ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND EMP …environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/260520150QJ7PL4P... · ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND EMP REPORT ... ASSAM. PROJECT PROPONENT:

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND EMP REPORT FOR Proposed 1000 TPD Cement Grinding Unit AT DAG NO.:144, 145, 146, 147 & 151, K. P. PATTA NO.: 19, 21, 42 & 9, VILLAGE AMBHER, 12TH MILE, JORABAT, MOUZA SONAPUR, DISTRICT KAMRUP, ASSAM.

PROJECT PROPONENT:

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES

PREPARED BY:

en-VISI n ENVIRO ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 208 - 213 / G - TOWER, SHANKHESHWAR COMPLEX, SAGRAMPURA, SURAT - 395 002, GUJARAT.

FEB, 2015 151007_315045_1502

M/

S.

K R

AS

SO

CIA

TE

S

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

AND EMP REPORT

CLIENT

PROJECT TITLE

PROJECT NO.

:

:

:

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES

DAG NO.: 144, 145, 146, 147 & 151 OF PATTA NO.: 19,

21, 42 & 9, VILLAGE AMBHER, 12TH MILE,

JORBAT, MOUZA SONAPUR,

DISTRICT KAMRUP, ASSAM.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMAPCT ASSESSMENT AND EMP

REPORT FOR PROPOSED 1000 TPD CEMENT GRINDING

UNIT

315045

** PREPARED BY **

en-VISI n ENVIRO ENGINEERS PVT. LTD. 208 - 213 / G - TOWER,

SHANKHESHWAR COMPLEX,

SAGRAMPURA, SURAT - 395 002

GUJARAT

Website: en-vision.in, E-mail: [email protected]

PROJECT TITLE M/s. K R Associates

CORRESPONDENSE ADDERESS

Mr. Manoj Kayal (Partner) M/s. K R Associates House No.: 62, Bye lane No.: 2, ABC, G. S. Road, Guwahati, Assam – 781005

PROJECT NO.: 315045 DATE: 07/02/2015

CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT AS PER EIA NOTIFICATION, DATED 14TH SEPTEMBER, 2006 AND AS AMENDED TILL DATE

B, 3(b) Cement Plant (<1 million tones/annum production capacity)

DETAILS REQUIRED AS PER NABET, QCI GUIDELINES

NABET SECTOR NO. 9

FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED IN PREPARATION OF REPORT:

AREA NAME SIGNATURE

EIA CO-ORDINATOR Mr. Jignesh Patel

RISK ASSESSMENT & HAZARD MANAGEMENT

METEOROLOGY, AIR QUALITY MODELING & PREDICTION

Ms. Smitha Rajesh

SOLID & HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

NOISE & VIBRATION Mr. Mayur Harsora

WATER POLLUTION MONITORING, PREVENTION, & CONTROL

AIR POLLUTION MONITORING, PREVENTION & CONTROL

Mr. Nilima Roy

LAND USE Dr. Y. Ramamohan

ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY Mr. Satyendra Singh Unchawal

SOCIO-ECONOMOICS Mr. Arif Shaikh

HYDROLOGY, GROUND WATER & WATER CONSERVATION

Mr. Naresh Gor

NAME & DESIGNATION

SIGNATURE

PREPARED BY Mr. Krunal Patel (Project In Charge)

CHECKED BY EIA CO-ORDINATOR Mr. Jignesh Patel (EIA Co-Ordinator)

AUTHENTICATED BY Mr. Manoj Kayal (Partner)

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M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM.

PREFACE

M/s. K R Associates is proposing to set up 1000 TPD Cement Geinding Unit at Dag No.: 144,

145, 146, 147 & 151 of Patta No.: 19, 21, 42 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th Mile, Jorabat, Mauza

Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam.

As per EIA Notification 2006, the proposed project is categorized as B, 3(b) Cement Plant (<1

million tonnes/annum production capacity. All stand alone grinding units). In order to assess

the likely impacts arising out of the proposed project, M/s. K R Associates had appointed

M/s. En-vision Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd., Surat (Gujarat), to undertake the Rapid

Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) study for the various environmental components

which may be affected, to assess the impact arising out of the proposed project and to prepare a

detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to minimize those adverse impacts.

The cooperation and assistance rendered by M/s. K R Associates in the preparation of this

report is gratefully acknowledged.

M/s. En-vision Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd.

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M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. S 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PROJECT INTRODUCTION M/s. K R Associates is planning to set up 1000 TPD Cement Grinding Unit at Dag No. 144, 145, 146, 147 & 151, Patta No. 19, 21, 42 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mauza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. Category of the project is B, 3(b) Cement Plants (<1 Million tonnes/annum production capacity, All stand alone grinding units) as per Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent amendments. PROJECT COST The total Project Cost is Rs. 3856.24 Lacs, it includes site development, building, all the plant machinery and its installation and Environment Protection measures cost. Total capital cost for environmental pollution control measures would be Rs. 120.0 Lacs and Recurring cost per annum would be Rs. 10.0 Lacs. DETAILS OF RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION ITS SOURCE, AVAILABILITY & TRANSPORTATION The main raw material for manufacture is Clinker, Fly Ash and Gypsum. Clinker will be procured from the various Cement Plants situated in the Assam, Meghalaya and Bhutan. Gypsum will be procured from Bhutan which shall be transported through trucks or by rail. Fly Ash shall be transported from West Bengal, Orissa Jharkhand and Bihar through trucks by road. The frequency of trucks is approximately 150 nos. per day. BRIEF PROCESS DESCRIPTION

The raw clinker will be crushed in the crusher. The crushed clinker will be elevated to suitable height by bucket elevator for cement mill operation. The clinker, fly ash and gypsum will be fed to the cement mill. The gypsum serves to adjust the setting behaviour of the cement in order to obtain optimum workability of the product during concrete production. In the cement mill, the added materials will be grind to a fine powder. Fly ash will be fed to the separator from the silo via Bucket elevator. Cement in powder form will be fed to the separator. Fly ash and cement powder from Cement Mill get mixed in separator and fine particles goes to the cement blending silo and coarse particles will be fed back to the cement mill for re-crushing. Then the fine product will blend in the cement silos. The manufactured cement from the silos will be conveyed to the automatic electronic packers where it will be packed in 50 kg polythene bags and dispatched. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT Land: Around 13,378 Sq. mt. private land is acquired for the proposed Cement Grinding Unit. Water: Total water requirement of the proposed project is 7 KL/day which shall be met through ground water using bore well. Electrical Energy: The estimated power requirement for the proposed project would be 2,300 KW. Power will be sourced from Assam State Electricity Board. Fuel: For the proposed cement grinding unit 100 lit/hr diesel will be required to run stand by D. G. Sets. Diesel will source from the nearest petrol pump. Manpower: The proposed cement grinding unit will have great employment potential providing direct employment to approximately 75 full time persons.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES The particulate emissions are among the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing.

Air environment: 1. Sources of Air Pollution Process Emission: (Particulate Matters) There will be emission of particulate matter due to operation of Crusher, Hopper, Cement Mill, Silo and packing section. Utility Emission: Tow D. G. set is proposed to fulfill power requirement in case of power failure. Emission from these sources will not be continuous as the D. G. sets will be used during emergency or in case of power failure. Fugitive Emission: The fugitive dust emissions from the proposed plant would be significant and the sources will be as under:

1. Raw materials handling 2. Materials transfer points (bucket elevators, conveyor belts) 3. Loading of raw materials 4. Packing of cement 5. Unloading of cement bags and 6. Transportation of vehicles

2. Air Pollution Control Measures

The major sources of pollution are particulate matter from the proposed cement grinding unit. The unit will install Twin Cyclone Separator followed by Reverse pulse jet type bag filter to control air pollutants. The stacks will be attached to the air pollution control equipments to disperse the air pollutants to the satisfactory levels. The details of proposed stacks and control equipments are as under.

NO. OF STACK

STACK ATTACHED TO

POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT

STACK HEIGHT & DIAMETER POLLUTANTS

Process Emission & its control measures

1. Cement Mill Twin cyclone Separator followed by Reverse pulse jet type bag filter

Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.8 M

SPM ≤ 50 mg/Nm3

2 Fly Ash Feeder Fly Ash Dust Collector Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.5 M

SPM ≤ 50 mg/Nm3

3. Packing House Twin cyclone Separator followed by Reverse pulse jet type bag filter

Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.5 M

SPM ≤ 50 mg/Nm3

Utility Emission & its control measures

4. 2 nos. of D. G. Sets (600 KVA & 250 KVA) For emergency

Acoustic Enclosure Ht.- 9 M Dia. - 0.3 M

SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 SO2 < 100 ppm NOx < 50 ppm

Note: The emission of particulate matter from process stacks will be limited to 50 mg/Nm3 as per CREP Guidelines given by CPCB.

Fugitive Emission Control measures: To control fugitive emissions, the following measures are proposed. • Raw materials loading and unloading will be done in the covered area. • Raw materials will be stored in the covered structure. • All the conveyors will be provided with conveyor cover.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• The automatic bagging machine will be provided. The suction of bag filter will be provided at the

packing section. • The sprinkling of water will be done along the internal roads in the plant in order to control the

dust. • All the workers and officers working inside the plant will be provided with disposable dust masks. • Green belt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emissions. • Bag filter will be cleaned regularly. • Maintenance of air pollution control equipments will be done regularly.

Water Environment: Waste water generation and mitigation measure There will be no waste water generated due to the process. Only domestic wastewater will be generated which is 3.6 KL/day. The domestic waste water shall be diverted into a septic tank followed by soak pit/well. Noise environment: The noise levels near the sources such as crusher, cement mill, D. G. Sets, material handling, loading unloading, etc. will be higher during the operational phase but general noise levels within plant are expected to remain below 75 dB(A). In order to mitigate the noise levels during the operational phase effective noise control measures like encasement of noise generating equipments, a thick greenbelt will be developed all around the plant boundary to act as noise attenuator, proper and suitable acoustic barrier will also be provided around areas generating high noise and effective preventive maintenance and vibration measurement of all rotating equipment will be taken. Land environment: Solid waste generation and its disposal method Dust collected from air pollution control equipment will be 100% recycled in the process. Other solid wastes will be used/spent oil and discarded drums and bags. The sources of solid wastes, generation and its management are as given in the following table.

SR. NO.

TYPE OF HAZARDOUS

WASTE SOURCE QUANTITY

WASTE MANAGEMENT DETAILS

COLLEC-TION

REUSE/ RECYCLE DISPOSAL

1. Used/spent Oil

Prime Movers

10 ltrs per month

HDPE Drums

Reuse in plant for lubrication

Sold to authorized re-processors

2. Discarded Bags

Storages 5,000 nos. per Day

Bags - Returned to raw Materials suppliers

BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS The baseline environmental quality of Air, water, soil, noise, socioeconomic status and ecology has been assessed in the post monsoon season (November 2014 to January 2015) in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site. Air Environment:

The ambient air samples were collected form eight locations and analyzed for PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOx, for identification, prediction, evaluation and assessment of potential impact on ambient air environment. Design of network for ambient air quality monitoring location was based on guidelines provided by CPCB. The arithmetic mean values of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX are found within permissible limit at all the locations.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Water Environment:

To assess water quality, surface water and ground water samples were collected from eight different locations. Results of all the water parameters were found within permissible limit. Noise Environment:

Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out. The noise levels of the study are found low and within the stipulated standards of CPCB for the respective designated areas. Soil Environment:

The general topography of the study area varies from low-lying plains to highland having small-hillocks. Soil samples were collected from eight different locations and physico-chemicals properties were analyzed. All the parameters are found within limit. Socioeconomic Environment:

Baseline information of socio-economic data has been collected from Census 2001 for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic amenities, economy and social culture, literacy, occupational structure. Ecology:

Keeping in view, the importance of biological component of total environment due to the proposed project, biological characterization of terrestrial and aquatic environments, changes in species diversity of flora and fauna in terrestrial as well as aquatic systems were studied for impact analysis due to proposed project activity. The details of flora/fauna species and the wildlife habitat in the area covering 10 km radius have been collected to determine the existence of rare and/or endangered species. There four reserved forests (i.e. Mylliem, RF, Marakdola RF, Khanapara RF and Garbhanga RF) and one sanctuary (i.e. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary) present within the study area. There is no place of archeological/ historical/ religious/ tourist interest within 10 km radius of the plant. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Air Environment: As discussed earlier air monitoring was done in post monsoon season and collected data was used for air dispersion modeling as per the guidelines provided by CPCB. And it is concluded that proposed project activity will not adversely affect air quality. Water environment: As the proposed project is cement grinding unit no industrial waste water shall be generated but only domestic waste water 3.6 KL/day shall be generated which will treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. Rain water harvesting shall be carried out to recharge ground water which can improve water environment of the area. So, no adverse impact of proposed activities, on water quality is envisaged. Land environment: No hazardous waste shall be generated from the proposed project. Other solid waste generated from the proposed project activities shall be properly disposed as environmental friendly. So, there will be no significant impact on land environment. Noise environment: The main sources of noise pollution in the plant would be crusher, cement mill, diesel generator and vehicular movement. Adequate noise control measures such as mufflers, silencers at the air inlet/outlet, anti vibration pad for equipment with high vibration, earmuff and earplugs to the operators etc. will be provided. However, the proposed green belt will help to reduce noise level. The adverse impact on occupationally exposed workers will not envisaged, as noise protection devices will be provided.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Socioeconomic environment: Over all 75 persons will get direct or indirect employment due to proposed project. In addition to these company will contribute in socio economic development of the area. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared for the proposed cement grinding unit to minimize negative impacts and is formed on the basis of prevailing environmental conditions and likely impacts of this project on various environmental parameters. This plan will also facilitate monitoring of environmental parameters. EMP includes scheme for proper and scientific treatment and disposal mechanism for air, liquid and solid hazardous pollutants. Apart from this, forest conservation plan, green belt development, safety aspect of the workers, noise control, fire protection etc. are also included in it. Following measures are proposed to mitigate negative impact of operation phase of the project on the surrounding air environment:

- All transfer points will have bag filter attached to them to control and capture dust emission.

- Height of all the stacks will be as per statutory requirement. All the stacks will have Stack Monitoring Facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access ladder.

- Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure trouble-free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms.

Precautionary measures will also be adopted to control the noise level within the stipulated limits. The plantation at the proposed project site will be carried-out after interaction with local experts and various species will be selected as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) guidelines.

GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

About 4415 Sq. mt. area i.e. 33% land area of total land shall be developed as greenbelt/green cover development at the proposed project site. Proper budgetary provision considering expenses incurred on saplings, soil handling, manuring, after care and maintenance will be made.

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL In addition to preparing an Environment Management Plan (EMP), it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its effective implementation. Hence, M/s. K R Associates will establish a team consisting of officers from various departments to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the environmental control measures. This team will undertake the activity of monitoring the stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried-out to find out any deterioration in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps, if required, through respective internal departments. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM A regular monitoring of environmental parameters like air, water, noise and soil as well as performance of pollution control facilities and safety measures in the plant are important for proper environmental management of any project. Therefore, the environment and safety cell will handle monitoring of air and water pollutants as well as the solid wastes generation as per the requirements of State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).

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M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM I - 1

INDEX

SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF EIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 1.5 REGULATORY FRAME WORK (COMPLIANCE TO TOR) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 1.6 STRUCTURE OF REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.2 PROJECT NEED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.3 JUSTIFICATION REGARDING SELECTION OF SITE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.4 PROJECT COST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.5 PROJECT SETTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 2.5.1 LOCATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 2.5.2 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS. . . . . . . . . . 2-3 2.5.2.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 2.5.2.2 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM PROJECT SITE 2-3 2.5.3 MAP OF KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS. . . . . . . . 2-4 2.6 MAIN PHASES OF PROJECT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.6.1 PRE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.6.2 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVIETIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.6.3 PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.6.3.1 RAW MATERIALS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.6.3.1.1 RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.6.3.1.2 RAW MATERIAL STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.6.3.2 MANUFACTURING PROCESS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 2.7 INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 2.7.1 LAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 2.7.2 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 2.7.3 WATER SOURCE AND UTILIZATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 2.7.4 POWER REQUIRMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.7.5 FUEL REQUIREMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.7.6 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.7.7 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R & R). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.7.8 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.8 SOURCE OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.8.1 AIR POLLUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10 2.8.1.1 SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 2.8.1.2 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

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2.8.2 WATER POLLUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 2.8.3 NOISE POLLUTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 2.8.4 LAND/SOIL POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

CHAPTER-3 : BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

3.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF IMPACT ZONE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.2 CLIMATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.3 METEOROLOGY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.3.1 TEMPERATURE DETAILS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.3.2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.3.3 RAINFALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.3.4 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.3.5 CLOUD COVER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3.3.6 SITE SPECIFIC MICRO-METEOROLOGY DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3.4 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 3.5 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 3.6 AIR ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 3.6.1 DESIGN OF NETWORK FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS 3-7 3.6.2 RECONNAISSANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 3.6.3 METHODOLOGY FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING . . . . . . . . . 3-7 3.6.4 RESULT & DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 3.7.1 SOURCE OF WATER OF THE STUDY AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 3.7.2 METHODOLOGY FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 3.7.3 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER. . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 3.7.3.1 GROUND WATER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 3.7.3.2 SURFACE WATER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 3.7.4 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STUDY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 3.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 3.8.1 RECONNAISSANCE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 3.8.2 EQUIVALENT SOUND LEVELS/EQUIVALENT CONTINUOUS EQUAL ENERGY

LEVEL (LEQ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 3.8.3 METHODOLOGY FOR NOISE MONITORING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18 3.8.4 BASELINE NOISE LEVELS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 3.8.5 COMMUNITY NOISE LEVELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 3.9 LAND ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 3.9.1 METHODOLOGY FOR SOIL MONITORING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 3.9.2 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20 3.10 NATURAL HAZARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21 3.10.1 SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAKES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21 3.10.2 FLOOD HAZARD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22 3.11 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22 3.11.1 DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

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3.11.2 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25 3.11.3 LITERACY LEVEL OF THE STUDY AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26 3.11.4 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27 3.11.5 AMENITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27 3.11.6 TYPE OF HOUSES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28 3.11.7 FUEL RESOURCES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28 3. 12 PRESENT LAND USE PATTERN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28 3.12.1 LAND USE PATTERN BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGERY. . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28 3.12.1.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28 3.12.1.2 AREA UNDER DIFFERENT LANDUSE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29 3.13 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33 3.13.1 CLIMATE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33 3.13.2 FLORA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33 3.13.2.1 NATURAL / FOREST VEGETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33 3.13.2.2 CROPPING PATTERN OF THE REGION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33 3.13.3 FAUNA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34 3.14 DETAILS OF THE OTHER INDUSTRIES LOCATED IN 10 KM RADIUS. . . . . . . 3-34

CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.2 PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 4.3.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES. . . . . . . 4-6 4.3.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES . . . . . . . . . 4-6 4.3.2.1 METEOROLOGICAL INPUTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 4.3.2.2 MIXING HEIGHT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 4.3.2.3 MODEL INPUT EMISSION DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 4.3.2.4 MODEL OPTIONS USED FOR COMPUTATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 4.3.2.5 MODEL OUTPUT AND MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION. . . . . . 4-7 4.3.2.6 MITIGATION MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 4.3.2.7 FUGITIVE EMISSION AND CONTROL MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 4.4.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES. . . . . . . 4-10 4.4.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES. . . . . . . . . 4-10 4.4.3 GROUND WATER ABSTRACTION AND ITS IMPACT ON WATER SOURCE . . . . 4-10 4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 4.5.1 SOURCES OF SOIL POLLUTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 4.5.2 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 4.6.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 4.6.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 4.6.3 MITIGATION MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 4.7 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD. . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

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4.8 IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION OF RAW MATERIALS & END PRODUCT. . . . . 4-11 4.8.1 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.8.2 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.8.3 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC DENSITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.8.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.9 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.10 HOUSING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.11 ECOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.11.1 NATURAL VEGETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.11.2 CROPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.11.3 FISHERIES AND AQUATIC LIFE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 4.11.4 FOREST, NATIONAL PARKS / SANCTUARIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 4.12 AESTHETIC ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 4.13 DEMOGRAPHY, ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY & HUMAN SETTLEMENT . . . . . . 4-13 4.14 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 4.15 PLACES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL/ HISTORICAL/ RELIGIOUS/ TOURIST INTEREST . 4-13 4.16 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS DUE TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT. . . . . 4-13 4.17 MATRIX REPRESENTATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 4.17.1 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

CHAPTER-5 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

5.1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

CHAPTER-6 : RISK ASSESSMENT AND DAMAGE CONTROL

6.1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16.3 PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY OF RISK ASSESSMENT. . . . . . . . . . 6-16.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26.4.1 PROBABLE EMERGENCIES AT PLANT SITE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26.4.1.1 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS & ITS CONTROL MEASURES. . . . . . . . . 6-3

6.4.1.2 HAZARD DUE TO COLLAPSE OF BUILDING, HEAVY STRUCTURE OF PLANT MACHINERIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3

6.4.1.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36.4.1.3.1 DUST EXPOSURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36.4.1.3.2 NOISE EXPOSURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-46.4.1.3.3 HEAT STRESS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-56.4.1.3.4 ILLUMINATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-66.4.1.3.5 ERGONOMICS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-76.4.1.4 NATURAL HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-86.4.1.4.1 EARTHQUAKE HAZARD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-86.4.1.4.2 HEAVY RAIN FALL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

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6.4.1.4.3 FLOOD HAZARD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-86.4.1.4.4 FIRE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-86.4.1.4.5 CYCLONE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-96.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

6.5.1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-96.5.2 OBJECTIVES OF PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-96.5.3 SCOPE OF PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-96.5.4 BASIS OF PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-96.5.5 POST DISASTER ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

6.5.6 THE AVAILABILITY, ORGANIZATION, AND UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES FOR EMERGENCIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

6.5.6.1 ALARM RAISER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-116.5.6.2 INCIDENT CONTROLLER (IC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-116.5.6.3 SITE MAIN CONTROLLER (SMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-116.5.6.4 ESSENTIAL WORKERS (EW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-126.5.6.5 OTHER KEY PERSONNEL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

CHAPTER-7 : PROJECT BENEFITS

7.1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 7.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 7.3 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 7.4 INDUSTRIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 7.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

CHAPTER-8 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.2 PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.3 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.3.1 DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.3.1.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

8.3.1.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8.3.1.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8.3.1.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8.3.1.5 SOLID WASTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8.3.1.6 ECOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

8.3.1.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

8.3.2 DURING OPERATION PHASE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

8.3.2.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

8.3.2.1.1 ACTION PLAN TO CONTROL FUGITIVE EMISSIONS AS PER CPCB GUIDELINES. . 8-3

8.3.2.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4

8.3.2.2.1 ACTION PLAN FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

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8.3.2.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

8.3.2.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

8.3.2.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

8.3.2.5.1 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

8.3.2.5.2 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5

8.3.2.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

8.3.2.6.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE OF THE WORKER. . . . . . . 8-7

8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8

8.5 BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9

CHAPTER-9 : SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

9.1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.3 DETAILS OF RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION ITS SOURCE, AVAILABILITY & TRANSPORTATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-1

9.4 BRIEF PROCESS DESCRIPTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.5 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

9.6 SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES. . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.6.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

9.6.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

9.6.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

9.6.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

9.7 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

9.7.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4



9.7.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

9.7.5 SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

9.7.6 ECOLOGY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

9.8 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

9.8.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4


9.8.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4


9.8.5 SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

9.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

9.10 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

9.11 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

9.12 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

CHAPTER-10 : CONSULTANT ENGAGED

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE

NO.

1.1 COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

2.1 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.2 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT FOR EPCM . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.3 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM PROJECT SITE 2-3

2.4 RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENT & THEIR SOURCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

2.5 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF RAW MATERIALS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.6 WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTE WATER GENERATION. . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.7 EQUIPMENT LOADS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.8 FUEL REQUIREMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

2.9 DETAILS OF STACKS WITH AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM. . . . . . . . 2-11

2.10 DETAILS SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD. . . . . . . . . 2-12

3.1 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.2 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.3 DETAILS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS. . . . . . . . . 3-7

3.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

3.5 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS OF RSPM. . . . . . . . . . 3-10

3.6 DETAILS OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING LOCATIONS. . . . . 3-11

3.7 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13

3.8 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

3.9 DETAILS OF LOCATION OF BACKGROUND NOISE MONITORING STATIONS. . . . 3-18

3.10 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

3.11 SAMPLING LOCATIONS: SOIL QUALITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

3.12 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

3.13 SIGNIFICANT EARTHQUAKES IN ASSAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

3.14 TEHSIL WISE POPULATION WITHIN STUDY AREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

3.15 DEMOGRAPHY PATTERN IN STUDY AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

3.16 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

3.17 LITERACY RATE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

3.18 AREA STATISTICS OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER MAP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29

3.19 MAJOR INDUSTRIES IN THE STUDY AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34

4.1 DETAILS OF EMISSION FROM STACKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7

4.2 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONOF PM, SO2 AND NOX . . . . . 4-9

4.3 SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT FOR PM, SO2 & NOX. . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

4.4 HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD. . . . . . . . . . 4-11

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TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE

NO.

4.5 POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIVE MEASURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

4.6 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (CONSTRUCTION PHASE). . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

4.7 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (OPERATION PHASE). . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

4.8 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART (OPERATION PHASE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

5.1 PROPOSED MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS. . . 5-1

6.1 HEAT STRESS, SYMPTOMS & MEDICAL TREATMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

6.2 PROBABLE ILLUMINATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6

6.3 PROBABLE NATURAL HAZARD IN DISTRICT KAMRUP. . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

8.1 FOUR YEAR BUDGETARY PROVISIONS FOR GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT. . . . . 8-7

8.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (RS. IN LAKHS) . . . . . 8-9

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE

NO.

2.1 DETAILED MAP OF KAMRUP DISTRICT SHOWING PROJECT LOCATION. . . . . 2-3

2.2 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

2.3 LAYOUT OF THE PLANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

2.4 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM WITH EMP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

2.5 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

3.1 LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE WITH STUDY AREA. . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

3.2 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

3.3 DIGITAL ELEVEATION MODEL (10 KM RADIUS FROM PROJECT SITE). . . . . . 3-6

3.4 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS . . . . . . . . 3-8

3.5 LOCATIONS OF WATER SAMPLING STATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

3.6 SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF ASSAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21

3.7 SC & ST IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

3.8 LITERACY LEVEL IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24

3.9 (A) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) . . . . . . . . . 3-24

3.9 (B) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) ) . . . . . . . . 3-24

3.10 BREAK UP OF MAIN WORKERS (CENSUS 2001) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24

3.11 BREAK UP OF MARGINAL WORKERS (CENSUS 2001). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25

3.12 POPULATION DENSITIES AND SEX RATIO (CENSUS 2001). . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26

3.13 LITERACY RATE (CENSUS 2001). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

3.14 GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER. . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30

3.15 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF 10 KM RADIUS FROM STUDY AREA. . . . . . 3-31

3.16 LAYOUT OF RAW SATELLITE IMAGERY (10 KM RADIUS). . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32

4.1 IMPACT NETWORK ON AIR ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.2 IMPACTS ON SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.3 IMPACTS ON GROUND WATER ENVIRONMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.5 IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.6 IMPACT NETWORK ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT . . . 4-4

4.7 EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR PM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

8.1 AN ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL. . . . . . . . . . 8-8

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LIST OF ANNEXURE

ANNEXURE NO. TITLE PAGE

NO.

