Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine November-December 2014

New wastewater plant for Tottenham

Mobile pilot plant aids small water systems

ISO 14001 being revised

Greywater recycling systems can cut freshwater use by 30%

www.esemag.comNov/Dec 2014

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FEATURES

ISSN-0835-605X • Nov/Dec 2014 Vol. 27 No. 6 • Issued November 2014

6 In Memoriam - Tom Davey

10 Mobile water treatment pilot plant helps

determine best process

14 New wastewater treatment plant will allow

Tottenham to expand

18 District water metering project cuts water loss rates

20 High quality welding is essential to product quality and longevity

24 Unraveling solutions to overwhelmed sewers

26 Environmental standard ISO 14001 being revised

29 Greywater recycling systems can cut freshwater use by 30%

30 Improving community-WWTP relationships

32 Kingston installs watertight maintenance holes

34 How can we accelerate municipal project delivery?

38 Consultants must respond to climate change impacts

42 Genomics and the evolution of environmental consulting

45 Personal knowledge management is win/win for consultants

49 The future is bright for the environmental service industry

52 New STI standard for underground steel tanks

54 London EFW plant generates almost 25,000 megawatt-hours annually

55 World’s first standard for collapsible fuel tanks released

56 Solar mixers help Pagosa Springs restore its potable water system

57 Laundering facility comes clean with secondary containment tanks

58 Alternative spill response training strategies are vital

61 Oil skimming technology helps firms meet regulations and recover lost product

62 Precast concrete structures used for massive Toronto stormwater retention tank

Contents

DEPARTMENTS

Environmental News . 70-74Product Showcase . . . 64-69Professional Cards . . . 70-74Ad Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Editor and Publisher STEVE DAVEYEmail: [email protected]

Assistant Editor PETER DAVEYEmail: [email protected]

Founding Editor TOM DAVEY

Sales Director PENNY DAVEYEmail: [email protected]

Sales Representative DENISE SIMPSON Email: [email protected]

Accounting SANDRA DAVEYEmail: [email protected]

Circulation Manager DARLANN PASSFIELDEmail: [email protected]

Design and Production EINAR RICE

Technical Advisory Board

Archis Ambulkar, Brinjac Engineering, PA

Gary Burrows, City of London

Jim Bishop, Consulting Chemist, Ontario

Patrick Coleman, Black & Veatch

Bill DeAngelis, Associated Engineering

William Fernandes, Region of Peel

Eric MacDonald, Cole Engineering Group

Marie Meunier, John Meunier Inc., Québec

Peter J. Paine, Environment Canada

Tony Petrucci, Stantec, Markham

Cordell Samuels, Region of Durham

Environmental Science & Engineering is a bi-monthly business publication of Environmental Science & Engineering Publications Inc. An all Canadian publication, ES&E provides authoritative editorial coverage of Canada’s municipal and industrial environmental control systems and drinking water treatment and distribution.

Readers include consulting engineers, industrial plant managers and engineers, key municipal, provincial and federal environmental officials, water and wastewater plant operators and contractors.

Information contained in ES&E has been compiled from sources believed to be correct. ES&E cannot be responsible for the accuracy of articles or other editorial matter. Articles in this magazine are intended to provide information rather than give legal or other professional advice. Articles being submitted for review should be emailed to [email protected].

Canadian Publications Mail Sales Second Class MailProduct Agreement No. 40065446 Registration No. 7750

Undeliverable copies, advertising space orders, copy, artwork, proofs, etc., should be sent to: Environmental Science & Engineering, 220 Industrial Pkwy. S., Unit 30, Aurora, Ontario, Canada, L4G 3V6, Tel: (905)727-4666, Fax: (905) 841-7271, Web site: www.esemag.com

ll

Page 54

Page 20

Page 62

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine6 | November/December 2014

It is with great sadness that I an-

nounce the passing of Tom Davey,

dear husband, father, grandfather

and Founding Editor of Environ-

mental Science & Engineering

Magazine. Editorial comments were

Tom’s forte, so it is fitting that his

Memoriam appear where his mus-

ings did for so many years.

Working in a family business, I

had the rare privilege of getting to

know my dad more closely than

most sons can and to see his pro-

fessional impact. We worked to-

gether, cottaged together and

shared a passion for swimming,

automobiles and motorcycles. It

is heartwarming to know that Tom

lived long enough to see his grand-

son Peter become part of the jour-

nalistic fraternity, when he joined

ES&E as assistant editor, and his

other grandson Mark, graduate as

a chemical engineer.

Tom Davey was born in 1930

in Lancashire, a depressed

area in northern England. The

family was far from poor as

Tom’s mother owned a very prosperous

business and his father was a highly paid

coal miner. Tom initially showed little in-

clination for scholarship, but he learned

to sight-read music easily. By the age of

16, he was earning money playing the ac-

cordion in a band. As a teenager, he also

competed in Lancashire swim meets as a

water polo player.

Leaving school at 14, which was typ-

ical in that era, he was apprenticed to

become a plumber and property repairer.

At 21, Tom was drafted into the Royal

Air Force and spent his National Service

years as a military policeman and dog

handler. Upon leaving the RAF, he ran

into a series of jobs, including that of a

lathe operator at Leyland Motors. While

he found it fascinating to make one com-

plex component on a capstan lathe, he

found it boring beyond measure to make

several thousand.

He then responded to an invitation to

try for a place at Plater Hall, a college in

Oxford. There were no exams, but appli-

cants had to write a series of essays. The

college liked his essays – asked for more

– then sent someone down to interview

him. The town council also gave him an

interview and said they would look fa-

vorably on giving him a grant for a three

year live-in course at the college.

But with almost a year to wait, Tom

got restless and decided on the spur of

the moment to emigrate alone to Can-

ada. He had a tough time getting any

work, but his RAF police training came

in useful. The newly formed Metropoli-

tan Toronto Police accepted him after he

passed the exams.

His first job was in Traffic Division

and life seemed perfect for a 26-year

old. He was riding a Harley Davidson,

armed with a revolver and earning near-

ly $5,000 a year, at a time when new

homes in Metro Toronto could be had

for $10,500.

Tom and Sandra (née Turner) were

married in Mimico in 1959. By then,

Tom had sold some of his articles and

Sandra encouraged him to take a jour-

nalism course at the University of Toron-

to. This was the most profound learning

experience of his life. The young family

returned to England for a while, where

I was born in 1961. Tom had a great job

as a feature writer in London’s famed

Fleet Street and life was good for three

years.

Then the family decided to try Aus-

tralia. They disembarked at Melbourne,

where Tom got a job as a senior news-

paper reporter. Later, he transferred to

the Australian Broadcasting Corpora-

tion’s international desk, called Radio

Australia. The work was very rigorous,

often requiring 4 a.m. to noon shifts or

midnight to 8 a.m. It was great train-

ing though. The editors had to develop

a deep understanding of politics, cur-

rent affairs, geography and economics.

However, the environment was seldom

in the news in those days.

Their daughter, Penny (ES&E’s

Sales Director) was born in Melbourne

in 1964. But, when a job opening be-

came available in Tasmania, the ABC

shipped the whole family – lock, stock

and babies – by sea across the Bass

Strait. Here Tom worked on both radio

and TV projects. The ABC generously

continued overleaf...

Tom, Penny and Steve at an annual 5S Society lunch.

In Memoriam

Thomas Peter DaveyJune 8, 1930 - November 25, 2014

Tom with his Metro Toronto Police

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paid for him to go to the University of

Tasmania one day a week. Tom wrote

for the university paper, joined the arts

faculty debating team, and swam centre

forward for the varsity water polo team.

They might well have stayed in Aus-

tralia, but Sandra’s father became se-

riously ill, so they made the decision

to return to England in 1967. After six

months in England, Sandra’s father died,

so they decided to return to Toronto. Af-

ter a brief stint on newspapers, Tom got

a job as editor of Water and Pollution Control Magazine in 1968 and Canadi-an Consulting Engineer in 1971. Later,

Tom became publications and science

editor at the University of Toronto’s In-

stitute for Environmental Studies before

founding Davcom in 1974. Davcom edit-

ed magazines for Southam Publications,

newsletters and reports for the federal

government, the U of T, and such clients

as CIDA, Gore & Storrie Ltd. and Proc-

tor and Redfern Ltd.

During this time, Tom also lectured

at McGill, Trent and Queen’s Universi-

ties, U of T, Humber College and other

learning institutions. He was a speaker at

a World Health Organization meeting in

Rome, Italy, the keynote speaker at the

Sixth National Conference on Drink-

ing Water in B.C. and many other con-

ferences. He served as president of the

Canadian Science Writers Association.

He also won many writing awards in the

U.S. and Canada.

Tom and I launched Environmental Science and Engineering Magazine in

January 1988. Daughter Penny joined

the firm later that year. Wife Sandra is

still an editor at ES&E.

Tom Davey, throughout his distin-

guished career of over 50 years, demon-

strated exceptional leadership in the

championing of environmental issues in

the water environment industry in On-

tario and across Canada. His work has

traversed a broad spectrum of writing

and presentations to both environmental

professionals, and lay audiences, often

translating complex technical environ-

mental issues for the public without the

loss of scientific accuracy.

Tom won some 30 awards for his

writing on environmental issues. Three

prestigious international awards of note

were bestowed upon Tom in recognition

of his contributions to increased knowl-

edge of, concern for, and commitment

to the environment, namely:

• In 1980, Tom became the first Ca-

nadian to be awarded the J.H. Neal

award from the American Business

Press for a series of articles on U.S.

environmental policies.

• In 1980, the WPCF (now the Water

Environment Federation) awarded

Tom its Harry E. Schlenz Medal - the

first Canadian to be so honoured.

• In 1982, Tom won a second J.H. Neal

award.

• In 1992, Tom received the Canadian

Government’s top Environmental

Achievement Award in the field of

“Outstanding Communications for En-

vironmental Awareness.” This award

was recognized by a personal letter of

congratulations from Prime Minister

Brian Mulroney, stating that “you have

contributed in a significant way to pro-

tecting, conserving and rehabilitating

the environment.”

• In 2002, Tom won an Award of Merit

from the American Water Works As-

sociation.

• In 2010, Tom received the first Geoff

Scott Memorial Award from the Water

Environment Association of Ontario.

In addition to countless magazine

and newspaper articles, he authored

three books: Recollections, a history of

water pollution control in Ontario, All the Views Fit to Print and For Whom The Polls Tell, both environmental an-

thologies.

Tom Davey was well known, high-

ly respected and a credit to his profes-

sion. He was extremely proud to have

conceived and help launch the Aurora

Writers Group, which continues to this

day. Tom retired from ES&E in 2008

and was later made a Lifetime Member

of the Water Environment Association

of Ontario in recognition of his contri-

butions.

He is survived by his wife Sandra,

daughter Penny, son Steve (Colleen) and

grandsons, Peter and Mark Davey.

Steve Davey is Editor of Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine. Email: [email protected]

(Psst. Dad, as one journalist to another -30-)

Peter Laughton, then President of R.V. Anderson Associates with Sandra and Tom.

Tom (centre) receives his AWWA Award.

March/April 2014 | 9 www.esemag.com


Water Treatment

Determining and validating

the best water treatment

technologies to meet the

unique needs of small, rural

and First Nations communities (SRCs)

has gone mobile, thanks to a public-pri-

vate consortium.

RES’EAU-WaterNET is a Natural

Sciences and Engineering Research

Council (NSERC) Strategic Network

founded in 2008; it is based at the Uni-

versity of British Columbia (UBC).

This year, RES’EAU WaterNET and its

partners have launched the mobile water

treatment pilot plant (MWTPP), which

contains a range of water treatment sys-

tems.

The pilot plant is at the forefront of

RES’EAU WaterNET’s Community

Circle approach to innovation, a model

that takes research out of the laboratory

and into the real world. It allows the in-

corporation of stakeholders’ experience

and insight at the earliest stages of the

problem-solving process. Network in-

vestigators work closely with commu-

nities to understand the limitations and

constraints they face and identify re-

search priorities. The ultimate goal is to

produce novel, integrated solutions that

are effective for the community.

The Living Lab consists of a 6.4 me-

tre-long dual-axle cargo trailer, trans-

formed into a flexible water treatment

pilot plant. It contains a wide range of

water treatment systems, including var-

ious types of filtration (a self-cleaning

filter, bag filter and cartridge filters), an

ion exchange unit, an activated carbon

unit, and both conventional and vacuum

UV systems for disinfection. It can also

chlorinate the treated water to check for

disinfection residuals.

The MWTPP was designed to evalu-

ate the various treatment processes, in-

dividually or in combination, at differ-

ent SRCs. It uses the community’s raw

water as its water source. Flexibility in

the design is accomplished by installing

bypass piping around each of the treat-

ment technologies.

The Lytton First Nation, Nickeyeah

Reserve, British Columbia, recently un-

derwent comprehensive water system

upgrades. These included the construc-

tion of a new water intake, water treat-

ment plant and reservoir. Prior consul-

tations were held with the community’s

personnel regarding the existing treat-

ment system, and the future system’s

operation. As part of the consultations,

it was also brought to light that residents

disliked the unstable chlorine residual

that resulted from changes in organic

content of the source water.

“It is important for the success of

the project to have sufficient commu-

nity input during the design phase,”

said Jim Brown, maintenance manager

and operation supervisor at Lytton First

Nation. Brown organized the commu-

nity input and fully collaborated with

the RES’EAU team at various stages of

the project. “We require a cost-effective

system that can handle our source water

challenges, and one that can be operated

reliably using the resources we have in

the community,” he further stated.

The MWTPP was first deployed in

Lytton First Nation earlier this summer.

It served three purposes: to investigate

different water treatment technologies;

to gather data for the design of Nicke-

yeah Reserves’s new water treatment

plant; and to provide training to the wa-

ter operators in Lytton First Nation. continued overleaf...

Mobile water treatment pilot plant helps determine best process By George Thorpe

The new RES’EAU WaterNET mobile plant tested raw water at Lytton First Nation, Nickeyeah Indian Reserve, B.C.

Left to Right: Irfan Gehlen (Kerr Wood Leidal), Lytton operators Warren Brown and Jim Brown, Ted Molyneux (AANDC),

Madjid Mohseni (UBC/RES’EAU) and George Thorpe (BI Pure Water).

•entire plant.

• en r in e en te n l an pr t l i e tr e pl n pla i pli it r l n ter re ti n in i i nin an aintenan e t .

• r pletel i ital plat r inte rate ea le l int r ntr l te .• ali rate ea re an ent. it e a e l a e ti e an ne

it tr e en r li e le ana e ent plete ali rati n re r tan ar ana e ent an er i e i t r .

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Water Treatment

The results of the experimental runs

were used to design the new treatment

plant, which employs several types of

filtration, UV for primary disinfection

and chlorine for secondary disinfection.

The operators were exposed to the op-

eration and maintenance of the systems

in the MWTPP and trained to keep the

system running at peak efficiency.

John Bergese was the research en-

gineer and project coordinator for the

operation of the plant at Lytton First

Nation. He was assisted by UBC engi-

neering students. “Taking the research

from a laboratory to the field was in-

spiring. It is a great tool for conduct-

ing research, and to train students and

community operators. They get to

sense what it feels like being in the lab-

oratory while being in the real world,”

he said.

The MWTPP will also investigate

various water research topics. The par-

allel installation of a conventional UV

lamp with a vacuum UV lamp will com-

pare UV and VUV irradiations with

small flows (<15 l/min), for the remov-

al of organics, disinfection byproduct

precursors, and chemicals of emerging

concern that are becoming more com-

mon in many water supplies. A chem-

ical metering tank installed before the

lamps allows for the dosing of emerg-

ing contaminants or microbiological

contaminants for the specified research

questions.

Partners who collaborated on the

development of the mobile water treat-

ment pilot plant were: UBC, the Peter

Wall Institute for Advanced Studies

(PWSI), IC-IMPACTS Networks of

Centres of Excellence, Trojan Tech-

nologies and BI Pure Water Inc. RES-

EAU also worked closely with Aborig-

inal Affairs and Northern Development

Canada (AANDC).

George Thorpe, P.Eng., is with BI Pure Water (Canada) Inc.

Email: [email protected]

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Wastewater Treatment

A new wastewater treatment

facility capable of achieving

an effluent yearly average

phosphorus concentration

of 0.07 mg/l, is being built by the Town

of New Tecumseth to serve the commu-

nity of Tottenham. This effluent concen-

tration is considered to be the current

limit of technology in wastewater treat-

ment, as achievable by two-stage tertia-

ry treatment.

Project historyNew Tecumseth in southwestern On-

tario, is an amalgamated municipality in-

cluding the towns of Alliston, Tottenham

and Beeton, as well as the surrounding

rural area of Tecumseth Township. In

2010, the Town completed an Adden-

dum to the 2005 Class Environmental

Assessment, to review the preferred al-

ternative for wastewater servicing. The

2010 Addendum identified replacement

of the existing Tottenham wastewater

treatment plant with a new limit of tech-

nology treatment facility, discharging to

Beeton Creek.

Recognizing that the allowable phos-

phorus loading limit for this receiver

would require a concentration less than

achievable by a limit of technology fa-

cility, a non-point source control pro-

gram has been accepted by the Ontario

Ministry of the Environment to reduce

loading from other sources. This is to

achieve no net increase in overall phos-

phorus loading to the receiver.

Non-point source load reductions

include a mix of urban stormwater sys-

tem retrofits and rural best management

practices.

The wastewater treatment facilityThe new Tottenham WWTP is de-

signed for an annual average flow ca-

pacity of 4,082 m3/day, providing ade-

quate capacity for growth in Tottenham

to at least 2031. The new treatment fa-

cilities are located in what was one of

four pre-existing lagoons. This allows

the plant to be completed before the

majority of the existing facilities are

decommissioned. The new facility in-

cludes:

• Screening (6 mm) and vortex grit re-

moval in a headworks building.

• Extended aeration process, consisting

of bioreactors with fine pore diffusers

and secondary clarification.

• Two-stage tertiary treatment using bal-

lasted clarification (complete with 6

mm perforated plate tertiary screening)

and shallow-bed sand filtration. This

is all located in a new administration/

tertiary building.

• Chemical addition for enhanced phos-

phorus removal and pH control.

• UV disinfection.

• Aerobic digestion for sludge stabiliza-

tion.

• Odour control system.

• Biosolids utilization on agricultural

land.

Infrastructure from the existing facil-

ity, which will be reused, includes two

lagoons for temporary storage of flows

exceeding peak day tertiary treatment

design capacity, a lagoon for biosolids

storage during winter periods, and the

existing outfall to Beeton Creek.

Design effluent objectives and limits

for the new Tottenham WWTP are pro-

vided in Table 1. In particular, effective

nitrification and phosphorus removal

are required to meet the stringent efflu-

ent objectives and compliance criteria

as defined by the Water Quality Impact

Assessment. Effluent requirements in-

clude: a seasonal average total ammo-

nia-nitrogen (TAN) compliance con-

centration as low as 0.5 mg/l (May 1 to

September 30), a monthly average total

phosphorus (TP) concentration of 0.1

mg/l, with an annual average TP load re-

quirement of 0.28 kg/day. This is equiv-

alent to a concentration of 0.07 mg/l,

at the annual average flow of 4,082 m3/

day.

The definition and use of seasonal

monthly average effluent concentration

and yearly average load requirements is

a beneficial compliance structure. This

allows some variability in monthly av-

erage concentration up to 0.1 mg/l, so

long as the yearly average load can be

achieved.

