Ecosystems

consist of

studies interrelationships of

MatterCycling

Human Systems

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: CONCEPTS AND CONNECTIONS

interact with

Communities EnergyFlow

function through undergo

Change

consist of

Nonliving(Abiotic)Populations Living

(Biotic)

between primarilyfrom

Sunlight

through

Population DynamicsSuccessionEvolution

consist of

consist of

Physical FactorsChemical FactorsOrganisms

includes includes

ProducersConsumers

Decomposers

Resources

include

MatterResources

may be may be

Nonliving

Nonrenewable

includes

are

PotentiallyRenewable

includeprimarilydeterminedby

Minerals Air Water Soil

Living

provide

Land Systemsdeserts

grasslandsforests

Aquatic Systemsoceanslakes

streamswetlands

FoodResources Ecosystem Services

nutrient cyclingpest control

waste purificationgenetic material

Biodiversitygenes

speciesecosystems

Crops Livestock Fish

depend on

Climate Pest Control

may be

Biological Chemical(pesticides)

affects

EnergyResources

Renewabledirect sun

windbiomass

flowing waterconsist of

Nonrenewablefossil fuelnuclear

can sustain

can decrease

depletes

provide

meet needs and wants through

affect development of

Worldviews

Economics/Politics

Societies

Populations(size, density)

Environment/Human Health

Resource UseEcosystem Use

Preservation

Polluting

DegradationAir

WaterSoil

ManagementDoing

NothingPollutionControl

PollutionPreventionThrowaway

WasteManagement

WasteReduction

Loss ofBiodiversity

ClimateChange

StratosphericOzone Depletion

UnacceptableHealth Risk

developthroughdiffering

guide

influence

Unsustainable Sustainable

may be may be

maymay

Exceedcarrying capacity Stabilize Decline

affectqualityof

affected bystrategies of

includes includes includes

leading to

may be

Developed by Jane Heinze-Fry with assistance from G. Tyler Miller, Jr.(For assistance in creating your own concept maps, see the website for this book.)

includes

negatively affect positively affect

made of

Connections strongly influencingenvironmental quality

Negative Connections

Strongly Positive Connections

Moderately Positive Connections

Map 1. Overview

Map 2. Cultural Changes

Map 3B. Complex Systems: Structures and Behaviors

Map 3C. Matter and Energy Resources

pollution

Map 4B. Nutrient Cycles

Map 5. Evolution and Biodiversity: Origins, Niches, and Adaptation

Map 7. Aquatic Ecology

Map 8. Community Processes: Species Interactions and Succession

Map 12. Human Population: Growth, Demography, and Carrying Capacity

Map 23B. Sustaining Ecosystems: Deforestation, Biodiversity, and Forest Management

Map 22. Sustaining Wild Species

Map 10. Mineral and Soil Resources

Map 13. Food Resources

Map 20. Pest Control

Map 10. Mineral and Soil Resources

Map 15. Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Map 16. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Map 11. Risk, Toxicology, and Human Health

Map 17. Air Pollution

Map 18. Climate Change and Ozone Loss

Map 21. Solid and Hazardous Wastes

Map 25. Economics and Environment

GPI

environmentalindicators

Map 27. Environmental Worldviews, Ethics, and Sustainability