Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag … · Emulsifier Gum Rosin Coating Polyurethane Global GreenTag CertTM ... Environmental Product Declaration 16 03 2015 Polyflor

Environmental Product Declaration

This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) discloses potential environmental outcomes compliant with ISO 14025 for business to business communication. Design Luxury Vinyl Tile (LVT) resilient floor covering2015 with a 10 year warranty.

Figure 1 Expona Design LVT®

Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag CertTM

Compliant to ISO 14025

Homogeneous Expona Design

Polyflor is recognised globally as a leading manufacturer of high quality vinyl floor coverings.

It specialises in stylish durable and low maintenance flooring available in sheet, planks and tile.

In collaboration with industry partners, Polyflor is developing new products and technologies.

They are continually evaluating new ideas or alternatives tminimise environmental impacts.

The company strives to be an environmentally and economically sustainable business.

It reports annually on progress in key areas including energy efficiency, recycling, air quality, freight and packaging.

Polyflor is the founding member of Recofloor the vinyl flooring take-back scheme where used vinyl is collected and diverted from landfill to be recycled.

Socially aware, Polyflor has commitments to continuously improve life quality of their workforce and families as wthe larger community.

Polyflor’s factories are ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems certified.

Low emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) also enable a healthy indoor environment.

More information is at http://www.polyflor.com.au

This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) discloses potential environmental outcomes compliant with ISO 14025 for business to business communication. The declared unit is Homogeneous Ex

resilient floor covering/m2 made by Polyflor in UK

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Homogeneous Expona Design LVT ®

recognised globally as a leading manufacturer of high quality vinyl floor coverings.

It specialises in stylish durable and low maintenance flooring available in sheet, planks and tile.

In collaboration with industry partners, Polyflor is developing new products and technologies.

They are continually evaluating new ideas or alternatives that minimise environmental impacts.

The company strives to be an environmentally and economically sustainable business.

It reports annually on progress in key areas including energy efficiency, recycling, air quality, freight and packaging.

the founding member of Recofloor the vinyl flooring

back scheme where used vinyl is collected and diverted from landfill to be recycled.

Socially aware, Polyflor has commitments to continuously improve life quality of their workforce and families as well as the larger community.

Polyflor’s factories are ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems certified.

Low emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) also enable a healthy indoor environment.

More information is at http://www.polyflor.com.au

This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) discloses potential environmental outcomes compliant Homogeneous Expona UK in 2012 for sale to


16 03 2015 Polyflor EPD Expona Design LVT

Table of Contents

Heading

1. Details of This Declaration ................................

2. Product Characterisation ................................

3. Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ)

4. Base Material Origin and Detail

5. Packaging, Installation, Use & Disposal

6. Whole of life Performance ................................

7. Green Star® Certified Credits ................................

8. Results ................................................................

9. Verification of this Declaration ................................

10. Life Cycle Assessment Method

11. LCA System Phases ................................

12. Supply Chain Modelling ................................

13. Data Sources Representativeness and Quality

14. Assumptions for Supply Chain Modelling

15. References for this LCA & EPD

Different programme EPDs may not be comparableFurther and explanatory information is found at [email protected]




Polyflor EPD Expona Design [email protected]

................................................................................................

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3. Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ) ................................................................................................

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5. Packaging, Installation, Use & Disposal ..............................................................................................

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10. Life Cycle Assessment Method ................................................................................................

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13. Data Sources Representativeness and Quality ................................................................

14. Assumptions for Supply Chain Modelling ................................................................

15. References for this LCA & EPD ................................................................................................

may not be comparable e.g. Australia has more transport than elsewhere. Further and explanatory information is found at http://www.globalgreentag.com/[email protected] © This EPD remains the property of the Global GreenTag Pty Ltd

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e.g. Australia has more transport than elsewhere. http://www.globalgreentag.com/ or contact:

GreenTag Pty Ltd.



1. DETAILS OF THIS DECLARATION

Program Operator

GreenTag Global called Global GreenTag noted at www.globalgreentag

Reference PCR Complies with PCR FP;2014 Building

Time Made in 2012, sold from 2013

Geography Made in UK.

Application Interior residential, commercial

Functional unit Product acquisition,

Ecolabel Global GreenTag CertTM

LCARate Silver GreenRate Level A

2. PRODUCT CHARACTERISATION

Definition Homogeneous

Standard EN ISO 10582 Resilient floor coverings floor coverings

3. INDOOR ENVIRONMENT QUALITY (IEQ)

The products do not adversely affect IEQ. As a minimum they comply with TVOC emission limits of:

Total VOC The declared product has been tested to ASTMminimum with TVOC emissions limit of 0.5mg/m

Certified IEQ Meets Green Star®

Certified VOC GreenTag® GreenRate certificate demonstrates compliance to relevant Green Star® IEQ credits for VOC emissions of Indoor materials/products.