Non-point source load reductionsIt was determined that the phospho-

rus loading to Beeton Creek from the

Tottenham WWTP should not exceed

65 kg/year. However, it will produce


New wastewater treatment plant will allow Town of Tottenham to expand By Heather Brewer, Ben Samuell, George Godin and Emil Rafanan

A rendering of the new Tottenham wastewater treatment plant.

November/December 2014 | 15 www.esemag.com

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an annual TP loading of 104 kg/year,

which is 39 kg/year too high. So, one

condition in the Environmental Com-

pliance Approval (ECA) for the new

WWTP is the implementation of a TP

offset program within five years of issu-

ance of the approval.

The offset program is designed to

achieve an equivalent annual reduction

of TP loading into Beeton Creek and

the broader Innisfil Creek sub-water-

shed. Urban stormwater management

phosphorus offsets are credited on a

2:1 ratio, while rural best management

phosphorus offsets are credited on a 4:1

ratio. The phosphorus load offset poten-

tial from improving existing stormwa-

ter management facilities in the Beeton

Creek watershed, was estimated at ap-

proximately 30 kg/year.

The potential phosphorus loading

reduction associated with rural “tier

1 projects”, such as improved manure

storage facilities for farms located with-

in the watershed, was estimated to be 70

to 135 kg/year. This assumes a 50% up-

take by eligible farms under a directed

outreach and funding program.

As a result, these urban and rural

non-point source controls should to-

gether achieve a phosphorus credit of 33

to 49 kg/year when the applicable credit

ratios are applied.

The instrument for implementation

of the farming best management prac-

tices for offset opportunities is refer-

enced under the Town’s Bylaw 2013-

018 that enacts an agreement with the

Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Au-

thority (NVCA). Under the Conserva-tion Authorities Act, the NVCA has a

broad mandate to manage the natural

resources of the watershed in which it

has jurisdiction. This includes protect-

ing and restoring the health of local wa-

tercourses.

Under the ECA for the new Tottenham

WWTP, the Town is initially required to

submit yearly status and progress reports

on the TP offset program. After two con-

secutive years with TP offset credits not

less than 39 kg/year, reporting frequency

will drop to three years.

Heather Brewer, Ben Samuell and George Godin are with Conestoga-

Rovers & Associates Limited (A GHD Company). Emil Rafanan is with XCG

Consultants Limited. For more information, contact

[email protected]

Wastewater Treatment

Headworks and administration-tertiary buildings under construction, Oct. 2014.

Parameter Effluent Concentration Objective (mg/l)

Effluent Concentration Limit

(mg/l)

Effluent Load Limit (kg/day)

Five day Carbonaceous

Biochemical Oxygen Demand

5 6 -

Total Suspended Solids 10 15 -

Total Phosphorus 0.07 0.1

(Monthly average)

0.28

(Annual average)

Total Ammonia-Nitrogen

November 1 to March 31 3.0 3.3 -

April 1 to April 30 1.0 1.2 -

May 1 to September 30 0.35 0.5 -

October 1 to October 31 1.0 1.2 -

Table 1. Effluent objectives and limits for the new Tottenham WWTP.

Better

performance,

at a lower

operational cost

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Water Distribution

The White House Utility District

(WHUD) is one of the largest

water and sewer utilities in

Tennessee, serving approxi-

mately 90,000 customers with 30,000

connections, across a 1,550-km2 area.

White House has some 1,600 km of

distribution mains and 21 storage facil-

ities. It produces on average 53,000 m3/

day and had a reported 30% non-reve-

nue water (NRW).

In late 2013, the District started to

seriously look at how to reduce the level

of NRW. Due to the large geographical

size and mix of pipework material, they

decided that planning and implementing

district metered areas (DMAs) would be

the most efficient way to reduce NRW.

Principles of a DMA The key principle behind DMA

management is the use of flow data to

determine the level of leakage within

a defined area of the water distribution

network. Establishing DMAs, which

have been used in Europe for decades,

enables current levels of leakage to be

determined in any one part of a system.

Consequently, leak location activities

can be prioritized.

By monitoring flows in DMAs, it is

possible to identify existing and new

bursts, so that leakage can be main-

tained at the optimum level for that

area. Data received from each DMA is

used to compare one part of any system

against another. Historical data of any

given DMA is used to compare current

flow with previous days. This data al-

lows a utility to react quickly to areas

with high leakage, and confirm and re-

pair leaks as soon as they happen.

Levels of leakage will continue to

rise as time elapses, unless an ongoing

leakage control program is implement-

ed. DMA management should, there-

fore, be considered to reduce, monitor,

and subsequently maintain low leakage

levels in a water distribution network.

Fundamental to DMA management

is the correct analysis of flow data, in or-

der to determine whether there is excess

leakage, and identify the presence of new

leaks. The extent of leakage can be gauged

by assessing the 24-hour flow pattern of a

network. A limited variation between the

minimum and peak flow, particularly in a

network with little industrial night use, is

indicative of a leaky network.

However, this approach does not

allow the leakage level to be directly

quantified. Leakage is most accurately

determined when customer consump-

tion is at a minimum during the night,

and is referred to as the minimum night

flow (MNF). In addition to daily data

and trends, a water balance check can be

executed each month to gauge the actual

NRW in any given DMA.

WHUD considered various DMA

flow meter options, and decided that the

HydrINS 2 single point electrometric

insertion meter, from Hydreka, offered

the flexibility and data needed to focus

on their NRW reduction and control

program.

ImplementationIn early 2014, WHUD tested this

technology to ensure it met their re-

quirements. In spring 2014 they invest-

ed in a further 25 DMA meters, which

would remotely send daily data, flow

and pressure information to their head-

quarters.

This data is analyzed on a daily basis

to maximize the benefits of DMA man-

agement to the utility. In conjunction

with the meter installations, WHUD

invested in leak detection equipment,

acoustic noise loggers and a ground mi-

crophone, for in-house use.

This enabled them to be reactive and

focus leak detection efforts on DMAs

with high usage/flow. This practice en-

sures they are as efficient as possible

Reducing non-revenue water through district metered areas By Simon Wick and Pat Harrell

DMA management should, therefore, be considered to reduce, monitor, and subsequently maintain low

leakage levels in a water distribution network.

Example of the acoustic loggers deployment map.


Water Distribution

in targeting leakage, as they are able to

concentrate on high priority areas first.

It also allows the volume of NRW (in-

cluding leakage) in any one DMA to be

calculated. All data is manually inputted

into a GIS, including the acoustic noise

logging data for increased awareness,

tracking and acoustic foot printing.

WHUD continues to use this data

from their zone and DMA’s meters to

prioritize their proactive leak detection

efforts. Their objective is to have the

distribution system 100% covered by

DMAs in two years. In addition, they

plan to expand on their proactive leak

detection surveys and evaluate solutions

to ensure the analytical process for the

DMA data is as automatic and as fast as

possible. This will enable them to reach

their target of less than 15% non-reve-

nue water.

Simon Wick is with Matchpoint Water Asset Management. Pat Harrell

is with the White House Utility District. Email: [email protected],

[email protected]

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Overview of Phase 1 DMA plan. The Hydreka HydrINS 2 meter.


Manufacturing

Mention welding and the

most common picture

that appears in a person’s

imagination is of the soli-

tary welder behind a mask with a bright

bluish, whitish light shining brilliantly

around them. But what’s really happen-

ing behind all those arcs and sparks?

Welding is a ubiquitous operation

in the manufacture and construction of

everything from consumer goods to ve-

hicles and bridges to processing plants.

Yet, despite its wide range of applica-

tion, few understand what is really go-

ing on “behind the mask.”

Welding is one of the most flexible

and adaptive joining technologies that

exist today. It can join materials from

less than one millimetre in thickness up

to hundreds of millimetres thick and can

be used to join steel, aluminum, copper

and almost anything you can think of.

The science of welding touches on a

wide range of disciplines, electrical, met-

allurgical, thermodynamics and more.

Suffice it to say, welding can be com-

plex and requires real expertise to ensure

it is done both correctly and safely. Like

many industries, the use of standards

to control the operation of welding is

critical. Canada enjoys a long history of

world-class standards in the discipline

of welding, and our excellent track re-

cord in safe welded infrastructure is due

in large part to these standards.

Canada has two distinct sets of stan-

dards as it relates to welding:

For boilers, pressure vessels and

pressure piping, the normal standard

that is used is the Canadian Stan-

dards Association (CSA) B51 “Boil-er, pressure vessel, and pressure piping code.” This is an adoption

of American Society of Mechanical

Engineers Section IX “Welding and brazing qualifications.”

For structures, machinery and other

non-pressure applications, the CSA

“W” series of standards is normal-

ly used. The most common CSA

welding standard in use in this area

is CSA W47.1 “Certification of com-panies for fusion welding of steel.”

Although similar in some ways, the

two sets of standards are very different.

They have been developed for very dif-

ferent types of products that have very

different performance expectations once

in service. It is critical for owners, engi-

neers and other specifiers to understand

what standard(s) is applicable for the

project at hand. It is not a matter of one

standard being better than the other; rath-

er it is selecting the right standard for the

right product and service conditions.

Welding in the pressure vessel/

piping area is normally regulated at a

provincial level by government agen-

cies such as the Alberta Boiler Safety

Association or the Technical Standards

& Safety Authority. Although the base

standards noted previously are the same

across Canada, each agency may have a

slightly different approach as to how the

standards are implemented.

Non-pressure standards, on the other

hand, are the same all across Canada.

There are several CSA standards that

may be used, the choice typically de-

pendent on the material being welded.

The Canadian Welding Bureau (CWB)

is the national certification body that

oversees the application of these stan-

dards.

As noted previously, the most com-

mon CSA welding standard used in

Canada is CSA W47.1 “Certification of companies for fusion welding of steel.”

This standard applies to a wide range

of applications: structures, buildings,

bridges, machinery, equipment, cranes,

tanks, non-pressure piping and antenna

towers, to name a few.

CSA W47.1 is a company certifica-

tion standard and is intended to provide

assurance that the company has all the

components in place to produce a sound

weld. The standard is based on the un-

derstanding that there are three key

components that must be in place to en-

sure a sound, high quality weld:

1. Competent people making the welds

(the welders).

2. A proven recipe for making the

welds (the welding procedure).


Welding: What’s really happening behind the mask?By J. Craig Martin

Canada enjoys a long history of world-class welding standards.


3. Competent shop floor and engineering

staff (the welding supervisor/engineer).

All these components are of great im-

portance and a welding company cannot

claim to be certified to CSA W47.1 un-

less all three are shown to be in place.

A great weld results from more than

just the skill of the welder. Although

this is an important element, the welder

must also know what they are welding

and how to weld it. This is where the

welding procedure comes into play.

Training, supervisory and engineering

personnel must also control the entire

welding operation. There is risk of a

poor quality weld if any one of these el-

ements is missing.

An additional method to ensure high

quality and safe welds is the concept of

an independent third party to confirm that

those welding companies that choose to

become certified do, in fact, meet the key

requirements of the certification stan-

dard. This is where the CWB comes in.

When the first CSA W47.1 standard

was introduced in 1947, the industry

agreed that a single body should be

formed to administer the standard. The

objective was to create a level playing

field by ensuring consistent application

of the stated requirements. This would

in turn help guarantee that welded struc-

tures were of high quality and safe.

In response, the CWB was formed as

a non-government, not-for-profit, industry

funded organization, acting as an inde-

pendent certification body for the welding

industry. Its primary mandate, however, is

the protection of public safety.

Since its creation, the CWB has ex-

panded its role within industry, manag-

ing multiple CSA welding standards for

fabricators, inspectors and welding con-

sumables. Today, there are over 6,500

companies certified by the CWB in over

20 countries around the world.

To prove competence in the practical

application of welding, individual weld-

ers must undergo regular testing. This

is normally done every two years and

welders are examined on each weld-

ing process, welding position and joint

configuration for which they wish to be

qualified. All testing is witnessed by the

CWB and documents of certification are

issued.

For welders to know what they are

welding and how to weld it, a procedure

must be created by the company. This

lists all the variables that may impact

the final quality of the weld. The mate-

rial grade, the filler metal, the welding

parameters, the required preheat and

many other variables must be defined in

what is essentially a recipe for making

the weld. These procedures are created

by the welding supervisor and/or engi-

neer and then independently reviewed

by the CWB for compliance to applica-

ble standards.

Certification is not a one-time event.

All organizations that are certified to

CSA W47.1 must continually comply

with the requirements of certification,

ensuring that new welders are proven to

be competent and that new welding pro-

cedures are developed for new projects

that they undertake.

In addition, the CWB continual-

ly monitors the activities of certified

companies providing on-site audits of

the welding operation at least every six

months. As a not-for-profit certification

body, costs to industry are kept low,

with the typical Canadian fabricator’s

certification fees set at less than $2,500

annually.

Certification brings many benefits to

both the welding industry, and the spec-

ifiers, owners and end users. The weld-

ing industry has realized cost savings

as they leverage certification to man-

age quality issues and reduce rework

and client complaints. For the end user,

specifying certification can help reduce

risk of poor quality or failure.

For some product types, certifica-

tion is mandatory under regulatory re-

quirements or product safety standards.

Buildings, bridges, cranes, platforms,

railings and stairways are some of the

product types where certification is

mandatory for the welded fabricator.

Where certification is not mandatory,

many owners choose to require certifi-

cation by their suppliers or subcontrac-

tors as an extra assurance for quality

and risk reduction.

J. Craig Martin is with the Canadian Welding Bureau.


Manufacturing

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Wastewater

If people got a good sniff of a rag-

ged wastewater pump and had

to untangle a snarled mess of en-

twined fabric, pumping stations

might get a break from the onslaught

of “flushable” wipes and products clog-

ging their systems.

Yet, there is not much preventing

people from using the toilet as a waste

disposal unit. While some personal hy-

giene companies have started to change

their marketing and product instruc-

tions, there is no definition of what is

“flushable.”

“You can write flushable on any-

thing,” said Robert Haller, executive di-

rector of the Canadian Water and Waste-

water Association (CWWA). “Anything

that disappears when you pull the han-

dle can be called flushable.”

The Association of the Nonwoven

Fabrics Industry defines a flushable

product as one that will pass through

toilets and drainage pipes without ad-

versely impacting plumbing or waste-

water infrastructure and operations.

According to Joe Gemin, an engineer

with AECOM, the problem is that once

these fabrics are in the sewerage system,

or worse, spun inside a pump, they in-

tertwine to form a rope-like mass. This

can result in a stalled pump or a sewage

backup.

The CWWA has been working for

some time, trying to push through reg-

ulations governing the labeling and

disposal of wipes. However, the

demand for these products is huge

and growing. It is estimated that

sales of disposable wipes is grow-

ing at 5% a year in North America

and will reach $2.5 billion in 2016.

Haller estimates that munici-

palities in Canada face $250 mil-

lion in costs related to removing

garbage from sewerage systems, adding

that this estimate is “on the low end.”

Making matters worse, consumer

habits and efficient fixtures have re-

duced water consumption. This means

that wastewater volume is becoming

smaller, while the solids content is re-

maining the same or increasing.

Sometimes weekly unclogging of

pumps, screens and private drains is

now just part of the job for operators

and treatment plants.

“Everyone is impacted by this, even

if they don’t know it,” said Barry Orr,

spokesperson for the Municipal En-

forcement Sewer Use Group (MESUG).

“If beaches were covered with wipes

and feminine hygiene products, there

would be an outcry.”

Municipalities have a tougher time

rousing public awareness and action,

compared to other growing concerns

such as micro plastics or medicines. At

a recent community event discussing

micro plastics in the Great Lakes,

some 100 people filled the presen-

tation room in Toronto and spoke

loudly about protecting water-

ways.

“Unplugging a pump or grind-

er doesn’t carry the same weight

as environmental concerns over

personal care products (cleansers

using micro plastics) or medicine,” said

Haller. Indeed an image of a seabird, its

stomach full of plastic drew an emotion-

al response from the crowd in Toronto.

An intertwined pile of pump debris may

not do the same.

Fabric manufacturers have published

Unraveling solutions to overwhelmed sewer systemsBy Peter Davey

Municipalities in Canada face $250 million in costs related to

removing garbage from sewerage systems.

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Wastewater

a guidance document for flushable

wipes and a proposed ISO commit-

tee has been launched to provide

a definition on what is “flushable”

and/or “dispersible.”

On the treatment side, wastewater

equipment manufacturers have in-

troduced new technologies to move

wastewater without clogging pumps.

According to KSB Pumps, there

are two basic methods to transport

wastewater containing solids. One

way is to use pumps with a large

enough free passage, so that the

solids will not clog up the pump.

Another is to keep the solids away

from the pump or to reduce the size

of the solids.

This summer, KSB celebrated 25 years

working in Canada with a media open

house. During the event KSB introduced

the AmaDS3 (dry solids separation) sys-

tem to overcome clogged sewage pumps.

Interestingly, the system was described to

the event attendees as a “reverse toilet,”

emulating the main entrance point for the

problem it aims to address.

Raw wastewater first flows into a

separator where a grate separates solids

from liquids. The solids-free wastewater

then runs into a collecting tank where

it remains until a pre-set water level is

reached. When the system is activated,

the collecting tank is pumped out to the

discharge pipe, carrying away the solids

contained by the grate. Once the mini-

mum water level in the collecting tank

is reached, the pump set is stopped.

At this point the inflow check valve

opens again automatically, allowing

the next flow of wastewater to enter

the system.

According to KSB, the system

is well suited for remote mountain

communities that use a lot of lift

stations to transport a small amount

of sewage. As the pumps in the

AmaDS3 system are isolated from

solids carried in wastewater, they

can use higher efficiency impellers

and enjoy a longer service life with

less maintenance.

The system is being used in Eu-

rope, in such countries as Germany,

Slovenia, Poland, Italy and Den-

mark. It is ideal for any pumping station

struggling with garbage and debris.

Peter Davey is the assistant editor of Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine. Email: [email protected]

For more information, visit: www.ksb.com

A common sight for wastewater operators, a

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Certification

ISO 14001, the world’s most pop-

ular standard for environmental

management, is now under review,

with an updated version due in ear-

ly 2015. Over 250,000 organizations are

certified to ISO 14001 and while it con-

tinues to be as relevant as ever, the revi-

sion will take into consideration a num-

ber of issues to ensure organizations are

able to grow in a sustainable way.

What are the benefits of ISO 14001?ISO 14001 enables companies to:

• Reduce waste and energy use through

better environmental management.

• Improve efficiency and cut the cost of

running a business.

• Expand business opportunities by

demonstrating compliance.

• Meet legal obligations to win greater

stakeholder and customer trust.

• Prepare for the changing business

landscape confidently.

Why is ISO 14001 being revised?All ISO standards are reviewed ev-

ery five years to establish if a revision

is required to keep it current and rel-

evant for the marketplace. The future

ISO 14001:2015 will respond to the latest

trends and ensure compatibility with oth-

er management system standards such as

ISO 9001.

What will be the main changes to the standard?

The new version will include a re-

quirement to understand the organiza-

tion’s context in order to better manage

risk. More emphasis will be placed on

leaders within organizations to promote

environmental management. In addition,

there will be a shift towards improving

environmental performance rather than

improving the management system.

Two significant actionsThe revision has been written using

the new high level structure which is

common to all new management sys-

tems standards. This will allow easy in-

tegration when implementing more than

one management system.

The second action comes from the

“Future Challenges for Environmental

Management Systems (EMS) Study

Group”, which evaluated the potential

implications of evolving stakeholder ex-

pectations and new developments in en-

vironmental management systems. The

study group analyzed 11 key themes

along with the obstacles and opportu-

nities to increase uptake of ISO 14001

in small organizations. This will allow

them to control environmental impacts

in the supply chain, engage stakeholders

and communicate externally.

