Environmental Monitoring Report...The results of environmental compliance and impact confirmation monitoring together with complaints, non-compliances (if any) and responses are monitored

Environmental Monitoring Report Semestral Report Project Number: 39431-013 August 2014

SRI: Colombo Port Expansion Project

Prepared by the Sri Lanka Ports Authority, Government of Sri Lanka for the Asian Development Bank.

COLOMBO PORT EXPANSION PROJECT

SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT

JULY TO DECEMBER 2012

March 2013 1


SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT


March 2013

2

SRI LANKA PORTS AUTHORITY


HARBOUR INFRASTRUCTURE WORKS

ENGINEER’S REPRESENTATIVE’S

SEMIANNUAL

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT


CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 15 March 2013)

Currency unit – Indian rupees (INR/Rs) INR1.00 = $.018479

$1.00 = INR 54.15500

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB — Asian Development Bank

CCD — Coast Conservation Department SLPA — Sri Lanka Ports Authority

NBRO — National Building Research Organization

NARA — National Aquatic Resources Agency

FD — Fisheries Department MEPA — Marine Environmental Protection Agency

EIAR — Environmental Impact Assessment Report GSMB — Geological Survey and Mines Bureau

EMP — Environmental Management Plan

BEMR — Biannual Environmental Monitoring Report IEER — Initial Environmental Examination Report EAR — Environmental Assessment Report CSH — Colombo South Harbour CWA — Contractor’s Working Area

IWA — Initial Working Area

LoP — Contractor’s Loading Out Point TSHD — Trailer Suction Hopper Dredger BOD — Biochemical Oxygen Demand

COD — Chemical Oxygen Demand

DO — Dissolve Oxygen

SSC — Suspended Sediment Concentration

TSS — Total Suspended Sediment AIS — Automatic Information System

GSMB — Geological Survey and Mines Bureau

PLEM — Pipeline End Manifold

LTV — Lower Trigger Value (Determine to provide ecosystem protection to 95% of the existing status adopting ANXECC, 2000 guidelines as per the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005)

HTV — Higher Trigger Value (Determine to provide 80% of protection level as

above described) RV — Reference Value (Measured level of constituent at the same location

for base line survey in 2004 as given in the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005)

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

COLOMBO PORT EXPANSION PROJECT SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT JULY TO DECEMBER 2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 5

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................. 6

2.1 Current Progress of Works 6

2.2. Project Organisation 7

2.3. Status of Relevant Permits and Licenses 7

3. COMPLIANCE MONITORING ............................................................................................ 8

3.1. Site Audit Based Monitoring 8

3.2 Impact Measurement Based Monitoring 12

4. IMPACT CONFIRMATION MONITORING........................................................................ 13

4.1 Monitoring Requirements 13

4.2 Permissible or Action Limits 13

4.3 Monitoring Results 13

5. ISSUES ............................................................................................................................. 16

5.1 Lapses in mitigation 16

5.2 Complaints 17

6. CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................ 19

REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 20

ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................... 20

Annex I

Project Organization on Environmental Management and Monitoring. 21

Annex II

Summary of Requirement and Progress of Impacts and Compliance monitoring at Works. 23

Annex III

Compliance Monitoring 27

Annex IV

Impact Confirmation Monitoring 43

Annex V

The distribution of rock supply quarries to the Port site 49

Annex VI

Quarried rock supply dump truck routes within Colombo City 50

Annex VI

The Contractor’s Revised Plan to Withdraw Temporary Structures at the Loading out Point 51

Annex VII

The LoP North-South Beach Monitoring Survey Results 52

Annex VIII

Measured Marine Water Quality Levels at Port Site, Colombo. 53

Annex IX

Measured Marine Sediment Quality Levels at Port Site, Colombo. 54


List of Tables

2.1Key officers related to environmental management of Works as at December 2012 8 2.2 Environmental permits & licenses 8 3.1 Environmental monitoring requirements covered by site audits 9 3.2 Environmental monitoring requirements stipulated by environmental permits 13 4.1 Monitoring requirements during reporting period 14 5.1 Summary of lapses in mitigation and corrective measures adopted 17 5.2 Summary of complaints received 18 5.3 Responsive action taken on complaints 18 III.1 The schedule of site audit events 25 III.2 Progress of executing site audits in reporting period 26 III.3 Summarized waste disposal data in 2

ndhalf of year 2012 29

III.4 Summary of beach surveys and finding 38 III.5 The financial assistance extended by Contractor for fishers compensating lost living 39 III.6 Environmental monitoring requirements stipulated by environmental permits 41 IV.1 Revised monitoring requirements in reporting period 43 IV.2 The summary of settlement monitoring results 46

List of Figures

III.1 Settlement monitoring results for main breakwater 27 III.2 The comparison of approximately cumulative sand and rock volumes utilized to the date 27 III.3 The internal waste collection points in the CWA in Port site 30 III.4 Monthly distribution of average daily delivered truck loads within 2

nd half 2012 34

IV.1 Air quality, noise and vibration monitoring locations at Port site 42 IV.2 Water/ sediment quality and suspended sediment concentration monitoring locations at Port site 44

List of Pictures III.1 The fugitive dust control in progress at site entrance in July 2012 28 III.2 The remaining point source dust control arrangements (180t batching plant) 29 III.3 The continual internal waste collection arrangements in the site 30 III.4 The existing SAGT/ SL Navy out fall was connected to the permanent drainage net work 31 III.5 Well built and functional storm water drainage net work on the main breakwater 31 III.6 The protected Battenberg Battery after completion of site restoration in December 2012 32 III.7 The SCT contractor’s work in progress sharing access and environmental liabilities 33 III.8 The sewage treatment facility for the Control tower office complex at completion 35 III.9 The equipment under maintenance near marine workshop, which will be removed later 36 III.10 A view of vehicle maintenance & civil workshops site after restoration 37 III.11 Stone removal from revetment and placing inside back shore trenches was in progress 38 III.12 The restored shoreline at Ch100m North from previous breakwater location 39 III.13 The improved section of PRDA (WP) road and the restored section site access road 40


March 2013 1

Executive Summary

To ensure the environmental management plan of the Works is implemented and maintained in accordance with the requirements of Coastal Conservation Department (CCD), Central Environmental Authority (CEA) and Asian Development Bank (ADB); the environmental impacts and the effectiveness of environmental mitigations are self-monitored by Hyundai Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd. (HDEC)-the Contractor under the supervision of Scott Wilson Ltd. (SW)-the Engineer and overviewed by the Sri Lanka Port Authority (SLPA)-Client.

The procedural and institutional arrangements in this regard are described in the Environmental Management Plan (HDEC, 2008) of the Works, prepared by the Contractor, accepted by Engineer and submitted to CCD through SLPA.

This report presents the Engineer’s semiannual summary of the environmental monitoring and mitigation undertaken by the Contractor, and covers the period from July to December 2012. This Report is the final Semi-Annual Report prepared under the Contract.

The major activities with mitigation and monitoring adopted during the reporting period are as follows;

Mitigation continued to follow same priority order as impacts; avoidance, minimizing and control coupled with monitoring through site audits, environmental quality/ impact level measuring to capture lapses/ unforeseen impacts.

During the period, Works were generally limited and effectively completed by September 2012, followed by site restoration activities for the remainder of the period. There were 16 site audits and 4 compliance level appraisal sessions during the reporting period. There was a high degree of impact mitigation in accordance with stipulated standards in the EIA, National law and environmental safeguard policy of ADB.

Operation of Works carried out Major mitigations-monitoring adopted

Site Operations at CSH & External facilities TM

Quarried rock armour and Core Loc concrete armour units placing were completed Ch 0-1500. Beach protection placing ~10-60 Kg rock and gravel from Ch 2500 to Ch 4290. The 100t batching & asphalt plants, civil-vehicle workshops, tower crane etc were shut down and dismantled. Site restoration was completed except construction workers camp, site office, and marine workshop areas. The remaining liabilities at external facilities; At the LoP (Wadduwa), ~1 Km rock revetment removal followed by shoreline restoration were completed. At the quarry site, the Contractor commissioned a survey assessment of house damage (cracks) (arising from new complaints) by independent experts. Contractor’s negotiations progressed for the restoration of the 170m access across paddy land.

Site traffic/ dust control with round the clock visual monitoring by Contractor-Engineer continued. Periodically measured the sensitive structure settlement levels, which confirmed compliance. Standard solid waste collection and disposal practiced fully curtailing open dumping/ burning. Ensure oil storage containment and promptly executing spill contingency management plan. Duly maintain septic tanks and outfalls were connected to SLPA existing drains. Site restoration partly completed to acceptance of Engineer and Client. Regular shore line monitoring at LoP continued, resulting in progressive nourishment and reaching natural stability level. Facilitated traditional fishing paid outstaying compensation and shoreline uses by hoteliers appreciating local community requests. Contractor agreed to compensate as prescribed by Authorities for proved minor house damage and is preparing for remaining quarry access removal.

Quarried rock Haulage to CSH Marine route; Not undertaken in reporting period. Land route; Sub contracted suppliers hauled directly to the Port from sources at outskirts of Colombo at average 200 trucks/ day until September 2012.

Sourced from licensed quarries whilst Haulage

was undertaken fully Complying with road traffic law and adopt dust-fall protections with traffic controls.


March 2013 2

The overall assessment of environmental mitigation and monitoring practices indicates maintaining high standards as recommended in the EIAR as well as anticipated by the CCD and ADB during the reporting period; from July to December 2012.


March 2013 3

1. INTRODUCTION

Background The Asian Development Bank (ADB) provides funding to the Government of the Democratic Republic of Sri Lanka to construct the infrastructure for the Harbour Infrastructure Works (HIW) under the Colombo Port Expansion Project (CPEP) [Formerly known as the Colombo South Harbour (CSH) Project].

The Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) is the Executing Agency (EA) whilst Scott Wilson Limited (SW) and Hyundai Development & Engineering Corporation (HDEC) are respectively the supervising Engineer and the Contractor.

The Coast Conservation Department (CCD), the project approving agency, granted approval for commencement of Works based on Environmental Impact Assessment carried out in 2005. The CCD chairs the Environmental Monitoring Committee (EMC), which scrutinizes the effectiveness of the environmental mitigation and monitoring of the Works.

Environmental Monitoring Requirements The Environmental Management Plan (EMP), the key tool used in environmental impact mitigation and monitoring, has been developed to ensure the Works are implemented and maintained in accordance with the provisions and requirements of the Coast Conservation Act No 57 of 1981, the National Environmental Act No 47 of 1980 and ADB’s environment safeguard policy (2002) including their subsequent amendments.

HDEC implements the EMP under the guidance and supervision of SW, whilst the process is overseen by the SLPA, who reports to CCD and ADB.

Scope of the Report In general the mitigations are defined in the Contractor’s EMP and spontaneous measures are adopted to rectify un-foreseen impacts; and are monitored through routine site audits and compliance and impact monitoring by SW. The results of environmental compliance and impact confirmation monitoring together with complaints, non-compliances (if any) and responses are monitored and recorded by SW.

This semiannual report, presents an overview of environmental mitigation and monitoring activities covering both the semi-annual reporting period (July – December 2012) as well as cumulatively, from the commencement of works in April 2008 to December 2012.

This Report is submitted to the SLPA in accordance with clause 8. xiv of appendix B of “Contract for Consultants’ Services”. This is the final Semi-annual Report to be submitted under the Contract.

The SLPA submits this report on six monthly basis to the ADB and CCD (EMC), as per the loan covenant number 12 of the agreement of loan no. ADB 2319-SRI.


March 2013 4

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Current Progress of Works The Works commenced on 11 April 2008 and were substantially completed within 48 months and the Contract period formally ended in April 2012. Some remaining works were completed in September 2012 (in overall 53 months), and defect corrections continued. The works in progress within the reporting 06 months period are summarized below:-

2.1.1 Colombo South Harbour Site Dredging and reclamation No dredging or reclamation work was undertaken under this contract. However, a small volume of sand accumulated in the access channel of the new harbour mouth (Ch 2850 to Ch 3550) due to South Container Terminal construction Works. This material was dredged by the SCT contractor.

Breakwater construction and site management Quarried rock armour (3.6 - 6.5t, 1.3 - 2.9t) and Core Loc

TM concrete armour units placing were

completed below Ch 0-1500. Beach protection placing ~10-60 Kg rock and gravel placing from Ch 2500 to Ch 4290 were completed. The 100t batching plant, asphalt plant, civil-vehicle workshops, tower crane in secondary breakwater were shut down and dismantled. Site restoration as per final land use requirements were completed at main and secondary breakwaters, IWA and CWA except construction worker camp, site office, and marine workshop areas. Haulage and stock piling of quarried rock Limited haulage was carried out from 2 approved quarried rock sources on the outskirts of Colombo continued along land routes at average daily truck traffic of around 200 until being terminated in September. A quantity of around 0.16 Mil m3 of quarried rock and rock amour has been delivered. No Sea route haulage was carried out in this period. Hauled materials were being stockpiled in the CWA on the MBW or directly dumped for MBW or SBW construction.

Construction of road, utilities and buildings Road, utilities and gate building construction connecting the Colombo South Harbour under construction to the existing Harbour were completed undertaking CBM and asphalt laying for south access road carriage way and pipe laying for portable water, storm water, sewer, communication and electrical supplies were substantially completed in the main site. The pilot station control tower, crew accommodation and ancillary buildings construction were completed at the SBW whilst road and utilities construction are also substantially completed.

2.1.2 External arrangements for material supply The infrastructure constructed by the Contractor; solely to facilitate delivery of quarried rock to the construction site but sited externally from the Colombo Port considered under this category. The remaining liabilities related to the Contractor’s Loading Out Point (LoP), which was located in Potupitiya, Wadduwa, Kalutara operated as a transfer station for loading land delivered rock from external quarries to barges and the Contractor’s main quarry located in Nehinna, Dodangoda, Kalutara are considered in this section. Load out Point Contractor handed over the land-side LoP premises to proprietor after restoration of land and front shoreline in 1

st half 2012. Remaining foreshore rock groyne stab and revetment removal was ongoing

by the Contractor in the reporting period. This was completed to the acceptance of CCD (subject to resolution of concerns queries from the local community) and shore profile monitoring surveys were undertaken to assess nourishment pattern-determine level of stability.


