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EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT SPOTTER TRAININGSPOTTER TRAINING
What you will leave What you will leave with:with:• WHY ARE WE TAKING TIME TO TRAIN WHY ARE WE TAKING TIME TO TRAIN
SPOTTERS?SPOTTERS?
• WHO IS A SPOTTER? DEFINITIONSWHO IS A SPOTTER? DEFINITIONS
• WHEN AND WHERE IS A SPOTTER NEEDED?WHEN AND WHERE IS A SPOTTER NEEDED?
• WHAT DOES A SPOTTER DO?WHAT DOES A SPOTTER DO?
• WHAT ARE THE EQUIPMENT OPERATOR WHAT ARE THE EQUIPMENT OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES?RESPONSIBILITIES?
WHY ARE WE TAKING WHY ARE WE TAKING TIME TO TRAIN TIME TO TRAIN
SPOTTERS?SPOTTERS?
Because We Want to Avoid Because We Want to Avoid Incidents Such as this…Incidents Such as this…
The crane operator deviated from the The crane operator deviated from the established work plan when he decided to established work plan when he decided to position the crane without the assistance of the position the crane without the assistance of the designated spotter.designated spotter.
And This….And This….
Measurements were taken.Measurements were taken. But, the attached I-beam was taller and But, the attached I-beam was taller and
resulted in shutting down a unit. resulted in shutting down a unit. Could have been a lot worse.Could have been a lot worse. Spotter – you are the last line of defense!Spotter – you are the last line of defense!
SO…WHY ARE WE SO…WHY ARE WE TAKING TIME TO TRAIN TAKING TIME TO TRAIN
SPOTTERS?SPOTTERS? Historically incidents have been prevented by Historically incidents have been prevented by
using spotters (the eyes and ears for operators of using spotters (the eyes and ears for operators of equipment moving in congested or awkward equipment moving in congested or awkward areas)areas)
Historically incidents have been attributed to not Historically incidents have been attributed to not using a spotter (or insufficient spotting).using a spotter (or insufficient spotting).
Results from these incidents are damaged Results from these incidents are damaged equipment, loss of production, injured people and equipment, loss of production, injured people and ultimately loss of life.ultimately loss of life.
What have you seen? Could you share an What have you seen? Could you share an incident that resulted from “the lack of” or “poor” incident that resulted from “the lack of” or “poor” spotting?spotting?
WHO IS A SPOTTER? WHO IS A SPOTTER? DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS
YOU YOU (AFTER THIS TRAINING)(AFTER THIS TRAINING)
Spotter-Spotter-
Person whose responsibility is to watch Person whose responsibility is to watch equipment movements and to verify that equipment movements and to verify that proper clearances are maintained during proper clearances are maintained during equipment operations. The spotter will be on equipment operations. The spotter will be on foot while equipment enters and during travel foot while equipment enters and during travel inside of unit boundaries or any time proper inside of unit boundaries or any time proper clearances are questionable. The spotter will clearances are questionable. The spotter will have visual or radio communications with the have visual or radio communications with the operator with the ability to stop operations if operator with the ability to stop operations if movement of equipment is not safe.movement of equipment is not safe.
Definitions continued…Definitions continued…
Supplemental Spotter-Supplemental Spotter- Person whose responsibility is to watch Person whose responsibility is to watch equipment movements and to verify that equipment movements and to verify that proper clearances are maintained during proper clearances are maintained during equipment operations. The supplemental equipment operations. The supplemental spotter will be on foot while equipment spotter will be on foot while equipment enters and during travel inside of unit enters and during travel inside of unit boundaries or any time proper clearances are boundaries or any time proper clearances are questionable. The spotter will have visual or questionable. The spotter will have visual or radio communications with the radio communications with the lead spotterlead spotter and the ability to stop operations if and the ability to stop operations if movement of equipment is not safe. movement of equipment is not safe.
Definitions continued…Definitions continued…
Equipment Operator -Equipment Operator - Qualified and experienced person assigned Qualified and experienced person assigned to operate mobile equipment. This person to operate mobile equipment. This person should be knowledgeable of equipment should be knowledgeable of equipment operations, interpreting load charts, and be operations, interpreting load charts, and be familiar with site procedures pertaining to familiar with site procedures pertaining to working in the proximity of power lines, working in the proximity of power lines, crane matting, and hand signals as they crane matting, and hand signals as they pertain to Equipment Operations. Equipment pertain to Equipment Operations. Equipment Operators should be qualified to inspect and Operators should be qualified to inspect and ensure the equipment is safe to operate and ensure the equipment is safe to operate and all safety devices are functioning properly.all safety devices are functioning properly.
WHEN AND WHERE IS WHEN AND WHERE IS A SPOTTER NEEDED?A SPOTTER NEEDED?