Recommendations The initial Berlin meeting of ISO/

Technical Committee (TC) 207 sum-

marized the ISO standards development

process for working group members;

they are responsible for the revision

process. It established a timeline and

code of conduct, reviewed details in the

two key reports forming the basis for

the revision and provided guidelines on

writing standards.

In total, the Future Challenges Study

Group tabled 25 recommendations for

consideration in the new revision of ISO

14001:

1. When considering new require-

ments in a revised version of ISO

14001, one should remember that

the EMS standard is a tool to im-

prove environmental management.

So, new requirements should not be

set in such a way that they only re-

flect “best in class” levels that could

dissuade or exclude entry level or-

ganizations. The use of “maturity

matrixes” should be considered to

show how requirements could be

applied in an increasingly compre-

hensive manner.

2. An organization should retain

the responsibility to align its ISO

14001 processes with its environ-

mental and business priorities.

3. Strengthen focus on subjects such

as transparency and accountabili-

ty in environmental management

issues and performance, and value

chain influence and responsibility.

4. Express environmental manage-

ment more clearly as contributing

Revision is underway for ISO 14001

By Anne Marie Pizzitelli and Katie Bird


Certification to sustainable development which

is the key pillar of social responsi-

bility.

5. Broaden/clarify the concept of

“prevention of pollution.”

6. Consider addressing other environ-

mental principles from ISO 26000

(social responsibility), Clause 6.5.

7. Consider aligning language be-

tween ISO 26000 and ISO 14001.

8. Clarify the ISO 14001 requirements

for improving environmental per-

formance.

9. Strengthen performance evaluation

as part of ISO 14001 4.5.1; consider

how performance evaluation is ad-

dressed in ISO 14031 (environmen-

tal performance evaluation), ISO

50001 (energy management), and

in the EMAS III (EU Eco-Manage-

ment and Audit Scheme) and Glob-

al Reporting Initiative.

10. Communicate the approach to and

mechanism of achieving legal com-

pliance in ISO 14001.

11. Address the concept of “demon-

stration of the commitment to legal

compliance.”

12. Consider including the concept of

demonstrating knowledge and un-

derstanding of the organization’s

compliance status.

13. Emphasize the strategic consider-

ations, benefits and opportunities of

environmental management for or-

ganizations in the introduction and

requirements sections.

14. Strengthen on a strategic level, the

relationship between environmental

management and the core business

of an organization, which are its

products and services and interac-

tion with stakeholders, clients and

suppliers.

15. Use the Joint Technical Coordi-

nation Group’s identical text on

“context of the organization” to

strengthen the link between envi-

ronmental management and the or-

ganization’s overall strategy.

16. Consider the implications of new

business management models in

applying ISO 14001.

17. Draft clear and unambiguous ISO

14001 requirements.

18. Provide clearer guidance in Annex

A to avoid misinterpretation of the

requirements.

19. Maintain the applicability of ISO

14001 to small and medium-sized

enterprises (SMEs). For example,

by drafting simple and understand-

able requirements.

20. Consider the information given in

the European Committee for Stan-

dardization’s Guide 17, guidance

for writing standards, taking into

account micro and SMEs’ needs.

21. Address life cycle thinking and

the value chain perspectives more

clearly in the identification and

evaluation of environmental as-

pects related to products and ser-

vices.

22. Include clear requirements and

guidance on environmental strate-

gy, design and development, pur-

chasing, marketing and sales activ-

ities, in alignment with organiza-

tional priorities.

23. Introduce a more systematic ap-

proach to identifying, consulting

and communicating with stakehold-

ers on environmental issues, based

on the Joint Technical Coordination

Group’s text.

[email protected]

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24. Introduce a requirement to estab-

lish an external communication

strategy, including communication

objectives, identification of relevant

interested parties, and a description

of what and when to communicate.

25. Provide guidance to external inter-

ested parties in the Annex on infor-

mation related to the environmental

aspects of products and services.

Where are we in the revision process?

Recent meetings have resolved com-

ments and questions submitted during the

revision process and

have included them in

the ISO 14001 Draft

International Standard.

Major changes to the

document include a

more proactive com-

mitment to protect

the environment from

harm and degradation, as well as re-

quirements to illustrate visible involve-

ment, support and commitment from top

management. The first publicly available

version of the proposed changes to ISO

14001 has been on sale since July 2014.

Anyone with expertise or experience to

offer can comment on the revision.

Next stepsThe committee has been meeting

over the course of 2014 to develop the

new standard and gain consensus from

all countries involved.

Following due process, any changes

deemed necessary by the international

technical committee will be released

as a Final Draft International Standard

(FDIS). This represents the final con-

tents of the proposed standard, and usu-

ally only minor changes are made after

this stage.

Current ISO forecasts indicate that

the ISO FDIS 14001 will be released in

March/April 2015 and the final standard

in the fall of 2015.

ISO 14001:2004 is still valid and

companies will still benefit from im-

plementing and certifying against it.

Certification to ISO 14001:2004 will be

allowed for a period of time following

the publication of the new version of the

standard.

Anne Marie Pizzitelli is with BSI Group. Katie Bird is with the ISO. Email:

[email protected], [email protected]

Certification

The first publicly available version of the

proposed changes to ISO 14001 has been

on sale since July 2014. Anyone with

expertise or experience to offer can

comment on the revision.


Water Reuse

Many people are surprised

to learn that toilets are

the single greatest users

of water within a home,

typically accounting for 30% of total

consumption. It really does not make

sense to flush toilets with clean drinking

water.

This is significant for many reasons.

Water rates are increasing throughout

North America an average of 9-10% an-

nually. Many municipalities face water

infrastructure pressures relating to the

supply and treatment of water, including

rising energy costs. In addition, residen-

tial and commercial development is ever

increasing in water stressed areas.

For these reasons, the need for water

reuse solutions has never been greater. A

greywater recycling system can recover

and treat shower and bath water so that

it can be reused for flushing toilets. This

can reduce per household fresh water

consumption by 30%.

For residential builders, the first step

is to “greywater ready” the homes, which

is a fairly simple process. It is important

that the system be installed before the

drywall goes up so that the pipes can be

routed properly (Figure 1).

Isolate shower/bath drainsUsable greywater needs to be iso-

lated in the system. Kitchen greywater

must be avoided completely. Laundry

greywater can be used, but only if it is

treated by a filtration system before it

enters the recycling system. Shower and

bath drains must be isolated and tied to-

gether with 2” ABS piping in the main

floor ceiling. This pipe runs to the me-

chanical room where the recycling sys-

tem is located. This isolates the greywa-

ter for recycling to the toilets.

Install toilet supply linesAfter the greywater is processed in

the recycling unit, it must run to the

toilets. As the water is non-potable, all

lines must be purple PEX or labeled

with marking tape that reads “non-pota-

ble water – do not drink.” One ½” to ¾”

pipe is plumbed from the unit, as a riser,

before branching off to the toilets.

Install overflow and vent lines An overflow line must be installed

into the sanitary pipe system. The over-

flow also has a bypass to the sanitary

drain, in case the system is overload-

ed. This will prevent excess greywater

from backing up to showers/baths. The

system also needs a vent pipe that con-

nects to the same drainage line. The sys-

tem needs to be vented like any other

plumbing fixture. It can be tied to the

most convenient fresh air vent in the

mechanical room (Figure 2).

Additional considerationsIf a manual bypass is chosen, a back-

flow preventer will be required. It is a fair-

ly simple process, but the system must be

installed before the drywall goes up.

The process of “greywater readying”

is not only straightforward, it is inexpen-

sive. Greyter Water Systems has worked

with many production builders across

North America, and the cost to “greywa-

ter ready” a home is generally between

$400 and $600. It takes no more than a

few hours of work and, once the plumb-

ing is done, the opportunity for signifi-

cant water savings exists for years.

It is a great way for homeowners to

save and there is an immediate payback

for developers building in regions where

various water conservation pressures

exist. For example, by installing the in-

frastructure for recycled water systems

within new commercial and residential

buildings, municipalities will often pro-

vide incentives for developers such as

expedited permits.

Mark Sales is with Greyter Water Systems. Email: [email protected]

Household greywater recycling system can cut water consumption by 30% By Mark Sales

Figure 1: Diagram of a home greywater recycling installation.

Figure 2: The system can be tied into

existing fresh air vent lines.


Company Profile

The relationship between a

wastewater treatment plant

and the community it serves is

a delicate one. A positive cli-

mate, where public complaints are few,

benefits are obvious and costs can be

contained, is ideal. A negatively charged

climate can make navigating municipal

red tape all the more challenging. Fu-

ture improvements can run into approv-

al snags if negativity sways the thinking

of municipal government and public

works boards that approve them.

With this in mind, it is obvious that

shepherding this relationship is critical.

The right technologies can help wastewa-

ter treatment plants (WWTPs) to position

themselves in key areas visible to politi-

cians, board members and residents.

There are three ways that WWTPs

impact the

• Cost of providing services.

• Expelling odiferous gases.

• Producing end products.

Cost of providing servicesCost reduction factors generated by

technology use in the WWTP, range

from labour costs to component rebuilds.

Cardston WWTP in Alberta, and

Oostburg WWTP in Wisconsin are ex-

periencing this in their budgets’ bottom

line. Cardston has seen a reduction in

man hours necessary for maintenance

and management. Huber’s screw press

helps the team to eliminate operational

maintenance during and after shift hours

and manual labour costs in handling

cleaner, lighter, dryer, safer sludge.

Because of the Huber fine screens

that Oostburg uses, the WWTP has re-

duced the workload on downstream

components so much, that rebuilds to

these components are required far less

often. Since each rebuild can cost sev-

eral thousand dollars, this benefit has

become a significant budget bonus.

Disposal and haul-off costs are easy

to see and track at the Isle LaPlume

WWTP in LaCrosse, Wisconsin. In

grit disposal alone, the plant reduced

its costs by 79% by using Huber’s grit

washer. Cleaner, dryer, safer grit is dis-

posed of more easily and cheaply. These

savings help the plant to keep public use

rates from rising.

Huber’s belt dryer in the WWTP in

Mooresville, North Carolina, has re-

duced sludge handling costs, including

tipping and hazard fees at the landfill.

Producing an end product that is only

3% water was such a drastic reduction

from their previous end product, that the

plant’s yearly cost of sludge handling

was reduced by $200,000.

In North Las Vegas, Huber’s fine

screens are the final barrier between dam-

aging contaminants and the delicate mem-

brane strands in the plant’s membrane

bioreactor. The impact of damage here

could reach up to a million dollars or more

for catastrophic repair and replacement.

Expelling odiferous gasesOdour is a huge problem when it

comes to the perception of residents

who live in smelling distance of the

WWTP or just drive close enough to

smell it once in a while. While a com-

pletely odour-free WWTP is near im-

possible, the offensive gases that waft

from the plant site can be reduced. A

step in the right direction here can go

a long way with the residents who may

have previously complained.

The Cardston WWTP in Alberta saw

its impact on the community improve af-

ter putting Huber’s screw press in place.

The close-knit community in the plant’s

service area had some issues with odours

and had always endured them because

the free fertilizer provided to farmers

was a tremendous help in preparing their

barley fields. This wasn’t a trade-off that

the plant wanted to sustain. In fact, one

of the central goals was to improve the

plant’s relationship with the community.

One of the ways this could be done, was

by reducing the offensive odours the plant

produced. The odour wasn’t just evident

at the plant. It traveled to the farms where

the fertilizer was being used.

Before implementing the screw press,

supernatant was loaded with biosolids re-

turning to the plant. This overloaded the

rotating biological contactors and caused

odour. Because of the screw press’ de-

Technology helps to improve community-WWTP relationships By T.R. Gregg

Cardston, Alberta, WWTP screw press.

Grit washer in Isle La Plume WWTP.


Company Profile

watering efficiency, supernatant recycled

back to the wastewater plant for treat-

ment is clear and free from odour.

For the Isle La Plume WWTP in

LaCrosse, odours were a major prob-

lem and organics were the source. By

using Huber’s grit washer technology,

the cleansing process became easy. It is

incorporated into the processing of the

flow so that everything remains stream-

lined and efficient.

End product improvementsThe financial impact of unsafe, dirty

and heavy end products is significant.

Isle la Plume WWTP’s end prod-

uct grit is described now as “sandbox

grade.” Washing produces cleaner grit

because the odiferous organics are

gone. This makes it safe to send to the

landfill and has a tremendous impact on

plant compliance and public perception.

Since putting Huber’s belt dryer in

place, the Mooresville plant has elimi-

nated any issues or surcharges with dis-

posing of their sludge. The Class A end

product is quite desirable for use and the

plant is putting plans in place to begin to

package and market it. That will offset

even more of its operating costs.

Hill Canyon WWTP in California,

has boosted its green efforts through us-

ing Huber’s screening technology. Con-

taminants are cleared out at the head-

works. This has had a tremendous effect

on the entire process, from improved

aesthetics, reduced wear and tear on

downstream processes and cleaner bio-

solids for recycling.

North Las Vegas was already produc-

ing an impressively “clean” permeate.

But the Huber fine screens have upped

the ante. Public challenges prove that

the permeate is an order of magnitude

cleaner that what most cities have for

drinking water. The permeate is often

selected over bottled water.

SummaryWastewater treatment plant operat-

ing costs, odiferous gases and end prod-

ucts, could be described as the three legs

that hold up the stool on which the com-

munity relationship sits. Investment in a

single technology can impact all three

“legs” positively.

T.R. Gregg is with Huber Technology. For more information, visit: www.huber-technology.com

Mooresville WWTP dryer unit. North Las Vegas WWTP.


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Infiltration

Kingston, sometimes called the “Limestone City,” is

one of Ontario’s oldest cities. The local sewer infra-

structure has kept up with the times but according to

Joe M. Lewis, manager of water and wastewater op-

erations, the City faces the same inflow and infiltration (I&I) chal-

lenges as any municipality. One such problem is ponding water.

“We have an area right at the foot of Beverley Street where

storms will cause ponding of several inches on top of three main-

tenance holes,” said Lewis. “‘Lake Beverley’ can be in place for

several hours, so we knew we had to do something.” Also, near

creek crossings, maintenance holes can be submerged for weeks,

and sometimes beaver activity will result in covered lids.

While pick holes found in most maintenance lids may seem

insignificant, standing water over these holes is a problem. They

are a major source of unwanted inflow and can seriously im-

pact treatment capacity. Studies in Moncton, New Brunswick,

showed that just two 25 mm² holes in a lid covered by 50 mm of

water, will let in about 500 ml of water per second. If standing

water is as deep as 150 mm, which is often the case for “Lake

Beverley,” the rate of inflow doubles and allows 3.6 m³ of water

to flow into the sewer every hour.

Treatment capacity is closely monitored in Kingston. The City

recently installed 14 watertight frame and cover systems on Bev-

erley Street and elsewhere. The Lifespan System®, made by Ham-

ilton Kent, consists of a watertight frame and lid that is easy to

install and eliminates inflow through the top of maintenance holes.

Lewis said the frames and lids might become the new stan-

dard in Kingston. Replacing utility frames and manholes is “low

hanging fruit” compared to more costly sewer line rehabilitation

projects, according to Lewis.

Given the costs of wastewater treatment, addressing unneces-

sary inflow is nearly always a good investment. Only a small per-

centage of utility lids and frames need to be addressed. “As a rule

of thumb, only 10% of the sanitary covers in a system are regular-

ly under standing water,” Hamilton Kent’s Dan Léger points out.

“These are responsible for 80-90% of all the inflow that comes in

through the top of maintenance holes. Replacing these will make a

huge difference in reducing inflow and infiltration.”

Light and watertightLifespan System components are made of a rigid high-per-

formance rubber that is long-lasting and lightweight. The rubber

frame weighs just 25 kg compared to 90 kg for its cast iron coun-

terpart. This lightness and ease of installation, makes it possible

to rehabilitate maintenance holes quickly.

Hybrid Construction Group, Kingston’s contractor for the re-

habilitation work, was able to replace 10 of the original cast iron

frames and covers in just three days. The replacement process

consists of excavation, removal of old concrete leveling rings

and brick and cast iron frame components, and replacement

with Lifespan components. These are first dry-stacked for fit and

slope adjustment, then marked and drilled before being secured

with stainless steel bolts and sealed with butyl sealant. The result

is a permanently watertight cover from the concrete chimney up.

Kingston installs watertight maintenance holes, reduces I&I By Angus W. Stocking

Crews placing the Lifespan frame in Kingston, Ontario.


Infiltration

I&I reduction is Kingston’s primary reason for installing the

new Lifespan Systems, but Lewis said: “We’ll install more of

these, even in situations with no standing water.” His reasons

include:

• Ergonomics. “Lugging around heavy lids and grade rings is

dangerous. Anything we can do to reduce injuries is worth it

for us.”

• Adaptability. “Lifespan’s tapered grade rings make it

easy to exactly match road surfaces, which is a good thing

given the amount of snowplowing we do. The components

also do well in freeze/thaw regions because they don’t

crack, and don’t allow water into joints.”

• Toughness. “Watertight composite lids are strong and bolt-

ed down. This has two advantages. First, Kingston has a few

lids that routinely pop off in heavy storms, and bolted lids

will stay put, keeping the public safe. Second, bolted down

composite lids should discourage the thieves who some-

times steal iron lids for the few dollars they bring at the re-

cycling yard.”

Angus W. Stocking, L.S., is a licensed land surveyor. For more information, Email: [email protected]

Ponding water forms “Lake Beverley,” which is several

inches deep.

Butyl sealant is applied to form a waterproof cover from

the concrete chimney up.

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BACHELOR’S


Something often mentioned by

our municipal clients is how

they have huge capital plans

to deliver but are challenged to

do so. Consultants face the same issues,

impediments and challenges. There are

three groups that must engage and co-

alesce into a single entity in order to

meet delivery expectations: the client,

the consultant and the contractor.

There are parallels in each of our op-

erations that contribute to project deliv-

ery delays. Answering a few questions

should clarify the situation and identify

a way forward: What’s the problem?

Whose problem is it? How can we re-

solve it to speed up project delivery?

What’s the problem?Industry feedback suggests several

reasons for failing to meet project de-

livery expectations. These include: too

few staff; organizational silos; shortage

of experienced engineers and manag-

ers; having unrealistic timelines and

project scopes imposed; setting unre-

alistic timelines for delivery; and lack

of (and application of) rigorous project

controls to ensure success.

Consultants have often achieved lim-

ited success in addressing and resolving

these issues. Looking to other sectors

for parallels to our own situations can

sometimes uncover things we may over-

look, or identify and quantify factors

that can help the consulting and munic-

ipal capital delivery process.

An interesting take on overall proj-

ect delivery is described by Mankins

and Steele in the Spring 2013 Harvard

Business Review OnPoint journal arti-

cle, entitled “Turning Great Strategy into Great Performance.”

They looked at the average perfor-

mance loss in a group of financial com-

panies. Research showed that, on average,

most companies’ strategies delivered only

63% of their expected financial value.

It begged the question of whether they

needed better execution, or better strategy.

The 37% performance loss was attributed

to a group of factors that included:

• 7.5% Inadequate or unavailable re-

sources.

• 5.2% Poorly communicated strategy.

• 4.5% Actions required to execute not

clearly defined.

• 4.1% Unclear accountabilities for exe-

cution.

• 3.7% Organizational silos and culture

blocking execution.

• 3.0% Inadequate performance moni-

toring.

• 3.0% Inadequate consequences of

rewards for failure or success.

• 2.6% Poor senior leadership.

• 1.9% Uncommitted leadership.

• 0.7% Unapproved strategy.

• 0.7% Other obstacles (including

inadequate skills and capabilities).