I TERMS OF REFERENCE LETTER AWARDED BY SEIAA. . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

II PHOTOGRAPHS OF PLANT AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4

III LAND AGREEMENT DOCUMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

IV CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10

V NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (2009). . . . . . . A-12

VI INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS: 10500-1991. A-15

VII CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE WATER (CPCB STANDARDS). . . . . . A-18

VIII CPCB RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE EXPOSURE (1989). . . . A-19

IX DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR HEARING LOSS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY& HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-20

X FLOOD HAZARD ZONATION MAP OF THE STUDY AREA. . . . . . . . . . A-21

XI LIST OF FLORA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA . . . . . . . . . . . A-22

XII LIST OF FAUNA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA. . . . . . . . . . . . A-26

XIII ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS FROM CEMENT PLANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-28

XIV PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING MONITORING AND SAMPLING. . . . . . . . . . A-38

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M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1 - 1

CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF EIA An EIA is a systematic process that predicts and evaluates the potential impacts a proposed project may have on aspects of the physical, biological, socio-economic and human environment. Mitigation measures are then developed and incorporated into the project to eliminate, minimize or reduce adverse impacts and, where practicable, to enhance benefits. This introductory chapter presents an overview of the project, provides details of the EIA team and outlines the approach taken to undertake the EIA. In addition the structure of the remainder of the report is outlined. This Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment study is carried out as a part of the process to obtain Environmental Clearance for the proposed project of M/s. K R Associates. The proposed project is categorized as B under 3(b), (Cement Plants < 1.0 million tones/annum production capacity. All stand alone grinding units) as per EIA Notification, dated 14th September, 2006 & its subsequent amendments. 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT M/s. K R Associates is a partnership firm incorporated on 1st August 2009. The firm proposed to setup a 1000 TPD Cement Grinding Unit on a plot of land measuring 13,378 Sq.mt. The registered office of the Partnership firm located at House No.:62, Bye Lane No.: 2, ABC, G. S. Road, Guwahati, Assam and Factory/Works at Dag No.: 144, 145, 146, 147 & 151, Patta No.: 19, 21, 42 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. There are four partners of the firm. Name of all partners and their profit sharing ratio are as follows: Shri Manoj Kumar Kayal - 45% Smt. Kiran Kayal - 45% Smt. Madhu Modi - 05% M/s. Jumbo Cement (India) Private Limited - 05%

The detailed background of the promoters is given as follows: Shri Manoj Kumar Kayal: Shri Manoj Kumar Kayal is son of Late Sanwarmal Kayal & aged about 42 years. He has completed his graduation in commerce in the year 1989 from Dibrugarh University. He is a renowned business of Dibrugarh having business experience of 15 years. He is well experienced in manufacturing, sales & marketing. He is born & brought up in Dibrugarh & at present residing at Anandlok Building, Abhay Chand Dutta Lane, F.A. Road, Kumarpara, Guwahati in the District of Kamrup (Assam). Presently he is associated with M/s. Swastik Food Products as a proprietor, M/s. Ganpati Roller Flour Mills as a proprietor, M/s. Manoj Enterprises as a proprietor and M/s. Shree Properties as a partner. Smt. Kiran Kayal: Smt. Kiran Kayal is wife of Shri Manoj Kayal & aged about 36 years. She has passed her higher secondary from Tinsukia in the year 1990. She is helping her husband in day-to-day business. She is presently residing at Anandlok Building, Abhay Chand Dutta Lane, F.A. Road, Kumarpara, Guwahati in the District of Kamrup (Assam). Smt. Madhu Modi: Smt. Madhu Modi, wife of Shri Pramod Modi aged about 48 Years resident of Titabar in the district of Jorhat (Assam). She is Higher Secondary passed. She is sister of one of the partner Manoj Kayal and she will contribute to the capital and also help in day-to-day management of the business. M/s. Jumbo Cement (India) Private. Limited: M/s. Jumbo Cement (India) Private Limited, incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 having its registered office at House No. 62, Bylane No.2, ABC, Tarun Nagar, G.S. Road, Guwahati - 781005 in the district of Kamrup, Assam.

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1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT M/s. K R Associates proposes to set up a 1000 TPD Cement Grinding Unit at Dag No.: 144, 145, 146, 147 & 151, Patta No.: 19, 21, 42 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of work of REIA/EMP studies of the proposed project of M/s. K R Associates includes detailed characterization of various environmental components such as micro-meteorology, air, noise, water, land and socio economy within 10 km radius from the proposed plant. The main objectives of the study are:-

• To identify and quantify significant impacts due to various operations of the proposed project on various environmental components through prediction of impacts.

• To evaluate the beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed plant.

• To evaluate and implement the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) detailing control measures and its efficiency to minimize the pollution levels within the permissible norms.

• To assess the probable risks, likely to occur in unit and suggest appropriate measures to avoid the same.

• To design an occupational health & safety plan for the employees.

• To design post project monitoring plan for regulating the environmental quality within the limits and help in sustainable development of the area.

1.5 REGULATORY FRAME WORK (COMPLIANCE TO TOR) Environment clearance application along with Form-I to Ministry of Environment and Forest was submitted and subsequently TOR meeting was held and formal TOR for EIA study was received. The EIA/EMP Report has been prepared in line with Terms of Reference (TOR) suggested by State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) vide F. No. SEIAA. 107/2013/43 dated, 28th July, 2014 attached as an Annexure-I. The compliance of Terms of Reference (regulatory scoping carried out as per TOR) in following table-1.1. TABLE - 1.1 COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE

SR. NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE

1. Executive summary of the project. Refer page no. S-1 to S-5 of EIA/EMP report.

2. Photographs of the proposed plant area. Refer section 2.5.1 on page no. 2-2 of chapter-2 and refer annexure-II on page no. A-4.

3. A line diagram/flow sheet for the process and EMP. Refer section 2.6.3.2 on page no. 2-8 of chapter-2 and refer figure 2.4 on page no. 2-8.

4. Proposal should be submitted to the SEIAA, Assam for environment clearance only after acquiring total land. Necessary documents indicating acquisition of land should be include.

Land is already acquired, refer section 2.7.1 on page no. 2-9 and for land agreement document referee Annexure-III on page no. A-5.

5. A site map on Indian map of :10,00,000 scale followed by 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet with proper longitude/latitude/heights with min. 100/200 m. counters should be included 3-D view i.e. DEM (Digital Elevation Model) for the area in 10 km radius from the proposal site.

Refer section 2.5.1 page no. 2-2 and figure-2.2 on page no. 2-5 of chapter-2.

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6. Present land use should be prepared based on satellite imagery. High-resolution satellite image data having 1m – 5 m spatial resolution like quick bird, Ikonos, IRS P-6 pan sharpened etc. for the study area of 10 km radius from proposed site. The same should be used for land used/land cover mapping of the area.

Refer section 3.12 on page no. 3-29 and figure-3.15 on page no. 3-31 of chapter-3.

7. Location of national parks/wildlife sanctuary/reserve forests within 10 km radius should specifically be mentioned. A map showing land use/land cover, reserved forests, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, tiger reserve etc in 10 km of the project site. The project proponent shall obtained NWBL clearance from MoEF, Govt of India, New Delhi as the location of the proposed unit falls within 10 km radius of Amchang wildlife sanctuary.

Refer section 2.5.2 on page no. 2-3 and figure-2.2 on page no. 2-5 of chapter-2. And NWBL clearance will be obtained from the statutory authority.

8. A list of industries within 10 km radius of the plant area. Refer section 3.14 on page no. 3-34 of chapter-3.

9. Details and classification of total land (identified and acquired) should be included.

Land is already acquired, refer section 2.7.1 on page no. 2-9 and for land agreement document referee Annexure-III on page no. A-5.

10. Project site layout plan showing raw materials and other storage plans, bore well or water storage, aquifers (within 1 km) dumping, waste disposal, green areas, water bodies, rivers/drainage passing through the project site should be included.

Refer section 2.5.1 page no. 2-2 and figure-2.3 on page no. 2-6 of chapter-2.

11. List of raw material required and source along with mode of transportation should be included. All the trucks for raw material and furnished product transportation must be “Environmentally Compliant”

Refer section 2.6.3.1.1 and 2.6.3.1.2 on page no. 2-7 of chapter-2.

12. Quantification & characterization of solid/hazardous waste & its action plan for management should be included.

Refer section 2.8.4 on page no. 2-11 and table-2.10 on page no. 2-12 of chapter-2.

13. Mass balance for the raw material and products should be include Refer section 2.6.3.2 on page no. 2-8 of chapter-2.

14. Energy balance data for all the components of plant should be incorporated.

Refer section 2.7.4 on page no. 2-10 of chapter-2.

15. Site specific micrometeorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall is necessary.

Refer section 3.3.6 and refer table-3.2 on page no. 3-4 of chapter-3.

16. Ambient air quality at 8 locations within the study area of 10 Km, aerial coverage from project site with one AAQMS in downwind direction should be carried out.

Refer section 3.6 on page no. 3-7 of chapter-3.

17. The suspended particulate matter present in the ambient air must be analyzed for the presence of poly-aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), i.e Benzene soluble fraction. Chemical characterization of PM10 and incorporating PM10 & PM2.5.

Refer section 3.6 on page no. 3-7 and refer section 3.6.5 on page no. 3-10 of chapter-3.

18. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site specific meteorological features.


19. Air quality modeling for specific pollutants need to be done. APCS for the control emission should also be included to control emission within 50mg/Nm cum.

Refer section 4.3 on page no. 4-6 of chapter-4 and refer section 2.8.1.2 on page no. 2-11 of

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chapter-2. 20. Ambient air quality as per national Ambient Air quality Emission

Standards issued by the Ministry vide G.S.R No. 826(E) dated 16th November, 2009 Should be included.

Refer section 3.6.3 on page no. 3-7 and refer table-3.4 on page no. 3.9 of chapter-3.

21. Air quality Impact prediction Modeling based on ISCST-3 or the blast models.

Refer section 4.3.2.1 on page no. 4-7 of chapter-4.

22. Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment should be assessed and provided.


23. An action plan to control and monitor secondary fugitive emission from all the source as per the latest permissible limited issued by the ministry vide G.S.R. 414 (E) dated 30th may, 2008

Refer section 4.3.2.7 on page no. 4-9 of chapter-4.

24. Presence of aquifer within 1 km of the project boundaries and management plan for recharging the aquifer should be include.


25. Source of surface/ground water level, site (GPS), cation, anion (Ion chromatography), metal trace element (as above) chemical analysis for water to be used. If surface water is used from river, rainfall, discharge, rate, quantity, darings and distance from project site should also be include.


26. Ground water analysis with bore well data, litho-logs, draw down and recovery tests to quantify the area and volume of aquifer and its management.


27. ‘Permission’ for the drawl of water should be obtained. Water balance data must be provided.

As, location of the project site falls in safe category based on Ground Water Resource Estimation (GWRE) 2009, Permission to draw ground water is not required as per the Guidelines/ Criteria for evaluation of proposals/ requests for ground water abstraction (with effect from 15/11/2012) of Central Ground Water Authority.

28. A note on the impact of drawl of water on the nereby river during lean season.

No water will be drawn from nearby River.

29. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measure. Refer section 8.3.2.2.1 on page no. 8-5 of chapter-4.

30. Surface water quality of nearby river (60 m upstream and down stream) and other surface drain at eight location must be ascertained.

Refer section 3.7.2 on page no. 3-10 and refer table-3.8 on page no. 3-15 of chapter-3.

31. If the site is within 10 Km radius of any major river, flood Hazard Zonation mapping is required at 1:5000 to 1;10,000 scale indicating the peak and lean river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency.

Refer section 3.10.2 on page no 3-22 and annexure-X on page no. A-21.

32. Pretreatment of raw water, treatment plant for waste water should be described in detail. Design specification may be included


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33. Ground water monitoring minimum at 8 locations and near solid waste dump Zone, Geological features and geo-Hydrological status of the study area are essential as also. Ecological status (terrestrial and Aquatic) is vital.

Refer section 3.7.2 on page no. 3-10, refer table-3.7 on page no. 3-13, refer section 3.7.4 on page no. 3-17 and refer section 3.13 on page no.3-33 of chapter-3.

34. Action plan for Solid/Hazardous waste generation, Storage, utilization and disposal particularly slag from all the sources should also be included.

Refer section 2.8.4 on page no 2-11 and refer table-2.10 on page no. 2-12 of chapter-2.

35. Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area should be included.

Refer section 8.3.2.5.2 on page no. 8-6 of chapter-8.

36. Detailed description of the flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) Should be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species.

Refer section 3.13.2 on page no. 3-33 and refer section 3.13.3 on page no. 3-34 of chapter-3.

37. Geo-technical data by bore hole of up to 40 mts. In every one Sq. Km area such as ground water level. SPTN values, Soil fitness, Geology, Shear wave velocity etc. for liquefaction studies and to assess future seismic Hazard and earthquake Risk management in the area and impacts due to landslides.

Refer section 3.7.4 on page no. 3-17 and refer section 3.10.1 on page no. 3-21 of chapter-3.

38. Disaster Management plan including risk assessment and damage control needs to be addressed and include.

Refer subsequent section of chapter 6 from page no. 6-1.

39. Occupational health:

(a) Details of existing occupational & Safety, Hazards, what are the exposure levels of above mentioned hazards and whether they are within permissible exposure level. If these are not within PEL, what measures the company had adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved.

Refer subsequent section 6.4.1.3 on page no. 6-3 of chapter 6.

(b) Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker, If the worker health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, audiometry, Vision testing ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details.

Refer subsequent section 6.4.1.3 on page no. 6-3 of chapter 6 and refer section 8.3.2.6.1 on page no. 8-7 of chapter-8.

(c) Annual report of health status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and safety.


40. At least 5 % of the total cost of the project should be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on locals need and item wise details along with time bound action plan should be included. Socio-economic development need to be elaborated upon.


41. Photograph shall be provided in the report to authenticate the monitoring site and program of monitoring conducted & work plan for monitoring shall be intimated to SEIAA, Assam well ahead the monitoring program to be conducted.

Photographs of the monitoring sites are presented in annexure-XIV on page no. A-39. Programme of monitoring conducted & work plan for monitoring was intimated to SEIAA, Assam on dated 31.10.2014 well ahead the monitoring programme to be started.

42. Action plan for post monitoring program shall be incorporated in the report.


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43. Measure to be taken to prevent impact of particulate emission/ fugitive emission, if any from the proposed plant on the surrounding reserve forest shall be included. Further, conservation plan for the conservation of wild fauna/flora in consultation with State Forest Department shall be prepared and included.


44. EMP devised to mitigate the adverse impact of the project shall be provided alongwith the item wise cost of its implementation (capital cost & recurring costs).

Refer section 8.4 on page no. 8-8 and refer section 8.5 on page no. 8-9 of chapter-8.

45. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction / order passed by any court of the Law against the project, if so, details thereof.

No litigation is pending against the project and/ or any direction/ order passed by any Court of Law against the project.

46. As soon as the EIA/EMP report is prepared the same may be submitted by the project proponents to the SEIAA, Assam for obtaining Environmental clearance. The proposal is exempted from public hearing by categorizing in B-2 category due to use of energy efficient technology, no clinker manufacturing at the proposed site, no sensitive area within 10 km radius, ‘Zero’ effluent discharge, utilization of all the solid waste in the process itself including utilization of fly ash etc.

-

47. The TOR’s prescribed shall be valid for s period of 2 (two) years for submission of the EIA/EMP report.

-

48. However The location of the unit falls within inter-State boundary of Meghalaya.

Yes, inter-State boundary is located at approx 1 km distance.

1.6 STRUCTURE OF REPORT The objective of the EIA study is a preparation of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) report based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) and CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board). It incorporates the followings:

• Chapter 1 is an Introduction to the Industry, their premises and surrounding areas. It also expresses the basic objectives and methodologies for EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) studies and work to be covered under each Environmental component.

• Chapter 2 presents a Description of Project and Infrastructure facilities including all industrial and environmental aspects of M/s. K R Associates during operation phase activities as well as manufacturing process details of proposed product. This chapter also gives information about raw material storage and handling, water and wastewater quantitative details, air pollution and control system, Hazardous Waste generation, storage facility and disposal and utilities for proposed production capacity of plant. It also provides information about proposed Environmental Management Facilities available at the project site.

• Chapter 3 covers Baseline Environmental Status including meteorological details, Identification of baseline status of Environmental components of the surrounding area covering air, water and land environment, study of land use pattern, Biological Environment & Socio-Economic Environment giving details about District Kamrup and the study area in terms of land use pattern, biological environment, and socio-economic environment.

• Chapter 4 deals with Identification and Prediction of Impact, which provides quantification of significant impacts of the proposed activities of plant on various environmental components. Evaluation of the proposed pollution control facilities has been presented.

• Chapter 5 describes Environment Monitoring Program to be adopted.

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• Chapter 6 gives the information of additional studies like Risk assessment studies and Disaster management plan that is adopted by the company.

• Chapter 7 gives the benefits of the proposed project.

• Chapter 8 describes Environment Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts if any and to ensure acceptable impacts.

• Chapter 9 gives the summary of the project report.

• Chapter 10 gives the information of consultants.

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M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2 - 1

CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES 2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION M/s. K R Associates proposes to set up a 1000 TPD Cement Grinding unit at Dag No.: 144, 145, 146, 147 & 151, Patta No.: 19, 21, 42 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. The project is to be set up in an area of land measuring 13,378 Sq. mt. 2.2 PROJECT NEED India is the world's second largest producer of cement after China, with cement companies adding nearly 11 million tonnes (MT) capacity during April-September 2009, taking the total installed capacity to around 231 MT by September 2009. According to the latest report from the working group on the industry for the 12th five-year Plan (2012-17), India would require overall cement capacity of around 480 million tonnes. This would mean the industry will have to add another 150 million tonnes of capacity during the period. Indian cement industry comprises of nearly 500 large Plants. India has per capita consumption of mere 125 kg as against China of 800 kg, 960 kg of South Korea and 450 kg of Thailand remains one of the lowest, as compared to the world average of 267 kg. This indicates that there is substantial latent demand for cement in the country. Considering these statistics, there seems to be a good scope for cement consumption to increase over the years. Thus, the cement industry is a one of the core sector for the growth of the country. Cement is one of the most basic construction materials, and hence, an essential item for the infrastructure development of the country. Fast rising Government Expenditure on Infrastructure sector in India has resulted in a higher demand of cement in the country. In view of the above, group of promoters from Assam have decided to setup a 1000 TPD Cement grinding unit in the name and style of M/s. K R Associates at 12th Mile, Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam on a plot of land measuring 10 Bighas approx. near National Highway-40. The promoters of the firm are already engaged in various manufacturing activities in the entire North Eastern Region. 2.3 JUSTIFICATION REGARDING SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE The present site was selected based on environmental consideration and other factors listed below:

1. Demand of the product in the area.

2. Present site does not disturb any prime agricultural land.

3. Easy to receive imported raw materials.

4. Transport accessibility for raw materials and finished goods.

5. Where environmental impact should below.

6. The demand of cement is high in the North eastern region.

7. In order to avoid transportation including raw materials, which involves a fair share of economy, the present set up was thought to be a viable one.

8. Looking to the availability of basic needs, like water, electricity, fuel and manpower in the area. 2.4 PROJECT COST The total Project Cost is Rs. 3856.24 Lakhs. It includes site development, building, all the plant Machinery and its installation and Environment Protection measures cost. Break up of proposed investment and investment for the environment control measure is given in following table-2.1 & table-2.2 respectively.

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TABLE-2.1 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT

SR. NO. DESCRIPTION RS. IN LAKHS

1. Land & Site Development 20.00

2. Building & Civil Works 387.50

3. Plant & Machinery 2612.97

4. Electric Installation 247.77

5. Miscellaneous Fixed Asset 138.00

6. Security Deposit 25.00

7. Preliminary and Pre-operative Expense 225.00

8. Margin Money for Working Capital 200.00

TOTAL 3856.24

TABLE-2.2 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

CONTROL MEASURE (RS. IN LAKHS)

SR. NO. ITEM RS. IN

LAKHS

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE:

1. Air Pollution control equipment 80.0

2. Emission Monitoring equipments 25.0

3. Green belt development 05.0

4. Establishment of Environment cell and Environmental Monitoring 10.0

Total Capital Expenditure 120.0

RECURRING EXPENDITURE PER ANNUM:

5. Recurring expenditure on environmental management cell and on pollution control systems

10.0

2.5 PROJECT SETTING 2.5.1 LOCATION The upcoming cement grinding unit of M/s. K R Associates will be located at Dag No.: 144, 145, 146, 147 & 151, Patta No.: 19, 21, 42 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mauza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. Photographs of the site are given as Annexure-II. District Kamrup is situated between 25º26’ & 26º49’ North latitude and between 90º48’ & 91º50 East longitude. The district is bounded by Udalguri District & Baska District in north, Meghalaya State in south, Darrang District & Kamrup Metropolitan District in east and Goalpara District & Nalbari District in west. The total area covered by Kamrup district is about 4,345 Sq. km. Location map of Kamrup district is shown in figure-2.1 and detailed Layout plan of proposed project is shown in figure-2.3.

1. Location: a) Village : Ambher (around 0.50 km in North) b) District : Kamrup c) State : Assam d) Latitude : 26° 05’ 12.96” North e) Longitude : 91° 52’ 49.30” East

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SR. NO.

NEAREST INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURE DISTANCE FROM PROJECT SITE

9. National Park/Reserve Forest/ Biosphere reserve

Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary (Around 1.24 km in North) Mylliem RF (Around 1.01 km in South) Marakdola RF (Around 1.63 km in South-East) Khanapara RF (Around 5.54 km in North-West) Garbhanga RF (Around 7.92 km in West)

2.5.3 MAP OF KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS A map depicting administrative boundary up to Taluka level, showing National Highway, State Highways, major, medium and other roads with the railway lines is presented in figure-2.2. The major water bodies with the rivers and the river beds are illustrated in the map to provide a better understanding of the project area. The map marks the area within 10 km the project area.

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FIGURE-2.2 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS (20 KM)

M/S. K R ASSO

FIGURE-2.

OCIATES, KA

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E PLANT

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2 - 6

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2.6 MAIN PHASES OF THE PROJECT 2.6.1 PRE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES As the project site is well connected with road, there is no need to construct any approach road or site access. No significant pre-construction activities are anticipated. 2.6.2 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES The project site is located on level ground, which does not require any major land filling for area grading work. Construction activities will include infrastructure as well as production facilities. The proposed plant site region falls in Seismic Zone V, which is a highly active zone. This aspect shall be duly considered and taken care into during the detailed engineering phase while designing the structures. Construction materials, like steel, cement, crushed stones, sand, rubble, etc. will be required for the proposed project & the same will be procured from the local market of the region. 2.6.3 PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES As per the market demand, a product mix OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) and PPC (Portland Pozzolona Cement) shall be produced partly or completely. The manufacturing process of cement consists of mixing, and grinding of clinker, fly ash and gypsum into a cement mill. Clinker is the main ingredient in manufacturing of cement which will be used as a raw material. 2.6.3.1 RAW MATERIALS 2.6.3.1.1 RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION Detail of the raw materials, their source, mode of transportation and consumption for production are presented in following table-2.4. TABLE-2.4 RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENT AND SOURCE

SR. NO.

NAME OF THE RAW MATERIAL

CONSUMPTIONMT/DAY

SOURCE & THEIR DISTANCE (KM)

MODE OF TRANSPORTATION

1. Clinker 700 Meghalaya, Assam and Bhutan

By Road in covered means

2. Fly Ash/Slag 250 West Bengal, Orissa, Jharkhand & Bihar

By Road in covered means

3. Gypsum 50 Bhutan By Road/Rail in covered means

2.6.3.1.2 RAW MATERIAL STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION Scheme of proper storage of raw materials: • All the raw material will be stored within premises with proper enclosures. • All the storage yard / storage area will be clearly earmarked. • Clinker will be stored in closed enclosure covered from all sides and will have a venting arrangement

along with a bag filter. • Generally open storage of clinker will be avoided. Only in case of emergency clinker will be stored in

open with appropriate control measures. Scheme of mode of transportation: The raw materials will be purchased from the external sources as mentioned above. Approximately total 150 numbers of trucks are required for getting raw materials from source to project site. The raw materials will be covered during transported through trucks to the site. Details of storage and handling of raw materials are given as table-2.5.

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TABLE-2.5 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF RAW MATERIALS

SR. NO.

NAME OF THE GOODS OR RAW MATERIAL

STORAGE QUANTITY TYPE OF STORAGE MODE OF

OPERATION

1. Clinker 12000 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading

2. Fly ash/Slag 3000 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading

3. Gypsum 360 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading

4. Cement 1500 MT Totally enclosed RCC silo Air Slide 2.6.3.2 MANUFACTURING PROCESS The plant will be consists crusher, bucket elevators, cement mill, hopper, and silos for storage of materials. The raw clinker will be crushed in the crusher. The crushed clinker will be elevated to suitable height by bucket elevator for cement mill operation. The clinker, fly ash/slag and gypsum will be fed to the cement mill in different proportion to get different type of cement as per market demand.

Clinker (98 %) + Gypsum (2 %) OPC (100 %) Clinker (60 %) + Fly Ash (35 %) + Gypsum (5 %) PPC (100 %)

The gypsum serves to adjust the setting behavior of the cement in order to obtain optimum workability of the product during concrete production. In the cement mill, the added materials will be grind to a fine powder. Then the fine product will blend in the cement Silos. The manufactured cement from the silos will be conveyed to the automatic electronic packers where it will be packed in 50 kg polythene bags and dispatched in the trucks. The manufacturing process flow diagram is as shown in following figure-2.4. FIGURE - 2.4 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM WITH EMP

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Cement Grinding System: The required cement grinding capacity for one cement mill works out to:

= 3,00,000 / 300

= 1000 TPD

For cement grinding, two closed circuit ball mills of 500 TPD will be proposed. Provision has been kept to feed dry fly ash at the discharge end of cement mill to get higher output. 2.7 INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES 2.7.1 LAND Around 13,378 Sq.mt. land area will be required for the proposed cement manufacturing unit, which is already acquired. Land agreement documents are attached as Annexure-III. 2.7.2 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES As project site is well connected through road and railway network. Transportation of all the raw materials and products shall be primarily by road only. 2.7.3 WATER SOURCE AND UTILIZATION Daily water requirement for the proposed project of M/s. K R Associates shall be 7.0 KL/day and would be met through Ground water using Bore well. As, location of the project site falls in safe category based on Ground Water Resource Estimation (GWRE) 2009, Permission to draw ground water is not required as per the Guidelines/Criteria for evaluation of proposals/ requests for ground water abstraction (with effect from 15/11/2012) of Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA). Water requirement is primarily for domestic use, for gardening and dust suppression, there is no industrial use. Details of water requirement and waste water generation are given in following table-2.6, while water balance diagram shown in figure-2.5. TABLE-2.6 WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTE WATER GENERATION

SR. NO. USE FOR WATER CONSUMPTION

(KL/DAY) WASTE WATER GENERATION

(KL/DAY) 1. Domestic Purpose 4.0 3.6 2. Gardening & Other 1.0 - 3. Dust Suppression 2.0 -

TOTAL 7.0 3.6 FIGURE-2.5 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM

Note: All the figures are in KL/Day

Total Requirement of water 7.0

Domestic Waste water 3.6

Gardening & Other 1.0

Domestic 4.0

Dust Suppression 2.0

Treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well.

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2.7.4 POWER REQUIREMENTS Total power requirement will be 2300 KW and shall be taken from Assam State Electricity Board (ASEB); during power failure or emergency, stand by D. G. Sets of 600 KVA & 250 KVA capacity shall be utilized. Energy Balance: Total power requirement for the proposed project is 2300 KW. Load for the various equipments are given as table-2.7. TABLE-2.7 EQUIPMENT LOADS

SR. NO. EQUIPMENT LOAD IN KW

1. Crushing Section 40 KW

2. Cement Mill Section 1900 KW

3. Packing plant 30 KW

4. All pollution control equipment 270 KW

5. All water pumps 10 KW

6. Lighting load 40 KW

7. Miscellaneous 10 KW

TOTAL 2300 KW 2.7.5 FUEL REQUIREMENTS Fuel requirement, their source and distance and mode of transportation are given following table-2.8. TABLE-2.8 FUEL REQUIREMENT

NAME REQUIREMENT SOURCE STORAGE FACILITY TRANSPORTATION

Diesel for two stand by D. G. Set

100 (Lit./hr)

Nearest petrol pump

In drum within premises By road

2.7.6 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS Technically skilled / semi skilled and unskilled manpower is readily available in the area for establishment of the project. It is expected that there will be no dearth in availability of the required personnel for the proposed unit. Total 75 personnel shall be employed for the proposed project. 2.7.7 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R & R) No rehabilitation & Resettlement are involved in this proposed project. 2.7.8 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES In order to combat any occurrence of fire in plant premises the fire protection facilities have been envisaged for the various units of the plant. All plant units, office buildings, stores, laboratories, etc will be provided with adequate number of portable fire extinguishers to be used as first aid fire appliances. 2.8 SOURCE OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES 2.8.1 AIR POLLUTION The particulate emissions are among the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing unit. 2.8.1.1 SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION There will be emission of particulate matter due to operation of crusher and cement mill. The cement dusts are alkaline with size varying from 5 µm to 250 µm. The fugitive dust emissions from the proposed plant would be significant and the sources will be as under:

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1. Loading & unloading section 2. Material Handling Section and Transfer Points 3. Storage of Clinker, Gypsum and Fly Ash 4. Cement Packing Section 5. Roads 6. Transportation of vehicles

2.8.1.2 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES The major pollutant is particulate matter from the proposed cement grinding unit. The unit will install reverse pulse jet type bag filters to control air pollutants. Adequate height shall be provided to stacks attached to the air pollution control equipments to disperse the air pollutants to the satisfactory levels. The details of proposed stacks and pollution control equipments are presented in the following table-2.9. TABLE-2.9 DETAILS OF STACKS WITH AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM

NO. OF STACK

STACK ATTACHED TO


STACK HEIGHT & DIAMETER

POLLUTANTS (APCB LIMIT)


Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.8 M

SPM < 50 mg/Nm3

2. Fly Ash Feeder Fly Ash Dust Collector Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.5 M

SPM < 50 mg/Nm3


Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.5 M

SPM < 50 mg/Nm3

4. Two nos. D. G. Sets of 600 KVA and 250 KVA for emergency use only.


SPM ≤ 150mg/Nm3 SO2 ≤ 100 ppm NOx ≤ 50 ppm


2.8.2 WATER POLLUTION No industrial waste water shall be generated from the proposed project, but only domestic waste water i.e. 3.6 KL/Day will be generated. Entire quantity of domestic waste water generated shall be treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. Details of wastewater generation from proposed project are given in the table-2.6. Moreover company will adopt rain water harvesting, which reduces impact on ground water availability. 2.8.3 NOISE POLLUTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM Extensive oiling and lubrication and preventive maintenance shall be carried out to reduce noise generation at source to the permissible limit. However, at places where noise levels may exceed the permissible limit, acoustic enclosure shall be provided. 2.8.4 LAND/SOIL POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES Dust collected from air pollution control equipment will be 100% recycled in the process. Other solid wastes will be used/spent oil and discarded drums and bags. The sources of solid wastes, generation and its management are as given in the following table-2.10.