March 2013 5

2.2. Project Organisation

The project organization for environmental management remains unchanged as given in Annex I. The key officers involved in the environmental management of the Works and their particulars are given in Table 2.1 below; Table 2.1: Key Officers Related to Environmental Management of the Works as at December, 2012

2.3. Status of Relevant Permits and Licenses Particulars of relevant environmental licenses are given in the Table 2.2 below;

No. Authority Permit Details Operational activity

1

Coast Conservation Department

CCD development permit; P/11/183 CPEP construction

2

IEE approval (CCD ); PA/02/MS/08/80

Complete shoreline restoration liabilities at LoP, Pothupitiya, Wadduwa

3 Central Environmental Authority

EPL; 03605 (R-1) Operating the batching plant- (180t) CSH

4 EPL; 03294 (R-1) Operating the batching plant- (100t) CSH

5 EPL; 04984 (R-0) Operating the asphalt plant-CSH

6

Geological Survey and Mines Bureau

IEE approval; CPEP/ICB/01

Complete liabilities on haul routes and structural impacts within impact zone of main quarry, Nehinna, Dodangoda

No. Designation Name Mobile No

Client - SLPA

1 Project Director Susantha Abeysiriwadana 0773786089

2 Environmental Analyst Aruna Wimalathilake 0714831730

Engineer - SW

3 Chief Resident Engineer Kane Satterthwaite 0772747560

4 Senior Environmentalist Padmasiri Moonamale 0772907615

Contractor - HDEC

5 Project Manager O. Y. Park 0773401848

6 Environmental Team Leader Mahendra Abeywickrama 0771561156


March 2013 6

3. COMPLIANCE MONITORING

Compliance monitoring is required to ensure that the environmental mitigations are effectively adopted and any unforeseen impacts are duly addressed. The relevant monitoring activities, locations and frequencies with note on progress of execution are summarized in Annex II. Compliance monitoring at the Works is implemented through 2 main modes namely; “site audits” as described in Section 3.1 and “measuring the severity of impacts” as described in Section 3.2 respectively. The mitigation/monitoring requirements, compliance requirements and the results are discussed under these sections below; 3.1. Site Audit Based Monitoring Site audit based monitoring requirement was to observe and assess site operations through minimum 10 preplanned and 3 spontaneous events like site inspections, meetings, problem mitigation and recording sessions with participation of Contractor, Consultant and Client as required. This ensures efficient site environmental management. The defined time frequency, purpose and responsibility of this monitoring event are tabulated in the Table 1 of the Annex III. 3.1.1 Monitoring requirements of Site Audit The specified monitoring requirements for the main operational activities covered through site audits are summarized in Table 3.1 below;

3.1.2 Results of Site Audits During reporting period 4 preplanned - 12 spontaneous audits, 4 meetings and 3 formal monitoring report submissions reported in addition to daily mitigation/monitoring events as given in the Table 2 in Annex III. The overall results of site audit events within the Colombo South Harbour site and associated External facilities (LoP and Contractor’s main quarry) during the reporting period are as follows;

No. Operational Activity

Mitigation/ monitoring requirement

1 Reclamation (SC: 1.088)

Control surface runoff from reclamation areas to avoid water pollution.

Maintain un-interrupted flow from existing storm water outfalls

2

Breakwater (main & secondary) construction, Road-Building construction, Plant operations for producing aggregates, Site management and restoration (SC: 1.083 to 1.090)

Ensure stability of the built structures and restrict disturbing sea bed off site of designed dimensions.

Control dust, noise and vibration to comply with standards-regulations.

Management of solid wastes complying with specifications-regulations.

Management of waste oil, oil spill containment facility complying with local regulations.

Management of sewage and waste water preventing water pollution complying with specifications.

Adopt adequate workmen health and safety measures as per standards.

Demobilization and Site restoration conforming to future land use requirements.

3

Quarried products and material haulage Affected beach restoration at the past LoP site Fulfill remaining liabilities of quarry site closure (SC: 1.043)

Minimize dust, noise, vibration and adopt adequate safety measures in quarried rock haulage along land routes as per local regulations.

Restrict land haulage of quarried rock through Colombo city to small quantities, subject to approval of relevant Authorities.

Beach restoration and addressing local community concerns (beach maintenance, structure removal) at Contractor’s past LoP site in compliance with relevant statutory (CCD) stipulations.

Attend 1600m road maintenance and restoration of 400m built access across paddy land at Contractor’s past main quarry site to the acceptance of relevant government Authorities.

Complete any liable payments to restore vibration impacts on buildings within potential risk zone of the quarry, to the acceptance of GSMB.


March 2013 7

3.1.2.1 Colombo South Harbour Site Mitigation by design Details furnished in section 1 of Annex III, confirms the mitigations adopted in the breakwater structure design to minimize both the construction impacts and extent of applying mitigations during the Port operations were duly incorporated. The monitored maximum settlement of breakwater being well below the tolerance limits confirms stability of the built structure ensuring expected financial returns over the Project life thus rationalizes involved environmental costs. The cumulative rock volume placed being ~33% of cumulative sand volume evident site specific design replacing high rock volume in traditional breakwater with readily available dredged sand. This curtailed excessive quarried rock extraction and haulage from inland sources optimizing natural resources utility whilst minimizing adverse impacts on Country’s ecological foot print. Reclaimed area management There was continuous maintenance and undisturbed flow of existing outfalls, as well as provision of adequate surface drainage following reclamation, in accordance with the contract requirements during the reporting period (Table 3.1). The seven existing out falls from the Port were permanently connected to the existing Port drainage network and surface water drainage network was built avoiding any potential disturbances to existing Port operations thru storm-waste water accumulation due to post reclamation land use of CSH Works. Breakwater construction and Site management The section 2 of Annex III describes continuing control of site traffic, exhaust emission and fugitive dust ensuring workmen health whilst easing sensitive receptor’s operations like SAGT, Harbour Master office, SCT staffs and SL Navy. The solid wastes split as garbage-1690m

3,

recyclable/reusable items-1900T and 1760 recyclable containers with waste oil-40 m3 disposed

through Authorized waste handlers whilst site effluents being managed on site or transferred to approved road tanks. The precautions adopted ensured due protection of the “Battenberg Battery”; the single archeological monument in the site. Communication attending common liabilities on CSH site’s environmental-safety management continued with intervention of Client when required. The section 6 of Annex III indicates Contractor’s demobilization and site restoration without any environmental incidents facilitating uninterrupted land use by Port operators after handing over.

Material haulage to South Harbour site As discussed in section 4 of Annex III, the road-based quarried rock haulage and handling is considered here since other material volumes are comparatively insignificant and marine haulage completed. Rock volume of 0.16 Mil m3 was delivered to the Port site during reporting period through limited land haulage from quarries in the suburb of Colombo city until the operation was terminated in 1

st week September 2012.

The mitigations and monitoring adopted in the past to control adverse social impacts through dust/ rock dispersion from trucks, traffic jams and road accidents etc associated with rock haulage traffic particularly in Colombo city routes were continued. The Hesei Ltd. being Contractor’s main rock supplier hauled ~90% of the quarried rock during reporting period from around 13 quarries located in 3 administrative divisions around 40 Km long routes. Contractor ensured suppliers in possession of valid permits for extraction and haulage as per the applicable local regulations.

Based on Engineer’s traffic survey along loaded truck entrance route (Sri Ponnnambalam Rmanathan Mw.) to Port the share of construction traffic on heavily congested Colombo city roads

appeared to be insignificant. The diffused source rock supply and recent improvements of City road

network further reduced significance of traffic impacts on roads, road links and intersections from the EIA predicted levels. Contractor’s HSE section implemented refresher sessions for suppliers to enhance adopting best practices and compliance requirements like defensive driving, proper vehicle maintenance and top- rear dust covers etc. during operation. The absence of received complaints on public nuisance or regulation violation from public or relevant government Authorities (Police, RDA and CMC) during this period confirms effective containment of potential adverse impacts.


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Construction of roads, utilities and buildings The section 5 of Annex III confirms the sub contractor; RR Constructions Ltd continued compliance with the site environmental pollution control practices of Works through their own Project Manager overseen by the Contractor’s HSE Manager. The built storm water drainage and waste water treatment systems are well operating whilst the sub contractor demobilized from completed sections without causing any environmental incidents and after proper site restoration.

3.1.2.2 Contractor’s Liabilities Related to External Operational Activities

The Contractor’s performances in the management of his remaining liabilities related to the LoP at Pothupitiya, Wadduwa and the main quarry site at Nehinna, Dodangoda are discussed in this section No activities supporting main construction were carried out during the reporting period at these sites.

LoP- Pothupitiya, Wadduwa The only remaining liability arising from the Environmental Impact Assessment approval granted by the CCD was to restore the shore line to the acceptance of CCD. As described in section 7 of Annex III the Contractor effectively engaged to accomplish successful beach restoration to acceptance of relevant Authorities (CCD) through removal of the rock revetment, shoreline maintenance, visual survey-based monitoring of shoreline and addressing local community concerns. The Contractor obtained CCD approval for the revised revetment removal plan in September and removed remaining groyne stub in October, rock revetment in November-December and prepared secondary rock protection layer along shoreline placing removed rock in trenches below MSL.

The shoreline monitoring through regular cross profile and bathymetric surveys indicate continuous natural beach nourishment as well as reaching the stability. Appreciating the local fishing community requests, Contractor improved ~100m length beach section for easy handling of fishing crafts and adjusted revetment removal program accommodating Hoteliers’ request. No disturbances to fishers’ livelihood were reported during the revetment removal in reporting period. However the Contractor paid SLR 1120800/= as the remaining livelihood assistance payment for disturbing fishing for the period January to March 2012 due to the revetment. This completed the total financial resettlement sum of SLR 2904000/= to the local community over the course of the Works.

Main Quarry- Nehinna, Dodangoda The remaining liabilities arising from the Initial Environmental Examination approval for the quarry operation by GSMB with consent of CEA was to complete financial assistance for repairing suspected damages of buildings within the GSMB defined “impact zone”, restoration of paddy land removing built quarry access road and to undertake regular maintenance work on the haul road for quarried rock (Dodangoda-Nehinna). The progress in brief is as follows and described in section 8 of Annex III;

Taegil quarry, Dodangoda: In addition to an existing complaint of 60 residents, additional complaints from 21 residents living in proximity to the GSMB accepted quarry impact zone were made over suspected minor damages to their buildings due to quarry operations. The Contractor agreed in- principle to financially assist under the recommendation of the permitting Authority; GSMB and Divisional Secretary (DS)-Dodangoda. The damage evaluation process is in progress under the supervision of DS and Grama Niladhari (Village Officer) of DS.

Road maintenance; Dodangoda-Nehinna: Contractor’s sub-contractor; Prime Logistics has completed road (1600 section) maintenance to the acceptance of PRDA-WP as per the agreements signed.

Built access restoration; Quarry land-Nehinna: Contractor is preparing to restore the paddy lands by removing ~170m section of the built quarry access road across paddy land since Agrarian Development Department rejected quarry land owner’s request to transfer paddy land restoration agreement from Contractor to his name.


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3.1.2.3 Overview of rock haulage to Colombo Port through marine and land routes The marine and land rock haulage were terminated respectively in March and September 2012. The rock haulage monitoring results confirm completion of this operation thru out the construction phase to the full compliance with the Contract requirements of Works and regulatory requirements of the Country. Over the total 45-month period (November 2008 to September 2012) during which rock was delivered to the Port under the Contract the overall proportion of rock delivered by marine barge compared to that delivered by trucks on the highway network roads is 42% to 58%. . Although this deviates from the EIA stage recommendation for prominent marine haulage, the actual arrangements, which evolved in parallel to the development of the detailed design and Works progress, has encountered limited overall adverse traffic impacts and enhanced economic benefit to wider local community as recommended in the EIA study. Overall the marine haulage caused higher social impact comparing to the land haulage, which was benefitted with the comparatively low traffic than envisaged in EIA stage due to the recent road network improvement in Colombo city by the governmentand the reduced container traffic due to the influence of Global economic down turn.

Further details will be discussed in the Final Environmental Report for the Project.


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3.2 Impact Measurement Based Monitoring This section presents results-analysis of magnitudes of environmental impacts measured through specialized third party agencies to ensure compliance with stipulations in permits issued by Government Authorities for various components of the Works.

3.2.1 Monitoring requirements A summary indicating the environmental media to be monitored in reporting period with the relevant locations of Works as stipulated by statutory permits is given in Table 3.2 and details are furnished in section 9 of Annex III.

3.2.2 Permissible limits

Permissible limits-requirements related to each parameter as stipulated by the permits of CCD and the EPL are given with detailed monitoring results in Annex III. 3.2.3 Impact measuring results 3.2.3.1 Colombo South Harbour Site The operational capacity–period of batching plants and asphalt plant were highly limited owing to the diminished construction activities until completion in September. However the environmental impacts control systems of all plants were well maintained-monitored until demobilization as described in Sections 2 & 6 of Annex III. Consequently the observed noise, vibration and air quality impacts were insignificant. Further the past monitoring results confirmed consistent compliance with permit stipulations. Hence the Contractor’s proposal to terminate ambient environmental quality measurement was accepted by Engineer subject to single sampling for water-sediment quality analysis, considering the views of Client and the permitting Authority; the CEA. However the structural settlement monitoring at the main construction site; Colombo South Harbour were continued until September and presented in Section 4.3 of this report under the “impact confirmation monitoring”.

3.2.3.2 LoP, Pothupitiya Since the LoP site was restored and handed over to its owner within 1

st half of 2012 the remaining

statutory monitoring requirement was limited to shore profile surveys as briefed below and described in Section 7 of Annex III.

Beach profile The beach profiles to the North (up to 1.5 km) and South (up to 0.5 km) from the past temporary breakwater location at LoP were surveyed by Contractor’s team in July, August, September and November 2012 as stipulated by CCD. The November survey conducted after substantial completion of built shoreline structures removal indicate the impacted zone was regaining stability. These survey results were regularly-on time submitted to the CCD and obtained their instructions for the progress of balance work until completion in mid-December. The post completion shore profile monitoring is scheduled in January 2013 under the guidance of CCD. The details are extensively discussed in the Section 7 of Annex III.

Table 3.2: Environmental monitoring requirements stipulated by environmental permits

No. Permit & location Monitoring media

1 CCD permit - CSH Marine water quality

2 EPL – Batching plants Plant operations limited to 3 months, only when required & dismantled. The past monitoring results confirm consistent compliance with permit stipulations. Hence air-noise impacts were not measured during reporting period.

3 EPL – Crusher plant (Demobilized in May)

4 EPL – Asphalt plant

5 CCD permit – LoP (Shut down in April)

Shore profile as prescribe by CCD under IEE approval stipulations.


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4. IMPACT CONFIRMATION MONITORING

Impact Confirmation Monitoring is to ascertain the effectiveness of the mitigation measures recommended at the planning stage and to validate the assumptions made in the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005). Further this provides a comprehensive collection of data to ensure long term environmental impacts are captured at CSH enabling to identify further needs for mitigation and design accordingly. Impact confirmation monitoring at the Works is mainly undertaken through measuring the status of environmental media by specialized independent agencies.

Based on the Contractor’s program for completion of Work in September 2012 the monitoring program was also revised to the acceptance of Engineer, Client and relevant Authorities as summarized below and described in the Annex II.

4.1 Monitoring Requirements Measure the ambient environmental quality at CSH for following parameters to the time frequency given in the table 4.1, during the reporting period; to determine immediate and long term impacts as described in section 1 of Annex IV. Considering the Contractor’s plan to terminate these monitoring and the statutory requirements the Engineer recommended continuing selected items, which was accepted by Client, relevant Authorities and adopted by the Contractor. This ensures availability of adequate measured data particularly to assess marine ecosystem impacts on long term perspective at completion of Works.

Table 4.1: Monitoring requirements during reporting period

4.2 Permissible or Action Limits The permissible levels specified under the relevant regulations in Sri Lanka or action limits as specified in the EIAR in relation to each of the parameter, are given with the detailed monitoring results in Annex IV.