Each of the above factors contrib-

utes a small percentage to overall per-

formance loss, but, collectively, they

impede the ability of an organization

to effectively deliver projects. Not sur-

prisingly, they are often cited in our

business as reasons behind the ability

to effectively deliver, or not deliver, on

capital programs.

Whose problem is it?The same weaknesses can permeate

public and private sector entities as well,

with the same impacts on programs and

delivery. Being able to achieve a firm

or owner’s business strategies requires a

re-think around how we plan and deliver

work. Key elements related to creating

less complex plans, setting expectations

during planning, forecasting resource re-

quirements in advance, clearly identify-

ing priorities, monitoring performance,

and motivation and development of staff

were all raised by Mankins and Steele,

and are echoed in other sectors.

How can we accelerate municipal project delivery? By Bill De Angelis

Each year, ES&E invites experts and leaders in

environmental consulting to share their opinions, experiences

and values with our readers. We continue to be honoured

every year with erudite responses from some of our leading

consulting engineers. Their opinions are based on many

years of collective experience in maintaining high standards,

while keeping up with the diversity and complexities of

environmental engineering and managerial leadership.

Impediments to project delivery in

the public sector can include: politics,

internal team, approvals processes,

external pressures, contract language,

shifting of risk and procurement. These

can influence a project’s timing, as well

as direction. Political needs sometimes

determine how internal resources (bud-

gets) are allocated, often to the detri-

ment of a particular project.

Beyond the capital program itself,

the needs of various departments, all

vying for a large piece of the same capi-

tal “pie,” can result in delay, deferral or

cancellation of planned projects. Much

of this is outside of the purview of the

project managers and engineering divi-

sions in our clients’ organizations.

Approvals are an area where we see

delays. The approvals environment is

both loosening and tightening for proj-

ect proponents. The Modernization of

Approvals group in the Ontario Ministry

of the Environment (MOE) has moved

towards self-approval of projects, under

the Environmental Compliance Approv-

als (ECA) banner. Similarly, the Munic-

ipal Class Environmental Assessment

Study (MCEA) process is essentially

proponent-driven, with the proponent

(owner) scoping and driving the process.

Beyond MOE and MCEA require-

ments, the sheer number of approvals

from a variety of agencies, public in-

terest groups, municipal departments,

conservation agencies and various min-

istries is increasing. Timelines related to

overall delivery are being both eroded

and extended.

The environmentally conscious and

sensitive public that we work with now

are more questioning than ever. They

want to know what we are doing, why

we are doing it, and what negative (or

positive) environmental consequences

might result from our work. This faction

can and does lobby politicians, either

directly or through the Municipal Class

EA Part ll Order process.

Councils themselves tend to be risk

intolerant. They want certainty around

scope/schedule/budget before approving

projects.

The nature and structure of contracts

and agreements can extend project de-

velopment and delivery. Where they

were once mainly technical in nature,

there is now, by necessity, major input

from legal, financial and purchasing de-

partments. They focus on non-technical

elements of execution, i.e., insurance,

indemnification and allocation of risk.

How can we speed up delivery?There are several keys to successful

delivery that are neither complex nor

mythical. Rather, they are founded on

business principles, inclusion, common

sense and clear goals. They require us

as an industry to work closely with our

clients. For each project or program, we

need: achievable plans, partnering, col-




laboration, communication and progress

tracking.

Most successful projects are realistic

in scope, cost and schedule. Of course,

ongoing rigorous tracking and docu-

mentation of progress must be done.

Otherwise, there will be no baseline

from which to gauge project and indi-

vidual performance versus expectations.

Contract delivery mechanisms can be

adjusted to improve delivery timelines.

Traditional design/bid/build contracts

are used by many municipalities. We

are, however, beginning to see con-

tract approaches that are partly aimed

at hastening delivery. Examples would

include design/build, public-private

partnerships, bundling, and the applica-

tion of pre-approved consultant roster

approaches. What may hasten adoption

of alternate project delivery approaches

is the availability of funding from Infra-

structure Ontario, P3 Canada, and other

provincial and federal agencies.

Service level agreements are being

seen as a means of improving project

delivery. They set out the conditions and

obligations that each party to an agree-

ment (client, engineer, contractor) must

adhere to, and in essence agree to, prior

to project commencement. These agree-

ments establish key performance indi-

cators and metrics against which each

participant is measured. The challenge

is to set realistic metrics.

In the public sector, many internal

entities have a role to fulfill, including:

operations, engineering, planning, pur-

chasing, legal, asset management, risk

management, committee and council.

Particular attention needs to be paid by

technical staff to proactively communi-

cating project concepts, challenges and

mitigation elements to procurement,

legal and risk management groups that

are not normally versed in technical

concepts around design and execution.

Prior notification of pending projects

has been successful in expediting in-

ternal approvals. Setting up an internal

project review panel with representation

from all groups, meeting regularly to

discuss upcoming projects and possible

issues, is one means of improving proj-

ect delivery.

External delays can occur in procure-

ment. The current construction environ-

ment in Ontario is seeing a shortfall in

highly qualified contractors to meet the

capital works demands of municipal-

ities. In recognition of this, municipal

project managers are discussing with

their counterparts the timing of the re-

lease of large capital projects, to try to

ensure strong contractor response.

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Service level agreements are being seen as a means of improving project delivery.

Prior notification of pending projects has been

successful in expediting internal approvals.


Improving consultant and contrac-

tor selection processes is another way

clients can reduce overall project time-

lines. Prequalification of consultants

and contractors is one means of ensur-

ing a selection of strong teams. Rigorous

evaluations following project comple-

tion will raise the quality of the consul-

tant and contractor pool for future client

assignments.

To help expedite the overall require-

ment to improve on project delivery

timelines and efficiency, Consulting

Engineers of Ontario (CEO) have begun

to engage their members in discussions

on this topic. They have also reached

out to the larger project delivery com-

munity for discussion and input. They

are currently working with Metrolinx

and Infrastructure Ontario to formulate

contract documents that will expedite

project delivery of new infrastructure.

As well, they have initiated discus-

sions with RPWCO (Regional Public

Works Commissioners of Ontario).

CEO are looking to improve procure-

ment processes through a review of:

request for proposal (RFP) structures;

evaluation criteria; alternative procure-

ment models; contract terms and condi-

tions; and consultant performance and

evaluation:

a) RFP Structure Elements• Development of draft RFPs and circu-

lation to key consultants for comments

and suggestions.

• Further development of objective, mea-

surable criteria for proposal evaluation.

• Consultant selection on the basis of a

technical RFP submission, followed by

negotiation of fees within an approved

funding envelope. Also, working in

collaboration to adjust scope, timelines

and payment terms to meet project re-

quirements.

b) Contract Terms and Conditions• Ensuring a balanced risk allocation be-

tween consultants and proponents.

• Reviewing indemnification clauses.

• Insurance types and limits.

• Review of holdback provisions in the

context of the Construction Lien Act.

Ultimately, the entire project deliv-

ery community of client, engineer and

contractor share the same goals. We all

want to deliver high quality engineering

projects at fair prices, in a timely fash-

ion. It is going to be a busy time in the

Ontario market as we accelerate efforts

to replace, upgrade and build new verti-

cal and horizontal infrastructure.

Accelerating project delivery re-

quires the same level of commitment

from all parties, to clarity in scoping,

strong project management and con-

trols, development of internal efficien-

cies, collaboration and partnership, and,

above all, clear communication, strategy

and leadership.

Bill De Angelis, P.Eng., MBA, is Vice President, Associated Engineering.


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Climate change impacts are

being observed in every

region of Canada, with

increased frequency and

intensity of hurricane events in the At-

lantic region, ice storms in Ontario and

Québec, more tornadoes in the Prai-

ries, severe flooding events in Toronto

and southern Alberta, shorter ice road

seasons in the North, and increased in-

tensity and frequency of “Pineapple Ex-

press” extreme precipitation events on

the Pacific coast.

Canadian engineers designing critical

infrastructure are faced with a growing

challenge. We must design, build and

operate infrastructure systems that are

resilient to the environments where they

are intended to operate, while satisfying

our obligation as engineers to protect the

public’s health and safety.

The public often takes for granted that

our systems will function as designed for

the operating environments they were in-

tended for. Meanwhile, changing climate

conditions in Canada are challenging these

systems on an ongoing and growing basis.

These systems can fail, with the potential

for economic disruption and loss of life.

The engineering profession must

identify ways to address our evolving

understanding of the hazards presented

by a shifting climate. We must also pro-

vide tools to professional engineering

practitioners to ensure safe and reliable

infrastructure system designs.

Issues with existing codes and standards

Most of the infrastructure that exists

today was designed using values derived

from historical climate data. This prac-

tice is based upon the premise that the

average and extreme conditions of past

decades will also hold throughout the

decades to come.

As long as our climate remains stable,

defining the “envelope” for a design’s

operating environment using historical

climate data, is an approach that has

worked reasonably well. Given a sta-

ble, consistent climate, we could design

for known conditions over an expected

service life. We could be confident that

our design would be resilient enough to

function properly in that intended oper-

ating environment. Engineers have ap-

plied this approach because it allowed

consideration of climate design values

for flooding, rainfall, temperature and

others, over different return periods and

historical extremes for a given location.

But, how valid can this approach be

when our climate begins to shift and

move away from these historical ranges?

Could we be leaving unattended risk “on

the table” within the gap between his-

torical and future climate conditions?

If the vast majority of our engineering

codes and standards do not yet include

consideration of a shifting climate that

no longer adheres to historical patterns,

then who must manage the risks induced

by this wider range of conditions?

The answer is professional engineers.

Engineers Canada, the national organiza-

tion representing regulatory associations

that license the engineering profession

across Canada, recognize that effects of a

changing climate will require infrastruc-

Consultants must respond to climate change impacts on infrastructure design By Roger Rempel and Joel Nodelman

Climate resilient systems training.


ture designs to be revisited to improve

safety and protection for Canadians.

Engineers Canada worked with Nat-

ural Resources Canada to develop part-

nerships with municipal and provincial

government owners of public infrastruc-

ture. The Public Infrastructure Engineer-

ing Vulnerability Committee (PIEVC)

and a best practices framework for de-

tailed assessment of climate vulnerabil-

ity of public infrastructure, known as the

PIEVC Protocol, were both established.

The PIEVC Protocol has been applied

to over 25 public infrastructure projects

across Canada and has been adapted for

use in international applications by other

governments. Results from these studies

have been categorized by type of infra-

structure in a database of climate-related

infrastructure vulnerabilities, maintained

by Engineers Canada. This database will

be used for the review and adjustment

processes for infrastructure codes, stan-

dards and related instruments.

Given that reviewing and revising

these codes is a time-consuming pro-

cess, can the engineering profession wait

until code revisions are completed before

tackling the problem of climate change

impacts on engineering design?

The legal profession is starting to

weigh in on this question:

“…given knowledge of climate change effects in a geographic area as a

result of the proliferation of climate-re-lated information and projection mod-els, if the “standard practice” at the time of designing a specific type of infra-structure project is to ignore potential

climate-change effects (despite widely available evidence), the standard prac-tice itself may be negligent. Adhering to a deficient standard would be a breach of a design professional’s standard of care to an injured person.” Patricia

Koval, Climate Change Risk: Is Liabil-ity Lurking For Professional Engineers?Engineering Dimensions, PEO 2013.

From the perspective of Engineers

Canada and the legal community, we

cannot wait to act. We have a significant

understanding now of both the probable

effects of climate change and its im-

pacts on various infrastructure sectors.

We know many Canadian regions will

likely face increased intensity and fre-

quencies in precipitation, in addition to

other extreme events. We also know that

permafrost degradation will accelerate

in the north.

It follows that, if infrastructure is not

adapted to be resilient in the face of new

conditions imposed by climate change,


It follows that, if

infrastructure is not adapted

to be resilient in the face of

new conditions imposed by climate change, then

property damage and

threats to public safety

are likely to occur.


then property damage and threats to pub-

lic safety are likely to occur. Engineers

Canada’s position is that their profes-

sional code of ethics requires engineers

to be involved in addressing the impacts

of changing climate on infrastructure

design and operations because it affects

public safety and the public interest.

Engineers, directors and asset man-

agers also face the reality of increasing

legal actions for alleged actions or omis-

sions, with all of these cases related to

climate change in some measure.

Integrating climate change vulnerability assessment

As applied scientists, engineers al-

ready know how to design in situations

where there is uncertainty. Engineering

builds upon assumptions, which are

themselves vulnerable to uncertainties.

Further, the modelling and assessment

of uncertainty is unavoidable in any

decision made during the planning and

design of an engineering system.

The projected future operating en-

vironment conditions resulting from

climate change also bring uncertainties.

Some projected changes are reported

with high certainty; for other parameters,

the projections are less confident. This

need not hold you back from assessing

your designs for climate vulnerabilities

that could result in damage, disruption

and community impacts.

Just as a process engineer conducts a

hazards and operability analysis (HAZOP)

on an industrial process design, infra-

structure designers should include a cli-

mate vulnerability assessment in their

design process. This should focus spe-

cifically on the impacts of projected cli-

mate change and future severe weather

events.

A number of frameworks and tools

have been established for this purpose,

with some tailored to assess requirements

for specific infrastructure categories such

as transportation networks, water re-

sources and others. One such tool is the

PIEVC Protocol (www.PIEVC.ca).

These climate vulnerability assess-

ments are important. First, they identify

the nature and severity of climate risks

to infrastructure components. With this

knowledge, the engineer can identify

areas that are the most vulnerable to cli-

mate. The range of vulnerabilities can

then be prioritized based upon perfor-

mance criteria that are critical for the

infrastructure and the community that

it serves. Prioritization allows for a

systematic and targeted risk-reduction

approach. This provides infrastructure

asset owners with the understanding

they need to make adaptations to im-

prove climate resiliency for their assets.

Climate vulnerability assessment,

when applied using an established frame-

work such as PIEVC, provides a struc-

tured, documented approach. This not

only informs adjustments in design, op-

erations and maintenance, but provides

the structured evidence of due diligence

that climate impacts were considered and

assessed in the design process.

A current lack of engineering codes

and standards incorporating climate

change will likely not excuse the en-

gineer from liabilities from reasonably

foreseeable impacts of climate change

on infrastructure designs. In conduct-

ing a climate vulnerability assessment

on their designs, professional engineers

not only protect the public interest and

the public’s safety, they can also limit

their exposure to legal liabilities related

to the effects of climate change on in-

frastructure.

ConclusionThe engineering profession has

thrived because of its ability to respond

with solutions for evolving issues. As

leaders in innovation, engineers natu-

rally serve as agents of technical ad-

vancement and change. Climate change

is simply another in a long line of chal-

lenges that continue to test the profes-

sion. We have been successful in the

past because of our technical training,

combined with our reputation for inno-

vation and logical problem solving. Cli-

mate change is not an issue to be feared

and avoided; it is a challenge to meet

head-on in the finest traditions of our

profession.

Roger Rempel, FEC, P.Eng., is with Stantec Consulting Inc. Joel

Nodelman, P.Eng., is with Nodelcorp Consulting Inc. They are faculty instructors for Climate Resilient

Systems Training. Email: [email protected],

[email protected]


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Climate change is not

an issue to be feared and

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to meet head-on in the

finest traditions of

our profession.


Those of us in the consulting

workplace of the early 1990s,

before widespread access to

the Internet and email, will

have a sense of how fundamentally our

industry will be affected by the coming

biological revolution. Over the next de-

cade the environmental consulting in-

dustry will be transformed by advances

in the biological sciences. These will

be driven by the torrent of inexpensive

genomic information and applications

that will become available as a result of

plummeting sequencing costs and ad-

vanced information technologies.

Genomic tools will deepen our under-

standing of the effects of toxics, biodiver-

sity, ecological trends, and will cut the

costs of environmental monitoring. Just

as Internet access today is an essential

element of environmental consulting, in

a decade or so it will be nearly unimag-

inable to undertake environmental analy-

sis without reference to genome sciences.

If the 20th century was that of the com-

puter, the 21st century will be that of bi-

ology.

Genomics is the study of the com-

plete genome of an organism, (i.e., in-

formation encoded in the DNA), as well

as proteomics (the study of the proteins

encoded by a genome), metabolomics

(the study of the metabolite pool), bio-

informatics (information technology to

support genomic analyses) and related

areas of research (collectively known as

genome sciences). These technologies

are used to understand the genetic blue-

print of an organism and how it interacts

with the environment.

Advances in DNA technologyMutually reinforcing advances in

informatics and sequencing methods

have resulted in paradigm shifting

changes in the accessibility of genomic

technologies to researchers. Every two

minutes, the Wellcome Trust Sanger

Institute sequences as many base pairs

as all researchers worldwide completed

from 1982 to 1987. Sequencing the first

human genome cost approximately $300

million to complete by 2000. In 2007,

James Watson’s genome was sequenced

for approximately $1 million. Now, in

2014, estimates are closer to $5,000, and

the “$1000 genome” is in sight.

Figure 1, produced by the National

Human Genome Research Institute,

illustrates the dramatic reduction in

the costs associated with sequencing a

human sized genome. The white line

represents Moore’s law, the doubling

of computer instructions per second per

dollar every 18 months. The blue line in-

dicates the cost of sequencing a human

sized genome over time.

The majority of effort in the genomic

sciences is directed toward health-re-

lated research. However, these advances

have led to increased applications in

other sectors, including environmental

management and risk assessment.

Environmental genomics is the appli-

cation of genomics-based approaches to

address environmental issues and prob-

lems, such as:

• Advancing aquatic, terrestrial, and

wildlife toxicology (toxicogenom-

ics), which is enhancing environmen-

tal risk assessment, risk management,

hazard identification, and environ-

mental effects monitoring.

• Supporting wildlife management

through the use of genetic data in

the research, decision-making, and

enforcement (wildlife conservation

genetics, wildlife disease diagnostics,

wildlife forensics).

• Developing biotechnology solutions

to potentially realize environmental

goals, including the use of biofuels,

bioremediation of contaminated sites,

and carbon sequestration.

The application of genome sciences to

environmental toxicology is particularly

promising for those chemicals or com-

plex mixtures that are persistently dis-

charged into both terrestrial and aquatic

environments at low concentrations. Re-

cent technological advances now make

it possible to develop molecular profiles

The evolution of environmental consulting By Brian Yates

Figure 1. Dramatic drops in genome sequencing costs.


to identify the effects of chemical sub-

stances on living organisms, or in the

environment. Subsequently, knowledge

gained on gene identification, structure

and expression can be applied to envi-

ronmental protection and management.

ToxicogenomicsToxicogenomics identifies the ac-

tivity of a particular toxin or chemical

substance on living tissue, based on a

profile of the known effects of the sub-

stance on genetic material. Many of the

standard toxicological approaches to

assessing potential deleteriousness of

chemicals on aquatic organisms, rely on

whole-animal responses (e.g., mortality,

reproduction, growth), and associated

endpoints (e.g., lethal concentrations).

While these methods have worked

well for identifying chemicals of con-

cern, they are insufficient for elucidating

the pathways of chemical toxicity and

a broad spectrum of sub-lethal effects.

The time required to undertake new test-

ing will be prohibitive, without innova-

tions in testing methods. Genomic tools

offer a high throughput and lower cost

opportunity to address the information

needs of regulators and risk assessors.

International efforts to sequence the

genomes of a range of key species will

enable cross species comparisons of the

impact of chemicals and other environ-

mental stressors. The Daphnia Genom-

ics Consortium and the International

Collaboration to Sequence the Atlantic

Salmon Genome (ICSASG) are exam-

ples of such efforts.