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TABLE-2.10 DETAILS SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD

SR. NO.

TYPE OF SOLID



COLLECTION REUSE/ RECYCLE DISPOSAL

1. Used/spent Oil

Prime Movers

10 ltrs per Month

HDPE Drums

Reuse in plant for

lubrication

Collection stored in HDPE drums then used for lubrication within plant or sold to authorized re-processors

2. Discarded Bags

Storages 5,000 nos. per day

Bags - Returned to raw materials suppliers or authorized recyclers.

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CHAPTER – 3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS The baseline status of environmental quality in the vicinity of project site serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. The baseline environmental quality is assessed through field studies within the impact zone for various components of the environment, viz. air, noise, water, land and socio-economic. The baseline environmental quality has been assessed during November 2014 to January 2015 in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site. Location map of the project site with study area is given in figure-3.1. Knowledge of baseline environmental status of the study area is useful for Impact Assessment Process of assessing and predicting the environmental consequences of the significant actions. Significant action depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effect on the health of the biota including flora, fauna and human being, socio-economic conditions, current use of land and resources, physical and cultural heritage properties and biophysical surroundings. Baseline data generation of the following environmental attributes is essential in EIA studies.

1. Meteorology 2. Ambient Air Quality 3. Ambient Noise Quality 4. Surface and Ground water Quality 5. Soil Quality & Geological Features 6. Land use pattern 7. Biological Information 8. Socio-economic status survey

3.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF IMPACT ZONE Deciding whether a proposed action is likely to cause significant adverse environmental effects is central to the concept and practice of EIA. Before proceeding for baseline data generation, it is important to know the boundary limits and framework, so that the data generated can be effectively utilized for impact assessment. In this context, delineate of impact zone plays an important role. Generally the impact zone for industrial actions is classified into three parts; Core Zone, buffer Zone and Unaffected Zone, as illustrated below. The area of impact zone invariably changes from project to project and depends on the nature and magnitude of activities.

Core Zone (Host and Proximate Area where the proposed activities is completed) - This area is closest to the activity where the background quality of environmental and human health is always at high risk. This involves risks due to steady state, transient and accidental release of pollutants, noise, increased traffic congestion and social stress. The immediate vicinity of the plant that is around 3 km radius is factual core zone in this case.

Buffer zone (Moderately affected area) - Being a little away from the activity, the discharge pollutants need time lag to be transported to this area and gets attenuated/diluted to a considerable extent. However, the associated risk shall be real during brake-down, failure or upset conditions, and simultaneously with adverse meteorological and hydrological factors. Distance from 3 km to 7 km around the project site in the factual buffer zone in this case. This is based on the mathematical modeling study and air pollution dispersion pattern.

Unaffected Zone - This area shall not be at risk of serious damage to life, health and property. Here the impact becomes small enough to become imperceptible and/or inconsequent and/or insignificant and normal life activities shall prevail without any disturbances due to the activity. Distance away from the 7 km buffer zone is the factually unaffected zone in this case. While generating the baseline status of physical and biological environment of the study area, the concept of impact zone has been considered. The Impact zone selection is based on preliminary screening and modeling studies. For demography and socio-economics, block wise data has been collected and used for the assessment of impacts.

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FIGURE-3.1 LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE WITH STUDY AREA

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3.2 CLIMATE The climate of the study area is humid and tropical. A hot and humid pre-monsoon from March to mid May, a prolonged southwest monsoon or rainy season from mid May to September, a pleasant post-monsoon or retreating monsoon from October to November and a cold pleasant winter from December to February are the characteristics of the general climate. Summer runs concurrently with the later part of the pre-monsoon season and continues throughout the monsoon season. The four climatic seasons viz. pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter could be considered as comprising of the following months:

Pre-monsoon : March, April and May

Monsoon : May, June, July, August and September

Post-monsoon : October and November

Winter : December, January and February

Sometimes, the monsoon commences in mid-May and ends in mid-September. Therefore, the boundaries between the seasons are not very rigid. The months November, December and January are considered to be representative study period. 3.3 METEOROLOGY Air borne pollutants is dispersed by atmospheric motion. Knowledge of these motions, which range is scale from turbulent diffusion to long-range transport by weather systems, is essential to simulate such dispersion and quality of impacts of air pollution on the environment. The purpose of EIA is to determine whether average concentrations are likely to encounter at fixed locations (Know as the receptor), due to the given sources (locations and rates of emission known), under idealized atmospheric conditions. It is imperative that one should work with idealized condition and all analysis pertaining to air turbulence and ambient air or noise pollution should be done with meteorological conditions, which can at best be expected to occur. Meteorology data has been extracted from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables, 1961-1990 of Guwahati station which is presented in following sections. A copy of the long-term Climatological data is enclosed as Annexure-IV. 3.3.1 TEMPERATURE DETAILS Mean daily maximum temperature is recorded in the month of August at 32.1°C. Highest mean temperature in the month, recorded in April, is 36.1°C. From October to January, both day and night temperatures begin to decrease rapidly. January is generally the coldest month, with mean morning temperatures of 15.3°C. Mean daily minimum temperature of about 10.2 °C is recorded in January. During the post-monsoon months of October to November, day temperatures remain between 21.4-25.8 ºC. In winters, i.e. December to February, day temperatures remain between 15.3-17.7 ºC. 3.3.2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH) Most humid conditions are found in the monsoons, followed by post-monsoons, winter and summer in that order. Mornings are more humid than evenings and humidity ranges from a high of 83-85% in monsoon mornings to a low of 47-70% in summer evenings. During post-monsoon season, in morning humidity remains between 83-84 % and in the evening it remains between 79-80%. 3.3.3 RAINFALL The total rainfall in year is observed to be 1680.1 mm. Distribution of rainfall by season is 34.0 mm in winter (December to February), 325.3 mm in summer (March, April, May), 1232.2 mm in monsoons (mid May to September) and 106.1 mm in post-monsoons (October to November). 3.3.4 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION Pre dominant wind direction is shown as following table-3.1.

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TABLE-3.1 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION

MONTH JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

FIRST HIGHEST

Morning CALM CALM CALM NE NE CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM

Evening CALM CALM CALM NE NE CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM

SECOND HIGHEST

Morning NE NE NE E CALM NE NE NE NE NE NE NE

Evening NE NE NE CALM CALM NE W W W NE NE NE, E

THIRD HIGHEST

Morning E E E CALM E E E E E E E E

Evening E W W E E W NE, NW SW SW E E S

(Source: Long term Meteorological Tables, 1961-1990, IMD) As per Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables, 1961-1990 the predominant wind direction during the study period in winter season is observed to be from NE direction. 3.3.5 CLOUD COVER The area remains cloudy between June - September, which is the active period of the monsoon season. Generally cloud cover ranges from 4 to 7 Oktas during monsoon season. 3.3.6 SITE SPECIFIC MICRO-METEOROLOGY DATA Meteorological station was installed at the project site to record micrometeorological parameters on hourly basis during study period to understand the wind pattern, temperature variation, relative humidity variation, etc. Site-specific mean meteorological data is given in table-3.2 and the wind rose diagram processed by ISCST3 software from data collected at site is shown in figure-3.2. TABLE-3.2 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA (NOV-2014 TO JAN-2015)

METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETER

MONTH OF YEAR 2014-2015

NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY

Temperature (0C) Min. Max. Avg.

21.0 42.3 29.5

15.4 43.2 23.1

13.0 38.0 27.9

Relative Humidity (%) Min. Max. Avg.

42.0 96.0 71.9

32.0 96.0 72.8

56.0 94.0 77.7

Wind Speed (m/s) Min. Max. Avg.

0.0 3.0

0.45

0.0 3.4

0.36

0.0 5.0

0.71

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FIGURE-3.2 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM

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3.4 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE AREA To the north, the District Kamrup shares its boundary with Bhutan while the southern boundary of the District Kamrup is shared with Meghalaya. The eastern boundary of the District Kamrup is shared by District Darrang and District Morigaon while District Goalpara and District Nalbari are located on the western boundary. The general Topography of the study area varies from low-lying plains to highland having small-hillocks. To study topography of the area Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is extracted using google maps. Digital Elevation Model is defined as three dimensional model of earth’s surface, provided in a digital form. This gives a quantitative model of landform. Often the terms of DEM are used for model for containing discrete data on elevation. It is a computer simulation model to show relief, based on three dimensional data. A map depicting Digital Elevation Model is presented as in following figure-3.3. 3.5 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE AREA The entire area of the District Kamrup is situated at the plains of the Brahmaputra Valley. The district Kamrup is well drained by River Digaru. A number of seasonal streams ordinate from the study area and merge with larger streams and rivers as tributaries of the river Brahmaputra, viz. Puthimari, Bornoi, Kulsi, Pagladiya, Kalajal, and Nona. The tributaries of the Brahmaputra in the District originate from the foothills of the Himalayan range. FIGURE-3.3 DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL (10 KM RADIUS FROM PROJECT SITE)

N

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3.6 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3.6.1 DESIGN OF NETWORK FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS The air quality status in the impact zone is assessed through a network of ambient air quality monitoring locations. The tropical climatic conditions mainly control the transport and dispersion of air pollutant during various seasons. The baseline studies for air environment include identification of specific air pollutants prior to implementation of the project. The Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) study requires monitoring of baseline air quality during one season. Accordingly, air quality monitoring was carried out in the winter season from November 2014 to January 2015. The baseline status of the air environment is assessed through a systematic air quality surveillance programme, which is planned based on the following criteria:

• Topography / terrain of the study area • Regional synoptic scale climatologically normal • Densely populated areas within the region • Location of surrounding industries • Representation of regional background • Representation of valid cross-sectional distribution in downwind direction

3.6.2 RECONNAISSANCE Reconnaissance was undertaken to establish the baseline status of air environment in the study region. Eight Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) locations were selected based on guidelines of network sitting criteria. All AAQM locations were selected within the study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site. 3.6.3 METHODOLOGY FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in accordance with guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of June 1998 and National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of CPCB vide G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 18th November, 2009. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) was carried out at nine locations during winter season from November 2014 to January 2015 for parameters such as Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx). The monitoring was carried out 24 hours a day twice a week per location in the study area except the project site, where continuous monitoring was carried out. Twenty Four numbers of observations were taken at each monitoring location except the project site. The locations of the different stations with respect to its distance and direction from project site are shown in table-3.3 and figure-3.4 respectively. The values for mentioned concentrations of various pollutants at all the monitoring locations were processed for different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, minimum concentration, and maximum concentration and percentile values. The existing baseline levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx, are expressed in terms of various statistical parameters as given in tables-3.4. Prevailing air environment quality standards are enclosed as an annexure-V. TABLE-3.3 DETAILS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS

SR. NO. NAME OF VILLAGE BEARING W.R.T. APPROXIMATE RADIAL

DISTANCE(KM) TYPE OF

AREA 1. Project Site (A1) - 0 Industrial 2. Gojigaon (A2) NE 3.7 Residential 3. Sarutari (A3) S 2.3 Residential 4. Byrnihat (A4) SSW 4.3 Residential 5. Chhatakling (A5) W 1.9 Residential 6. Amjok (A6) SSW 4.5 Residential 7. Jorabat (A7) N 1.4 Residential 8. Patarkuchi (A8) NNE 2.5 Residential

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A1

A3

A2

A8

A5

A7

A4

A6

FIGURE-3.4 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS

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TABLE-3.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS

SR. NO.

SAMPLING LOCATION -

PARAMETERS

Unit: µg/m3

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2

1. Project Site (A1)

Min. 82.6 35.2 10.1 21.6

Max. 70.5 41.6 13.2 24.1

Ave. 76.7 38.6 11.6 22.9

98th Per. 82.4 41.6 13.1 24.1

2. Gojigaon (A2)

Min. 49.3 25.4 7.9 16.9

Max. 63.4 32.0 10.8 20.1

Ave. 56.6 28.7 9.2 18.5

98th Per. 62.9 31.9 10.7 20.0

3. Sarutari (A3)

Min. 59.1 30.1 8.1 18.5

Max. 71.0 36.1 9.9 21.2

Ave. 65.6 33.2 9.0 19.8

98th Per. 70.7 35.9 9.8 21.1

4. Byrnihat (A4)

Min. 44.6 22.8 7.4 17.6

Max. 55.4 27.9 9.2 20.1

Ave. 49.7 25.4 8.3 18.6

98th Per. 55.1 27.8 9.1 20.0

5. Chhatakling (A5)

Min. 52.8 26.6 8.2 17.1

Max. 67.5 34.1 10.3 19.2

Ave. 61.2 30.8 9.3 18.1

98th Per. 67.3 33.9 10.2 19.2

6. Amjok (A6)

Min. 42.3 21.6 7.3 15.2

Max. 58.2 27.1 9.4 17.3

Ave. 49.8 24.8 8.3 16.5

98th Per. 57.7 27.1 9.3 17.3

7. Jorabat (A7)

Min. 66.8 33.5 9.1 20.2

Max. 78.2 39.2 11.5 23.1

Ave. 72.1 36.4 10.3 21.7

98th Per. 77.9 39.1 11.5 23.0

8. Patarkuchi (A8)

Min. 36.3 18.5 7.2 14.9

Max. 49.3 25.3 8.9 17.3

Ave. 42.8 21.8 8.1 16.2

98th Per. 49.0 25.2 8.9 17.3 3.6.4 RESULTS & DISCUSSION The existing baseline levels in winter season with respect to PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx expressed in terms of various statistical parameters are presented in tables-3.4.

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During winter season, the arithmetic mean values of PM10 varied between 36.3-78.2 μg/m3 while the 98th percentile values of PM10 concentrations ranged between 49.0-82.4 μg/m3. The arithmetic mean values of PM2.5 varied between 18.5-41.6 μg/m3 and the 98th percentile values of PM2.5 concentrations were observed to vary from 25.2-41.6 μg/m3.

The arithmetic mean values for SO2 was 7.2-13.2 μg/m3 for winter season and the 98th percentile concentrations of SO2 was 8.9-13.1 μg/m3. The arithmetic mean values of NOx varied between 14.9-24.1 μg/m3 while the 98th percentile concentrations of NOx also ranged from 17.3-24.1 μg/m3.

From the above mentioned studies it is observed that PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx concentrations are well below the stipulated standards of CPCB in the winter seasons. 3.6.5 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RSPM Chemical characterization of RSPM is mentioned in following table-3.5. TABLE - 3.5 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS OF RSPM

SR. NO. CHARACTERISTICS

PRO

JEC

T S

ITE

(A

1)

GO

JIG

AO

N

(A2)

SAR

UT

AR

I (A

3)

BY

RN

IHA

T

(A4)

CH

HA

TA

KL

ING

(A

5)

AM

JOK

(A

6)

JOR

AB

AT

(A

7)

PAT

AR

KU

CH

I (A

8)

1. Respirable Particulate Matter (µg/m3) 82.6 60.1 68.3 46.8 56.3 44.6 76.2 38.6

2. Calcium as Ca (µg/m3) 2.40 1.82 2.0 1.54 1.88 1.52 2.15 1.12

3. Magnesium as Mg (µg/m3) 0.86 0.44 0.62 0.30 0.42 0.30 0.74 0.18

4. Sodium as Na (µg/m3) 0.45 0.25 0.36 0.22 0.28 0.16 0.50 0.12

5. Potassium as K (µg/m3) 0.18 0.10 0.12 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 0.16 < 0.1

6. Chromium as Cr (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

7. Aluminum Al (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

8. Silica (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

9. Lead as Pb (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

10. Zinc as Zn (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

11. Iron as Fe (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

12. Nickel as Ni (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

13. Arsenic as As (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

14. Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3.7.1 SOURCE OF WATER OF THE STUDY AREA Source of water of the study area are ground water. Ground water table of the area is not expected to be encountered at shallower depths of the order of at least 8-10m from the average ground level. 3.7.2 METHODOLOGY FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING Physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed to ascertain the baseline status existing surface water and ground water bodies. Samples were collected once during the study period for winter season. The details of surface and ground water sampling locations are given in table-3.6 and sampling locations of water quality monitoring are shown in figure-3.5. The Indian standard specification for drinking water is enclosed as Annexure-VI and CPCB standards of classification of inland surface water as Annexure-VII. The physico-

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chemical characteristics of the different ground water samples and surface water samples are presented in the tables-3.7 and table-3.8 respectively. TABLE-3.6 DETAILS OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING LOCATIONS

SR. NO. SAMPLING LOCATIONS

BEARING W. R.T.

PROJECT SITE

APPROXIMATE RADIAL DISTANCE FROM PROJECT

SITE (KM)

1. Project Site (GW1) - 0

2. Gojigaon (GW2) NE 3.7

3. Sonaigaon (GW3) E 3.2

4. Sarutari (GW4) S 2.3

5. Chhatakling (GW5) W 1.9

6. Amjok (GW6) SSW 4.5

7. Jorabat (GW7) N 1.4

8. Patarkuchi (GW8) NNE 2.4

9. Sonaigaon (SW1) E 3.2

10. Sarutari (SW2) S 2.3

11. Rohana (SW3) S 4.7

12. Kling (SW4) W 4.3

13. Patarkuchi (SW5) NNE 2.4

14. Panjarbari (SW6) NW 7.3

15. River water near Byrnihat (SW7) SSW 4.3

16. River water near Laflang N.C. (SW8) SE 4.5

GW= Ground water, SW= Surface water

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GW

1

GW

2

GW

3 G

W5

GW

4

GW

6

GW

8

GW

7 SW

1

SW2

SW3

SW7

SW5

SW5

SW4

SW6

FIGURE-3.5 LOCATIONS OF WATER SAMPLING STATIONS

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M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 3 -13

TABLE-3.7 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY

SR. NO. PARAMETERS

UN

IT

LOCATIONS

PRO

JEC

T S

ITE

(G

W1)

GO

JIG

AO

N

(GW

2)

SON

AIG

AO

N

(GW

3)

SAR

UT

AR

I (G

W4)

CH

HA

TA

KL

ING

(G

W5)

AM

JOK

(G

W6)

JOR

AB

AT

(G

W7)

PAT

AR

KU

CH

I (G

W8)

1. pH at 25 0C - 7.65 7.62 6.93 7.25 7.25 7.32 7.72 7.31

2. Colour Hazen 01 01 01 01 01 01 < 01 < 01

3. Taste - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

4. Odour - Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

5. Conductivity at 25 0C μmhos/cm 668 832 676 472 1128 989 1238 1066

6. Turbidity NTU 0.8 1.2 2.5 3.6 1.12 1.35 0.8 0.9

7. TDS mg/l 428 530 432 304 728 571 796 688

8. TSS mg/l 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.5

9. Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 250 280 220 180 320 300 410 360

10. Total Alkalinity mg/l 160 200 150 120 260 210 320 260

11. Calcium as Ca mg/l 60 64 52 40 84 72 84 80

12. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 24.0 28.8 21.6 19.2 26.4 28.8 48.0 38.4

13. Chloride as Cl mg/l 90.0 95.0 80.0 60.0 115.0 100.0 140.1 120.0

14. Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 32.8 61.6 60.4 21.6 113.2 79.8 76.6 80.6

15. Fluorides as F mg/l 0.40 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8

16. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 7.5 10.0 6.9 5.0 14.4 8.8 13.3 11.3

17. Aluminum as Al mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

18. Manganese as Mn mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.006 < 0.001 0.011 0.016

19. Phenolic Compound mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

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SR. NO. PARAMETERS

UN

IT

LOCATIONS

PRO

JEC

T S

ITE

(G

W1)

GO

JIG

AO

N

(GW

2)

SON

AIG

AO

N

(GW

3)

SAR

UT

AR

I (G

W4)

CH

HA

TA

KL

ING

(G

W5)

AM

JOK

(G

W6)

JOR

AB

AT

(G

W7)

PAT

AR

KU

CH

I (G

W8)

20. Cyanide as CN mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

21. Mineral Oil mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

22. Cadmium as Cd mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

23. Arsenic as As mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

24. Copper as Cu mg/l 0.062 0.054 0.062 0.070 0.034 0.046 0.068 0.072

25. Lead as Pb mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

26. Iron as Fe mg/l 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.09 0.08 0.11 0.13

27. Chromiun as Cr6+ mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

28. Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.008 0.079 0.086 0.071 0.056 0.061 0.079 0.086

29. Mercury Hg mg/l < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001

30. Selenium as Se mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

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TABLE-3.8 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY

SR. NO. PARAMETERS

UN

IT

LOCATIONS

SON

AIG

AO

N

(SW

1)

SAR

UT

AR

I (S

W2)

RO

HA

NA

(S

W3)

KL

ING

(S

W4)

PAT

AR

KU

CH

I (S

W5)

PAN

JAR

BA

RI

(SW

6)

RIV

ER

WA

TE

R

NR

. BY

RN

IHA

T

(SW

7)

RIV

ER

WA

TE

R

NR

. LA

FLA

NG

N

.C.

(SW

8)

1. pH at 25 0C - 7.26 7.61 7.64 7.68 7.98 7.62 7.65 7.96

2. Taste - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

3. Colour Hazen 06 04 08 06 06 04 12 06

4. Odour - Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

Unobjecti-onable

5. Conductivity at 25 0C μmhos/cm 230 168 238 326 238 346 434 60

6. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 5.2 4.9 5.0 4.3 5.2 5.3 4.2 5.2

7. BOD (3 days at 27 0C) mg/l 06 05 06 08 08 07 12 05

8. TDS mg/l 146 106 151 208 151 218 278 91

9. Total Hardness mg/l 80 60 90 110 80 110 160 60

10. Chloride as Cl mg/l 25.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 20.0

11. Fluorides as F mg/l 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

12. Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 13.2 10.4 10.3 18.9 17.1 31.4 37.1 7.5

13. Turbidity NTU 3.5 3.1 2.6 3.1 3.6 2.5 4.1 3.1

14. Total Alkalinity mg/l 60 40 60 80 60 90 120 30

15. TSS mg/l 05 04 06 04 12 08 13 11

16. Boron as B mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

17. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 3.1 2.5 3.1 3.7 3.1 4.4 5.0 2.5

18. Cyanide as CN mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

19. Calcium as Ca mg/l 20 16 20 32 20 24 40 16

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SR. NO. PARAMETERS

UN

IT

LOCATIONS

SON

AIG

AO

N

(SW

1)

SAR

UT

AR

I (S

W2)

RO

HA

NA

(S

W3)

KL

ING

(S

W4)

PAT

AR

KU

CH

I (S

W5)

PAN

JAR

BA

RI

(SW

6)

RIV

ER

WA

TE

R

NR

. BY

RN

IHA

T

(SW

7)

RIV

ER

WA

TE

R

NR

. LA

FLA

NG

N

.C.

(SW

8)

20. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 7.2 4.8 9.6 7.2 7.2 12 14.4 4.8

21. Free Ammonia mg/l 1.68 1.12 0.98 1.28 1.65 0.86 2.42 0.006

22. Iron as Fe mg/l 0.14 0.12 0.169 0.16 0.14 0.23 0.26 0.21

23. Cadmium as Cd mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

24. Lead as Pb mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

25. Copper as Cu mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.062 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

26. Arsenic as As mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

27. Phenolics as C6H5OH mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

28. Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.018 0.023 0.062 0.053 0.038 0.042 0.097 < 0.001

29. Mercury Hg mg/l < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001

30. Manganese as Mn mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

31. Chromiun as Cr6+ mg/l < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001

32. Mineral Oil mg/l 0.006 0.011 0.013 0.062 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.011 < 0.001

33. Aluminum as Al mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

34. Total Coli foms Cfu/100ml 2140 3200 3100 1000 3210 3850 3820 1300

35. Selenium as Se mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

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3.7.3 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER 3.7.3.1 GROUND WATER Groundwater samples from different villages in the project area were collected and analyzed during winter season. The physico-chemical characteristics of the groundwater are presented in the table-3.7. The pH varied in the range of 6.93-7.72, turbidity 0.8- 3.6 NTU and total hardness 180-410 mg/l. Heavy metals concentrations were observed to be below Indian standard/specification for drinking water IS 10500-1992. 3.7.3.2 SURFACE WATER The Physico-chemical characteristics of surface water during winter season are summarized in table-3.8. The pH varied is from 6.98-7.96, the turbidity varied from 2.6-4.1 NTU, the total dissolved solids varied from 91-278 mg/l, BOD from 05 to 12 mg/l, Conductivity varied from 60-434 µmhos/cm. The total alkalinity varied from 30 to 120 mg/l and total hardness varied from 60-160 mg/l. The levels of heavy metals viz. Nickel, Chromium, Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Iron, Manganese, Zinc and Cobalt were found to be within permissible limits. The overall surface was found to be average and the water should be treated before using it for drinking purpose. Indian Standards/Specifications for Drinking Water (IS: 10500-1991) are given in Annexure-VI and CPCB standards classification of inland surface water is enclosed as an Annexure-VII. 3.7.4 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STUDY Baseline hydro-geological study is carried out during the study period and followings are the findings of the study:

• Geologically, entire study area comprises of Alluvium which includes Silty Clay, Clayey Sand with Kankars and Gravels followed by rock.

• The short term average annual rainfall is 1680.1 mm. • In the study area, the water extraction is done through various types of sources like open well, hand

pump and tube well. The depth of the open well and tube well found between 30ft and 1000 ft. • Resistivity survey was carried out for delineating the deeper sub surface aquifer conditions and sub

surface layer information for ground water resources. • All the water samples collected and analyzed fall in the soft category of hardness. • The overall groundwater quality of the area is ‘Excellent’. • In natural condition, however induced recharge may be higher. Hence water level in the well may

rise and water quality will be improved. 3.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The objective of the noise pollution survey around the project site was to identify existing noise sources and to measure background noise levels. The study was carried out in the following steps:

• Reconnaissance • Identification of noise sources and measurement of noise levels • Measurement of noise levels due to transportation • Community noise levels

3.8.1 RECONNAISSANCE The details of location of background noise monitoring station are given in table-3.9 while the results of noise monitoring are given in table-3.10. 3.8.2 EQUIVALENT SOUND LEVELS OR EQUIVALENT CONTINUOUS EQUAL ENERGY

LEVEL (Leq) There is large number of noise scales and rating methods based on some sort of average of weighted average quantities derived from the detailed noise characteristics. Equivalent sound levels or Equivalent continuous equal energy level (Leq) is a statistical value of sound pressure level that can be equated to any fluctuating noise level and forms a useful measure of noise exposure and forms basis of several of the noise indices used presently.

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Leq is defined as the constant noise level, which over a given time, expands the same amount of energy, as is expanded by the fluctuating level over the same time. This value is expressed by the equation:

Leq = 10 log Σ (10)Li/10 × ti

Where, n = Total number of sound samples,

Li = The noise level of any ith sample

ti = Time duration of ith sample,

Expressed as fraction of total sample time Leq has gained wide spread acceptance as a scale for the measurement of long term noise exposure. Hourly equipment noise levels in the identified impact zone are monitored for day and time separately using sound level meter. All the values are reported in Leq and in case of equipment noise, Sound pressure level are monitored 1.5 m away from the machine and assessed with respect to standard prescribed in factory Act. 3.8.3 METHODOLOGY FOR NOISE MONITORING Noise standards have been designated for different types of area, i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and silence zones, as per ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14, 2000. Different standards have been stipulated for day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am). Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out within a study area. The locations are away from the major roads and major noise sources so as to measure ambient noise levels. One day monitoring was carried out at all the locations during the study period. The frequency of monitoring was set at an interval of 15 seconds over a period of 10 minutes per hour for 24-hours. The observed Equivalent sound levels (Leq) values in dBA are given in table-3.10 for each monitoring location in distinguished form of day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am). All measurements were carried out when the ambient conditions were unlikely to adversely affect the results. TABLE-3.9 DETAILS OF LOCATION OF BACKGROUND NOISE MONITORING STATIONS

SR. NO. NAME OF VILLAGE BEARING W.R.T.

PROJECT SITE

APPROXIMATE RADIAL DISTANCE FROM

PROJECT SITE (KM)

1. Project Site (N1) - 0

2. Gojigaon (N2) NE 3.7

3. Sarutari (N3) S 2.3

4. Byrnihat (N4) SSW 4.3

5. Chhatakling (N5) W 1.9

6. Amjok (N6) SSW 4.5

7. Jorabat (N7) N 1.4

8. Patarkuchi (N8) NNE 2.5

i=n

i=1

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TABLE-3.10 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS

SR. NO. LOCATION CATEGORY OF

AREA

NOISE LEVEL (Leq) IN dBA (DAY TIME)

(0600 to 2100 hrs.)