4. BASE MATERIAL ORIGIN AND DETAIL

Table 1 lists key components function, type, operations, source and mass percentage share

Table 1 Base Material %w/w Function Component Filler Limestone Binder Suspension PVC Plasticiser DiOctylTerePhthalateWear Film SPVC DOTP Print Film SPVC DOTP Dye Stabiliser Ca Zn Soap Pigments Carbon Black

Chromium Oxide

Iron Oxides Ti, Zn, Co, Ni Oxide

Emulsifier Gum Rosin Coating Polyurethane





IS DECLARATION

GreenTag Global Pty Ltd hereafter called Global GreenTag noted at www.globalgreentag.com

EPD Number PLFRE002

Date issue 29th July 2014

Validity 29th July 2017Complies with PCR FP;2014 Building Floor Cover Product

Made in 2012, sold from 2013 and used 20 years UK. Use is as for in Australasia.

residential, commercial & industrial floor covering. cquisition, manufacture, use & disposition/m2 Silver PLUS

GreenRate Level A

ATION

Homogeneous Expona Design LVT® resilient floor covering

EN ISO 10582 Resilient floor coverings – Heterogeneous poly(vinyl chloride) floor coverings - Specifications

QUALITY (IEQ)

not adversely affect IEQ. As a minimum they comply with TVOC emission limits of:

The declared product has been tested to ASTM D5116 and complies as a minimum with TVOC emissions limit of 0.5mg/m2/hour.

Meets Green Star® IEQ VOC credits for Flooring

GreenRate certificate demonstrates compliance to relevant Green Star® IEQ credits for VOC emissions of Indoor materials/products.

ORIGIN AND DETAIL

Table 1 lists key components function, type, operations, source and mass percentage share

Production (+All Pack Haulage)

OriginMine, Crush, Sieve, Pack, P. R. Extract, Chlorinate, Taiwan

DiOctylTerePhthalate Drill, Distil, Extract, P. R. Plasticise, Stabilise & TaiwanPlasticise, Stabilise, Dye, TaiwanMine, Farm, Extract, Refine, P. R. Drill, Refine, Burn, Extract, P. R. Mine, Extract, Precipitate,

P. R. Mine, Digest, Compound, P. R.

xides Mine, Digest, Compound, GlobalForestry, Tap, Extract & IndonesiaFarm, Drill, Extract, P. R.

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PLFRE002-002-2014 July 2014 July 2017

Heterogeneous poly(vinyl chloride)

not adversely affect IEQ. As a minimum they comply with TVOC emission limits of:

D5116 and complies as a

GreenRate certificate demonstrates compliance to relevant Green Star® IEQ credits for VOC emissions of Indoor materials/products.

Table 1 lists key components function, type, operations, source and mass percentage share (%w/w).

Origin Amount >55

Taiwan >20 >8.0

Taiwan >5.0 Taiwan >2.5

>0.2 >0.2 >0.2 >0.5

Global Indonesia >0.1

>0.1



5. PACKAGING, INSTALL ATION, USE & DISPOSA

Packaging Cardboard tubes and packaging paper

Service life Residential and commercial refits vary but 20 year life is assumed typical.

Health Safety & Environment

Apart from compliance to occupational and environmental laws no additional personal protection is considered essential.

Residual Scrap Mill off-cuts are reused. Installation

Cleaning & Maintenance

The recommended cleaning and health concerns. Care and maintenance guides are on company websites.

Scenario Weekly vacuuming or damp mopping with hot water and neutral detergent

Recycling Most mill scrap is re

Re-use Assumes 60% product is serviceable for reuse over 40 more years.

Disposal Assumes 30% is recycled. No i

6. WHOLE OF LIFE PERFORMANCE

Health Protection The product group 1, that warrants from the Ecospecifier Cautionary Assessment Process (ESCAP) and no issues or red light concerns exist

Environmental Protection

Continuous improvement under the maker’s certified ISO14001 EMS aims to avoid toxics, waste and pollution plus reduce their material and energy use.

Environmental Health Effects

Installed products areIEQ VOC credits for indoor environment quality credits. No other potential inuse impacts on environment or health are known.

7. GREEN STAR® CERTIFIED CREDITS

Products are relevant to the Green Buildinrequired this EPD is evidence the be used as evidence in Green Star® submissions GBCA recognised Global GreenTag GreenRate to meet the following credits

• Office Version (V) 3: IEQ-13:• Office Interiors V1.1:IEQ-11:• Retail Centre V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Education V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Healthcare V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Multi Unit Residential V1: IEQ• Industrial V1: IEQ-8: Volatile• Interiors V1: Sustainable Products,• Public Building V1: IEQ-8: • Design & as Built V1: Sustainable

GBCA Disclaimer

Green Star® is a registered mark of the Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA). Assessments shall not be reproduced in part at any time. Rating Tools and Technical Manuals are subject to change by the GBCA. This EPD constitutes a Technical Opinion and its agents. Technical details of credit requirements





ATION, USE & DISPOSA L

Cardboard tubes and packaging paper

Residential and commercial refits vary but 20 year life is assumed typical.