Toxicogenomics offers the ability

to increase the sensitivity of analytical

tools and determine effects at the level

of gene and protein expression. It has

great potential for application to risk as-

sessment and toxicology. Potential toxi-

cogenomics applications include:

• Determining the effect of environ-

mental stressors on organisms and

ecosystems, and predicting the effect

of environmental changes.

• Monitoring the environment, emerg-

ing chemicals of concern and indus-

trial effluents to ensure compliance

with regulatory requirements (e.g.,

toxins are within thresholds). Also,

identifying potential new environ-

mental stressors through integration

with environmental effects monitor-

ing programs.

Genomics based monitoring can aug-

ment existing whole animal tests with

information related to sub lethal effects

that might impact on an organism’s abil-

ity to survive in the long term (e.g. its

ability to eat, escape predators or fight

infection. These include:

• Evaluating synergistic and cumula-

tive effects of pollutants on organ-

isms and within the environment.

• Moving from time-consuming whole


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If the 20th century

was that of the computer,

the 21st century will be

that of biology.

animal to in-vitro testing to evaluate

changes in biologic processes.

• Investigating how emergent chem-

icals and materials (e.g., nanotech-

nology byproducts) may influence

animals, plants and the environment.

Nanotechnology, for example, en-

compasses many techniques used to

manipulate materials at the scale of

atoms and molecules. Substances at

this scale are more reactive and nox-

ious than at the micro- or macro-scale.

Environmental microbiologyEnvironmental microbiology can sup-

port major advances in evaluating and

applying individual micro-organisms and

complex microbial communities to exist-

ing environmental issues. This includes:

• Improving the remediation and res-

toration of contaminated land and

ocean sites (e.g., discarded munitions

on the ocean floor).

• Developing “green chemistry” (in-

volving metabolic modeling and de-

velopment of microbial expression

systems) for industrial processes, to

reduce and eliminate harmful emis-

sions and byproducts from conven-

tional chemical processing.

• Developing microbial processes that

can convert industrial waste, such as

that from forestry, pulp and paper or

food processing, fisheries and agri-

culture, into biofuels.

BiodiversityGenome sciences could be applied to

various aspects of ecosystem monitor-

ing, conservation and biodiversity man-

agement, including:

• Genomic mapping of wild popula-

tions of land and water-based ani-

mals, resulting in the production of

DNA chips.

• Use in wildlife forensics to support con-

servation enforcement, including appli-

cations to trade in endangered species.

• Incorporating genomics data into in-

dicators of ecosystem health.

• Measuring at the genomic level the

stress in a population resulting from

exposure to contaminants or other en-

vironmental stresses such as climate

change.

• Identifying biomarkers associated

with resistance and adaptation to en-

vironmental stressors such as climate

change.

• Supporting ecosystem restoration.

Bio-prospectingGenome sciences can potentially be

applied to bio-prospecting, including

the use of environmental microbiology

to develop genomic approaches for dis-

covery of novel enzymes and bioactive

microbial products found in all envi-

ronments. This includes such extremes

as ocean hot vents and deep in-glacier

ice. It can also provide tools to identify

active compounds in industrial waste,

such as pulp and paper effluent, or waste

products, or in endemic flora, algae and

fungi.

A path forwardEnvironmental genomics research is

underway in academic institutions, gov-

ernment labs, and private companies. It

has reached a “tipping point” globally

where these advances will allow the fea-

sible integration of genome sciences with

more traditional tools.

What does this mean for the environ-

mental consulting industry? Genomic

sciences will disperse from university

and government research institutions into

real-world applications. We will need to

invest and prepare ourselves to integrate

them into our work, if we want to create

more opportunities for our clients and

ourselves.

Taking steps now to modernize in-

dustry’s approaches to risk assessment,

toxicology and conservation will pay

long-term dividends in efficiency and

cost-effectiveness. It will also yield ben-

efits associated with more robust under-

standing of the underlying molecular

biology of maintaining healthy ecosys-

tems. We should form more partnerships

with academia and government to ensure

genomic tools are optimized for use in the

private sector.

In the coming years, genomics tools

will become as ubiquitous to environ-

mental consultants as information tech-

nology is today, and just as essential to

how we do our work.

Brian Yates is Vice President, Impact Assessment & Community

Engagement, SNC-Lavalin.Email: [email protected]


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Best-selling author Seth Godin

argues that the social con-

tract between employers and

their employees has changed

(Godin, 2010). The new contract re-

wards talent, creativity and art more

than it rewards obedience.

The old social contract was paternal.

The concept of loyalty made sense then

because employers took care of life-

time workers and work was more rou-

tine (Williams R. B., 2011). This social

contract failed when “leaders started

to confuse profits with purpose, taking

the low road to short-term gains at the

expense of employees, customers, and

ultimately, investors.”

What these approaches miss, is that

loyalty is still what drives financial suc-

cess because knowledge and innovation

flourish when there are established net-

works of mutually beneficial relation-

ships within a company.

Today’s social contract is a partner-

ship. R. B. Williams argues in his arti-

cle “Is Loyalty Dead?” that “employees

expect to be treated fairly, to deliver

professionally, and to have meaningful,

challenging work. In return, employees

owe the organization their willingness

to participate in business growth, idea

development, customer service and or-

ganizational transformation.”

This change in the social contract

has had a deep impact on engineering

consulting firms. Who they employ and

what projects they have carried out, de-

termines what new work they can win.

What they earn depends on how many

of their employees’ hours they can sell

and for what price.

The challenge faced by consulting

firms is how to match staffing levels to

the demand for services. If the demand

for services is cyclic, then firms may

match the demand by adjusting staffing

levels up and down. In a cost-sensitive

market, firms may also try to maximize

the hours that staff can be billed for.

They may also pare back the staff that

cannot be charged directly to the client

but provide important administrative

services.

This approach means knowledge

workers now spend up to 41% of their

time on low value tasks (Birkinshaw &

Cohen, September 2013). This leaves

little time for management and inno-

vation and can cause staff to leave the

firm, taking with them their knowledge

and personal networks.

Many firms have reversed this trend

by identifying and rewarding staff that

invest their personal knowledge into

their work. They learned that it is more

cost-effective to maximize the time

these staff spend doing high value tasks

by delegating low value tasks to lower

paid staff. When it is time to reduce staff

because of market conditions, they re-

tain their “linchpins” and cut their com-

modity workers.

This makes employees partners be-

cause they can flourish in profitable,

well run and stable companies. They

know they cannot be complacent be-

cause their satisfaction stems from

doing creative and profitable work. This

means the employee must be as adapt-

able as the employer to changes in the

market if both are to succeed.

The employer cannot afford to retain

staff whose skills do not keep pace with

their salary. With the change in the so-

cial contract to a partnership, it is no lon-

ger solely the employer’s responsibility

to create a career path. The employee

must anticipate what is needed to com-

pete and acquire this knowledge before

it is required.

Personal knowledge management

(PKM) is a collection of processes that

a person uses to gather, classify, store,

search, retrieve and share knowledge

in their daily activities. These are the

processes by which we make sense of

Personal knowledge management is a win/win concept for consulting firms By Pat Coleman


w

The employee must

anticipate what is needed

to compete and acquire

this knowledge before

it is required.


information, observations and ideas

(Glasbeek, 2013). It is a “bottom up” ap-

proach to building knowledge in a com-

pany that developed in an economy where

individual workers need to be responsible

for their own growth and learning.

PKM is in contrast to knowledge

management (KM) which is a “top

down” corporate system. The two sys-

tems need to work in partnership so that

both employee and employer earn a re-

turn when they invest their knowledge

capital.

The risk with the end of single career

and lifetime employment, is that some

individuals will not share their knowl-

edge if they feel their jobs are threat-

ened. Unless an organization rewards

knowledge sharing, their culture will be

poisoned by passive knowledge hoard-

ing, hindering an organization’s ability

to compete.

David Shenk coined the phrase “data

smog,” to refer to the idea that too much

information can create a barrier in our

lives (Association of College and Re-

search Libraries, 2014). This data smog

is produced by the amount of informa-

tion, the speed at which it comes to us

from all directions, the need to make fast

decisions, and the feeling of anxiety that

we are making decisions without having

all the information we need.

Today, a typical person processes

over six times the information they did

20 years ago. Syndromes such as “tech-

nostress” and “attention deficit office be-

haviour,” are common in the workplace.

Many workers describe their experience

as being constantly “fire fighting.” They

live in a permanent state of crisis, with-

out any spare capacity, or margin of

error. The danger is that in this environ-

ment no one has time or the inclination

to acquire or share knowledge.

An equally dangerous outcome of

information overload is decision paral-

ysis. More uncertainty demands more

knowledge, more knowledge increases

complexity, more complexity demands

more abstraction, more abstraction in-

creases uncertainty (Gorman & Pau-

leen, 2011). The default position, unless

altered by market forces, is to “just do

what we did before.” This reduces what

we do to a commodity and market forces

ensure that there will always be some-

one somewhere who can do it cheaper.

To navigate through this smog, we

need to acquire a new set of competen-

cies to filter and vet information. Infor-

mation Literacy Competency Standards

for Higher Education defines informa-

tion literacy as follows:

“Information literacy is a set of abil-

ities requiring individuals to ‘recognize

when information is needed and have

the ability to locate, evaluate and use

effectively the needed information.’

It is also increasingly important in the

contemporary environment of rapid

technological change and proliferating

information resources. Because of the

escalating complexity of this environ-

ment, individuals are faced with diverse,

abundant information choices in their

academic studies, in the workplace and

in their personal lives.

“Information literacy forms the basis

for lifelong learning. It is common to all

disciplines, to all learning environments,

and to all levels of education. It enables

learners to master content and extend

their investigations, become more

self-directed, and assume greater control

over their own learning. An information

literate individual is able to:

• Determine the extent of information

needed.

• Access the needed information effec-

tively and efficiently.

• Evaluate information and its sources

critically.

• Incorporate selected information into

one’s knowledge base.

• Use information effectively to ac-

complish a specific purpose.

• Understand the economic, legal, and

social issues surrounding the use of

information, and access and use in-

formation ethically and legally.” (As-

sociation of College and Research

Libraries, 2014)

It is a dangerous mistake to con-

fuse information with knowledge, and

knowledge with wisdom.

Information is simply data. Once refined

and processed, it becomes knowledge.

With experience, humility and reflection,

knowledge morphs into wisdom.

Knowledge is “a fluid mix of framed

experience, values, contextual informa-

tion, and expert insight that provides a

framework for evaluating and incor-

porating new experiences and infor-

mation,” (Gorman & Pauleen, 2011).

Personal knowledge only starts to be-

come valuable to an individual and their

employer when it results in a new skill,

perspective or competency.

One characteristic of a wise person

is their ability to reflect on what they

know. This is essential if a person is to

manage what they know (Gorman &

Pauleen, 2011). Such a person is able to:

• Acknowledge the ambiguous, frag-

mented and contested nature of

knowledge but does not prevent a de-

termination of the understood “facts”

of the matter.

• Acknowledge that there are multiple

perspectives to any phenomenon,

each with their own vocabularies,

theories and frames.

• Understand as far as possible one’s

own subject position individually and

as a member of a community of prac-

tice, and that this will influence the

perception of the object.

This type of wisdom cannot be ob-

tained by sitting in an office with the

door closed. It can only be obtained by

seeking it. For this reason, a personal

knowledge management strategy is built

on five components:

1. A strategy to anticipate, explore, find,

connect, learn and act when acquiring

knowledge.

2. A plan to identify what has to be

learned and to obtain this learning to

remain relevant in the job market.

3. The development of strong communi-

cation and interpersonal skills to cre-

ate productive networks with others.

4. The acquisition of skills to use tech-

nology to acquire, manage and share

knowledge.

5. The ability to reflect and forecast

where your limited resources need to

be focused.

The social networking side of PKM

is critical. It is important that an indi-

vidual creates networks. It is only when

we know people that we will be able

to scan/reinvent and vet/filter what we

learn. A person who sits in their office

and reads about sludge dryers will never

be as knowledgeable as someone who

has commissioned or operated a dryer.

Knowledge is just information unless it

is grounded in experience.

We intuitively recognise this. Most of

us would place more value on advice on

parenting teenagers from someone with

adult children than from someone whose

children were still toddlers. It requires

a critical thinker to discern reliability of

an information source.

A critical thinker is able to: analyze

cause and effect; classify and sequence;

compare and contrast; infer; evaluate;

observe; predict; and rationalize. A crit-

ical thinker must remain open-minded,

well-informed, logical, and clarifica-

tion-seeking. There is a critical balance

between knowing and learning as one

leads to asking the right question and

the other to receiving the correct answer

(MindTools, 2014).

The three things that keep a person


Figure 1: Impact of PKM on the employer.



on the right path to their knowledge goal

are the people they know (relationships

and networks), related information (in-

formation), and the tools/skills to man-

age their efforts (technology). For each

goal, there will be a different balance be-

tween the three. However, all will play a

role. James Dellow (Dellow, 2003) calls

this the Personal Knowledge Mountain.

He argues that when a person climbs

a mountain, they rely on their team mem-

bers, their knowledge and their equip-

ment. The value of this analogy is to

remind us what is important. We build

our personal knowledge in a community

that should extend past the borders of our

employer and reach those who will chal-

lenge our complacency. We use technol-

ogy to grow the tendrils of our network

and to manage all that we gather.

To fully understand the importance

of staff assuming responsibility for their

knowledge management, let us con-

sider the key factors that measure the

“smartness” of an organization. These

are: awareness of external information;

dissemination of knowledge internally;

effective decision hierarchy; organiza-

tional focus; and continuous innovation

(Cheong & Tsui, 2011).

An employee’s efforts to build their

own personal knowledge can have a

positive impact on each of these factors

(Figure 1).

Employees gather information from

external sources through their personal

networks. This information can be used

by their employer to better market to and

serve clients. Individuals vet and pack-

age information into a form that can be

fed more effectively through the organi-

zation via formal and informal networks.

When individuals understand what is

at the core of their employer’s business,

they can align their own information

management to strengthen the compa-

ny’s performance. When a company’s

employees are continuously learning,

this can create pockets of intense cre-

ativity and innovation within the organi-

zation that will enhance the company’s

bottom line.

Engineering consultants are feeling

pressure from three areas. Management

consultants argue they are better planners

and program managers; contractors argue

they are better designers; and software

companies argue they can automate the

design process. The danger is that clients

come to view the core of what is left as

a commodity, one that can be executed

cheaper and equally as well offshore.

To maintain their competitive edge,

consultants must retain knowledge

within their organization. Employers

must reward and facilitate bottom-up

knowledge management. They need to

retain those who share knowledge and

build the company’s agility and creativ-

ity. This will enable firms to be competi-

tive in a market driven by both price and

innovation.

Patrick Coleman, P.Eng., is with Black & Veatch.Email: [email protected]

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Offices in Toronto and Montreal


Past, present and future of the environmental service industry By Kurt Hansene

In 1969, the United States enacted

its federal Clean Air and Water

Acts. Alberta did the same in 1971,

as did many other Canadian juris-

dictions, after pollution caught signifi-

cant public attention during the 1960s.

Shortly after, a few astute engineer-

ing consulting companies across Canada

diversified and augmented their business

with an environmental division. They

started the service with internal exper-

tise from the engineering disciplines of

sanitary, geotechnical and water resource

engineering. Early on, they recognized

that non-engineering expertise was re-

quired. Hydrogeologists, soil, vegetation

and atmospheric scientists were needed

for the environmental impact sciences of

groundwater contamination, mined land

reclamation and air quality assessment. It

was a frontier science back then.

In the 1980s, hazardous and mu-

nicipal waste, landfill and incineration

management legislation became com-

mon. Legislation regarding waste min-

imization and corporate due diligence

was introduced during the 1990s. Then,

a few Canadian jurisdictions required

“third party verification” of corpo-

rately filed compliance reports regard-

ing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)

and reductions. Other peripheral service

needs of periodic “third-party auditing”

of corporate environmental management

systems (i.e., emission and ambient air

quality monitoring, company sustain-

ability programs and goals, waste man-

agement) have evolved.

These legislative requirements have

paved the way for the rapidly growing

environmental service industry that has

diversified to the point of no longer

being a service that engineering com-

panies excel in providing. Thousands of

Canadian service companies now offer

environmental assistance.

Current business fabricThe current environmental service

industry falls mainly into the follow-

ing categories: proposed new industrial

project development; existing operating

industrial facilities; and government and

institutions.

The first category is the most signifi-

cant for the environmental service field.

Industrial clients simply do not have the

in-house expertise and human resources

to tackle this for new projects. It re-

quires such a variety of environmental

expertise that they cannot justify hiring

their own full time employees. The ser-

vice industry has all of the specialists,

and is up to date with regulatory require-

ments and permitting strategies.

The second business category is the

focus of many small and medium-sized

environmental service companies that

wish to only focus on specific services,

such as:

• Air, water and soil sample collection,

physical and chemical analyses, brief

data interpretation and regulatory com-

pliance report submissions.

• Baseline monitoring and reporting

(e.g., groundwater quality in potential

future coal bed methane formations).

• Environmental auditing of regulatory

reporting compliance, environmental

management systems, sustainability an-

nual reports, GHG emission statement

verification, etc.

• Waste inventorying and dispositions

and annual regulatory reporting.

• Contaminated site cleanup, remediation

and reclamation.

The third business category is gov-

ernment and institutional assistance.

While the travel may appeal to some,

it is highly variable, requires long lead

time and is not suited for those that wish

to stay local.

The futureThe main driver of future service

requirements will be new or revised

Legislative requirements

have paved the way for

the rapidly growing

environmental service

industry that has

diversified.



regulatory requirements. For environ-

mental assessment and contaminated

site cleanup, demand is directly related

to the number of industry-proposed new

or expanded facilities that are subject to

mandatory environmental assessment

submission.

Market fluctuations will exist for in-

dustrial facility decommissioning, but

will be stable in western Canada with

its thousands of oil and gas well pro-

duction sites. Future legislative changes

could arbitrarily increase or decrease

demand. For example, the demand for en-

vironmental assessment services dropped

a couple of years ago due to revisions of

the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act. This meant fewer types of project de-

velopments required mandatory environ-

mental assessment, or less comprehensive

assessment.

Increased market demands are ex-

pected in certain sectors. For example,

Alberta introduced the development of

airsheds for regional air quality monitor-

ing during the mid-1990s. About 10 of

them have since been established with

a variety of air quality monitoring and

data collection systems.

Recent studies by the Canadian Coun-

cil of Ministers of the Environment

suggest that other provinces may move

towards coordinated airshed monitoring,

compared to fragmented air quality mon-

itoring by individual permit holders and

provincial environmental departments.

Another example is the recently

established Alberta Environmental

Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting

Agency. It is tasked with establishing

a network of stations and systems in

northern Alberta to monitor air, water,

soil, etc. Specialist environmental con-

tractors will be required for these new

monitoring developments and similar

demands may evolve in other provinces.

The need for baseline groundwater

quality monitoring occurred about 10

years ago because of coal bed methane

developments. Future oil shale fracking

developments will increase the need

even more.

A new market for verification and

inventorying of GHG emission compli-

ance and baseline reports has developed

in Alberta and British Columbia over

the last 10 years. Legislation requires

that lead verifiers be either a registered

professional engineer or registered char-

tered accountant. Demand may increase

if legislation lowers the facility emission

threshold for mandatory reporting, or if

other provinces introduce GHG emis-

sion control legislation.

However, the market may also evapo-

rate should any province transition into a

flat type carbon tax on energy purchases.

A rapidly growing engineering service

demand will occur should the Federal

government introduce a direct carbon tax

or some indirect equivalent, which sets a

clear future benchmark for energy users/

wasters. Engineers with specialized skills

in energy efficiency gains such as waste

heat use, building insulation or renewable

energy, will be in great demand.