4.3 Monitoring Results The Contractor has sub contracted specialized government technical institute; NBRO for conducting periodical monitoring of marine ambient water and sediment quality. The Contractor’s staff with the guidance of Engineer continued settlement monitoring and periodic photographic survey of sensitive Port structures.

4.3.1 Marine water quality As described in Section 2 of Annex IV, due to unprecedented extreme wave climate prevailed and difficulties in mobilizing limited resources (boat & divers etc.) to suit with favorable time schedules, these monitoring remain outstanding. The Contractor confirmed conducting analysis in the 1

st quarter

2013. Following assessment is based on the potential impacts associated with operations carried out during the reporting period and trends in the past;

No Parameter Frequency

01 General Air Quality (NO2, SO2, CO,PM10) Terminated since

June 2012 02 Noise 03 Ground Vibration

04 Water Quality (Organic/Inorganic compounds, Heavy Metals, Faecal Coliform,Pesticides) Once

05 Sediment Quality (Organic/Inorganic compounds , Heavy Metals, Pesticides) 06 Water Quality ( suspended sediment levels) Terminated since

March 2012 07 Under water heritage during dredging

08 Settlement monitoring of Water tank, Chaitya, HM building & Museum Monthly until September 2012

09 Photographic survey (Visual features of key buildings/ structure in Port site) Once


March 2013 12

During the reporting period As discussed in detail in Section 2 of Annex IV, during this six months period the limited marine operations carried out did not disturb the sea bed sediments or introduce foreign elements to the water column. Further no pollutant spilling incidents reported from these operations. In this context the Project operations observed causing no significant water pollution changing the physiochemical features of water column. This conclusion is supported by having no reported incidents of pollution or affected fish flocks-yields respectively from Port operator agencies, SL Navy or fishers operate in adjoining to high security zone. However the programmed water quality assessment results will provide supplementary analytical basis for this conclusion. Changes through out 56 months of overall reporting period The Section 2 of Annex IV presents the overall physiochemical features changing trends of water column over the construction phase of 53 months and 3 months from defect liability period. The only potential cause that could re-mobilize detached pollutants (nutrients and heavy metals) during past dredging work was the natural hydrodynamic processes since no marine construction undertaken in last six months. As no significant changes in the annual hydrodynamic processes noticed during this period, the cumulative water quality changing pattern apparently considered to be invariant from the status reported in the last SEMR (Scott Wilson, 2012).

Accordingly the long term Project impact on nutrient level in water column recorded is considered insignificant compared to that of the Kelani river influx, whereas impact appears to be significant on elevated Hg level and supplementary for elevated Pb level. The elevated As level appeared to be independent of Project work but caused by external source. Thus long term heavy metal level changing trend indicates the release of some elements through the dredging operations and associated disturbance of bottom sediments. Literarily the excess heavy metal levels in the water column can pose a potential risk for human contact and bio accumulation through food web intake.

However the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005, pp 4-20) reveals that no primary producers or predominant fish spawning ecosystems are found in this zone. Similarly the impact zone falls within the high security zone of Colombo Port, where primary/ secondary water contact events are banned. Consequently water uses are limited to Port-based industrial operations. Hence based on the integrated assessment of composition with uses of marine water column, it is concluded that the both risk factors could be considered below the action level.

Responsive actions adopted However on a precautionary basis, the SLPA has educated the Terminal Operators and Construction Contractors regarding possible excess content of heavy metals in waters in order to prevent secondary contacts. SLPA has also requested SCT Contractor to continue the water quality monitoring program (terminating under the CSH Works) to produce useful data base for the long term perspective. In addition based on these findings the SLPA are considering to launch a water quality monitoring program to assess the risk, significance and route causes of pollution to design responsive action plan if necessary. 4.3.2 Marine sediment quality Similarly the marine water quality, Contractor was unable to conduct sediment sampling as scheduled in September due to adverse waves, but agreed to complete his survey in 1

st quarter of 2013. The

assessment based on potential impacts associated with associated with reporting period operations is as follows;

Changes during the reporting period Sediment quality impact within the impact zone in this period considered insignificant since none of the Project operations undertaken caused disturbances to sea bed sediments or released any foreign polluting agents as described in Section 3 of Annex IV.


March 2013 13

Changes through out 56 months overall reporting period Similarly as water quality the sediment quality considered to remain unchanged from the cumulative trend over the past 50 months construction period up to July 2012, as reported in the SEMR-January to July 2012 (Scott Wilson, 2012).

The report highlighted that non metal composition in the impact area sediment was mostly influenced by Kelani River influx, heavy metals; Cd, Ni, Cu, Cr and Pb composition was insignificant. However the report suggested high potential of releasing Hg from seabed sediment during dredging, contaminating the marine water column in the impact zone.

The responsive measures described under section 4.3.1 were developed on the basis of elevated heavy metal levels in water column as well as the sea bed sediment in the impact zone.

4.3.3 Settlement monitoring Settlement monitoring results confirm the existing sensitive Port structures; Habour Master’s Building, SLPA Water Tank and Museum were not affected by settlement during the reporting period, nor the and the past 53 months period as described in section 4 of Annex IV.

4.3.4 Ecology and Fish Habitual The results of survey conducted on the 24

th March 2012 by the same specialized diver of NARA, who

conducted the base line survey for EIA study was submitted in October 2012.

The results indicate west reef was unable to be surveyed due to high turbidity (visibility < 50 cm) and east reef was surveyed under low visibility (1m to 5m). The survey reported that hard corals were very rare but soft corals and gorgonians were common whilst 52 species of reef fish were recorded.

The recorded high turbidity in absence of Project operations (survey was conducted nearly two weeks after termination of dredging work) indicate the ecosystem experiences elevated sediment plume due to natural hydrodynamic processes. Thus the Project impact upon eco system considered being insignificant and hence the ecology and fish habitual impacts also considered insignificant.

4.3.5 Photographic survey The Contractor’s survey in 2012 confirmed absence of Project influenced changes on the existing sensitive structures (Habour Master’s Building, SLPA Water Tank and Museum) subject to continuous monitoring as per the SEMR-January to July 2012 (Scott Wilson, 2012). Contractor confirmed conducting final photographic surveys in 1

st quarter 2013 to evaluate overall effects.


March 2013 14

Table 5.1: Summary of lapses with mitigation and corrective measures adopted

5. ISSUES

5.1 Lapses in mitigation

The lapses recorded during the reported six months are summarized with the mitigation adopted in the Table 5.1 below;

Most of the continuing as well as new issues resulted from unforeseen technical faults, human error

and occasionally negligence associated with time bound efforts to achieve the set construction- demobilization targets. Wide distribution of work fronts scattered over the site, reducing supervisory staff, increasing interactions with SAGT, Sub contractors and SCT contractors sharing certain infrastructures were considered route cause of many deviations.

The significant deviations from standard practices mentioned here were mitigated as summarized within the shortest - practically possible time frame bringing down to “insignificant level” in terms of the magnitude and intensity of occurrence. The constant guidance of Engineer, Client and relevant Government agencies, when required was continued. The CEA, CCD and SL Navy were the main government agencies, which extended advises for remedial actions during the reporting period. Further review of mitigation for improvements, close monitoring and education of sub-contractors or the work force were continued to enhance the effectiveness of environmental mitigation particularly with respect to these operations.

No. Operation and location

concern Mitigation

Continuations

1 Land route rock haulage to CSH site

Poor road worthiness of D/Ts, intermittently until September

Continuous education, warning and suspension of site entrance pass of D/Ts followed by strict monitoring

2 Site management ; site entrance & access roads-CSH

Dust accumulation - dispersion on site entrance & access across SAGT premises; August

Rectified by intensifying dust removal, site water sprinkling and cleaning wheel washing bay - promptly

3 Maintain outfalls at CSH – SL Navy Outfall

Interrupted mechanical pumping in to sea from collection pond near main breakwater caused foul odor and some sections inundation-Intermittently

The dynamic site operations caused interruptions were promptly rectified as required and permanently diverted in to SLPA drainage net work.

4

Beach maintenance at LoP

Delay in shoreline nourishment using externally sourced sand; August-September

Unable to found a source of sand having suitable gradation for stability and the in-situ back shore deposits were intentionally not excavated as otherwise would disturb natural nourishment process. Shoreline restored and stable by the end December.

Reporting period

5 Site management- sewage disposal at CSH site

Spilling off septic tanks at the staff camp complex;;July-August

RRC built additional septic tank. Contractor increased frequency to weekly basis pumping out to road tanker thru new sub contractor; Udesh Enterprise.

6 Demolition waste management at CSH site

Delay in accumulated wastes disposal-September

Re-organized subcontracted general waste handlers to efficiently attend at construction debris disposal

7 Construction of pilot station buildings at the SBH

Workers staying in the completed buildings causing waste management issues; September

Promptly shifted workers to RRC site accommodation.

8

Site restoration at CSH site

Leaving low lying pockets without filling at the vehicle work shop and former main entrance areas

Restoration to the acceptance of Engineer

Delay in dismantling wheel washing bay causing water stagnation-September

Promptly filled with sand preventing water accumulation and demolition in November


March 2013 15

Receiv

ed

inP

ast

Receiv

ed

Duri

ngth

eR

eport

ingP

erio

d

Table 5.2: Summary of main complaints received

Table 5.3: Responsive action taken on complaints

5.2 Complaints

The complaints received during the reporting six months are summarized in Table 5.2 below;

Action taken

The Complaint Management Procedure in place (Annex IX of BEMR; June to December, 2008) helps to promptly respond and rectify social implications cause by the Works whilst same communication network is adopted to address adverse effects on involved parties related to the Project. The above enlisted main complaints received during the reporting period were analyzed through the aforesaid procedure and effectively resolved as summarized in Table 5.3 below;

No Location/Operation Subject Petitioner/ Affected party

1 CSH – South beach Unusual erosion at Wellawatta; st

occurred in 1 half 2011

Divisional Secretary (continued responsive actions)

2

LoP – North beach

Delay in paying balance of agreed lost living financial

st assistance for 1 quarter 2012

Fisheries’ society, Potupitiya

3

Quarry, Dodangoda

Suspected structural damages on st

a house (made in 1 half 2011)

W A Dhanapala (resident within 500m impact zone of the quarry)

4 CSH site – Land

based rock haulage Sub-standard dust removal SAGT

5 CSH site – SL Navy outfall maintenance

Obstruct out falls inundating car park and causing foul odor

SL Navy

6 CSH – Site management

Sub standard labor camp sewer disposal

Site staff and Healthcare Section of SLPA; Client

7

CSH site – Traffic

diversion

Lapses in segregating construction and commercial traffic along new access road

SAGT

8 CSH – Site management

Entering SCT Contractor’s workers in to CWA, labour camp

Contractor

9

LoP – North beach

Hotel front beach management Sidhalepa Hotel, Wadduwa

Delay in nourishment of boat landing site (Ch280 to Ch400m)

Fisheries’ society, Potupitiya

10

Quarry, Dodangoda

Suspected structural damages on houses located out of the GSMB recommended (500m) impact zone

Residents of 21 houses in Nehinna, Dodangoda

No Subject Corrective measures Time taken

1 Unusual erosion at Wellawatta occurred in 1

st half 2011

LHI surveyed shore profiles indicated no significant erosion trend to conclude as the said impact caused by CSH Works.

Client educated relevant parties. Follow up monitoring is scheduled.

2

Delay in paying balance of agreed lost living financial assistance for 1st quarter 2012

Paid in August as agreed in the past, under the supervision of relevant Authorities.

Within 3 weeks

3

Suspected structural damages on a house

Based on post blasting structural survey analysis report, complainant was paid SLR 38191/= as repair cost of damages. However, Litigation continued and next hearing is in February 2013

3rd March 2012 (Damage repair fee paid & accepted).

4 Sub-standard dust removal Improved functioning the wheel washing bay and intensified dust removal along road across SAGT

Within a Weeks

5 Obstruct water flow from SL Navy out fall inundating car park and causing foul odor

Promptly rectified obstructions for pumping to sea and connected permanently to the built road drains

Within 2 months (permanent solution)

6 Sub standard labor camp sewer disposal

Guided RRC to constructed additional collection tank and appointed sub contractor for intensified disposal of sewerage

Within 5 weeks


March 2013 16

Effectiveness of responses to major complaints

Out of the eight cases number 1, 2, 3, 6 and 8.a observed repeated cases whilst 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are considered minor issues promptly rectified. Remedial actions for the rest were adopted or are being taken to nullify or to bring down to nuisance free levels. The effectiveness of responsive action adopted resolving major complaints associated with LoP North beach management are discussed in detail in section 3.1.2.2, whilst the details pertaining to other major complaints are briefly as follows;

Suspected beach erosion at Wellawata (1) Lanka Hydraulic Institute (LHI), the agency conducted shore profile survey to -15m depth, extending 5 Km north and south from Port site submitted revised drawings in July 2012 including responses to Engineer’s comments on the draft. The report indicates no significant and consistent bed level drop occurred. This matches with EIA stage conclusion in section 4.8.2 of the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005, pp 4-6), which states “significant portion of long-shore transport will be captured by the 2km seaward extension of breakwater and over the time, area of accumulation will extend both seaward and southward”. Client is considering continuing the shore profile monitoring to capture long term effects. However the Client educated Divisional Secretary-Wattala and relevant Political leaders on the survey findings to confirm the erosion incident in early 2011 is independent from the CSH Project. Further limited section on South of CSH site will be surveyed in suitable weather window in 1

st quarter

2013 to verify the findings.

Entering SCT Contractor’s workers in to CWA (8) Some local and expatriate SCT workers continued to enter the CWA particularly to entertain food and sanitary facilities provided for Contractor’s staff despite control actions taken. Contractor brought this to the Client as an issue of health-safety and sharing limited resources. The SCT agreed to take stern action against unauthorized entrance to CWA whilst HDEC increased security at periphery for controlling this practice.

Suspected minor-structural damages on a house (3) Whilst litigation continuous in the Magistrate Courts at Mathugama; against the GSMB, sub contracted quarry operator-Taegil Ltd and license holder-Contractor, pleading compensation for suspected damages, the complainant accepted estimated damage cost of SLR 38,191/= in March 2012. However the case was postponed for hearing in February 2013 at the last hearing on June 2012.

Claim for minor house damages by additional group (10) In addition to 60 residents, 21 residents living in proximity to the GSMB accepted quarry impact zone as mentioned in the IEE (HDEC, 2009) claimed presumed damage repair cost from Contractor. The Contractor in principle agreed to financially assist under the recommendation of the permitting Authority; GSMB and Divisional Secretary (DS)-Dodangoda. The damage evaluation process is in progress under the supervision of DS and Grama Niladhari (Village Officer) of DS.