Apart from compliance to occupational and workplace health safety and environmental laws no additional personal protection is considered essential.

cuts are reused. Installation scrap of 5% is assumed

The recommended cleaning and maintenance raises no ecosystem or human health concerns. Care and maintenance guides are on company websites.

Weekly vacuuming or damp mopping with hot water and neutral detergent

scrap is recycled into new product.

Assumes 60% product is serviceable for reuse over 40 more years.

Assumes 30% is recycled. No incineration is assumed as it is

ORMANCE

The product contains minimal Titanium Dioxide that if inhaled acts as IARC group 1, that warrants human health concern cradle to grave. It is excluded

the Ecospecifier Cautionary Assessment Process (ESCAP) and no issues or red light concerns existed for product human or ecological toxicity.


Installed products are certified as having VOC’s compliant with Green Star® IEQ VOC credits for indoor environment quality credits. No other potential inuse impacts on environment or health are known.

IED CREDITS

Products are relevant to the Green Building Council of Australia’s (GBCA) Green Star® scheme. his EPD is evidence the declared product meets the following Green Star® credits

Green Star® submissions for those credits. The product isognised Global GreenTag GreenRate to meet the following credits for Green Star

13: Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpets & Flooring11: Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpets & Flooring,Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpet & Flooring

Volatile Organic Compounds: Carpet & Flooring, Mat-Volatile Organic Compounds: Flooring, Mat-11: Flooring

IEQ-8: Volatile Organic Compounds: Flooring, MatVolatile Organic Compounds: Carpet & Flooring

Products, Responsible Building Materials, Indoor Pollutants Volatile Organic Compounds: Flooring, Mat-11: Flooring

Sustainable Products, Responsible Building Material,

Green Star® is a registered mark of the Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA). Assessments shall not be reproduced in part at any time. Rating Tools and Technical Manuals are subject to change

This EPD constitutes a Technical Opinion and as such is not endorsed by the GBCA or redit requirements are provided in Green Star® Technical Manuals.

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Residential and commercial refits vary but 20 year life is assumed typical.

workplace health safety and environmental laws no additional personal protection is considered essential.

scrap of 5% is assumed to go to landfill.

maintenance raises no ecosystem or human health concerns. Care and maintenance guides are on company websites.

Weekly vacuuming or damp mopping with hot water and neutral detergent

Assumes 60% product is serviceable for reuse over 40 more years.

assumed as it is rare in Australia

contains minimal Titanium Dioxide that if inhaled acts as IARC alth concern cradle to grave. It is excluded

the Ecospecifier Cautionary Assessment Process (ESCAP) and no uman or ecological toxicity.


certified as having VOC’s compliant with Green Star® IEQ VOC credits for indoor environment quality credits. No other potential in-

g Council of Australia’s (GBCA) Green Star® scheme. If Green Star® credits. It may

product is certified by for Green Star®:

Flooring Flooring, Mat-2:Flooring

-11: Flooring Flooring

Mat-11: Flooring

Pollutants Flooring , Indoor Pollutants

Green Star® is a registered mark of the Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA). Assessments shall not be reproduced in part at any time. Rating Tools and Technical Manuals are subject to change

is not endorsed by the GBCA or Green Star® Technical Manuals.



8. RESULTS

Table 2 shows the product Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Eco

Table 2 Potential Impact ResultsEvaluation CategoryProduct mass EcoIndicator 99 Embodied Water Carbon Dioxide EmissionsGross Energy and FeedstockRenewable Primary EnergyEcosystem Quality DamagesHuman Health DamagesOzone Depletion Acidification Eutrophication Fossil Fuel DepletionMineral Resource

Table 3 shows product Global GreenTag Sustainability Assessment Criteria (SAC) Scores prior to weighting and subsequently used to determine the GreenTagscore shows fewer impacts and damages and greater benefits for environmental and social outcomes. SAC scores are normalised against products

• 1.0 = worst base business as • 0.0 = neutral no improvement and • -1.0= net positive benefit

Table 3 GreenTag EcoPOINT Category PotentialBuilding SynergyHealth & EcotoxicityBiodiversity LCA Score Greenhouse EmissionSocial ResponsibilityGreenTag EcoPOINT

9. VERIFICATION OF THIS DECLARATION

This EPD was approved on March 16

Role Signature

LCA Review

PCR Review Chair

Internal EPD Review

1 where e= equivalent 2 http://www.ecospecifier.com.au/knowledge





Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Eco-Indicator 99 results

Potential Impact Results /m2 Evaluation Category Unit Result

kg/m2 5.2 ecopoint 1.07 kl

Carbon Dioxide Emissions kg CO2e1

and Feedstock MJ Renewable Primary Energy MJ Ecosystem Quality Damages PDF*m2*yr 1.6EHuman Health Damages DALY 1.8E

kg R11e 2.3Ekg SO2e kg PO4

3-e 0.01

Fossil Fuel Depletion MJsurplus 13.2Mineral Resource MJsurplus 0.02

Global GreenTag Sustainability Assessment Criteria (SAC) Scores prior to used to determine the GreenTag EcoPOINT2. For sustainability a lower

score shows fewer impacts and damages and greater benefits for environmental and social SAC scores are normalised against products that perform the same function

