Enzyme Leach Servicesfor Mineral Exploration

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Leading Edge Technology for MappingSubsurface Geology and Locating

Blind Mineralization

Enzyme Leach Services aid in the detection of mineral deposits at depths ranging from a few meters to more thanone thousand meters. Our proprietary selective extraction techniques were developed over the past 25 years andhave been utilized successfully to locate many types of mineral deposits. Ore bodies are indicated by a host ofelements that are distributed into positive and negative patterns at surface, above and around the margins of mineraldeposits. Trace elements become trapped at parts-per-billion and parts-per-trillion levels within amorphous oxidecoatings on sand and silt grains in the soil or sediment in the near-surface environment. Selective extraction byEnzyme Leach of amorphous MnO within these coatings, and subsequent analysis for up to 68 trace and majorelements by ICP-Mass Spectrometry reveals repeatable patterns that indicate blind mineral bodies. Determining alarge number of parameters makes the technology robust. The newly-developed TerraSol leach selectively extractsamorphous iron and manganese oxides, often producing unique complementary patterns indicating shallowerstructures and mineralization.

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Enzyme Leach ServicesSM

Enzyme Leach signatureSM

Electrochemicalcell

Volatilecompounds

Mineraldeposit

ACTLABS Enzyme Leach Services will take your project from survey design and samplecollection to data interpretation and target definition. Our expert staff of geologists andgeochemists will design the most appropriate soil geochemistry program for your project.Our years of experience, discovery successes, and ongoing research programs combineto make us the leader in selective extraction technologies.

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I-10 acidsoluble copper

resource

Enzyme Leach RheniumSM

Enzyme Leach ThalliumSM

Enzyme Leach NiobiumSM

Delta Exploration I-10 Copper Deposit, South-central Arizona

Halo overstock thatunderliessouthern

end of skarn

Apical highabove

suspected feederstructure

Enzyme Leach and TerraSol data from B-horizon soil samples collected above the buried I-10 Cudeposit in south-central Arizona yield diagnostic signatures indicative of the distribution and structuralcontrol of this blind Cu mineralization. The skarn- and sediment-hosted oxide Cu resource at I-10 hasbeen estimated at 440 million tons averaging 0.39% total Cu at a 0.1% total Cu cutoff. The resourceis covered by 80 meters of barren alluvium in the north and 200 meters in the south. The I-10 propertyand geologic data presented herein are owned by Delta Exploration Group and James Sullivan.

Distinct patterns in these data sets reveal the presence of this blind mineral deposit, and the underlyingmineralized stock as well as some of the suspected primary structures associated with this magmatic-hydrothermal system. In this case, nearer-surface buried structures are marked by patterns in theTerraSol data, whereas the Enzyme Leach results show some of the more deeply buried features suchas the stock beneath the southern end of the oxide copper deposit. Recognizing and combining thesetypes of diagnostic patterns into a comprehensive geochemical model can lead to mineral depositdiscovery and aids resource development.

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Rhenium, the ninth rarestelement, often forms halosor partial halos above themargins of Cu- and Mo-bearing deposits. At I-10,Re determined by EnzymeLeach forms a distinctivehalo above the margins ofthe northern half of theoxide Cu body.

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Thallium determined byEnzyme Leach suggeststhe presence of an underlyingstock. Very limited drillinghas encountered porphyry-style mineralization beneaththe southern end of the I-10deposit but this has not beenexplored. These datasuggest that a significantporphyry system may bepresent at depth.

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Niobium is one of severalelements that exhibit EnzymeLeach distribution patternsthat can effectively indicatedeep structural zones. Therelationships between this Nbhigh, the Tl halo in the abovefigure, and the oxide Cu body,imply that a deep north-trending fault zone could berelated to the genesis of thisCu system. This deep zonehas not been explored.

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TerraSol NiobiumSM

TerraSol ThalliumSM

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Gold determined byTerraSol forms a haloabove the margins of theI-10 deposit. The centrallow associated with thisAu halo demarcates thesouthern end of theburied mineral deposit.

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A north-trending Tl high inthe TerraSol data suggestsa structural zone in thesubsurface, but thestock that is indicated byEnzyme Leach Tl can notbe detected in the TerraSoldata.

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The TerraSol Nb datasuggest shallowernortheast- and northwest-trending faults as well asthe north-trendingmineralized core of theCu-oxide deposit. Thedeeper portions are markedby the Enzyme Leach Nbdistribution shown to theleft.

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(Eu/Eu*) = Eu /((Sm +Gd )/2)[n - chondrite normalized]

n n n n

Enzyme Leach LanthanumSM

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KAY

ECTOR

GARETH

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(Eu/Eu*)n

Ashton Mining Ltd. Kay, Ector, and Gareth Diamond PipesMerlin Area, Northern Territory, Australia

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456789101112131415161718192021222324252627

The Kay, Ector, and Gareth diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes areindicated by rare earth and high field strength element oxidationhalos surrounding the cluster of breccia pipes. These trace elementpatterns appear to indicate the distribution of the weathered clayand ferromagnesian minerals within the matrices of the pipes.

The rare earth and high field strength elements have also been foundto be geochemical indicators of buried diamond pipes in other EnzymeLeach studies including work done at the diamond-bearing MountainLake diatreme in Alberta, Canada (D.R. Eccles, 1998, Alberta Geol.Survey, OFR 1998-01).

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Enzyme Leach (Eu/Eu*)SMn

Enzyme Leach ZirconiumSM

Europium can be a particularly useful element for tracing REE fractionationin the subsurface. There are two possible interpretations for this (Eu/Eu*)pattern. Of the REE, only Eu can occur in a 2+ valence state, whereas theother REE generally form ions with a charge of 3+. This leads to a preferentialincorporation of Eu in plagioclase during crystallization of magmas. Also, sinceEu can be divalent and the other REE can not, Eu may be more readilymobilized under alkaline reducing conditions, such as within a reduced chimneyassociated with kimberlite.

