while larger fish and other marine animals come in to feed on these organisms when the tide

is high. The abundance of invertebrate life on rocky shores provides a valuable food source for

shorebirds and contributes significantly to the biological diversity of the proposed reserves (CALM

2005).

The rocky shore communities of the region are typically in an undisturbed condition.

2.2.2. Coastal Processes

The Project area experiences meso- to macro-tidal variation (ranging from 0.5 – 5 m), with the episodic

effect of severe tropical cyclones during December to April (Eliot et al. 2013).

Dominant wave direction in the Project area is west-north-west and is generated from refracted

Southern Ocean swells, monsoonal activity and tropical cyclones. Typical oceanic swell heights are 1-

2 m with swells of between 5-20 m possible during cyclonic events. However, the barrier islands in the

Project area and the adjacent Dampier Archipelago offer significant protection from waves and the wave

energy is often dissipated before reaching the coastline (Eliot et al. 2013).

The Project area has been broadly characterised as a floodplain coast, with Eramurra Creek, McKay

Creek, Devil Creek and Yanyare River debouching into Regnard Bay (Eliot et al. 2013). The coast is

perched on an extensive subtidal rock platform, with relict emergent features providing chains of barrier

island and headland control for Forty Mile Beach and Gnoorea (Eliot et al. 2013). The Maitland and

Yanyare Rivers provide episodic sediment supply with net longshore sediment transport north and

south, respectively. The coastal area encompasses outwash plains, basins and tidal creeks with

interaction between coastal and fluvial processes (Stul et al. 2014).

The Cape Preston Port, located southwest of the Project area, is a large breakwater, that is built upon

an existing basalt rock formation. The Port represents a dominant feature on the coastline, as it provides

a sharp change in coastal orientation to the coasts to both the east and west. Sediment supply to the

Project area is largely from west to east, with intermittently high but more commonly low sediment

supply from the Fortescue River, bypassing around Cape Preston. However, the Cape Preston Port

forms a major accretive feature on the southwest side of the Cape, with sand shoals to the east

(adjacent to the Project area) indicating only very occasional bypassing. The low-lying nature of the

Eramurra Creek floodplain suggests that a limited amount of bypassed material enters western Regnard

Bay, with the majority of sediment anticipated to travel along the steep coastal contours between Cape

Preston and North East Regnard Island (Stul et al. 2014).

Potential pressures on coastal processes include infrastructure that alters longshore current patterns

or tidal flows or removal of coastline protection communities (e.g. mangroves).

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2.2.3. Marine Environmental Quality

Water Quality

Marine water quality over much of the Pilbara region is regarded as of high quality, relatively undisturbed

and essential to the maintenance of a healthy ecosystem. The broad oceanographic processes and the

nature of water circulation in the region influence transport, dispersal and mixing of sediment, biota and

pollutants and consequently the water quality of the area. Nearshore water movements and mixing

patterns in the Project area are driven primarily by large tidal ranges, local currents and winds, but are

also influenced by seabed topography and the steering effect of islands and reefs (CALM 2005).

Potential pressures on water quality are discharge of pollutants (nutrients and toxicants) into the water,

construction activities generating elevated turbidity and suspended sediment (i.e. trench excavation or

rock dumping for pipelines), disturbance of acid sulfate soils and the risk of accidental spillage of

toxicants and nutrients.

In accordance with the State Water Quality Management Strategy Environmental Quality Management

Framework (EQMF), the Department of Environment (DoE) consulted with relevant stakeholder groups

across the Pilbara in 2006 to establish Environmental Values (EVs) and Environmental Quality

Objectives (EQOs) and assign appropriate Levels of Ecological Protection for Pilbara Coastal Waters.

This process has since been refined and described in EPA’s Technical Guidance for Protecting the

Marine Environmental Quality of Western Australia (EPA 2016). Marine coastal waters in the Project

area are assigned a High Level of Ecological Protection (LEP), with the proposed South West Regnard

Island conservation zone assigned a Maximum LEP.

In accordance with EPA (2016), Maximum LEP areas are not permitted any detectable change in

ecosystem processes, biodiversity, abundance and biomass of marine life and the quality of water,

biota and sediment. Small detectable changes in water and/or sediment quality beyond limits of natural

variation are permitted for High LEP areas, provided that there is no resultant effect on biota. These

designations have implications for permitted activities such as waste bitterns discharges.

Sediment Quality

Except for areas of high shipping activity (e.g. in the Dampier and Cape Preston Ports), the sediment

quality of the Dampier Archipelago and Cape Preston region is generally in an undisturbed condition

(CALM 2005). The current major pressure on sediment quality in the vicinity of the Project area is from

shipping activity, pollution and mobilisation of contaminated sediments through dredging and waste

discharges.

Maintaining high sediment quality is important for the maintenance of healthy ecosystems, as such the

EPA (2016) guidance for protecting marine environmental quality is also applicable to sediment quality.

As discussed previously, the Project area is afforded a High LEP with the proposed South West

Regnard Island conservation zone assigned a Maximum LEP. These designations have implications

for permitted activities such as waste bitterns discharges.

2.2.4. Marine Fauna

The marine waters within and adjacent to the Project area support a variety of fauna, several of which

are listed as being of conservation significance and protected under the Commonwealth EPBC Act

and/or State BC Act.

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A search of the online EPBC Act PMST and DBCA NatureMap databases identified 18 listed threatened

marine species that may occur in the Project area.

Likelihood of Occurrence Assessment

A likelihood of occurrence assessment was undertaken of the listed threatened marine species

identified through desktop review. These searches were specific to within 15 km from the identified

Project area.

The likelihood of occurrence assessment is presented in Table 3 for marine mammals, Table 4 for

marine reptiles and Table 5 for marine sharks and rays. Other marine migratory and marine listed (not

threatened) species that were recorded in searches and literature review are identified in Table 6.

Table 3 Marine Mammal species likely to occur in the Project area.

Species Name EPBC Act Status

WC Act Status

IUCN Status

Habitat Preference Likelihood of Occurrence

Balaenoptera musculus Blue Whale

E, C EN EN The blue whale is a cosmopolitan species, found in all oceans except the Arctic, but absent from some regional seas such as the Mediterranean, Okhotsk and Bering seas. Blue whales feed almost exclusively on krill, with a variety of species being taken by different blue whale populations. They feed both at the surface and also at depth, following the diurnal vertical migrations of their prey to at least 100 m. The migration patterns of blue whales are not well understood, but appear to be highly diverse. (Reilly et al., 2008)

Low potential to occur Records of this species in Cape Preston / Dampier Archipelago region. Little is known about their distribution, populations or behaviours although unlikely to occur in water depths of 15 m (Iron Ore Holdings 2013).

Dugong dugong Dugong

MM OS VU Dugongs undertake long-distance movements, which means Australia shares populations with other neighbouring countries. In Australia, dugongs occur in the shallow coastal waters of northern Australia from the Queensland/New South Wales border in the east to Shark Bay on the Western Australian coast. They are also found in other parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans in warm shallow seas in areas where seagrass is found.

Known to occur The species is commonly sighted in the Cape Preston area. Expected to be present due to distribution and key habitat (seagrass) present (Iron Ore Holdings 2013).

Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback Whale

V, M CD LC Humpback whales utilising Australian waters currently have tropical calving grounds along the mid and northern parts of the east and west coasts of Australia, with feeding

Known to occur Records of this specie in Cape Preston/Dampier Archipelago area. Typically occur further offshore (>35 km) particularly on the

http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=36





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WC Act Status

IUCN Status


grounds in the Southern Ocean. Most humpbacks in Australian waters migrate north to tropical calving grounds in the Pilbara and Kimberley coasts from June to August, and south to the Southern Ocean feeding areas from September to November. The migratory habitat for the humpback whale around mainland Australia is primarily coastal waters less than 200 m in depth and generally within 20 km of the coast.

northern migration, although some whales often with calves will stay close to shore in <10m during southern migration (i.e. September).

Eubalaena australis Southern Right Whale

E, MM, C VU LC In Australian coastal waters, southern right whales occur along the southern coastline including Tasmania, generally as far north as Sydney on the east coast and Perth on the west coast. There are occasional occurrences further north, with the extremities of their range recorded as Hervey Bay (25°00’S, 152°50’E) and Exmouth (22°23’S, 114°07’E).

Low potential to occur The species has not been recorded in the region (no records from desktop searches), however is likely to occur in the area but little is known about their distribution, populations or behaviours (Iron Ore Holdings 2013).

Sousa sahulensis Australian humpback dolphin

MM, C P4 NT In Australia, Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphins are known to occur along the northern coastline, extending to Exmouth Gulf on the west coast (25° S), and the Queensland/NSW border region on the east coast (34° S) (Corkeron et al. 1997). There are few records between the Gulf of Carpentaria in the north and Exmouth Gulf in the west, this is probably due to a lack of research effort and the remoteness of the area (Bannister et al. 1996; Parra et al. 2002).

High potential to occur Dolphin populations recently recorded during research projects between Exmouth Gulf and Dampier Archipelagos (Allen et al. 2012)

Orcaella heinsohni Australian snubfin dolphin

MM, C P4 VU Stranding and museum specimen records indicate that Australian Snubfin Dolphins occur only in waters off the northern half of Australia, from approximately Broome (17° 57´ S) on the west coast to the Brisbane River (27° 32´ S) on the east coast (Parra et al. 2002a). Aerial and boat-based surveys indicate that Australian Snubfin Dolphins occur

High potential to occur Dolphin populations recorded at Dampier Archipelago (Allen et al. 2012).


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WC Act Status

IUCN Status


mostly in protected shallow waters close to the coast, and close to river and creek mouths (Parra et al. 2002a).

Tursiops aduncus Indo-Pacific/Spotted Bottlenose Dolphin

MM, C MM At species level, the Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphins are found in tropical and sub-tropical coastal and shallow offshore waters of the Indian Ocean, Indo-Pacific Region and the western Pacific Ocean (Moller & Beheregaray 2001). Bottlenose dolphins are distributed continuously around the Australian mainland, but the taxonomic status of many populations is unknown. Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphins have been confirmed to occur in estuarine and coastal waters of eastern, western and northern Australia (Möller & Beheregaray 2001).

High potential to occur Dolphin populations regularly recorded along in nearshore waters along the coast between Dampier Archipelago and Exmouth Gulf. (Allen et al. 2012).

EPBC Act (species listed under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999): Ex = Extinct,

CE = Critically Endangered, E = Endangered, V = Vulnerable, M = Migratory, MM = Migratory Marine, MT = Migratory Terrestrial,

MW = Migratory Wetlands, Ma = Listed Marine

WC Act (species listed under the Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act 1950): Threatened Species: EX = Presumed Extinct,

CR = Critically Endangered, EN = Endangered, VU = Vulnerable, IA = Migratory birds protected under an International Agreement, CD =

Conservation Dependent, OS = Other Specially Protected. Priority Species: P1 = Priority 1, P2 = Priority 2, P3 = Priority 3, P4 = Priority 4

IUCN (species listed under the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species): EX = Extinct, EW = Extinct in the Wild, CR = Critically Endangered, EN = Endangered, VU = Vulnerable, NT = Near Threatened, LC = Least Concern.

Table 4 Marine Reptile species likely to occur in the Project area.

Species Name EPBC Act

Status

WC Act

Status

IUCN

Status

Habitat Preference Likelihood of

Occurrence

Aipysurus

apraefrontalis

Short-nosed Seasnake

CE, Ma CR CR The Short-nosed Sea snake is endemic to Western Australia, and has been recorded from Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia to the reefs of the Sahul Shelf, in the eastern Indian Ocean. The species prefers the reef flats or shallow waters along the outer reef edge in water depths to 10 m (McCosker 1975).

Moderate potential to occur Species or species habitat likely to occur within area.

Caretta caretta

Loggerhead turtle

E, MM,

Ma EN VU In Australia, Loggerhead Turtles

nest on open, sandy beaches concentrated in southern Queensland and from Shark Bay to the North West Cape in Western Australia. They live at or near the surface of the ocean and

Known to occur The species has been recorded in the region and Foraging, feeding or related behaviour





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Status

WC Act

Status

IUCN

Status


Occurrence

move with the ocean currents, choosing a wide variety of tidal and sub-tidal habitat as feeding areas and showing fidelity to both their foraging and breeding areas. (Department of the Environment, 2015). The Loggerhead Turtle occurs in the waters of coral and rocky reefs, seagrass beds and muddy bays throughout eastern, northern and western Australia (Limpus 1995a).

known to occur within area.

Chelonia mydas

Green turtle

V, MM, Ma

VU EN Green Turtles nest, forage and migrate across tropical northern Australia. They usually occur between the 20°C isotherms, although individuals can stray into temperate waters (Cogger 2014). In Australia, the key nesting and inter-nesting areas (where females live between laying successive clutches in the same season) occur on offshore Islands off the Pilbara region (DEH

2005a).

Known to occur The species has been recorded in the region (desktop searches) and breeding is known to occur within area.

Dermochelys coriacea

Leatherback turtle

E, MM, Ma

VU VU The Leatherback Turtle is a pelagic feeder, found in tropical, subtropical and temperate waters throughout the world. Large body size, high metabolism, a thick adipose tissue layer and regulation of blood flow them to utilise cold water foraging areas unlike other sea turtle species. For this reason, this species is regularly found in the high latitudes of all oceans including the South Pacific Ocean in the waters offshore from NSW, Victoria, Tasmania and Western Australia (Benson et al. 2011).

Moderate potential to occur the species has not been recorded in the region (no records from desktop searches). Breeding is likely to occur within

area.