1.0 = worst base business as usual (BAU) 0.0 = neutral no improvement and

EcoPOINT & SAC Scores/m 2 Category Potential Results (- 1 to +1)Building Synergy 1.00Health & Ecotoxicity 0.25

0.491.00

Greenhouse Emission 0.88Social Responsibility 0.20GreenTag EcoPOINT 0.60

HIS DECLARATION

March 16th 2015 according to the requirements of ISO14025 8.1.3b.

Signature Name Position

Shloka Ashar Global GreenTag Lead Auditor

Delwyn Jones Evah Institute CEO & Assessment Director

David Baggs Global GreenTag CEO & Program Director

http://www.ecospecifier.com.au/knowledge-green/glossary.aspx#greentagecopoint

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for 20 years of use.

Result 5.20 1.07 380 14

269 27

E-04 E-03 E-09

0.6 0.01 13.2 0.02

Global GreenTag Sustainability Assessment Criteria (SAC) Scores prior to . For sustainability a lower

score shows fewer impacts and damages and greater benefits for environmental and social that perform the same function and result of:

1 to +1) 1.00

0.25 0.49 1.00 0.88 0.20 0.60

2015 according to the requirements of ISO14025 8.1.3b.

Global GreenTag Lead Auditor

Assessment Director

Global GreenTag CEO & Program Director



10. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT METHOD

LCA Author The Evah Institute as described at www.evah.com.au

Study Period Factory data was collected from 2012 to 2014

Scope Cradle to grave

LCA Method Compliant with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 Standards

LCIA method EcoIndicator 99 Life Cycle Impact (LCIA) Assessment

Quality Control Systems, methods and deach time they are

System Boundaries

The LCA covers all operations in the system boundary depicted in Figure 2. It includes water, product as well as after sale delivery. Some background operations are not shown but all known operations were tracked from the cradle and included to the grave.

Phases The study covered all fuel use, power generation, scrap recovery, manufacture, packing, freight, installation, use, disposal plus dispatch for reuse, recycling, landfill and recovery.

Processes All known processes are acquisition, power generation, manufacture, transport, installation and landfill. All waste and emissions for depicted product intermediates and supply chain operations shown in Figure 3 are included as well

Scenarios Use, cleaning, maintenance plus disposition and reusing Facility Management Association denoted and published typical operations.

Assumptions Use is to typical Australian Facility

11. LCA SYSTEM PHASES

All cradle to grave phases and stages that the LCA covered are depicted in Figure

Figure 2 Phases and Stages Cradle to Grave





METHOD

Institute as described at www.evah.com.au

Factory data was collected from 2012 to 2014

Cradle to grave

Compliant with ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 Standards

EcoIndicator 99 Life Cycle Impact (LCIA) Assessment

Systems, methods and databases are audited by external certifiersthey are updated with new project information.

The LCA covers all operations in the system boundary depicted in Figure 2. It includes water, waste and emissions for all intermediates used to make and pack product as well as after sale delivery. Some background operations are not shown but all known operations were tracked from the cradle and included to the grave.

The study covered all known stages and phases including resource acquisition, fuel use, power generation, scrap recovery, manufacture, packing, freight, installation, use, disposal plus dispatch for reuse, recycling, landfill and recovery.

All known processes are included for water, fuel & energy use, resource acquisition, power generation, manufacture, transport, installation and landfill. All waste and emissions for depicted product intermediates and supply chain operations shown in Figure 3 are included as well as all background operations.

Use, cleaning, maintenance plus disposition and re-use were scenariousing Facility Management Association denoted and published typical operations.

Use is to typical Australian Facility Management professional practice.

All cradle to grave phases and stages that the LCA covered are depicted in Figure 2

Phases and Stages Cradle to Grave

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atabases are audited by external certifiers

The LCA covers all operations in the system boundary depicted in Figure 2. It waste and emissions for all intermediates used to make and pack

product as well as after sale delivery. Some background operations are not shown but all known operations were tracked from the cradle and included to the grave.

known stages and phases including resource acquisition, fuel use, power generation, scrap recovery, manufacture, packing, freight, installation, use, disposal plus dispatch for reuse, recycling, landfill and recovery.

included for water, fuel & energy use, resource acquisition, power generation, manufacture, transport, installation and landfill. All waste and emissions for depicted product intermediates and supply chain

as all background operations.

use were scenario-based using Facility Management Association denoted and published typical operations.

Management professional practice.

2.



