• Era of Good Feelings

• The “American System”

• The Monroe Doctrine

• The Marshall Court

• The Election of 1824 a “Corrupt Bargain”

• Spirit of Nationalism in US– patriotism or national oneness– Country is united, confident, and growing– 1791-1819, 9 states joined the original 13.

• Cultural Nationalism – Patriotic themes infused every aspect of American society from

books and paintings of Revolutionary heroes to Noah Webster’s blue-backed speller that promoted patriotism

• Economic Nationalism– Running parallel with cultural nationalism was a political movement

to support the growth of the nation’s economy--------AMERICAN AMERICAN SYSTEMSYSTEM

• Political Nationalism– Movement to bring about the support for national government is over

the states. Supreme court decisions support the concept of national government over the states.

Congress’s attempt to unite the US •National transportation system of roads, canals, steamships and rivers.•1800 to 1850 roads, canals and rivers first forms of transportation---

american systemHenry Clay’s American System

Provide economic growth •Americans buying American goods •American self-sufficiency.

Protective Tariff to promote infant industry•Tariff of 1816

2nd BUS to promote a stronger economy•Rechartered in 1816

monroe doctrine

• In foreign affairs Monroe proclaimed the fundamental policy that bears his name, Monroe Doctrine.

• Monroe was responding to the threat that Europe might try to aid Spain in winning back her former Latin American colonies.

• Monroe and Secretary of State John Quincy Adams wanted to protect new “republics” in the Western Hemisphere.

• Not only must Latin America be left alone,… but Russia must not encroach southward on the Pacific Coast

Western Hemisphere or the Americas.

• New Latin American countries were formed from successful revolutions.

• US protector of new democracies in the Western Hemisphere

•Claimed by the US, Great Britain and Russia

•Russia was claiming California too

Rush-Bagot 1818

• Referred to as America’s Self Defense Doctrine.

• It is a continuation of President Washington’s neutrality and isolationist policies.

• Past problems with Europe led the US to declare the Americas off-limits to Europe

• Referred to as America’s Self Defense Doctrine.

• It is a continuation of President Washington’s neutrality and isolationist policies.

• Past problems with Europe led the US to declare the Americas off-limits to Europe

US protector of new democracies in the Western Hemisphere

No European Colonization in the Americas

US protector of new democracies in the Western Hemisphere

No European Colonization in the Americas

US will stay out of European

affairs

US will stay out of European

affairs

Monroe Doctrine

US recognized existing

European Colonies

US recognized existing

European Colonies

You are the President and his advisors: You are the President and his advisors: What would you do in the following What would you do in the following

situation using the Monroe Doctrine as your situation using the Monroe Doctrine as your guideline…..guideline…..

Great Britain is in the process of sending troops Great Britain is in the process of sending troops to settle a border dispute between Argentina and to settle a border dispute between Argentina and Chile. Great Britain has had some and continual Chile. Great Britain has had some and continual influence in both of these countries helping them influence in both of these countries helping them financially. The British Government’s position is financially. The British Government’s position is to act as the mediator or peace keeper in this to act as the mediator or peace keeper in this situation.situation.

How would you respond to this How would you respond to this situation now that the Monroe Doctrine situation now that the Monroe Doctrine

is US policy?is US policy?

You are the President and his advisors: What You are the President and his advisors: What would you do in the following situation using would you do in the following situation using

the Monroe Doctrine as your guideline…..the Monroe Doctrine as your guideline…..Russia has loaned Argentina several billions of dollars Russia has loaned Argentina several billions of dollars to upgrade their nuclear technology…Argentina has to upgrade their nuclear technology…Argentina has defaulted (defaulted (not paidnot paid) on repayment of the loans to ) on repayment of the loans to Russia for 2 years……Russia has warned Argentina to Russia for 2 years……Russia has warned Argentina to begin repaying the loans or suffer economic sanctions begin repaying the loans or suffer economic sanctions ((cutting off their trade with other countriescutting off their trade with other countries) and lastly, a ) and lastly, a military invasion. Russia has also warned the U.S. to military invasion. Russia has also warned the U.S. to stay out of this situation since it does not concern stay out of this situation since it does not concern them.them.

How would you respond to this situation How would you respond to this situation now that the Monroe Doctrine is US now that the Monroe Doctrine is US

policy?policy?

The Marshall Court GoalsThe Marshall Court Goals

Chief Justice John Chief Justice John Marshall served from Marshall served from

1801-1835.1801-1835.