Eretmochelys

imbricata

Hawksbill turtle

V, MM,

Ma VU CR Hawksbill Turtles are found in

tropical, subtropical and temperate waters in all the oceans of the world. In Australia, the key nesting and inter-nesting areas (where females live between laying successive clutches in the same season) occur on offshore Islands off Onslow. Reefs from Cape Preston to Onslow are considered important feeding grounds (Pendoley 2005).

Known to occur The species has been recorded in the region (desktop searches) and Breeding is known

to occur within area.

Natator depressus

Flatback turtle

V, MM,

Ma VU DD The Flatback Turtle is found only

in the tropical waters of northern Australia, Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya, and is one of only two

Known to Occur The species has been recorded in the region (desktop searches)







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Status

WC Act

Status

IUCN

Status


Occurrence

species of sea turtle without a global distribution. On the North-West Shelf, the major rookeries are on the mid-eastern coast of Barrow Island and at Mundabullangana Station near Cape Thouin on the mainland (Prince 1994b). These turtles are known to occur in the Pilbara region during all sensitive life-history phases (mating, nesting and inter-nesting).

and breeding is known to occur within area or having the potential to seasonally nest (Citic Pacific Mining 2013)

Table 5 Marine Sharks and Ray species likely to occur in the Project area.


Status

WC Act

Status

IUCN

Status


Occurrence

Pristis clavata

Dwarf Sawfish

V, MM P1 EN The species' Australian distribution has previously been considered to extend north from Cairns around the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, across northern Australian waters to the Pilbara coast in Western Australia (Last & Stevens 1994). The Dwarf Sawfish usually inhabits shallow (2–3 m) coastal waters

and estuarine habitats.

Low potential to occur The species has not been recorded in the region (no records from desktop searches). The western extent of this species range has not been fully resolved, however not one of the species known to occur within area (Morgan, D.L., Phillips, NM. & Whitty, JM 2010).

Pristis zijsron

Green Sawfish

V, MM VU CR The green sawfish inhabit shallow coastal marine and estuarine waters of northern Australia, from about Eighty Mile Beach, Western Australia, to the Cairns region, Queensland. It has been occasionally been caught as far south as Sydney. Green sawfish are known to be pupped near the Ashburton River mouth and utilise the estuary and nearby mangrove creeks, before moving offshore to mature at a length of about 3 m (Morgan et al. 2017).

High potential to occur The species may occur within creeks of the area for breeding purposes and adults likely to migrate through coastal waters. There are no records of the species in the Project area however there are capture locations just north near Karratha. (Morgan, D.L., Phillips, NM. & Whitty, JM 2010).

Carcharias taurus

Grey Nurse Shark

V VU The Grey Nurse Shark (west coast population) has a broad inshore distribution, primarily in sub-tropical to cool temperate waters. The population of Grey Nurse Shark (west coast population) is predominantly found in the south-west coastal waters of Western

Low potential to occur The species has not been recorded in the region (no records from desktop searches). Predominantly found in




24


18WAU-0014 R1800077


Status

WC Act

Status

IUCN

Status


Occurrence

Australia and has been recorded as far north as the North West

Shelf (Last & Stevens 1994).

cooler coastal waters further south.

Rhincodon typus

Whale Shark

V, MM OS EN Found worldwide in tropical and subtropical oceans.(OzFishNet, 2016). In Australia, the Whale Shark is known from NSW, Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia and occasionally Victoria and South Australia, but it is most commonly seen in waters off northern Western Australia, Northern Territory and Queensland (Compagno and Last 1999). Yearly numbers of Whale Sharks in Ningaloo Marine Park are estimated to vary between 300 and 500 individuals Research conducted in 2003 on Whale Sharks aggregating at Ningaloo Reef found that this species routinely moved between the sea surface and depth. Sharks spent at least 40% of their time in the upper 15 m of the water column and at least 50% of their time at depths equal to or less than 30 m

(Wilson et al. 2006).

Low potential to occur The species has not been recorded in the region (no records from desktop searches) and are generally found in waters deeper than present at the Project area. Species or species habitat may occur within area.

Carcharodon carcharias

Great White Shark

V, MM VU VU In Australia, Great White Sharks have been recorded from central Queensland around the south coast to north-west Western Australia but may occur further north on both coasts (Bonfil et al. 2005). They inhabit inshore waters around rocky reefs, surf beaches and shallow coastal bays; waters on the outer continental shelf and slope; and the open ocean. These sharks most commonly live in depths above 100 m.

Low potential to occur The species has not been recorded in the region (no records from desktop searches). Has been found around Muiron Islands although predominantly found in cooler coastal waters further south, suitable habitat is lacking from Project area. Species may occur within area.

Table 6 Marine Migratory and other listed marine species likely to occur in the Project area.

Class Species Common Name EPBC Act Status

WC Act Status

IUCN

Fish Bulbonaricus brauni Braun's Pughead Pipefish, Pug-headed Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Campichthys tricarinatus

Three-keel Pipefish Ma DD

Fish Choeroichthys brachysoma

Pacific Short-bodied Pipefish, Short-bodied Pipefish Ma LC









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WC Act Status

IUCN

Fish Choeroichthys suillus

Pig-snouted Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Doryrhamphus janssi

Cleaner Pipefish, Janss' Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Doryrhamphus negrosensis

Flagtail Pipefish, Masthead Island Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Festucalex scalaris Ladder Pipefish Ma

Fish Filicampus tigris Tiger Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Halicampus brocki Brock's Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Halicampus grayi Mud Pipefish, Gray's Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Halicampus nitidus Glittering Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Halicampus spinirostris

Spiny-snout Pipefish Ma

Fish Haliichthys taeniophorus

Ribboned Pipehorse, Ribboned Seadragon Ma LC

Fish Hippichthys penicillus

Beady Pipefish, Steep-nosed Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Hippocampus angustus

Western Spiny Seahorse, Narrow-bellied Seahorse Ma DD

Fish Hippocampus histrix Spiny Seahorse, Thorny Seahorse Ma VU

Fish Hippocampus kuda Spotted Seahorse, Yellow Seahorse Ma VU

Fish Hippocampus planifrons

Flat-face Seahorse Ma

Fish Hippocampus trimaculatus

Three-spot Seahorse, Low-crowned Seahorse, Flat-faced Seahorse

Ma VU

Fish Micrognathus micronotopterus

Tidepool Pipefish Ma LC

Fish Solegnathus hardwickii

Pallid Pipehorse, Hardwick's Pipehorse Ma DD

Fish Solegnathus lettiensis

Gunther's Pipehorse, Indonesian Pipefish Ma DD

Fish Solenostomus cyanopterus

Robust Ghostpipefish, Blue-finned Ghost Pipefish, Ma LC

Fish Syngnathoides biaculeatus

Double-end Pipehorse, Double-ended Pipehorse, Alligator Pipefish

Ma DD

Fish Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus

Bentstick Pipefish, Bend Stick Pipefish, Short-tailed Pipefish

Ma LC

Fish Trachyrhamphus longirostris

Straightstick Pipefish, Long-nosed Pipefish, Straight Stick Pipefish

Ma LC

Sharks and Rays

Anoxypristis cuspidata

Narrow Sawfish, Knife tooth Sawfish Ma EN

Sharks and Rays

Manta alfredi Reef Manta Ray, Coastal Manta Ray, Inshore Manta Ray, Prince Alfred’s Ray, Resident Manta Ray

M VU

Sharks and Rays

Manta birostris Giant Manta Ray, Chevron Manta Ray, Pacific Manta Ray, Pelagic Manta Ray, Oceanic Manta Ray

M VU

Mammal Balaenoptera edeni Bryde's Whale MM, C DD

Mammal Orcinus orca Killer Whale, Orca MM, C DD

Mammal Tursiops truncatus s. str.

Bottlenose Dolphin C

Reptile Acalyptophis peronii Horned Sea snake Ma LC

Reptile Aipysurus duboisii Dubois' Sea snake Ma LC














































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WC Act Status

IUCN

Reptile Aipysurus eydouxii Spine-tailed Sea snake Ma LC

Reptile Aipysurus laevis Olive Sea snake Ma LC

Reptile Aipysurus tenuis Brown-lined Sea snake M

Reptile Astrotia stokesii Stokes' Seasnake Ma LC

Reptile Disteria kingii Spectacled Seasnake M

Reptile Disteria major Olive-headed Seasnake M

Reptile Emydocephalus annulatus

Turtle-headed Seasnake M LC

Reptile Ephalophis greyi North-western Mangrove Seasnake Ma

Reptile Hydrelaps darwiniensis

Black-ringed Seasnake Ma LC

Reptile Hydrophis elegans Elegant Seasnake Ma LC

Reptile Hydrophis macdowelli

Small headed Seasnake Ma LC

Reptile Hydrophis ornatus Spotted Seasnake, Ornate Reef Seasnake Ma LC

Reptile Pelamis platurus Yellow-bellied Seasnake Ma








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3. Marine Environmental Reconnaissance Survey

Survey Objectives

O2 Marine undertook a three-day reconnaissance field survey of the marine portion of the Project area

to:

Validate (to the extent possible in a brief survey) the findings of the desktop review,

specifically in relation to BCH and available marine fauna habitat;

Identify potential seawater intake locations;

Identify any potential impacts associated with marine aspects of the Project which may be

considered environmentally unacceptable by regulatory authorities; and

Record incidental observations of any conservation significant marine fauna observed onsite.

Survey Methods

The reconnaissance survey was undertaken by two suitably qualified marine scientists between the

23rd to 25th July 2018. The survey included targeted towed video transects of subtidal BCH areas and

Unmanned Aerial Survey (UAV) of intertidal BCH areas, to evaluate and identify options for positioning

of proposed Project marine infrastructure.

Incidental marine fauna observations were also made throughout the survey.

Towed Video Survey

Sixty (60) 50 m long towed video transects were undertaken to evaluate the subtidal BCH in relation to

the proposed subsea pipeline route and Port infrastructure and to identify potential seawater intake

locations.

At each towed video survey location, the substrate was broadly classified ‘on-the-fly’ based on the

broad benthic habitat type and benthic cover categories presented in Table 7. GPS Location, date, time

and depth were also recorded for each video transect:

Table 7 Broad benthic habitat type and cover categories

Benthic Habitat Type Benthic Cover

Sand Bare (<1%)

Seagrass Sparse (1 – 4%)

Macroalgae Low to Moderate (5% - 15%)

Coral (Hard) Moderate (15 - 25%)

Other Sessile Invertebrates (e.g. Sponges, Soft Corals, Filter

Feeders) (Excludes hard corals) Dense (>25%)

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Aerial Survey

A UAV survey was undertaken at three (3) locations as a rapid assessment tool to broadly identify

intertidal habitats of the Project area. At each location, the UAV was flown in a North, South, East and

West direction over a distance of approximately 0.75 – 1 km.

Video and still images were captured during each flight and these were reviewed to identify the location

and extent of key intertidal BCH present within the Project area.

Survey Findings

3.3.1. Towed Video Survey

The towed video survey results are presented in Figure 4. Towed video survey data was collected at

60 locations and six (6) broad habitat classes were identified during the survey and these are described

in Table 8.

During the survey, several key observations were made regarding the proposed Project infrastructure,

including:

Cover of BCH was generally Bare to Sparse along both proposed pipeline routes, with the

western pipe route supporting the least value BCH;

No significant BCH (i.e. high cover coral or seagrass communities), that have previously been

recorded in the Cape Preston region were observed in any of the Proposed Project infrastructure

areas;

The shallow limestone reef on the western edge of Southwest Regnard Island was identified to

support a ‘Moderate Macroalgae, Sessile Invertebrates & Sparse Coral’ assemblage, which

could be easily avoided by shifting the pipeline route approximately 500 m west;

The reef located adjacent to 40 Mile Beach was found to support a dense macroalgal

community, which is not proposed to be impacted; and

The sandy areas west of Gnoorea Point were found to support large areas of patchy seagrass

(Halophila sp.) and although it was mostly sparse, the species observed are ephemeral and it

is likely that this area would support dense seagrass meadows during certain times of the year.

Dugong’s were also observed to be feeding in these areas during the survey.

3.3.2. Incidental Marine Fauna Observations

Observations of marine fauna were made throughout the video survey. Key observations include:

Dugong (Dugong dugong) were observed on three occasions in the vicinity of the patchy

seagrass areas, located approximately 2 km west of Gnoorea Point;

One Dugong (Dugong dugong) was also observed approximately 4 km East of Gnoorea Point;

and

Two Flatback Turtles (Natator depressus) were observed in the vicinity of the offshore

anchorage area.

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Table 8 Description of broad subtidal BCH classes observed during the towed video survey

Habitat Class Habitat Description Example Image

Bare Sand Typically comprises of silt or sand with no or occasional very sparse

covering of fine algal matting. Silt areas often comprised of bioturbation

(burrows formed by living organisms). Sand areas are often rippled and

contain traces of shell grit or coral rubble. Majority of bare sand areas

located inshore and along the western transect, which crosses a large

sand bar area.

Sparse Sessile

Invertebrates

Comprised mostly of Sand/Silt with sparse (1-4%) covering of filter

feeders including various sponges, hydroids, ascidians and bryzoans.

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18WAU-0014 R1800077


Sparse to Moderate

Seagrass & Macroalgae

Patchy distribution of seagrass (i.e. Halophila ovalis) and macroalgae

(i.e. Mixed Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and turf algae) occurring in areas

of sand and broken limestone reef with cover ranging from Sparse (1-

4%) to Moderate (15-25%). Typically occurred between 1.5 – 7 m

depth.

Low to Moderate Sessile

Invertebrates

Comprised mostly of Sand/Silt with Low to Moderate (5% - 15%)

covering of filter feeders including various sponges, hydroids, ascidians

and bryzoans. Occasional corals (e.g. Turbinaria sp) were also

recorded.

