Environmental Interactions: Rural Land Resources Rural Land Resources are the product of the...
If you can't read please download the document
Environmental Interactions: Rural Land Resources Rural Land Resources are the product of the interaction of a wide range of physical factors modified by
Environmental Interactions: Rural Land Resources Rural Land
Resources are the product of the interaction of a wide range of
physical factors modified by human activity. The resultant rural
landscapes offer a variety of physical, economic and social
opportunities.
Slide 2
1.Characteristics of glaciated upland, upland limestone and
coastal landscapes. 2.The evolution of these landscapes. 3.Economic
and social opportunities in these areas. 4.Environmental problems
and conflicts in these areas. 5.UK and European Union policies.
Environmental Interactions: Rural Land Resources
Slide 3
Assessment in Rural Land Resources The content covered in this
unit will be assessed in paper 2.
Slide 4
Limestone: Yorkshire Dales Environmental Interactions: Rural
Land Resources
Slide 5
Topic Outline Limestone landforms in the Yorkshire Dales.
Background to the Yorkshire Dales. Land Use in the Yorkshire Dales:
Farming Tourism Quarrying Land use conflict in the Yorkshire Dales.
Management of land use conflicts.
Slide 6
Aims of the lesson To introduce the Rural Land Resources Unit.
To practice answering 20 mark questions on upland limestone
landforms.
Slide 7
Limestone Landforms in the Yorkshire Dales Lets create a list
of limestone landforms you have learnt about in the Yorkshire
Dales. Can you remember the named examples?
Slide 8
Limestone Pavement e.g. Malham Cove
Slide 9
Potholes e.g. Gaping Gill
Slide 10
Shakeholes
Slide 11
Resurgent Streams
Slide 12
Scars & Scree Slopes e.g. Raven Scar
Slide 13
Gorge e.g. Cheddar Gorge
Slide 14
Dry Valley
Slide 15
Caverns e.g. Ingleborough Caves
Slide 16
Stalactites, Stalagmites & Pillars e.g. Ingleborough
Caves
Slide 17
2012 PPQ Paper 2 Q1a The Yorkshire Dales National Park is an
area of Upland Limestone. With the aid of annotated diagrams,
describe and explain how the main physical features of upland
limestone landscapes are formed. Both surface and underground
features should be included in your answer. (20 Marks) Tips:
Arrange your answer into a series of subheadings: 1.Surface
Features Limestone Pavement 2.Underground Features Caverns
Stalactites, Stalagmites & Pillars 4 Marks awarded for named
examples. Detailed explanation of processes required. 16 marks only
if no diagrams included.
Slide 18
Homework Complete your 20 mark question at home for next
lesson.
Slide 19
Summary So far we have Introduced the Rural Land Resources
Unit. Practiced answering 20 mark questions on upland limestone
landforms.
Slide 20
Aim of the lesson To practice answering 20 mark questions on
upland limestone landforms.
Slide 21
Peer Marking Pass your finished 20 mark answer to another
member of the class. Using a highlighter you will mark on the areas
where you would give marks. Use the marking scheme provided and
textbooks to help you. As bullet points, add in any information you
feel they have missed out.
Slide 22
Homework Using the peer feedback you have been provided with,
rewrite your answer to include all of the missed information.
Slide 23
Summary So far we have Introduced the Rural Land Resources
Unit. Practiced answering 20 mark questions on upland limestone
landforms.
Slide 24
Aim of the lesson To practice answering 20 mark questions. To
develop our ability to write extended answers under exam timed
conditions.
Slide 25
Sample Answer Take a look at this sample answer for the
question you have been tackling in class. Using a post-it, mark
this sample answer and also write down any information you feel it
may have missed. Now take a look at this handwritten version.
Slide 26
Time Test The Yorkshire Dales National Park is an area of
Upland Limestone. With the aid of annotated diagrams, describe and
explain how the main physical features of upland limestone
landscapes are formed. Both surface and underground features should
be included in your answer. (20 Marks)
Slide 27
Summary So far we have practiced answering 20 mark questions.
developed our ability to write extended answers under exam timed
conditions.
Slide 28
True or False?
Slide 29
Aims of the lesson To learn about the location and background
of the Yorkshire Dales To learn the definition of social, economic
and environmental factors.
Slide 30
Location of the Yorkshire Dales Using the Modern School Atlas
you are going to writer a brief description of the location of the
Yorkshire Dales. It should include: When it opened: 1954 The name
of a settlement within it: M______. The names of three cities
nearby. The names of the main roads connecting those cities to the
Dales.