12. SUPPLY CHAIN MODELLI NG

Industry supply chain databases cover all known

Processes to acquire, refine, transport, fabricatmasonry, ceramic, timber, glass, plastic and composite

These include those of:

• Mining, extracting and refining resources to make commodities and p• Acquiring, cultivating, harvest• Fuel production to supply power and process energy and • Chemicals use in processing r• Process energy, fuel and freight• Use, cleaning, recoating, repair, • Infrastructure process energy transform

They exclude scope 3 burdens from:

• Building capital facilities, churn updates and equipment; Noise and dehydration as well as• Incidental activities and travel of employees engaged on

A flow chart in Figure 3 shows key product supply chain operations from cradle to disposition.

Figure 3 Major Product Operations





NG

cover all known domestic and global scope 1 and 2

, transport, fabricate, coat, use, clean, repair, reuse and disposmasonry, ceramic, timber, glass, plastic and composites are modelled.

refining resources to make commodities and packagingharvesting, extracting, refining produce and biomass;

Fuel production to supply power and process energy and freight; in processing resources, intermediates and ancillaries;

freight of resources, intermediates and ancillaries;Use, cleaning, recoating, repair, recycling, re-use and landfill, as well as

energy transformed and material wear loss e.g. tyres

They exclude scope 3 burdens from:

Building capital facilities, churn updates and equipment; Noise and dehydration as well asIncidental activities and travel of employees engaged on-site in production facilities.

chart in Figure 3 shows key product supply chain operations from cradle to disposition.

Figure 3 Major Product Operations

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cope 1 and 2 operations.

reuse and dispose of metal,

ackaging; biomass;

ncillaries;

tyres.

Building capital facilities, churn updates and equipment; Noise and dehydration as well as site in production facilities.

chart in Figure 3 shows key product supply chain operations from cradle to disposition.



13. DATA SOURCES REPRESENTATIVENESS AND QU

Metadata on corporate locations, logistics and technologyshare, management systems, standards and commitment to improThe data employed for modelling the state of art of each operation includes

• technology sequences • energy and water use • landfill and effluent plus

Primary data has been sourced from clients, Background data is sourced fromFranklin Associates, Boustead 6, model databases. Information about

• Supply chain mills, their technical • Manufacturers development license applications, specifications, w• Library, document, NPI and web • Global Industry Association

As most sources do not provide estimates of accuracy a pedigree matrix of uncertainty estimates to 95% confidence levels of Geometric Standard DeviationData sets with uncertainties in any of these qualities greater than

Table 4 Data Quality Uncertainty (U) Metric σg U ±0.01 Temporal Post 2013 Duration >3yr Data Source Process Technology Actual Reliability on Site Audit Precision to Process Geography Process True of the Process Sites cover of >50% Sample size >66% trend Cut-off mass 0.01% Consistent to ±0.01 Reproducible >98% confidenceCertainty Very High

The Evah databases exist in top zones oQuality control methods are applied to ensure:

• Coverage of place in time with all information• Consistency to Evah guidelines• Completeness of modelling• Plausibility in 2 way checks of LCI input and output flows • Mathematical correctness of all calculations

Electricity supply models in the active databases are updated annually. As each project is modelledthe systems and databases are updated

3 Evah Institute data quality control system 4 Jones D G (2004) LCI Database for Australian Commercial Building Report 20015 Evah Tools, Databases and Methodology





SENTATIVENESS AND QUALITY

locations, logistics and technology used is documented along withshare, management systems, standards and commitment to improved environmental performance

employed for modelling the state of art of each operation includes all known:

• reliance on raw and recycle• high and reduced process emissions• freight and distribution systems

from clients, their Annual Reports and research papersfrom the International Energy Agency, IBISWorld

Franklin Associates, Boustead 6, Plastics Europe, CML2, Simapro 8, EcoInvent 3. Information about manufacturers’ operations is also sourced from:

echnical manuals, corporate annual reports and sector development license applications, specifications, websites;

and web searches, review papers, building manualsAssociation and Government reports on Best Available Technology (BAT).

As most sources do not provide estimates of accuracy a pedigree matrix of uncertainty estimates to 95% confidence levels of Geometric Standard Deviation2 (σg) is used to define qualityData sets with uncertainties in any of these qualities greater than >±30% are not used.