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Moderate Macroalgae,

Sessile Invertebrates &

Sparse Coral

Moderate covering (15 – 25%) of macroalgae and sessile invertebrates

generally found on sand with shell grit and rubble. The macroalgae

generally comprises of mixed Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and turf algae.

The sessile invertebrates include various sponges, hydroids, ascidians

and bryzoa. Sparse (1-4%) cover of both soft and hard corals (e.g.

Turbinaria sp. and Porites sp.) were also recorded.

Dense Macroalgae,

Sessile Invertebrates &

Sparse Coral

Dense covering (>25%) of macroalgae and sessile invertebrates,

generally found on sand with shell grit and rubble and occasional

broken reef areas. The macroalgae generally comprises of mixed

Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and turf algae. The sessile invertebrates

include various sponges, hydroids, ascidians and bryzoa. Sparse (1-

4%) cover of both soft and hard corals (e.g. Turbinaria sp. and Porites

sp.) were also recorded.

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Figure 4 Towed video survey locations and observed BCH

33


18WAU-0014 R1800077

3.3.3. Aerial & Beach Walk Survey

Aerial survey data (still/video images) was collected at three (3) locations and five broad intertidal

habitat classes were identified during the survey. These intertidal habitat classes are described in Table

9.

During the survey, several key observations were made regarding the proposed Project infrastructure,

including:

Beaches located to the east and west of Gnoorea Point and east of Cape Preston were all

identified to provide potential turtle nesting habitat;

Mangroves west of Gnoorea Point, within Eramurra Station were generally found to be in good

condition, with the exception of a 1-2 ha area that appeared to have been affected by dieback

with very high tree mortality observed; and

No significant algal mat areas were observed in the Project area, however, potential algal mat

BCH areas were only surveyed via UAV, therefore further ‘on ground’ validation in the supratidal

portion of the Project area is required.

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Table 9 Description of broad intertidal BCH classes observed during the aerial survey


Mangroves Mangrove communities dominated by Avicenna marina and

Rhizophora stylosa were observed throughout the coastal extent of

the Project area. The mangroves were generally found to be in

pristine condition, although a moderate (i.e. 2-3 ha) area of

Mangroves located west of Gnoorea Point has experienced recent

dieback with almost 100% mortality observed in this area. The

majority of mangroves in the Project area are considered to be

‘Regionally Significant’ and development is generally not permitted

to impact upon mangroves in these areas.

Samphire Mudflat Samphire mudflat communities were observed adjacent to

mangroves in the eastern and western fringes of the Project area.

35


18WAU-0014 R1800077


Supratidal Mudflat / Salt Flat Large area of supratidal mud flats / salt flats were present behind

coastal sand dunes and mangroves throughout the majority of the

Project area. These mudflat areas have the potential to support algal

mat BCH. However, no algal mat BCH was observed during the

survey.

Rocky Shore Rocky intertidal areas fringe much of the coastline within the Project

area. These include rocky outcrops and extensive intertidal rock

platform between 10 – 500 m wide. These rocky areas were

generally exposed at low tide and were largely unvegetated.

36


18WAU-0014 R1800077


Sandy Beach At several locations along the coast, intertidal rock platform areas

were backed by long stretches of white sand beaches and small

dune systems.

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18WAU-0014 R1800077

4. Environmental Factors (Sea Theme)

The West Australian Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) uses ‘Environmental Factors’ as the

basis for assessing whether the Project’s impact on the environment is acceptable. Environmental

factors are those elements of the environment that may be impacted by an aspect of the Project. They

provide a systematic approach to organising environmental information for the purpose of

environmental impact assessment (EIA). The EPA has identified an ‘Environmental Objective’ for each

environmental factor and will make judgement on whether the impact of a proposal may be significant.

Preliminary Environmental Factors

The ‘Sea’ themed Environmental Factors and associated Objectives are shown in Table 10 along with

a brief description of:

The Project activities that have the potential to impact on each of these environmental factors;

and

An evaluation of the risk of the Project activities compromising the EPA’s objective for each of

these factors.

This preliminary assessment forms the basis for identification of the environmental factors that have

the potential to be significantly impacted as a result of the Project activities. It also serves to identify

requirements for future targeted investigations in respect of the relevant key environmental factors.

It is noted that the preliminary impact assessment considers impacts associated with all Options

presented in Section 1.2.

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Table 10 Preliminary Assessment Against ‘Sea Theme’ Environmental Factors

Environmental Factor Environmental Objective Existing Environment Relevant Project

Activities

Potential Impacts Preliminary Impact

Assessment

Targeted Investigations

Required

Benthic Communities and Habitats (BCH)

To protect BCH so that biological diversity and ecological integrity are maintained.

The Project area is known to support significant BCH areas, including dense seagrass meadows, regionally significant mangrove communities and high cover (>25%) coral reef communities.

Field survey of key Project infrastructure locations did not identify any significant subtidal BCH areas, although areas of sparse coral and sparse to moderate seagrass habitats were identified. It is noted that the sparse to moderate seagrass BCH may support denser meadows at certain times of year.

Aerial survey and intertidal walks found the Regionally Significant mangrove communities of the Project area to be in good condition, although some areas were dieback affected.

Pond construction.

Wharf construction.

Shoreline crossing/

subsea pipeline

installation.

Capital dredging (If

required), with onshore

spoil disposal.

Waste bitterns

discharge.

Brine dewatering

discharge.

Fuel storage and operation.

Other turbidity generating activities (i.e. trenching, drilling, rock armouring)

Direct removal or

disturbance of intertidal

and subtidal benthic

habitat.

Increased total

suspended solids (TSS)

(dredging impact) and

reduced light affecting

subtidal BCH.

Increased

sedimentation

(dredging impact)

affecting subtidal BCH.

Toxic waste bitterns

discharge affecting

BCH.

Accidental fuel spills to

water resulting in toxic

effects on BCH.

Introduction /

translocation of

Invasive Marine

Species (IMS).

Project infrastructure footprint

will be designed to avoid

and/or minimise direct impacts

on important BCH areas.

Indirect dredging and other

turbidity generating impacts

(i.e. increased TSS and

sedimentation) to subtidal BCH

areas are possible and will

require further assessment to

determine the extent severity

and duration of impacts.

However, with development

and implementation of an

appropriate Management Plan

dredging and other turbidity

generating impacts impacts

are expected to be

recoverable.

Impacts to BCH as a result of

discharging toxic waste

bitterns to the marine

environment are possible and

will require assessment.

However, it is considered that

with application of the EPA’s

Technical Guidance regarding

Marine Environmental Quality

and appropriate discharge site

selection, this potential impact

can be managed to meet the

BCH Mapping Validation

Study

BCH Baseline study

(Focussed on Dredging

and waste bitterns impact

areas)

Baseline Water Quality

Monitoring (Dredging,

Waste Bitterns & brine

dewatering Impacts)

Dredge Plume Modelling

Study (Dredging Impacts

Only)

Targeted Mangrove

Study

Surface Water Modelling

Study (Intertidal BCH

Impacts)

Groundwater Modelling

Study (Intertidal Impacts)

39


18WAU-0014 R1800077

EPA’s objective for BCH and

Marine Environmental Quality.

Direct and indirect impacts to

regionally significant mangrove

areas are not likely to be

acceptable to the EPA.

Therefore, design

amendments may need to be

applied to avoid these areas

and further investigations will

be required to demonstrate

that these areas will not be

indirectly impacted as a result

of altered surface /ground

water flows.

Other impacts associated with

fuel spills and marine pests

can be effectively mitigated

through implementation of

appropriate Construction and

Operational Environmental

Management Plans.

Potential impacts to BCH are

considered to pose a sufficient

risk of compromising the

EPA’s objective for this factor,

as such, referral to the EPA is

warranted.

Coastal Processes To maintain the geophysical processes that shape coastal morphology so that the environmental values of the coast are protected.

The Pilbara coat is

dominated by meso- to

macro-tidal variation,

with the episodic effect

of severe tropical

cyclones during

December to April.

Cape Preston / Gnoorea

Point area

Wharf construction.

Shoreline crossing/

subsea pipeline

installation.

Capital dredging (If required).

Altered coastal

processes resulting in

localised changes in

sediment transport

patterns.

Depending on proposed

installation method, the

pipeline shore crossing may

result in localised changes in

coastal processes. However, if

the pipeline can be buried then

any disruption to coastal

processes are expected to be

minor and temporary.

Coastal Processes

Modelling Study

(Dependent on final

location and design of

shore crossing.

40


18WAU-0014 R1800077

predominately has a

high relief rocky

topography which

restricts sediment

transport and

distinguishes areas

further southwest of

Cape Preston as a

separate secondary cell

for sediment movement.

The Maitland and

Yanyare Rivers provide

episodic sediment

supply with net

longshore sediment

transport north and

south, respectively. The

coastal area

encompasses outwash

plains, basins and tidal

creeks with interaction

between coastal and

fluvial processes.

Coastal processes

assessment is likely, although

risk of impacts will be

dependent on position and

design of proposed shore

crossing.

Marine Environmental Quality (MEQ)

To maintain the quality of water, sediment and biota so that environmental values are protected

Based on the Pilbara

Coastal Water Quality

Consultation Outcomes

– Environmental Values

and Environmental

Quality Objectives (DoE,

2006), the waters of the

Project area are

afforded a High Level of

Ecological Protection,

with the proposed South

West Regnard Island

conservation zone

assigned a Maximum

Wharf construction.


required).

Waste bitterns

discharge.

Brine dewatering

discharge.

Fuel storage and

operation.

General wharf facility

operations (Vessel

maintenance, abrasive

blasting, etc.).

Mobilisation of

contaminants from

dredged sediment to

water column (Dredging

impact).

Disturbance of Acid

Sulfate Soils (ASS)

(Dredging impact).

Toxic waste bitterns

discharge resulting in

release of toxic

contaminants to the

marine environment.

Given that sediments within

the Project area are generally

undisturbed it is unlikely that

mobilisation of contaminated

sediment as a result of capital

dredging poses a significant

risk to MEQ. However, this

potential impact will require

further targeted sediment

quality investigation. Future

sediment investigations will

also determine the potential

risk of disturbance to

ASS/PASS.

Baseline Water Quality

Monitoring (Dredging and

Waste Bitterns Impacts)

Sediment Quality

investigation (Dredging,

Waste Bitterns and brine

dewatering Impacts)

Marine Eco-toxicity Study

(Waste Bitterns Impacts)

Waste Discharge

Modelling Study (Waste

Bitterns Impacts)

41


18WAU-0014 R1800077

LEP. This indicates only

small to no changes in

level of contaminants

within limits of natural

variation.

Other turbidity

generating activities

(i.e. trenching, drilling,

rock armouring)


marine environment

resulting in

hydrocarbon

contamination of water

and sediment.

Contaminated runoff from wharf facilities to marine environment.

Impacts to MEQ due to

discharge of toxic waste

bitterns to the marine

environment are possible and

will require further targeted

investigations. However, it is

considered that with

application of the EPA’s

Technical Guidance regarding

Marine Environmental Quality

and appropriate discharge site

selection, this potential impact

can be managed to meet the

EPA’s objective for Marine

Environmental Quality.

Other potential impacts

associated with fuel spills

and/or contaminated runoff

can be effectively mitigated

through implementation of

appropriate Construction and

Operation Environmental

Management Plans.

Potential impacts to MEQ are

considered to pose sufficient

risk of compromising the

EPA’s objective for this factor,

as such, referral to the EPA is

warranted.

Marine Fauna To protect marine fauna so that biological diversity and ecological integrity are maintained

An assessment of

distribution and habitat

has identified marine

fauna species listed

under the Environment

Protection and

Biodiversity

Conservation Act 1999

Wharf construction.


required).

Piling operations.

Increased vessel

traffic.

Piling operations

(underwater noise risk

to marine fauna)

leading to fauna

behavioural changes,

injury or death.

All proposed marine

infrastructure options are

expected to include piling.

Therefore, an underwater

noise risk assessment is

required to determine extent,

duration and severity of

Marine Turtle Nesting

Study (Nesting Beach

Disturbance)

Marine Fauna Study

(Dugong & Turtle Focus)

42


18WAU-0014 R1800077

(EPBC Act) and the

Wildlife Conservation

Act 1950 (WC Act) that

may potentially be found

within the Cape Preston

area (Table 5) (Section

2.2.3).

Potential loss of

habitat through direct

and indirect impacts.

Shore crossing and

light spill impacts on

turtle nesting.

Fuel storage and operation.

Increased risk of

marine fauna vessel

strike.


water resulting in toxic

effects on marine

fauna.

Introduction /

translocation of IMS

resulting in alteration of

habitat dynamics.

Light spill resulting in

disorientation of marine

turtles, reducing nesting

numbers and hatchling

success.

impacts to marine fauna as a

result of underwater noise.

The Project area lies adjacent

to important breeding, nesting

and foraging habitat for marine

turtles. However, impacts on

these areas are expected to be

relatively minor and localised.

Nevertheless, further

investigation is required into

the extent, duration and

severity of the potential

impacts on marine turtles.

Dugong were observed in the

Project area on three

occasions (in two days) during

the field reconnaissance

survey, indicating that the area

may provide important habitat

(Feeding/foraging) for Dugong.

Preliminary discussion with

DBCA suggested extensive

offset monitoring indicates the

Project area is a known

hotspot for Dugong. Although

impact to dugong as a result of

Project activities is considered

to be minor, further

investigation into the extent,

duration and severity of the

potential impacts on the local

Dugong population.