NOISE LEVEL (Leq) IN dBA (NIGHT TIME)

(2100 to 0600 hrs.)

1. Project Site (N1) Industrial 53.2 – 65.2 49.3 – 56.6

2. Gojigaon (N2) Residential 47.3 – 58.1 39.1 – 47.8

3. Sarutari (N3) Industrial 52.6 – 61.0 42.6 – 52.6

4. Byrnihat (N4) Residential 42.6 – 54.6 35.7 – 42.1

5. Chhatakling (N5) Residential 47.2 – 56.2 39.5 – 44.5

6. Amjok (N6) Residential 43.4 – 53.6 36.6 – 41.5

7. Jorabat (N7) Residential 50.8 – 62.8 46.2 – 55.4

8. Patarkuchi (N8) Residential 44.4 – 56.8 38.2 – 46.2 3.8.4 BASELINE NOISE LEVELS The noise level measured in study area at different locations is given in table-3.10. The Project site and one more location are fall in category of industrial area and the noise level was found 52.6.-65.2 dBA in daytime and 42.6-56.6 dBA in night time. The noise levels varied in the residential area of the study area during day time [night time] in the range of 42.6-62.8 [35.7-55.4] dBA. The noise sources identified in industrial zone are vehicular traffic, industrial and commercial activities. CPCB recommendation for community noise exposure in different category of area (i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and silence zone) is enclosed as Annexure-VIII, while Damage risk criteria for hearing loss given by occupational safety & health administration (OSHA) is enclosed as Annexure-IX. The observed noise levels were below the stipulated standards of CPCB. 3.8.5 COMMUNITY NOISE LEVELS The communities close to the project site are not exposed to major noise sources. The commercial activities and transport apart from natural sources contribute to community noise levels. The noise levels close to project site were low and within the stipulated standards of CPCB for the respective designated areas. 3.9 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.9.1 METHODOLOGY FOR SOIL MONITORING Soil samples were collected from eight different locations within the study area during the study period. Soil monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out within a study area. The locations selected for collection of soil samples are presented in table-3.11. The analysis results of soil samples collected from the study area given in table-3.12. TABLE-3.11 SAMPLING LOCATIONS: SOIL QUALITY

SR. NO. SAMPLING LOCATION BEARING

W.R.T. PROJECT SITE

APPROXIMATE RADIAL DISTANCE FROM PROJECT

SITE (KM)

1. Project Site (S1) - 0

2. Gojigaon (S2) NE 3.7

3. Sarutari (S3) S 2.3

4. Byrnihat (S4) SSW 4.3

5. Chhatakling (S5) W 1.9

6. Amjok (S6) SSW 4.5

7. Jorabat (S7) N 1.4

8. Patarkuchi (S8) NNE 2.5

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TABLE-3.12 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL

SR. NO. PARAMETERS

UN

IT

PRO

JEC

T S

ITE

(S

1)

GO

JIG

AO

N

(S2)

SAR

UT

AR

I (S

3)

BY

RN

IHA

T

(S4)

CH

HA

TA

KL

ING

(S

5)

AM

JOK

(S

6)

JOR

AB

AT

(S

7)

PAT

AR

KU

CH

I (S

8)

1. Texture - Silty Clay

Silty Clay

Silty Clay

Silty Clay

Silty Clay Clay Clay Silty

Clay

2. Sand % 14 12 20 38 14 18 14 10

3. Silt % 42 40 46 20 54 28 30 62

4. Clay % 44 48 34 42 32 54 56 28

5. Porosity % 32 26 32 25 24 26 35 33

6. Water Holding Capacity % 12.3 15.6 14.8 16.3 18.2 12.3 14.5 15.9

7. Permeability cm/h 4.6 4.8 4.3 4.2 4.9 4.2 5.1 5.6

8. Moisture % 12.3 10.5 8.9 10.2 10.8 12.3 11.4 8.6

9. Cation Exchange Capacity

- 1.26 1.45 1.34 1.37 1.56 1.37 1.38 1.42

10. Phosphorous as P2O5 - 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.05

11. pH at 25 0C - 7.26 7.28 7.34 7.64 7.28 7.49 7.68 7.93

12. Elec. Conductivity μmhos/cm 102 132 124 156 96 129 142 117

13. Bulk Density gm/cc 1.38 1.38 1.56 1.42 1.34 1.34 1.46 1.28

14. Sodium Absorption Ratio - 1.74 1.12 1.17 1.14 1.33 1.22 1.20 1.43

15. Available Nitrogen kg/ha 268 272 256 278 238 289 268 254

16. Available P as PO4 kg/ha 46 42 58 49 49 51 43 52

17. Available K kg/ha 164 138 186 194 164 176 138 162

18. Exchangeable Ca meq/100g 2.26 2.86 2.53 2,95 2.16 2.38 2.86 2.37

19. Exchangeable Mg meq/100g 1.35 1.54 1.24 1.38 1.62 1.24 1.32 1.24

20. Exchangeable Na meq/100g 3.24 2.58 2.34 2.64 2.54 2.32 2.68 2.72

21. Organic Carbon % 1.26 1.12 1.36 1.46 1.24 1.25 1.14 2.14

3.9.2 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL Physical characteristics of soil samples are delineated through specific parameters, viz., particle size distribution, texture, bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity. The particle size distribution in terms of percentage of sand, silt and clay is furnished in table-3.12. The predominant texture of soil in study area is Silty Clay. Regular cultivation practices increase the bulk density of soil, thus inducing compaction. This results in reduction in water percolation rate and penetration of root through soils. The bulk density of soils in the region is in the range of 1.28-1.56 gm/cc, which is considered as moderate. Soil porosity is a measure of air filled pore spaces and gives information about movement of gases, inherent moisture, and development of root system and strength of soil. Variations in soil porosity and water holding capacity are presented in table-3.12. The porosity and water holding capacity of soils are in the range of 24-35% and 12.3-18.2%.

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Organic matter present in soil influences its physical and chemical properties. Organic carbon in soil samples vary in the range of 1.12-2.14 which is low to medium and phosphorous as P2O5 varies from 0.03-0.06 kg/ha. 3.10 NATURAL HAZARDS The Kamrup district of Assam is quite susceptible to natural hazards, mainly, earthquakes and floods. A natural disaster during construction or during operation can have a significant effect on the local environment in the area. Such disasters also sometimes create difficulties in access by affecting transportation links. As a result, this section has been included in the scope of this chapter. 3.10.1 SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAKES Earthquake is a common phenomenon and may occur several times in a year in the State of Assam. The study area is located in Zone 5 as shown in the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) 2000 seismic zone map for India as shown in figure-3.6. Zone 5 is defined as region which might encounter earthquakes of maximum intensity. In Assam there are two parallel faults running in east-west trend. One is located at the foothills of Assam Himalayas, which is actually a prolongation of Great Boundary fault of Western Himalayas. The other fault is Haflong – Disang fault. Southern districts, like the rest of Assam, are located on seismically active area and experience earthquakes pretty often the earthquake history of Assam is presented in table-3.13. FIGURE-3.6 SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF ASSAM

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TABLE-3.13 SIGNIFICANT EARTHQUAKES IN ASSAM

DATE OF QUAKE

LOCATION OF EPICENTER REMARKS

10 January 1869 Cachar Magnitude M 7.5. The quake was felt over an area of 647 sq. km. It caused serious damage in the region.

12 June 1897 Near Rangjoli, Assam

Magnitude M 8.0. This was one of the most powerful earthquakes in the Indian sub-continent. The quake wreaked havoc across the present states of Assam and Meghalaya. 1500 people were killed and hundreds more hurt.

21 January 1941, Near Tezpur, Assam

Magnitude M 6.5.

23 October 1943 Near Nowgong, Assam

Magnitude M 7.2. Felt strongly in the region and in neighboring Manipur.

15 August 1950 Indo-China Border Region

Magnitude M 8.6. This "Independence Day" earthquake was the 6th largest earthquake of the 20th century. Though it hit in a mountainous region along India's international border with China, 1500 people were killed and the drainage of the region was greatly affected.

31 December 1984 Silchar, Assam Magnitude M 6.0. 20 people were killed in Cachar District and a 100 were injured.

[Source: District Disaster Management & Response Plan of Kamrup District] 3.10.2 FLOOD HAZARD One of the most serious problems of Assam is the occurrence of frequent and widespread floods. The Brahmaputra and the Umtru are the main two rivers, which can cause major floods problem, bank erosion and drainage congestion during the monsoon every year. Large areas are inundated by floods causing heavy loss in terms of life and property; it causes extensive damage to standing crops valued at several crores of rupees almost every year. As per the Flood Hazard Zonation Map shown in Annexure-X, study area is not been affected by flood as project site does not fall in flood prone area. 3.11 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT An assessment of socio - economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study. Therefore, baseline information for the same was collected during the study period. The baseline socio - economic data collected for the study region, has been identified for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic amenities, economy and social culture. The baseline status of the above indicators is compiled in forthcoming sections. 3.11.1 DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS Core Zone: There is no household in the project area. Buffer Zone: A socio-economic study has been carried out within the study area. The data are based on 2001 Census report. The break-up of population for male and female is summarized in following table-3.14. TABLE-3.14 TEHSIL WISE POPULATION WITHIN STUDY AREA

DISTRICT TEHSIL NO. OF HOUSEHOLD

TOTAL POPULATION MALE FEMALE

Ri Bhoi Umling 3,866 20,431 10,792 9,639

Kamrup

Sonapur 9,394 50,617 26,371 24,246

Chandrapur 1,361 6,725 3,594 3,131

Dispur 3,037 15,952 9,782 6,170

TOTAL 17,658 93,725 50,539 43,186

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The Population status, SC/ST break-up, literacy level, employment pattern as per Census 2001 in the buffer zone are summarized in following table-3.15 and shown in figure-3.7 to 3.17. TABLE-3.15 DEMOGRAPHY PATTERN IN STUDY AREA

Occupation Population %

Main Workers 30,810 84.17%

Marginal workers 5,796 15.83%

Total workers 36,606 39.06%

Non workers 57,119 60.94%

Break-up of main workers

Cultivators 6,473 21.01%

Agriculture labour 2,190 7.10%

Household industry 569 1.85%

Others 21,578 70.04%

Total 30,810 100.00

Break-up of marginal workers

Cultivators 1,614 27.85%

Agriculture labour 1,702 29.36%

Household industry 513 8.85%

Others 1,967 33.94%

Total 5,796 100.00

Other Details

Literate 55,936 59.68%

Illiterate 37,789 40.32%

SC 3,181 3.40%

ST 21,763 23.22%

Female ratio per 1000 male 854 -

Population density per sq. m. 298 -

Avg. Family size 5 - FIGURE-3.7 SC & ST IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.7 and table-3.15 shows that 3.40% of the total population is SC Population whereas 23.22% of the total population are ST population and remain 73.38% of the population contain other caste of the population in the study area.

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FIGURE-3.8 LITERACY LEVEL IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.8 shows the literacy level in the study area, out of the total population 59.68% of the population is Literate population whereas 40.32% is Illiterate population. FIGURE-3.9 (A) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

Above figure-3.9 (A) shows the employment pattern in the study area which is 15.83% of the total worker are Marginal Worker while 84.17% are Main Workers. FIGURE-3.9 (B) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

Above figure-3.9 (B) shows the employment pattern in the study area which is 60.94% of the total population are Non Worker while 39.06% are Total Workers out of the total population. FIGURE-3.10 BREAK UP OF MAIN WORKERS (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.10 shows the break-up of main worker, out of total main workers 21.01% & 7.10% of the main worker are Cultivators & Agriculture labours respectively whereas 1.85% are Household Industry workers and 70.04% of the main workers are other type of workers.

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FIGURE-3.11 BREAK UP OF MARGINAL WORKERS (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.11 shows break up of Marginal workers in the study area, as shown in the above earlier figure-3.9 (A) that out of the total workers 15.83% of the workers are marginal worker so out of that 15.83% of the marginal workers break up is given. As the figure-3.11, 27.85%, 29.36% of the total marginal workers are cultivators and agriculture labours respectively and 8.85% of the marginal workers are Household industry workers and remain 33.94% of the marginal workers are doing other type of work. 3.11.2 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO District Kamrup has population density of about 581 persons per sq. km. (2001 Census data). Population density and sex ration of the study area and District Kamrup is given in table-3.16 and graphical representation is given in figure-3.12. TABLE-3.16 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO

NAME POPULATION (PERSONS)

POPULATION DENSITY (PERSON / SQ. KM.)

SEX RATIO (NO. OF FEMALES PER

1000 MALES)

Within 10 Km Radius 93725 298 854

District Kamrup (As per 2001 Census) 2522324 581 901

(Courtesy: Census Dept., GOI) FIGURE-3.12 POPULATION DENSITIES AND SEX RATIO (CENSUS 2001)

�

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The above figure-3.12 shows that Kamrup district’s population density is much more higher than the 10 km radius from the proposed project while sex ratio is 901 of the district and 854 of the 10 km radius area of the proposed project. 3.11.3 LITERACY LEVEL OF THE STUDY AREA The literacy rate is a major factor, which influences the socio-cultural condition of a particular place. Literacy rate data as per 2001 Census, within 10 km radius of project site, district Kamrup is given in table-3.17, while graphical representation is shown in figure-3.13. TABLE-3.17 LITERACY RATE

NAME MALE LITERACY (%)

FEMALE LITERACY (%)

TOTAL LITERACY (%)

Within 10 Km Radius 60.15 39.85 59.68

District Kamrup (As per 2001 Census) 57.84 42.16 63.76

(Courtesy: Census Dept., GOI) �FIGURE-3.13 LITERACY RATE (CENSUS 2001)

�

The above figure shows that total Literacy level of the 10 km radius form the proposed project is less than the level of district Kamrup’s Literacy as the same shows in the Female Literacy level while in the Male Literacy it shows vise a versa. Sample survey was carried out in the villages. The following observations emerge out of the studies:

a. The area is motivated by political atmosphere. b. Labour force availability. c. Besides agriculture animal husbandry, poultry, trading, construction labours are common in this

area. d. The area is not maintained soundly and facilities are insufficient. e. The male female ratio of the Meghalaya is 972 & of the Assam is 935 female per 1000 of male. f. Majority of the workers are addicted to regional liquor, which degenerate their working ability. g. The average family size was five persons per family.

Based on employment pattern data, it can be seen that:

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I. Around 7.10 % of main workers were involved in agricultural labour, where as about 21.1 % are engaged as cultivators.

II. The main workers and marginal workers constitute 84.17 % and 15.83 % of the total workers respectively.

III. The above table shows that the strength of schedule tribe 23.22%% categories are higher than the schedule caste 3.40%

3.11.4 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Due to sufficient rainfall occurrence and solely source of food in the area, the yield of cattle crops was quite sufficient as per the density of cattle population. So the people in the study area resort to rearing of livestock as a source of income. As per the local interview during field, it was observed that the most common animal reared by the people is cow, buffalo, pig, poultry, duck and goat. 3.11.5 AMENITIES Almost every village is well equipped with amenitic facilities. The details of these are summarized below. Education facilities In this study area contains education facilities like Primary Schools, Secondary schools and also college which were within 10 km radius from the proposed project. Medical facilities The study area contains necessary medical facilities like Allopathic hospitals, Allopathic dispensary, maternity and child welfare centre, primary health centre, primary health sub centers, family welfare centers were present. Drinking water There were all drinking facilities were available like tap water, wells water, tank water sources, tube well water sources, hand pump sources and adequate river water, canal, lake and other water sources. Power supply There were adequate power sources for domestic purpose, agriculture purpose, all purpose and other purposes available in the study area. Post and Telephone These villages are having well communication facilities like post offices and telephone facilities. Communication There was also bus facility, railway facility and navigable water ways have been noticed within the study area. Bank/ Credit societies There were commercial banks and credit societies also present. Cultural facilities There were some Cinema/Video-halls, sports clubs and Stadium/Auditorium facilities available. Approach to village There was also having approach- paved road, Mud road, foot path, navigable river, navigable canal and Navigable water-way other than river or canal available. Power supply There are edaquate power sources for domestic purpose, agriculture purpose, other purpose and all purposes. �

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3.11.6 TYPE OF HOUSES Kuccha (mud with straw) and clustered houses are the typical features of the house pattern of this area. A number of concrete houses includes state government buildings, schools and hospitals are seen in Kamrup. 3.11.7 FUEL RESOURCES As the Project area is near to the Kamrup town so, the provision of L.P.G (Liquid Petroleum Gas) or any other modern fuel resources are available. Forest wood and leaves are the other fuel resources of this area. Kerosene is used for lighting purpose only in the area. 3.12 PRESENT LAND USE PATTERN Land use, in general, reflects the human beings activities on land, whereas the word land cover indicates the vegetation, agricultural and artificial manmade structures covering the land surfaces. Identification and periodic surveillance of land uses and vegetation covers, in the vicinity of any developmental activity is one of the most important components for an environmental impact assessment, which would help determine the impact of the project development activity on the land use pattern. 3.12.1 LAND USE PATTERN BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGERY 3.12.1.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION The land use / land cover has been presented in the form of a map prepared by using IRS P6 LISS-IV MX and procured from the National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad. The land use / land cover map is prepared by adopting the interpretation techniques of the image in conjunction with collateral data such as Survey of India topographical maps and census records. Image classification can be done by using visual interpretation techniques and digital classification using any of the image processing software. For the present study, ERDAS IMAGINE 9.1 version software is used for preprocessing, rectification, enhancements and classifying the satellite data for preparation of land use land cover map for assessing and monitoring the temporal changes in land use land cover and land developmental activities. The imagery is interpreted and ground checked for corrections. The final map is prepared after field check. Flow chart showing the methodology adopted is given in the different land use / land cover categories in the study area has been carried out based on the NRSC land use / land cover classification system. 3.12.1.2 AREA UNDER DIFFERENT LANDUSE The land use classification within a distance of 10 km radius from the project location and the areas falling under the respective classifications are given as table-3.18 and its graphical representation is given in figure-3.14. Land use pattern of the study area as per satellite imagery is given as figure-3.15 & Satellite Imagery of the study area is shown as figure-3.16. TABLE-3.18 AREA STATISTICS OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER MAP

SL.NO. CLASS NAME AREA (IN HECTARES)

AREA (IN SQ. KM.)

AREA IN PERCENTAGE

1. Water Body 71.938 0.719 0.229

2. Open/Barren Land 11348.375 113.484 36.147

3. Agriculture Land 118.563 1.186 0.378

4. Fallow Land 2079.938 20.799 6.625

5. Open/Degraded Vegetation 4251.000 42.510 13.540

6. Vegetation Medium Density 5515.875 55.159 17.569

7. Vegetation High Density 5538.063 55.381 17.640

8. River & Canal 129.438 1.294 0.412

9. Settlement & Habitation 2155.063 21.551 6.864

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SL.NO. CLASS NAME AREA (IN HECTARES)

AREA (IN SQ. KM.)

AREA IN PERCENTAGE

10. Mines 18.250 0.183 0.058

11. Industrial Area 168.500 1.685 0.537

Total 31395.000 313.950 100.00

(Courtesy: Environmental Information Center, New Delhi)

FIGURE-3.14 GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER

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FIGURE-3.15 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF 10 KM RADIUS FROM STUDY AREA

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FIGURE-3.16 LAYOUT OF RAW SATELLITE IMAGERY (10 KM RADIUS)

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3.13 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Geographically, district is located at Western side of the state and Agro-climatically falls in Lower Brahmaputra Valley Zone. Kamrup District is situated between 25.46 and 26.49 North Latitude and between 90.48 & 91.50 East Longitude. Total geographical area of the district is 4345sq. km (4,34,500 ha) viz. 5.5 % of the total geographical area of the state and supports a population of 2.5 million. The district is surrounded by Darrang and Morigaon district on the East, Nalbari and Goalpara district on the West, Bhutan on the North and Meghalaya on the South. The mighty Brahmaputra passes through the district. The major rivulet in the north bank starting in the Bhutan is Puthimari drain at the Brahmaputra. The rivulets in the south bank viz., Boko, Kulsi, Singra, Bharalu and Digaru started at Meghalaya and drain water at the Brahmaputra River. It is well connected by airways, railways and roadways to different parts of the country. National highway 37 and 40 passes through the district. There is one wildlife Sanctuary and four reserve forests are present within 10 km radius of the study area. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary located at around 1.24 km in north direction, Mylliem Reserve Forest at around 1.01 km in south direction, Marakdola Reserve Forest at around 1.63 in south-east direction, Khanapara Reserve Forest at around 5.54 km in north-west direction and Garbhanga Reserve Forests at around 7.92 km in west direction with respect to project site 3.13.1 CLIMATE The watershed area is characterized by sub-tropical Zone. the climate is controlled by the monsoonal winds coming from South West and North East with advent of springs the atmosphere, gradually warm-up from March to April, the rainy season started from mid of May and extended up to October and subsequently the winter season set in from the month of November and mercury level drops down till February. The project area is located in the area of topographically consists of rolling hills with moderate, slope on the higher elevation and gentle slopes near the valley bottom. The district Kamrup is well drained by river Digaru. A number of seasonal streams ordinate from the study area and merge with larger streams and rivers as tributaries of the river Brahmaputra, viz. Puthimari, Bornoi, Kulsi, Pagladiya, Kalajal, and Nona. 3.13.2 FLORA 3.13.2.1 NATURAL / FOREST VEGETATION The study area for impact has been considered as 10 km radius from the periphery of the Project area. Syzygium, Cinnamomum, Magnoliaceae and Artocarpus, all typical evergreen genera, commonly contribute, whilst Terminalia spp., Tetrameles etc. were common among the deciduous trees. The species are usually intimately mixes but small consociations of dominants are frequent. The ground flora was dense, but evergreen Rubiaceae and monocotyledonous herbs (Alpinia, etc.) were the abundant where the light is adequate; grass replaces these evergreens under burning. The common species found in the area were of Castonopsis tribuloides, Artocarpus spp., Caryota urens, Macropanax dispermus, Derris robusta, Macaranga denticulata, Schima khasiana & Musa sp. The broad and medium species like Schima khasiana, Gmelina arboroa, Vitex peduncularis, Alstonia scholaries, Dillenia pentagayna, Erythrina suberosa, Bombax ceiba, etc. were found in this area. The mixed forest of broad and medium leave species can be observed in the watershed area. The broad and medium leave species like Schima wallichi, Gmelina arborea, Vitex peduncularies, Erythrina suberosa, etc. were found in this area. The list of flora species generally present within 10 km of the Project area and in core zone are given in Annexure-XI. 3.13.2.2 CROPPING PATTERN OF THE REGION The topography, agro-climatic conditions, prevalence of fertile soil and long tradition of growing plantation and horticulture crops enables commercial cultivation of several crop varieties. The major agricultural crops grown in the district are paddy, potato, mustard, black-gram, white-gram, wheat and other vegetables. Besides these crops, the district produces various types of horticultural fruits like Banana and pineapple which are the major fruit crops grown in the district. In addition, other crops grown are Litchi, Guava, Mango, Oranges and papaya. Though most of these fruits are produced since time immemorial, the productivity levels are very low due to lack of scientific approach in their cultivation.

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3.13.3 FAUNA The 10 km radius study area is home to several species of mammals, reptiles, aves and other lower invertebrates. Birds can be observed throughout the study area but mostly located near forest area and water bodies. Reptiles and amphibians are also observed in the study area. Fresh water fish are found in the river, ponds and streams. Insects and Mollusca can be easily observed during onset of rainy season. A variety of insects can be found in study area. The core zone is very small area and hence there is a negligible chance of small animal’s occurrence within or surrounding area. The faunas which was observed and enquiry from local people of the study area are as follows: a) Core Zone: Fauna in core zone is in the form of mammals, aves and reptiles:

1. Mammals were Funambulus pennant and Rattus rattus. 2. Avifauna was Acridotheres tristis, Corvus splendens Passer domesticus 3. Reptile and Amphibian includes Bufo parietalis, Calotes versicolor. 4. Insects were Holochlora indica and Pseudagrion rubriceps

B) Buffer Zone: Fauna in buffer zone is in the form of mammals, aves and reptiles:

1. Mammals were Funambulus pennant, Bubalus bubalis, Ovis aries, Capra aegagrus hircus, Equus ferus, Sus bucculentus etc.

2. Avifauna was Acridotheres tristis, Aredea ceineria, Columba livia, Corvus splendens, Francolinus pondicerianus, Passer domesticus, Psittacula krameri etc.

3. Reptile and Amphibian includes Bufo parietalis, Bungarus caeruleus, Calotes versicolor, Mobuya carinata, Ophiophagus hannah and Ptyas mucosus.

4. Insects were Acontia marmoralis, Acrida turrita, Ceriagrion coromandelianum, Heterojinus semilaetaneus, Holochlora indica, Ischnura aurora etc.

5. Molusca was Cypraea limacine and Turbo marmoratus. The list of fauna species generally present within 10 km of the project area are given in Annexure-XII along with their reference to Schedule of Wildlife Protection Act 1972 amended in 2006. 3.14 DETAILS OF THE OTHER INDUSTRIES LOCATED IN 10 KM RADIUS There are No. of various industries located in the area. Name and type of the major industry located within 10 km radius are as given in following table-3.19. TABLE-3.19 MAJOR INDUSTRIES IN THE STUDY AREA

SR.NO. NAME OF THE INDUSTRY TYPE OF INDUSTRY 1. Adhunik Meghalaya Steels (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 2. Anirudha Steel (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 3. B. S. Smelters Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 4. Bharm India (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 5. Bimla Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 6. Bishnu Steel Furnitures Metallurgical Industry 7. Brahmaputra Wires Products Metallurgical Industry 8. Byrnihat Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 9. Commercial Iron & Steel (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 10. Gita Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 11. Greystone Ispat Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 12. Greystone Smelters Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 13. Greystone Sponge Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 14. Greystone Strips Ltd. Metallurgical Industry

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SR.NO. NAME OF THE INDUSTRY TYPE OF INDUSTRY 15. H.M. Cements (P) Ltd. Cements Plant 16. Jaintia Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 17. K. D. Cokes Coke Oven Plant 18. Khasi Alloy Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 19. Trishul Industries Metallurgical Industry 20. Maithan Smelters Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 21. Matiz Metals (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 22. Megha Industries & Agro Products Agro-chem. Industry 23. Megha Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 24. Meghalaya Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 25. Meghalaya Carbide & Chemicals Chemical Industry 26. Meghalaya Cast & Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 27. Meghalaya Fussion Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 28. Meghalaya Ispat Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 29. Meghalaya Mineral Product Metallurgical Industry 30. Meghalaya Sova Ispat Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 31. Meghalaya Steel & Tubes Metallurgical Industry 32. Meghalaya Steels Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 33. Mortex Coke Industries Coke Oven Plant 34. Nalari Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 35. Nezones Steel (Meghalaya) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 36. North East Bottling (P) Ltd. Bottling Plant 37. NTL Steels (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 38. Pawan Ispat (Meghalaya) (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 39. Pioneer Carbide (P) Ltd Metallurgical Industry 40. Pride Coke Pvt. Ltd. Coke Oven Plant 41. Purbanchal Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 42. Purbanchal Cement Ltd. Cements Plant 43. R. P. Associates Pvt. Ltd. Coke Oven Plant 44. Radha Coke Coke Oven Plant 45. Ri Bhoi Engineering Co. (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 46. S. M. Coke Coke Oven Plant 47. Satyam Steel (P) Ltd Metallurgical Industry 48. Shivam Ispat & Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 49. Shivani Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 50. Shree Sai Megha Alloy (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 51. Shree Sai Rolling Mills (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 52. Shree Sai Smelters (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 53. Shyam Century Ferro Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 54. Sri Shyam Carbon Co. Coke Oven Plant 55. Surya Alloys Industries (P) Ltd. Railway tracks and wagon components Mfg. Co. 56. Trikuta Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 57. Vikash Steel Industries (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry

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CHAPTER – 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS Various sources of pollution with respect to wastewater, the flue gas / process emission, hazardous waste and noise generation along with their qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as measures taken to control them are discussed herein with details. The network method was adopted to identify potential impact, which involves understanding of cause-condition-effect relationship between an activity and environmental parameters. This method involves the "road map" type of approach to the identification of second and third order effect. The basic idea is to account for the project activity and identify the type of impact that could initially occur followed by the identification of secondary and tertiary impacts. Identified potential impacts for the various components of the environment, i.e. air, noise, water, land and socio-economic, are presented in figure-4.1 to figure-4.6. It should be noted that in these illustrations the lines are to be read as "might have an effect on". FIGURE-4.1 IMPACT NETWORK ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

Project

Construction phase Operation phase

Release of air pollutants Release of heat

Change in air quality

Impact on Visibility

Particulates deposition on water, Land

Climatic change

Aesthetic impact

Impact on Agricultural produce

Impact on flora and fauna

Impact on Human health

Impact on socio-cultural environment

Impact on Economic output

Secondary Impact

Tertiary impact

Primary Impact

Activity

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Addition / Removal of Substance of Heat to /

From the Soil

Impact on Economic Output

Impact on Socio-Cultural Environment

Impact on Live Stock

Change in Ground Water Regime: Soil Moisture / Water

Level / Flow Pattern / Salt Water Instruction

Activity

Primary Impact

Secondary Impact

Tertiary Impact

Construction Phase Operational Phase

Project

Change in Structure of Soil: Ground

Level

Disturbance of Soil

Abstraction of Water

Release of Waste Water on Land

Impact on Flora & Fauna

Impact on Soil Data Impact on Landscape

Impact on Agricultural Production

FIGURE-4.2 IMPACT ON SURFACEWATER ENVIRONMENT

FIGURE-4.3 IMPACT ON GROUND WATER ENVIRONMENT

Environmental Health And Aesthetic Risk

Impact on Amenity/

Recreation

Impact on Aquatic Life

Impact on Runoff/Seepage

Change IN Surface Morphology

Impact on Hydraulics of Water Courses


Impact On Water Quality

Cost of Water Treatment

Activity

Primary Impact

Secondary Impact

Tertiary Impact

Impact on hydraulics of water

courses

Project


Releases of Wastewater


Impact on socio-cultural Environment

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FIGURE-4.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT

FIGURE-4.5 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

Project


Noise

Change in Ambient Noise Level

Impact on Work output and Efficiency

Migration of Birds, Reptiles& Population

Health Risks

Impact on Socio-Cultural Environment


Activity

Primary Impact

Secondary Impact

Tertiary Impact

Operational Phase

Disposal of wastewater & Sludge on land

Toxic substance on Land, particulate

Deposition on land

Impact on Economic output

Project

Impact on socio-cultural environment

Impact on Live Stock

Soil Salinity

Change in Soil Texture & Permeability

Disturbance of land

Impact on landscape

Impact on agricultural produce


Construction Phase

Change in ground water region/salt

Water intrusion

Impact on Flora & Fauna

Activity

Primary

Impact

Secondary

Impact

Tertiary

Impact

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FIGURE-4.6 IMPACT NETWORK ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

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4.2 PREDICTIONS AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS Evaluation is a term used for assessment and prediction by means of numerical expression or value. Assessment is the process of identifying and interpreting the environmental consequences of the significant actions. Prediction is a way of mapping the environmental consequences of the significant actions. Significant Action depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effects on health of biota including flora, fauna and man, socio-economic conditions, landforms and resources, physical and cultural heritage properties and quality of bio-physics surrounds. Prediction requires scientific skill drawn from many disciplines. Prediction of ecological components is often uncertain, because their response to environmental stress cannot be predicted in absolute terms. The assessor (one who does the assessment) and decision maker (one who take the decision after adequate analysis of assessment report) is expected to be aware of the degree of uncertainty. The assessor generally uses the following methods and resources for impact assessment.