Increase the powers of the Increase the powers of the national govt at the expense national govt at the expense of the state legislaturesof the state legislatures Perpetuate the Federalist Perpetuate the Federalist

principle of centralizationprinciple of centralization Property rights of individuals Property rights of individuals

need to be protected from need to be protected from govt interferencegovt interference

Advance the interest of the Advance the interest of the propertied/commercial classpropertied/commercial class Protect free enterprise from Protect free enterprise from

state controlstate control Promote industrialization and Promote industrialization and

economic growtheconomic growth

Expanding the Powers of CongressExpanding the Powers of Congress McCullough v. Maryland McCullough v. Maryland

States ruled that the national bank was immune States ruled that the national bank was immune to state taxation. Congress could set up a to state taxation. Congress could set up a United States Bank and write laws “necessary United States Bank and write laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its constitutional power and proper” to carry out its constitutional power to coin and regulate money. to coin and regulate money.

Gibbons v. OgdenGibbons v. Ogden Congress can legislate and regulate Congress can legislate and regulate all all matters matters

of interstate commerce as long as there is some of interstate commerce as long as there is some commercial connection with another state commercial connection with another state

power to regulate trade carried on in a state power to regulate trade carried on in a state that does not affect other states is reserved to that does not affect other states is reserved to the states. the states.

Weakening the StatesWeakening the States Fletcher v. PeckFletcher v. Peck

new Georgia legislature could not annul the land new Georgia legislature could not annul the land sale after the factsale after the fact

Constitution prohibits states from passing any “law Constitution prohibits states from passing any “law impairing the obligation of contracts.” impairing the obligation of contracts.”

Dartmouth v. WoodwardDartmouth v. Woodward College charter was a contract protected by the College charter was a contract protected by the

Constitution Constitution the state of New Hampshire was bound to respect the state of New Hampshire was bound to respect

the original charter the original charter Worcester v. GeorgiaWorcester v. Georgia

ruled that the State had no power to pass any laws ruled that the State had no power to pass any laws affecting the Cherokees because Federal jurisdiction affecting the Cherokees because Federal jurisdiction over the Cherokees was exclusive over the Cherokees was exclusive

Legacy of the Marshall CourtLegacy of the Marshall Court

Established the primacy of federal govt Established the primacy of federal govt over states in exercising control of the over states in exercising control of the economyeconomy

Opened the way for an increased federal Opened the way for an increased federal role in promoting economic growthrole in promoting economic growth

Affirmed protection for corporations and Affirmed protection for corporations and ther private economic institutions from ther private economic institutions from local govt interferencelocal govt interference Allowed for the growth of the new industrial Allowed for the growth of the new industrial

capitalist economycapitalist economy

The Election of 1824:The Election of 1824:The “Corrupt Bargain”The “Corrupt Bargain”

The Election of 1824:The Election of 1824:The “Corrupt Bargain”The “Corrupt Bargain”

corrupt

The Corrupt Bargain

• Henry ClayHenry Clay gives his support to John AdamsJohn Adams and the House of Representatives chooses AdamsAdams as the PresidentPresident.

• Two weeks later, AdamsAdams appoints Henry ClayHenry Clay as his Secretary of StateSecretary of State….

• Jackson cries out corruption and calls this the “Corrupt Bargain.Corrupt Bargain.”

• Jackson promises he would run again for the Presidency in 1828 and would smash Adams.

John Quincy AdamsJohn Quincy Adams Not popularNot popular

– Failed to relate the common manFailed to relate the common man– refused to play the game of politicsrefused to play the game of politics– Most found him cold and tactlessMost found him cold and tactless

Supported the “American Supported the “American System”System”– Protective tariffProtective tariff– BUS BUS – Internal improvementsInternal improvements

Minority president, last of the Minority president, last of the Federalists and connection with Federalists and connection with the Founding Fathers….the Founding Fathers….

Tariff of AbominationsTariff of Abominations Goal to protect industry in the northern Goal to protect industry in the northern

U.S. from competing European goods U.S. from competing European goods Increasing the prices of European Increasing the prices of European

products products EffectsEffects

British reduced their imports of cotton from British reduced their imports of cotton from the United States = hurts the South the United States = hurts the South

forced the South to buy manufactured forced the South to buy manufactured goods from U.S. manufacturers at a higher goods from U.S. manufacturers at a higher price price

southern states also faced a reduced southern states also faced a reduced income from sales of raw materials income from sales of raw materials