1May 19, 2008

Chemical resistanceEpoxy based Ambient Cure Systems

Aliphatic blend: EK270

MB: EK132, ERSC1035

Adduct: EK3292FX60

2

Chemical Resistance – Test conditions

� Clear coats in combination with a liquid epoxy resin

� Stoichiometry epoxy : amine = 1:1 or 1:0.8

� Wet film thickness : 125 µm

� Substrate : cold rolled steel (Q-panel)

� Cured 2 weeks at 23°C (no post-cure)� Partial immersion in FAM B (DIN 51604) at 23°C

Acetic acid (10%) at 23°CHCl (10%) at 23°CSkydrol at 23°CDemi Water at 60°C

Toluene 42.3%Iso-octane 25.4%Diisobutylene 12.7%Ethanol 4.2%Methanol 15%Water 0.5%

----------

100%

3

Epoxy & Curing Agent selection

Curing agents� Mannich bases

Solvent-free

Phenol-free

Benzyl alcohol-free

� EK 132 (commercial)

− HEW 53g/eq

− viscosity 1400-1800cP

− Einecs/TSCA/Canada

� ERSC 1035 (research sample)

− HEW 75g/eq− Viscosity ±600cP− Einecs / China

� EK 270: modified aliphatic polyamine – Commercial grade

– Solvent-free

– Phenol-free

– Benzyl alcohol-free

HEW 38g/eq

Viscosity <25cP

� EK 3292-FX-60– 60%solids in Xylene/butanol

– Designed for low temperature cure

HEW 233g/eq as supplied

Visco 2300-2700cP at 60% solids

Epoxy Resins

� Epikote 862: liquid BisFCommercial grade

� Epikote 896 contains benzylalcoholCommercial grade

4

Modified ALIPHATIC AMINE

Epikure 270

Combined with

– Epikote 862

– Epikote 896

5

EPIKURE 270

EPIKURE™ Curing Agent 270 is a very low viscosity, m odified polyamine hardener for chemical

resistant systems .

Application Areas/Suggested Uses

EPIKURE™ Curing Agent 270 is used in combination with EPIKOTE™ resin 896 as system for

chemical resistant coatings, e.g. in flooring applications. This system shows a high mechanical

strength and a high heat deformation temperature of approximately 60°C without additional post

cure at elevated temperatures.

Because of the high crosslinking this system gives a dull finish, a low intercoat adhesion and a

high brittleness.

EPIKURE™ Curing Agent 270 has a tendency to crystallize at temperature below 5°C. The

crystallization can be reverted by heating the hardener to 20°C.

Benefits

o Low viscosity

o Favorable mixing ratio

o High reactivity

o High chemical resistance in combination with EPIK OTE™ Resin 896

6

EPIKURE 270

Typical Properties

Delivery form liquid

Viscosity, 25 °°°°C 7-23cP

Density at 20ºC kg/l 0.99 – 1.03 ISO 2811

Refractive Index at 25ºC 1.565 – 1.569 DIN 51423

H-Active Equivalent g/equivalent 38 Calculated

Recommended proportion with EPIKOTE™ Resin 896 phr* 20 Calculated

Time to Tmax (Tmax with Epikote™ RESIN 896,starting point 100g mixture at 23°C), min App. 23 According to DIN 16945

* parts of hardener combined with 100 g resin.

7

Stoich 1:0.8

EP862 / EK 270 – cure: 2wks @ 23°C

Stoich 1:1Skydrol, 23°C26 day

HCl 10%2 months

FAM B3months

Demi water, 60°C3months

Demi water, 60°C3months

Skydrol, 23°C26 day

HCl 10%3 months

FAM B3months

HAc 10%36 hours

HAc 10%5 day 8 day

ongoing

ongoing

ongoing

ongoing ongoing

ongoing

8

Stoich 1:0.8

Stoich 1:1

EP896 / EK 270 – cure: 2wks @ 23°C

Skydrol, 23°C2months

HCl 10%26 day

FAM B3 months

Demi water, 60°C3 months

Demi water, 60°C3 months

Skydrol, 23°C2months

HCl 10%3 months

FAM B26 day

HAc 10%5 day

HAc 10%5 day 8 day

ongoing

Unchanged after 3 months

OngoingBlack spots after 2months

ongoing ongoing

ongoing

OngoingBlack spots after 2months

9

Test Conditions

The chemical resistance is tested by exposing the surface of flat samples to various aggressive chemicals.According to DIN EN ISO 868 Shore D hardness is measured as a function ofexposure time.Following DIN / EN / ISO 2812–1, method 2, the test is realised at room temperature.

Chemical Resistance on castings

10

Chemical resistance is shown in the following graphs as relative variation of Shore D hardness. The starting point is defined as Shore D value measured after curing of 7 d at 23 °°°°C and a post curing of 5 h 50 °°°°C + 2 h 100 °°°°C.The test duration is four weeks withchemical exposure (with ten selected chemicals) and one week of relaxation without exposure to chemicals.