7

Lapses in segregating construction and commercial traffic along new access road

Trained traffic control flagmen were introduced followed by installation of additional road sign boards

Promptly and in 2 weeks respectively

8 Entering SCT Contractor’s workers in to CWA, labour camp

With guidance of Client, SCT imposed restrictions to exit in to CWA while Contractor increased security post s along periphery

Within 2 weeks and when required

9.A

Hotel front beach management

Changed the sequence of revetment removal under the guidance of CCD enabling rapid beach nourishment as expected by Hotelier. But, within a week revert to original removal plan on request of both parties as scouring occurred with changed action

Within a week from the request

9.B Delay in nourishment from Ch280m to Ch400, boat landing site

Prepared the beach slope enabling fishing craft movements Within a week

10

Suspected structural damages on a houses located out of GSMB recommended (500m) impact zone

Contractor agreed to pay off the damage repair cost if recommend by the relevant government Authorities. The technical evaluations completed and administrative procedures are in progress by Divisional Secretary

Within 5 weeks from the request


March 2013 17

6. CONCLUSIONS

The Environmental Management Plan [EMP] is implemented by the Contractor whilst the Engineer closely monitors the effectiveness of mitigation on behalf of SLPA (the Client). Overall monitoring of the effectiveness of environmental mitigation is carried out by the Environmental Monitoring Committee, which is chaired by the CCD.

The following major operations were undertaken in the reporting period:-

Rock armour and inner beach protection of MBW

100t batching plant & asphalt plant operations, shut down and demobilization

Limited land haulage of quarried rock from licensed quarries to Port site, Colombo

Limited concrete batching for wave wall and control tower constructions

Road-utility lines construction along MBW-SBW to connect the existing Port road-utilities network

Operation and demobilization of vehicle-civil workshops, fuel pump station & part of labour camp

Site restoration to fit in with the proposed post completion land use plans

Completion of removing rock revetment at past LoP shoreline & continuing follow up monitoring

Deployed technical agency to assess claimed minor house damage at past main quarry site.

The environmental mitigations and monitoring actions in reporting period included:-

Ensure adopting environmental mitigations in the design and monitor the stability of MBW

Ensure protection of historical monuments at CSH site and undisturbed flow from existing outfalls

Continuous dust/ traffic control at site operations and external rock haulage

Standard solid-liquid waste management and preparedness for oil spill containment

Continue healthy dialog with fishers, monitoring LoP beach stability and due maintenance

Response public grievances effectively through the established procedure

Gain CCD guidance, liaise with local community at rock revetment removal at LoP

Working for compensating vibration impacts and on road issues related to the main quarry

Ensure compliance with the stipulations of CCD, CEA, GSMB, MEPA and ADB loan covenant.

To ensure environmental remediation, the compliance monitoring of Works continued through site audits and impact measurement based monitoring as described in the Section 3.The site audit results in Section 3.1 confirmed the effective mitigations as per the EMP, also enabling prompt containment of unforeseen impacts like spillage of construction-labour camp septic tanks, dispersion of dust affecting SAGT operations, blockage of SLPA-SL Navy out fall and effective sharing of environmental liabilities with SCT contractor. Similarly, the findings presented in Section 3.2 confirm compliance with CCD and CEA stipulations on site management, addressing socio-economic concerns and pollution control at CSH, whilst working to accomplish liabilities with GSMB and CCD respectively related to main quarry and LoP site permits. The impact confirmation monitoring results in Section 4; indicate environmental impacts at CSH site contained within the expected standards. The Hg and As levels in seawater Ni, Hg levels in sediments were in excess of the EIAR defined HTV. Trend analysis suggests release of some heavy metals from disturbed sediments at marine works under this Contract. Although risk of human contact is minimal, in response the SLPA advised water users to adopt protective measures and has guided the SCT Contractor to continue water quality monitoring (terminating under this Contract). SLPA is considering launching a monitoring program to assess toxicant contamination significance to develop long term remediation plan if required. Section 5 confirms duly recording of lapses and effective remediation to the zero or insignificant levels.

Overall the environmental monitoring results confirm environmental impacts were well contained, monitored and recorded within the reporting 6 months and total 56 months periods. In the forthcoming period, major events in terms of environmental management of Works are to:-

Complete environmental restoration based liabilities at Contractor’s LoP and main quarry

Establish means to continue environmental mitigations adopted and to monitor in long term.

This report prepared at semi-annual intervals to reflect the status of overall environmental management of Works over the previous 6 month period, is the final Report to be prepared under the Contract.


March 2013 18

References 1. Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick & Co Ltd, Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Colombo Port

Efficiency & Expansion Project), 2005.

2. Sri Lanka Ports Authority, Environmental Assessment Report (ADB), 2006.

3. Independent consultants for Hyundai Engineering Construction Co., Ltd, Initial Environmental

Examination Report (Loading Out Point, Wadduwa), 2008.

4. Hyundai Engineering Construction Co., Ltd, Environmental Management Plan of the Contractor,

2008.

5. Hyundai Engineering Construction Co., Ltd, Monthly Environmental Monitoring Reports (From

January to June), 2011.

6. University Of Moratuwa (Transportation Engineering Division), Colombo South Harbour – Traffic

Impact Assessment Report (Colombo Port Efficiency & Expansion Project), 2005.

7. Independent consultants for Hyundai Engineering Construction Co., Ltd, Initial Environmental

Examination Report (Metal Quarry, Thudugala, Dodangoda), 2009.

8. Lanka Hydraulic Institute Ltd, Colombo Port Efficiency & Expansion Project-Field Investigations

(Near shore Survey), 2004.

9. Scott Wilson Ltd, Semiannual Environmental Monitoring Report (SEMR), 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011

and 2012.

ADB Asian Development Bank

CCD Coast Conservation Department

SLPA Sri Lanka Ports Authority

NBRO National Building Research Organization

NARA National Aquatic Resources Agency

FD Fisheries Department

MEPA EIAR

Marine Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Impact Assessment Report

GSMB Geological Survey and Mines Bureau

EMP Environmental Management Plan

BEMR Biannual Environmental Monitoring Report

IEER Initial Environmental Examination Report

EAR Environmental Assessment Report

CSH CWA

Colombo South Harbour Contractor’s Working Area

IWA Initial Working Area

LoP Contractor’s Loading Out Point

TSHD Trailer Suction Hopper Dredger

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand

DO Dissolve Oxygen

SSC Suspended Sediment Concentration

TSS Total Suspended Sediment

AIS Automatic Information System

GSMB Geological Survey and Mines Bureau

PLEM Pipeline End Manifold

LTV Lower Trigger Value (Determine to provide ecosystem protection to 95% of the existing status adopting ANZECC, 2000 guidelines as per the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005)

HTV Higher Trigger Value (Determine to provide 80% of protection level as above described)

RV Reference Value (Measured level of constituent at the same location for base line survey in 2004 as given in the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005)


March 2013 19

Annex I

Project Organization on Environmental Management and Monitoring.


March 2013 20

Annex II

Summary of Requirement and Progress of Impacts and Compliance Monitoring at Works

No

Parameter

Location

Frequency

Monito

ring

Agency

Dates measured

Results

I. II. III. IV. V. VI.

1. Air

Quality

(A/Q)

01

General Air Quality

Hourly Levels of No2, SO2

and Co in ppm.

24 hourly average of

PM10 in mg/m3

CSH

Boundary of harbor

premises, at Navy quarters

and Chaitya (locations 1, 2

and 3 of figure IV.1)

Twice a year

(January and July)

NBRO

Not measured Terminated from June

2012

02 General Air Quality

Hourly Levels of No2, SO2

and Co in ppm.

24 hourly average of

PM10 in mg/m3

LOP

2 locations closer to

sensitive receivers

Twice a year

(January and July)

NBRO

Not measured Terminated from June

2012

03 Air Quality

Hourly levels of So2, No2

and Co in ppm. 24 hourly

average of PM10 in mg/m3

Quarry site was closed at

end May

Twice a year NBRO Not measured Quarry site was closed at

end May 2011


March 2013 21

minated from June

CHS

Hourly noise levels at 5

minute intervals in dB (A)

Boundary of harbor

premises at Navy q

uarters,

Chaitya, Harbor Ma

sters

building and SAGT

Pilot

station (respectively

locations 1, 2, 3 & 4

of

figure IV.1)

(January and July)

03 times a day (as

Morning, Evening

& Night)

2012


March 2013 22

May CSH Figure IV.2; Locations 1, 4, 8, 17, 18, 20

stage and special

* Reference station in front of Kelani river mouth * 03 mobile stations as defined by SW/ SLPA and may be altered time to time to suit the zones of dredging & reclamation Around 5 locations, over a 2 km length in the dredging area Four locations within and in the vicinity of LoP basin

in 1 quarter

02 Noise at LoP

Hourly noise level at 05

LoP

02 locations closer to

sensitive receivers

Twice a year.

(January and July)

03 times a day (as

NBRO

Not measured site was closed at March

2012

minutes intervals in dB (A)

Morning, Evening

& Night)

04 Noise at Quarry Site Quarry site was closed at Twice a year. NBRO Quarry site was closed at

Hourly & 05 minutes

reading of ambient noise

level in dB(A)

end May 2011

(January and July)

03 times a day (as

Morning, Evening

& Night)

end May 2011

March 2013 24

3. Vibration

4. W

ater Quali

ty (W

Q)

01 02

01


March 2013 23

2

3

4

Ground Vibration at CSH Groun

d Vibr

ation

and Ai

r blast

over pressu

re at

Quarr

y Site.

Water

Quali

ty – at CS

H Param

eters; pH, Te

mper

ature,

Salini

ty, Tur

bidity,

TSS, D

O, BO

D5, C

OD, T

otal P,

Total

N, Total

Coli forms, Faecal Coli forms, NH3‐N (Top & Bottom) Heavy Metals Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Sn, Hg, As, Nn, Al Pesticides Aldrin, Dieldrin Water Quality – at CSH Concentration levels of suspended sediments; Suspended sediment concentration Current speed & direction Dissolved oxygen concentration Water Quality – at LOP Concentration levels of suspended sediments; Water Quality – at LOP Parameters; pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, TSS, DO, BOD5, COD, Total P, Total N,

CHS Twice a year. Maritime museum (location1) & (January and July) Harbor aster’s office (location 2) Period of 24 hours in

of figure IV.1. stops of 15 minutes;

Quarry site was closed at end Continuous One day every quarter Measured on clear sunny days. Sampling time, whether, water depth, sea state, tidal

constrictions underwent shall be recorded All times when dredging is in operation (continuous monitoring) One time before, two time during and one time after the dredging No further

monitoring required

NBRO

TSD‐ GSMB

NBRO

NARA

NBRO

NBRO

Not measured Not measured 29.12.2011 10.03.2012 To be measured

st

2013

Not measured

04.05.2012 Not measured

Terminated from June

2012

Quarry site was closed

at end May 2011 DO, Tot P, NH3‐N > RL but BOD, COD, TSS < RL; Generally influenced by Kelani river influx. Faecal Coliform level is below standards. Hg > HTV and indicate potential release from sediments. Further monitoring/ analysis continue.

Terminated from June

2012 No significant deviations noticed Decided in agreement with all parties further monitoring is not required as no significant changes found or cases raised


March 2013 24

March 2013 25


March 2013 25

in 1 quarter


5. Sediment Quality

1

Total Coli forms, Faecal Coli forms, NH3‐N (Top & Bottom) General parameters; NH3‐N, Total N, Total P, Sulphide, Total Organic Carbon Heavy Metals Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Sn, Hg, As, Nn, Al Organo chlorides Aldrin, Dieldrin, PCBs, DDTs

CSH

Figure IV.2, locations 1, 16, 18, 21,

22, 24, 30, 40

Figure IV.2, locations 16, 22, 24, 40

Figure IV.2, locations 16, 24, 40

Off shore dredging & reclamation

Twice a year

encompassing SW

monsoon & NE

monsoon.

Measured on clear

sunny days

Continuous

NBRO

29.12.2012 To be measured

st

2013

likely to cause by water quality changes NH3‐N, Total P (some locations) > RL. General increase of heavy metal level noticed with Ni > LTV and Cd, Hg > HTV. Terminated as work

6. Cultural Heritage 7. Ecology & fish habitual 8. Beach profile

1

1

Watching brief for under water heritage during dredging Status of ecology and fish habitual Beach profile at LOP

areas (as recommends by

Archeology Dept.)

Onagala reef

1 km south & 3 km north from LOP

and southern part of Panadura out

fall (as may specify by CCD).(as

spacing of beach profile monitoring

within first km should be 250 m &

Once a year

First week of August,

November, February

and May continuing

up to the end of the

project

Hyundai

NARA (Diving Ecologist)

Hyundai

Not required

24.03.2012 13.11.2012

completed No significant adverse impacts observed excess of natural high turbidity levels. Overall South and North beach nourishment reaching to 2008 baseline stable status observed.

there after 500m)

9.Settlement

monitoring

1 Vertical & horizontal coordinates

(reference points)

Harbor Master’s building, Monthly for 01

Chaitya, Museum & Water year and review.

tank.

Hyundai 23.07.2012 21.08.2012

Terminated

10.

Photographic

survey

1 Visual features of key buildings Harbor Master’s building, Quarterly for 01

Chaitya, Museum & Water year and review.

tank.

Hyundai No No significant changes up to 2011.


March 2013 26

March 2013 26


March 2013 27

Compliance Monitoring

Table III.1: The Schedule of Site Audit Events

CRE: Chief Resident Engineer, EER: E gi eer’s Environmental Representative, ETL: Environment Team Leader, SM: Section

Annex III

Manager, EC: Environmental Consultant, EA: Environmental Analyst‐SLPA, PIU: Project Implementation Unit. * = Note: ‐ These events were scheduled to be terminated in September 2012 with Work completion as per Co tractor’s

program

No. Means Frequency Purpose/ Action Agency

1

Site surveillance*

Continuously

Promote awareness of environmental/ safety procedures among workers and sub- contractors via continual communications

Contractor

2 Site surveillance* Continuously Daily site monitoring records Contractor

3 Site surveillance* Continuously Impact monitoring records Contractor

4 Site inspection* Continuously Daily monitoring records Engineer

5 Regular Site*

Inspection

3 times/ Month

Site supervision by ETL and Face to face

dialog with SMs and Sub Contractors Contractor

6 Ad-hoc Site

Audit*

12 times/ Year

Compliance Monitoring by EER and Face-to- face communication between ETL, SMs

Engineer

7 Environment

Monitoring Record

Weekly Continuous water quality impacts (SSC) monitoring was

terminated in March 2012 with completion of dredging & reclamation work.

8 Regular Site

Environmental Audit *

Monthly Site Monitoring jointly by EER and ETL with

face-to-face communication between SMs& Sub contractors

Engineer &

Contractor

9

Monthly EMR

(MEMR)*

Monthly

Impact & Compliance Monitoring Report to

the Engineer two weeks before monthly meeting by Contractor. MEMR with comments (on compliance and impact monitoring) to SLPA by the Engineer. (as given in # 10).

Contractor & Engineer

10

Environmental

Progress meeting*

Monthly

Presentation of summary of MEMR and follow up actions of previous meeting by ETL/ Con. (ie. Significant impacts, social issues and corrective measures etc.). Submission of MEMR with Engineer’s comments by EER/ Engineer to EA/ SLPA.

Contractor

11

Ad-hoc Meeting

When

necessary

Site Monitoring and face-to-face communications between EER, SMs, ETL and EC/ Contractor and Local regulatory agencies/ community representatives when any emergency events occur.