Underwater noise risk

assessment (Piling

Impacts)

Light Spill Study (Lighting

impacts)

43 Leichhardt Industrials Eramurra Industrial Salt Project

18WAU-0014 R1800077

5. Key Findings & Recommendations

Conclusions

5.1.1. Features of Conservation Significance

Commonwealth Legislation

Several Commonwealth species of conservation significance were identified as being at risk as a result

of the proposed Project activities. These included 12 protected marine species and 19 marine migratory

species that may occur in the Project area. The protected marine species include five marine reptiles

(four turtles and one sea snake); four elasmobranch fish (two sawfish and two sharks); and two marine

mammals (two whales).

No other Commonwealth features of conservation significance were considered to be at risk as a result

of the proposed Project activities.

A likelihood of occurrence assessment determined that several of these species have the potential to

be significantly impacted as a result of the proposed Project activities, therefore referral of the Project

in accordance with the EPBC act is considered to be warranted.

State Legislation

The following features of conservation significance, protected through State Legislation were identified

during desktop review:

The Project area is located within and adjacent to the Proposed Regnard Marine Management

Area (RMMA) which although not currently a gazetted management area, ongoing stakeholder

consultation with DBCA will be undertaken during development planning;

The Project area is located adjacent to the Pilbara Inshore Islands Nature Reserve, although

impacts on this reserve are unlikely, ongoing stakeholder consultation with DBCA will be

undertaken during development planning;

The Project area intersects the Cape Preston Regionally Significant Mangrove Area and is

adjacent to the Maitland River Regionally Significant Mangrove Area. Impacts in these areas

are typically not permitted and should be avoided wherever possible;

Naturemap database search identified 16 listed threatened marine species protected under the

BC Act.

5.1.2. Key Environmental Factors

Desktop review, reconnaissance survey and preliminary EIA identified three marine environmental

factors as potentially being at risk of significant impact as a result of the proposed Project activities.

Potential impacts on the following key environmental factors therefore warrant referral to the EPA:

Benthic Communities & Habitat;

Marine Environmental Quality;

Coastal Processes; and


18WAU-0014 R1800077

Marine Fauna.

Key activities / impacts posing a significant threat to these key environmental factors included:

Pipeline installation;

Dewatering brine;

Waste bitterns discharge;

Direct habitat removal;

Piling; and

Light spill.

Impacts associated with dredging for Port Option 4 were considered but have subsequently been

removed from further consideration.

All activities / impacts could potentially be managed / mitigated. However, recommendations are made

below regarding design amendments that should be considered to reduce the extent, duration and

severity of potential impacts on the key environmental factors. Further recommendations are also made

regarding the targeted investigations required to understand the extent, duration and severity of

potential impacts.

Recommendations

O2 Marine has provided several key recommendations regarding:

Design amendments that could be considered to reduce project impacts;

Stakeholders that should be consulted once the final design of the Project is confirmed; and

Marine environmental investigations that are likely to be required to inform the EIA and

approvals for the Project.

These key recommendations are provided below.

Design Considerations

1. Seawater Intake Options – All seawater intake options are considered acceptable from a

marine environmental impact perspective. However, O2 Marine understands Option 2 has since

been eliminated in consideration of an Aboriginal Heritage site. The following O2 Marine

recommendations should be considered when selecting the appropriate seawater intake option:

a. Avoid direct impacts to BCH, either intertidal or subtidal;

b. Undertake tidal inundation modelling study for the two creek intake options (i.e. 3 & 4)

to determine if these options are acceptable.

2. Export Facilities - Port Option 4 (Refer Section 1.2), which involves dredging and potentially

construction of a wharf island using dredge spoil, will result in significant impacts on subtidal

BCH. Furthermore, it is likely that these impacts would extend to include regionally significant

coral communities found nearby to Southwest Regnard Island.


18WAU-0014 R1800077

It is further noted that construction of a dredge channel in this area is likely to be considerably

more costly than extension of the already proposed subsea pipeline and construction of the

wharf island as a piled structure at the end of the proposed dredge channel, rather than in the

proposed location.

Therefore, under recommendations provided from O2 Marine, Port Option 4 has been removed

from further consideration as this option is the most environmentally unacceptable option and

the least likely to receive approval, particularly considering the more environmentally acceptable

alternatives that are currently being considered.

3. Water Bitterns Outfall - Proposed waste bitterns outfall Option 2 is located within a tidal creek

in a regionally significant mangrove area. This option is considered to pose a significant risk to

BCH (Mangroves) and marine fauna. It is noted that the EPA (2001) guidance recommends that

no development should take place that would significantly reduce the mangrove habitat or

ecological function of the mangroves in these areas. Therefore, under recommendations

provided from O2 Marine, Option 2 has been reconsidered as the EPA may take a presumption

that any impacts in this area represent an environmentally unacceptable outcome.

In addition, O2 Marine recommends that, where possible, the waste bitterns outfall should be

located in an area where maximum mixing occurs to ensure that bitterns are adequately mixed

within the smallest possible distance of the outfall. The typically approved mixing zone afforded

a low LEP is 70 m from the diffuser.

O2 Marine considers that Bitterns outfall Option 1, which is located at the proposed export facility

represents the most environmentally acceptable option as this will result in the least risk of

causing significant environmental impact.

4. Concentrator Ponds – Positioning of concentrator ponds (and any other intertidal

infrastructure) should avoid all mangroves within the EPA (2001) designated ‘Regionally

Significant’ mangrove areas (i.e. Cape Preston and Maitland River Delta). It is noted that

significant modifications to the project design have already been made to minimise direct

impacts to mangrove areas. However, in order to demonstrate that the combined direct and

indirect impacts from the development will not significantly reduce the mangrove habitat or

ecological function of the mangroves in these areas, the EPA recommends that the proponent

should:

a. Demonstrate a significant understanding of the mangrove systems, in terms of habitats,

dependent habitats and ecological functions, which are likely to be affected if

development is implemented;

b. Use the above understanding to evaluate how the mangrove system would be affected

and the environmental significance of any such impacts, including cumulative impacts;

c. Demonstrate that the proposed development adopts good engineering design and 'best

practice' processes for minimising potential environmental impacts and maintains the

ecological function and overall biological value and environmental quality of the area;

and

d. Demonstrate that all feasible and prudent alternative (industry siting) to impacting

detrimentally on mangroves have been considered.


18WAU-0014 R1800077

5. Pipeline Installation – Whilst the risk of impacts to coastal processes is not high and the

potential pipeline route can be easily designed to avoid sensitive intertidal and subtidal BCH

environments, O2 Marine recommend considerations will need to be provided for selecting an

appropriate route, installation technique and management option to minimise safety,

environmental and economic risk to the Project. The absence of detail in an assessment will

likely raise a risk which should be relatively low due to not providing confidence to the EPA that

risks will be as they are predicted.

Stakeholder Consultation

6. Given the Project area lies within and adjacent to the proposed Regnard Marine Management

Area and adjacent to the Pilbara Inshore Islands Nature Reserve, under recommendations

provided from O2 Marine preliminary Project consultation with DBCA was held on Thursday 1st

November. O2 Marine recommends that ongoing consultation with DBCA is undertaken once

project activities are confirmed and potential impacts are understood. Consultation with DBCA

throughout the EIA and approvals stages of the project is considered crucial to reduce

comments received during EIA public review periods.

Marine Environmental Investigations

7. The following marine environmental investigations are recommended to inform the EIA and

approvals for the project:

a. BCH mapping study;

b. BCH baseline study;

c. Targeted mangrove study;

d. Baseline water quality monitoring (physico-chemical and contaminant);

e. Targeted sediment quality investigation (contaminants and infauna);

f. Eco-toxicity testing of waste bitterns discharge;

g. Bitterns outfall modelling study;

h. Marine fauna study (focus on turtles and dugongs);

i. Marine turtle nesting study#;

j. Light spill study#;

k. Marine noise risk assessment;

l. Marine pest risk assessment; and

m. Construction environmental management plan.

^Dependent on pipeline installation and shoreline crossing method proposed. # Scope of study dependent on final design footprint.


18WAU-0014 R1800077

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http://www.environment.gov.au/archive/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/albatross/index.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/ahc/publications/national-heritage-places-map


18WAU-0014 R1800077

Marchant, S. & P.J. Higgins, eds. (1993). Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds.

Volume 2 - Raptors to Lapwings. Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press.

McCosker, J.E. (1975). Feeding behaviour of Indo-Australian Hydrophiidae. In: Dunson, W. A., ed. The Biology of Sea Snakes. Page(s) 217-232. Baltimore: University Park Press.

Minton, C.D.T. (2002). Personal communication. Australasian Wader Studies Group.

Möller, L.M. & L.B. Beheregaray (2001). Coastal bottlenose dolphins from southeastern Australia are Tursiops aduncus according to sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Marine Mammal Science. 17:249-263.

Molloy, S.W., Davis, R.A., Dunlop, J. and van Etten, E.J.B. (2015) Spatial Modelling for the Northern Quoll in the Pilbara: Informing the Management of a Unique and Isolated Population of an Endangered and Iconic Species. Edith Cowan University and Department of Parks and Wildlife, Western Australia.

Morgan, D.L., Phillips, NM. & Whitty, JM (2010). Endangered Sawfishes and River Sharks in Western Australia. Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, South St, Murdoch, Western Australia.

MPRSWG (1994). A Representative Marine Reserve System for Western Australia. Report of the Marine Parks and Reserves Selection Working Group. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia

Oakwood. (1997). The ecology of the northern quoll, Dasyurus hallucatus. ANU, Canberra.

Parra, G.J., A.R. Preen, P.J. Corkeron, C. Azuma & H. Marsh (2002a). Distribution of Irrawaddy dolphins, Orcaella brevirostris, in Australian waters. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 10:141-154.

Paterson, R.A. (1990). Effects of long-term anti-shark measures on target and non-target species in Queensland, Australia. Biological Conservation. 52:147-159.

Pendoley, K.L. (2005). Sea turtles and the environmental management of industrial activities in north-west Western Australia. Ph.D. Thesis. PhD Thesis, Murdoch University: Perth

Pollock. (1999). Notes on status, distribution and diet of Northern Quoll Dasyurus hallucatus in the Mackay-Bowen area, mideastern Queensland. Australian Zoologist, 31(2), 388-395.

Prince, R.I. (1994b). Status of the Western Australian marine turtle populations: the Western Australian Marine Turtle Project 1986-1990. In: Russell, J., ed. Proceedings of the Australian Marine Turtle Conservation Workshop, Gold Coast 14-17 November 1990. Page(s) 1-14. Queensland Department of Environment and Heritage. Canberra, ANCA

Reilly, S. B., Bannister, J. L., Best, P. B., Brown, M., Brownell Jr., R. L., Butterworth, D. S., … Zerbini, A. N. (2008). Balaenoptera musculus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008: e.T2477A9447146. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T2477A9447146.en

Schmitt, Bradley, Kemper, Kitchener, Humphreys, & How. (1989). Ecology and physiology of the northern quoll, Dasyurus hallucatus (Marsupialia, Dasyuridae), at Mitchell Plateau, Kimberley, Western Australia. Journal of Zoology, 217(4), 539-558.

Stul, T., Gozzard, G.R., Eliot, I.G., and Eliot, M.J. (2014). Coastal Sediment Cells for the Pilbara Region between Giralia and Beebingarra Creek, Western Australia. Report prepared by Seashore Engineering Pty Ltd and Geological Survey of Western Australia for the Western Australian Department of Transport, Fremantle.

http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T2477A9447146.en


18WAU-0014 R1800077

SWQMS (2004). Implementation Framework for Western Australia for the Australian and New Zealand

Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality and Water Quality Monitoring and Reporting

(Guidelines Nos. 4 & 7: National Water Quality Management Strategy). State Water Quality

Management Strategy Report No. 6, Government of Western Australia.

Threatened Species Scientific Committee (2005aq). NON-APPROVED Conservation Advice on Northern Quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus). Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/dasyurus-hallucatus.html#conservation.

Wenziker K.J., McAlpine, K. W., Apte, S.C. and Masini, R.J. (in press). Background quality for coastal

marine waters of the North West Shelf, Western Australia. North West Shelf Joint Environmental

Management Study, CSIRO Marine Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart Tasmania 7001.

Wilson, S.G., J.J. Polovina, B.S. Stewart & M.G. Meekan (2006). Movements of Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus) tagged at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Marine Biology. 148:1157-1166.

Wilson, J.R., Nebel, S. & Minton, C.D.T. (2007). Migration ecology and morphometries of two Bar-tailed Godwit populations in Australia, Emu – Austral Ornithology, 107:4, 262-274, DOI: 10.1071/MU07026.

Woehler, E.J., J. Cooper, J.P. Croxall, W.R. Fraser, G.L. Kooyman, G.D. Miller, D.C. Nel, D.L.

Patterson, H.U. Peter, C.A. Ribic, K. Salwicka , W.Z. Trivelpiece & H. Weimerskirch (2001). A

statistical assessment of the status and trends of Antarctic and subantarctic seabirds. Report on

SCAR BBS Workshop on Southern Ocean seabird populations. Scientific Committee for Antarctic

Research.

Woehler, E.J., M.J. Riddle & C.A. Ribic (in press). Long-term population trends in Southern Giant

Petrels in East Antarctica. In: Proceedings of Eighth SCAR Biology Symposium.