A small market for the development

and annual internal corporate reporting

of sustainability has developed during

the past 20 years. It has been created

by large corporations and public insti-

tutions that feel compelled to report to

their shareholders about their environ-

mental and sustainable resource use per-

formance. This market may grow, with

new legislative requirements for facil-

ities or commercial operations that are

not currently required to report anything

annually under a permit, or the Canadian

National Pollutant Release Inventory

(NPRI) requirements.

Required skills and business strategies

Engineers and other scientists (and

their employers) that wish to succeed in

the environmental service market have

to consider the following educational re-

quirements and human qualities:

• Strong project management skills such

as efficiently using Microsoft Project,

or equivalent, software to manage proj-

ect task schedule and budget revisions.

• Strong applied science skills in fluid

dynamics, chemistry, biology, earth

sciences and statistics, including spe-

cialty software for predictive modelling

of air, surface water and groundwater

quality. Database software skills also

matter when it comes to analyzing

collected environmental baseline field

data. Geomatic software skills are use-

ful, although this task is usually dele-

gated to a project team specialist.

• A personal engineering skill to “level

down” intricate engineering project de-

tails to the level of the simple project

facts required by a variety of environ-

mental scientists.

• A personal knack for business devel-

opment. Project work will not come

in continuously unless one makes it

a habit to meet with existing and po-

tential clients. In today’s Internet and

electronic newsletter world, bid lists

are a relic of the past. You have to seek

out prospective clients and convince

them that your company is qualified

to service the specific client needs.

SummaryThe environmental service industry

has grown and matured tremendously

over the past 40 years. It is no longer

a service that is exclusively offered by

consulting engineering companies. Nu-

merous other specialist service compa-

nies have entered and secured a good

portion of the market. The market will

grow in the future depending on new

legislative requirements and ongoing

steady economic activity.

Engineers, with the right skills, will

always be required in this service sec-

tor because of their project management

and applied science skills.

Kurt Hansen, M.Sc., P. Eng., is an environmental consultant assisting

industry, government and institutional clients across Canada and overseas.



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The Steel Tank Institute (STI)

recently published SP131,

“Standard for inspection, repair and modification of

shop-fabricated underground tanks for storage of flammable and combustible liquids.”

SP131 was developed in response

to requests from several agencies, re-

sponsible for ensuring the safety of the

public and the environment from spills

of hazardous flammable and combust-

ible liquids. STI standards are widely

recognized in the steel tank fabrica-

tion industry and many regulations and

agencies reference them directly in

their rules.

Most existing steel underground

storage tanks are constructed to STI

standards, so agencies came to STI

for development of SP131. A group of

regulators, tank manufacturers, con-

tractors, and other stakeholders were

invited to form a committee to develop

SP131. They spent over a year meeting,

drafting, and re-drafting the document,

ensuring it fairly addresses the needs

and concerns of agencies, regulators,

and the industry.

The scope of SP131 states that: “This standard covers the inspection, repair, and modification of an atmos-

pheric-type, shop-fabricated, carbon and/or stainless steel underground storage tank. It applies to tanks storing stable liquids at atmospheric pressure. It covers tanks built to a nationally recognized standard for underground storage tanks... This standard applies to tanks that are installed and also to tanks that have been temporarily removed to achieve a repair...”

SP 131 covers all steel underground

tanks built in accordance with a U.S.

national standard. Tanks built to the

Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada

standards are covered in its scope. Ac-

ceptance of the standard is dependent on

local regulations.

For more information, visit www.steeltank.com

New STI standard for underground steel tanks

A diverse range of case histories and new

developments is reviewed in ES&E’s

semi-annual look at tanks, containment

systems and spill management.


• Meeting Federal (E2), Provincial, Regulations• Site Emergency Preparedness & Response Plans• Industry Specific Standards, ISO 14000, International

Cyanide Management Code, Aboriginal Agreements

• Hands on Chemical Testing & Evaluation of Chemicals,Reagents, Process and Waste streams as well as MixedSpilled Substances

• Best Management Practices, Why & When to Patch,Over-pack or Transfer for transport, product recovery orwaste disposal

• Deal with Time Critical Issues and Hierarchy of Event• Discharges >1,000 gallons per minute in all terrain• Laboratory size to train derailment, pipeline size spills, all-terrain• Selecting conditions, flow rates, wind conditions, recovery• Improvise Countermeasures to reduce cost & contamination• Boat & Boom Deployment in river, open water



Harvest Power’s Energy Gar-

den in London, Ontario

turns organic materials into

clean, renewable energy

and fertilizers. Through advanced di-

gestion technology, naturally-occurring

micro-organisms produce renewable

biogas energy from food scraps, grease,

and other organic waste materials. The

remaining digestate is turned into or-

ganic fertilizer granules.

The Energy From Waste facility

uses a wet anaerobic digestion technol-

ogy to turn 65,000 tonnes of mixed or-

ganic materials into 2.85 megawatts per

hour of electricity and 5,200 tonnes of

fertilizers. This cost-effective process-

ing option helps the community lower

costs, meet recycling targets, provide

renewable energy and return nutrients

to local farms and fields.

Greatario Engineered Storage Sys-

tems designed and constructed the

anaerobic digester and other process

tanks. Having the technology to pro-

vide various types of storage tanks with

specific roof applications to handle the

different stages of the digestion process

was important to Harvest Power. Great-

ario manufactured and built nine tanks

utilized at Harvest’s Energy Garden

in London. In the design stage, Har-

vest anticipated 20-25 waste delivery

trucks per week, or 120,000 tonnes of

waste, would be processed each year.

Construction of multiple tanks began in

2011.

Reception and storage tanksOrganic materials entering the sys-

tem are ground up and de-contaminat-

ed. They are then separated into regu-

lar organics (food waste) and higher

strength organics (fats, oils and greases)

which are stored in separate tanks:

• 7.68 m x 5.87 m (68,000 USG)

Aquastore glass-fused-to-steel tank

with a glass knuckle roof. Knuckle

roofs tend to be used for smaller di-

ameter tanks.

• 4.26 m x 7.27 m (26,300 USG)


with a glass knuckle roof.

• 13.64 m x 11.45 m (431,000 USG)


with a Temcor aluminum dome.

DigestersA custom recipe of organics is trans-

ferred to the hydrolysis tank for pre-di-

gestion. The organic slurry is then fed

to two complete mix, mesophilic anaer-

obic digesters:

• 11.09 m x 11.46 m (269,000 USG)

combination epoxy and glass zone

tank, with an externally supported

roof (ESR). The ESR is often used

when medium to high pressure or

vacuum designs limits are expected.

They are also preferred for heavy

load conditions.

• 20.46 m x 18.44 m (1,523,000 USG)

hybrid epoxy/glass zone tank, insu-

lated and clad with an externally sup-

ported roof.

Digestate storage tankThe digestate remaining from the an-

aerobic digestion process is dewatered

to produce a fertilizer product. Great-

ario’s bolted tanks easily adapt for hy-

brid tank designs, allowing for different

coating systems for the gas and liquid

zones of the digester:

• 18.76 m x 8.7 m (610,000 USG) hy-

brid epoxy/glass zone tank with a gas

holder membrane roof.

Pre-aeration tankThe pre-aeration tank is used to pre-

treat the liquid effluent that comes from

the solid/liquid separation of the diges-

tate:

• 24.73m x 7.27m (844,600 USG)

epoxy tank designed for a dome roof.

• 5.11m x 7.27m (38,000 USG) Aqua-

store glass-fused-to-steel tank with a

glass knuckle roof.

Greatario provides complete storage

solutions for anaerobic digesters. Tanks

can be designed with different coating

systems for the gas and liquid zones

of the digester. Multiple cover options

are designed for digester applications,

including externally supported roofs,

pressure domes and membrane roofs.

For more information, visit www.greatario.com

Wet anaerobic digestion allows EFW plant to generate almost 25,000 megawatts annually

Externally supported roof of the digester.

SSSSSSppppppiiiiiillllllllllllssssssSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSpppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllsssssssssssssssssssssssssssss

The Canadian Standards As-

sociation (CSA) has released

the first edition of the CAN/

CSA B-837 collapsible fabric

storage tanks (bladders) regulation. This

represents the world’s first standard for

collapsible bladder fuel storage tanks or

pillow tanks.

For years, regulators, operators and

manufacturers in Canada had no cred-

ible reference document that detailed

the minimum requirements for the use

of these storage bladders. This new

standard provides industry with a reli-

able source of information to ensure that

the use of collapsible fuel bladder tanks

meets the challenges of the harsh Arctic

conditions which is where they are typ-

ically deployed.

Paul Reichard, manager of SEI In-

dustries’ remote site and environmental

division, was a participating member and

vice-chair of the CSA committee that

prepared the new standard. SEI’s partici-

pation first began in 2008 when Feder-

al environmental regulations in Canada

changed. They accidentally excluded

collapsible fabric fuel tanks from the

regulations, making it difficult for major

clients like the Department of National

Defence and mineral exploration com-

panies to use bladders.

Once Environment Canada learn-

ed of the mistake, they set out to fix

the problem by developing a nation-

al standard to recognize bladders as a

safe, cost-effective and environment-

ally-friendly method of temporary fuel

storage in remote sites. The CSA took

over the development work with regu-

lators and end users across Canada, as

well as manufacturers around the world.

“Now that the standard is official, the

next step is certification and we’re cur-

rently working through that process,”

said Reichard. “Without regulation, the

fuel bladder can get a bad rap. Compan-

ies will sell an inferior product or mil-

itary surplus tanks that have passed their

shelf life. These bladders can leak or rup-

ture and make all bladders look bad.”

By 2015, SEI hopes to offer its Arc-

tic King tank as the first bladder certi-

fied by an accredited third party. Al-

ready, there is global interest. SEI has

been in discussions with regulators and

military customers that are looking for a

high-quality product and one that is rec-

ognized by a credible third party.

For more information, visit www.sei-ind.com

World’s first standard for collapsible fuel tanks released

www.greatario.com 519-469-8169 [email protected]

COMPLETE STORAGE SYSTEMS

MUNICIPAL • INDUSTRIALWATER • WASTEWATER

• BIOENERGY

Photo: Harvest Power's anaerobic digesters in London, ON.




Located in the high desert pla-

teau of southwestern Col-

orado, Pagosa Springs is

famous for its geothermal hot

springs, which draw visitors worldwide

to soak in the mineral-rich water. The

Ute people called the sulphur springs

“Pah-gosah,” meaning, “healing wat-

ers.” Now, the town’s potable water sys-

tem is also being healed.

After first combating blue-green

algae in the raw water reservoir and

then thermal stratification in the storage

tanks, Art Holloman, water superintend-

ent for the Pagosa Area Water and Sani-

tation District (PAWSD), learned that

SolarBee® mixers, with their long-dis-

tance circulation technology can solve

both types of problems. Mixers can also

reduce operating costs, restore water

quality and help with accurate water

sampling data.

The District relies on a series of raw

water reservoirs for its potable water.

The 130-acre Hatcher Reservoir had a

history of blue-green algae blooms that

caused taste and odour problems. Treat-

ing it with copper sulfate and activated

carbon filters was costly, according to

Holloman.

After consulting with Medora Cor-

poration’s engineers and limnologists,

PAWSD installed two SolarBee 10000

v12 solar-powered units near the water

treatment plant intake for partial-lake

treatment. To clear up the entire lake,

the District added three more units. The

blooms soon disappeared, as did con-

centrations of source water total organic

carbon (TOC).

“We have reduced copper sulfate

treatments by 70%, and the taste and

odour problems have disappeared,” said

Holloman. In addition, TOC levels have

decreased by about 1 to 2 mg/l. Based

on the improvements to Hatcher Res-

ervoir more units were installed in four

more supply system lakes.

Thermal stratification in storage tanks

PAWSD serves 12,000 residents

through an 11-tank potable water storage

and distribution system covering almost

200 km2. Representative sampling for

total chlorine monitoring was unreliable

due to thermal stratification and uneven

water-age, problems typical of unmixed

tanks. Three tanks were targeted for

improvement because stratification had

created variable water-age problems, in-

cluding an increased risk of disinfection

byproduct (DBP) violations.

SolarBee mixers installed in each

tank eliminated stratification. Results in

one tank were so successful it enabled

the District to acquire contact time cred-

its from the Colorado State Health De-

partment to meet the microscopic par-

ticulate analysis requirement. The other

two tanks have shown consistent chlor-

ine residuals and lower DBP concen-

trations. Presently, 20 mixers are being

used in the District’s lakes and tanks.

Long-distance mixingMedora Corporation’s long-distance

circulation and mixing technology pulls

dense water from the level of the intake,

which is typically near the thermocline

in an open reservoir, or at the floor in a

potable water storage tank. This dense

water is transported upwards and sent

across the surface in thin, horizontal lay-

ers. In raw water reservoirs, the constant

horizontal and vertical movement suffi-

ciently disrupts large-celled blue-green

algae and allows beneficial small-celled

algae to predominate. This restores the

food chain and returns the reservoir to

a healthy state. In potable water storage

tanks, the flow pattern effectively scrubs

the floor and sides of the entire tank,

constantly replacing disinfectant and

killing bacteria in critical areas.

For more information, visit www.medoraco.com

Solar mixers help Pagosa Springs restore its potable water system

SolarBee mixers help reduce the cost of chemically treating the reservoir and

solve thermal stratification problems in the tanks.

“We have reduced copper sulfate treatments

by 70%, and the taste and odour problems

have disappeared,” said Holloman.



An industrial laundering facility in Ontario required

equalization and storage of wastewater from their

operation, prior to discharging it to the municipal

sewer system. Engineering staff and the facility

constructor reviewed different tank types and determined that

a built on site H2Flow Permastore glass-fused-to-steel tank

was the preferred option.

This type of tank combines the strength and flexibility of

steel with the corrosion resistance of glass. It is cost-effective

for many applications and its long life span, rapid erection and

tight site constraints made it a great option for this project.

Even though there is no regulatory requirement for sec-

ondary containment of wastewater at this facility, the owners

determined that they would like the wastewater tank to be

double walled. This was a decision based primarily on due

diligence and compliance management, and was in keeping

with the overall company policy on bulk liquid storage.

There was an issue of space, however. This is where the

glass-fused-to-steel construction method had a significant

advantage. The Permastore modular bolted construction pro-

vided fast and relatively low cost installation of the double

walled tank. As the inner and outer tanks were delivered to the

site in sections, the 100 m3 tank could be built in place.

Due to the incredibly tight space constraints at the facility,

it was determined that the volume of the outer tank shell could

hold 110% of the volume of the inner tank. The tank could

not be made high enough to guarantee that the horizontal

trajectory of a potential leak from the inner tank at the top

water level would be confined within the secondary wall of

the equalization tank. However, this is unlikely to happen due

to the design and construction of these tanks.

Additionally, the client had requested a roof be built be-

tween the two tanks, based on the design of a similar con-

tainment system at another of their facilities. This was to pre-

vent any snow/rain water from accumulating between the two

tanks.

Installation went smoothly and no leaks from the inner

tank have been recorded. In the unlikely event of a leak, an ef-

fective system is in place for spill containment of wastewater.

For more information, Email: [email protected]

Laundering facility comes clean with secondary containment tanks



Are Canadian businesses and

industries continuing to be

too complacent about their

abilities to handle environ-

mental spill emergencies, despite the

growing number of incidents occuring

around them?

It seems many are satisfied to put

their faith in environmental plans that

meet federal and provincial require-

ments and in responders who have ex-

tensive classroom and textbook train-

ing.

What they either don’t understand,

or simply ignore, is that some of the

recognized training standards concen-

trate on basic health and safety, but do

not provide response capability. The

training does not deal with site-specif-

ic and product-specific training and

response strategies that demonstrate

response capability when it comes to

ASIA-R – Approach, Secure, Identify,

Assess and Respond.

We expect Canadian companies

to be prepared to protect the health of

people and the environment in times of

environmental emergencies. That is the

point of the Environmental Emergency

(E2) requirements under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act.

An E2 plan must document ways to

prevent, prepare for, respond to and re-

cover from environmental emergencies

caused by toxic or other hazardous sub-

stances. A plan that provides a broad

framework for response, permits flex-

ibility in applying alternative strategies

to deal with hazardous substances,

and is regularly exercised by trained

responders, will meet the E2 require-

ments.

Yet, do companies go far enough in

exercising their emergency response

plans and developing their response

capabilities? Planners and responders

may get a false sense of preparedness

if they have not conducted an in-depth

analysis. This involves the “what if” of

an environmental emergency to deter-

mine if supplies, equipment and train-

ing, along with appropriate response

procedures and strategies, are adequate.

While emergency exercises can be full

scale, operational or process specific,

they must deal with an organization’s

greatest liabilities, the range of impacts

for both minor and major events and any

time-critical factors involved.

Today, there are still private and gov-

ernment organizations that believe their

planning is adequate and are determined

to stick to their plans. They may not

realize, or want to admit, who has the

ultimate responsibility for their regula-

tory compliance in the event of a release

of chemicals into the environment. Or

who the “go-to-jail” person is!

Many federal and provincial environ-

mental officers have field experience

and hands-on training in countermea-

sures. This allows them to be excellent

judges of the effectiveness of respond-

ers and their response actions.

To train responders to implement

their emergency response plans, com-

panies often turn to the standards of the

U.S. Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA). These spell

out how business and industry must

train and prepare for incidents involving

spills and releases of hazardous prod-

ucts. The OSHA standard for training

is commonly called HAZWOPER, for

hazardous waste operations and emer-

gency response.

Companies can adopt U.S. HAZ-

WOPER training for their own oper-

ations. This will give them response

crews capable of a complete range of

response and remediation activities. But

the training that works in a multi-chem-

ical manufacturing environment, close

to support equipment, experienced

emergency response services and com-

petent response contractors, may not

be much use in other circumstances.

Response efforts can be defeated, or

hampered by lengthy decision-mak-

ing processes to define and implement

a crisis action plan that fits within the

company’s emergency plan.

Therefore, companies must have an

emergency response plan that is flex-

ible. In a crisis, skilled and trained re-

sponders need to have the authority and

necessary resources to take immediate

Alternative spill response training strategies are vitalBy Cliff Holland

Kayaks have proven to be an adaptable spill response tool. Maneuverable in

water, they can also be used as sleds during the winter.



action without waiting for a command

centre and structure to be set up.

In effect, the actions of the first re-

sponders drive the plan and how it un-

folds. Responders must have skills and

training that is product-specific and

site-specific to develop strategic alterna-

tives, rather than having to follow a hard

line of practices and procedures.

I’ve worked in the waste manage-

ment field since the late 1970s and

saw the industry become more sophis-

ticated. In 1989, Spill Management was

launched to provide custom response

training for a wide range of clients, with

exercises that range from cleaning up

high risk and small laboratory spills,

to dealing with large industrial process

spills to land and water.

In mining, forestry or pipeline oper-

ations, emergency responders may

have to cope with difficult access to the

scene, debris, heavy vegetation, high

and fast flowing waters. They need to

improvise response measures to obtain

road access, establish points of entry

or find the right conditions for ideal

boom deployment. Weather conditions,

including snow or rain, temperatures,

wind direction and velocity, and the

amount of daylight, have to be taken

into consideration. It all has to be done

quickly and efficiently, to reduce the in-

cident’s impact.

In order to put alternative strategies

in place, responders must know the

properties of response materials. On

waterways, they may need to decide on

the type of boom to use, whether it is

simply to contain spilled oil, or to ab-

sorb it as well. They also need to know

how to deploy booms and to securely

anchor them. They must have a plan to

clean up and collect spilled material and

store and dispose of it.