Engineer &

Contractor

12 Environmental

Monitoring Report

Semiannually

Prepare and submit by CRE/ Engineer to the EA/ SLPA, who submit with comments to CCD & ADB

Engineer

13 Additional

Specific Audits/ Reports

When necessary

CCD replaced LoP permit compliance monitoring & reporting program with joint audits scheduled by CCD and self monitoring by SLPA since July 2012.

PIU-SLPA (Chair person)


March 2013 28

Table III.2: Progress of executing site audits in reporting period

HSE: Health Safety and Environmental, HSEM: HSE Manager, ETL: Environmental Team Leader, CRE: Chief Resident Engineer, EER: Engineer’s Environmental Representatives, EC: Environmental Consultant, EA: Environmental Analyst of SLPA, CSI: Engineer’s Civil Inspector, PIU: Project Implementation Unit; Sub contractors operated at CPEP work sites in the reporting period: RR Construction-Road construction, Nandana Ltd.- CCD shoreline Restoration Company and Hasei Lt.-Main rock haulers by land.

No. Means Mode of Execution Progress/ No

1

Site surveillance

Tool box by section supervisor

Continue/ Daily Induction by HSE section

Special awareness classes by HSE section supervisors

2 Site surveillance Detailed site monitoring records, including environmental consequences; remedies adopted were submitted to HSEM by 5 to 2 no. HSE supervisory staff

Daily (up to November)

3 Site surveillance

4 Site inspection Monitoring and record submission by CSI to EER Daily (up to November)

5

Regular Site Inspection

Conducted by HSEM or ETL; when necessary with participation of SMs/ Sub

Contractors

Daily (up to November)

6 Ad-hoc Site Audit Independent audit by EER with EA or HSEM 8 (6 Port/ 2 LoP)

7 Environment

Monitoring Record

Terminated since March 2012

8 Regular Site Environmental Audit

Audit the Colombo and (occasionally) LOP -Quarry sites on scheduled date at Monthly Environmental meeting by EER and EA jointly with ETL (SMs if necessary)

4

(3 Port/ 1 LoP-QS)

9 Monthly EMR (MEMR)

Prepared by the EC/ HDEC with guidance of ETL/ HSEM and submitted to EER for review (Annex XVI)

02 (Sept. 2012 is pending)

10

Environmental Progress meeting

Discuss matters arises from the MEMR, follow up actions against matters raised at previous meeting and new developments at the sites. Conducts by EER with participation of EA, ETL and EC/ Contractor

02 Merged to Monthly Progress Meeting since Sept. 2012

11

Ad-hoc Meeting

Site Monitoring and discussions between EER, SMs, ETL and EC/ Contractor and when necessary, Local regulatory agencies/ community representatives or relevant interest groups

02 (1 Port/ 1LoP)

12 Environmental

Monitoring Report

Prepare and submit by EER through CRE/ Engineer to the EA/ PIU-SLPA, who submit through PD/ PIU-SLPA with comments to CCD & ADB

01

st (2012, 1 SEMR)

13

Additional Specific Audits/Reports

The SLPA, CCD, FD, SW, HDEC, and FS jointly inspected LoP site, discussed and enabled socially acceptable- technically sound beach restoration work.

04


March 2013 29

Sett

lem

en

t/ C

m

% V

olu

me

Rock & Sand volumes

Section 1 Mitigation by design The main breakwater structure was specifically design thru harmonizing the EIA and engineering process in order to avoid or minimize the overall environmental consequences and level of applying impact control measures during construction and operational phases of Works. Following monitoring results during the reporting period are indicative of the efficacy of environmental friendly design features; 1) The resilience of the breakwater structure to the hosting environment is the key to success of

this development Works. The settlement monitoring of the breakwater was undertaken for detection of any deformations above the defined tolerance limits for each completed section. The maximum cumulative settlement of the wave wall span along the breakwater as at April 2012 shown in Figure III.1. The graph confirms maximum settlement recorded (140mm) is far below the tolerance (250mm) defined for this section at the design stage. This ensures predicted financial returns over the Project’s life span thus rationalize the environmental cost of construction.

2) Replacement of high rock volume in traditional breakwater design with readily available sand

thru channel dredging is a major site specific design feature. The Figure III.2 shows cumulative rock volume utilized for the Works is ~33% of the cumulative material. This confirms the design has significantly eliminated overall impacts of Works upon the Country’s ecological foot print.

0.160

0.140

0.120

0.100

0.080

0.060

0.040

0.020

0.000

‐0.020 100 150 200 250 300 Wavw Wall Span Number (From Ch 1500m to 4400m)

Figure III.1: Settlement monitoring results for main breakwater

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Rock volume % Sand volume %

1

Figure III.2:The comparison of approximately cumulative Sand and Rock volumes utilized at the completion Works


March 2013 30

se

Section 2 Breakwwater construuction and Site manageement The envvironmental mitigation implemented during complletion of the main breakwwater and econdary breakwaater construcction, temporrary facilities maintenance/ removal and the genneral site perations within he Port site are as follows:- Exhaust emissions and fugitive dust

1) 2)

3)

4)

5)

Daily inductiions were onducted for heavy machhinery/ vehiccle operators on best praactices to enhance afety-minimizze dust, noise and vibration durring heavy machinery/ vehicle operations and proper maintenance controlling exhaust emissions. Dampening the internal haul routes and soil exposed areas in the CW was continued to control fugitive dust mission during haul operations or heavy winds and manual surface wetting of incoming rock hauling trucks to minimize dust at the rock handling operations. Installation of speed conntrol humps and barricaddes on the site access outes and sections of new access roads under construction to control dust emission and enhannce safety as well. (Picture III.1). The rock auling trucks exiting from site were directed to pass thru whheel washing bays at the main entrance and secondary breakwater supply route entrance gates. This significantly control carryying soil attached to wheels causing fugitive dust on Harbour Master’s office compound and SLPA pilot station acccess route via SAGT premises. The two no wheel washing facilities were dismanntled in November 2012. Manual cleaaning of the main site acccesses acrooss Harbour Master’s offfice compouund area and secondaary breakwater supply oute across SAGT premises was unddertaken as required preventing dust accumullation. The fugitive and point ource dust control system of both batching plannts at the CW were well maintained effectiveely controllinng point sourrce dust emisssions and emanating excessive noise. The bag house dust arrester unit couple with the asphalt plant maintained efficient emission control thru out operations and was routinely monitored by Contractor and Engineer. Full capacity operations of these plants were terminated in September 2012 and ensured dust controls at intermitteent operationns (Picture II.2). The plants dismantle-demobilization and dust controls are escribed under Section 6.


March 2013 31

Table III.3: summarized waste dispossal data in econd half of year 2012

Solid wastes 1) In contrast to diminishing construction work and the work force, the increasing demobilization

work and extensive spread of active work fronts over the site demanded the past 9 internal waste collection points (Figure III. 5) to be maintained until November 20112. Solid wastes collected daily at these points were disposed thru two sub contractors (Shanika and Pethum Marine Lttd.,), which operate under the appproval of Marine Enviroonmental Protection Authority (MEEPA) and Collombo Municcipal Council (CMC). Since November, number of waste collection points was educed to 3 mainly for domestic wastes whilst constructiion wastes were collectted-safely stored on site and dispattched as generated hru the same sub contracctors (Picture III.3). The construction wastes contained wooden frammes, used ropes, cables and scrap metal and empty contaainers etc. Most of the empty containers were oil and chemiical drums whilst the rest (~15%) were domesstic consumpption material containers. The waste disposers, on regular inteerval (generaally once in 2 days or otheerwise as mentioned above) transport waste in to their collection station for sorting and transfer of the non- recyclable portion to the Kollonnawa waste disposal facility of CMC (Tabble III.3: summarized waste dispossal data in eporting period).

Oil storage and waste oils 6)

8)

7)

The Oil spill and hazarrd mitigation arrangemeents, (like firre warning signs, extingguishers, protection aggainst traffic and seconddary containmment walls) were maintained at the 2 main oil storage locaations in the site. Waste oil enerated from the marine and land operations were duly collected, safely stored and sold to authorized external parties on routtine basis under the appproval of MEEPA; the relevant regulatory agenncy of Sri Lanka. The quaantities are given in Table III.3. The Contractor was prepared to promptly execute their “Oil Spill Contingency Plan” responding to any land or marine catastrophic spillage. No oil spill was recorded during the reporting period.

Material

Reeusable/ Recyclable Garbagee/ m3

Sewage// m3

UUsed Containers/ No. Timber/ T Used oil/ m3 Scrap metal/ T Used Batteriies/ T

Quantity 1762 374 43 478 37 16992 261


March 2013 32

Figure IIII.3: The internal waste collection points in the CW of Port siite.


March 2013 33

ut

Existing outfalls and Sewage

1) The five SAG outfalls hru former South breakwater wave wall and two SL Navy/ SLPA outfalls towards Governor’s bath were permanently diverted to the SLPA road drains and observed functioning efficiently during the heavy rain fall in December period in 2012 (Picture III.4 .

2) Sewage and domestic effluents generated at the site were discharged in to septic tanks and soakage pits located within the premises. The septic tanks coupled with rubble filleed leachate fields were well maintainned and pummped out whhen filled usinng pump cars to the roaad tankers. Total volume of sewage pumped out from the site is given in Table III.3.

3) The surface drainage network in the IWA, CWA main breakwater and secondary breakwater were well buuilt and maintained preventing water accumulation or soil erossion. The side drains of internal roads constructed under this Contract were noticed we functioning during the heavy rain fall experienced in December period (Picture III.5).

Picture III.4: The existing SLPA & SL Navy ou falls near Governor’s

bath was connected to permanent drains & restored the land


March 2013 34

co

Archeological monuments 11) The “Battenberg Battery with built heritage value is the only monument in the site as well

recognized in the Environmental Impact Assesssment Report-EIAR- (Scoott Wilson Lttd, 2005, pp 3-26.). This was corddoned off witth permanen structures and was conntinuously monitored thru visual inspections Picture III.6 shows well protected monument after site restoration). Special precautions like minimizing use of heaavy equipment and vibrators were followed during the removal of SAGT boundary wall adjoining to the monument at the Harbour Master’s offiice side. The monument remained undisturbed at completion of work and is well protected now.

Interaction with external parties

12)

13) 14)

The use of directive/ warning signs and deploying traffic control men along the site access roads to the IWA, CWA, MBW and Small Boat Harbour access via SAGT premises continued until November, when the road network was completed (Picture III.7). The trained traffic control flagmen and sign boards were intermittently being placed for remaining work within the site during the reporting period. The new acccess road to the Colombbo South Harrbour, which was declareed open in October is now being shared for AGT containe traffic and construction traffic of SCCT and HDEC. The South Container Terminal (SCT Contractor continued dredging of the new harbor basin, reclamation of working area and terminal construction (Picture III.7). The SCT Contractor temporarily insstalled a crusher plant on the main breakwater land with approval of SLPA and continued operations without any safety or environmental non conformance

The SLPPA convened coordinating meetings when require for all stakeholder ageencies to enssure corporate liabilities on environmental and safety aspects.


March 2013 35


March 2013 36

Section 4 Material Haulage to South Harbour site The mitigation and monitoring related to delivery of quaried rock products to Port site is considered here since delivery of sand or significant volume of other material was not undertaken during reporting period; * Within he reporting period, apprroximately 0.16 Mil m3 of quarried rock was delivvered to Port site thru the land routes. The marine haulage was termminated in April 2012. The land haulage shows declining trend until being terminated in 1

st week of September. The

mitigation measures adopted at land haulage to the Port site are discussed separately below. The focus of mitigation was to avoid or minimize adverse social impacts due to dust/ rock pieces dispersioon, traffic ongestion an road acciddents - partiicularly within Colombo City and along main access roads to the City. The avverage daily number of ruck loads delivered in each month within the reporting period is shown in Figure III.6. The progres of mitigattion measures adopted was as follows:- 1) Ensured the roc suppliers possess valiid quarry operating (rock extraction) permits from GSMB

and CEA, which stipulate ource level environmenta managemeent responsibbilities includding road mainntenance.

2) The transporters working for rock suppliers were educated regarding the general road raffic law enfoorced by Sri Lanka Policce Departmeent as given in Annex VII of “SEMR; January to June- 2010”. The main rock supplier during reportinng period was Hesei Lttd., claiming more than 90% of delivered rock volume to the Port site poossessed the GSMB permit no. IML/BB/HO/4317 and CEA license no. CEA-A; 04271 (R 1) up to the end. The transporters were used to but refreshed to avoid road links and intersections refined as “unsatisfactory” based on the Level of Service (LoS and Volume-Capacity (VC) value in the secttion 4.18 of the EIAR (Sccott Wilson Ltd, 2005, pp 4-30). Thus the Baseline A-1 (Kanddy) roads we infrequently used for haulage, whereas limitted stretche of the A-3 (Puttalaam), B-1 (Awissawella), A-2 (Galle) oads were ussed for rock haul traffic. The EIAR recognized Srimatth Ponnambaalam Ramannathan Mawaatha (SPRM) as a stretch likely to be significantly affected with constructioon traffic. All the incoming rock haulinng trucks to the Port site concentrated in to this road since booth the truck inspection point (SL Naavy manned) and the truck entrance gate (No. 4) were located on this road However the Engineer’s traffic survey in January 012, when he daily average truck traffic was 126, indicated he contribution of Port construction rock hauling truck for cuumulative traffic flow was <2%. Thus the traffic hare during reporting period considered insignificaant presuming VC of road has not substantially changed over the reporting 6 months period. Consequently the share on other City roads was apparently well below significant level due to the diffusion. No notable congestion was reported while none of the stake holder agenncies related to land haullage; raised concerns over public complaints or non confoormance aggainst the law within repoorting period.


March 2013 37

Du

mp

Tru

ck N

o.

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

July August September October November December

Figure III.4: Monthly distribution of average daily delivered truck loads to Port site within 2

ndhalf,

2012.

3) Sourcing quarried rock from the diffused locations (as given in the quarry distribution map in

Annex V) in the out skirt of Colombo continued as in the past minimizing development of excessive traffic congestions along main accesses to the City.

4) In addition following mitigations were continued for effective traffic control within City limits;

Two way traffic for loaded and empty trucks respectively having Gate 4 as Port Entrance and (Seram) Gate 8 or Gate 5 as Port Exit points as shown in Annex VI,

Minimize rock haulage during peak traffic hours from 700 to 900 hrs and 1230 to 1430 hrs,

Restricted haulage on Sundays, Public holidays and days when large public influx is expected in Colombo or other public places on the route, (like Kochchikade Church),

Educated drivers on good driving practices and impose penalties for violations based on site monitoring findings.

5) Ensured all loaded trucks were top covered and fixed with rear side fall protection, 6) Ensured sub contracted haulers having emergency communication arrangements, 7) Liaised with relevant governmental Authorities as and when required, 8) Contractor’s HSE section monitored compliance of mitigation and reviewed at suppliers meeting.

The incoming rock hauling trucks were randomly checked on the site roads for; rear tail gates, dust preventing top cover, safe loading, signal lights and road worthiness (body condition, break etc.) at the former site entrance.