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/dasyurus-hallucatus.html#conservation

http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/dasyurus-hallucatus.html#conservation

A Leichhardt Industrials Eramurra Industrial Salt Project

18WAU-0014 R1800077

Appendix A Database Searches

Page 1

NatureMap Species Report

Created By Guest user on 15/08/2018

Current Names Only Core Datasets Only

Method Centre Buffer

Group By

Yes Yes 'By Circle' 116° 20' 44'' E,20° 50' 24'' S 15km Species Group

Species Group Species Records Alga 17 22 Amphibian 2 5 Bird 97 308 Dicotyledon 66 178 Invertebrate 47 78 Mammal 12 59 Monocotyledon 11 31 Reptile 29 198 TOTAL 281 879

Name ID Species Name Naturalised Conservation Code 1Endemic To QueryArea

Alga1. 48409 Acetabularia caliculus

2. 26507 Boergesenia forbesii

3. 26764 Dictyopteris australis

4. 26769 Dictyosphaeria cavernosa

5. 26892 Halimeda discoidea

6. 26949 Hydroclathrus clathratus

7. 27043 Lobophora variegata

8. 44573 Sargassopsis decurrens

9. 42785 Sirophysalis trinodis

10. 27282 Spatoglossum macrodontum

11. 27293 Sphacelaria rigidula

12. Turbinaria mesenterina

13. Turbinaria patula

14. Turbinaria peltata

15. Turbinaria stellulata

16. 27348 Udotea argentea

17. 27349 Udotea flabellum

Amphibian18. 25422 Neobatrachus aquilonius (Northern Burrowing Frog)

19. 25430 Notaden nichollsi (Desert Spadefoot)

Bird20. 41323 Actitis hypoleucos (Common Sandpiper) IA

21. 25670 Anthus australis (Australian Pipit)

22. 24285 Aquila audax (Wedge-tailed Eagle)

23. 24610 Ardeotis australis (Australian Bustard)

24. 25736 Arenaria interpres (Ruddy Turnstone) IA

25. 24778 Arenaria interpres subsp. interpres (Ruddy Turnstone) IA

26. 25567 Artamus leucorynchus (White-breasted Woodswallow)

27. 24354 Artamus leucorynchus subsp. leucopygialis (White-breasted Woodswallow)

28. 24356 Artamus personatus (Masked Woodswallow)

29. 47897 Butorides striata (Striated Heron, Mangrove Heron)

30. 25716 Cacatua sanguinea (Little Corella)

31. 24780 Calidris alba (Sanderling) IA

32. 24784 Calidris ferruginea (Curlew Sandpiper) T

33. 24788 Calidris ruficollis (Red-necked Stint) IA

34. 24790 Calidris tenuirostris (Great Knot) T

35. 25575 Charadrius leschenaultii (Greater Sand Plover) IA

36. 25576 Charadrius mongolus (Lesser Sand Plover) T

37. 24375 Charadrius mongolus subsp. mongolus (Lesser Sand Plover) T

NatureMap is a collaborative project of the Department of Parks and Wildlife and the Western Australian Museum.

Page 2


38. 24377 Charadrius ruficapillus (Red-capped Plover)

39. Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae

40. 24288 Circus approximans (Swamp Harrier)

41. 24289 Circus assimilis (Spotted Harrier)

42. 25675 Colluricincla harmonica (Grey Shrike-thrush)

43. 25568 Coracina novaehollandiae (Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike)

44. 24416 Corvus bennetti (Little Crow)

45. 25593 Corvus orru (Torresian Crow)

46. 25701 Coturnix ypsilophora (Brown Quail)

47. 24420 Cracticus nigrogularis (Pied Butcherbird)

48. 25547 Dacelo leachii (Blue-winged Kookaburra)

49. 24470 Dromaius novaehollandiae (Emu)

50. Egretta novaehollandiae

51. 25540 Elanus caeruleus (Black-shouldered Kite)

52. 24631 Emblema pictum (Painted Finch)

53. 25578 Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus (Black-necked Stork)

54. 24570 Epthianura tricolor (Crimson Chat)

55. 47938 Esacus magnirostris (Beach Stone-curlew, Beach Thick-knee)

56. 25621 Falco berigora (Brown Falcon)

57. 25622 Falco cenchroides (Australian Kestrel, Nankeen Kestrel)

58. 42314 Gavicalis virescens (Singing Honeyeater)

59. 24401 Geopelia cuneata (Diamond Dove)

60. 24402 Geopelia humeralis (Bar-shouldered Dove)

61. 25585 Geopelia striata (Zebra Dove)

62. 24276 Gerygone tenebrosa (Dusky Gerygone)

63. 24443 Grallina cyanoleuca (Magpie-lark)

64. 25627 Haematopus fuliginosus (Sooty Oystercatcher)

65. 24487 Haematopus longirostris (Pied Oystercatcher)

66. 24293 Haliaeetus leucogaster (White-bellied Sea-Eagle)

67. 25541 Haliastur indus (Brahminy Kite)

68. 24295 Haliastur sphenurus (Whistling Kite)

69. 24633 Heteromunia pectoralis (Pictorella Mannikin)

70. 24491 Hirundo neoxena (Welcome Swallow)

71. 48587 Hydroprogne caspia (Caspian Tern) IA

72. 25637 Larus novaehollandiae (Silver Gull)

73. 25661 Lichmera indistincta (Brown Honeyeater)

74. 30932 Limosa lapponica (Bar-tailed Godwit) IA

75. 25651 Malurus lamberti (Variegated Fairy-wren)

76. 25652 Malurus leucopterus (White-winged Fairy-wren)

77. 24736 Melopsittacus undulatus (Budgerigar)

78. 24598 Merops ornatus (Rainbow Bee-eater)

79. 25542 Milvus migrans (Black Kite)

80. 25545 Mirafra javanica (Horsfield's Bushlark, Singing Bushlark)

81. 25742 Numenius phaeopus (Whimbrel) IA

82. 25564 Nycticorax caledonicus (Rufous Night Heron)

83. 24742 Nymphicus hollandicus (Cockatiel)

84. 24407 Ocyphaps lophotes (Crested Pigeon)

85. 24618 Oreoica gutturalis (Crested Bellbird)

86. 24620 Pachycephala lanioides (White-breasted Whistler)

87. 25678 Pachycephala melanura (Mangrove Golden Whistler)

88. 24621 Pachycephala melanura subsp. melanura (Mangrove Golden Whistler)

89. 25680 Pachycephala rufiventris (Rufous Whistler)

90. 48591 Pandion cristatus (Osprey, Eastern Osprey) IA

91. 24627 Pardalotus rubricatus (Red-browed Pardalote)

92. 24648 Pelecanus conspicillatus (Australian Pelican)

93. 48060 Petrochelidon ariel (Fairy Martin)

94. 48061 Petrochelidon nigricans (Tree Martin)

95. 25699 Phalacrocorax varius (Pied Cormorant)

96. 24716 Puffinus pacificus (Wedge-tailed Shearwater) IA

97. 24278 Pyrrholaemus brunneus (Redthroat)

98. 48096 Rhipidura albiscapa (Grey Fantail)

99. 25614 Rhipidura leucophrys (Willie Wagtail)

100. 24457 Rhipidura phasiana (Mangrove Grey Fantail)

101. 30948 Smicrornis brevirostris (Weebill)

102. 24521 Sterna bengalensis (Lesser Crested Tern)

103. 25640 Sterna dougallii (Roseate Tern) IA

104. 25643 Sterna hybrida (Whiskered Tern)

105. 30870 Taeniopygia guttata (Zebra Finch)

106. Thalasseus bengalensis

107. 48597 Thalasseus bergii (Crested Tern) IA


Page 3


108. 25548 Todiramphus chloris (Collared Kingfisher)

109. 24306 Todiramphus chloris subsp. pilbara (Pilbara Collared Kingfisher)

110. 42351 Todiramphus pyrrhopygius (Red-backed Kingfisher)

111. 25549 Todiramphus sanctus (Sacred Kingfisher)

112. 24803 Tringa brevipes (Grey-tailed Tattler) P4

113. 24808 Tringa nebularia (Common Greenshank, greenshank) IA

114. 24809 Tringa stagnatilis (Marsh Sandpiper, little greenshank) IA

115. 24851 Turnix velox (Little Button-quail)

116. 24857 Zosterops luteus (Yellow White-eye)

Dicotyledon117. 3209 Acacia ampliceps

118. 3241 Acacia bivenosa

119. 3270 Acacia coriacea (Wirewood)

120. 29015 Acacia pyrifolia var. pyrifolia

121. 13078 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma

122. 29102 Acacia sp. Airlie Island (V. Long VL 163)

123. 3606 Acacia xiphophylla

124. 2646 Aerva javanica (Kapok Bush) Y

125. 4739 Alectryon oleifolius

126. 11487 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. oleifolius

127. 20018 Amaranthus undulatus

128. 7827 Angianthus cunninghamii (Coast Angianthus)

129. 7838 Arctotheca calendula (Cape Weed, African Marigold) Y

130. 2463 Atriplex isatidea (Coast Saltbush)

131. 2476 Atriplex semilunaris (Annual Saltbush)

132. 6828 Avicennia marina (White Mangrove)

133. 2770 Boerhavia coccinea (Tar Vine, Wituka)

134. Breynia desorii

135. 2864 Calandrinia ptychosperma

136. 3749 Canavalia rosea (Wild Jack Bean)

137. 2988 Cleome viscosa (Tickweed, Tjinduwadhu)

138. 2776 Commicarpus australis (Perennial Tar Vine)

139. 4867 Corchorus walcottii (Woolly Corchorus)

140. 17120 Cullen pogonocarpum

141. 15714 Cullen stipulaceum

142. 6662 Cuscuta australis (Australian Dodder)

143. 13733 Cuscuta victoriana

144. 4623 Euphorbia coghlanii (Namana)

145. 4626 Euphorbia drummondii (Caustic Weed, Piwi)

146. 4635 Euphorbia myrtoides

147. 12097 Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila (Desert Spurge)

148. 35558 Flaveria trinervia (Speedy Weed) Y

149. 5188 Frankenia ambita

150. 7509 Goodenia forrestii

151. 7526 Goodenia microptera

152. 6718 Heliotropium tenuifolium (Mamukata)

153. 6624 Ipomoea costata (Rock Morning Glory, Kanti)

154. 11312 Ipomoea pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis

155. 3038 Lepidium pholidogynum

156. 2567 Maireana tomentosa (Felty Bluebush)

157. 5051 Melhania oblongifolia

158. 2573 Neobassia astrocarpa

159. 6005 Osbornia octodonta (Myrtle Mangrove)

160. 40341 Parthenium hysterophorus (Parthenium Weed) Y

161. 41365 Polygala glaucifolia

162. 8192 Pterocaulon sphacelatum (Apple Bush, Fruit Salad Plant)

163. 2699 Ptilotus axillaris (Mat Mulla Mulla)

164. 2746 Ptilotus nobilis (Tall Mulla Mulla)

165. 2766 Ptilotus villosiflorus

166. 11240 Rhagodia preissii subsp. obovata

167. 5295 Rhizophora stylosa (Spotted-leaved Red Mangrove)

168. 30434 Salsola australis

169. 2357 Santalum lanceolatum (Northern Sandalwood, Yarnguli)

170. 7606 Scaevola crassifolia (Thick-leaved Fan-flower)

171. 7608 Scaevola cunninghamii

172. 7644 Scaevola spinescens (Currant Bush, Maroon)

173. 11650 Sclerolaena bicornis var. bicornis (Goathead Burr)

174. 2616 Sclerolaena glabra

175. 2617 Sclerolaena hostilis

176. 7002 Solanum diversiflorum


Page 4


177. 7009 Solanum gabrielae

178. 2644 Threlkeldia diffusa (Coast Bonefruit)

179. 44360 Trianthema turgidifolium

180. 4380 Tribulus occidentalis (Perennial Caltrop)

181. 4873 Triumfetta appendiculata

182. 11576 Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata

Invertebrate183. Aname mellosa

184. Carenum pulchrum

185. Carenum venustum

186. Cavisternum clavatum

187. Chlaenius australis

188. Copidognathus meridianus

189. Cormocephalus turneri

190. Cryptodus caviceps

191. Cypretta seurati

192. Euasteron carnarvon

193. Gigadema bostocki

194. Grayenulla australensis

195. Grayenulla waldockae

196. Helluapterus niger

197. Knoelle clara

198. Lampona ampeinna

199. Litarachna curtipalpis Y

200. Litarachna denhami Y

201. Lychas sp. 2

202. Lycidas sp. 1

203. Lycidas sp. 2

204. Masasteron tealei

205. Minasteron minusculum

206. Onthophagus consentaneus

207. Onthophagus margaretensis

208. Onthophagus pugnacior

209. Ostracoda (unident.)

210. Pellenes bitaeniata

211. Phorticosomus grandis Y

212. Phorticosomus gularis

213. Phreodrilid with dissimilar ventral chaetae

214. Pilbarascutigera incola

215. Pontarachne dampierensis Y

216. Pontarachne minuta Y

217. Pristina longiseta

218. Rhombognathus delicatulus

219. Rhombognathus levigatus

220. Rhombognathus petraeus Y

221. Rhombognathus scutulatus

222. Sarscypridopsis ochracea

223. Tesserodon granulatum

224. Tesserodon novaehollandiae

225. Tesserodon variolosum

226. Trichocarenum cylindricum

227. Tubificidae WA21 (PSS)

228. Wydundra kennedy

229. Zebraplatys keyserlingi

Mammal230. 24091 Dasykaluta rosamondae (Little Red Kaluta)

231. 24093 Dasyurus hallucatus (Northern Quoll) T

232. 24215 Hydromys chrysogaster (Water-rat, Rakali) P4

233. 24135 Macropus robustus subsp. erubescens (Euro, Biggada)

234. 24223 Mus musculus (House Mouse) Y

235. 24224 Notomys alexis (Spinifex Hopping-mouse)

236. 24234 Pseudomys delicatulus (Delicate Mouse)

237. 24237 Pseudomys hermannsburgensis (Sandy Inland Mouse)

238. 24239 Pseudomys nanus (Western Chestnut Mouse)

239. 24245 Rattus rattus (Black Rat) Y

240. 24246 Rattus tunneyi (Pale Field-rat)