Slide 31
Location of the Yorkshire Dales The Yorkshire Dales National
park was founded in 1954. It is located in the north east of
England. One of the main settlements in the Dales is Malham. Three
major cities nearby to the park are Birmingham, Newcastle (both
connected by the A1) and Manchester (connected by the M65).
Slide 32
Social, Economic & Environmental Factors A social factor is
one which will affects the people in the area. An economic factor
is one which affects industry in the area. An environmental factor
is one which affects the natural landscape.
Slide 33
Factors Affecting the Yorkshire Dales Each pair has been given
a set of cards containing information on factors affecting the
Yorkshire Dales. You must divide these factors into 3 groups:
1.Social Factors 2.Economic Factors 3.Environmental Factors There
may be some cross over. Once complete, take a copy of these into
your notes.
Slide 34
In 2004 it was estimated that tourism brought 350 million to
the Yorkshire Dales. The industry supports approx 1250 jobs within
the park and the surrounding area. Tourism has led to an increase
in services in towns like Malham e.g. cafes, restaurants, shops,
hotels. Heavy use of footpaths causes erosion and widens the path
as people avoid muddy areas. This leads to some paths being 4 times
their normal width. Tourists trespass on farmland causing damage to
crops and to dry stone walls. Litter, dog waste and intentional
vandalism are a constant problem in the National Park. It increases
the risk to livestock and wildlife. As a result of footpath
erosion, grazing land is also lost in the Yorkshire Dales.
Limestone pavements like Malham Cove have been damaged by feet and
stone removal. The lifestyle of the locals is encroached through
increased noise, disturbance and loss of privacy. Housing prices
have increased in towns like Malham. Locals can no longer afford to
purchase homes here.
Slide 35
Review Questions Give 2 social factors affecting the Yorkshire
Dales you have learnt. Give 2 economic factors affecting the
Yorkshire Dales you have learnt. Give 2 environmental factors
affecting the Yorkshire Dales you have learnt.
Slide 36
Summary To learn about the location and background of the
Yorkshire Dales To learn the definition of social, economic and
environmental factors.
Slide 37
Aims of the lesson To understand how quarrying is a suitable
land use for the Yorkshire Dales. To learn the social, economic and
environmental impacts of quarrying in YD with reference to named
examples. To identify conflicts and solutions between quarrying and
other land uses in the YD with reference to named examples.
Slide 38
Slide 39
Slide 40
Jobs You should be in groups with a maximum of 4 people per
group Timekeeper keeping track of the time and making sure all
tasks are completed within the time limit. Resource Manager
responsible for collecting and returning all resources required
e.g. maps, paper etc. Chairperson ensures that everyone has a
chance to have their say and help keep the discussion on track.
Recorder Makes notes on what has been discussed by the group.
Slide 41
What you will need Once each person in the group has a role the
Resource Manager should collect the following A copy of the
Ingleton map A set of characters (4) and statements (6) for your
group Lined paper to record the discussions
Slide 42
Roles For this activity each of you is going to take on a role:
1.Quarry Manager 2.Local Resident 3.National Park Authority
Representative 4.Potholer
Slide 43
Task 1: Discussion As a group identify the quarry at grid
reference 706740 (this quarry spills over into parts of two
squares). The owners of this quarry have applied to extend the
quarry to the North-west of its current location. As a group you
will have to discuss the merits and disadvantages of the extension
and come to a decision on whether or not the extension can go
ahead. You will have 15 minutes for your initial discussions the
recorder should keep accurate notes of what is being discussed,
timekeepers and chairperson make sure the group is on track!
Slide 44
Task 2: Conflict Spider Diagram For the Yorkshire Dales we are
going to create am A3 spider diagram that outlines the key
conflicts that exist between land uses. We will also add in
possible solutions to these conflicts.
Summary Today we have understood how quarrying is a suitable
land use for the Yorkshire Dales. learnt the social, economic and
environmental impacts of quarrying in YD with reference to named
examples. identified conflicts and solutions between quarrying and
other land uses in the YD with reference to named examples.
Slide 47
Review Questions
Slide 48
Aims of the lesson To understand how farming is a suitable land
use for the Yorkshire Dales. To learn the challenges and changes to
farming in the Yorkshire Dales with reference to named examples. To
identify conflicts and solutions between farming and other land
uses in the YD with reference to named examples.
Slide 49
Farming in the Yorkshire Dales The Yorkshire Dales landscape is
one of small fields enclosed with limestone dry stone walls. This
traditional way of life is now increasingly under threat due to
pressure on farming practices.
Slide 50
Sheep farming
Slide 51
Cattle are reared where there is slightly better pasture.