March 2013 38

Section 5 Construction of roads, utilities and buildings Following mitigations were adopted ensuring adequate control of vibration-noise; vehicular-fugitive emissions; spilling of effluents and unsuitable waste disposal from the construction and post construction operations:

1) All the operational equipment were maintained in good working order and operators were educated to adopt standard practices in addition to being monitored regularly to minimize excessive noise, vibration and emissions.

2) Minimized use of heavy equipment and vibrators for dismantling the wall adjoining to the Battenberg battery as an additional mitigation to protect historical monument.

3) Surface wetting through mechanical water sprinkling continued, particularly at the road works to suppress dust dispersion as and when required.

4) Solid waste including construction debris and garbage generated at the Small Boat Harbor (SBH) connected to main land through a narrow causeway also was collected at a designated point preventing open burning or dumping in to sea.

5) Wastes generated from the asphalt plant were collected by approved disposers whilst gaseous emission control system was well maintained.

6) The Sewage Treatment Plant (anaerobic digester) at the SBH was completed as per the Contract specifications and existing regulations (Picture III.8).

`

Picture III.8: The sewage treatment facility for the Control tower office complex at completion.

Section 6

Demobilization and Restoration Completion of the major operations subsequently necessitates demobilization of plant, machinery and site clearing with restoration as applicable. These locations were finally transformed to gather the designed features of the Project’s post completion land use plan. This section briefs the Contractor’s compliances with such environmental responsibilities.

1) Plants and machineries Followed by completion of marine material haulage and major constrictions the remaining vessel fleet comprised of 6 tug boats, 4 anchor boats, 4 survey boats and 15 barges are under maintenance to be demobilized. No marine pollution incidence recorded during vessel cleansing and maintenance undertaken in advance.


March 2013 39

Out of he land equipment-vehiccles; 14 crannes, 15 back hoes, 5 whheel loaders, 31 dump rucks, 18 mixer rucks etc. were repaired at the site Workshop and demobilized whils sum of ~80 such machinery are unde maintenaance within a restricted zone in CW to be demobilized-restored (Picture III.9). No ennvironmental pollution inccidents recoorded during this maintennance-demobilization operation. The crusher plant, one of two concrete baatching plannts and the asphalt plan were dismantled- demobilized and site were resttored to suit with the inteended future land use. The sand proocessing plant and 180t batchhing plant weere retained until substantial completio of defect correction.

2) Work fronts The new pilot statioon infrastruccture construuction, remaining work of Main breaakwater construction from Chh0-Ch1500m and road construction were the major work fronts in this period. At work completion these work fronts were demobbilized dismmantling assoociated tempporary facilities and clearing the construcction debris. The status after location restoration is shown in Picture III.10.

3) Temmporary faciliities The Conntractor’s temmporary fuel tanks- filling station, mporary site entrance gatte, vehicle workshop, civil secction workshoop, two out of three worrkers canteenns, part of abour camp- temporary jetty and 100t baatching-aspha plants with associateed infrastruccture were dismantled within this period. A section of temporary jetty-labour camp, sand processing plant, marin workshop and site offfices are remain until defect correction woork completion. Mitigatioons were adoopted to minnimize enviroonmental pollution thru dust, hazardoous material spill off and enssure public-workers heaalth-safety asspects as well. The maaterials were reused for ground restoration to the maximum exxtent possible and remaaining was dispatched hru approve waste handlers Consequeently the site was restored to suit with the inteended future land uses (Picture III.10). 4) Wastes The maajor types of wastes generated durring this period were omprised of construction debris, discardeed machinery parts, hazardous wastes from vessel-machinery maintenancce, wall paints-waste oil and oil contaminants etc. Thhese were suubject to souurce segregaation, on site temporary storage and disppatched thru government approved waste handlers. This aspect is further discussed under the waste management in Section 2.


March 2013 40


March 2013 41

Section 7 LoP, Poothupitiya, Wadduwa The Loaading out Point was hannded over to land owner after restorration and ore shore restoration also was completed in 1

st half of 2012 as repported in preevious report. The activitiees undertake at the

LoP in he reporting period restricted to shore line (visual and survey based) monitoring, maintenance and remmoval of remaining temporary rock revetment along North shorre from the LoP site as per the withdrawal and shoreline restoration plan given in Overrall the Contractor’s following actions ensure compliance with environmental responsibilities for site restoration;

Appraisal of the plan consulting stake holders an subject pecialists,

Incorporation of the local community concerns uring the process,

Shoreline monitoring throough visual inspections and cross profile-contour surveys,

Continuous maintenance of shoreline preventing property damages by scouring.

The major events undertaken are briefed below; 1) Revetment removal and Shoreline maintenance: Under he directives of CCD emaining rocck groyne stub removal commenced in mid Auggust and completed in one months period. The stoone removed was stock piled onshhore for mergency shoreline protection purposes. Simultanneously the Contractor revised shoreline restooration plan (Annex VIII) incorporaating the changing topograph of the coastal cell, community oncerns and whether forecast etc. The CCD approveed revised plan in mid September enabling to start revetment remov in last week of September. The revvetment removal was undertaken by sub contrractor; Nanddana Ltd.; under the regular supervision of CCD, Client, Engineer and Contractor staffs. The reveetment crest was lowered to +1.0 MSSL, maintaining 1:2 slopees. Stone remmoved was placed in trenches cut on back shore parallel to shore line as direccted by the CCD (Picture 11). This strructure is expected to act as a secondary protection line on backsshore in case of extensivve souring onditions in futurre. The revvetment remmoval was completed in mid Deecember witthout any reported environmmental incidents. 2) Shoreline monitoring: vissual and Survvey based monitoring weere undertakken to asses the responnsive change of the shore ne due to revvetment remmoval. Table III.4 presents a summary of beach surveys condducted at 50m intervals up to Ch 1500m North, Ch 500m Soutth along shooreline from the LoP emporary breakwaater location.

The commparison of 13th

November 2012 with baseline urvey on April 2008 (Annnex VIII) indiccates the

basin annd access hannel dredgged up to 4m has fully recovered eaching the general conntour line levels of the coastal cell. Picture III.12 indicaates a section of naturally nourished wide shore line at the Ch 100m north from LoP site. This connfirms Contrractor’s shorreline restorration operattion execute in particippation with all stake holders accommodaated the hydrrodynamic prrocesses to regain the natural balance within the coastal cell. Conntractor scheedule future monitoring to ensure hore profile stability and will be discussed in the Fina Environmental Report of Works. 3) Beach access for local community Contractor incorporated the conncerns of loccal fishermeen, residents and hotelieers for prepaaring the revision of the revettment removval plan, whiich was approved by the CCD. This minimized potential disturbance to the ocal community utility of shoreli


March 2013 42

In appreciation of local fishers’ request, Contractor improved nearly 120m beach section facing the public cemetery (~Ch 300m north) by preparing slope for easy handling of fishing crafts in early September. Contractor completed the agreed financial assistance for lost living by boat and net fishermen as summarized in Table III.5. The CCD, Fisheries Department, Client, Engineer and Fisheries Corporative Society-Pothupitiya involved for the estimation of lost living in 2012 following the pre-agreed transparent procedure, under the Project’s complaint (grievance) management process.

No DDates Survey type Commments

1 330/ 07 Topographic survey Comparing to 09/055 survey; no changes up to Ch700m, minor sand loss up to CCh 900m and slight accrettion up to Ch 1500m. No significant changes on South.

2 117,18/ 08 Topographic survey No significant changes comparing to above

3 222,24/ 09 Topographic survey No significant changes comparing to above

4 113/11 Topographic and Bathymetric survey

Comparing to 09/055 survey; slightt accretion up to Ch 300m North but no significant changes along rest of North and South sections. Comparing to the pre-construction (Base line) undertaken in 2008; Minor sand deficit noticed up to Ch 400m North whereas rest of the North and South sections apparently returned to baseline levels.

Table III.5: The financial assistance extended by Contractor for fishers compensating lost living

Category of fishermen

Payment

Remarks Period Amount (SLR)

Date From To

Entangle netting Jan.-2011 Apr.-2012 900000 th 9 Aug. 2012 Balance 50% installment

Dinghy boats March.2012 Mid Apr 2012 33600 th 9 Aug. 2012 Balance 20% installment

Paddle boats March.2012 Mid Apr 2012 187200 th 9 Aug. 2012 Balance 20% installment


March 2013 43

No incidents of disturbing traditional fishing practices and access to beach directly caused by the shoreline maintenance activities were recorded whilst no secondary effects by excessive scouring due to long term Project impacts on shore line endangering local community properties and preventing fishing craft movements also were recorded during this period. The traditional practices in progress were pictured in December 2012 in Picture III.12).

Pictures III.12: The restored shoreline at Ch100m North from the LoP

Section 10

The progress of attending the 3rd

party liabilities related to Quarry operations The progress of actions adopted as per the stipulations of GSMB permit and the Initial Environmental Examination approval granted by GSMB with consent of CEA are as follows; 1) Contractor agreed to compensate for 21 new claims for house damages based on

recommendation of the relevant government Authorities; the GSMB and Divisional Secretariat-

Dodangoda, even though these are located out side the GSMB prescribed potential impact zone

as given in the IEER (HDEC, 2009; pp 65). The Technical Services division of GSMB and

independent consultant (University of Moratuwa) has undertaken the “post blasting structural

status survey” and damage repair costing of the residents respectively.

2) Contractor is preparing to remove the 170m section of quarry access road across paddy land to

quarry site followed by rejection of transferring Contractor’s agreement with liaising with the Agrarian Development Department (ADD) for the access demolition-restoration to the quarry land proprietor’s name. The sub contracted hauler (Prime Logistics) has undertaken haul route maintenance

responsibility as per PRDA (WP) requirements on behalf of the Contractor. On the basis of

satisfactory work done, the PRDA (WP) has issued letter of completion of 1600m PRDA road

maintenance work and terminating Contractor’s liabilities (Pictures III.13).


March 2013 44

Table III.6: Environmental monitoring requirements stipulated by environmental permits

Pictures III.13: The improved section of Dodangoda-Nehinna PRDA (WP) road and the restored section of built quarry access along rubber estate border as seen now. This connects to remaining section to be restored across the paddy land.

Section 12

Monitoring requirements The environmental media with the measuring parameter and specified locations as stipulated by the permits are described here. The requirements of monitoring are summarized in Table III.6 below;

No. Permit & location Monitoring requirements

1 CCD permit - CSH Overall site management as described in the EIAR (Annex II)

2 EPL – Batching plants at CSH Operational noise and air quality

(parameters given under the item # 1.01 & 2.01 of Annex II) 3 EPL – Crusher plant at CSH

4 EPL – Asphalt plant at CSH

5 IEE approval (CCD) - LoP Shoreline restoration to the baseline status

6 IEE approval (GSMB) – Quarry Site and access road restoration requirements

7 Mining License - Quarry

8 EPL - Quarry


March 2013 45

Table IV.1: Revised monitoring requirements during the reporting period

Annex IV

Impact Confirmation Monitoring

Section 1 Monitoring Requirements The Schedule for Environmental Compliance and Impact Confirmation Monitoring in the EMP (Annex II) was altered considering completion of marine operations and major land based operations. The remaining monitoring was also scheduled to be terminated in September 2012. The revised monitoring requirement to capture cumulative environmental effects as agreed between Contractor, Engineer and Client is given in Table IV.1.

No. Parameter Monitoring Location Frequency

01 General Air Quality Hourly Levels of NO2, SO2 and CO in ppm. 24 hourly hourly average of PM10 in

mg/m3

Boundary of port premises at Chaitya and

th former south wave wall of Port-near 6 lamp post of SAGT (locations 1 and 2 of figure IV.1)

Terminated since major land construction and haulage were completed

02 Noise Hourly noise levels at 5 minutes intervals in dB (A)

Boundary of port premises at Navy quarters, Chaitya, Harbor Masters Building and SAGT Pilot Station (respectively locations 1, 2, 3 & 4 of figure IV.1 )

03 Ground Vibration Maritime museum (location1) & Harbor

Master’s office (location 2) of figure 5 of EMP.

04 Water Quality Parameters; pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, TSS, DO, BOD5, COD, Total P, Total N, Total Coli forms, Faecal Coli forms, NH3-N (Top & Bottom) Heavy Metals Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Sn, Hg, As, Nn, Al Pesticides Aldrin, Dieldrin

Figure IV.2 ; Locations 1, 4, 8, 17, 18, 20

Once

05 Sediment Quality; NH3-N, Total N, Total P, Sulphide, Total Organic Carbon Heavy Metals Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Sn, Hg, As, Nn, Al Organo chlorides Aldrin, Dieldrin, PCBs, DDTs

Figure IV.2 , locations 1, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24,

30, 40 Figure IV.2 , locations 16, 22, 24, 40

Once

06 Water Quality Concentration levels of suspended sediments; Suspended sediment concentration Current speed & direction Dissolved oxygen concentration

Figure IV.2 , locations 16, 24, 40 * Reference station in front of Kelani river mouth * 03 mobile stations as defined by SW/ SLPA and was altered to suit the zones of dredging & reclamation

Terminated since marine works completed

07 Watching brief for under water heritage during dredging

Off shore dredging & reclamation areas (as recommends by Archeology Dept.)

08

Settlement monitoring Vertical & horizontal coordinates (reference points)

Harbour Master’s Building, Chaitya, Museum & Water tank (as marked on figure IV.1)

Monthly (3 reports)

09 Photographic survey Visual features of key building

Harbour Master’s Building, Chaitya, Museum & Water tank

Once


March 2013 46

Figure IV.1: Air quaality, Noise and Vibration monitoring locations att Port site, Colombo.


March 2013 47

Figure IV.2: Water quality, Sediment quality and suspended sediment concentration monitoring locations at Port site, Colombo


March 2013 48

Section 2

Marine water quality at Port site According to the Contractor’s revised program for marine water quality analysis (at marked locations in Figure IV. 2) the sampling for water quality was scheduled in September 2012. The Contractor employed Environment Division of NBRO; a government scientific organization for this since the start of the Project. Despite Contractor’s efforts the marine water quality assessment during reporting period, remains outstanding due to unprecedented extreme wave climate prevailed and difficulties in mobilizing limited resources (boat & divers etc.) to suit with NBRO time schedules. However, using the benefit of calm sea conditions the Contractor is liaising with relevant NBRO staff for sampling soon.

The samples will be analyzed for; pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, TSS, DO, BOD5, COD, Total P, Total N, Total Coli forms, Faecal Coliforms, NH3-N (top & bottom), Heavy Metals (Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Sn, Hg, As, Nn, Al) and Pesticides(Aldrin, Dieldrin) as in the past.

1) During the reporting period The marine operations carried out within this period were limited to vessel fleet maintenance, defect correction of sea front slopes of breakwaters and navigation, which do not cause significant water pollution unless of oil or chemical spill. Incidents of spills from operations changing the physiochemical features of water column were not reported during this period. Consequently the effects on marine ecosystem must be insignificant. This is confirmed by having no reported incidents of affected fish flocks within the impact zone or receiving no complaints of reducing fish yield from local fishers in the region within the reporting period.