Chemical Resistance

Test Conditions

11

EPIKURE 270 with EPIKOTE 896

Chemical Resistance

100

80

60

40

20

ShoreD in %

(relative

Values)

0Withoutcontamination

1 week 2 weeks

3 weeks

4 weeks

1 weekrelaxation

0

20

40

60

80

100

WithoutContamination

1 week 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks 1 week

relaxation

%

Petrol

Aromates

Alcohol

Ester/Ketone

Acetic Acid 10%

DETA 50% in Water

Nitric Acid 25%

Sulphuric Acid 36%

Lactic Acid10%

Brake Fluid

Standard system

12

Epikure 270

� Benefits

– Overall good chemical resistance

� Issues:

– Short potlife

– poor clear coats aspect (blush)

13

MANNICH BASES

viscosity 25°C HEW

Epikure 132 (DPP based) 1400-1800cP 53g/eq

ERSC 1035 (pTBP based) ~650cP 75g/eq

Combined with

– Epikote 862

– Epikote 896

Stoichiometry

– 100%

– 80%

14

EK 132 – Mannich base

3months3Months3 months 36 hours 5 day 3months

= (higher blush)

-

= (higher blush)

-

=

-

-

-

-

Alternative systems ( =Equivalent performance, - Worse)

=

=

=

Best system: E896/EK132 1:1

Option for improvementIn acetic acid

E896/EK132 1:0.8(needs to be checked)

Skydrol, 23°CHCl 10%FAM B HAc 10% Demi water, 60°C

E862/EK132, 1:1E862/EK132, 1:0.8862_154/EK132, 1:1

-

-

-

ongoing ongoing ongoing

15

Conclusions Mannich bases

� EK132

– Commercially available

– Listed in TSCA / Canada / Einecs

– Can be used for potable water applications

– Best overall chemical resistance with EP896 at

100% stoichiometry

– 80% stoichiometry could improve acid

resistance (not done)

– clears have blush appearance

� ERSC1035

– Lab sample

– Listed in China / Einecs

– Good FAM B + hot water resistance with E862

– Average to good acetic acid resistance with

E862 or E896 at 80% stoichiometry

General Issue:

Short potlife: tecam @23°C = <30minutes3days>3months >3months

E862

100%

stoich

E862

80%

stoich E89

6

80%

stoich

E896

100%

stoich

FAM B resistance

16

EPIKURE 132

EPIKURE™ Curing Agent 132 is a high viscosity, modif ied mannich base hardener with a favorable mixing ra tio.

Application Areas/Suggested UsesEPIKURE™ Curing Agent 132 is used in formulations of ambient temperature curing down to a temperature of 5 °°°°C. Epoxy resin systems such as coatings, mortars and adhesives based on this hardener show a good chemical resistance.

The resulting surfaces have a high gloss and are water resistant. This hardener can be used for potable water applications. Based on the chemistry of this curing agent yellowing will be observed under UV exposure.

Benefitso High viscosity

o Good surface appearance

o High chemical resistance

Sales SpecificationProperty Unit Value Test Method /Standard

Viscosity at 25 °°°°C mPa.s 1400 – 1800 DIN 53015

Color Gardner 4 max ISO 6271

17

EPIKURE 132

Typical Properties

Delivery form liquidViscosity at 25 °°°°C mPa.s 1400 – 1800Density at 20ºC kg/l 1.09 – 1.13 ISO 2811Refractive Index at 25ºC 1.597 – 1.561 DIN 51423H-Active Equivalent g/equivalent 53 CalculatedRecommended proportion with EPIKOTE™ Resin 828 LVEL phr* 29 CalculatedTime to Tmax (Tmax with Epikote™ RESIN 828 LVEL,starting point 100g mixture at 23°C) min ± 30 DIN 16945

* parts of hardener combined with 100 g resin.

18

AMINE ADDUCT

Epikure 3292-FX-60

Combined with

– Epikote 154-X-80 (Novolac epoxy, 80% in xylene)

– ERSR 968 (low viscous solvent-free novolac, close to Epon 162)

19

ERSR 968(~Epon162)

EK 3292FX60 – Amine Adduct

EP154X80 Skydrol, 23°C3 months

HCl 10%5 days

FAM B3 months

HAc 10%12 hours

Demi water, 60°C1 month

HAc 10%12 hours

HCl 10%5 days

FAM B3 months

Skydrol, 23°C3 months

ongoing ongoing

ongoing ongoing ongoing

Demi water, 60°C3 months

20

EK3292-FX-60

� Benefits with Ep154-X-80

– Good FAM B + Skydrol

– Good appearance

– Potlife

� Issues:

– Poor acid resistance

� Not done:

– Other stoichiometry (acid resistance?)