When equipment is When equipment is moving in an operating moving in an operating unitunit
In Material Laydown In Material Laydown YardsYards
In Congested Work In Congested Work AreasAreas
When Equipment has the When Equipment has the Opportunity to Strike Opportunity to Strike Nearby Hazards.Nearby Hazards.
During Unusual During Unusual Activities in a Activities in a WarehouseWarehouse
On Narrow Roads, Low On Narrow Roads, Low Clearances, or Tight Clearances, or Tight TurnsTurns
SO…WHEN AND SO…WHEN AND WHERE IS A SPOTTER WHERE IS A SPOTTER
NEEDED?NEEDED?When moving equipment is:When moving equipment is: In an Operating Process UnitIn an Operating Process Unit In a Material Laydown YardIn a Material Laydown Yard In a Congested Work AreaIn a Congested Work Area During Unusual Activities in a WarehouseDuring Unusual Activities in a Warehouse Driving on Narrow RoadsDriving on Narrow Roads Driving in Questionable Clearance AreasDriving in Questionable Clearance Areas Driving where Tight Turns are RequiredDriving where Tight Turns are Required
WHAT DOES A SPOTTER WHAT DOES A SPOTTER DO?DO?
Give Attention to Give Attention to Spotting ONLY!Spotting ONLY! If you cannot give all your attention to If you cannot give all your attention to
Spotting; Stop the movement until you can or Spotting; Stop the movement until you can or until you get a trained replacement spotter!until you get a trained replacement spotter!
But with all this attention on But with all this attention on SPOTTING EQUIPMENT– SPOTTING EQUIPMENT–
LPSA LPSA YOUR YOUR TRAVEL PATHTRAVEL PATH
The NO-ZONE
THE SHADED AREA SURROUNDING EACH VEHICLE REPRESENTS THE DANGER ZONE or “NO-ZONE” IN WHICH THE VEHICLE OPERATOR’S VIEW OF PEDESTRAN TRAFFIC IS GREATLY REDUCED OR OBSCURRED ALTOGETHER.
Determine Need for Determine Need for Supplemental Spotters Supplemental Spotters by Knowing the:by Knowing the:
Eye level 10 ft - 0 in aboveground level
34’ 0”
95’ 0”
Manlift
36’ 4”
68’ 0”
• The Operator cannot see in the shaded areasThe Operator cannot see in the shaded areas• Anything that is in this area could be in danger of Anything that is in this area could be in danger of
being hit.being hit.
•Eye level 7 ft - 0 in above ground level
27’ 2”
17’ 8”
16’ 4”
Hydraulic Crane
10’ 0”
15’ 9”
3’ 0”
25’ 5”
•Area of fully obstructed view
Eye level 7 ft - 7 in aboveground level
Backhoe
9’ 1”
7’ 7”18’ 5”
29’ 1”8’ 4”
• The backhoe operator’s focus is many times on the task at The backhoe operator’s focus is many times on the task at hand… hand…
• Make sure eye contact is made if moving in a shaded area.Make sure eye contact is made if moving in a shaded area.
Eye level 6 ft - 3 in aboveground level
Bulldozer
12’ 1”
18’ 7”
8’ 2”
12’ 5”
8’ 2” 16’ 0”
3’ 10”
• Equipment parts greatly affect the areas of visibility for Equipment parts greatly affect the areas of visibility for the operator.the operator.
• Always ask yourself - where might the blind spots be?Always ask yourself - where might the blind spots be?
Eye level 5 ft - 5 in aboveground level
6’ 1”
11’ 7”
6’ 3”
Bobcat/Skid Steer
3’ 1”
4’ 10”
11’ 5”
21’ 8”
• While the rear visibility is obviously low…While the rear visibility is obviously low…• Remember the bobcat can make quick sharp turns, Remember the bobcat can make quick sharp turns,
look for low lying front and side obstacleslook for low lying front and side obstacles
Eye level 7 ft - 3 in aboveground level
39’ 0”
21’ 2”
High Reach RT Fork Lift
10’ 9”7’ 9”
3’ 0”
85’ 0”
14’ 10”
18’ 2”
• Look at the view obstructed due to the high reach arm on Look at the view obstructed due to the high reach arm on this forklift – up to 85 feet.this forklift – up to 85 feet.
• Detail to spotting is essential, and especially in a right turn.Detail to spotting is essential, and especially in a right turn.
Eye level 8 ft - 9 in aboveground level
13’ 6”
26’ 8”
14’ 1”
17 Ton Forklift
8’ 8”
4’ 5”
4’ 8”
15’ 5”
• The front mast assembly obstructs front and corner The front mast assembly obstructs front and corner visibility.visibility.