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As a result, the positions of these kimberlite pipescan be tightly constrained with (Eu/Eu*) anomalies, a measure of the degreeof fractionation of Eu relative to the other REE.

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Zirconium is commonly found in oxidation halos above buried mineraldeposits. This high field strength element is often depleted in small zoneswithin central lows. These depletions are thought to occur because theavailability of electrons within certain parts of central lows is great enoughto reduce and/or immobilize certain elements so that background levels arelowered above portions of a reduced chimney. Recognizing and incorporatingoxidation halos, nested halos, depletions, and zoning into a geochemicalmodel leads to precise, high-quality drill targeting.

Lanthanum forms a distinctive halo around the Kay, Ector, and Gareth pipes.The rare earth elements typically form halos above the margins of buriedintrusive bodies. This La pattern suggests that a trend of ultrapotassicintrusions in the subsurface may continue to the north and south of the Kayand Ector pipes.

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Cobalt

OsmiumCerium

Platinum

granite

pyroxenite

gabbro

PGE Targets

inferred faults basedon TerraSol dataSM

nested halocombination anomaly

oxidation halo

New RamblerMine

West RamblerProperty

Mullen Creek Complex

WYOMING

CheyenneMap Area

Geologic base modified from Houston, R.S., 1965, Geologic Map of theMedicine Bow Mountains, Albany and Carbon Counties, Wyoming, 1:63,360scale map, Accompanies Wyoming State Geological Survey, Memoir 1.

Miles

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Ursa Major Minerals Inc. West Rambler Platinum Group ElementProject, Albany County Wyoming

TerraSol data from West Rambler have beenused to target PGE mineralization at thisexploration property approximately 2 miles tothe west of the historic New Rambler Pd-Cumine. Samples were collected from the B-horizonwithin a deeply weathered soil profile. Basedon this surface geochemistry, combined withgeology, several high-quality targets have beenidentified along a west-northwest trending zoneassociated with a splay of the Mullen Creek-NashFork Shear Zone.

The targets are indicated by several of theplatinum group elements including Pt and Os,as well as by other elements such as Cu, Co, Se,and Te which are associated with some PGEdeposits. The rare earth elements and severaloxidation suite elements form distinctive halosnear the center of the survey. These, incombination with the other trace elementpatterns, and their relationships to thegeology at the property have led to thedesignation of high-priority drill targetsbeneath the Pt highs outlined in the figuresbelow.

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Minera Independencia Antimonio, MexicoEnzyme Leach Gold DiscoverySM

The original target at Antimonio was a set of detachment faultsthat subcrop beneath about 10 m of alluvium. An Enzyme Leachsurvey revealed a combination of apical anomalies (shown here)and halos. It was initially thought that the Enzyme Leach anomalywas indicating gold mineralization in this fault zone, but drillingshowed these faults to be barren of economic grades of gold.Consequently, deeper drilling was initiated in order to explain thestrong Enzyme Leach anomaly. This led to the discovery of asizable gold resource (est. 750,000 oz.) in the rocks beneath thedetachment faults.

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Please contact us for a price quoteActivation Laboratories Ltd.Attn: Dr. Eric Hoffman1336 Sandhill DriveAncaster, OntarioCanada, L9G 4V5Tel: 1.905.648.9611Toll Free: 1. 888.ACTLABSFax: 1.905.648.9613E-mail: ancaster@actlabsint.com

www.actlabsint.com

Actlabs Pacific Pty. Ltd.Attn: Martin Lamb25 Bungana AvenueRedcliffe, Western Australia 6105AustraliaTel: 61.8.92778695Fax: 61.8.92777984E-mail: perth@actlabsint.com

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Silver

Analyte EnzymeLeachSM Enzyme(ppb) LeachSM

(ppb)

Li 0.5Be 0.1

1 ppmS.Q. Sc 10

10V 0.1

Mn 0.4Co 0.2Ni 1Cu 1Zn 5Ga 0.3Ge 0.05As 0.1Se 1Br 1Rb 0.1Sr 0.1Y 0.05Zr 0.1Nb 0.1Mo 0.1Ru 0.5

Pd 0.5Ag 0.1Cd 0.1In 0.01Sn 0.2Sb 0.01Te 0.5I 0.5Cs 0.01Ba 0.5La 0.01Ce 0.01Pr 0.01Nd 0.01Sm 0.01Eu 0.01Gd 0.01Tb 0.01Dy 0.01Ho 0.01Er 0.01Tm 0.01Yb 0.01Lu 0.01Hf 0.01Ta 0.02W 0.1Re 0.005Os 0.5

Pt 0.5Au 0.005S.Q.Hg 0.1Tl 0.005Pb 0.1Bi 0.5Th 0.01U

222 ppm1001001

11331010.5155110.51111

10.20.20.10.80.1120.110.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.10.110.011

10.0510.110.80.10.1 0.01

Enhanced

Detection Limits

Cr 20 3

TerraSolSM

(ppb) TerraSolSMPGE

(ppb)

205150 ppm500200504005051005020051050200

5102441010

202505210010100

11001052210.57

10.20.60.51

111000.510

105355050.50.5

20.525 ppm502054050.5105200.51520

0.510.20.40.410.251250.50.210110

0.11010.50.20.20.10.050.7

0.10.020.060.050.1

0.10.1100.050.1100.10.10.10.550.50.050.05

Rh

Ir

S.Q. Ti

S.Q. Cl