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EpitheliumEpitheliumEpitheliumEpithelium
Michael Hall PhDMichael Hall PhDMichael Hall PhDMichael Hall PhD
University of CaliforniaUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos Angeles
University of CaliforniaUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos Angeles
Features common to all epitheliaFeatures common to all epithelia
1.1.The cells are closely packed togetherThe cells are closely packed together2.2.The cells are polarizedThe cells are polarized3.3.The apex always faces an open spaceThe apex always faces an open space4.4.The base always sits on a basement membraneThe base always sits on a basement membrane
Epithelial cells are closely packedEpithelial cells are closely packed
Free Surface
Lamina propria
Epithelial cells always have a free surfaceEpithelial cells always have a free surfaceand sit on a basement membraneand sit on a basement membrane
EpitheliumEpithelium
BasementBasementmembranemembrane
EpitheliumEpithelium
BasementBasementmembranemembrane
Note that both of theNote that both of theepithelia face a free surface epithelia face a free surface
Types of Types of EpitheliumEpithelium
SimpleSimpleOne cell layerOne cell layer
StratifiedStratifiedMore thanMore than
one cell layerone cell layer
Types of Types of EpitheliumEpithelium
1.1. Simple Simple squamoussquamous
2.2. Simple cuboidalSimple cuboidal3.3. Simple columnarSimple columnar
4.4. Stratified squamousStratified squamous5.5. Stratified cuboidalStratified cuboidal6.6. Stratified columnarStratified columnar
7.7. PseudostratifiedPseudostratified8.8. TransitionalTransitional
Simple squamous epitheliumSimple squamous epithelium
Basement membraneBasement membrane
Connective tissueConnective tissue
Free spaceFree space
Simple squamous epithelium Simple squamous epithelium (endothelium)(endothelium)
lining an arteriolelining an arteriole
endothelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium (kidney)Simple cuboidal epithelium (kidney)
Free surface
Basement membranes
ssq
ssq
ssq
scu
scu
scu
scu*
Simple epithelia in kidney medullaSimple epithelia in kidney medulla
Simple columnar epithelium (duodenum)Simple columnar epithelium (duodenum)
Stratified Squamous Epithelium (cornea) Stratified Squamous Epithelium (cornea)
bm
ct
free surface
Stratified Squamous Epithelium Stratified Squamous Epithelium
free surface
basement membrane
squamous cells
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Duct of sweat glandDuct of sweat glandBasement membraneBasement membrane
Connective tissueConnective tissue
Stratified Columnar Epithelium (urethra) Stratified Columnar Epithelium (urethra)
lplp
bmbmColumnar cellsColumnar cellsColumnar cellsColumnar cells
PseudostratifiedPseudostratifiedEpitheliumEpithelium
Basement Membrane
Pseudostratified Columnar EpitheliumPseudostratified Columnar Epithelium(duodenum)(duodenum)
Basal cells
Transitional EpitheliumTransitional Epithelium(Urinary system)(Urinary system)
Transitional Transitional Epithelium Epithelium ((relaxedrelaxed -top layer -top layer of cells is cuboidal)of cells is cuboidal)
Transitional Transitional EpitheliumEpithelium((stretchedstretched-top layer -top layer of cells is squamous)of cells is squamous)basement membrane
basement membrane
MesotheliumMesothelium
endothelium EndotheliumEndothelium
Mesothelium is the name given to the simple squamous epithelium that lines the closed cavities of the body
Basement membranesBasement membranes
Simple squamous epitheliumSimple squamous epithelium
Basement membraneBasement membrane
Connective tissueConnective tissue
Basement Membrane of epitheliumBasement Membrane of epithelium
Molecular structure of extracellular matrixMolecular structure of extracellular matrix forming the basement membraneforming the basement membrane
Inside of cellInside of cell
Junctional ComplexesJunctional Complexes
‘‘Terminal Bars’ between epithelial Terminal Bars’ between epithelial cellscells
Epithelial Epithelial Junctional Junctional ComplexComplex
Z. occludens
Z. adherens
Desmosome
Cell 1Cell 1 Cell 2Cell 2
Components of the Components of the Epithelial Junctional Epithelial Junctional
ComplexComplex
1.1. Z. occludensZ. occludens2.2. Z. adherensZ. adherens3.3. Macula Macula
adherensadherens(desmosome)(desmosome)
4. Gap junction4. Gap junction5. Hemidesmosome5. Hemidesmosome
1
2
3
45
GeneralizedGeneralizedStructure ofStructure ofa Junctionala JunctionalComplexComplex
Cell 1Cell 1 Cell 2Cell 2
< 1,500 Da
> 1,500 Da
Connexon 2Connexon 1
Gap Junction
Surface Specializations ofSurface Specializations ofEpithelial CellsEpithelial Cells
Myosin
Actin
Spectrin
Structure of a Structure of a microvillusmicrovillus
Fimbrin
Villin
Stereocilia in the EpididymisStereocilia in the Epididymis
StereociliaStereocilia
Cilia in the Respiratory MucosaCilia in the Respiratory Mucosa
CiliaCilia
ciliacilia
microvillimicrovilli
Basement membrane
Mucosa
Components of a MucosaComponents of a Mucosa
The EndThe End
Whoopee Whoopee !!!!