Constructional phase cumulative impact As described under the “reporting period impacts” no potential pollution incidents reported within this period. However in long term perspective, the micro environmental hydrodynamic processes like; Kelani river influx, sea waves and littoral drift etc. influence the mixing of detached nutrients and heavy metals during past dredging in to sea waters changing the physiochemical features of water column. Since the influence of hydrodynamic processes in the area follow a similar variation pattern over each year its effects on cumulative impacts is insignificant. Hence in general the cumulative impacts remain similar to the status reported in the last Semiannual Environmental Monitoring Report; January to June 2012 (Scott Wilson Ltd, 2012).

The last Semiannual Environmental Monitoring Report states that the nutrient level in marine waters within the impact area was less impacted with CSH Works comparing to the influence of Kelani River. With regard to Heavy metals the report states that Hg, Pb and As levels had exceeded EIAR defined Trigger Values (Scott Wilson Ltd, 2005, pp A 3-6) and factually suggested potential sources as dredging for Hg, external discharge for As and dredging or external discharge for Pb. 2) Responsive actions to prevent human impacts and determine mitigations Literarily the elevated concentration of toxicants (particularly present levels of Hg and historical levels of Pb in the marine water column) pose a risk for primary human contact and for consumer stage of food web thru bio accumulation as per the relevant AN-ZECC, 2000 guidelines.

However considering the site specific conditions the potential primary/ secondary human contacts are highly limited. Particularly the entire impact zone falls within the high security zone of Colombo Port, where swimming and fishing are banned preventing curtailing human contacts. Similarly this zone is not being inhabited by primary producers or spawning fish (Scott Wilson, 2005, pp 4-20) that predominantly intake toxicants in to the food web minimize risk of bioaccumulation. Further the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005, pp 4-20) reveals this zone does not host any ecologically sensitive receptors.

As responsive actions to prevent possibilities secondary contact at Port operations the SLPA has educated Terminal Operators/ construction parties regarding the potential content of excess heavy metals in the water column. Further the SLPA is considering developing a rigorous water quality monitoring scheme within the existing Port to accurately determine the toxicant levels, distribution and existing sources etc. for decision making on further responsive actions. The SLPA also guided the Terminal Construction Contractors to take over from the terminating water and sediment quality monitoring program under this contract (CSH Works) maintaining the integrity of data base to recognize trends in long term perspective.


March 2013 49

Table IV.2: The summary of settlement monitoring results within 2nd

half 2012.

Section 3 Marine sediment quality at Port site Similarly the marine water quality, Contractor was unable to conduct sediment sampling as scheduled in September and liaising with NBRO to carry out together with water sampling. Samples will be analyzed for Organic/Inorganic compounds (O&IC); Total N, NH3-N, S, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total P and Heavy Metals (HM); Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Sn, Hg, As, Al.

1) During the reporting period The limited light operations carried out during this period were unlikely to cause impacts on the physiochemical composition of the seabed sediments. Hence the sediment quality impact in the impact area considered insignificant during the reporting period. However, the sample analysis results will provide analytical basis in support of this suggestive conclusion.

2) Constructional phase cumulative impact As described under the “reporting period impacts” no potential sea bed pollution incidents reported within this period. However in long term perspective, the micro environmental hydrodynamic processes like; Kelani river influx, sea waves and littoral drift etc. influence the translocation- resettlement of detached nutrients and heavy metals during past dredging in sea bed layers, changing the physiochemical features. Since the influence of hydrodynamic processes in the area follow a similar variation pattern over a year its effects on cumulative impacts is insignificant. Hence in general, the cumulative impacts remain similar to the status reported in the last Semiannual Environmental Monitoring Report; January to June 2012 (Scott Wilson Ltd, 2012). The last Semiannual Environmental Monitoring Report states that non metal composition in the impact area was mostly influenced by influx from the Kelani River. Further the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005. pp 3-5) states N and P content levels in sediment at reference level (2004) were typical of coastal sediments but not indicative of pollutants. With regard to Heavy metals the report states that distribution trend analysis implied sediment composition changes of Cd, Ni, Cu, Cr and Pb was insignificant but that of Hg was significant. The report suggested there was high potential of releasing Hg from dredging contaminating marine water column in the impact area.

The responsive measures described under section 2.3 were developed on the basis of elevated toxicant levels in water column as well as these trends with regard to sea bed sediment in the impact zone.

Section 4 Settlement monitoring Settlement monitoring was continued until September 2012 (to assess the impact of vibration caused by trucks and construction plant) at the sensitive structures (Harbour Masters Building, SLPA Water Tank, Chaitya Temple and Museum) in the Port, located in close proximity to the Construction operational area as given in Figure IV.1.

The survey results confirm there is no impact on the stability of Habour Master’s Building, SLPA Water Tank and Museum since the commencement of the project over the construction period.

Monitoring Date and Observation Based on Results

No.

Harbour Master's

Building

SLPA Water Tank and

Sump

Museum

Date Movement Date Movement Date Movement

51 July‐23 No July‐23 No July‐23 No

52 Aug ‐ 21 No Aug ‐ 21 No Aug ‐ 21 No

53 Pending


March 2013 50

Section 5 Ecology and Fish Habitual The “Onagala reef” has high density and diversity of colonization comparing to the reefs in the potential impact zone as per the EIAR (Scott Wilson, 2005. pp 3-14, 15). Hence the periodical monitoring was undertaken at this reef to assess the impact level on ecology & fish habitual. The survey was conducted by a specialized diver/ leading scientist on “reef ecology”, who did the baseline survey for EIA study as well now attached to the Marine Biological Resources Division of NARA. Results of ecological survey conducted at off set of NE monsoon; on 24

th March 2012 with

participation of Engineer’s and Client’s representatives was submitted by NARA in October 2012 (Annex XI). The results indicate west reef was unable to be surveyed due to high turbidity (visibility < 50 cm) and east reef was surveyed under low visibility (1m to 5m). According to survey hard corals were very rare but soft corals and gorgonians were common whilst 52 species of reef fish were recorded. The survey was conducted nearly two weeks after termination of dredging Works and hence the high turbidity recorded in absence of Project work influence implies the ecosystem experiences high turbidity under natural conditions. Thus the Project impact upon this comparatively sensitive eco system appears to be insignificant and hence the ecology and fish habitual impacts also considered insignificant.

Section 6 Photographic Survey The photographic surveys conducted up to mid 2012 indicated no significant adverse impacts on monitored structures, the water tank, Museum, Chaitya and Harbour Master’s building. Contractor indicated that the final survey would be undertaken in 1

st quarter 2013.


March 2013 51

Annex V

The distribution of rock supply quarries to the Port site


March 2013 52

Annex VI

Quarried rock supply dump truck routes within Colombo City

1 Ambatale Junction 6 Gate 4; Portentrance 2 Ingurukade Junction 7 Gate 8; Port exit 3 Sugatadasa stadium Jun. 8 New road junction 4 Jetawana Rd- George Silva Mw. 9 Modara police junction 5 George Silva Mw. - P'm Ramanadan Mw. 10 Sedawatta Junction

Loaded D/T Route Empty D/T Route


March 2013 53

Annex VII

The Contactor’s Revised Plan to Withdraw Temporary Structures at the Loading out Point


March 2013 54


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Annex VIII The LoP North-South Beach Monitoring Survey Results

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4

2011 GRW 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 20112012 2004 2012 2004 2012 2004 2012 2004

Annex IX

Measured Marine Water Quality Levels at Port Site, Colombo.

Comparison of measured (2009, 2010, 2011) with base line (2004) water quality at the Colombo Port site 1 8 17 18

Parameter/Loc 20 Trigger Values

ation 2009 2010 2011 2012 2004 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2010 2012 2004 LTV HTV (95%) (80%) GTL‐RW

2Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt 2Qt 3Qt 4Qt 1Qt Refer TSS mg/l 87 37.4 10 6.5 10 3.2 2.2 1.9 3 2.8 6.7 67.5

19.6

5.6 7.8 7.5

11.7 3.1 2.8 <1 I.I 3.7 73.3

20.9

6.1

27.4 22 4.8 5.1 3.2 1.3 1 <1 12.8 71 30.2

4.1

14.5 12 3.8 5 3.5 2.3 7.3 7.8 13.9 63.8

25.3

6.1 6.4 18 1.8 6 5.6 4.3 4 5 9.2 63.8

24.2

4.6 6.7 12 2.7 2 3.6 3.4 1 1.2 2.8 no DO mg/l 6.95 6.1

7.13

6.66

8.33

7.01 8.3 8.3 7 8.2 6.3 7.01

6.8

8.95

7.02

8.09

8.23 8.2 8.9

8.08

6.94 7.1 5.88

6.8

8.69

6.23

7.56

8.11 8 8.9 8.8

8.08

7.44 6.7 6.75

6.3 7.7 5.3

6.64

7.73

7.56

9.7 8.2

8.08

8.61 7 5.99

6.6

7.05

6.18

7.47

8.39

7.58

7.7 8.8

8.94

8.45 6.5 5.94

5.9

8.24

5.9

6.91

6.96

6.89

7.6 7.7

7.45

9.58 6.5 >6.5* BOD mg/l 1.34

1.56

3.61

1.41

4.54

2.49 2.9 3.6 3.5 3.72 7 1.11

1.41

5.58

0.92

4.11

4.69 3.16

4.2

4.21

1.72 7.5 0.05

1.63

4.21

0.87

3.65

4.86

3.86

3.23

3.5

3.54

3.12 10.5 1.82

1.89

3.08

1.85

1.78

4.74

2.6

3.82

3.4

5.19

3.81 8.5 0.43

1.94

2.71

0.1

3.47

5.4

3.75

4.5 5.5

4.41 4.3 8.5 0.32

1.21

3.32

0.85

311

3.59

1.84

3.7 1.6 1.8 2.5 12 COD mg/l 9.6 8.6 9.6

10.2 12 10.8 14 9 8 7 18.8 20 15 7 15 18 12 14 8 7 9 74.9 9 12 9 12 18 19 21 15 12 6 6 21.4 6 8.5 6 18 15 22 26 25 19 20 18 45.1 2 6.9 13 9 10 24 12 14 13 11 15 23.5 2.5 4 17 2.5 7 25.8 8 8 8.5 7 8 28.2

Tot‐ P mg/l 0.24

0.41

0.66

0.27

0.38

0.16 0.18

0.19

0.18

0.21 <0.01 0.18

0.42

0.56

0.29

0.39

0.25 0.37

0.14

0.2 0.16

<0.01 0.2

0.36

0.73

0.16

0.31

0.15

0.19

0.12

0.13

0.14

0.12

<0.01

0.26

0.35

1.17

0.49

0.37

0.17

0.2

0.22

0.16

0.14

0.11 0.34 0.19

0.55

0.73

0.52

0.45

0.22

0.28

0.45

0.11

0.09

0.14 <0.01

0.17

0.18

0.97

0.16

2.9

0.11

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.09 0.1 <0.01 Tot ‐ N mg/l 9.8 6.7 3.4 4.1 4 3.6 4.1 3.4 2.5 2.1 51.19 9 6.9 2.3 4.2 2.8 5.2 4.8 3.1 2.4 2.2 44.73

7.42

6.4 3.6 7.2 3.1 4.8 4.6 5.1 4.8 2.9 2.9 29.85

7.77

6.8 4.2 7.2 3 5.8 6.6 6.5 5.1 3.2 2.9 91.1 8 6.5 4.8 7.6 3.3 6.2 7 6.8 5.8 4.8 4.7 77.01

7.42

7.1 5.2 7.2 3.2 6.8 6.8 6.3 6 4.1 4.3 122.18 10 NH3‐N (Top) mg 6.5 0.2 1 0.15

0.38

0.16 0.02

0.04

0.09

0.08 0.036 6.5

0.25

0.15

<0.1

0.52

0.25 0.03

0.02

0.09

0.08

0.065 6.1

0.18

0.05

0.22

0.45

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.03

0.11

0.13

0.055 6.7

0.14

0.26

0.27

0.78

0.08

0.02

0.04

0.04

0.12 0.1 0.07 6.6

0.12

0.37

0.16

0.13

0.06

0.06

0.09

0.1

0.09

0.13 0.034 6.4

0.27

0.12

0.47

0.35

0.22

0.18

0.22

0.18

0.08

0.09 <.005 0.91 1.7 0.001 NH3‐N (Btm) m 6.6 0.21

0.01

0.17

0.19

0.1 0.04

0.04

0.09

0.09 0.026 6.5

0.22

0.16

<0.1

0.54

0.53 0.04

0.02

0.06

0.08 0.08 6.2 0.2

0.11

0.28

0.51

0.14

0.06

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.14

0.131 6.7

0.16

0.04

0.21

0.79

0.14

0.06

0.1 0.1

0.13 0.1 0.023 6.7

0.16

0.4

0.26

0.5

0.12

0.12

0.12

0.15

0.15

0.15 <.005 6.6

0.29

0.1

0.52

0.39

0.52

0.42

0.35

0.29

0.09

0.09 0.026 Tot Coliform/100ml 3 0 11 0 8 2 40 0 12 2400 5 9 2 0 0 3 76 0 8 130 4 14 45 0 3 5 4 60 37 8 70 9 4 105 0 3 4 18 78 10 18 2600 6 26 96 1 1 800 84 40 11 15 2200 5 24 1812 105 19 40 12 86 68 60 17000

Faec. Coliform/ 100ml 0 0 5 0 2 2 30 0 0 90 0 0 0 0 0 2 30 0 0 11 0 0 30 0 0 2 3 28 0 0 8 0 0 35 0 0 2 10 56 0 0 800 0 0 80 1 1 210 80 30 0 0 700 2 2 1700

78 0 28 3 48 0 40 700

Cu mg/l <0.04

<0.04

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05 Cr mg/l <0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.01

<0.05 <0.05 <.05 <.05 <0.03 <0.04 <0.04 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <.05 <.05 <0.03 <0.04 <0.04 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <.05 <.05 <0.03 <0.04 <0.04 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <.05 <.05 <0.03 <0.04 <0.04 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <.05 <.05 <0.03 <0.04 <0.04 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <.05 <.05 <0.03 0.0013 0.008 1 <0.01 0.016 0.01 <0.01 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.014 0.01 <0.01 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.011 0.011 0.02 <0.01 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 0.08 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.015 0.015 0.02 <0.01 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 0.08 <0.08 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.08 0.0274 0.09 0.05

Ni mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.06 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.06 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.06 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.06 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.06 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.14 <0.06 0.07 0.56 0.01 0.1

Pb mg/l <0.1

<0.08

0.16

<0.15

1.6 <.4 <0.1

<0.1

<.05

<.02 0.26 <0.1

<0.08

<0.1

<0.15

1.7 0.8 <0.1

<0.1

<.05

<.02

0.309

<0.1 <0.08

<0.1

<0.15

1.9 0.9 1.6

<0.1

<0.1

<.05

<.02 <0.1 <0.1

<0.08

<0.1

<0.15

<1.5

0.9 0.6

<0.1

<0.1

<.05

<.02 0.107

<0.1 <0.08

0.16

<0.15

<1.5

0.8 1.4

<0.1

<0.1

<.05

<.02 0.112

<0.1 <0.08

0.12

<0.15

1.8 1.3 1.2

<0.1

<0.1

<.05

<.02 <0.1 0.0044

0.012 0.05

Cd mg/l <0.01

<0.01 <0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.00 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.00 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.00 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.0055 0.036 0.005