Today, you are taking a very serious

risk if you depend only on textbook

training, a checklist approach for pre-

paredness and the belief that “it” will

never happen. Even a small spill can

interfere with, or kill, living organisms

and result in a conviction. Recognizing

this means training for today’s environ-

mental reality.

Any training exercise needs to exam-

ine the roles and responsibilities of re-

sponse team members as laid out in the

emergency response plan, the provisions

for incident command and control, and

Any training exercise needs to examine the roles and

responsibilities of response team members as laid out in the

emergency response plan, the provisions for incident command

and control, and the entire structure that will be available.




the entire structure that will be available

to support on-site response measures.

That includes the possibility of need-

ing outside resources, the availability

of those resources and what happens if

outside help is called in.

I can think of one situation where a

chemical company called 911 because

of a small chemical fire. The fire depart-

ment responded and assumed control of

the scene.

They refused to allow plant work-

ers to go behind the plant to shut off the

flow from a chemical storage tank that

was feeding the flames. While the fire

department was assessing the risks and

hazards, determining the appropriate re-

sponse action, and ensuring the safety of

staff members and a gathering crowd, the

plant burned down. It was never rebuilt.

The company had workers who pos-

sessed the knowledge and ability to help

bring the situation under control. How-

ever, its response to the emergency was

to evacuate and call the fire department.

It cost them everything.

EquipmentYou can’t always count on having

everything you would like to have, when

operating in more remote areas. To over-

come this, supplies must be able to be

used in a number of different ways. This

includes improvising spill control meas-

ures that allow for various weather, ter-

rain and access conditions.

Spill Management, for instance, has

added three kayaks to its spill response

training equipment. The kayaks were re-

cently used in site-specific training ses-

sions for both a pipeline company and

mining company in northern Ontario.

The ease of using a kayak means that

booms could be quickly placed to con-

tain a spill and make recovery easier.

If a company has to position booms

on water or move supplies to a spill site

over water, kayaks can be an ideal al-

ternative to larger boats. They are much

easier to move to a site in a pickup truck

or an all-terrain vehicle, are very man-

euverable in water and can have a num-

ber of other uses.

SummaryAlternative training strategies are ex-

tremely valuable. They allow respond-

ers to choose effective ways to respond

to an incident, rather than being tied to

rigid policies and procedures. By teach-

ing effective and immediate response

countermeasures, costs and the impact

to people, property and the environment

are reduced. Effective training includes

alternative strategies that meet or exceed

the ISO 14000 Environmental Manage-

ment System emergency preparedness

and program development criteria.

There are many operations across

our country in environmentally sensitive

areas that need plans specifically for the

chemicals, products and conditions they

are dealing with. They also need to be

prepared to deal with all risks and all

hazard situations in a timely and effect-

ive manner.

Cliff Holland is Environmental Director of Spill Management Inc.


Environmental | Food | Mineral | Petroleum

Have you downloaded our “Guide to Current Sampling Practices”?

www.cala.ca/sampleguide

www.greatario.com 519-469-8169

GREATARIO is the market leader for the sale and construction of liquid storage solutions for municipal and industrial markets in eastern Canada. Continuing company growth has created an opportunity for a technical sales person based in Ontario. The focus of the position will be to develop, grow and maintain relationships with municipal and industrial customers. Previous technical sales experience in the municipal and industrial water and wastewater markets is preferred. Providing application guidance and technical expertise to our existing customer base is an asset. The ability to develop multi-level and diverse market business for all of Greatario’s engineered products and solu-tions by calling on end users, engineering firms, manufacturers and contractors is required. If you are driven by exceeding customer expectations, innovative solutions and dynamic opportunities, we urge you to submit your resume to: [email protected]. indicating the job title.We offer a competitive base salary with unlimited potential for the right person. Vehicle plan and benefits included.

Build a career with us!



Over the past 15 years, en-

vironmental standards for

the discharge of refinery ef-

fluent back into the environ-

ment have become extremely stringent

and are currently at 15 ppm. This can

put a lot of pressure on oil companies to

comply.

Industrial wastewater found in the

internal collection sewers and basins

of oil refineries contains petroleum by-

products and raw crude oil. Installing oil

skimming technology helps recover these

valuable products, returning them to the

refining process. Besides the financial

return, there is a positive benefit to the

environment by reducing the amount of

hydrocarbons in the effluent.

In 2008, Chevron approached Aqua-

Guard to design a custom solution to

replace the outdated and inefficient

pipe weir skimming system at a refin-

ery’s API separation basins. Chevron

was looking to upgrade their system to

fully meet all effluent discharge require-

ments.

In order to cut down the amount of

chemicals used in the secondary pro-

cessing stage, the skimming system

would need to remove most of the sur-

face hydrocarbons in the primary sep-

aration ponds. This would reduce the

amount of carry over hydrocarbons into

the secondary treatment ponds.

Aqua-Guard proposed installing oil

skimming systems equipped with RBS

TRITON™ skimming technology. This

recovers up to 98% of the surface oil,

thereby increasing efficiency of the pri-

mary separation stage by almost 99%.

To withstand the highly corrosive

API environment, industrial skimmers

must be constructed of stainless steel.

The system relies on adhesion of oil to

the surface of a rotating stainless steel

disc. As the disc rotates through the oil/

water surface, oil adheres to the disc

and is removed by a scraper. Recovered

product is collected in a common sump

and pumped back into the refinery sys-

tem for use. Discs can be interchanged

with either drums or brushes, for re-

covering various types of oil.

Since the site had an adequate air

power source, the unit is 100% pneu-

matically powered, from the oil skim-

mer head and the rotating stainless steel

disc recovery system, to the double dia-

phragm pump used to recover the product.

The fully automated floating oil-skim-

ming systems were installed in the pri-

mary separation ponds. Each skimmer is

capable of recovering up to 63 m3/hour of

surface hydrocarbons. They were paired

with two externally mounted pneumatic

pumps, each capable of 20 m3/hour. To

adapt to fluctuating basin levels, reduce

wastewater circulation and maximize

oil recovery, the skimmers needed to be

self-adjusting.

Since 2008, the system has run

trouble free for over 50,000 hours.

The skimmers are serviced only twice

a year, primarily for maintenance pur-

poses. The estimated maximum hydro-

carbon recovery of these systems is

870,000 m3.

Shell oil refineries in Asia and other

national oil companies in Latin America

now also employ this patented oil skim-

ming technology in their industrial pro-

cesses to help optimize their refining.

Aqua-Guard recently launched and

supplied a new RBS TRITON 100 in-

dustrial oil skimming system capable of

recovering over 100 m3/hour. These sys-

tems have been specifically designed for

export to countries where higher amounts

of oil are present in their primary separ-

ation ponds and require higher recovery

rates from skimming systems.

Nigel J. Bennett is with Aqua-Guard Spill Response.


Oil skimming technology helps firms meet regulations and recover lost product By Nigel J. Bennett

An Aqua-Guard oil skimming system in operation at a refinery.

Since 2008, the system has run

trouble free for over 50,000 hours.

The skimmers are serviced only

twice a year, primarily for main-

tenance purposes. The estimated

maximum hydrocarbon recovery of

these systems is 870,000 m3.



Constructing massive precast concrete structures with

CON/SPAN® provides choices for design engineers

and assembly options for contractors.

The Denison Road Storm Water Retention Tank

in Toronto (Georgetown South Project) by Metrolinx (GO

Transit) is one of many applications of CON/SPAN. It is not

a new application, but the size and installation method used

make the application noteworthy.

Design and construction of the retention tank was needed

for the treatment and disposal of stormwater run-off from a

total catchment area of 4.86 hectares. The structure was also

required to provide enhanced water quality protection and

discharge via an existing storm sewer network for all storm

events up to and including a 100-year return storm.

Design of the system resulted in a 4,000 m3 underground

stormwater retention tank comprised of 62 precast concrete

units measuring 9,755 mm wide by 2,740 mm high. Some

pieces were specially designed skewed end units for bends,

while other pieces were narrower at the beginning and end of

the structure. All were designed to S6.1S1-10 - Supplement #1 to S6.1-06, Commentary on CAN/CSA-S6-06, Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code and CSA A23.4-09 (R2014) - Precast Concrete - Materials and Construction.

Pre-project planning started in 2011 with the concept for

the CON/SPAN option, which would require a cast-in-place

foundation and channel. The units were produced and shipped

from the Guelph, Ontario facility of Con Cast Pipe.

Another reason for selecting a precast concrete retention

system was the complexity of the tank location. It sits dir-

ectly underneath the Denison Road GO Transit grade separa-

tion and a metre below Denison Road, where it passes under

the railway overpass. The structure had to be constructed

in a short period within an established neighbourhood and

roadway right-of-way where it was difficult to make use of

heavy equipment. Cambridge Rigging’s 300-tonne mobile

boom crane was used to install CON/SPAN units to the grade

Precast concrete structures used for massive Toronto stormwater retention tank By Adam Polski

A 300-tonne crane installs the first precast concrete unit on the completed base slab of the stormwater retention tank.



separation. However, a Goldhofer crawler was needed to

install them under the rail overpass. Using precast concrete

units saved time, limited the impact of construction on the

neighbourhood and commuters, and helped the contractor

meet the construction schedule.

Upon completion of the foundation, Dufferin Construc-

tion, a division of Holcim (Canada) Inc., constructed cast-

in-place bulkheads at each end, connected catch basins into

the CON/SPAN structure, and constructed a cast-in-place

maintenance-hole base on top. This allowed the precast riser

sections to be installed to the finished grade of Denison Road.

Stormwater would be pumped from the tank to an oil/sedi-

ment control structure for treatment, and then discharged into

the nearby storm sewer system.

Cambridge Rigging and Engineering in Motion were re-

sponsible for planning and executing the installation of all of

the precast sections.

Construction of the tank began with excavation for a poured-

in-place channel that would also serve as the base of the struc-

ture. Footings for the CON/SPAN units were poured in place.

The first unit was set on June 24, 2014, using the mobile crane.

As installation approached the grade separation, Cambridge

Rigging switched from the boom crane to the crawler to install

the precast units. The process involved a precast unit being

carefully centred on the crawler by the crane and tied securely.

Then it was rotated on the crawler 60 degrees so it fit between

the footings. The remote controlled, diesel powered crawler

then began its slow pace toward the overpass. A Kevlar strap

joined the crawler to a front-end loader that served as both an

anchor and safety vehicle to slow downhill movement.

When the crawler arrived to deliver its payload, it was man-

euvered into position to gently place the CON/SPAN unit into

the footing to rest on a neoprene strip that aided waterproofing,

while shimming the legs. The final CON/SPAN unit was placed

on July 3, 2014, completing the 10-day installation.

Construction of the retention tank was only one compon-

ent of this complex project. Metrolinx retained R.V. Anderson

Associates Limited to carry out detailed design and provide

services during construction for a new railway grade separa-

tion for improved rail service and for the Union Station–Pear-

son Airport Rail Link. The project included two reinforced

concrete railway bridges, tieback retaining wall system, and

the new precast stormwater retention tank.

G.D. Jewell Engineering Inc. was the structural designer of

the CON/SPAN system and prepared the general arrangement

drawing from the R.V. Anderson/Morrison Hershfield design.

When completed, the public will see the Denison Road

grade separation that accommodates a rail system for com-

muters and travellers to and from Lester B. Pearson Inter-

national Airport, a pedestrian underpass, and improved road

pavement. What won’t be visible is a modern underground

precast concrete stormwater retention and treatment system

designed to last for generations.

Adam Polski, C.E.T. is with Con Cast Pipe. Email:[email protected]

The remote controlled, diesel powered crawler slowly de-

scends the ramp toward the overpass.

CON/SPAN unit maneuvered into position to rest on the

neoprene-padded footing.

After setting the precast unit, the crawler returns to re-

ceive the next unit.

Installation of the CON/SPAN units on the poured-in-

place channel took 10 days.

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Assmann Corporation of America

Small double wall tanks, from 20 to 405 gallons, provide primary and secondary containment for hazardous and corrosive chemicals in one unit. Linear polyeth-ylene tanks are certified to NSF/ANSI Standard 61, and high-density crosslink resin tanks for chemical storage. ISO 9001:2008 Certified.Web: www.assmann-usa.com

Small double wall tanks

The patented Hexa-Cover® system can be used on all kinds of liquids. It is the ideal solution for eliminating: • Evaporation • Organic growth • Emission • Odour The unique design makes the elements interlock by wind pressure and ensure that the Hexa-Cover tiles mechanically constitute a coherent cover.

Tel: 519-469-8169, Fax: 519-469-8157E-mail: [email protected]: www.greatario.com

Greatario Engineered Storage Systems

The H2FLOW SBR consists of FLUIDYNE Sequencing Batch Reactor internals integrated into a glass-fused-to-steel tank. It features jet aeration headers that never require replacement, and a solids-excluding fixed decanter which has been proven in many installations. Tel: 905-660-9775 Web: www.h2flow.com

H2FLOW SBR

H2Flow Equipment

Spill Management

Specialist training

Practical

Hands-on

Progressive

Formats

Tel: 905-578-9666, Fax: 905-578-6644

E-mail: [email protected]: www.spillmanagement.ca

Westeel

Westeel’s C-Ring Con-tainment Sys-tems are ideal for petro-chemical, frac water storage, oil and gas, fertilizer,

hazardous material, and agricultural applications. All systems are made with high-strength (50-ksi) steel and have heavy-duty G115 galvanizing, meeting the stringent requirements of ISO 9001.Tel: 888-674-8265, 204-233-7133Fax: 888-463-6012E-mail: [email protected]: www.westeel.com

Containment system

Wise Environmental Solutions Inc. specializes in: frac, mini mixer, 4 motor mixer, open top, poly and double wall tank rentals, as well as vacuum, dewatering and environmental roll-off boxes. We pride ourselves on safety and offer competitive transportation and disposal rates.Tel: 519-860-5589 or 519-542-6667E-mail: [email protected]: www.wiseenv.com

Rentals

Wise Environmental Solutions

KG Services specialize in emergency roadside spill response in Ontario. All of their staff is licensed, insured and fully trained. Service is available 24/7, 365 days a year.

24/7 Emergency Tel: 877-850-3120 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kgservice.ca

Emergency spill response

KG Services

TEAM-1 Academy

TEAM-1 Academy Inc. is North America’s leader in HazMat, Confined Space and Working at Heights Training which can be facilitated at your location or one of our centers. We conduct training for many enforcement agencies, and for industry and construction. Tel: 905-827-0007Fax: 905-827-0049E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.team1academy.com

Safety training

Tank Connection (TC) was selected to design, manufacture and install a turnkey package of Bolted RTP (rolled, tapered panel) liq-uid storage tanks with secondary containment and aluminum domes. TC’s RTP tanks and aluminum geodesic domes represent innovation in design, unmatched quality and performance.Tel: 620-423-3010E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.tankconnection.com

Secondary Containment Solutions

Tank Connection Affiliate Group

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ACG Technology

Prevent pump ragging

The legendary Muffin Monster sewage grinder has the power to tear through the toughest solids, including wipes, rags, plastics, leaves, branches, clothing and debris, to protect pumps from clogging. The Muffin Monster easily installs in gravity fed sewer channels or inline sewer lines. Tel: 905-856-1414Web: www.acgtechnology.com

ACG Technology

The Honey Monster Septage Receiving system, Model SRS-XE, is an all-in-one unit that allows the cleaner handling of septage truck waste by reducing and separating unwanted trash such as rocks, wipes, rags, clothing, plastics and other debris.Tel: 905-856-1414Web: www.acgtechnology.com

Septage receiving automation

• Optimizes all types of filters• Extremely low profile; lowest available• Manufactured from corrosion-resistant stainless steel• Variable custom orifice sizing• Custom hydraulic design• Guaranteed uniform air scour distribution• Rapid, low-cost installationTel: 403-255-7377, Fax: 403-255-3129E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.awifilter.com

Phoenix Underdrain System

AWI

Phoenix Panel System

• Upgrades and optimizes all types of filters• Installs directly over existing underdrain system• Eliminates the need for base gravel layers• Improves backwash flow distribution• Provides longer filter runs and lower turbidity effluentTel: 403-255-7377, Fax: 403-255-3129E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.awifilter.com

AWI

American Public University

Online education

Take your expertise to the next level with American Public University (APU). APU offers more than 190 degree and certifi-cate programs including Environmental Science, Environmental Policy & Man-agement, and more – completely online.

Tel: 877-777-9081E-mail: [email protected]: www.StudyatAPU.com/ESE

Chemline Plastics

ChemFlare™ connections solve failure problems on PVC threaded/solvent welds on sodium hypo-chlorite dosing panels. For use with ball, relief valves and dosing pumps, they are easy to install, disassemble and do not add dead volume. Chemline offers an entire system, including PFA flare fit-tings and tubing.

Tel: 905-889-7890, Fax: 905-889-8553E-mail: [email protected]: www.chemline.com

End connections

Water infiltration problems? Many mu-nicipalities are now enjoying the benefits, ease and cost savings in using Denso 12” petrola-tum tape to wrap chamber exteriors to ar-rest the prob-lem of water ingress. Contact Denso to help solve your chamber issues.

Tel: 416-291-3435, Fax: 416-291-0898E-mail: [email protected]: www.densona.com

Stop water infiltration

Denso

The Memobase Plus CYZ71D helps you save time and money with one simple calibration and documentation tool. You can work safely in a clean, controlled environment and elim-inate human error with electronic record keeping. Create true sensor life cycle management.

Tel: 800-668-3199, 905-681-9292Fax: 905-681-9444E-mail: [email protected]: www.ca.endress.com/CYZ71D

Sensor management tool

Endress+Hauser Canada

The Proline Promag 400 flowmeter offers HistoRom secure automated device back-up, Heartbeat technology for continuous self-di-agnostics and device verification, and certified corrosion protection for use underground or under water without modifications.

Tel: 800-668-3199, 905-681-9292Fax: 905-681-9444E-mail: [email protected]: www.ca.endress.com/5L4C

Electromagnetic flowmeter

Endress+Hauser Canada

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For difficult wastewater problems, dissolved air flotation (DAF) may be the right choice. Try out the H2FLOW DAF unit to see if the results make sense to clarify your water. The skid-mounted unit, complete with accessories, is designed to treat 80 Lpm. A flatbed trailer is optional.Tel: 905-660-9775 Web: www.h2flow.com

DAF pilot unit

H2Flow Equipment

Huber Technology

Advanced MBR screen

Huber has introduced the Rotamat® perforated plate screen RPPS STAR. Utilizing a patented pleated perforated plate increases throughput by 25%. This allows a smaller footprint, which results in reduced capital cost for screen and structure. Tel: 704-990-2055, Fax: 704-949-1020 E-mail: [email protected]: www.Huberforum.net/RPPS

Geneq

The Model F-10300 process centrifuge is specifically designed for process control sampling applications to de-termine solids concentration in percent volume. The centrifuge test gives rapid results: six or more sludge samples can be run in 15 minutes in a lab centrifuge. The data obtained has been proven to be more than adequate for process control.Tel: 514-354-2511, Fax: 514-354-6948E-mail: [email protected]: www.geneq.com

Process centrifuge

U20L, the new low cost HOBO Water Level Logger, measures water level, barometric pressure, pressure (absolute), and temperature. Its self-contained, non-vented design enables easy deployment for use in wells, streams, lakes, wetlands and tidal areas. It has a durable ceramic pressure sensor.