Table 4 Data Quality Uncertainty (U) for 2014 U ±0.05 U ±0.10 U ±0.20 Post 2009 Post 2005 Post 2000 3yr 2yr 1yr Line Plant Corporate Comparable Within Class ConventionalExpert verify Region Report Sector ReportLine Plant Company Line Plant Nation Mill Company Group >25% >10% >5% >25% trend >10% batch >5% batch 0.05% 0.1% 0.5% <±0.05 <±0.10 <±0.20

>98% confidence >95% >90% >80% High Typical Poor

The Evah databases exist in top zones of commercial global modelling and calculating enginesethods are applied to ensure:

with all information4 for each dataset noted, checkedguidelines5 for all process technology, transport and energy demand;

modelling based on in-house reports, literature and industrychecks of LCI input and output flows of data checked for

Mathematical correctness of all calculations in mass and energy balance cross

in the active databases are updated annually. As each project is modelledupdated and audited by external certifiers

accords with UNEP SETAC Global LCI Database Quality 2010 GuidelinesJones D G (2004) LCI Database for Australian Commercial Building Report 2001-006-B-15 Icon.net, AustraliaEvah Tools, Databases and Methodology Queensland, Australia at http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html

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ocumented along with market ved environmental performance.

all known:

eliance on raw and recycled material process emissions

freight and distribution systems

Annual Reports and research papers since 1995. World, USGS Minerals,

3 and NREL USLCI anufacturers’ operations is also sourced from:

ector experts;

nuals and Best Available Technology (BAT).

As most sources do not provide estimates of accuracy a pedigree matrix of uncertainty estimates to quality as in Table 43.

30% are not used.

U ±0.30 Pre 1999 <1yr Sector

Conventional Within Sector Sector Report Academic

Industry Continent Industry <5%

Academic 1% <±0.30 <70% Unused >±0.30

calculating engines.

checked and updated; gy, transport and energy demand;

house reports, literature and industry reviews; data checked for validity, plus

in mass and energy balance cross checks.

in the active databases are updated annually. As each project is modelled

2010 Guidelines 15 Icon.net, Australia

http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html



14. ASSUMPTIONS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN MODELLING

Industry sector inventory data is also developed to represent business as usualpractices with operations covering industry supply chains and Environmental performance is evaluated across sectorsinfrastructure, manufacture and other processbuilding sector rules and Evah assumptions applied are defined in Table

Table 5 Scope Boundaries Assumptions and MetadataQuality/Domain National including Import and ExportProcess Model Typical industry practice with currently most common or best (BAT) technologyResource flows Regional data for resource mapping, fuels, energy, electricity and logisticsTemporal Project data was Geography Designated client, site, regional, national, Representation Designated client, their suppliers and energy supply chains back to the cradleConsistency Model all operations by knTechnology Pacific Rim Industry SupplyFunctional Unit Typical product usage with cleaning& disposal/mSystem Control Primary Sources Clients and suppliersOther Sources IEA 2014, GGTData mix Power grid and renewableOperational Company data for process performance, product share, waste and emissionsLogistics Local data is used for power, fuel mix, water supply, logistics share & capacityNew Data Entry Evah Institute 2014; Global Green Tag Researchers 2014;IBIS 201Data Generator Manufacturers, Data Publisher The Evah Institute Pty Ltd to Global GreenTag and designated Persons input All contributors cited in EData Flow & Mix System Boundary Earth’s cradle of all resource & emission flows to end of use, fitout or build lifeSystem flows All known from and to air, land, water and community Capital inclusions Natural stocksArid Practice Dry technology adopted, Water use is factored by 0.1 as for e.g. MiningTransportation Distance >20% than EU; >20% fuel efficieIndustrial Company or iMining All raw material extraction is based on Australian or Pacific Rim technologyImported fuel Mix is from nearest sources Finishes Processing inputs with finishing burdens are factored in. If not that is denotedValidation Accuracy 10th generation study is ± 5 to 15% uncertain due to some background dataCompleteness All significant operations are tracked and documented from the cradlePrecision Tracking of >90% flows appliAllocation %100 to co products on reaction stoichiometry by energetic or massBurdens All resource use from & emissions to community air land, water are includedPlausibility Results are checked and benchmarked against BAT, Sensitivity Calculated U is reported & compared to libraries of Bath U RICE & EcoInventValidity Checks Are made versus Plastics Europe, Ecobilan, GaBi &





PPLY CHAIN MODELLING

also developed to represent business as usual as well as BATing industry supply chains and infrastructure in Australia and overseas.

nce is evaluated across sectors by mining, farming, fishery, forestre and other process technology type plus their license conditions.

assumptions applied are defined in Table 5.

Table 5 Scope Boundaries Assumptions and Metadata National including Import and Export Typical industry practice with currently most common or best (BAT) technologyRegional data for resource mapping, fuels, energy, electricity and logisticsProject data was collated from 2011 to 2014 Designated client, site, regional, national, Pacific Rim then European jurisdictionDesignated client, their suppliers and energy supply chains back to the cradleModel all operations by known given operations with closest proximityPacific Rim Industry Supply Chain Technology typical of 2012Typical product usage with cleaning& disposal/m2 over the set year service life

suppliers mills, publications, websites, specifications & manualsGGT 2014, Boustead 2013, Simapro 2014, IBIS 2013,

rid and renewable shares updated to latest IEA 2014Company data for process performance, product share, waste and emissionsLocal data is used for power, fuel mix, water supply, logistics share & capacityEvah Institute 2014; Global Green Tag Researchers 2014;IBIS 201Manufacturers, Evah Institute 2014; GGT 2014; Meta: IBIS 2012, OtherThe Evah Institute Pty Ltd to Global GreenTag and designated