241. 24116 Sminthopsis macroura (Stripe-faced Dunnart)

Monocotyledon242. 258 Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel Grass)


Page 5


Y

243. 266 Chloris barbata (Purpletop Chloris) Y

244. 269 Chloris pectinata (Comb Chloris)

245. 777 Cyperus bulbosus (Bush Onion, Tjanmata)

246. 12811 Cyperus cunninghamii subsp. cunninghamii

247. 806 Cyperus polystachyos (Bunchy Sedge)

248. 357 Enneapogon caerulescens (Limestone Grass)

249. 381 Eragrostis falcata (Sickle Lovegrass)

250. 625 Spinifex longifolius (Beach Spinifex)

251. 13131 Triodia epactia

252. 696 Triodia pungens (Soft Spinifex)

Reptile253. 25017 Carlia triacantha (Desert Rainbow Skink)

254. 25336 Chelonia mydas (Green Turtle) T

255. 25459 Ctenophorus isolepis (Crested Dragon, Military Dragon)

256. 24876 Ctenophorus isolepis subsp. isolepis (Crested Dragon, Military Dragon)

257. 24882 Ctenophorus nuchalis (Central Netted Dragon)

258. 25045 Ctenotus helenae

259. 25463 Ctenotus pantherinus (Leopard Ctenotus)

260. 25077 Ctenotus serventyi

261. 25001 Delma nasuta

262. 24926 Diplodactylus conspicillatus (Fat-tailed Gecko)

263. 42404 Eremiascincus isolepis

264. 25473 Eretmochelys imbricata (Hawksbill Turtle) T

265. 24957 Gehyra purpurascens

266. 24959 Gehyra variegata

267. 24961 Heteronotia binoei (Bynoe's Gecko)

268. 25125 Lerista bipes

269. 30928 Lerista clara

270. 25146 Lerista labialis

271. 25005 Lialis burtonis

272. 30933 Lucasium stenodactylum

273. 25184 Menetia greyii

274. 25344 Natator depressus (Flatback Turtle) T

275. 25497 Nephrurus levis

276. 24969 Nephrurus levis subsp. pilbarensis

277. 25510 Pogona minor (Dwarf Bearded Dragon)

278. 25261 Pseudechis australis (Mulga Snake)

279. 24946 Strophurus strophurus

280. 25212 Varanus eremius (Pygmy Desert Monitor)

281. Varanus sp.

Conservation CodesT - Rare or likely to become extinctX - Presumed extinctIA - Protected under international agreementS - Other specially protected fauna1 - Priority 12 - Priority 23 - Priority 34 - Priority 45 - Priority 5

1 For NatureMap's purposes, species flagged as endemic are those whose records are wholely contained within the search area. Note that only those records complying with the search criterion are included in the

calculation. For example, if you limit records to those from a specific datasource, only records from that datasource are used to determine if a species is restricted to the query area.


EPBC Act Protected Matters Report

This report provides general guidance on matters of national environmental significance and other mattersprotected by the EPBC Act in the area you have selected.

Information on the coverage of this report and qualifications on data supporting this report are contained in thecaveat at the end of the report.

Information is available about Environment Assessments and the EPBC Act including significance guidelines,forms and application process details.

Other Matters Protected by the EPBC Act

Acknowledgements

Buffer: 10.0Km

Matters of NES

Report created: 15/08/18 12:15:34

Coordinates

This map may contain data which are©Commonwealth of Australia(Geoscience Australia), ©PSMA 2010

CaveatExtra Information

DetailsSummary

http://www.environment.gov.au/protection/environment-assessments

Summary

This part of the report summarises the matters of national environmental significance that may occur in, or mayrelate to, the area you nominated. Further information is available in the detail part of the report, which can beaccessed by scrolling or following the links below. If you are proposing to undertake an activity that may have asignificant impact on one or more matters of national environmental significance then you should consider theAdministrative Guidelines on Significance.

Matters of National Environmental Significance

Listed Threatened Ecological Communities:

Listed Migratory Species:

None

Great Barrier Reef Marine Park:

Wetlands of International Importance:

Listed Threatened Species:

None

28

None

None

National Heritage Places:

Commonwealth Marine Area:

World Heritage Properties:

None

None

40

The EPBC Act protects the environment on Commonwealth land, the environment from the actions taken onCommonwealth land, and the environment from actions taken by Commonwealth agencies. As heritage values of aplace are part of the 'environment', these aspects of the EPBC Act protect the Commonwealth Heritage values of aCommonwealth Heritage place. Information on the new heritage laws can be found athttp://www.environment.gov.au/heritage

This part of the report summarises other matters protected under the Act that may relate to the area you nominated.Approval may be required for a proposed activity that significantly affects the environment on Commonwealth land,when the action is outside the Commonwealth land, or the environment anywhere when the action is taken onCommonwealth land. Approval may also be required for the Commonwealth or Commonwealth agencies proposing totake an action that is likely to have a significant impact on the environment anywhere.

A permit may be required for activities in or on a Commonwealth area that may affect a member of a listed threatenedspecies or ecological community, a member of a listed migratory species, whales and other cetaceans, or a member ofa listed marine species.


None

None

12

Listed Marine Species:

Whales and Other Cetaceans:

76

Commonwealth Heritage Places:

None

None

Critical Habitats:

Commonwealth Land:

Commonwealth Reserves Terrestrial:

NoneAustralian Marine Parks:

Extra Information

This part of the report provides information that may also be relevant to the area you have nominated.

None

NoneState and Territory Reserves:

Nationally Important Wetlands:

NoneRegional Forest Agreements:

Invasive Species: 7

NoneKey Ecological Features (Marine)

http://www.environment.gov.au/protection/environment-assessments

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/permits-and-application-forms

Details

Listed Threatened Species [ Resource Information ]Name Status Type of PresenceBirds

Red Knot, Knot [855] Endangered Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Calidris canutus

Curlew Sandpiper [856] Critically Endangered Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Calidris ferruginea

Bar-tailed Godwit (baueri), Western Alaskan Bar-tailedGodwit [86380]

Vulnerable Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Limosa lapponica baueri

Northern Siberian Bar-tailed Godwit, Bar-tailed Godwit(menzbieri) [86432]

Critically Endangered Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Limosa lapponica menzbieri

Southern Giant-Petrel, Southern Giant Petrel [1060] Endangered Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Macronectes giganteus

Eastern Curlew, Far Eastern Curlew [847] Critically Endangered Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Numenius madagascariensis

Night Parrot [59350] Endangered Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Pezoporus occidentalis

Australian Painted-snipe, Australian Painted Snipe[77037]

Endangered Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Rostratula australis

Australian Fairy Tern [82950] Vulnerable Breeding known to occurwithin area

Sternula nereis nereis

Mammals

Blue Whale [36] Endangered Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Balaenoptera musculus

Northern Quoll, Digul [Gogo-Yimidir], Wijingadda[Dambimangari], Wiminji [Martu] [331]

Endangered Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Dasyurus hallucatus

Ghost Bat [174] Vulnerable Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Macroderma gigas

Greater Bilby [282] Vulnerable Species or speciesMacrotis lagotis

Matters of National Environmental Significance

Name Status Type of Presencehabitat likely to occur withinarea

Humpback Whale [38] Vulnerable Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Megaptera novaeangliae

Pilbara Leaf-nosed Bat [82790] Vulnerable Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Rhinonicteris aurantia (Pilbara form)

Reptiles

Short-nosed Seasnake [1115] Critically Endangered Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Aipysurus apraefrontalis

Loggerhead Turtle [1763] Endangered Foraging, feeding or relatedbehaviour known to occurwithin area

Caretta caretta

Green Turtle [1765] Vulnerable Breeding known to occurwithin area

Chelonia mydas

Northwestern Coastal Ctenotus, Airlie Island Ctenotus[25937]

Vulnerable Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Ctenotus angusticeps

Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth [1768] Endangered Breeding likely to occurwithin area


Hawksbill Turtle [1766] Vulnerable Breeding known to occurwithin area

Eretmochelys imbricata

Olive Python (Pilbara subspecies) [66699] Vulnerable Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Liasis olivaceus barroni

Flatback Turtle [59257] Vulnerable Breeding known to occurwithin area

Natator depressus

Sharks

Grey Nurse Shark (west coast population) [68752] Vulnerable Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Carcharias taurus (west coast population)

White Shark, Great White Shark [64470] Vulnerable Species or species habitatmay occur within area


Dwarf Sawfish, Queensland Sawfish [68447] Vulnerable Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Pristis clavata

Green Sawfish, Dindagubba, Narrowsnout Sawfish[68442]

Vulnerable Breeding likely to occurwithin area

Pristis zijsron

Whale Shark [66680] Vulnerable Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Rhincodon typus

Listed Migratory Species [ Resource Information ]* Species is listed under a different scientific name on the EPBC Act - Threatened Species list.Name Threatened Type of PresenceMigratory Marine Birds

Common Noddy [825] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Anous stolidus

Fork-tailed Swift [678] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Apus pacificus

Name Threatened Type of Presence

Wedge-tailed Shearwater [84292] Breeding known to occurwithin area

Ardenna pacifica

Streaked Shearwater [1077] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Calonectris leucomelas

Lesser Frigatebird, Least Frigatebird [1012] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Fregata ariel



Roseate Tern [817] Foraging, feeding or relatedbehaviour likely to occurwithin area

Sterna dougallii

Migratory Marine Species

Narrow Sawfish, Knifetooth Sawfish [68448] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Anoxypristis cuspidata

Bryde's Whale [35] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Balaenoptera edeni



White Shark, Great White Shark [64470] Vulnerable Species or species habitatmay occur within area



Caretta caretta


Chelonia mydas



Dugong [28] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Dugong dugon



Reef Manta Ray, Coastal Manta Ray, Inshore MantaRay, Prince Alfred's Ray, Resident Manta Ray [84994]

Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Manta alfredi

Giant Manta Ray, Chevron Manta Ray, Pacific MantaRay, Pelagic Manta Ray, Oceanic Manta Ray [84995]

Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Manta birostris

Humpback Whale [38] Vulnerable Species or species habitatknown to occur within area



Natator depressus

Killer Whale, Orca [46] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Orcinus orca


Dwarf Sawfish, Queensland Sawfish [68447] Vulnerable Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Pristis clavata

Green Sawfish, Dindagubba, Narrowsnout Sawfish[68442]

Vulnerable Breeding likely to occurwithin area

Pristis zijsron

Whale Shark [66680] Vulnerable Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Rhincodon typus

Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin [50] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Sousa chinensis

Spotted Bottlenose Dolphin (Arafura/Timor Seapopulations) [78900]


Tursiops aduncus (Arafura/Timor Sea populations)

Migratory Terrestrial Species

Barn Swallow [662] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hirundo rustica

Grey Wagtail [642] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Motacilla cinerea

Yellow Wagtail [644] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Motacilla flava

Migratory Wetlands Species

Common Sandpiper [59309] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Actitis hypoleucos

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper [874] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Calidris acuminata


Calidris canutus


Calidris ferruginea

Pectoral Sandpiper [858] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Calidris melanotos

Oriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel [882] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Charadrius veredus

Oriental Pratincole [840] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Glareola maldivarum

Bar-tailed Godwit [844] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Limosa lapponica



Osprey [952] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Pandion haliaetus


Common Greenshank, Greenshank [832] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Tringa nebularia

Listed Marine Species [ Resource Information ]* Species is listed under a different scientific name on the EPBC Act - Threatened Species list.Name Threatened Type of PresenceBirds

Common Sandpiper [59309] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Actitis hypoleucos

Common Noddy [825] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Anous stolidus

Fork-tailed Swift [678] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Apus pacificus

Great Egret, White Egret [59541] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Ardea alba

Cattle Egret [59542] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Ardea ibis

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper [874] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Calidris acuminata


Calidris canutus


Calidris ferruginea

Pectoral Sandpiper [858] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Calidris melanotos

Streaked Shearwater [1077] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Calonectris leucomelas



Oriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel [882] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Charadrius veredus

Black-eared Cuckoo [705] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Chrysococcyx osculans

Lesser Frigatebird, Least Frigatebird [1012] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Fregata ariel

Oriental Pratincole [840] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Glareola maldivarum

White-bellied Sea-Eagle [943] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Haliaeetus leucogaster

Barn Swallow [662] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hirundo rustica

Bar-tailed Godwit [844] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Limosa lapponica



Rainbow Bee-eater [670] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Merops ornatus

Grey Wagtail [642] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Motacilla cinerea

Yellow Wagtail [644] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Motacilla flava



Osprey [952] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Pandion haliaetus

Wedge-tailed Shearwater [1027] Breeding known to occurwithin area

Puffinus pacificus

Painted Snipe [889] Endangered* Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Rostratula benghalensis (sensu lato)

Roseate Tern [817] Foraging, feeding or relatedbehaviour likely to occurwithin area

Sterna dougallii

Common Greenshank, Greenshank [832] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Tringa nebularia

Fish

Braun's Pughead Pipefish, Pug-headed Pipefish[66189]

Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Bulbonaricus brauni


Three-keel Pipefish [66192] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Campichthys tricarinatus

Pacific Short-bodied Pipefish, Short-bodied Pipefish[66194]


Choeroichthys brachysoma

Pig-snouted Pipefish [66198] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Choeroichthys suillus

Cleaner Pipefish, Janss' Pipefish [66212] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Doryrhamphus janssi

Flagtail Pipefish, Masthead Island Pipefish [66213] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Doryrhamphus negrosensis

Ladder Pipefish [66216] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Festucalex scalaris

Tiger Pipefish [66217] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Filicampus tigris

Brock's Pipefish [66219] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Halicampus brocki

Mud Pipefish, Gray's Pipefish [66221] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Halicampus grayi