Tel: 604-872-7894Fax: 604-872-0281E-mail: [email protected]: www.hoskin.ca

Water level logger

Hoskin Scientific

The HOBO U26-001 Dissolved Oxygen Logger features: monitoring with 0.2 mg/L accuracy; optical DO sensor technology; optical USB interface; and, easy-to-replace DO sensor cap. Software corrects for measurement drift from fouling.

Tel: 604-872-7894 Fax: 604-872-0281E-mail: [email protected]: www.hoskin.ca

DO logger

Hoskin Scientific

Huber Technology invented the RoK4 vertical confined space screen tech-nology to physi-cally screen out debris in confined spaces such as pump stations, wet wells, etc. Three diameters are avail-able with machine lengths as high as ~40’. Over 700 units have been installed worldwide.Tel: 704-990-2055 E-mail: [email protected]: www.Huberforum.net

Vertical screen technology

Huber Technology

Fluid Metering has published a new

catalogue of precision dispensers and

metering pumps for

laboratory, industrial,

process and OEM

applications. FMI

products feature

unique piston-type

positive displacement

units with no valves,

low-dead volume, 1% accuracy, a

ceramic/fluorocarbon fluid path, and a

range from 500 nanoliters per dispense

up to 4,600 ml/min continuous metering.Tel: 800-223-3388Web: www.fmipump.com

New catalogue

Fluid Metering

Process mixing system

The HYDRAULIX mixing systems feature a unique double nozzle design which allows for even energy distribution. This process optimizes solids suspension and contact to promote efficiency in a wide range of wastewater and bio-fuels applications.

E: [email protected]: www.greatario.com

Greatario Engineered Storage Systems

This Jellyfish® Fil-ter was suspended from a parking deck platform, conserving valu-able space within a 31 story high-rise residential tower in downtown Van-couver. The mem-brane-based Jellyfish Filter was selected based on stormwater pollutant removal performance, compact and lightweight footprint, ease of maintenance, and credit towards LEED certification.Tel: 800-565-4801E-mail: [email protected]: www.imbriumsystems.com

Stormwater management

Imbrium Systems

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Stormceptor® MAX, licensed and man-ufactured by Lécuyer in Québec, was installed along Autoroute 40 to treat roadway runoff. The MAX is customized per site, and designed using the standard model Stormceptor principles. Its proven performance has been verified by ETV.Tel: 800-565-4801E-mail: [email protected]: www.imbriumsystems.com

Stormwater protection

Imbrium Systems

At IPEX, we understand the complexity of design and in-stallation for de-manding double containment ap-plications. Our double contain-ment systems include GuardianTM PVC and CPVC, Clear-GuardTM PVC, Drain-GuardTM PVC, EncaseTM PP, CustomGuard® FRP and metal systems, and Centra-GuardTM leak detection.Tel: 866-473-9462Web: www.ipexinc.com

Double containment and leak detection

IPEX

IPEX offers Xirtec®140 (PVC) and Cor-zan® (CPVC), a complete system of pipe, valves and fittings to meet the temperature, pressure and size requirements of piping systems used in chemical processes and other industrial applications. This is a long service, low maintenance alternative to common and exotic metal systems.Tel: 866-473-9462Web: www.ipexinc.com

Process piping systems

IPEX

The ACAT screw press is now available in North America exclusively through Kusters Water, a division of Kusters Zima Corporation. It is an efficient and reliable way of dewatering sludge. The slow rotational speed, low mainte-nance, noise level and energy consump-tion are significant advantages over other technologies.

Tel: 864-576-0660Web: www.kusterswater.com

Screw press

Kusters Water

Interpreter register

Master Meter’s Interpreter Regis-ter System, based on proven Dia-log® 3G technol-ogy, is a universal AMR upgrade that replaces the existing register

on almost any brand of meter in minutes, without service interruption. It delivers AMR technology without wires orconnections.Tel: 514-795-1535E-mail: [email protected]: www.mastermeter.com

Master Meter

Ultrasonic meter

Octave® offers the latest in ultrasonic metering technology and is an excellent alternative to mechanical compound, single-jet, and turbine meters with no moving parts. Octave excels at maintain-ing sustained accuracy for the life of the meter while providing smart AMRcapabilities.Tel: 514-795-1535E-mail: [email protected]: www.mastermeter.com

Master Meter MONITARIO Technical Services

MONITARIO builds flumes. It designs, fabricates, installs and certifies accuracy and has for over 25 years. The CAD/CAM process has simplified the task. Installations are easier and faster with crucial dimensions maintained. Accuracy is guaranteed. Tel: 519-748-8024 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.monitario.com

Primary element flumes

KSB Canada

KSB’s Amarex N submersible pumps are designed to min-imize total cost of ownership over their full life cycle. Leak-proof cable entries, one-piece housing, high-efficiency mo-tors and available non-clogging impel-lers all contribute to low-cost, trouble-free service in the most demanding operating environments.Tel: 905-568-9200, Fax: 905-568-3740 E-mail: [email protected]: www.ksbcanada.com

Low-maintenance submersible pumps

MSU Mississauga Ltd. is excited to an-nounce the launch of its new website and e-catalogue.

Check out this useful and informative site at www.msumississauga.com

Tel: 800-268-5336, Fax: 888-220-2213E-mail: [email protected]: www.msumississauga.com

MSU Mississauga

New website and e-catalogue

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine68 | November/December 2014 Pro

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Thousands of Ontario businesses are reducing capital costs for energy efficiency projects, shortening payback periods and lowering operating costs with the help of saveONenergy incentives. Get started on your next project.

E-mail: [email protected]: saveonenergy.ca/business

Ontario Power Authority

Get incentives for energy efficient upgrades

MSU MG Safety Hatches are the “open and shut case” for access hatches. They are manufactured to CSA standards right here in Canada by Canadian Welding Bureau certified welders.

Web: www.msumississauga.com

Access hatches

MSU Mississauga

The Invent Hyperclassic® mixer uses a high efficiency hyperboloid-shaped mixer body near the bot-tom of the tank, with a dry location, top mounted drive. Low energy, highly effective mixing of floc tanks, an-oxic zones, storage tanks, etc. Thousands of these highly efficient mixers have been installed worldwide.

Tel: (905) 864-9311Web: www.proaquasales.com

Pro Aqua

Mixing and aeration systems

Available in 17 models and 5 casing sizes, no-body offers a wider range of applica-tions. Simple, Rugged and Powerful Pumps. All wetted parts can be removed in-place, without removing piping, cou-pling, motor or pump.

Tel: (905) 864-9311Web: www.proaquasales.com

Borger rotary lobe pumps

Pro Aqua

Munro Span® Precast Bridges preserve natural streambeds and wildlife habitats while installing faster and lasting longer. They come in spans up to 16 m, with high quality, test fitted modules for set-in-place construction of bridges, and with skewed sections, wingwalls, headwalls, endwalls and footings. E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.munroltd.com/span

Precast bridges

Munro

Orival, Inc. has supplied thousands of water conserving automatic self-cleaning filtration systems, removing suspended solids, to a wide variety of global customers for nearly 30 years. Sizes range from ¾” to 24”, with filtration degrees down to 5 microns.

Tel: 201-568-3311, Fax: 201-568-1916 E-mail: [email protected]: www.orival.com

Filtration systems

Orival Water Filters Osprey Scientific

Horiba LAQUAtwin meters provide a quick and reliable measurement for pH, conductivity, sodium, potassium, nitrate, calcium, and salt, with only a single drop to the highly-sensitive, flat sensor technol-ogy. You can carry out water quality test-ing and sample in situ without the need for labware.

Tel: 1-800-560-4402, Fax: 1-877-820-9667E-mail: [email protected]: www.ospreyscientific.com

Water quality meters

ProMinent’s new CBR sensor, developed for accurate free chlorine measurement in water up to a 9.5 pH, installs easily and directly connects to ProMinent’s control-lers. This complements the company’s sensors for measuring parameters in drink-ing water and wastewater treatment.

Tel: 888-709-9933E-mail: [email protected]: www.prominent.ca

Free chlorine measurement

ProMinent Fluid Controls

The Delta® pump offers an option for chemicals that off-gas (like bleach, peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide). It senses when gas enters the dosing head and purges it to continue pump-ing without in-terruption. The Delta prevents air locked pumps.

Tel: 888-709-9933E-mail: [email protected]: www.prominent.ca

Diaphragm metering pump

ProMinent Fluid Controls

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Xylem

WEDECO Ozone Generators from Xylem eliminate pollutants, coloured substances, odours and micro-organisms without creating harmful byproducts. They are compact in design to reduce overall footprint, and provide reduced energy consumption per unit of ozone production.Tel: 514-695-0100, Fax: 514-697-0602Web: www.xylemwatersolutions.com/ca

Chemical-free water treatment

Grit removal system

Smith & Loveless

PISTA®Works™ is a packaged all in one headworks and grit removal scheme, offering a compact footprint and speedy/efficient installation. The system fea-tures a fully automated control system, an integrated screening system for solids retention, a PISTA® Grit Concentrator, a PISTA® TURBO™ Grit Washer and a PISTA® 360™ Grit Chamber.Tel: 913-888-5201, Fax: 913-888-2173E-mail: [email protected]: www.smithandloveless.com

Xylem

Xylem’s WEDECO ECORAY® ul-traviolet lamps offer significant savings in op-eration and life cycle costs. The UV lamps incorporate a new long-life coating and improved overall stability and performance. An innovative gas and amalgam mixture in the lamp utilizes up to 80 percent less mercury. Correspond-ing electronic ballast cards have been fine-tuned to the specific requirements of ECORAY lamp aging characteristics.Tel: 514-695-0100, Fax: 514-697-0602Web: www.xylemwatersolutions.com/ca

Amalgam UV lamps

Everyone claims to be number one, offering the best, but we know only the customers can determine that. We un-derstand that downtime hurts. Let us simplify your choice for complete drive automation. Our goals are to keep your uptime up and your downtime down. Make it SEW.

Tel: 905-791-1553E-mail: [email protected]: www.sewcan.ca

SEW Eurodrive

Drive automation

The Solinst CMT Multilevel System provides site assessors with detailed groundwater data from up to seven discrete zones in one well. CMT systems are inexpensive and easy to install. Their flexibility allows port locations and monitoring strategy to be finalized on site.

Tel: 905-873-2255, Fax: 905-873-1992E-mail: [email protected]: www.solinst.com

Flexible multilevel monitoring

Solinst Canada

The Waterra Clear PVC Eco-Bailer and Weighted Polyethylene EcoBailer are both eco-friendly products. A better weight distribution allows these bailers to sink straighter and the efficient valve design makes them the fastest sinking bailers available.

Tel: 905-238-5242, Fax: 905-238-5704E-mail: [email protected]: www.waterra.com

PVC or polyethylene

Waterra Pumps

The AP-2000 AQUAPROBE™ portable multiparameter probe gives you a choice! Supplied with five standard parameters (Optical DO, EC, pH, ORP & Temp), it also allows customization and includes an ion selec-tive electrode socket and an optical sensors electrode socket. A wide range of electrodes are available.Tel: 905-238-5242, Fax: 905-238-5704E-mail: [email protected]: www.waterra.com

Multi parameter probe

Waterra Pumps

The WSP-12V-5 Tornado® pump is capable of pumping up to 100 feet from ground level by simply connecting it to a 12 volt battery. Its reliable design is suit-able for continuous sampling and purging of groundwater wells.

Tel: 905-238-5242, Fax: 905-238-5704E-mail: [email protected]: www.waterra.com

Submersible pump

Waterra Pumps

Waterra Pumps

The Pegasus Alexis® Peristaltic Pump from Waterra is a self contained sampling station that includes all the best features of these devices. Packaged in the rugged Pelican™ 1430 case and incor-porating its own power supply and charger, this pump will keep you sampling in the field all day long. Tel: 905-238-5242, Fax: 905-238-5704E-mail: [email protected]: www.waterra.com

Peristaltic pumps


ES&E NEWSoe, Ontario. The technology, which was

featured in ES&E’s May 2013 issue,

uses stabilized hydrogen peroxide as an

alternative to chlorine-based water dis-

infection methods.

For all projects, visit: clean50.com/

top15-projects-2015

WEFTEC 2014 sets new record

Over 1,000 exhibitors filled the nearly

mile long exhibition hall in New Orleans

during WEFTEC 2014. A trolley service

ran during the show, ferrying attendees

and delegates around the 300,000 ft2.

Author and professor, Luke Williams,

from the Berkley Center for Entrepre-

neurship & Innovation at New York Uni-

versity, gave the keynote speech at the

opening general session. He encouraged

water professionals to adopt a noncon-

ventional approach to innovation leader-

ship, embracing what seem to be coun-

terintuitive solutions to problems.

Attendees were encouraged to learn

from the past but focus on the future

during the Great Water Cities Session.

Featuring opening remarks from EPA

Administrator Gina McCarthy, the panel

of water leaders from France, New Zea-

land, and New York shared examples of

how their cities are coping with natural

disasters, extreme weather events, and

future growth.

Co-located with WEFTEC was the

Stormwater Congress, which covered

pressing stormwater issues in four con-

current sessions and featured over 70

speakers.

Teams competing in the Operations

Challenge came from across North

America, with two teams from Ontario,

the OCWA Jets and the Sludge Ham-

mers representing Canada. Team Ter-

minal Velocity from the Virginia Water

Environment Association placed first

in Division I, continuing their winning

streak with a fifth consecutive title.

Next year’s show will be held in Chi-

cago, Illinois.

www.wef.org

Canada a global mining leader

During the 2014 Northwind Mining

Invitational Forum, the Canadian gov-

ernment highlighted its national and


High Pressure Water Jetting

Liquid/Dry Vacuum Services

Dry Ice Cleaning

Hydro Vac Excavating www.aquablast.ca

Markham, ON 905-747-8506

Vancouver, BC 604-251-5722

Edmonton, AB 780-455-4300

[email protected] www.bv.com

Email: [email protected] Web: www.cctatham.com

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tools and innovative technologies that the

research uncovered to help water utilities

across Australia manage odour and cor-

rosion issues within sewer systems.

It was conducted in conjunction with

an ongoing Water Environment Re-

search Foundation (WERF) ventilation

research program, and remains the larg-

est, worldwide research project focused

on sewer corrosion and odour.

The project has helped utilities save

hundreds of millions of dollars by maxi-

mizing the service life of sewer networks

in a proactive approach, by providing

utilities with a better understanding of

in-sewer processes that lead to sewer cor-

rosion and odour issues.

Canada to invest millions in fisheries water

infrastructureThe Government of Canada is pro-

viding $34.2 million over five years to

upgrade and renew salmon hatcheries

and spawning channels operated by the

federal government under the Salmonid

Enhancement Program.

This funding includes $13.8 million

to refurbish crucial water supply and

delivery systems at all 16 major salmon

hatcheries and many spawning chan-

nels, and $20.4 million to modernize

and refurbish aging infrastructure at

Bella Coola’s Snootli Creek Hatchery,

which serves the British Columbia cen-

tral coast.

The investments will renew infra-

structure that is, in many cases, 30 years

old. The work includes redeveloping

wells and installing new wells; repairing

and replacing water pumps; improving

water and energy efficiency; repairing

and replacing water valves, pipes and

water intake structures; and upgrading

monitoring systems. A reliable supply of

high-quality water is a critical element to

the successful production of salmon at

hatcheries and spawning channels.

news.gc.ca

Support for tidal power generation

After a successful feasibility study,

tidal power company Water Wall Tur-

bine has been selected to receive an ad-

ditional $1.5 million in funding through

the Clean Energy Fund.

ES&E NEWS


Engineers and Environmental Consultants

1-800-265-9662 www.rjburnside.com

E N V I R O N M E N T A L

10 Alden RoadMarkham, Ontario Canada L3R 2S1Tel: 905-475-1545Fax: 905-475-2021www.napier-reid.com

Package Water Treatment Plants/Gravity/Pressure/Membrane/Ion Exchange/GAC

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

ES&E NEWSThe Dent Island Tidal Power Gener-

ation Project involves an anchored float-

ing structure with a large slow-turning

turbine producing an expected 500-kW.

The scalable technology is almost twice

as efficient at energy extraction, com-

pared to a conventional propeller tur-

bine. According to Water Wall Turbine,

a single unit can extract up to 10 mW

from fast currents.

Under the ecoENERGY Innovation

Initiative, the Government of Canada

has already invested $300,000 to help

with the engineering and design require-

ments of the project.

Water Wall Turbine said it will be

first launching the turbine in Vancouver

in early 2015.

Waterfront Toronto to be North America’s largest

green building undertakingAt four times the size of Monaco,

the $4.4 billion, 1,977-acre, 40,000-res-

idence Toronto waterfront revitalization

project is intended to position the city

and province of Ontario as world lead-

ers in creating sustainable communities.

“Ontario has Canada’s greatest con-

centration of environmental and clean-

technology companies,” says Sean

Dyke, director, Southwestern Ontario

Marketing Alliance, and chair of OCTA.

According to the 2014 Canadian Clean

Technology Industry Report, 35 per cent

of clean-tech companies in Canada are

located in Ontario. It also generates 37

per cent of Canada’s GDP and is home

to nearly 50 per cent of all employees

in high-tech and knowledge-intensive

industries.

Waterfront Toronto’s Minimum Green

Building Requirements mandate high

performance buildings and technologies.

They include criteria such as on-site ener-

gy generation, water conservation, electric

vehicle infrastructure and bicycle storage

and parking.

Endress+Hauser and SPD Sales announce

partnershipSPD Sales Ltd. will now promote

Endress+Hauser products and services

within the municipal water/wastewater

market in southern Ontario.

This agreement builds on the success

both companies have experienced in this

market and will draw on synergies in-

herent between the two.

The partnership will provide en-

hanced coverage, proven technolo-

gies and combined capabilities. En-

dress+Hauser is the largest independent

manufacturer of instrumentation in the

world, with global manufacturing facili-

ties and over 12,000 associates.

SPD Sales Ltd. predominantly serves

southern Ontario. Customers outside

this region can continue to contact En-

dress+Hauser for eastern Ontario sales,

and Synergy Controls for northern On-

tario sales.

www.ca.endress.com

Ad

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IND

EX Company Page

ACG Technology ................................. 75

American Public University ................. 33

Associated Engineering ........................ 5

CALA ..................................................... 60

Chemline Plastics ................................ 50

CIMA Canada ....................................... 48

Denso .................................................. 12

Endress + Hauser ................................ 11

Engineered Pump................................. 22

Envirocan ........................................... 75

Greatario ........................................ 55, 60

H2Flow ................................................ 48

Hoskin Scientific ............................ 35, 51

Huber Technology .................................. 9

Hydro International .............................. 40

Indachem Inc. ...................................... 17

KG Services .......................................... 76

KSB Pumps .......................................... 41

Kusters Water ...................................... 37

Mantech .............................................. 28

Master Meter ........................................ 3

MSU Mississauga ................................ 21

Osprey Scientific .................................. 27

Parsons ................................................ 44

Pro Aqua............................................... 15

ProMinent ............................................... 2

Schneider Electric................................ 13

SEW-Eurodrive ..................................... 27

Smith & Loveless ................................. 39

Spill Management ................................ 53

Stantec ................................................. 43

Tank Connection .................................. 59

URS Canada ......................................... 46

USF Fabrication .................................... 22

VL Motion Systems Inc. ....................... 28

Waterloo Biofilter Systems .................. 50

Waterra Pumps .................. 19, 25, 31, 36

XCG Consultants .................................. 43

Xylem ..................................................... 7

74 | November/December 2014

www.envirocan.cawww.acgtechnology.com

22 mm 15 mmHydrINS 2

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• Several Thousand InsertionMagmeters Sold Worldwide

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• Up to 10 year battery life

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Documents

Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine November-December 2014