contributors cited in Evah & Global GreenTag records or websites

Earth’s cradle of all resource & emission flows to end of use, fitout or build lifeAll known from and to air, land, water and community sources & sinksNatural stocks∆, industry stockpiles∆, capital wear ∆, system losses and useDry technology adopted, Water use is factored by 0.1 as for e.g. MiningDistance >20% than EU; >20% fuel efficient larger vehicles, load & distanceCompany or industry sector data for manufacturing and minerals involvedAll raw material extraction is based on Australian or Pacific Rim technologyMix is from nearest sources e.g. North Sea, UAE, SE Asia, Canada Processing inputs with finishing burdens are factored in. If not that is denoted

generation study is ± 5 to 15% uncertain due to some background datasignificant operations are tracked and documented from the cradle

Tracking of >90% flows applies a 90:10 rule sequentially to 99.9% %100 to co products on reaction stoichiometry by energetic or massAll resource use from & emissions to community air land, water are includedResults are checked and benchmarked against BAT, BAU & Calculated U is reported & compared to libraries of Bath U RICE & EcoInventAre made versus Plastics Europe, Ecobilan, GaBi & or Industry LCA Literature

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s well as BAT infrastructure in Australia and overseas.

, farming, fishery, forestry, freight, their license conditions. Australian

Typical industry practice with currently most common or best (BAT) technology Regional data for resource mapping, fuels, energy, electricity and logistics

Rim then European jurisdiction Designated client, their suppliers and energy supply chains back to the cradle

own given operations with closest proximity Chain Technology typical of 2012 to 2015

over the set year service life

, specifications & manuals 2013, EcoInvent 2014,

2014 reports Company data for process performance, product share, waste and emissions Local data is used for power, fuel mix, water supply, logistics share & capacity Evah Institute 2014; Global Green Tag Researchers 2014;IBIS 2014

Meta: IBIS 2012, Other pre 2014 The Evah Institute Pty Ltd to Global GreenTag and designated client only

or websites

Earth’s cradle of all resource & emission flows to end of use, fitout or build life sources & sinks

, system losses and use Dry technology adopted, Water use is factored by 0.1 as for e.g. Mining

nt larger vehicles, load & distance ndustry sector data for manufacturing and minerals involved

All raw material extraction is based on Australian or Pacific Rim technology UAE, SE Asia, Canada or Russia

Processing inputs with finishing burdens are factored in. If not that is denoted

generation study is ± 5 to 15% uncertain due to some background data significant operations are tracked and documented from the cradle to grave

to 99.9% and beyond %100 to co products on reaction stoichiometry by energetic or mass fraction All resource use from & emissions to community air land, water are included

& worst practice Calculated U is reported & compared to libraries of Bath U RICE & EcoInvent 3

Industry LCA Literature



15. REFERENCES FOR THIS LCA & EPD

Australian & New Zealand (ANZECC) Guidelines For Fresh & Marine Water Qualityhttp://www.environment.gov.au/water/quality/national

Basel Convention (2011) Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastehttp://www.basel.int/portals/4/basel%20convention/docs/text/ba

Boustead (2014) Model 6 LCI database

EcoInvent (2014) LCI Model 3 database

Evah (2015) LCA Tools, Database

Franklin Associates (2014) US LCI Datab

GreenTag™ Certification (2015) http://www2.ecospecifier.org/services_

GreenTag™ (2015) Product Category Rules

Jones D., Mitchell. P. & Watson P. (2004) LCI Database for AustralianReport 2001-006-B-15, Sustainable Built Assets, CRC for Construction Innovation

Jones D.G et al. (2009) Chapter 3: Material Environmental LCA in Newton P et al., (eds) Design & Process Innovation in the Built Environment

IBISWorld (2014) Market Research,

International Energy Agency (2014) Energy Statistics ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Systems RequirementsISO 14001:2004 Environmental management syISO 14004:2004 EMS: General guidelines on principles, systems & support techniquesISO 14015:2001 EMS: Environmental assessment of sites & organizations (EASO)ISO 14020:2000 Environmental labels & declarations ISO 14024:2009 Environmental labels & declarations ISO 14025:2006 Environmental labellingISO 14031:1999 EM: Environmental performance evaluation: GuidISO 14040:2006 EM: Life cycle assessment (LCA): Principles & frameworkISO 14044:2006 EM: LCA: Requirement & guidelineISO 14064:2006 EM: Greenhouse GasesISO 15392:2008 Sustainability in building ISO 15686-1:2011 Buildings & constructed assets Service life planningISO 15686-2:2012 Buildings & constructed assets ISO 15686-8:2008 Buildings & constructed assets ISO 21929-1:2011 Sustainability in building construction Sustainability indicators Part 1: FrameworkISO 21930:2007 Building construction: Sustainability, Environmental declaration of building productsISO/TS 21931-1:2010 Sustainability in building constructionISO 21932:2013 Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works