Slide 52
Suitability of Farming in Yorkshire Dales Why do you think that
farming is a suitable land use in the Yorkshire Dales? Add this
information to your A3 spider diagram.
Slide 53
Diversification Diversification is when farmers give over land
to purposes other than farming. In your notes, brainstorm some
ideas for a diversified farm.
Slide 54
Diversification on farms Farm shop Tea rooms New products
Slide 55
Places to stay Bunkhouses Campsites Hotels Guesthouses
B&B
Slide 56
Mountain Biking Caving / Potholing Motor biking
Slide 57
Walking Pony Trekking
Slide 58
Your Diversified Farm Each of you is going to get the chance to
plan your own diversified farm in the Yorkshire Dales. It should:
Be completed on graph paper. Be neatly annotated. Contain a wide
variety of different examples of diversification. Use the
photographs on your tables and p34 of the Higher Environmental
Interactions textbook to help you.
Slide 59
Conflict Spider Diagram Using the information on p32 and 33 of
the Higher Environmental Interactions textbook. Look carefully at
figure 1.47a & 1.47b.
Slide 60
Pressures & Solutions Conflicts Increased production costs
mean small farms struggle to compete with agribusiness. Increased
pressure from tourists. Despite EU grants, subsidies and price
guarantees, farmers still struggle to maintain income levels.
Maintenance of traditional farm lifestyle is uneconomical. Sale
prices for stock have fallen. Increases in cheaper imports, BSE and
reduced demand for meat products. Solutions UK Government payments
for farmers in less favoured areas. EU Common Agricultural Policy
supports cattle and sheep farmers. Farm diversification increases
income. Barn and walls conservation scheme payments. Countryside
Stewardship Scheme (CSS) pays grants to farmers who manage their
land in a traditional way. Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs).
Farmers who own ESAs receive payments for reducing the intensity of
production.
Slide 61
Summary So far we have understood how farming is a suitable
land use for the Yorkshire Dales. learnt the challenges and changes
to farming in the Yorkshire Dales with reference to named examples.
identified conflicts and solutions between farming and other land
uses in the YD with reference to named examples.
Slide 62
Aims of the Lesson To understand why the Yorkshire dales is
situated for the tourist industry. To learn the social, economic
and environmental impacts of tourism in YD with reference to named
examples. To identify conflicts and solutions between tourism and
other land uses in the YD with reference to named examples.
Slide 63
Malham - Honey pot Problems include parking
Slide 64
Places to stay Bunkhouses Campsites Hotels Guesthouses
B&B
Slide 65
Mountain Biking Caving / Potholing Motor biking
Slide 66
Walking Pony Trekking
Slide 67
Goredale Scar Malham Cove
Slide 68
Janets Foss a beauty spot close to Malham
Slide 69
Activity Think about all the land uses the YD have that are
aimed at tourism. Try to sort them into a table with the following
headings: SocialEconomicEnvironmental Small quaint villages Hotels
and B&BsBeautiful Scenery Close to major cities Limestone caves
for caving Add this information to your spider diagram
Slide 70
Problems What are some of the problems of tourism in the YD?
Use the tourism information sheet to create a poster for tourism in
the YD. It should promote sustainable tourism by explaining how the
activities people will be taking part in will not negatively impact
the environment. Your poster should include: 1.Why tourism is
popular in the Dales. 2.Problems caused by unsustainable tourism.
3.Methods used to make tourism sustainable in the Dales. 4.Plenty
of facts and figures!
Slide 71
Ritter Paving used to surface car parks providing a Hard
wearing surface that is environmentally friendly
Slide 72
Conflict Spider Diagram Using the information from your poster
and tourism hand-out to complete your diagram for tourism.
Slide 73
Summary So far we have Seen what type of tourist activities are
available in the Yorkshire dales and be able to explain why they
are suited for this environment. Looked at some of the problems of
the tourist industry and tried to find some workable solutions that
keep the industry sustainable Used named examples of villages that
have tried to combat the conflict of tourist with locals.
Slide 74
Past Paper Question (2012) Social tourism, recreation, nature
conservation. Economic farming, forestry, water supply, energy
generation, quarrying.