Glittering Pipefish [66224] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Halicampus nitidus

Spiny-snout Pipefish [66225] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Halicampus spinirostris

Ribboned Pipehorse, Ribboned Seadragon [66226] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Haliichthys taeniophorus

Beady Pipefish, Steep-nosed Pipefish [66231] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hippichthys penicillus

Western Spiny Seahorse, Narrow-bellied Seahorse[66234]


Hippocampus angustus

Spiny Seahorse, Thorny Seahorse [66236] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hippocampus histrix

Spotted Seahorse, Yellow Seahorse [66237] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hippocampus kuda

Flat-face Seahorse [66238] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hippocampus planifrons

Three-spot Seahorse, Low-crowned Seahorse, Flat-faced Seahorse [66720]


Hippocampus trimaculatus


Tidepool Pipefish [66255] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Micrognathus micronotopterus

Pallid Pipehorse, Hardwick's Pipehorse [66272] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Solegnathus hardwickii

Gunther's Pipehorse, Indonesian Pipefish [66273] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Solegnathus lettiensis

Robust Ghostpipefish, Blue-finned Ghost Pipefish,[66183]


Solenostomus cyanopterus

Double-end Pipehorse, Double-ended Pipehorse,Alligator Pipefish [66279]


Syngnathoides biaculeatus

Bentstick Pipefish, Bend Stick Pipefish, Short-tailedPipefish [66280]


Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus

Straightstick Pipefish, Long-nosed Pipefish, StraightStick Pipefish [66281]


Trachyrhamphus longirostris

Mammals

Dugong [28] Species or species habitatknown to occur within area

Dugong dugon

Reptiles

Horned Seasnake [1114] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Acalyptophis peronii

Short-nosed Seasnake [1115] Critically Endangered Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Aipysurus apraefrontalis

Dubois' Seasnake [1116] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Aipysurus duboisii

Spine-tailed Seasnake [1117] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Aipysurus eydouxii

Olive Seasnake [1120] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Aipysurus laevis

Brown-lined Seasnake [1121] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Aipysurus tenuis

Stokes' Seasnake [1122] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Astrotia stokesii


Caretta caretta


Chelonia mydas




Spectacled Seasnake [1123] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Disteira kingii

Olive-headed Seasnake [1124] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Disteira major

Turtle-headed Seasnake [1125] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Emydocephalus annulatus

North-western Mangrove Seasnake [1127] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Ephalophis greyi



Black-ringed Seasnake [1100] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hydrelaps darwiniensis

Fine-spined Seasnake [59233] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hydrophis czeblukovi

Elegant Seasnake [1104] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hydrophis elegans

null [25926] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hydrophis mcdowelli

Spotted Seasnake, Ornate Reef Seasnake [1111] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Hydrophis ornatus


Natator depressus

Yellow-bellied Seasnake [1091] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Pelamis platurus

Whales and other Cetaceans [ Resource Information ]Name Status Type of PresenceMammals

Minke Whale [33] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Balaenoptera acutorostrata

Bryde's Whale [35] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Balaenoptera edeni



Common Dophin, Short-beaked Common Dolphin [60] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Delphinus delphis

Risso's Dolphin, Grampus [64] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Grampus griseus

Humpback Whale [38] Vulnerable Species or species habitatknown to occur


Name Status Type of Presencewithin area

Killer Whale, Orca [46] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Orcinus orca

Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin [50] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Sousa chinensis

Spotted Dolphin, Pantropical Spotted Dolphin [51] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Stenella attenuata

Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin, Spotted BottlenoseDolphin [68418]


Tursiops aduncus

Spotted Bottlenose Dolphin (Arafura/Timor Seapopulations) [78900]


Tursiops aduncus (Arafura/Timor Sea populations)

Bottlenose Dolphin [68417] Species or species habitatmay occur within area

Tursiops truncatus s. str.

Extra Information

Invasive Species [ Resource Information ]Weeds reported here are the 20 species of national significance (WoNS), along with other introduced plantsthat are considered by the States and Territories to pose a particularly significant threat to biodiversity. Thefollowing feral animals are reported: Goat, Red Fox, Cat, Rabbit, Pig, Water Buffalo and Cane Toad. Maps fromLandscape Health Project, National Land and Water Resouces Audit, 2001.

Name Status Type of PresenceMammals

Domestic Dog [82654] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Canis lupus familiaris

Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat [19] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Felis catus

Rabbit, European Rabbit [128] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Oryctolagus cuniculus

Red Fox, Fox [18] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Vulpes vulpes

Plants

Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass [20213] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Cenchrus ciliaris

Parkinsonia, Jerusalem Thorn, Jelly Bean Tree, HorseBean [12301]


Parkinsonia aculeata

Name Status Type of Presence

Mesquite, Algaroba [68407] Species or species habitatlikely to occur within area

Prosopis spp.

- non-threatened seabirds which have only been mapped for recorded breeding sites

- migratory species that are very widespread, vagrant, or only occur in small numbers

- some species and ecological communities that have only recently been listed

Not all species listed under the EPBC Act have been mapped (see below) and therefore a report is a general guide only. Where available datasupports mapping, the type of presence that can be determined from the data is indicated in general terms. People using this information in makinga referral may need to consider the qualifications below and may need to seek and consider other information sources.

For threatened ecological communities where the distribution is well known, maps are derived from recovery plans, State vegetation maps, remotesensing imagery and other sources. Where threatened ecological community distributions are less well known, existing vegetation maps and pointlocation data are used to produce indicative distribution maps.

- seals which have only been mapped for breeding sites near the Australian continent

Such breeding sites may be important for the protection of the Commonwealth Marine environment.

Threatened, migratory and marine species distributions have been derived through a variety of methods. Where distributions are well known and iftime permits, maps are derived using either thematic spatial data (i.e. vegetation, soils, geology, elevation, aspect, terrain, etc) together with pointlocations and described habitat; or environmental modelling (MAXENT or BIOCLIM habitat modelling) using point locations and environmental datalayers.

The information presented in this report has been provided by a range of data sources as acknowledged at the end of the report.Caveat

- migratory and

The following species and ecological communities have not been mapped and do not appear in reports produced from this database:

- marine

This report is designed to assist in identifying the locations of places which may be relevant in determining obligations under the EnvironmentProtection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. It holds mapped locations of World and National Heritage properties, Wetlands of Internationaland National Importance, Commonwealth and State/Territory reserves, listed threatened, migratory and marine species and listed threatenedecological communities. Mapping of Commonwealth land is not complete at this stage. Maps have been collated from a range of sources at variousresolutions.

- threatened species listed as extinct or considered as vagrants

- some terrestrial species that overfly the Commonwealth marine area

The following groups have been mapped, but may not cover the complete distribution of the species:

Only selected species covered by the following provisions of the EPBC Act have been mapped:

Where very little information is available for species or large number of maps are required in a short time-frame, maps are derived either from 0.04or 0.02 decimal degree cells; by an automated process using polygon capture techniques (static two kilometre grid cells, alpha-hull and convex hull);or captured manually or by using topographic features (national park boundaries, islands, etc). In the early stages of the distribution mappingprocess (1999-early 2000s) distributions were defined by degree blocks, 100K or 250K map sheets to rapidly create distribution maps. More reliabledistribution mapping methods are used to update these distributions as time permits.

-20.83855 116.3455

Coordinates

-Environment and Planning Directorate, ACT-Birdlife Australia-Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme

-Department of Parks and Wildlife, Western Australia

Acknowledgements

-Office of Environment and Heritage, New South Wales

-Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Tasmania

-Department of Land and Resource Management, Northern Territory-Department of Environmental and Heritage Protection, Queensland

-Department of Environment and Primary Industries, Victoria

-Australian National Wildlife Collection

-Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, South Australia

This database has been compiled from a range of data sources. The department acknowledges the followingcustodians who have contributed valuable data and advice:

-Australian Museum

-National Herbarium of NSW

Forestry Corporation, NSW-Australian Government, Department of Defence

-State Herbarium of South Australia

The Department is extremely grateful to the many organisations and individuals who provided expert adviceand information on numerous draft distributions.

-Natural history museums of Australia

-Queensland Museum

-Australian National Herbarium, Canberra

-Royal Botanic Gardens and National Herbarium of Victoria

-Geoscience Australia

-Ocean Biogeographic Information System

-Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums-Queensland Herbarium

-Western Australian Herbarium

-Tasmanian Herbarium

-Northern Territory Herbarium

-South Australian Museum

-Museum Victoria

-University of New England

-CSIRO

-Other groups and individuals-Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart, Tasmania

-Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory

-Reef Life Survey Australia-Australian Institute of Marine Science-Australian Government National Environmental Science Program

-Australian Tropical Herbarium, Cairns

-Australian Government – Australian Antarctic Data Centre

-Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Inveresk, Tasmania

-eBird Australia

-American Museum of Natural History

© Commonwealth of Australia

+61 2 6274 1111

Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

GPO Box 787

Department of the Environment

Please feel free to provide feedback via the Contact Us page.

http://www.environment.act.gov.au/

http://birdlife.org.au/

http://www.environment.gov.au/science/bird-and-bat-banding

http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/

http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/

http://dpipwe.tas.gov.au/

https://nt.gov.au/environment/environment-data-maps

http://www.ehp.qld.gov.au/

http://www.depi.vic.gov.au/home

http://www.csiro.au/en/Research/Collections/ANWC

http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/Home

http://australianmuseum.net.au/

http://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/science/Herbarium_and_resources/nsw_herbarium

http://www.forestrycorporation.com.au/

http://www.defence.gov.au/

http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/Science/Science_research/State_Herbarium

http://www.qm.qld.gov.au/

http://www.anbg.gov.au/cpbr/herbarium/

http://www.rbg.vic.gov.au/science/herbarium-and-resources/national-herbarium-of-victoria

http://www.ga.gov.au/

http://www.iobis.org/

http://ozcam.org.au/

http://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/plants/herbarium/

http://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/plants-and-animals/wa-herbarium

http://www.tmag.tas.gov.au/collections_and_research/tasmanian_herbarium

https://nt.gov.au/environment/native-plants/native-plants-and-nt-herbarium

http://www.samuseum.sa.gov.au/

http://museumvictoria.com.au/

http://www.une.edu.au

http://www.csiro.au/

http://www.tmag.tas.gov.au/

http://www.magnt.net.au/

http://reeflifesurvey.com/reef-life-survey/rls-australia/

http://www.aims.gov.au/

https://www.environment.gov.au/science/nerp

https://www.ath.org.au/

https://data.aad.gov.au/

http://www.qvmag.tas.gov.au/qvmag/

http://ebird.org/content/australia/

http://www.amnh.org/

http://www.environment.gov.au/copyright-statement

http://www.environment.gov.au/about-us/contact-us

Page 1

NatureMap Species Report

Created By Guest user on 15/08/2018

Current Names Only Core Datasets Only

Method Centre Buffer

Group By

Yes Yes 'By Circle' 116° 20' 44'' E,20° 50' 24'' S 15km Conservation Status

Conservation Status Species Records Non-conservation taxon 256 802 Priority 4 2 9 Protected under international agreement 15 44 Rare or likely to become extinct 8 24 TOTAL 281 879


Rare or likely to become extinct1. 24784 Calidris ferruginea (Curlew Sandpiper) T

2. 24790 Calidris tenuirostris (Great Knot) T

3. 25576 Charadrius mongolus (Lesser Sand Plover) T

4. 24375 Charadrius mongolus subsp. mongolus (Lesser Sand Plover) T

5. 25336 Chelonia mydas (Green Turtle) T

6. 24093 Dasyurus hallucatus (Northern Quoll) T

7. 25473 Eretmochelys imbricata (Hawksbill Turtle) T

8. 25344 Natator depressus (Flatback Turtle) T

Protected under international agreement9. 41323 Actitis hypoleucos (Common Sandpiper) IA

10. 25736 Arenaria interpres (Ruddy Turnstone) IA

11. 24778 Arenaria interpres subsp. interpres (Ruddy Turnstone) IA

12. 24780 Calidris alba (Sanderling) IA

13. 24788 Calidris ruficollis (Red-necked Stint) IA

14. 25575 Charadrius leschenaultii (Greater Sand Plover) IA

15. 48587 Hydroprogne caspia (Caspian Tern) IA

16. 30932 Limosa lapponica (Bar-tailed Godwit) IA

17. 25742 Numenius phaeopus (Whimbrel) IA

18. 48591 Pandion cristatus (Osprey, Eastern Osprey) IA

19. 24716 Puffinus pacificus (Wedge-tailed Shearwater) IA

20. 25640 Sterna dougallii (Roseate Tern) IA

21. 48597 Thalasseus bergii (Crested Tern) IA

22. 24808 Tringa nebularia (Common Greenshank, greenshank) IA

23. 24809 Tringa stagnatilis (Marsh Sandpiper, little greenshank) IA

Priority 424. 24215 Hydromys chrysogaster (Water-rat, Rakali) P4

25. 24803 Tringa brevipes (Grey-tailed Tattler) P4

Non-conservation taxon26. 3209 Acacia ampliceps

27. 3241 Acacia bivenosa

28. 3270 Acacia coriacea (Wirewood)

29. 29015 Acacia pyrifolia var. pyrifolia

30. 13078 Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma

31. 29102 Acacia sp. Airlie Island (V. Long VL 163)

32. 3606 Acacia xiphophylla

33. 48409 Acetabularia caliculus

34. 2646 Aerva javanica (Kapok Bush) Y

35. 4739 Alectryon oleifolius

36. 11487 Alectryon oleifolius subsp. oleifolius

37. 20018 Amaranthus undulatus

38. Aname mellosa


Page 2


39. 7827 Angianthus cunninghamii (Coast Angianthus)

40. 25670 Anthus australis (Australian Pipit)