♦ Field surveys and monitoring ♦ Guideline and modeling ♦ Literature surveys and interviews ♦ Qualification and experience

An impact can be defined as any change in physical, chemical and biological, cultural and or socioeconomic environment that can be attributed to activities related to alternatives under study for meeting the project needs. Impact methodology provides an organized approach for prediction and assessing these impacts. The categories of environmental effect and associated impacts widely used for impact identification are provided in figure-4.1 to figure-4.6. Impact assessment is based on conceptual notions on how the universe acts that is intuitive and/or explicit assumption concerning the nature of environmental process. In most of cases the predictions consists of indicating merely whether there will be degradation, no change or enhancement of environment quality. In other cases, quantitative ranking scales are used. The selection of indicator is crucial in assessment because impacts are identifies and interpreted based on impact indicator. An impact indicator is a parameter that provides a measure (in at-least some qualitative or numerical sense) of the significance and magnitude of the impact. In India indicator is developed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in the form of primary water quality criteria, biological water quality criteria, and national ambient quality criteria for air and noise. The impact of the proposed project on the environment has been considered based on the information provided by the proponents and data collected at the site. The environmental impacts have been categorized as long or short term and reversible or irreversible. Primary impacts are those, which are attributed directly by the project while secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced. These typically include the associated investment and changed pattern of social and economical activities by the proposed action. The operational phase of the proposed project comprises several of which have been considered to assess the impact on one or another environmental parameters. Scientific techniques and methodologies based on mathematical modeling are available for studying impacts of various project activities on environmental parameters. The nature of the impacts due to said project activities are discussed here in detail. Each parameter identified in proceeding chapters, is singularly considered for the anticipated impact due to various activities listed. The impact is quantified using numerical scores 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in increasing order of activity. In order to assess the impact accurately, each parameter is discussed in detail covering the following:

1) Project activities like to generate impact 2) Quantification and prediction of impact

Minor and temporary impacts are expected due to the construction activities. All the impacts of construction phase will be short term only and it is very limited as minor construction work is anticipated for requirement of project. Operation of the project may potential to affect quality of life, air, noise, water, land and flora, fauna and human by increase in air, noise and water pollution, by increase in hazardous waste generation, by pollution from spillage/surface run-off, by disturbance to flora and fauna, by loss of trees resulting from increased assess, by increase in land values threatening agriculture, etc.

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During the operation phase, the following activities are considered as significant impact. Air emission Noise generation Hazardous waste generation Water use and waste water discharge Employment Generation

The operation of the project will involve discharge of pollutants. There shall be wastewater generation, air emissions, hazardous waste generation and mechanical noise. An assessment of the quantitative changes in the various environmental components is therefore essential for predicting the impact. Operational phase activities will have impacts, either short terms or long term and reversible or irreversible on ambient air and noise, surface and ground water, land, socio-economics and cultural environment. 4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT 4.3.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Generally Construction phase involves Site cleaning, Excavation, Construction, Erection or Installation of equipment & machinery, Transportation, Material Handling. Dust will be the main pollutant affecting the ambient air quality of the surrounding area during the construction phase. During excavation, care shall be taken that the excavator will not release the sand from higher elevation. The Pilling of sand will be done uniformly and proper storage will be maintained to avoid dusting because of wind. Fume generation will be there due to welding and allied activities; this impact will be negligible and restricted to project site. The workers would be trained to use welding shields and use safer practice. Motor vehicle transportation (to, from and around the site) particularly the traffic of tracks at the site, material movement into the site will introduce particulates and other exhaust gases into the local ambient air and there is some likelihood that during the construction period local air quality may be temporarily affected by these emissions. However, these activities will be intermittent and hence, significant adverse impact is low. Providing suitable surface treatment to ease the traffic, flow and regular sprinkling of water will reduce the fugitive dust generation significantly. 4.3.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES The Cement Grinding Unit handles large quantities of solids viz., Clinker, Fly ash/Slag, Gypsum and cement, which are subjected to various dust generating operations like crushing, grinding, transfer, packing, etc. These operations generate large quantities of fugitive dust, which would otherwise disperse into the work zone atmosphere and plant surroundings. To control the dispersion of fugitive dust, crushers and transfer points will be provided with dust extraction system consist of hoods, ducting, bag house ID fans and exhaust ducts. The dust extraction system brings down the particulate matter concentration in the exhaust air to approximately 50 mg/Nm3. The dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere is a function of several meteorological parameters viz. temperature, wind speed and direction, mixing depths, inversion level, etc. A number of models have been developed for the prediction of pollutant concentration at any point from an emitting source. The Industrial Source Complex – Short Term (ISCST3) dispersion model is a steady-state Gaussian plume model. It is most widely accepted for its interpretability. It gives reasonably correct values because this obeys the equation of continuity and it also takes care of diffusion, which is a random process. For the present study, this model is used for the prediction of maximum ground level concentration (GLC). With respect to operation phase impact, Proposed Air emission from M/s. K R Associates includes Particulates Matter only. Adequate measures will be taken to minimize air pollution from process by providing air pollution control equipment. D. G. set will be installed as standby to be used during emergency only. Flue gases are discharged from stacks at adequate height (as per SPCB norms). The site specific and monitored details considered for input data for the software “ISC-AERMOD View” by Lakes Environmental, Canada for prediction of impact on air environment. The air pollution caused by the gaseous emissions from a single or small group of stacks is a local phenomenon. Its impact will occur at a distance ranging from within the immediate vicinity of the stack to several kilometers away from the stack. Maximum ground level concentration will occur within this range. All plumes at more downwind distances from the source by stack emission become diluted by diffusion in the ambient atmosphere, that concentrations of pollutants become negligible.

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4.3.2.1 METEOROLOGICAL INPUTS The site specific and monitored details considered for input data for the software “ISC-AERMOD View” by Lakes Environmental, Canada for prediction of impact on air environment which given in table-3.2. The site-specific hourly meteorological data measured in order to conduct a refined air dispersion modeling using ISCST3 air quality dispersion models. The site specific hourly meteorological data measured at site is pre-processed using the U.S. EPA PCRAMMET and U.S. EPA AERMET programs. 4.3.2.2 MIXING HEIGHT As site specific mixing heights were not available, mixing heights based Atlas of Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India published by Environment Monitoring & Research Centre, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Science, New Delhi. Based on Diurnal Variation of Mixing Height in winter Season the maximum mixing height of Guwahati region is 850 meter, which is considered for air dispersion modeling. 4.3.2.3 MODEL INPUT EMISSION DATA For the modeling purpose air emission can be considered for suspended particulate matter (SPM). Stack emission details are given in following table-4.1. TABLE-4.1 DETAILS OF EMISSION FROM STACKS

SR. NO. OPERATING PARAMETER UNIT

SOURCE OF EMISSION (STACK ATTACHED TO)

Cement Mill Fly Ash Feeder Packing

House

1. Stack height meter 30 30 30

2. Stack diameter at top meter 0.8 0.5 0.5

3. Flue gas exit velocity m/s 15 12 10

4. Flue gas temperature. o K 311 303 303

5. Emission concentration of PM mg/Nm3 50* 50* 50*

6. Emission Rate PM g/s 0.37 0.12 0.10 * Considering SPCB Limit as Emission concentration without any pollution control equipments.) 4.3.2.4 MODEL OPTIONS USED FOR COMPUTATIONS

The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always limited to that of the mixing layer;

Simple terrain Stack tip down-wash is not considered; Buoyancy Induced Dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion during the

ascension phase; Calms processing routine is used by default; It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there is

no pollutant removal by dry deposition; Washout by rain is not considered; Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations

4.3.2.5 MODEL OUTPUT AND MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION The maximum ground level concentration for PM due to the proposed project is given in table-4.2. Equal concentration contour plot for PM due to proposed project are given in figure-4.7. Summary of ISCST3 Model output for PM is given as table-4.3.

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FIGURE-4.7 EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR PM

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TABLE-4.2 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION

CO-ORDINATESMAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION FOR PM

X Y

-1000 -1000 2.37 μg/m3 TABLE-4.3 SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT FOR PM

SR.NO. LOCATIONS

CO-ORDINATES MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION FOR PM (μg/m3) X Y

1. Project Site (A1) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2. Gojigaon (A2) 3030 1952 0.05

3. Sarutari (A3) 1626 -2294 0.13

4. Byrnihat (A4) -1318 -3767 1.17

5. Chhatakling (A5) -2448 -102 1.10

6. Amjok (A6) -1934 -2328 0.98

7. Jorabat (A7) -770 1952 1.65

8. Patarkuchi (A8) 1797 3184 0.42 4.3.2.6 MITIGATION MEASURES

Following mitigation measures will be adopted to control air pollution. • Effective stack height with proper air pollution control equipment shall be provided to all stacks. • Regular maintenance of APCE (Air Pollution Control Equipments) shall be done and recorded. • Green belt shall be developed on 33% are of the total plant area.

4.3.2.7 FUGITIVE EMISSION AND CONTROL MEASURES Emissions from the proposed plant would be significant as there will be air pollution due to activities like material handling, crushing, transfer points of materials, packing of product and movement of vehicles. These operations generate large quantity of dust. Specific instances of fugitive dust generation may include dust blown by wind from the raw-materials stockpile, dust caused by vehicular traffic within the factory, dust leakage from conveyors, conveyor transport points, storage hoppers and packers etc, Good housekeeping, proper maintenance, wetting of dusty areas, use of enclosed storage wherever feasible etc., would considerably reduce fugitive dust. For the purpose of effective prevention and control of fugitive emissions, the M/s. K R Associates shall implement following:

• The storage shall be done under covered shed. • Storage area shall be clearly earmarked. • Enclosure shall be provided for all the unloading operations. • Water shall be sprayed on the material prior and during unloading. • All transfer points shall be fully enclosed. • Airborne dust shall be controlled. • All roads shall be paved on which movement of raw materials or products will take place. • Regular sweeping of roads shall be carried out to minimize emissions. • Preventive measures shall be employed to minimize dust build up on road. • Conveyors shall be provided with conveyor cover.

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• Maintenance of air pollution control equipment shall be done regularly. • All the workers shall be provided with disposable dust mask. • Green belt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emissions. • Regular training shall be given to the personnel operating and maintaining fugitive emissions

control systems. • List of documents and records for fugitive dust control shall be maintained.

Environmental Guidelines for Prevention and control of fugitive emissions from cement plants shall be followed which is given in Annexure-XIII. 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT With respect to water environment three aspects are generally considered in EIA, the raw water availability, consumption and wastewater generation that will be disposed. The first priority in water quality assessment is to maintain and restore the desirable level of water quality in general. 4.4.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES As company will be constructing various facilities so construction phase impacts will be anticipated. During Construction, drainage pattern and water supply system of overland water flow will be somewhat changed for the site preparation activities. Potential impacts may be on surface water quality during this phase could arise from dust emissions (from vehicles and disturbance of soil) such Suspended solids can be controlled by sprinkling of water and by employing enclosures to construction area to allow the particles to settle down, prior to discharge. There would be no significant effect on water quality and quantity during construction phase. 4.4.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Water requirement shall be met from ground water using bore well. The details of water consumption are given in table-2.6 of chapter-2. Proposed project located in safe category areas notified by Central Ground Water Authority. Moreover company will adopt rain water harvesting, which reduce impact on ground water availability. Only waste water i.e. 3.6 KL/day sewage waste water shall be generated, which will be treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. No industrial waste-water will be generated due to proposed plant. Thus, it can be concluded that there will not be any significant adverse impact on the water environment. 4.4.3 GROUND WATER ABSTRACTION AND ITS IMPACT ON WATER SOURCE The region has adequate ground water resource. The company will adopt ground water recharging through rain water harvesting system. 4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 4.5.1 SOURCES OF SOIL POLLUTION Construction activities like excavation, construction material handling & storage, construction waste disposal etc. are main sources of soil pollution. 4.5.2 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES The impact of air, water and solid waste pollution on soil causes direct/indirect effect on soil. As all necessary air pollution control steps will be provided and based on the results of the dispersion model for the ground level concentrations of various pollutants after the commissioning of the proposed project, there will not be any adverse impact of air pollution on soil. It may be noted that there will not be any industrial effluent generation as no water is required in the manufacturing process. Thus, there will not be any impact on soil due to water. All necessary control steps will be provided for handling, storage and disposal of solid waste generated from the plant. Thus, there will not be any significant impact of solid waste on the soil environment.

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4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4.6.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACT During construction, construction equipment, including dozer, scrapers, concrete mixers, generators, vibrators and power tools, and vehicles will be the major noise sources. Construction noise is difficult to predict because the level of activity will constantly change. Most of construction activities are expected to produce noise level within the prescribed limit. The noise generated from various sources will be of short duration. Therefore, no significant impact is envisaged on the construction force. 4.6.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT The impact of noise depends mainly on the characteristic of the noise generating sources, topography and atmospheric conditions. Vehicular movements during operation phase for loading/unloading of raw and finished materials and other transportation activity may increase noise level. The noise generating sources will be enclosed with acoustic proof material to cut down the noise levels. Further, green belt will be developed in & around the proposed plant. So, the significant adverse impact of noise will be minimized. Noise level in and around the plant site were measured. These values represent status of Noise levels, which is given in table-3.10 of chapter-3. 4.6.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Adequate noise control measures such as mufflers, silencers at the air inlet/outlet, anti vibration pad for equipment with high vibration, earmuff and earplugs to the operators etc. are provided. However, the green belt and plantation area will help to reduce noise. The adverse impact on occupationally exposed workers will not be envisaged, as noise protection devices will be provided as suggested in EMP (Environmental Management Plan). 4.7 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD Solid waste generation and its disposal method are given in following table-4.4. TABLE-4.4 SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD

SR. NO.

TYPE OF SOLID



COLLECTION REUSE/ RECYCLE DISPOSAL

1. Used/spent Oil

Prime Movers

10 ltrs per month

HDPE Drums

Reuse in plant for

lubrication

Collection stored in HDPE drums then used for lubrication within plant or sold to authorized re-processors

2. Discarded Bags

Storages 5,000 nos. per day

Bags - Returned to raw materials suppliers or authorized recyclers.

Composition of Used oil:

1. Water – Fuel burns to CO2 and H2O. 2. Fuel – Unburnt petrol / diesel passes through to the lube oil during engine start-ups. 3. Carbon – Forms as a result of incomplete combustion 4. Dust – Small particles pass into the engine through the air breather. 5. Metals – Due to normal engine component wear. 6. Oxidation Products – corrosive acids.

4.8 IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION OF RAW MATERIALS & END PRODUCT The transportation of raw materials and finished cement is likely to create impact on surrounding environment. The following point identifies the possible impacts and the mitigation measures to be adopted.

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4.8.1 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT The movement of heavy vehicles due to transportation of raw material causes re-suspension of

loose dust particles in air. Temporary increase in PM, SO2, and NOx levels due to transportation. Accidental release of fine particles in case of puncture in bags, containers etc.

Mitigation Measures: Sprinkling of water to reduce particulate matter concentration. Vehicle shall be thoroughly covered so as to prevent release of fine particulate in case of accidental

leakage. Vehicle used for transportation shall comply with environmental standards.

4.8.2 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

During accidental leakage due to puncture of carry bags, containers, deposition of material on top soil, land is probable.

Mitigation measure: Vehicles shall be covered to prevent accidental leakage. The area contaminated shall be remediated through scrapping or other remediation measures.

4.8.3 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC DENSITY

The movement of vehicles will increase traffic density of the area. However, the proximity of national highway 40 will alleviate possible congestion problems.

4.8.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Temporary increase in decibel levels during vehicular movement is possible. However, this effect is negligible.

4.9 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD Material shall be transported preliminary by road only and shall be stored in the plant premises. This report is prepared with the consideration of hazards and care shall be taken for all aspects of environmental hazards. The project proponent shall consider all the safety aspects in planning, designing and operation of the plant as per standard practices. Hence, no adverse impact on this account is anticipated. 4.10 HOUSING Any permanent demand on existing housing facilities is considered as permanent impact. No township shall be constructed or proposed. Enough number of dwellings is available in nearby towns and villages for accommodating extra workforce. On neighboring towns or villages, the impact on this account is minimal. 4.11 ECOLOGY The impact due to operation of the project and its activities on the ecological parameters like natural vegetation, cropping pattern, fisheries and aquatic life, forests and species diversity etc. could be summarized as below: 4.11.1 NATURAL VEGETATION The proposed activities shall be within industrial premises. The industry will develop a green belt on the surrounding periphery. Since the effluents and emissions generated from the project activities shall be treated and disposed as per the provisions stated in EMP (Environmental Management Plan), adverse impact over any of the ecological components of the environment is reduced to minimum. 4.11.2 CROPS Necessary environmental protection measures have been planned under EMP (Environmental Management Plan) to protect the crops production of surrounding area. e.g. air pollution control systems shall be

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designed to take care of even emergency releases of the gaseous pollutants and regular environmental surveillance shall be done, so as not to have any short-term or cumulative effect on the crops and the natural vegetation of the area. 4.11.3 FISHERIES AND AQUATIC LIFE Only waste water i.e. sewage waste water 3.6 KL/day will be generated which will be treated in septic tank/soak pit. Thus, it can be concluded that there will not be any significant adverse impact on the water environment. Hence no adverse impact of proposed project is envisaged. 4.11.4 FOREST, NATIONAL PARKS / SANCTUARIES There is one wildlife sanctuary i.e. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary and four reserve forests i.e. Mylliem, Marakdola, Khanapara and Garbhanga are present within 10 km radius of the plant. The wildlife conservation plan shall be prepared as given in environment management plan and financial aids are to be provided to the various activities carried out by forest department to protect the forest. Moreover, company will carry extensive plantation within the project site which will improves biological environment of the area. 4.12 AESTHETIC ENVIRONMENT The proposed activities and plantation will enhance the aesthetic environment of the study area. 4.13 DEMOGRAPHY, ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY AND HUMAN SETTLEMENT M/s. K R Associates will give direct employment to 75 personnel, In addition to direct employment; indirect employment shall generate ancillary business to some extent for the local population. There is a positive effect due to improved communication and health services, which have lead to economic prosperity, better educational opportunities and access to better health and family welfare facilities. There has been a beneficial effect on human settlement due to employment opportunities. There shall be no displacement of any population in plant area. Hence, there is no permanent impact on this account. The increasing industrial activity will boost the commercial and economical status of the locality up to some extent. 4.14 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES As a result of development of industry, the neighbouring areas shall be developed for commercial use. The infrastructure services e.g. roads, state transport, post and telegraph, communication, education and medical facilities, housing, etc. shall be improved in the surrounding areas. 4.15 PLACES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL/RELIGIOUS/TOURIST INTEREST There is no place of archaeological, historical, religious or tourist interest within the study area i.e.10 km radius of plant site. Hence, there shall be no impact on places of interest. 4.16 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS DUE TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT Summary of potential impacts due to the proposed activities, its source and mitigation measures are given as table-4.5 below. TABLE-4.5 POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIVE MEASURES

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS POTENTIAL IMPACTS SOURCES OF

IMPACT MITIGATIVE MEASURES REMARKS

Air Quality Increase in SO2, NOX, & PM concentrations in ambient air

Process emissions, Fugitive emissions, Utility stack emissions

Adequate stack height with APC equipment. Control of fugitive emissions

Regular monitoring of stack will be carried out Minor adverse impacts on ambient air quality

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ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS POTENTIAL IMPACTS SOURCES OF

IMPACT MITIGATIVE MEASURES REMARKS

Water Quality Deterioration of water quality Decrease in ground water table

Construction activity, abstraction of water for construction and sanitation in housing for workers. Ground water abstraction for process

Proper management of surface water run off shall be made Rain water harvesting

No waste water shall be discharge outside the premises. Insignificant adverse impact

Noise Increased noise level Project operation Noise abatement at generation point & green belt before receptor

Marginal impact

Socio-Economic Overall growth & development of area, increased employment, improvement in infrastructure and growth of downstream industries

Project activities - Beneficial change

Terrestrial Ecology

Minor loss of habitat-flora & fauna, Aquatic life

Project activities Green belt, Proper, management of solid waste and liquid effluent

No impact

Infrastructure & Services

Improved communication, transport, housing, educational & medical facilities

Social activities of company

Development has been gradual

Beneficial impact

Environmental Hazards

Risk to environment & neighboring population

Handling and storage of fuels

On site & off site Disaster management plan & Safe practices

Insignificant adverse impact

4.17 MATRIX REPRESENTATION Construction activities will include development of production facilities only and it will be temporary for the small duration of time. The impact identification matrix is carried out for operation phase only. The potential impacts during operation phases are presented in the form of a matrix in table-4.6. The quantification of impact is done using numerical scores 0 to 5 as per the following criteria. Score Severity criteria 0 No impact 1 No damage 2 Slight/ Short-term effect 3 Occasional reversible effect 4 Irreversible/ Long-term effect 5 Permanent damage Environmental Impact matrix due the proposed activities for operation phase is shown as table-4.7. 4.17.1 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART The total negative impact of various activities on any one parameter is represented as a cumulative score and the cumulative scores of various parameters are given in the form of a cumulative impact chart. Any particular parameter having an individual score greater than 4 or cumulative score of 20 implies serious effects due to the project and calls for suitable mitigation measures.

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It is evident from the matrices that the resultant impact is beneficial to the local population and due to export (and import substitution) the resultant impact is beneficial to our country. The total cumulative scores for various parameters and activities are presented in table-4.8. TABLE-4.6 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (OPERATION PHASE)

Activities During Operation Phase

Air Quality

Noise & Odor

Water Quality

Land Requi-rement

Infrast-ructure

Env. Hazards

Terres-trial

Ecology Land-use

Socio- Economic

Status

Aquatic Ecology

Resource Depletion

Water Requirement - - - - - -

Raw material storage/Handling -

Gaseous/ fugitive Emissions - - - - - -

Product Storage/ Handling - - - - - -

Shutdown/ Startup - - - - -

Equipment Failures - - - - -

Plant Operations -

Transportation - - - - -

Medical & Other Needs - - - - - - - -

Resource Consumption - - - -

TABLE-4.7 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX (OPERATION PHASE)

Activities During Operation Phase

Air Quality

Noise & Odor

Water Quality

Land Requi-rement

Infrast-ructure

Env. Hazards

Terres-trial

Ecology Land-use

Socio Economic

Status

Aquatic Ecology

Resource Depletion

Water Requirement 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 1

Raw material Storage/ Handling 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 2

Gaseous/ Fugitive Emissions 2 0 0 0 1 2 0 2 0 0

Product Storage/ Handling 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0

Shutdown/ Startup 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Equipment Failures 2 2 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0

Plant Operations 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 2

Transportation 2 1 0 0 1 2 0 2 0 0

Medical & Other Needs 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

Resource Consumption 0 1 2 2 1 0 1 0 0 3

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TABLE-4.8 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART (OPERATION PHASE)

ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER TOTAL CUMULATIVE SCORE

Air Quality 10

Noise and Odour 9

Water Quality 8

Land Requirement 6

Infrastructure 8

Environmental Hazards 11

Terrestrial Ecology / Land use 3

Socio Economic Status 8

Aquatic Ecology 4

Re-source Depletion 9

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CHAPTER – 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 5.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental monitoring provides feedback about the actual environmental impacts of a project. Monitoring results help judge the success of mitigation measures in protecting the environment. They are also used to ensure compliance with environmental standards, and to facilitate any needed project design or operational changes. An environmental monitoring program is important as it provides useful information and helps to:

Assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures, and

Define the responsibilities of the project proponents, contractors and environmental monitors and provides means of effectively communicating environmental issues among them.

Define monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters. Evaluate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in the Environmental

Management Plan (EMP) and suggest improvements in management plan, if required. Find out pollution level inside the plant and in nearby area. Compile pollution related data for remedial measures. Find out efficiency level of pollution control measures adopted.

5.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE Environmental monitoring programme is a vital process of any management plan of the development project. This helps in assessing the potential problems that result from the proposed project, changes in environmental conditions and effectiveness of implemented mitigation measures. Regular monitoring in a systematic and standardized manner helps in assessment of current environment and provides information on operational performance of installed pollution control facilities. Proposed schedule of environmental monitoring for the proposed project is given in following table-5.1. TABLE-5.1 PROPOSED SCHEDULE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

SR. NO. PARTICULARS MONITORING IMPORTANT PARAMETERS

1. AIR POLLUTION

A Stack Monitoring Once in a month Particulate Matter

B Ambient Air Quality

(i) Within Plant Premises Twice in a Year PM10, PM2.5, SO2 & NOx

(ii) Outside Plant Premises Twice in a Year PM10, PM2.5 SO2 & NOx

C Fugitive Emission inside the Plant Premises Twice in a Year Particulate Matter

2. WATER ENVIRONMENT

(i) Ground Water inside the plant premises Once in a Year As per the parameters specified

(ii) Ground/surface Water out side the plant Once in a Year As per the parameters specified

3. INDUSTRIAL NOISE LEVELS

(i) Noise Monitoring Once in a month Noise Levels in dB(A)

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CHAPTER – 6 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DAMAGE CONTROL 6.1 INTRODUCTION Industries have a wide variety of process involving consumption, production and storage of chemicals. The condition that contributes to the danger, by these chemicals, are when these chemicals are not kept/stable at normal pressure and temperature. Hence these chemicals are kept at/or high pressure and temperatures; the gases are liquefied by refrigeration to facilitate storage in bulk quantities. Under these circumstances, it is essential to achieve and maintain high standards of plant integrity through good design, management and operational controls. Given the large quantities of potentially hazardous materials which are handled daily without incident, it is clear that the controls and safeguards which have been developed by the industry are effective. However, accidents do occur and these can cause serious injury to employees or to the public, and damage to property. Most disastrous events like the Bhopal tragedy have emphasized the need to address both on-site and off-site safety. The public concern at such events invariably leads to call for additional control at national and international levels. It is against this background that the various Section and Rules under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, the Factories Act, 1948 and other Acts specify the requirements for a safe and reliable working of an industry. These require carrying out various studies and analysis to assess and mitigate hazards prevalent in the factory in line with the above goal of safe and reliable working. These are more commonly known as “Risk Assessment Studies”. This chapter explains the basis of Risk Assessment and its objectives. 6.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The main objectives of the Risk Assessment Studies are as given below:

1) To define and assess emergencies, including risk impact assessment. 2) To control and contain incidents. 3) To safeguard employees and people in vicinity. 4) To minimize damage to property and environment. 5) To inform the employees, the general public and the authority about the hazards / risk assessed,

safeguards provided, residual risk if any and the role to be played in them in the event of emergency. 6) To be ready for mutual aid if need is arise to help neighboring unit. Normal jurisdiction of an Onsite

Emergency Plan (OEP) in the own premises only, but looking to the time factor in arriving the external help or off - site emergency plan agency, the jurisdiction must be extended outside the extent possible in case of emergency occurring outside.