• Help spot those sharp turns that forklifts typically makeHelp spot those sharp turns that forklifts typically make
Eye level 6 ft - 10 in aboveground level
40’ 6”
36’ 8”
Semi-Truck & Trailer
27’ 1”
42’ 8”6’ 5”
Area of fullyobstructed view
• Keep non-spotting personnel out of the dark Keep non-spotting personnel out of the dark shaded area when the truck is moving.shaded area when the truck is moving.
HiVac Truck
Eye level 8 ft - 0 in aboveground level
8’ 7”
31’ 0”
29’ 0”
24’ 6”
37’ 4”
41’ 0”
24’ 0”
Area of fullyobstructed view
from Eductor Hose(more than 100 ft)
Area of fullyobstructed view (more than 300 ft)
Eye level 7 ft - 0 in aboveground level
22’ 8”
49’ 9”
22’ 2”
School Bus
31’ 6”
28’ 9”
22’ 8”
21’ 3”
• The shaded area is fully obstructed when the vehicle is full
Spotter Activities Spotter Activities Continued….Continued….
Communicate with Communicate with Operator and Operator and Supplemental Spotters Supplemental Spotters Tasks and HazardsTasks and Hazards Take time before the task to ensure all Take time before the task to ensure all involved know what the travel path and involved know what the travel path and movements will be.movements will be.
Communicate and Use Communicate and Use Consistent Hand SignalsConsistent Hand Signals
(Description of Each Found in the SSS – Take time to LEARN THEM now!)(Description of Each Found in the SSS – Take time to LEARN THEM now!)
STOPSTOP TurnTurnForward -Forward -BackwardBackward
Emergency Emergency STOPSTOP
Clear Clear
to Leave Areato Leave AreaDistance to Distance to
StopStop
Wear High Visibility Wear High Visibility VestVest
Wear it with Pride!!!Wear it with Pride!!!
Carry and Use Operating Carry and Use Operating Air HornAir Horn
Test it Test it Use it to stop the operator’s movementUse it to stop the operator’s movement
Maintain Eye Contact Maintain Eye Contact with the Equipment with the Equipment OperatorOperator
If you cannot see the operator’s eyes, the If you cannot see the operator’s eyes, the operator cannot see YOU! operator cannot see YOU!
Stop the movement with the horn, if needed.Stop the movement with the horn, if needed.
Clear Communication Clear Communication with Supplemental with Supplemental SpottersSpotters
Now even more eyes to make sure you can Now even more eyes to make sure you can see!see!
Stop the movement with the horn, if needed.Stop the movement with the horn, if needed.
Position Self to Clearly Position Self to Clearly Spot ClearancesSpot Clearances
If in question… MEASURE!If in question… MEASURE! If measuring… MEASURE AGAIN!If measuring… MEASURE AGAIN! Do not let the equipment determine if clearance is good!Do not let the equipment determine if clearance is good!
Position Self and Others Position Self and Others out of “Line of Fire” out of “Line of Fire” PotentialPotential Can you see the problem?Can you see the problem? Remember the “No Zone” and move the people!Remember the “No Zone” and move the people!
Immediately STOP Immediately STOP Operator if Contact is Operator if Contact is Lost Between SpottersLost Between Spotters Do not assume that your lead or Do not assume that your lead or
supplemental spotter is out of the way!supplemental spotter is out of the way!
SO…WHAT DOES A SO…WHAT DOES A SPOTTER DO?SPOTTER DO? Perform LPSA Before BeginningPerform LPSA Before Beginning
Give Attention to Spotting ONLY!Give Attention to Spotting ONLY!
Determine Need for Supplemental Spotters by Knowing the Determine Need for Supplemental Spotters by Knowing the “No Zone”“No Zone”
Communicate with Operator and Supplemental Spotters Tasks Communicate with Operator and Supplemental Spotters Tasks and Hazardsand Hazards
Communicate and Use Consistent Hand SignalsCommunicate and Use Consistent Hand Signals
Wear High Visibility VestWear High Visibility Vest
Carry and Use Operating Air HornCarry and Use Operating Air Horn
Maintain Eye Contact with the Equipment OperatorMaintain Eye Contact with the Equipment Operator
Clear Communication with Supplemental SpottersClear Communication with Supplemental Spotters
Position Self to Clearly Spot ClearancesPosition Self to Clearly Spot Clearances
Position Self and Others out of “Line of Fire” PotentialPosition Self and Others out of “Line of Fire” Potential
Immediately STOP Operator if Contact is Lost Between Immediately STOP Operator if Contact is Lost Between SpottersSpotters
THE GOAL:THE GOAL:USE TEAM-WORK TO SAFELY USE TEAM-WORK TO SAFELY
COMPLETE EACH TASKCOMPLETE EACH TASK