41. 24285 Aquila audax (Wedge-tailed Eagle)

42. 7838 Arctotheca calendula (Cape Weed, African Marigold) Y

43. 24610 Ardeotis australis (Australian Bustard)

44. 25567 Artamus leucorynchus (White-breasted Woodswallow)

45. 24354 Artamus leucorynchus subsp. leucopygialis (White-breasted Woodswallow)

46. 24356 Artamus personatus (Masked Woodswallow)

47. 2463 Atriplex isatidea (Coast Saltbush)

48. 2476 Atriplex semilunaris (Annual Saltbush)

49. 6828 Avicennia marina (White Mangrove)

50. 26507 Boergesenia forbesii

51. 2770 Boerhavia coccinea (Tar Vine, Wituka)

52. Breynia desorii

53. 47897 Butorides striata (Striated Heron, Mangrove Heron)

54. 25716 Cacatua sanguinea (Little Corella)

55. 2864 Calandrinia ptychosperma

56. 3749 Canavalia rosea (Wild Jack Bean)

57. Carenum pulchrum

58. Carenum venustum

59. 25017 Carlia triacantha (Desert Rainbow Skink)

60. Cavisternum clavatum

61. 258 Cenchrus ciliaris (Buffel Grass) Y

62. 24377 Charadrius ruficapillus (Red-capped Plover)

63. Chlaenius australis

64. 266 Chloris barbata (Purpletop Chloris) Y

65. 269 Chloris pectinata (Comb Chloris)

66. Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae

67. 24288 Circus approximans (Swamp Harrier)

68. 24289 Circus assimilis (Spotted Harrier)

69. 2988 Cleome viscosa (Tickweed, Tjinduwadhu)

70. 25675 Colluricincla harmonica (Grey Shrike-thrush)

71. 2776 Commicarpus australis (Perennial Tar Vine)

72. Copidognathus meridianus

73. 25568 Coracina novaehollandiae (Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike)

74. 4867 Corchorus walcottii (Woolly Corchorus)

75. Cormocephalus turneri

76. 24416 Corvus bennetti (Little Crow)

77. 25593 Corvus orru (Torresian Crow)

78. 25701 Coturnix ypsilophora (Brown Quail)

79. 24420 Cracticus nigrogularis (Pied Butcherbird)

80. Cryptodus caviceps

81. 25459 Ctenophorus isolepis (Crested Dragon, Military Dragon)

82. 24876 Ctenophorus isolepis subsp. isolepis (Crested Dragon, Military Dragon)

83. 24882 Ctenophorus nuchalis (Central Netted Dragon)

84. 25045 Ctenotus helenae

85. 25463 Ctenotus pantherinus (Leopard Ctenotus)

86. 25077 Ctenotus serventyi

87. 17120 Cullen pogonocarpum

88. 15714 Cullen stipulaceum

89. 6662 Cuscuta australis (Australian Dodder)

90. 13733 Cuscuta victoriana

91. 777 Cyperus bulbosus (Bush Onion, Tjanmata)

92. 12811 Cyperus cunninghamii subsp. cunninghamii

93. 806 Cyperus polystachyos (Bunchy Sedge)

94. Cypretta seurati

95. 25547 Dacelo leachii (Blue-winged Kookaburra)

96. 24091 Dasykaluta rosamondae (Little Red Kaluta)

97. 25001 Delma nasuta

98. 26764 Dictyopteris australis

99. 26769 Dictyosphaeria cavernosa

100. 24926 Diplodactylus conspicillatus (Fat-tailed Gecko)

101. 24470 Dromaius novaehollandiae (Emu)

102. Egretta novaehollandiae

103. 25540 Elanus caeruleus (Black-shouldered Kite)

104. 24631 Emblema pictum (Painted Finch)

105. 357 Enneapogon caerulescens (Limestone Grass)

106. 25578 Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus (Black-necked Stork)

107. 24570 Epthianura tricolor (Crimson Chat)

108. 381 Eragrostis falcata (Sickle Lovegrass)


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109. 42404 Eremiascincus isolepis

110. 47938 Esacus magnirostris (Beach Stone-curlew, Beach Thick-knee)

111. Euasteron carnarvon

112. 4623 Euphorbia coghlanii (Namana)

113. 4626 Euphorbia drummondii (Caustic Weed, Piwi)

114. 4635 Euphorbia myrtoides

115. 12097 Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila (Desert Spurge)

116. 25621 Falco berigora (Brown Falcon)

117. 25622 Falco cenchroides (Australian Kestrel, Nankeen Kestrel)

118. 35558 Flaveria trinervia (Speedy Weed) Y

119. 5188 Frankenia ambita

120. 42314 Gavicalis virescens (Singing Honeyeater)

121. 24957 Gehyra purpurascens

122. 24959 Gehyra variegata

123. 24401 Geopelia cuneata (Diamond Dove)

124. 24402 Geopelia humeralis (Bar-shouldered Dove)

125. 25585 Geopelia striata (Zebra Dove)

126. 24276 Gerygone tenebrosa (Dusky Gerygone)

127. Gigadema bostocki

128. 7509 Goodenia forrestii

129. 7526 Goodenia microptera

130. 24443 Grallina cyanoleuca (Magpie-lark)

131. Grayenulla australensis

132. Grayenulla waldockae

133. 25627 Haematopus fuliginosus (Sooty Oystercatcher)

134. 24487 Haematopus longirostris (Pied Oystercatcher)

135. 24293 Haliaeetus leucogaster (White-bellied Sea-Eagle)

136. 25541 Haliastur indus (Brahminy Kite)

137. 24295 Haliastur sphenurus (Whistling Kite)

138. 26892 Halimeda discoidea

139. 6718 Heliotropium tenuifolium (Mamukata)

140. Helluapterus niger

141. 24633 Heteromunia pectoralis (Pictorella Mannikin)

142. 24961 Heteronotia binoei (Bynoe's Gecko)

143. 24491 Hirundo neoxena (Welcome Swallow)

144. 26949 Hydroclathrus clathratus

145. 6624 Ipomoea costata (Rock Morning Glory, Kanti)

146. 11312 Ipomoea pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis

147. Knoelle clara

148. Lampona ampeinna

149. 25637 Larus novaehollandiae (Silver Gull)

150. 3038 Lepidium pholidogynum

151. 25125 Lerista bipes

152. 30928 Lerista clara

153. 25146 Lerista labialis

154. 25005 Lialis burtonis

155. 25661 Lichmera indistincta (Brown Honeyeater)

156. Litarachna curtipalpis Y

157. Litarachna denhami Y

158. 27043 Lobophora variegata

159. 30933 Lucasium stenodactylum

160. Lychas sp. 2

161. Lycidas sp. 1

162. Lycidas sp. 2

163. 24135 Macropus robustus subsp. erubescens (Euro, Biggada)

164. 2567 Maireana tomentosa (Felty Bluebush)

165. 25651 Malurus lamberti (Variegated Fairy-wren)

166. 25652 Malurus leucopterus (White-winged Fairy-wren)

167. Masasteron tealei

168. 5051 Melhania oblongifolia

169. 24736 Melopsittacus undulatus (Budgerigar)

170. 25184 Menetia greyii

171. 24598 Merops ornatus (Rainbow Bee-eater)

172. 25542 Milvus migrans (Black Kite)

173. Minasteron minusculum

174. 25545 Mirafra javanica (Horsfield's Bushlark, Singing Bushlark)

175. 24223 Mus musculus (House Mouse) Y

176. 2573 Neobassia astrocarpa

177. 25422 Neobatrachus aquilonius (Northern Burrowing Frog)

178. 25497 Nephrurus levis


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179. 24969 Nephrurus levis subsp. pilbarensis

180. 25430 Notaden nichollsi (Desert Spadefoot)

181. 24224 Notomys alexis (Spinifex Hopping-mouse)

182. 25564 Nycticorax caledonicus (Rufous Night Heron)

183. 24742 Nymphicus hollandicus (Cockatiel)

184. 24407 Ocyphaps lophotes (Crested Pigeon)

185. Onthophagus consentaneus

186. Onthophagus margaretensis

187. Onthophagus pugnacior

188. 24618 Oreoica gutturalis (Crested Bellbird)

189. 6005 Osbornia octodonta (Myrtle Mangrove)

190. Ostracoda (unident.)

191. 24620 Pachycephala lanioides (White-breasted Whistler)

192. 25678 Pachycephala melanura (Mangrove Golden Whistler)

193. 24621 Pachycephala melanura subsp. melanura (Mangrove Golden Whistler)

194. 25680 Pachycephala rufiventris (Rufous Whistler)

195. 24627 Pardalotus rubricatus (Red-browed Pardalote)

196. 40341 Parthenium hysterophorus (Parthenium Weed) Y

197. 24648 Pelecanus conspicillatus (Australian Pelican)

198. Pellenes bitaeniata

199. 48060 Petrochelidon ariel (Fairy Martin)

200. 48061 Petrochelidon nigricans (Tree Martin)

201. 25699 Phalacrocorax varius (Pied Cormorant)

202. Phorticosomus grandis Y

203. Phorticosomus gularis

204. Phreodrilid with dissimilar ventral chaetae

205. Pilbarascutigera incola

206. 25510 Pogona minor (Dwarf Bearded Dragon)

207. 41365 Polygala glaucifolia

208. Pontarachne dampierensis Y

209. Pontarachne minuta Y

210. Pristina longiseta

211. 25261 Pseudechis australis (Mulga Snake)

212. 24234 Pseudomys delicatulus (Delicate Mouse)

213. 24237 Pseudomys hermannsburgensis (Sandy Inland Mouse)

214. 24239 Pseudomys nanus (Western Chestnut Mouse)

215. 8192 Pterocaulon sphacelatum (Apple Bush, Fruit Salad Plant)

216. 2699 Ptilotus axillaris (Mat Mulla Mulla)

217. 2746 Ptilotus nobilis (Tall Mulla Mulla)

218. 2766 Ptilotus villosiflorus

219. 24278 Pyrrholaemus brunneus (Redthroat)

220. 24245 Rattus rattus (Black Rat) Y

221. 24246 Rattus tunneyi (Pale Field-rat)

222. 11240 Rhagodia preissii subsp. obovata

223. 48096 Rhipidura albiscapa (Grey Fantail)

224. 25614 Rhipidura leucophrys (Willie Wagtail)

225. 24457 Rhipidura phasiana (Mangrove Grey Fantail)

226. 5295 Rhizophora stylosa (Spotted-leaved Red Mangrove)

227. Rhombognathus delicatulus

228. Rhombognathus levigatus

229. Rhombognathus petraeus Y

230. Rhombognathus scutulatus

231. 30434 Salsola australis

232. 2357 Santalum lanceolatum (Northern Sandalwood, Yarnguli)

233. 44573 Sargassopsis decurrens

234. Sarscypridopsis ochracea

235. 7606 Scaevola crassifolia (Thick-leaved Fan-flower)

236. 7608 Scaevola cunninghamii

237. 7644 Scaevola spinescens (Currant Bush, Maroon)

238. 11650 Sclerolaena bicornis var. bicornis (Goathead Burr)

239. 2616 Sclerolaena glabra

240. 2617 Sclerolaena hostilis

241. 42785 Sirophysalis trinodis

242. 30948 Smicrornis brevirostris (Weebill)

243. 24116 Sminthopsis macroura (Stripe-faced Dunnart)

244. 7002 Solanum diversiflorum

245. 7009 Solanum gabrielae

246. 27282 Spatoglossum macrodontum

247. 27293 Sphacelaria rigidula

248. 625 Spinifex longifolius (Beach Spinifex)


Page 5


249. 24521 Sterna bengalensis (Lesser Crested Tern)

250. 25643 Sterna hybrida (Whiskered Tern)

251. 24946 Strophurus strophurus

252. 30870 Taeniopygia guttata (Zebra Finch)

253. Tesserodon granulatum

254. Tesserodon novaehollandiae

255. Tesserodon variolosum

256. Thalasseus bengalensis

257. 2644 Threlkeldia diffusa (Coast Bonefruit)

258. 25548 Todiramphus chloris (Collared Kingfisher)

259. 24306 Todiramphus chloris subsp. pilbara (Pilbara Collared Kingfisher)

260. 42351 Todiramphus pyrrhopygius (Red-backed Kingfisher)

261. 25549 Todiramphus sanctus (Sacred Kingfisher)

262. 44360 Trianthema turgidifolium

263. 4380 Tribulus occidentalis (Perennial Caltrop)

264. Trichocarenum cylindricum

265. 13131 Triodia epactia

266. 696 Triodia pungens (Soft Spinifex)

267. 4873 Triumfetta appendiculata

268. Tubificidae WA21 (PSS)

269. Turbinaria mesenterina

270. Turbinaria patula

271. Turbinaria peltata

272. Turbinaria stellulata

273. 24851 Turnix velox (Little Button-quail)

274. 27348 Udotea argentea

275. 27349 Udotea flabellum

276. 25212 Varanus eremius (Pygmy Desert Monitor)

277. Varanus sp.

278. 11576 Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata

279. Wydundra kennedy

280. Zebraplatys keyserlingi

281. 24857 Zosterops luteus (Yellow White-eye)

Conservation CodesT - Rare or likely to become extinctX - Presumed extinctIA - Protected under international agreementS - Other specially protected fauna1 - Priority 12 - Priority 23 - Priority 34 - Priority 45 - Priority 5

1 For NatureMap's purposes, species flagged as endemic are those whose records are wholely contained within the search area. Note that only those records complying with the search criterion are included in the

calculation. For example, if you limit records to those from a specific datasource, only records from that datasource are used to determine if a species is restricted to the query area.


Documents

Eramurra Marine Environmental Pre-Feasibility Report