7) To inform authorities and mutual aid centers to come for help. 8) To affect rescue and treatment of casualties. To count injured and identify & list any death. 9) To inform and help relatives. 10) To secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas and to restore normalcy. 11) To provide authoritative information to the media. 12) To preserve records, equipments, etc., and to organize investigation into the cause of emergency

and preventive measures to stop its recurrences. 13) To ensure safety of the workers before personnel re-enter and resume work. 14) To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and to provide for emergency

preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan. 6.3 PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY OF RISK ASSESSMENT Major hazard installations have to be operated to a very high degree of safety; this is the duty of the management. In addition, management holds a key role in the organization and implementation of a major hazard control system. In particular, the management has the responsibility to:

i. Provide the information required to identify major hazard installations; ii. Carry out hazard assessment;

iii. Report to the authorities on the results of the hazard assessment; iv. Set up an emergency plan; v. Take measures to improve plant safety.

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In order to fulfill the above responsibility, the Management must be aware of the nature of the hazard, of the events that cause accidents and of the potential consequences of such accidents. This means that in order to control a major hazard successfully, the Management must have answers to the following questions:

a. Do toxic, explosive or flammable substances in our facility constitute a major hazard? b. Which failures or errors can cause abnormal conditions leading to a major accident? c. If a major accident occurs, what are the consequences of a fire, an explosion or a toxic release for the

employees, people living outside the factory, the plant or the Environment? d. What can Management do to prevent these accidents from happening? e. What can be done to mitigate the consequences of an accident?

The most appropriate way of answering these questions is to carry out a hazard or risk assessment study, the purpose of which is to understand why accidents occur and how they can be avoided or at least mitigated. A properly conducted assessment will therefore

i. Analyze the existing safety concept or develop a new one; ii. Identify the remaining hazards; and

iii. Develop optimum measures for technical and organization protection in event of an abnormal plant operation.

6.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS 6.4.1 PROBABLE EMERGENCIES AT PLANT SITE (A) FIRE & EXPLOSION HAZARD:

1. Fuel storage area and generator room

2. Raw material storage area (B) HAZARD DUE TO COLLAPSE OF BUILDING, HEAVY STRUCTURE OF PLANT

MACHINERIES: 1. Structures of sheds

2. Buildings etc. (C) OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARD:

1. Dust exposure due to fugitive emission 4. Illuminations

2. Noise hazard 5. Ergonomics

3. Heat (D) NATURAL HAZARDS DUE TO:

1. Earthquake 4. Cyclone

2. Heavy Rainfall 5. Fire

3. Flood Hazard is the associated term with material, which is a measure or the likely hood of the human working with, or studying the material in question. The entire probable potential hazard is classified under different heads. 6.4.1.1 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS & ITS CONTROL MEASURES Since the Stone Age term ‘fire’ is associated with fear. It is very dangerous if occurs in uncontrolled manner. It should be clearly understood that when a liquid is used having flash point below the normal ambient temperature, any activity involving spark, near raw material storage area and near generator room it could, liberate a sufficient quantity of vapour to give rise to flammable mixtures with air, spark-plug activity done near-by fuel or raw material storage and near generator room.

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6.4.1.2 HAZARD DUE TO COLLAPSE OF BUILDING, HEAVY STRUCTURE OF PLANT MACHINERIES

Building and heavy machinery can collapse if proper maintenance has not done, Bomb threat, any natural hazard like earthquake, flood and lightening can affect the same. Control Measures:

To overcome this hazard, regular maintenance of buildings and heavy machinery shall be done. If Hazards occur due to any reason, following arrangement shall be done.

• Arrange rescue and treatment of causalities • Give immediate warning to the surrounding area for preparedness • Mobilize and afford transport and medical treatment of the injured

6.4.1.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS 6.4.1.3.1 DUST EXPOSURE The major sources of emission for Dust exposure associated with the occupation in Cement grinding unit are:

1. Raw Material Handling: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter.

2. Crusher Section: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter.

3. Feeder Section: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter.

4. Cement Grinding Unit: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter. Potential health effects:

Eye Contact: Airborne dust may cause immediate or delayed irritation or inflammation. Eye contact with large amounts of clinker dust and dry cement powder can cause moderate eye irritation, chemical burns and blindness. Eye contact with large amounts of gypsum can cause moderate eye irritation, redness, and abrasions. Eye exposures require immediate first aid and medical attention to prevent significant damage to the eye. Skin Contact: Dust of clinker, gypsum and cement may cause dry skin, discomfort, irritation, severe burns and dermatitis. Clinker dust and cement dust are capable of causing dermatitis by irritation. Skin affected by dermatitis may include symptoms such as, redness, itching, rash, scaling and cracking. Irritant dermatitis is caused by the physical properties of clinker dust including alkalinity and abrasion. Inhalation (acute): Breathing dust may cause nose, throat or lung irritation, including choking, depending on the degree of exposure. Inhalation of high levels of dust can cause chemical burns to the nose, throat and lungs. Inhalation (chronic): Risk of injury depends on duration and level of exposure. This product contains crystalline silica. Prolonged or repeated inhalation of respirable crystalline silica from this product can cause silicosis, a seriously disabling and fatal lung disease. Some studies show that exposure to respirable crystalline silica (without silicosis) or that the disease silicosis may be associated with the increased incidence of several autoimmune disorders such as scleroderma (thickening of the skin), systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and diseases affecting the kidneys. Silicosis increases the risk of tuberculosis. Ingestion: Internal discomfort or ill effects are possible if large quantities are swallowed. Exposure Limits:

The exposure limits for Portland cement, gypsum, crystalline silica and calcium carbonate are as given in the following table.

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SR.NO. CHEMICALS ACGIH TLV-TWA (mg/m3)

1 Portland Cement Total dust 10 mg/m3

2 Calcium Sulfate dehydrate (gypsum) Total dust 10 mg/m3

3 Crystalline Silica Respirable quartz 0.05 mg/m3

4 Calcium carbonate Total dust 10 mg/m3

First Aid Measures:

Following first aid measures shall be taken. Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, including under lids, to remove all particles. Seek medical attention for abrasions and burns. Skin Contact: Wash with cool water and a pH neutral soap or a milk skin detergent. Seek medical attention for rash, burns, irritation and dermatitis. Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention for discomfort or if coughing or other symptoms. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, have person drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention. Exposure Controls and Personal Protection:

Exposure Controls:

- Control of dust through implementation of good housekeeping and maintenance;

- The bag filters will be installed to control dust emission.

- Use of PPEs (Personal Protective Equipments), as appropriate (e.g. masks and respirators)

- Use of mobile vacuum cleaning systems to prevent dust buildup on paved areas; Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

- Respiratory Protection: When the dust level is beyond exposure limits or when dust causes irritation or discomfort use Respirator.

- Eye Protection: Wear Safety goggles to avoid dust contact with the eyes. Contact lenses should not be worn when handling the materials.

- Skin Protection: Wear impervious abrasion and alkali resistant gloves, boots, long sleeved shirt, long pants or other protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

6.4.1.3.2 NOISE EXPOSURE Sources:

Grinding mills, Compressors, Fans, Blowers, Material handlers, Crushers and D. G. sets Effects:

Hearing impairment, Hypertension, Ischemic heart disease, Annoyance, Sleep disturbance Attenuation And Conservation:

Tools for assessing noise levels, a successful noise control program that focuses on engineering control of noise requires the institution of a hearing conservation plan and the use of proper monitoring equipment, surveys, maps, and modeling.

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A thorough hearing conservation plan should be established where noise exposure exceeds 85-dBA time weighted average for eight hours. A good program consists of the following components:

• Noise measurement and analysis;

• Engineering control of noise sources where feasible;

• Administrative controls and personal protection where noise control is not feasible;

• Audiometric testing;

• Employee training and education;

• Record keeping; and

• Evaluation Control Measures:

• Introducing good acoustic design for the new production line • Adopting proper scheduling of construction activities • Scheduling noisy activities during the daytime periods • Operating well-maintained mechanical equipment on-site • Ensuring that equipment that may be intermittent in use should be shut down between work periods

or should be throttled down to a minimum • Installing rubber coating in dumpers and entry chutes • Using personnel protection gear such as earplugs, muffs, etc. • Developing a greenbelt around the plant periphery • Controlling air-flow generated noise by adopting adequate sizing of inlet/outlet ducts • Installing noise barriers around air blowers, pumps, and generators to reduce noise impacts at

nearby receptors • Devising and implementing a rigorous inspection and maintenance program applicable to

equipment on-site 6.4.1.3.3 HEAT STRESS Aim is to maintain body core temperature within +1°C of normal (37°C). This core body temperature range can be exceeded under certain circumstances with selected populations, environmental and physiologic monitoring, and other controls. Source:

High temperature and humidity; direct sun or heat; limited air movement; physical exertion; poor physical condition; some medicines; inadequate tolerance for hot workplaces; and insufficient water intake can all lead to heat stress. Different kind of heat disorders and health effects are possible and how should they be treated?

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TABLE-6.1 HEAT STRESS, SYMPTOMS & MEDICAL TREATMENT

SR. NO. DEFINITION PRIMARY SIGNS AND

SYMPTOMS MEDICAL TREATMENT

1.

Heat Stroke - Most serious heat related disorder when the body's temperature regulation fails and body temperature rises to critical levels, It’s a medical emergency may result in death

Confusion; irrational behavior; loss of consciousness; convulsions; a lack of sweating (usually); hot, dry skin; and an abnormally high body temperature

Placed worker in a shady, cool area and the remove outer clothing; Provide the worker fluids (preferably water); circulate air to improve evaporative cooling

2.

Heat Exhaustion - Partly due to exhaustion; it is a result of the combination of excessive heat and dehydration

headache, nausea, dizziness, weakness, thirst, and giddiness; Fainting or heat collapse

Remove from the hot environment and give fluid replacement. Encourage getting adequate rest, and when possible, ice packs should be applied.

3.

Heat Cramps - Caused by performing hard physical labor in a hot environment.

electrolyte imbalance caused by sweating and are normally caused by the lack of water replenishment

Workers in hot environments drink water every 15 to 20 minutes and also drink carbohydrate-electrolyte replacement liquids

4.

Heat Rashes - the skin is persistently wetted by un-evaporated sweat

a red cluster of pimples or small blisters mainly in neck and upper chest, in the groin, under the breasts, and in elbow creases

provide a cooler, less humid environment, powder may be used to increase comfort, avoid using ointments or creams

Administrative or work practice controls to offset heat effects:

• Provide accurate verbal and written instructions, annual training programs, and other information about heat stress

• Acclimatize workers by exposing them to work in a hot environment for progressively longer periods.

• Replace fluids by providing cool water or any cool liquid (except alcoholic and caffeinated beverages) to workers and encourage them to drink small amounts frequently, e.g., one cup every 20 minutes. Ample supplies of liquids should be placed close to the work area.

• Reduce the physical demands by reducing physical exertion such as excessive lifting, climbing, or digging with heavy objects. Use relief workers or assign extra workers, and minimize overexertion.

• Provide recovery areas such as air-conditioned enclosures and rooms and provide intermittent rest periods with water breaks.

• Reschedule hot jobs for the cooler part of the day, and routine maintenance and repair work in hot areas should be scheduled for the cooler seasons of the year.

• Monitor workers who are at risk of heat stress, such as those wearing semi-permeable or impermeable clothing when the temperature exceeds 70°F, while working at high energy levels. Personal monitoring can be done by checking the heart rate, recovery heart rate, and oral temperature.

6.4.1.3.4 ILLUMINATION Details of probable illumination and its sources are given as table-6.2 below. TABLE-6.2 PROBABLE ILLUMINATION

SR. NO. LOCATION ILLUMINATION BY ILLUMINATION IN LUX

1. Low roof buildings Fluorescent tube lights 100-150/300 (control rooms)

2. Shops/ High roof building HPSV lamps 100-150

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SR. NO. LOCATION ILLUMINATION BY ILLUMINATION IN LUX

3. High color rendering required(low color distortion) Metal halide lamp fittings --

4. Open yard and area illumination HPSV flood light fittings 15-30

The use of energy saving equipments and power factor lamp fittings shall be preferred. 6.4.1.3.5 ERGONOMICS Ergonomics is the term applied to the field that studies and designs the human-machine interface to prevent illness and injury and to improve work performance. It attempts to ensure that jobs and work tasks are designed to be compatible with the capabilities of the workers. Source:

Some physical agents play an important role in ergonomics such as Force, Acceleration and Thermal factors. Force is an "important causal agent in injuries from lifting. Other Important ergonomic considerations include work duration, repetition, contact stresses, postures, and psychosocial issues. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders:

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are an important occupational health problem that can be managed using an ergonomics health and safety program. The term musculoskeletal disorders refers to chronic muscle, tendon, and nerve disorders caused by repetitive exertions, rapid motions, high forces, contact stresses, extreme postures, vibration, and/or low temperatures. Other commonly used terms for work-related musculoskeletal disorders include Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs), Repetitive Motion Illnesses (RMIs), and Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSIs). Some of these disorders fit established diagnostic criteria such as carpal tunnel syndrome or tendinitis. Other musculoskeletal disorders may be manifested by nonspecific pain. Some transient discomfort is normal consequence of work and is unavoidable, but discomfort that persists from day to day or interferes with activities of work or daily living should not be considered an acceptable outcome of work. Control Strategies:

The incidence and severity of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are best controlled by an integrated ergonomics program. Major program elements include the followings:

• Recognition of the problem, • Evaluation of suspected jobs for possible risk factors. • Identification and evaluation of causative factors, • Involvement of workers as fully informed active participants, and • Appropriate health care for workers who have developed musculoskeletal disorders.

General programmatic controls should be implemented when risk of MSDs is recognized. These include: Education of workers, supervisors, engineers, and managers;

• Education of workers, supervisors, engineers, and managers; • Early reporting of symptoms by workers; and • Ongoing surveillance and evaluation of injury, health and medical data, Job-specific controls are

directed to individual jobs associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). These include engineering controls and administrative controls. Personal protection may he appropriate under some limited circumstances.

Control Measures:

Among engineering controls to eliminate or reduce risk factors from the job, the following may be considered: Using work, methods engineering, e.g., time study, motion analysis, to eliminate unnecessary motions and

exertions. Using mechanical assists to eliminate or reduce exertions required to hold tools and work objects. Selecting for designing tools that reduce force requirements, reduce holding time, and improve postures.

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Providing user-adjustable workstations that reduce reaching and improve postures. Implementing quality control and maintenance programs that reduce unnecessary forces and exertions,

especially associated with non value-added work.

Administrative controls reduce risk through reduction of exposure time and sharing the exposure among a larger group of workers. Examples include:

Implementing work standards that permit workers to pause or stretch as necessary but at least once per hour.

Re-allocating work assignments (e.g., using worker rotation or work enlargement) so that a worker does not spend an entire work shift per forming high-demand tasks.

Due to the complex nature of musculoskeletal disorders, there is no "one size fits all" approach to reducing the incidence and severity of cases. The following principles apply to selecting actions:

Appropriate engineering and administrative controls will vary from industry to industry and company to company.

Informed professional judgment is required to select the appropriate control measures. Work-related MSDs typically require periods of weeks to months for recovery. Control measures should

be evaluated accordingly to determine their effectiveness. 6.4.1.4 NATURAL HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES 6.4.1.4.1 EARTHQUAKE HAZARD Earthquakes are caused by natural tectonic interactions. Earthquakes strike suddenly without warning, and thus unpredictable. Therefore preventive measures for ensuring safety of buildings, structures, communication facilities, water supply lines, electricity and life are of utmost priority. 6.4.1.4.2 HEAVY RAIN FALL Heavy rain would mean three days or more of uninterrupted rainfall, the total amounting to at least 3 times that month’s average rainfall in the block area. In absence of supporting materials, rain amount from 64.5 mm to 124.4 mm per day continuously for three days or more and or 124.5mm and above for more than one day, may be treated as heavy rainfall. Preventive measures to cope with heavy rainfall would be followed like preventive structure of buildings with proper slope, development of proper water supply and drainage system, etc. will be developed. 6.4.1.4.3 FLOOD HAZARD The rivers along with their branches and tributaries can hardly hold the large volume of water, which passes through them during the rainy season (15th June to 15th October), which causes heavy and widespread inundation named as flood. River Umtru is one of the tributary of river Brahmaputr, which is passes through study area. The flood hazard zonation mapping is done for the study area and the same is presented as Annexure-X. According to flood hazard zonation map, there is no major influence of flood at project site, so there will not be any damage predicted due to flood. 6.4.1.4.4 FIRE Fire accidents present a serious problem to the houses. This is mostly due to the peculiar housing pattern adopted in the villages. These houses have generally walls with thatched roofs made out of timber, bamboo and straw. They spring up in clusters. Any occurrence of fire destroys houses and properties thereby causing serious damage to the affected people. Adequate fire fighting equipments will be provided to overcome the fire accident which protects the workers, raw-materials, finished goods and plant premises. 6.4.1.4.5 CYCLONE Cyclones ordinarily bring in their trail heavy rains causing severe floods and saline inundation. It is already discussed in previous sections.

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6.4.1.4.6 DISASTER SPECIFIC PRONENESS TO VARIOUS TYPES OF HAZARDS The following table-6.3 depicts about the various type of natural hazard that are prone in District Kamrup, its period of occurrence, potential impacts and the vulnerable areas of the District Kamrup. TABLE-6.3 PROBABLE NATURAL HAZARD IN DISTRICT KAMRUP

TYPE OF HAZARDS TIME OF OCCURRENCE POTENTIAL IMPACT

Earth Quake Anytime Loss of Life, Livestock and Infrastructure damage

Flood May to August Loss of life, livestock, crop and infrastructure damage

Cyclone March to May Loss of life, crop, infrastructure and animals

Fire March to May Human Loss and house damage 6.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 6.5.1 INTRODUCTION An emergency is said to have arisen when operators in the plant are not able to cope up with a potential hazardous situation i.e. loss of control of an incident causes the plant to go beyond its normal operating conditions, thus creating danger. When such an emergency evolves, chain of events affect the normal working within the factory area and/or which may cause injuries, loss of life, substantial damage to property and environment both inside and outside the factory and a disaster is said to have occurred. The various steps involved in the process of disaster management can be summarized as:

1. Minimize risk occurrence (Prevention) 2. Rapid control (Emergency Response) 3. Effectively Rehabilitate Damaged Areas (Restoration)

Disaster management plan is evolved by careful scrutiny and interlinking of: (a) Types and causes of disaster. (b) Technical know-how (c) Resource availability

6.5.2 OBJECTIVES OF PLAN This plan is developed to make best possible use of resources to:

- Rescue the victims and treat them suitably. - Safeguard others (evacuating them to safer places). - Contain the incident and control it with minimum damage. - Identify the persons affected. - Preserve relevant records and equipment needed as evidence incase on an inquiry. - Rehabilitate the affected areas.

6.5.3 SCOPE OF PLAN The plan will set into action immediately after a fire occurs inside the plant. However, fire hazard will be restricted to fuel storage area only and hence no major disaster is envisaged. 6.5.4 BASIS OF PLAN Company will prepare an onsite emergency plan. The basic guidelines of the plan are as given below:

1. Informative brochure on emergency will be distributed to each staff member of the plant and telephone numbers of key personnel to be contacted during an emergency will be placed at all the operator placement point in the plant.

2. Company will have a direct tele-link service line with the central control room as well as nearest fire station in case of severe emergency.

3. Workers would be trained regularly on fire hazard drill, which will be organized once in a month by the safety and fire department.

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4. Various locations would be covered with fire hydrant system that would be tested and put into operation in such a manner that it remains operational during emergency.

5. 24 hours vehicle for service and in- plant first aid emergency kit would provide. 6.5.5 POST DISASTER ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION When an emergency is over, it is desirable to carry out a detailed analysis of the causes of the accident to evaluate the influence of various factors involved and to propose methods to eliminate or minimize them in future. Simultaneously, the adequacy of the disaster preparedness plan will be evaluated and any short comings will be rectified. 6.5.6 THE AVAILABILITY, ORGANIZATION, AND UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES FOR

EMERGENCIES In order to maintain emergency response capability, certain facilities must be kept in a state of readiness, and sufficient supplies and equipment must be available. Typical examples are:

Emergency operation center

Communication equipment

Alarm systems

Personal Protection Equipment (PPEs)

Fire fighting facilities, equipment and supplies

Spill and vapor release control equipment and supplies

Medical facilities, equipment and supplies

Monitoring systems

Transportation systems

Security and access control equipment It is the responsibility of the plant management to ensure that the appropriate equipment and materials are available to respond to their very hazard-specific emergencies at the facility.

One of the most important objectives of emergency planning is to create a response organization structure capable of being deployed in the shortest possible time during an emergency. Command and control of an emergency condition encompasses the key management functions necessary to ensure safeguard of the health and safety of employees, as well as the public living in the vicinity. These primary functions are as follow:

Detection of the emergency condition

Assessment of the condition

Classification of the emergency

Mitigation of the emergency conditions

Notification to management personnel

Notification to local, state and government agencies

Activation and response of the necessary on-site and off-site support personnel

Continuous assessment and reclassification, as necessary

Initiation of protective actions

Aid to affected personnel

Recovery and re-entry

The key personnel shall be nominated with special responsibilities according to the laid down procedures and to make the best use of available resources, the key personnel are as under:

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Alarm raiser

Incident controller

Site main controller

Essential workers

Other key personnel

The responsibilities of the above key personnel are as described below: 6.5.6.1 ALARM RAISER Any person who notices any abnormal incident of hazardous nature will raise an alarm to make people aware of the scenario. His responsibilities are:

1. As soon as he notices any incident, he will first inform to his superior and co-worker.

2. If the hazard is minor, he will try to prevent by using internal resources.

3. If the incident of hazard is major, raise the siren or press the emergency siren button provided at various places in the buildings.

6.5.6.2 INCIDENT CONTROLLER (IC) His responsibility includes the followings:

1. As soon as the sound of siren or bell is heard, he will arrive at the site of incident.

2. Take the charge of the scene of the incident.

3. To assess the scale of emergency. If the emergency is minor, he will start to activate on-site plan.

4. As per the incident, direct the essential workers to prevent it by using extinguishers in case of fire; by covering the liquid spillage by sand or suitable materials in case of liquid.

5. Direct the shut down of the plant or part of the plant and evacuate the plant personnel to assembly point.

6. Direct all operations within the affected areas with the following priorities.

(a) Secure the safety of personnel.

(b) Minimize loss of material.

(c) Minimize damage to plant, property and environment.

7. To search for casualties.

8. To brief site main controller and keep informed of development of situation.

9. To preserve evidence that will be necessary for subsequent inquiry into the cause of emergency and concluding preventive measures.

6.5.6.3 SITE MAIN CONTROLLER (SMC) He is the head authority of the organization. He will have over all responsibility for directing operating and calling for outside help from emergency control centre.

The site main controller shall wear white helmet for his easy identification .the responsibilities and duties of the site main controller include:

1. Relieve the incident controller of his responsibilities of over all charge of main control.

2. On consultation with incident controller and other key personnel, decide about the type of emergency.

3. To ensure that key personnel are caller in.

4. To continuously review and assess possible developments to determine the most probable cause of events.

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5. To direct the safe closure of the plant and evacuate the plant incident controller and other key person.

6.5.6.4 ESSENTIAL WORKERS (EW) As soon as the essential workers hear the emergency siren or any emergency brought to the knowledge, they will first report to the incident controller. The team of essential workers trained in fire fighting and first-aid will be made available in the factory round the clock in all shifts.

Their responsibility includes followings:

1. To fight fire till a fire brigade takes the charge.

2. To help the fire brigade and mutual aid teams.

3. To do emergency engineering work like isolation of equipment, materials, process, providing temporary by-pass line for safe transfer of materials, urgent repairs and replacement, electrical work etc.

4. To provide emergency services like power, water, lighting, instrument, equipment etc.

5. To move equipment, special vehicles and transport to or from the scene of incident.

6. To provide first aid and medical help.

7. To carry out atmospheric tests and pollution control. 6.5.6.5 OTHER KEY PERSONNEL Other key personnel are required to provide advice and to implement the decisions taken by the site main controller in the light of information received on the situation from the site emergency. The responsibilities and duties of key personnel include the followings: (1) SAFETY: The safety officer /supervisor will carry out the following:

a) To provide necessary equipment like Fire Fighting Equipment (FFE) and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

b) To accompany factory inspector during investigation of the emergency.

c) To train workers /supervisors in safety and safe operating procedures.

d) To assist the site main controller, incident controller in preparing a brief report of the incidents. (2) ASSEMBLY POINTS: The assembly points for gathering non –essential workers / persons will be fixed and will be clearly marked as per the wind direction. (3) FIRE CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS: Fire fighting trained personnel will be made available in all the shifts. The responsibilities and duties include the followings:

a) To fight the fire with available internal Fire Fighting Equipment.

b) To provide personal protective Equipment to the team.

c) To cordon the area and inform incident controller or site main controller about the development of emergency.

d) To trained personnel (essential workers) to use Personal Protective Equipment and Fire Fighting Equipment.

(4) MEDICAL ARRANGEMENT: The responsibilities and duties include:

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a) To provide first aid to the affected persons, and if necessary, send them to hospitals for further treatment.

b) To keep updated medical records of employees.

c) To keep a list of blood groupings ready and updated. (5) TRANSPORTATION AND EVACUATION ARRANGEMENT: For transportation of people, company’s vehicles, cars, rickshaws etc. will be utilized. The hazard in the proposed cement plant is mainly associated with cement production phases and results in the form of dust, noise and fire.

The main hazards during the transportation and storing of material are:

The airborne dust created during the storage of material.

The conveyor belts during their normal operation as well as during their maintenance

In order to reduce the risk from airborne dust:

To use dust suction systems

To implement the necessary procedures for the routine cleaning of the settled dust

In material transport systems there are moving parts that are a constant source of hazard for any persons working near these conveyors during normal operation or during the maintenance activities. For the safe operation of material transportation system all the necessary guards are applied to isolate the moving parts. Additionally where personnel are working at a short distance from the guards, emergency stops are provided within short distance of these operators.

During the normal operation of the transportation systems:

The removal of guards by unauthorized personnel must be prevented.

Any maintenance work during the operation of the transportation system must be avoided.

Removing material during the operation of the conveyors must be avoided.

The cleaning of overflows during operation must be avoided unless the cleaning is done by the conveyor operatives.

The use of unauthorized passageways either over or under the transportation system must be avoided because there is the risk of personnel getting trapped by the conveyor or overflowing material can fall from height.

The overhead bridges must be clean in order to minimize the possibility of the tripping and falling of the personnel performing the checks on the conveyor belts.

Any intervention on the conveyor belt overload systems must be done by authorized personnel.

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CHAPTER – 7 PROJECT BENEFITS 7.1 INTRODUCTION India is the world’s second largest producer of cement after China with industry capacity of over 200 million tonnes (MT). With the boost given by the government to various infrastructure projects, road network and housing facilities, growth in the cement consumption is anticipated in the coming years. 7.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE As proposed project is a new cement grinding unit, all the major physical infrastructure development shall take place, which will improve the existing infrastructure scenario. 7.3 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES For the proposed project activities skilled and unskilled manpower will be needed. This will temporarily increase the employment opportunity. Secondary jobs are also bound to be generated to provide day-to-day needs and services to the work force. This will also temporarily increase the demand for essential daily utilities in the local market. The manpower requirement for the proposed project will generate some permanent jobs and secondary jobs for the operation and maintenance of plant. This will increase direct/indirect employment opportunities and ancillary business development to some extent for the local population. This phase is expected to create beneficial impact on the local socio-economic environment. The project will benefit the people living in the neighboring villages by giving preference to them in relation to direct employment associated with the various project activities. Construction and operation phase of the proposed project will involve a certain number of laborers. There is a possibility that local people will be engaged for this purpose. The operation phase will involve a number of skilled and unskilled workers. There is a possibility that local people will be engaged for this purpose to the extent possible and hence improve the existing employment scenario of the region. 7.4 INDUSTRIES The required raw materials and skilled and unskilled laborers will be utilized maximum from the local area. The increasing industrial activity will boost the commercial and economical status of the locality, to some extent. In brief it can be concluded that due to the proposed activities there will be no adverse impact on sanitation, communication and community health, as sufficient measures have been proposed to be taken under the EMP (Environmental Management Plan). The proposed project is not expected to make any significant change in the existing status of the socio-economic environment of this region. 7.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES An obligation, beyond that required by the law and economics, for a firm to pursue long term goals that are good for society The continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as that of the local community and society at large. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): The Company shall have its objectives that, the promotion and growth of the national economy through increased productivity, effective utilization of material and manpower resources and continued application of modern scientific and managerial techniques, in keeping with the national aspiration; and the Company shall continue to be mindful of its social and moral responsibilities to consumers, employees, shareholders, society and the local community.

