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Equilibrium Systems. 15.2: Le Châtelier’s Principle. Le Châtelier’s Principle. can predict how certain changes in a reaction will affect the position of equilibrium - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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15.2: Le Châtelier’s Principle
can predict how certain changes in a reaction will affect the position of equilibrium
when a chemical system at equil. is disturbed by a change in the system, the system will react in a direction opposing the change until a new equil. is reached
he described a 3 stage process Initial equilibriumShifting non-equilibriumNew equilibrium
Catalysts can be used to decrease the time to reach the new equil. position
• does not affect the final position of that equilibrium
system will shift away from the added component or towards a removed component
a change in conc. of a pure solid or liquid does not cause an equil. shift
Ex: N2 + 3H2 2NH3
if more N2 is added, then equilibrium position shifts to the right
if some NH3 is removed, then equilibrium position shifts to the right
adding or removing gaseous reactant or product is same as changing conc.
adding inert or uninvolved gas increase the total pressure doesn’t effect the equilibrium position
changing the volumedecrease V
decrease in # gas moleculesshifts towards the side of the
reaction with less gas molecules increase V
increase in # of gas moleculesshifts towards the side of the
reaction with more gas molecules
all other changes alter the concentration at equilibrium position but don’t actually change value of K
value of K does change with temperature
if energy is added, the reaction will shift in direction that consumes energy
treat energy as a: reactant: for endothermic reactionsproduct: for exothermic reactions
add COto left
add Cno shift
remove Cno shift
add As4O6
no shift
remove As4O6
no shift remove As4
to right decrease volume
to left add Ne gas
no shift
decrease volumeto right
increase volumeto left
add P4
no shift
remove Cl2to left
add Kr gasno shift
add PCl3no shift
endo or exo?endothermic
increase tempto right
increase volumeno shift
decrease tempto left
Textbook p695 #1-3, LSM 15.2J LSM summary 15.2C,D,F