Slide 75
Sample Answer The YDs can be found in the north west of
England. It is nearby to major cities such as Newcastle, Leeds and
Manchester (1) which makes it an ideal area for day trippers and
weekend visitors (1). They can access the area easily on roads such
as the A1 (1). This means that the YDs has access to a large number
of tourists. The outstanding natural beauty of the area (1),
including limestone pavements at Malham (1), all act as a hook for
people. This has provided economic opportunities for people to set
up tourist led industries such as B&Bs and cafes (1). In turn
this has led to a thriving business and around 1250 jobs for the
locals of the area (1). The number of tourists and natural scenery
allowed the creation of a National park in 1954 (1). This increased
the price of housing in the area. It also allowed for restrictions
being placed on buildings helping small villages and towns to
retain their charm (1). The presence of limestone (1) has allowed
for quarrying to take place e.g. Swindon Quarry (1). These 8
quarries employ roughly 7% of the YD population (1).
Slide 76
Sample Answer The YDs can be found in the north west of
England. It is nearby to major cities such as Newcastle, Leeds and
Manchester (1) which makes it an ideal area for day trippers and
weekend visitors (1). They can access the area easily on roads such
as the A1 (1). This means that the YDs has access to a large number
of tourists. The outstanding natural beauty of the area (1),
including limestone pavements at Malham (1), all act as a hook for
people. This has provided economic opportunities for people to set
up tourist led industries such as B&Bs and cafes (1). In turn
this has led to a thriving business and around 1250 jobs for the
locals of the area (1). The number of tourists and natural scenery
allowed the creation of a National park in 1954 (1). This increased
the price of housing in the area. It also allowed for restrictions
being placed on buildings helping small villages and towns to
retain their charm (1). The presence of limestone (1) has allowed
for quarrying to take place e.g. Swindon Quarry (1). These 8
quarries employ roughly 7% of the YD population (1).
Slide 77
Aims of the lesson To look more closely at conflicts between
land users in the Yorkshire Dales. To discuss possible solutions to
these problems in the Yorkshire Dales.
Slide 78
Land Use in Physical Environments Land Use: How we make use of
the land. Land Use Conflict: How different land uses have
difficulties with each other. Land Use Management: Measures put in
place to reduce difficulties between different land users
Slide 79
Limestone: Yorkshire Dales Created in 1954 Land Uses: Quarrying
Limestone easy to extract. Used in steel industry. Hill-Sheep
Farming Cold & wet climate poor for growing crops. Very little
water near the surface. Tourism 50 million per year. Military Tough
landscape suitable for training.
Slide 80
Land Use Conflicts Roles Each of you is going to be given a
role to take on for this activity. Malham Local Tourist Quarry
Worker Farmer Task You are going to discuss the reasons why each of
the land uses would be in conflict with each other. Two people will
discuss the reasons why they are in conflict. One person will chair
the discussion. One person will keep notes on what is being
said.
Slide 81
Land Use Conflict Locals V Tourists Damage to local way of
life. Traffic congestion. Increased house prices. Loss of services
for locals. Loss of young people. Quarrying V Local Residents Air
pollution from lorries transporting limestone. Traffic congestion
on the roads. Tourists V Farmers Litter. Gates left open. Livestock
frightened by dogs off leash. Landscape degradation (dry stone
walls & footpaths)
Solutions: Farmers V Tourists 1.Put up signs to educate
tourists on Country Code. 2.Provide litter bins. 3.Kissing gates.
4.Projects to repair walls. 5.Hard surface footpaths.
Slide 84
Solutions: Tourists V Locals 1.Preferential housing for locals.
2.Ritter paving (increase parking space). 3.Park & ride
schemes. 4.Postal Bus Shuttle.
Slide 85
2008 Past Paper Question For the Peak District National Park or
a named upland area you have studied; explain the environmental
problems and conflicts which may arise from the competing demands
of different land uses. 14 Marks Tips: You must make reference to a
named area with examples. Deal with each conflict separately:
Tourist V Locals Locals V Quarry Farmers V Tourists Farmers V
Quarry etc.
Slide 86
Sample Answer For the Peak District National Park or a named
upland area you have studied; explain the environmental problems
and conflicts which may arise from the competing demands of
different land uses. 14 Marks ANSWER
Slide 87
Summary So far we have looked more closely at conflicts between
land users in the Yorkshire Dales. discussed possible solutions to
these problems in the Yorkshire Dales.
Slide 88
Aims of the lesson To learn the names of organisations
responsible for managing and protecting the landscape of the
Yorkshire Dales. To learn the names of schemes that land users can
use in order to promote sustainable development in the YD.
![THE NATIONAL REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT POLICY, … · 2017-10-03 · ['WTI-~ 1] 33 MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (Department of Land Resources). (Land Reforms Division) RESOLUTION](https://img.pdfslide.us/doc/110x75/5e7436604ded893ffa0a61d6/the-national-rehabilitation-and-resettlement-policy-2017-10-03-wti-1-33.jpg)