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The company shall earmarks funds of Rs. 200 Lakhs (i.e. approx 5 % of total project cost) for social development and welfare measures like education, health facility, infrastructure facilities, etc. in the surrounding villages. This fund shall be utilized over a period of 5 years. After words Rs. 4.0 Lakhs shall be utilized per annum as Recurring expenditure for CSR activities. Following activities shall be under taken a part of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility).

Primary health for the surrounding villages.

Regular medical camps, Women & Child Development program would be held.

Hand pumps and drinking water supply in village.

Prepare & improvement of road, existing schools, health centers, community centers etc. in nearby villages.

Developments of parks, plantation of trees in the nearby area and arrange environmental awareness programs

To sponsor and support sports at regional and local level.

Training to unemployed educated local youth for personality development.

Providing the training to local farming community in good agriculture practices.

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CHAPTER – 8 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.1 INTRODUCTION Industrial development is associated with a few positive and negative impacts on the environment. The negative impacts should not hinder industrial development but they should be properly mitigated. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been prepared for the proposed plant, M/s. K R Associates to minimize negative impacts and is formed on the basis of prevailing environmental conditions and likely impacts of this project on various environmental parameters. This plan will also facilitate monitoring of environmental parameters. This EMP includes schemes for proper scientific treatment and disposal mechanism for air, liquid and solid hazardous pollutants. Apart from this, green belt development, safety aspect of the workers, noise control, fire protection etc. are also included in it. 8.2 PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Various purposes of the environmental management plan are listed below:

To treat and dispose off all the pollutants viz. liquid, gaseous and solid waste so as to meet statutory requirements (Relevant Pollution Control Acts) with appropriate technology.

To support and implement work to achieve environmental standards and to improve the methods of environmental management.

To promote green-belt development.

To encourage good working conditions for employees.

To reduce fire and accident hazards.

Budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management system.

To adopt cleaner production technology and waste minimization program. 8.3 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.3.1 DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 8.3.1.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT Construction phase will be for a short period and hence the impacts will also be for a short and temporary period. During construction activities, mainly emission of dust and gases from movement of vehicles and construction activity is expected. However, following measures will be taken to reduce/contain such emissions:

Preparation of paved internal movement roads will be taken up at the initial stage of civil construction work.

Water will be sprinkled on loose top soil to prevent re-suspension of dust into ambient air due to movement of vehicles etc.

Separate civil construction material storage yard will be created within the site and it will be enclosed.

Possibility of raising green belt along with construction activity will also be explored.

Transport vehicles and construction equipments / machineries will be properly maintained to reduce air emissions.

Vehicles and equipments will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated norms.

Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations.

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Exhaust vent of D.G. set will be kept at proper height to ensure quick dispersal of gaseous emissions.

All construction workers will be provided appropriate PPEs like dust mask, ear plug, helmet, safety belt etc. and made to wear them during working hours.

8.3.1.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT Water required for construction of proposed project will be met from ground water using bore well. As, location of the project site falls in safe category based on Ground Water Resource Estimation (GWRE) 2009, Permission to draw ground water is not required as per the Guidelines/Criteria for evaluation of proposals/ requests for ground water abstraction (with effect from 15/11/2012) of Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA). The quantity of water will be small. Hence, no major impact on existing water resources of the study area is envisaged. Further, there will be no housing facilities at site for construction workers and hence a major source of impact on water environment will be avoided. Proper and sufficient sanitary facilities will be provided to construction workers to maintain all hygienic conditions at site. Storm water drain compatible with the local hydrological pattern of the area, will be provided to carry-off, any run-off or storm water from the premises. Care should be taken during construction work & will nor create any obstruction/dips in the topography which can lead to accumulation of water within premises leading to undesirable consequences like health and hygiene problems etc. 8.3.1.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Following measures are proposed during construction period to mitigate adverse impacts:

Construction machinery and vehicles will undergo periodic maintenance to keep them in good working condition.

All machineries to be used for construction purpose will be of highest standard of reputed make and compliance of noise pollution control norms by these equipments will be emphasized by company.

Acoustic laggings and silencers will be used in equipments wherever possible.

Feasibility of putting up acoustic enclosure / temporary barrier around areas with high noise levels will also be explored.

All construction workers working in high noise areas will be provided appropriate PPEs like ear muffs and made to wear them during working hours.

Possibility of raising green belt along with construction activity will also be explored so as to serve as a noise barrier.

8.3.1.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT Following steps are proposed to take care of impact of construction activity on project land area:

On completion of civil works, all debris etc. will be completely removed from site to avoid any incompatibility with future use.

Other materials like paints; diesel etc. will be properly stored and handled to prevent any spillage on land.

All the wastes will be stored at a designated site within the premises to prevent scattered discharge on land.

8.3.1.5 SOLID WASTE Main solid waste generation during construction phase will be construction debris like rubble, brick bats, debris, steel scrap, wooden scrap, sand, gravel etc. However, these materials are inert in nature and will not result into leaching of any substance or constituent. These materials will be properly sorted and will be used within premises for filling of low lying areas. Wooden scrap, steel scrap will be given to scrap dealers. On completion of civil work, all debris etc. will be completely removed from site to avoid any incompatibility with future use.

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8.3.1.6 ECOLOGY Project site is almost on flat land with few shrubs and herbs. Thus, no major tree cutting exercise will be there and no major impact on ecology is anticipated. However, possibility of rising of greenbelt along with construction activity will be explored so that greening of area can be started at the beginning of project. 8.3.1.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC As there will be no temporary housing colony for construction workers, neither socio-economic impact due to the same is envisaged. Overall socio-economic effect of construction phase will be positive due to direct and indirect employment opportunity for the local livings. 8.3.2 DURING OPERATION PHASE Operation phase of any industry is being longer in duration and because of its potential to create continuous impacts. It is quite important from the impact point of view, comprehensive and effective EMP has to be prepared and implemented to safe-guard environmental concerns during operation phase of any unit. 8.3.2.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT The air pollutants in the plant may be classified broadly into particulate matter like dust, fumes etc. and gases like Sulphur dioxide, carbon mono oxide, nitrogen oxide etc. The measure to control the air pollution will ensure the ambient air quality standards as laid down by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for industrial areas. The system proposed for air pollution control will provide acceptable environment condition in the working areas and abate air pollution in the surrounding area of the plant. The technological equipment and processes have been selected with the above objectives. Depending on quality of emission from different sources, suitable air pollution control system will be provided. The Stack height will be as per CPCB norms to ensure ground level concentration of different pollutants within permissible limit. Dust collection equipments will be adopted to remove particulate matter from gas streams. The pollutant itself will be collected through suction hoods, ducts etc. Following measures are proposed to mitigate negative impact of operation phase of the project on the surrounding air environment:

All transfer points will have bag filter attached to them to control and capture dust emission.

Height of all the stacks will be as per statutory requirement.

All the stacks will have Stack Monitoring Facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access ladder.

Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure trouble-free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms.

A comprehensive plan for fugitive emission control based on CPCB guidelines will be prepared and followed.

Transport vehicles will be properly maintained to reduce air emissions.

Vehicles will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated norms.

Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations. 8.3.2.1.1 ACTION PLAN TO CONTROL FUGITIVE EMISSIONS AS PER CPCB GUIDELINES (A) Unloading section:

• Enclosure (of flexible material) will be provided towards unloading side up to suitable height.

• Bag filter will be provided to effectively capture dust emission.

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( B ) Material Handling Section And Transfer Points

• All transfer point locations will be fully enclosed but will have access doors. Doors will be kept closed during operation.

• All transfer points will have bag filters.

( C ) Storage of Clinker, Cement, Gypsum and Fly ash

• Clinker will be stored in covered clinker storage yard having green belt.

• Storage area shall be clearly earmarked.

• Gypsum, fly ash, etc. storage will be done under covered shed and side walls will be provided on minimum two sides up to roof level.

• Cement will be stored in silo equipped with bag filters.

( D ) Cement Packing Section

• Packing machines will be provided dust extraction system in the form of bag filters.

• Adequate ventilation will be provided in packing hall to provide dust free work environment.

• Spilled cement from the packing machine will be collected properly and sent for recycling. Arrangement for vacuum sweeping will also be provided.

( E ) Roads

• All internal roads will be of concrete and will be well maintained. Repairing work required, if any, will be carried out immediately.

• Water sprinkling will be done regularly along the road to control fugitive emission.

• Speed limit inside the plant premises will be fixed to prevent dust emissions.

Other Measures:

• Company will also designate Environment Manager, who will look after fugitive dust emission control including emergency situations. He will be adequately trained to handle the responsibility of control of fugitive emissions.

• All personnel working on fugitive emission control systems will be given regular training on operation and maintenance of the system.

• A proper record and documentation of fugitive dust control system will be kept.

• All other guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) too will be complied. Moreover, the fugitive emission will be monitored regularly as per environment monitoring program. 8.3.2.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT Total water requirement during operation phase is estimated at 7 KL per day, which will be met from ground water using bore well. Water drawl permission from CGWA (Central Ground Water Authority) will be obtained. No industrial waste water will be generated; only domestic waste water i.e. 3.6 KL per day will be generated and treated through septic tank/soak pit/well. So, there will not be any impact on water environment due to the proposed project. To compensate and mitigate impact on ground water availability in the area due to continuous withdrawal of ground water by the project to the tune, a comprehensive rain water recharge scheme has been developed and its details are given in following section.

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8.3.2.2.1 ACTION PLAN FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING Rain Water Harvesting is a way to capture the rain water when it rains, store that water above ground or charge the underground and use it later. Rainwater Harvesting System: Rooftop rainwater harvesting: Rooftop rainwater from the admin area, store area and plant area is flown down to the ground and then taken to storm water drains. The storm water drains are intercepted at strategic locations and rainwater is diverted into recharge wells. The recharge wells are provided with recharge bores to facilitate the recharge. Layers of filtering material like boulders, pebbles and coarse sand inside the recharge well ensure efficient filtration. In addition to ground water recharge company will store rain water for its use. 8.3.2.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Following precautionary measures will be adopted to control the noise level:

Roof of buildings will be constructed of reinforced concrete or of lightweight concrete

Walls and ceilings of building will be lined with sound absorbing materials, wherever required

Sheet metal casting and housing will be insulated with sound absorbing materials

Noise generating sources and their platforms will be maintained properly to minimize noise vibrations generated by them.

Personnel working near the noisy machines in different plant locations, will be provided with well designed ear muffs/plugs (effective noise reduction upto10-15 dBA)

Cement mill premises will have proper ventilation.

Green belt will be developed to act as a noise barrier.

Noise barriers in the form of walls, beams will be provided around the units wherever found feasible.

Training to personnel will be imparted to generate awareness about effects of noise and importance of using PPEs (Personal Protective Equipment).

8.3.2.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT All the solid wastes will be stored separately in a “Solid Waste Storage Area” within the factory premises. It will have non-percolating Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) floor and covered roof. The storage area will have proper illumination and ventilation and equipped with fire extinguisher device wherever required. A sign-board will be put out-side the storage area marked “Solid Waste Storage Area” and “Danger”. Non-hazardous dried bio-sludge from septic tank will be rich in nutrients and hence will be used as fertilizer and nutrient within premises for gardening. Hazardous waste i.e. used lubricating oil will be given to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) registered recycler/re-processor of oil. 8.3.2.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 8.3.2.5.1 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION PLAN The available data shows presence of some schedule II and I species (details of which are given in Annexure-XI & Annexure-XII). Even though these species are also appears in the buffer region of the project. This is because of presence of Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary located at around 1.24 km in north direction, Mylliem Reserve Forest at around 1.01 km in south direction, Marakdola Reserve Forest at around 1.63 in south-east direction, Khanapara Reserve Forest at around 5.54 km in north-west direction and Garbhanga Reserve Forests at around 7.92 km in west direction with respect to project site. All are present within the 10 km radius of the study area. Following is the proposed conserve plan to conserve wild fauna/flora.

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[

1. Participation in comprehensive awareness programme to augment the understanding of the importance of wildlife and forests in the local region and also within the staff of the company. The program will be conducted in consultation with an environment expert and State Forest Department and including / involving local educated scholars, representatives of the forest department, project authorities and local representatives.

2. The environment education programme is carried out by using tools such as posters, seminars, distribution of nature and wildlife conservation related books and CDs.

3. In consultation and collaboration with the forest department, periodical survey will be carried out to understand more about conservation issues related to species seen in the Buffer region. On the basis of such a study, precise steps will be taken to improve the population of these species in buffer. Some of the recommendations are:

3.1 Aid to restore and remediate degraded, disturbed, polluted water bodies, ponds, wetlands and grasslands which are potential and nesting sites of the birds.

3.2 Aid to improve natural ecology and biodiversity by promoting afforestation and reforestation programs in open – semi open patches in the buffer region involving Involve local representatives and students. Forestation of degraded landscapes recreated the habitat much needed for bird species.

4. All forms of poaching of birds will be banned in the buffer and forest department will be empowered by the project proponent to carry out appropriate vigilance.

4.1 To improve vigilance and to strengthen the working capacity the officers of the State Forest Department, necessary equipments (such as camera, wireless, binoculars and other minor equipments such as altimeter, spot scope, search lights, sleeping bags, health kits, etc.) will be provided which would increase their capability and efficiency.

4.2 Aid in procurement / provision of field vehicles and motorbikes. 4.3 Aid in construction of bridges, inspection paths for more effective and meaningful patrolling of the

staff should be undertaken. 8.3.2.5.2 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the source of pollution and the surrounding areas. The green belt helps to capture the fugitive emission and to attenuate the noise generated apart from improving the aesthetics. Development of green belt and other forms of greenery shall also prevent soil erosion and washing away of topsoil besides helping in stabilizing the functional ecosystem and further to make the climate more conducive and to restore water balance. About 4,415 Sq. m. area i.e. 33 % of total plant area shall be developed as green belt at plant boundary, road side, around offices & buildings and Stretch of open land. In Green belt area about 1000 tree per acre of land shall be planted. The selection of tree species suitable for plantation at the industry shall be governed by guiding factors as stated below:

The trees should be tolerant to air pollutants present in the area

The trees should be able to grow and thrive on soil of the area, be evergreen, inhabitant, having minimum of leaf fall.

The trees should be tall in peripheral curtain plantation and with large and spreading canopy in primary and secondary attenuation zone.

The trees should posses’ extensive foliar area to provide maximum impinging surface for continued efficient adsorption and absorption of pollutants.

The trees should be fast growing and indigenous and should maintain ecological, land and hydrological balance of the region.

It is also recommended to plant few trees, which are sensitive to air pollution, as air pollution indicator.

It is also recommended to carry out extensive plantation within premises.

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Keeping in view the climatic conditions, status of soils and vegetation types in and around the project area the species shall be selected for proposed green belt development.

TABLE-8.1 FOUR YEAR BUDGETARY PROVISIONS FOR GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT

SR. NO. YEAR NO. OF PLANTS BUDGET (RS. IN LAKHS)

1. 1st Year 400 2,00,000

2. 2nd Year 300 1,50,000

3. 3rd Year 200 1,00,000

4. 4th Year 100 50,000

TOTAL 1000 5,00,000

8.3.2.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM

All precautions would be taken to avoid foreseeable accident like spillage, fire hazards and to minimize the effect of any such accident and to combat the emergency at site level in case of emergency. Some of the preventive safety measures to minimize the risk of accident with respect to Technical Safety, Organizational Safety and Personal Safety are listed below:

Regular inspection and maintenance of pollution control systems.

All measures related to safety such as safety appliances, training, safety awards, posters, slogans will be undertaken.

Adequate facilities for drinking water and toilets will be provided to the employees.

The fire and safety equipment will be properly utilized and maintained regularly.

The health of the workers will be regularly checked by a well qualified doctor and proper records will be kept for each worker.

The factory will take all reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk of such accident in compliance with the legal obligation under the relevant safety.

All building plans and installations are as per relevant acts and duly approved by competent government authorities.

Safety features such as fire extinguisher and suitable Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) shall be provided. Regular operations and testing of fire extinguishers shall be carried out.

Periodic inspection and testing of pressure vessels, equipment, machineries and equipment handling hazardous substances.

Training of workers and Staff for fire fighting, work permit system, first aid, safe handling of hazardous chemicals and integrating safety, in all activities.

Accident/Incident reporting system and information of employees about the same for better awareness.

Suitable notices/boards displayed at several locations indicating appropriate hazards warning as well as DO’s and DON’T for ensuring operational and personal Safety for information of workers/staff and visitors.

For the safety of the workers, personal protective equipments like hand gloves, helmets, safety shoes, goggles, aprons etc. & Ear protecting devices like earplugs/earmuffs will be provided. Nose mask will be provided at places, where there is possibility of dust generation.

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8.3.2.6.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE OF THE WORKER Company shall carry out the following Health surveillance;

i) Pre - employment medical check up at the time of employment.

ii) Periodical medical check up shall be done for all employees as:

1. <30 Once in five years

2. 31-40 Once in four years

3. 41-50 Once in two years

4. Above >50 years once every year

iii) First aid training shall be given to the employees.

iv) Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, heat, raw materials and product exposure shall be carried out at frequent intervals, the records of which shall be documented.

v) Evaluation of health of workers viz. chest X-Ray, Audiometry, Spirometry Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG (Eco-Cardiogram), during pre-employment and periodical examinations shall be carried out.

8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL In addition to preparing an Environmental Management Plan (EMP), it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its effective implementation. Hence, proposed plant will create a team consisting of officers from various departments to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the environmental control measures. This team will undertake the activity of monitoring the stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried out to find any deterioration in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps, if required, through respective internal departments. The Environmental Management Cell will also collect data about health of workers, green belt development etc. An Organogram of the Environmental Management Cell is presented in figure-8.1. FIGURE-8.1 AN ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

The cell will also be responsible for monitoring of the plant safety and safety related systems which include:

Checking of safety related operating conditions.

Visual inspection of safety equipments.

General Manager

Plant Supervisor

Chief Manager

Chemist

Operators

Executive

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Preparation of a maintenance plan and documentation of maintenance work specifying different maintenance intervals and the type of work to be performed.

The other responsibilities of the cell will include:

Conduct and submit annual Environmental Audit. State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) registered agency will be retained to generate the data in respect of air, water, noise, soil and meteorological data and prepare the Environmental Audit report. This report will be submitted to the SPCB every year. Timely renewal of Consolidated Consents & Authorization (CC&A) will also be taken care.

Submitting environmental monitoring report to State Pollution Control Board (SPCB). Data monitored by the cell will be submitted to the Board regularly and as per the requirement of SPCB. The cell will also take corrective measures as required or suggested by the Board.

Keeping the management updated on regular basis about the conclusions/results of monitoring activities and proposes measures to improve environment preservation and protection.

Conducting regular safety drills and training programs to educate employees on safety practices. A qualified and experienced safety officer will be responsible for the identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advise on corrective actions, organize training programs and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health.

Conducting safety and health audits to ensure that recommended safety and health measures are followed.

8.5 BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP Adequate budgetary provisions have been made by the management for execution of environmental management plans. Total capital and recurring cost (per annum) earmarked 120 Lacs and 10 Lacs respectively for pollution control/monitoring equipment. Budgetary provisions for the development and maintenance of greenbelt are given in table-8.1 and detailed breakup of cost for operation and maintenance of pollution control measures are given following table-8.2. TABLE-8.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (RS. IN LAKHS)

SR. NO. ITEM RS. IN

LAKHS

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE:

1. Air Pollution control equipment 80.0

2. Emission Monitoring equipments 25.0

3. Green belt development 05.0

4. Establishment of Environment cell and Environmental Monitoring 10.0

Total Capital Expenditure 120.0

RECURRING EXPENDITURE PER ANNUM:

7. Recurring expenditure on environmental management cell and on pollution control systems

10.0

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CHAPTER – 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 9.1 INTRODUCTION M/s. K R Associates is planning to set up 1000 TPD Cement Grinding Unit at Dag No. 144, 145, 146, 147 & 151, Patta No. 19, 21, 42 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mauza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. Category of the project is B, 3(b) Cement Plants (<1 Million tonnes/annum production capacity, All stand alone grinding units) as per Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent amendments. 9.2 PROJECT COST

The total Project Cost is Rs. 3,856.24 Lacs, it includes site development, building, all the plant machinery and its installation and Environment Protection measures cost. Total capital cost for environmental pollution control measures would be Rs. 120.0 Lacs and Recurring cost per annum would be Rs. 10.0 Lacs. 9.3 DETAILS OF RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION ITS SOURCE, AVAILABILITY

& TRANSPORTATION The main raw material for manufacture is Clinker, Fly Ash/Slag and Gypsum. Clinker will be procured from the various Cement Plants situated in the Assam, Meghalaya and Bhutan. Gypsum will be procured from Bhutan which shall be transported through trucks or by rail. Fly Ash/Slag shall be transported from West Bengal, Orissa Jharkhand and Bihar through trucks by road. The frequency of trucks is approximately 150 nos. per day. 9.4 BRIEF PROCESS DESCRIPTION The raw clinker will be crushed in the crusher. The crushed clinker will be elevated to suitable height by bucket elevator for cement mill operation. The clinker, fly ash/slag and gypsum will be fed to the cement mill. The gypsum serves to adjust the setting behaviour of the cement in order to obtain optimum workability of the product during concrete production. In the cement mill, the added materials will be grind to a fine powder. Fly ash/slag will be fed to the separator from the silo via Bucket elevator. Cement in powder form will be fed to the separator. Fly ash/slag and cement powder from Cement Mill get mixed in separator and fine particles goes to the cement blending silo and coarse particles will be fed back to the cement mill for re-crushing. Then the fine product will blend in the cement silos. The manufactured cement from the silos will be conveyed to the automatic electronic packers where it will be packed in 50 kg polythene bags and dispatched. 9.5 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT Land: Around 13,378 Sq. mt. private land is acquired for the proposed Cement Grinding Unit. Water: Total water requirement of the proposed project is 7 KL/day which shall be met through ground water using bore well. Electrical Energy: The estimated power requirement for the proposed project would be 2300 KW. Power will be sourced from Assam State Electricity Board. Fuel: For the proposed cement grinding unit 100 lit/hr diesel will be required to run stand by D. G. Sets. Diesel will source from the nearest petrol pump. Manpower: The proposed cement grinding unit will have great employment potential providing direct employment to approximately 75 full time persons.

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9.6 SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES The particulate emissions are among the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing.

9.6.1 Air environment: 1. Sources of Air Pollution Process Emission: (Particulate Matters) There will be emission of particulate matter due to operation of Crusher, Hopper, Cement Mill, Silo and packing section. Utility Emission: Tow D. G. set is proposed to fulfill power requirement in case of power failure. Emission from these sources will not be continuous as the D. G. sets will be used during emergency or in case of power failure. Fugitive Emission: The fugitive dust emissions from the proposed plant would be significant and the sources will be as under:

1. Raw materials handling

2. Materials transfer points (bucket elevators, conveyor belts)

3. Loading of raw materials

4. Packing of cement

5. Unloading of cement bags and

6. Transportation of vehicles 2. Air Pollution Control Measures

The major sources of pollution are particulate matter from the proposed cement grinding unit. The unit will install Twin Cyclone Separator followed by Reverse pulse jet type bag filter to control air pollutants. The stacks will be attached to the air pollution control equipments to disperse the air pollutants to the satisfactory levels. The details of proposed stacks and control equipments are as under.

NO. OF STACK

STACK ATTACHED TO


STACK HEIGHT & DIAMETER POLLUTANTS

Process Emission & its control measures


Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.8 M

SPM ≤ 50 mg/Nm3

2 Fly Ash Feeder Fly Ash Dust Collector Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.5 M

SPM ≤ 50 mg/Nm3


Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.5 M

SPM ≤ 50 mg/Nm3

Utility Emission & its control measures

4. 2 nos. of D. G. Sets (600 KVA & 250 KVA) For emergency


SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 SO2 < 100 ppm NOx < 50 ppm


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Fugitive Emission Control measures: To control fugitive emissions, the following measures are proposed.

• Raw materials loading and unloading will be done in the covered area.

• Raw materials will be stored in the covered structure.

• All the conveyors will be provided with conveyor cover.

• The automatic bagging machine will be provided. The suction of bag filter will be provided at the packing section.

• The sprinkling of water will be done along the internal roads in the plant in order to control the dust.

• All the workers and officers working inside the plant will be provided with disposable dust masks.

• Green belt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emissions.

• Bag filter will be cleaned regularly.

• Maintenance of air pollution control equipments will be done regularly. 9.6.2 Water Environment: Waste water generation and mitigation measure There will be no waste water generated due to the process. Only domestic wastewater will be generated which is 3.6 KL/day. The domestic waste water shall be diverted into a septic tank followed by soak pit/well. 9.6.3 Noise environment: The noise levels near the sources such as crusher, cement mill, D. G. Sets, material handling, loading unloading, etc. will be higher during the operational phase but general noise levels within plant are expected to remain below 75 dB(A). In order to mitigate the noise levels during the operational phase effective noise control measures like encasement of noise generating equipments, a thick greenbelt will be developed all around the plant boundary to act as noise attenuator, proper and suitable acoustic barrier will also be provided around areas generating high noise and effective preventive maintenance and vibration measurement of all rotating equipment will be taken. 9.6.4 Land environment: Solid waste generation and its disposal method Dust collected from air pollution control equipment will be 100% recycled in the process. Other solid wastes will be used/spent oil and discarded drums and bags. The sources of solid wastes, generation and its management are as given in the following table.

SR. NO.

TYPE OF HAZARDOUS



COLLEC-TION

REUSE/ RECYCLE DISPOSAL

1. Used/spent Oil

Prime Movers

10 ltrs per month

HDPE Drums

Reuse in plant for lubrication

Sold to authorized re-processors

2. Discarded Bags

Storages 5,000 nos. per Day

Bags - Returned to raw Materials suppliers

9.7 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

The baseline environmental quality of Air, water, soil, noise, socioeconomic status and ecology has been assessed in the post monsoon season (November 2014 to January 2015) in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.

e n - V I S I n


9.7.1 Air Environment:

The ambient air samples were collected form eight locations and analyzed for PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOx, for identification, prediction, evaluation and assessment of potential impact on ambient air environment. Design of network for ambient air quality monitoring location was based on guidelines provided by CPCB. The arithmetic mean values of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX are found within permissible limit at all the locations. 9.7.2 Water Environment:

To assess water quality, surface water and ground water samples were collected from eight different locations. Results of all the water parameters were found within permissible limit. 9.7.3 Noise Environment:

Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out. The noise levels of the study are found low and within the stipulated standards of CPCB for the respective designated areas. 9.7.4 Soil Environment:

The general topography of the study area varies from low-lying plains to highland having small-hillocks. Soil samples were collected from eight different locations and physico-chemicals properties were analyzed. All the parameters are found within limit. 9.7.5 Socioeconomic Environment:

Baseline information of socio-economic data has been collected from Census 2001 for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic amenities, economy and social culture, literacy, occupational structure. 9.7.6 Ecology:

Keeping in view, the importance of biological component of total environment due to the proposed project, biological characterization of terrestrial and aquatic environments, changes in species diversity of flora and fauna in terrestrial as well as aquatic systems were studied for impact analysis due to proposed project activity. The details of flora/fauna species and the wildlife habitat in the area covering 10 km radius have been collected to determine the existence of rare and/or endangered species. There four reserved forests (i.e. Mylliem, RF, Marakdola RF, Khanapara RF and Garbhanga RF) and one sanctuary (i.e. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary) present within the study area. There is no place of archeological/ historical/ religious/ tourist interest within 10 km radius of the plant.

9.8 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 9.8.1 Air Environment: As discussed earlier air monitoring was done in post monsoon season and collected data was used for air dispersion modeling as per the guidelines provided by CPCB. And it is concluded that proposed project activity will not adversely affect air quality. 9.8.2 Water environment: As the proposed project is cement grinding unit no industrial waste water shall be generated but only domestic waste water 3.6 KL/day shall be generated which will treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. Rain water harvesting shall be carried out to recharge ground water which can improve water environment of the area. So, no adverse impact of proposed activities, on water quality is envisaged. 9.8.3 Land environment: No hazardous waste shall be generated from the proposed project. Other solid waste generated from the proposed project activities shall be properly disposed as environmental friendly. So, there will be no significant impact on land environment. 9.8.4 Noise environment: The main sources of noise pollution in the plant would be crusher, cement mill, diesel generator and vehicular movement. Adequate noise control measures such as mufflers, silencers at the air inlet/outlet, anti vibration pad for equipment with high vibration, earmuff and earplugs to the operators etc. will be provided. However, the proposed green belt will help to reduce noise level. The

e n - V I S I n


adverse impact on occupationally exposed workers will not envisaged, as noise protection devices will be provided. 9.8.5 Socioeconomic environment: Over all 75 persons will get direct or indirect employment due to proposed project. In addition to these company will contribute in socio economic development of the area. 9.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared for the proposed cement grinding unit to minimize negative impacts and is formed on the basis of prevailing environmental conditions and likely impacts of this project on various environmental parameters. This plan will also facilitate monitoring of environmental parameters. EMP includes scheme for proper and scientific treatment and disposal mechanism for air, liquid and solid hazardous pollutants. Apart from this, forest conservation plan, green belt development, safety aspect of the workers, noise control, fire protection etc. are also included in it. Following measures are proposed to mitigate negative impact of operation phase of the project on the surrounding air environment:

- All transfer points will have bag filter attached to them to control and capture dust emission.