Plastics Europe (2014) Portal http://www.plasticseurope.org/plastics

Pre (2014) SimaPro 8 Software, The

Roache S. K. (2012) IMF Report WP/12/115 http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12115.pdf

UNEP (2014) Persistent Organic Pollutants

USLCI (2014) Life-Cycle Inventory Database

U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals

US EPA (2014) Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin like Compounds in U.S http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=20797





S LCA & EPD

ANZECC) Guidelines For Fresh & Marine Water Qualityhttp://www.environment.gov.au/water/quality/national-water-quality-management-stra

Basel Convention (2011) Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastehttp://www.basel.int/portals/4/basel%20convention/docs/text/baselconventiontext-e.pdf

LCI database http://www.boustead-consulting.co.uk/publicat.htm

Model 3 database http://www.ecoinvent.ch/ EcoInvent, Switzerland

Tools, Databases & Methodology at http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html

US LCI Database http://www.fal.com/index.html Eastern Research Group

http://www2.ecospecifier.org/services_offered/greentag_certification

roduct Category Rules http://www.globalgreentag.com/greentag

Watson P. (2004) LCI Database for Australian Commercial Building Material: 15, Sustainable Built Assets, CRC for Construction Innovation

Jones D.G et al. (2009) Chapter 3: Material Environmental LCA in Newton P et al., (eds) Design & Process Innovation in the Built Environment, Taylor & Francis, UK

) Market Research, http://www.ibisworld.com.au/ IBISWorld Australia

International Energy Agency (2014) Energy Statistics http://www.iea.org/countries/membercountries/ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Systems Requirements ISO 14001:2004 Environmental management systems: Requirements with guidance for useISO 14004:2004 EMS: General guidelines on principles, systems & support techniquesISO 14015:2001 EMS: Environmental assessment of sites & organizations (EASO)

Environmental labels & declarations — General principles ISO 14024:2009 Environmental labels & declarations -- Type I Principles & procedures

2006 Environmental labelling & declarations Type III EPDs Principles & ISO 14031:1999 EM: Environmental performance evaluation: Guidelines ISO 14040:2006 EM: Life cycle assessment (LCA): Principles & framework

M: LCA: Requirement & guideline for data review: LCI; LCIA, Interpretation results2006 EM: Greenhouse Gases: Organisation & Project reporting, Validation & verification

Sustainability in building construction General principles Buildings & constructed assets Service life planning Part 1: General principlesBuildings & constructed assets Service life (SL) planning Part 2: prediction Buildings & constructed assets SL planning Part 8: Reference & estimationSustainability in building construction Sustainability indicators Part 1: Framework

Building construction: Sustainability, Environmental declaration of building productsSustainability in building construction: Framework for assessment,

ISO 21932:2013 Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works -- A review of terminology

http://www.plasticseurope.org/plastics-sustainability/eco

The Netherlands http://www.pre-sustainability.com/simapro

WP/12/115 China’s Impact on World Commodity Markets http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12115.pdf International Monetary Fund

) Persistent Organic Pollutants http://www.chem.unep.ch/pops/ The UN

nventory Database https://www.lcacommons.gov/nrel/search

U.S. Geological Survey National Minerals http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/

) Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin like Compounds in U.S http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=20797 p 1-38, 6-9, USA

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ANZECC) Guidelines For Fresh & Marine Water Quality (2000) strategy

Basel Convention (2011) Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste & Disposal e.pdf

consulting.co.uk/publicat.htm USA & UK

coInvent, Switzerland

http://www.evah.com.au/tools.html

Eastern Research Group US

offered/greentag_certification

http://www.globalgreentag.com/greentag-epd-program

Commercial Building Material:

Jones D.G et al. (2009) Chapter 3: Material Environmental LCA in Newton P et al., (eds) Technology,

IBISWorld Australia

http://www.iea.org/countries/membercountries/

stems: Requirements with guidance for use ISO 14004:2004 EMS: General guidelines on principles, systems & support techniques

Type I Principles & procedures & procedures

Interpretation results Validation & verification

Part 1: General principles Part 2: prediction

& estimation Sustainability in building construction Sustainability indicators Part 1: Framework

Building construction: Sustainability, Environmental declaration of building products assessment, Part 1:

A review of terminology

sustainability/eco-profiles.aspx

sustainability.com/simapro-manuals

China’s Impact on World Commodity Markets International Monetary Fund

The UN

https://www.lcacommons.gov/nrel/search, USA

/country/ USA

) Database of Sources of Environmental Releases of Dioxin like Compounds in U.S

Documents

Environmental Product Declaration Global GreenTag … · Emulsifier Gum Rosin Coating Polyurethane Global GreenTag CertTM ... Environmental Product Declaration 16 03 2015 Polyflor