Sn mg/l <1 <1 <1 <1 1.45

<.4 <0.5

<0.5

<0.4

<0.4 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <.5 <0.5

<0.5

<0.4

<0.4 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.4

<0.4 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.4

<0.4 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 1.11

<.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.4

<0.4 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

<0.4

<0.4 <1 ID ID Hg mg/l <0.5

<0.3

<0.5

<0.5

0.41

0.34 0.2 0.2

0.56

0.32 <.001 <0.5

<0.3

<0.5

<0.5

0.44

0.33 0.2 0.2

0.41

0.32

<.001

<0.5

<0.3

<0.5

<0.5

0.38

0.28

0.25

0.3 0.3

0.31

0.39

<.001

<0.5

<0.3

<0.5

<0.5

0.28

0.29

0.28

0.4

0.35

0.31

0.33 <.001

<0.5

<0.3

<0.5

<0.5

0.24

0.19

0.21

0.41

0.45

0.31 0.3 <.001

<0.5

<0.3

<0.5

<0.5

0.2

0.18

0.16

0.16

0.15

0.2 0.17 <.001 0.0004

0.0014 0.001 As mg/l <0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<.01 <0.2

<0.1

0.03

0.03 0.001 <0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<.02 <0.2

<0.1

<0.02

0.04

0.001

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<.02 <0.02

<0.2

<0.1

0.03

0.03

0.001

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<.02 <0.02

<0.2

<0.1

0.04

0.04 0.001

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<.02 <0.02

<0.2

<0.1

0.04

0.05 0.001

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<.01

<0.02

<0.2

<0.1

<0.02

0.03 0.001 ID ID

Al mg/l <0.2

<0.2

0.45

0.4

0.42

0.28 0.15

0.16

0.16

0.14 <1 <0.2

<0.2

0.81

0.52

0.43

0.27 0.16

0.22

0.11 0.1 <1 <0.2

<0.2

0.48

0.5

0.44

0.16

0.21

0.19

0.6 0.4 0.18 <1 <0.2

<0.2

0.67

0.85

0.38

0.4

0.55

0.21

0.4 0.3 0.19 <1 <0.2

<0.2

0.68

0.97

0.97

0.52

0.61

0.23

<.2 0.3 0.2 <1 <0.2

<0.2

1.96

0.99

0.95

0.55

0.5

0.08

<.2

0.15

0.11 <1 ID ID Aldrin micro g/l <0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

Dieldrin micro g/ <0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 ID ID 0.001 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <0.2 ID ID 0.001

HTV: Triggure Value for Protecting 95% of Undisturbed Marine Ecosystems, LTV: Triggure Value for Protecting 80% of Disturbed Marine Ecosystems, GTL‐RW: Guideline Toxicant Levels for Recreational Waters {as per ANZECC,2000 (Scott Wilson, 2005. pp 3‐ , A3‐1 )}, Qt: Quarter.

Trigger value may not protect species from accute toxicity Chemicals for which possible bioaccumulation & secondary poisioning effects be considered Monitoring value > Value in 2004 Monitoring value > Value in 2004 and Higher Trigger Value (HTV)


March 2013 103

Annex X

Measured Marine Sediment Quality Levels at Port Site, Colombo.


March 2013 104

9 1004 10 11 10 11 09 11 09 11 0904

Comparison of measured (2009, 2010, 2011) and base line (2004) sediment quality in CSH area

SQ-1 (Reclamation zone) SQ-16 SQ-18 (New inner harbour) SQ-21(New inner harbour) SQ-22 SQ-24 (Dredging zone)

Parameter/Location 09 10 11 11 04 09 09 10 10

2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt

Refer 2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt Refer 2Qt 4Qt 2Qt 4Qt 3Qt 4Qt Refer LTV (95%) HTV (80%)

NH3-

N(mg/kg) 241 18 12 8 12 ND 214 12 12 18 11 18 ND 222 15 24 17.8 16 17.8 50 213 19 30 16 12 16 224 16 15 81 75 81 ND 221 28 32 48 28 48

ND 227 22 27.4 55 50 55 35 203 21 19.2 64 59 64 ND

Tot N(mg/kg) 3095 509 23 20 23 29624 2990 142 218 32 25 32 39310.21 3155 163 690 1523 850 1523 21865 2777 828 344 48 690 48 2887 102 575 2036 2036 2036 28928 3227 1008 534 1512 1100 1512

23292 3622 1200 712 1550 980 1550 25493 2940 37.9 116 1689 1200 1689 23401

Tot P(mg/kg) 15 9.2 20 12 20 <1 22 22 0.11 10 6.6 10 115.54 27 7.6 0.565 10 13.6 10 41.18 34 43 0.34 40 18 40 22 6.1 0.44 50 19 50 <1 46 5.2 0.49 18 18 18

23.5 31 33 0.58 20 20.6 20 <1 18 3 0.16 7 10.6 7 354.8

Tot Org. C % 0.03 3.46 0.3 0.13 0.3 6410.26 0.3 0.16 0.07 0.2 5.32 0.2 5121.49 2.41 0.69 0.69 4 3.68 4 3204 1.6 1.43 1.43 0.02 2.56 0.02 0.3 0.26 0.26 4.6 4.34 4.6 18652 0.14 2.2 2.75 3.9 3.9 3.9

7526 10 5.2 3.14 4.4 3.21 4.4 2859 1.75 0.06 0.42 3.4 2.78 3.4 29903

Tot S % <.05 <.05 <.04 <.05 <.05 440 <.05 0.16 <.05 <.04 <.05 <.05 1080 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.04 <.05 <.05 8508 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.04 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.04 <.05 106 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.04 <.05 <.05

276 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.04 <.05 <.05 770 <.05 <.05 <.05 <.04 <.05 <.05 1152

Cu(mg/kg) 171.3 3.6 0.16 4.2 4.9 24.9 2.6 5.05 10.64 13.8 7.8 16.5 19.9 38.9 54.9 <1.5 18.3 254.7 27.6 57.5 45.5

10.7 51.1 14 51.62 7.3 1.1 33.2 63.6 68 27.2 <1.5 65 270

Cr(mg/kg) 44.7 5.6 0.16 5.7 15.9 20.9 9.6 26.61 27.52 41.2 34.1 38.5 43.9 50.8 54.9 15.11 36.5 62.3 51.3 71.3 45.5

45.2 91.58 17 54.1 25.1 24.3 12.6 49.7 78.7 68.4 14.86 80 370

Ni(mg/kg) 12.6 1.1 0.16 3.2 13.9 23 1.7 <6 <6 13.8 8.9 12.3 27.9 47.9 20.2 <6 14.7 20.1 19.7 39.6 16.1

<6 38.9 1 <6 7.9 1.3 1.6 30.8 45.8 27.3 <6 21 52

Pb(mg/kg) 18.5 4.1 0.16 5.8 15.9 23 5 12.04 26.87 14.8 14.1 17.8 22.9 47.9 19.7 <10 17.3 21.1 28.6 39.6 11.8

<10 41.4 4 30.35 10.2 18.4 3.2 20.8 45.8 22.5 <10 50 220

Cd(mg/kg) <0.8 0.53 0.16 0.66 <0.7 35.9 <.8 <1 <1 1.4 3.9 5.6 <0.7 44.5 <.8 <1 4.1 <0.8 <0.7 55.2 <.8

<1 4.1 <0.8 <1 3.3 0.8 <0.8 <0.7 48.2 1.2 <1 2 25

Sn(mg/kg) 31.1 28.6 0.16 15.5 8.8 9.1 7.5 <100 <100 53.3 8.7 12.8 7.9 10.2 7.5 <100 16.6 8.62 8.7 9.5 6.6

<100 15.9 4 <100 28.2 12.5 4 9.9 12 9.8 <100

Hg(mg/kg) 0.08 0.9 0.16 1.2 0.4 1.4 0.14 <.1 0.1 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.1 0.7 0.18 0.1 2.9 0.1 1.1 1.3 0.22

0.2 3.5 0.09 0.2 1.2 1.6 0.11 0.84 0.9 0.25 <0.1 0.15 1

As(mg/kg) <1 6.3 0.16 <1 <0 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 19.4 2.3 <0 <1 <1 <1 17.2 <1 <0 <1 <1

<1 <1 <1 <1 23.4 <1 <1 <0 <1 <1 <1 20 70

Al(mg/kg) 26096 1.9 0.16 17.8 1578 9580 3700 8080.47 10862 32.2 23.5 25100 15115 25110 55400 4700 33.7 40070 17661 27000

39000 17962 160.5 3214 26929 17.5 26.5 3430 19483 29483 73200 6813

HTV: Higher Triggure Value, LTV: Lower Triggure Value {as per ANZECC,2000 (Scott Wilson, 2005. pp 3-5)}, Qt: Quarter.

Monitoring value > Value in 2004

Monitoring value > Value in 2004 and Higher trigger value

Monitoring value > Value in 2004 and Lower trigger value


March 2013 105

Annex XI The Ecological Survey of Ongala Reef.

10/8/2012

Survey of Onagala Reef

Survey of Onagala Reef to assess impacts due to the development of the Colombo South harbour

National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency, Crow Island, Colombo 15.

Introduction

A rapid reef survey was conducted at Onagala Reef on 24 March 2012 to monitor the impacts due to the

expansion and development of the Colombo South Harbour. NARA conducted similar surveys in 2004,

2010 and 2011.

Onagala reef has two parallel ridges, namely; Shallow Ridge (East reef) and Deep Ridge (West reef)

described in previous reports (NARA 2004, 2010 & 2011). The shallowest points on these two reefs were

surveyed in order to compare species diversity and abundance of benthic organisms with previous studies

conducted by NARA at the same locations.


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Materials and Methods

This survey was carried out on the East and West reefs at the same locations surveyed during previous

surveys (2004, 2010 and 2011). The locations were; N 06°.99668, E 079°.83463 on the East reef and at

N6 59.636 E79 50.013 on the West reef.

The survey was conducted using scuba. The intended survey methods was to take underwater

photographs of the reef substrate in an area of 1 square meter at 3 m intervals along a distance of 30 m on

each ridge. The species diversity and abundance of reef fish were to be recorded along a 50 m belt transect

with a width of 5 m (English et al. 2007). However, this method could not be used due to very high

turbidity and only underwater photos and video were taken wherever water clarity permitted to obtain

relatively clear underwater photographs.

Underwater photographs and video were taken using a Canon G11 digital camera with an Ikelite housing

and strobe. The colours of the photographs were adjusted using Adobe Photoshop to improve the quality

of the images.

Results

West reef

The West reef could not be surveyed due to very high turbidity; visibility was less than 50 cm at the

bottom.

East reef

Visibility was very low (~ 1 m) at the base of the reef but varied from 1 m to about 5 m on the high areas of

the reef. The extent of the area with relatively clear water was only about 25 m lengthwise on the shallow

areas of the reef. Therefore it was not possible to carry out the planned sampling method. Patches of

suspended particulate matter formed suspended sediment clouds in mid water making it difficult to see

fishes at a distance. As the survey could not be carried out as planned several photographs and video clips

were taken wherever possible to illustrate marine biodiversity on the reef.

Corals

Hard corals were extremely rare and only one colony of Montastrea valencienesi was present in the area

investigated. Soft corals (Dendronephthya sp) and gorgonians were common.

Reef fish

Fifty two (52) species of reef fish were recorded (Table 1). The largest schools were formed by Caesio

cuning (Caesionidae), Lutjanus fulvus (Lutjanidae) and Neopomacentrus asyzron (Pomacentriae).

Wrasses (Thallasoma lunare and T. amblycephalus) formed small groups and were widely distributed.

Three species of butterfly fish (Chaetodon decussatus and C. collare and Heniochus acuminatus) and two

species of angelfish (Pomacanthus annularis and P. semicirculatus) were recorded.

Table 1. List of fish species recorded on Onagala Reef on 23 March 2012

Acanthurus bariene

Acanthurus mata

Acanthurus xanthopterus

Aulostomus chinensis

Aspidontus taeniatus


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Cirripectes sp

Ecsenius bicolor

Caesio cuning

Caranx sexfasciatus

Chaetodon collare

Chaetodon decussatus

Heniochus acuminatus

Plectorhinchus schotaf

Bodianus axillaris

Bodianus neilli

Halicherious timorensis

Labroides dimidiatus

Thalassoma amblycephalum

Thalassoma lunare

Lutjanus biguttatus Lutjanus fulvus

Lutjanus lunulatus

Lutjanus monostigma

Lutjanus rivulatus

Monodactylus argenteus

Scolopsis vosmeri

Parapercis clathrata

Apolemichthys xanthurus

Centropyge multispinis

Pomacanthus annularis

Abudefduf septemfasciatus

Abudefduf sordidus

Abudefduf vaigiensis

Chromis cinerascens

Neoglyphidodon bonang

Neopomacentrus asyzron

Neopomacentrus cyanomos

Plectroglyphidodon leucozonus

Pomacentrus philippinus

Pomacentrus similis

Scarus ghobban

Scarus rubroviolaceus

Unidentified scarids

Cephalopholis formosa

Epinephelus quoyanus

Siganus javus

Siganus lineatus

Arthron hispidus

Zanclus cornutus


March 2013 108

Parastromateus niger

Selar sp

Rachycentrum canadum


March 2013 109

Grunts (Pomadasys sp.) and Fusiliers (Caesio cuning)

Blue ring angelfish (Pomacanthus annularis) is common on Onagala and other reefs on the west

coast.

Juvenile Blue ring angelfish (Pomacanthus annularis)

Grouper (Cephalopholis Formosa)

Collare butterflyfish (Chaetodon collare) and Moorish Idols (Zanclus canescens)

Indian yellowtail angelfish (Apolemichthys xanthurus)


March 2013 110

Rare and protected species

Gorgonians, soft corals and hard coral, all protected species were found on the reef and a solitary Tiger

Cowrie (Cypraea tigris) and tube worm (Sabellestarte sp). All these species are protected under the

Fauna and Flora Protection Act (FFP Act) of the Department of Wildlife Conservation.


March 2013 111

Any surveys in the future should be carried out when there is no dredging within and outside the harbour.

References

English, S., Wilkinson, C. and Baker, V. (eds.). (1997) Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources. 2nd

edition. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville.

NCRI. (2006). Coral Point Count w/Excel extensions, Ver 3.4. National Coral Reef Institute, Nova

Southeastern University, Oceanographic Center, FL.

NARA 2004. Preliminary Report for the Colombo Port Efficiency and Expansion Project

NARA 2010. Report on the Survey of Onagala Reef , 2010. pp.

NARA 2011. Report on the Survey of Onagala Reef, 2011. pp.11.

Photo credits

All photographs in this report were taken by A. Rajasuriya.

Panilurus versicolor

Fishing net entangled on the reef

Documents

Environmental Monitoring Report...The results of environmental compliance and impact confirmation monitoring together with complaints, non-compliances (if any) and responses are monitored