- Height of all the stacks will be as per statutory requirement. All the stacks will have Stack Monitoring Facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access ladder.

- Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure trouble-free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms.

Precautionary measures will also be adopted to control the noise level within the stipulated limits. The plantation at the proposed project site will be carried-out after interaction with local experts and various species will be selected as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) guidelines.

9.10 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

About 4415 Sq. mt. area i.e. 33% land area of total land shall be developed as greenbelt/green cover development at the proposed project site. Proper budgetary provision considering expenses incurred on saplings, soil handling, manuring, after care and maintenance will be made.

9.11 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

In addition to preparing an Environment Management Plan (EMP), it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its effective implementation. Hence, M/s. K R Associates will establish a team consisting of officers from various departments to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the environmental control measures. This team will undertake the activity of monitoring the stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried-out to find out any deterioration in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps, if required, through respective internal departments. 9.12 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM A regular monitoring of environmental parameters like air, water, noise and soil as well as performance of pollution control facilities and safety measures in the plant are important for proper environmental management of any project. Therefore, the environment and safety cell will handle monitoring of air and water pollutants as well as the solid wastes generation as per the requirements of State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).

e n - V I S I n


CHAPTER – 10 CONSULTANT ENGAGED Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study for the proposed 1000 TPD Cement Grinding Unit of M/s. K R Associates conducted by,

Name : M/s. Envision Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd.

Address : 208, G-Tower, Shankheshwar Complex, Above Girish Group of Hospitals, Sagrampura, Surat-395 002, Gujarat.

Phone : (0261) 2470653, 2472374, 2473905

Fax : 91-261-2478518

E-mail : [email protected]

Website : en-vision.in

M/s. En-vision Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd. (ISO 9001:2008 certified company) is a consulting, engineering and equipment supplier firm delivering exceptional service and quality to public and private clients in India. En-vision is working with zeal in the field of environmental engineering for more than 15 years. En-vision has a vision of supporting and being a part of development that is sustainable to our environment.

En-vision is one of the leading companies as Environmental Consultants providing the EIA study

required for Environmental Clearance from MoEFCC/DoEF and NOC (Consent to establish), CCA (Consent to Operate) from Pollution Control Board. En-vision has a well established laboratory with environmental monitoring and analysis of environmental parameters (Air & Water monitoring, Waste Water analysis, Stack analysis).

En-vision is also working as consultants, turnkey project executors and equipment suppliers in the field of Pollution Control (Environmental) Engineering and deals with turnkey projects in Incineration System for Solid and Hazardous waste. En-vision also does the Design, construction, erection and commission of Water Treatment Facility (Effluent treatment plants, Sewage treatment plants, etc.) and Secured Landfill sites.

En-vision is enlisted contractor with PWD, Goa as Class-I-A (One-A) in the category of Water

Supply & Waste Water Disposal. En-vision is recognized as Environmental Auditors and enlisted as consultants and pollution control equipment suppliers with Gujarat Pollution Control Board. Provide Services in the field of Structural Engineering, Water Supply Engineering and Civil Engineering. It has national cliental from state of Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Haryana, Andra Pradesh, Rajesthan, Goa, etc and international cliental from Dubai and Egypt.

EEEPL is Member of Consulting Engineers Association of India, Indo-German Chamber of

Commerce, Society of Environmental Auditors and Consultants, Ahmedabad and Member of CII. EEEPL is operated by Mr. Nihar Doctor and Mr. Kunhal Shah, who are actively involved in achieving their vision to be a significant contributor in the development sustainable by Environment using collective technical acumen to provide services & equipments and be a part of movement of building Modern India with better environment and safety aim.

Mr. Nihar Doctor: He possesses Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering and Master’s Degree exclusively in the specialized field of structural Engineering as well as Environmental Engineering. Presently he is holding the position of Director in M/s. Envision Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd. He is having fourteen years experience in Environmental Engineering field.

e n - V I S I n


Functional area experts and assistance to FAE involved in the EIA study for M/s. K R Associates is as follow: FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED IN THE EIA

Name of EIA Coordinator / Assignment Head involved

FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED

FUNCTIONAL AREA NAME/S

Mr. Jignesh Patel Associate: Mr. Krunal Patel

LU (Land Use) Dr. Y. Ramamohan

Associate: Mr. Mayur Harsora

AQ (Meteorology, Air Quality Modeling & Prediction)

Mr. Nihar Doctor, Ms. Smitha Rajesh

Associate: Mr. Rajendranadh Chokkara

AP (Air Pollution Monitoring, Prevention & Control)

Mr. Nihar Doctor, Ms. Neelima Roy

Associate: Ms. Vaibhavi Kanani, Ms. Nirali Patel

WP (Water Pollution Monitoring, Prevention, & Control)

Mr. Nihar Doctor, Ms. Smitha Rajesh, Mr. Mayur Harsora

Associate: Mr. Jayanti Makwana, Ms. Shweta Tailor

EB (Ecology & Biodiversity)

Mr. Satyendra Singh Unchawal

SE (Socio-Economoics) Mr. Arif Shaikh

NV (Noise & Vibration) Mr. Mayur Harsora

Associate: Ms. Vaibhavi Kanani, Ms. Nirali Patel

SC (Soil Conservation) Mr. Krunal Patel

HG (Hydrology, Ground Water & Water Conservation)

Mr. Naresh Gor

Associate: Mr. Apoorva Ghantiwala

RH (Risk Assessment & Hazard Management)

Mr. D. H. Patel, Mr. Jignesh Patel, Ms. Smitha Rajesh

Associate: Mr. Krunal Patel, Mr. Rajendranadh Chokkara

SHW (Solid & Hazardous Waste Management)

Mr. Nihar Doctor, Ms. Smitha Rajesh

Associate: Mr. Jayanti Makwana Laboratory for Analysis:

1. Vision Labs H.No. 16-11-23/37/A, Flat No. 205, 2nd Floor, Opp. R.T.A. Office, N-mart Building, Musarambagh, Malakpet, Hyderabad - 500036

Monitoring, Collection and Analysis of Air, water and soil samples; Recognized by NABL, MoEF certified laboratory

ANNEXURES

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A - 2

ANNEXURE-I TERMS OF REFERENCE LETTER AWARDED BY SEIAA


ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)


ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)


ANNEXURE-II PHOTOGRAPHS OF PLANT AREA


ANNEXURE-III LAND AGREEMENT DOCUMENTS


ANNEXURE-III (CONT.)








ANNEXURE-IV CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA


ANNEXURE-IV (CONT.)


ANNEXURE-V NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (2009)


ANNEXURE-V (CONT.)


ANNEXURE-V (CONT.) NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (1994)

Pollutants Time-

weighted average

Concentration in Ambient Air

Method of measurement Industrial

Areas

Residential, Rural &

other Areas

Sensitive Areas

SulphurDioxide (SO2)

Annual Average*

80 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 15 µg/m3 - Improved West and Geake Method - Ultraviolet Fluorescence

24 hours** 120 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 30 µg/m3

Oxides of Nitrogen as (NO2)

Annual Average*

80 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 15 µg/m3 - Jacob & Hochheiser Modified (Na-Arsenite) Method

24 hours** 120 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 - Gas Phase Chemiluminescence

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM)

Annual Average*

360 µg/m3 140 µg/m3 70 µg/m3 - High Volume Sampling, (Average flow rate not less than 1.1 m3/minute).

24 hours** 500 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 100 µg/m3

Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM) (size less than 10 microns)

Annual Average*

120 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 50 µg/m3 - Respirable particulate matter sampler

24 hours** 150 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 75 µg/m3

Lead (Pb) Annual Average*

1.0 µg/m3 0.75 µg/m3 0.50 µg/m3

- ASS Method after sampling using EPM 2000 or equivalent Filter paper

24 hours** 1.5 µg/m3 1.00 µg/m3 0.75 µg/m3

.

Ammonia1 Annual Average*

0.1 mg/ m3 0.1 mg/ m3 0.1 mg/m3

.

24 hours** 0.4 mg/ m3 0.4 mg/m3 0.4 mg/m3

.

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

8 hours** 5.0 mg/m3 2.0 mg/m3 1.0 mg/ m3

- Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR)

1 hour 10.0 mg/m3 4.0 mg/m3 2.0 mg/m3

Spectroscopy

*

Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.

**

24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.

Note: 1. National Ambient Air Quality Standards: The levels of air quality necessary with an adequate margin of safety to

protect the public health, vegetation and property 2. Whenever and wherever two consecutive values exceeds the limit specified above for the respective category, it

would be considered adequate reason to institute regular/continuous monitoring and further investigation 3. The above standards shall be reviewed after five years from the date of notification


ANNEXURE-VI INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS: 10500-1991

SR NO.

SUBSTANCES OR

CHARCTER- ISTICS MAX

REQUIREME- NT

(DESIRABLE LIMIT)

UNDESIRABLE EFFECTS OUT-

SIDE THE DESIRABLE

LIMIT

PERMISSIBLE LIMIT IN

ABSENCE OF ALTERNATE

SOURCE

METHOD OF TEST CI REF

OF IS: 3025

REMARKS

ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS 1 Colour, Hazen

unit 5 Above this,

consumer acceptance decreases

25 4 of 3025, 1983

Extended upto 25 only if toxic

substances are not suspected in

absence of alternate Source.

2 Odour Unobjectionable - 5 of 3025,198

3

a. Test cold and when heated

b. Test at several dilutions

3 Taste Agreeable - - Test to be conducted only after

safety has been established

4 Turbidity, NTU 5 Above this, consumer acceptance decreases

10 8 Test to be conducted only after safety has been

established 5 pH Value 6.5-8.5 Beyond this range

the water will affect the mucous membrane and/or

water supply system

No relaxation 8 -

6 Total Hardness mg/L (as CaCO3)

300 Encrustation on water supply structure and

adverse effects on domestic use

600 - -

7 Iron (as Fe), mg/L

0.3 Beyond this limit,, taste/appearance are affected has

adverse effect on domestic uses and

water supply structures &

promotes iron bacteria

1.0 32 of 3025, 1964

-

8 Chlorides (as Cl-) mg/L

250 Beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability

are affected

1000 32 of 3025

-

9 Residual free chlorine, mg/L

0.2 - - 26 of 3025, 1986

To be applicable only when water is chlorinated tested at consumer end, when

protection against viral infection is

required it should be min 0.5 mg/L


ANNEXURE-VI (CONT.)

SR NO.

SUBSTANCES OR


REQUIREME- NT

(DESIRABLE LIMIT)

UNDESIRABLE EFFECTS OUT-

SIDE THE DESIRABLE

LIMIT



SOURCE


OF IS: 3025

REMARKS

DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS 10 Dissolved

Solids, mg/L 500 Beyond this

palatability decrease and may cause gastrointestinal

irritation

2000 16 of 3025

11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L

75 - 200 40 of 3025, 1984

12 Copper (as Cu), mg/L

0.05 Astringent,taste discoloration of

pipes, fittings and utensils will be

caused beyond this

1.5 36 of 3025, 1964

13 Manganese (as Mn), mg/L

0.1 Astringent ,taste discoloration of

pipes, fittings and utensils will be

caused beyond this

0.3 35 of 3025,1964

14 Sulphate (as SO4

-2), mg/L 200 Beyond this causes

gastrointestinal irritation when magnesium or

sodium are present

400 24 of 3025, 1986

May be extended upto 400 provided (as Mg) does not exceed 30 mg/l

15 Nitrate (as NO3-

), mg/L 45 Beyond this

methaemoglo- binemia

100 - -

16 Fluoride (as F-), mg/L

1.0 Fluoride may be kept as low as possible. High

fluoride may cause fluorosis

1. 5 23 of 3025, 1964

-

17 Phenolic substances mg/L (as C6H5OH)

0.001 Beyond this, it may cause objectionable

taste and odour

0.002 54 of 3025

18 Mercury (as Hg), mg/L

0.01 Beyond this, the water becomes toxic

No relaxation See note mercury ion

analyzer

To be tested when pollution is suspected

19 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/L

0.01 Beyond this the water becomes toxic

No relaxation See note mercury ion

analyser


20 Selenium (as Se) mg/L


No relaxation 28 of 3025, 1964


21 Arsenic (As), mg/L





ANNEXURE-VI (CONT.)

SR NO.

SUBSTANCES OR


REQUIREME- NT

(DESIRABLE LIMIT)

UNDESIRABLE EFFECTS OUT-SIDE

THE DESIRABLE LIMIT



SOURCE


OF IS: 3025

REMARKS

22 Cyanide (CN-), mg/L



To be tested when pollution

is suspected

23 Lead (Pb), mg/L


No relaxation See note 86 To be tested when pollution plumbosolvency is suspected

24 Zinc (as Zn), mg/L

5 Beyond this limit it can cause astringent

taste and an opalescence in water

15 39 of 3025,1964


is suspected

25 Anionic detergents mg/L (as MBAS)

0.2 Beyond this limit undesirable taste and

odour after Chlorination takes

place

1.0 Methylene blue

extraction method


is suspected

26 Chromium (as Cr+6), mg/L

0.01 May be carcinogenic above this limit

0.05 28 0f 3025 To be tested when pollution

is suspected

27 Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, mg/L

- May be carcinogenic - 28 of 3025,1964


is suspected

28 Mineral Oil, mg/L

0.01 Beyond this limit undesirable taste and

odour after Chlorination takes

place

0.03 Gas chromatographic method


is suspected

29 Pesticides mg/L

Absent Toxic 0.001 58 of 3025, 1964

-

30 Radioactive materials a. Alpha emitters Bq/L b. Beta emitters pci/L

- -

- -

0.1

1.0

- -

- -

31 Alkalinity (as CaCO3), mg/L

200 Beyond this limit taste becomes

unpleasant

600 13 of 3025,1964

-

32 Aluminum (as Al), mg/L

0.03 Cumulative effect is reported to cause

dementia

0.2 31 0f 3025,1964

-

33 Boron (as B), mg/L

1 - 5 29 of 3025,1964

-

Note: Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method may be used.


ANNEXURE-VII CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE WATER (CPCB STANDARDS)

SR NO. CHARACTERISTICS A@ B@ C@ D@ E@

1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L), Min 6 5 4 4 -

2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L), Min

2 3 3 - -

3 Total Coliform Organisms, MPN/100 ml, Max.

50 500 5000 - -

4 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L), Max 500 - 1500 - 2100

5 Chlorides (as Cl-), mg/L, Max. 250 - 600 - 600

6 Colour, Hazen units, Max 10 300 300 - -

7 Sodium absorption ratio, Max - - - - 26

8 Boron (as B), mg/L, Max - - - - 2

9 Sulphates (as SO4-2), mg/L, Max. 400 - 400 - 1000

10 Nitrates (as NO3-), mg/L, Max 20 - 50 - -

11 Free Ammonia (as N), mg/L, Max - - - 1.2 -

12 Conductivity at 25°C, micromhos/cm, Max

- - - 1.0 2.25

13 pH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.0-8.0

14. Arsenic (as As), mg/L, Max 0.05 0.2 0.2 - -

15 Iron (as Fe), mg/L, Max 0.3 - 50 - -

16 Fluorides (as F), mg/L, Max 1.5 1.5 1.5 - -

17 Lead (as Pb), mg/L, Max 0.1 - 0.1 - -

18 Copper (as Cu), mg/L, Max 1.5 - 1.5 - -

19 Zinc (as Zn), mg/L, Max 15 - 15 - -

*: If the Coliform count is found to be more than the prescribed tolerance limits, the criteria for coliforms shall be satisfied if not more than 20 percent of samples show more than the tolerance limits specified, and not more than 5 percent of samples show values more than 4 times the tolerance limit. Further, the feacal coliform should not be more than 20 percent of the coliform.


ANNEXURE-VIII CPCB RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE EXPOSURE (1989)

CATEGORY OF AREA

Leq (dBA) (DAYTIME)

(0600 TO 2100 HRS)

Ldn (dBA) (NIGHT TIME)

(2100 TO 0600 HRS)

Industrial Area 75 70

Commercial Area 65 55

Residential Area 55 45

Silence Zone 50 40


ANNEXURE-IX DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR HEARING LOSS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY& HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE DURATION PER DAY

(HOURS)

NOISE LEVEL (SLOW RESPONSE)

dBA

8 90

6 92

4 95

3 97

2 100

1.5 102

1 105

0.5 110

0.25 or Less 115


ANNEXURE-X FLOOD HAZARD ZONATION MAP OF THE STUDY AREA


ANNEXURE-XI LIST OF FLORA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA

S.NO. BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY

Trees 1. Adina cardifolia Hed Rubiaceae 2. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae 3. Ailanthus excelsa Mahanim Simaroubaceae 4. Albizia lebbeck Shiras Mimosaceae 5. Albizia odoratissima Kala Shiras Mimosaceae 6. Albizia procera Koroi Mimosaceae 7. Alstonia scholaris Sotiana Apocynaceae 8. Annona reticulata Aata/ Sitaphal Annonaceae 9. Annona squamosa Aata/ Ramfal Mimosaceae 10. Anthocephalus chinense Kadam Rubiaceae 11. Areca catechu Tamol Palmae 12. Artocarpus heterophyllus Katol Moraceae 13. Artocarpus integrifolia Phanas Moraceae 14. Bauhinia purpuria Apta Caesalpiniaceae 15. Bauhinia variegata Kachnar Caesalpiniaceae 16. Bombax ceiba Semal Bombacaceae 17. Borassus flabellifer Tal Palmae 18. Bridelia retusa Kasai Euphorbiaceae 19. Callicarpa arborea Dieng-lakhoit Verbanaceae 20. Careya arborea Kumbhi Myrtaceae 21. Caryota urens Bherlimad Palmae 22. Cassia fistula Kassod Caesalpiniaceae 23. Castonopsis tribuloides chinkapin Fagaceae 24. Cinnamomum zeylannicum Tamal patra Lauraceae 25. Citrus maxima Bada nimbu Rutaceae 26. Cleistanthus collinus Karra Euphorbiaceae 27. Cocos nucifera Narikal Palmae 28. Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae 29. Derris robusta Diengthing Papilionaceae 30. Dillenia indica Kargela Dilleniaceae 31. Erythrina indica Madar Fabaceae 32. Erythrina suberosa Pattemadar Papilionaceae 33. Ficus benghalensis Bargad Moraceae 34. Ficus elastica Athabor Moraceae 35. Ficus hirta Dimoru Moraceae 36. Ficus infectoria Parak Moraceae 37. Ficus religiosa Peepal Moraceae 38. Garuga pinnata Kakad Burseraceae 39. Gmelina arborea Shivam Verbinaceae 40. Grevillea robusta Silver oak Proteaceae 41. Lagerstroemia indica Sida Lythraceae 42. Lagerstroemia speciosa Sida Lythraceae 43. Lannea grandis Jiya Anacardiaceae 44. Macaranga denticulata Mildew mahang Euphorbiaceae 45. Macropanax dispermus Dieng la-rasi Analiaceae 46. Mallotus philippensis Red Kamala Euphorbiaceae 47. Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae


ANNEXURE-XI (CONT.)


48. Melia azedarach Bakain Melastomataceae 49. Memecylon edule Anjani Melastomataceae 50. Messua ferrea Nahar Clusiaceae 51. Michelia champaca Tita sopa Magnoliaceae 52. Moringa oleifera Sahjan Moringaceae 53. Morus australis Shahtoot Moraceae 54. Protium serratum Mirtenga Burseraceae 55. Psidium guajava Pyara Myrtaceae 56. Putranjiva roxburgii Jaiputa Euphorbiaceae 57. Pterospermum acerifolium Dieng tharo-masi Sterculiaceae 58. Saraca indica Ashoka tree Papilionaceae 59. Schima wallichii Makrisal Theaceae 60. Spondias pinnata Amera Anacardiaceae 61. Sterculia villosa Kandol Sterculiaceae 62. Syzygium cumini Jambhul Myrtaceae 63. Tectona grandis Moi, sag Verbenaceae 64. Terminalia chebula Hirda Combretaceae 65. Terminalia paniculata Saja Combretaceae 66. Terminalia tomentosa Saja Combretaceae 67. Trema orientalis Khargol Cannabaceae 68. Vitex peduncularis Nirgudi Verbenaceae 69. Wrightia tomentosa Kuda Apocynaceae 70. Zizyphus jujube Bor Rhamnaceae 71. Zizyphus xylopyra Ghont Rhamnaceae

Shrubs 1. Ageratum conyzoides Jangli pudina Asteraceae 2. Calotropis gigantia Rui Asclepiadaceae 3. Cassia tora Chakunda Caesalpiniaceae 4. Clerodendron infortunatum Syntiew-dohmahi Verbenaceae 5. Gardenia lucida Dikamali Rubiaceae 6. Holarrhena antidysenterica Kuda Apocynaceae 7. Ixora parviflora Kurat Rubiaceae 8. Lantana camara Rajmunia Verbenaceae 9. Nyctanthus arbortristis Harsingar Oleaceae 10. Ricinus communis Arand Euphorbiaceae

Herbs 1. Achyranthus aspera Chirchira Amaranthaceae 2. Amaranthus spinosus Chaulii Amaranthaceae 3. Amaranthus viridis Slender Amaranth Amaranthaceae 4. Amischophacelus axillaris Kana Commelinaceae 5. Ammania baccifera Aginbuti Lythraceae 6. Bidens biternata Yellow-flowered blackjack Asteraceae 7. Blainvillia acmella Kanghi Asteraceae 8. Blumea paniculata Mharbir Asteraceae 9. Commelina benghalensis Kankawa Commelinaceae 10. Eclipta alba Bhringraj Asteraceae 11. Euphorbia hirta Dudhi bel Euphorbiaceae 12. Jasminum sambac Mei-lar-um Oleaceae 13. Laportea cuneata Dieng synrem Urticaceae


ANNEXURE-XI (CONT.)


14. Lycopodium casuarinoides Tmain-khla Lycopodiaceae 15. Maesa indica Diengsoh-jala-tyrkai Myrsinaceae 16. Melastoma malabathricum Soh-khing Melastomaceae 17. Musa nagensium Lakait Musaceae 18. Osbeckia crinite Jalng-kthem Melastomaceae 19. Osbeckia octandra Soh-kthem Melastomaceae 20. Oscimum sanctum Tulsi Labiatae 21. Oxalis corniculata Jajew Oxalidaceae 22. Pteris arborea Tyrkhang Pteridaceae 23. Randia spinosa Sohladung Rubiaceae 24. Sida cordata Bhuinii Malvaceae 25. Solanum nigrum Bhatkadrana Solanaceae 26. Triamfetta pilosa Soh-byrthid Araliaceae 27. Tridax procumbens Khal-muriya Asteraceae 28. Urena lobata Soh-byrthit Malvaceae 29. Vicia sativa Common vetch Papilionaceae

Climbers 1. Acacia pinnata Jermai-sheih-lyngsiah Mimosaceae 2. Asparagus racemosus Shatavari Liliaceae 3. Bougainvillea buttiana Baganvilas Nyctaginaceae 4. Ipomoea vitifolia Navalicha wel Convolvulaceae 5. Mucuna bractiata Kiwach Papilionaceae 6. Piper nigrum Kali Mirch Piperaceae 7. Smilex macrophylla Mutri Smilacaceae 8. Zizyphus oenoplia Kunheri Rhamnaceae

Grasses 1. Bambusa bambos Kalak Poaceae 2. Bambusa palida Seij Poaceae 3. Bambusa tulda Shken Poaceae 4. Cymbopogon martini Rusa ghans Poaceae 5. Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae 6. Cyperus rotundus Motha Cyperaceae 7. Dendrocalamus hamiltoni Seij Poaceae 8. Thysanolaena maxima Synsar Poaceae 9. Travesia palmata Soh-kynthur Araliaceae


ANNEXURE-XI (CONT.) LIST OF FLORA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE CORE ZONE


Trees 1. Borassus flabellifer Tal Palmae 2. Zizyphus xylopyra Ghont Rhamnaceae

Shrubs 1. Ageratum conyzoides Jangli pudina Asteraceae 2. Lantana camara Rajmunia Verbenaceae

Herbs 1. Achyranthus aspera Chirchira Amaranthaceae 2. Commelina benghalensis Kankawa Commelinaceae 3. Eclipta alba Bhringraj Asteraceae 4. Euphorbia hirta Dudhi bel Euphorbiaceae 5. Oscimum sanctum Tulsi Labiatae 6. Sida cordata Bhuinii Malvaceae

Grasses 1. Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae 2. Cyperus rotundus Motha Cyperaceae


ANNEXURE-XII LIST OF FAUNA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA

SR. NO. SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY

Reference to schedule as per wild life protection act 1972,

as amended upto 2006 Schedule Part Serial

Mammals 1. Funambulus pennanti Five striped palm squirrel Sciuridae IV - 3-A 2. Bubalus bubalis Buffalo Bovidae I I 41 3. Ovis aries Sheep Bovidae I I 26 4. Capra aegagrus hircus Goat Bovidae - - - 5. Equus ferus Horse Equidae 18-A 6. Sus bucculentus Pig Suidae III - 19 7. Lepus nigricollis Indian hare Leporidae IV - 4 8. Presbytis entellus Languor Cercopithecidae II I 4-A 9. Rattus rattus Common house rat Muridae V - 6

Aves 1. Acridotheres tristis Myna Sturnidae IV - 11(45) 2. Aredea ceineria Grey heron Ardeidae IV - 11(22) 3. Bubo bubo Owl Strigidae IV - 11(48)

4. Gallus gallus domesticus Fowl Phasianidae - - 18-A 5. Mergus serrator Duck Anatidae IV - 21 6. Columba livia Blue rock pigeon Columbidae - - - 7. Corvus splendens House crow Corvidae V - 1 8. Coturnix coturnix Common quail Phasianidae IV - 11(57) 9. Francolinus pondicerianus Grey patridge Phasianidae IV - 11(51) 10. Passer domesticus House sparrow Passerinae - - - 11. Perdicula asiatica Grey quail Phasianidae IV - 11(57) 12. Psittacula krameri Roseringed parakeet Psittacidae IV - 11(50)

Reptiles & Amphibians 1. Bufo Parietalis Indian toad Bufonidae IV - 13 2. Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian krait Elapidae IV - 12(vi) 3. Calotes versicolor Lizard Agamidae - - - 4. Mobuya carinata Common keeled grass skink Scincidae - - - 5. Ophiophagus hannah King cobra Elapidae II II 12 6. Ptyas mucosus Dhaman Colubridae II II 9

Fish 1. Catla catla Catla Cyprinidae - - - 2. Labeo fimbriatus Mongri rou Cyprinidae - - - 3. Labeo rohita Rohu Cyprinidae - - -

Insecta 1. Acontia marmoralis Emmelia (Grasshooper) Noctuidae - - - 2. Acrida turrita Acrida (Grasshooper) Acridodea - - - 3. Agriocnemis pygmaea Midget Whisp Coenagrionidae - - - 4. Anax guttatus Pale-spotted Emperer Aeshnidae - - - 5. Ceriagrion coromandelianum Damselfly Coenagrionidae - - - 6. Heterojinus semilaetaneus Heterorrhina Cucujidae II II 1


ANNEXURE-XII (CONT.)




7. Holochlora indica Green grasshooper Tettigonjoidea - - - 8. Ischnura aurora Golden Dartlet Coenagrionidae - - - 9. Periplaneta americana American cockroach Blattidae - - - 10. Pseudagrion rubriceps Damselfly Coenagrionidae - - -

Mollusca 1. Cypraea limacina Slug-Like Cowrie Cypraeidae IV - 19 2. Turbo marmoratus Marbled turban IV - 19

LIST OF FAUNA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE CORE ZONE




Mammals 1. Funambulus pennanti Five striped palm squirrel Sciuridae IV - 3-A 2. Rattus rattus Common house rat Muridae V - 6

Aves 1. Acridotheres tristis Myna Sturnidae IV - 11(45) 2. Corvus splendens Crow Corvidae V - 1 3. Passer domesticus Sparrow Passerinae - - -

Reptiles & Amphibians 1. Bufo Parietalis Indian toad Bufonidae IV - 13 2. Calotes versicolor Lizard Agamidae - - -

Insecta 1. Holochlora indica Green grasshooper Tettigonjoidea - - - 2. Pseudagrion rubriceps Damselfly Coenagrionidae - - -


ANNEXURE-XIII ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS FROM CEMENT PLANTS


ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)


















ANNEXURE-XIV PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING MONITORING AND SAMPLING


ANNEXURE-XIV (CONT…..)

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