Upload
habao
View
214
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Environmental and Social Management
Plan (ESMP)
LEGAZPI CITY
Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally
Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from
Solid Wastes through the Application of Best Available
Technologies and Best Environmental Practices
(BAT/BEP)
December 2015
SFG1829
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
i
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
Legazpi City’s Action Plan (AP) for the Reduction of Unintentionally
Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid Wastes
through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best
Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
COVER LETTER
SECTION Page
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 1
2.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................ 9
2.1 Environment ................................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Social ................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 Relevant World Bank Safeguard Policies .......................................................................... 9
3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 11
3.1 Project Background and Purpose of the UPOPs Action Plan.......................................... 11
3.2 Preparation and endorsement of the UPOPs Action Plan ................................................ 12
3.3 Overall solid waste management goals ………………………………… ……………12
3.4 Screening and Selection of Specific Action Plan for GEF and
LGU Funding ................................................................................................................. 12
3.5 Description of Activities Under Disposal Window ......................................................... 18
3.6 Description of Activities Under Collection Window ...................................................... 19
3.7 UPOPs Action Plan Project Implementation Schedule ................................................... 21
3.8 Sub-Project Cost Estimate ................................................................................................ 21
4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE DATA ................................................................................. 23
4.1 Basic Facts About Legazpi City and Its Waste Management Situation .......................... 23
4.2 Status of Open Burning of Solid Wastes at Source Community ..................................... 25
4.3 Status of Open Burning of Solid Wastes for Commercial and Alternative Fuel
Purposes ................................................................................................................. 26
4.4 Institutional, Legal and Financial Framework for SWM in Legazpi City ...................... 26
4.5 Overview of the Existing Sanitary Landfill at Barangay Banquerohan .......................... 28
4.6 Overview of the Proposed Closure/Rehabilitation of Dumpsite at Brgy.
Banquerohan ................................................................................................................. 29
4.7 Overview of Local Framework or Social Development Plan for Informal Waste
Sector ................................................................................................................. 31
4.8 Detailed Description of the Open Dumpsite .................................................................... 32
4.9 Detailed Profiles of the Affected IWS ............................................................................ 39
4.10 IWS Household Income & Income Sources .................................................................... 41
5.0 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND
MITIGATION MEASURES ...................................................................................................... 46
5.1 Social Impacts ................................................................................................................. 46
5.2 Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures .................................... 46
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
ii
6.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................ 57
6.1 No-UPOPs Action Plan Alternative ................................................................................. 57
6.2 With UPOPs Action Plan Alternative .............................................................................. 57
7.0 SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) ............................. 58
7.1 Details of the Proposed ESMP ......................................................................................... 58
7.2 Details of the Social Management Plan (SDP) ................................................................ 58
7.3 Built-in ESMP in the Tender Documents and Contractor’s Contract ............................. 59
7.4 Environmental Monitoring ............................................................................................... 59
7.5 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 59
7.6 Implementation Arrangement........................................................................................... 59
7.7 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 68
8.0 CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, & GRIEVANCE
REDRESS MECHANISM .................................................................................................... 69
8.1 Consultation and Information Disclosure ........................................................................ 69
8.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism ........................................................................................ 70
ANNEXES
Annex 1 Legazpi City’s SLF Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)
Annex 2 Legazpi City’s SLF Operation Manual
Annex 3 TOR for Contractors for the Execution of ESMP as Built in the
Technical Specifications
Annex 4 Social Development Plan (SDP)
LIST OF TABLES
Table ES-1 Overall UPOP Action Plan for Legazpi City ...................................................................... 2
Table ES-2 Summary of Cost Estimates Proposed for GEF Grant Funding ........ …….…………......3
Table ES-3 Public Consultations and Disclosure at Various of the UPOPs Action Plan
Formulation……………….……………………………….. ............................................ 7
Table 3.1 Menu of Technical Alternatives and Assistance for Disposal
Window……………….…..…. ........................................................................................ 13
Table3.2 Menu of Technical Alternatives and Assistance for Collection
Window……….…………… ........................................................................................... 14
Table 3.3 Overall UPOP Action Plan and Sustainability Plan ....... ……………………………….15
Table 3.4 Summary of Cost Estimates Proposed for GEF-Funding ....... …………………………18
Table 3.5 Description of Activities Under the Disposal Window .................................................... 18
Table 3.6 Detailed Sub-project Implementation Schedule ............................................................... 22
Table 4.1 Key Figures for Legazpi City ............................................................................................ 23
Table 4.2 Sources of Municipal Solid Waste in Legazpi City ......................................................... 24
Table 4.3 Composition of Municipal Solid Waste in Legazpi City ................................................. 24
Table 4.4 Budget Appropriated by Legazpi City in 2013 for SWM
(Exclusive of supplemental) .............................................................................................. 27
Table 4.5a Physical Setup of the Open Dumpsite .............................................................................. 37
Table 4.5b Existing Equipment at the Open Dumpsite ...................................................................... 37
Table 4.6 Most Relevant Aspects of Open Dumpsite’s General Environment ............................... 37
Table 4.7 Waste Pickers’ Place of Residence ................................................................................... 41
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
iii
Table 4.8 Sex and Age of Waste pickers .......................................................................................... 42
Table 4.9 Population By Age Group and Marital Status .................................................................. 43
Table 4.10 Educational Attainment of Waste Pickers by Age Group ................................................ 43
Table 4.11 Household Size .................................................................................................................. 44
Table 4.12 Income Sources of Waste Pickers ..................................................................................... 44
Table 4.13 Monthly Income of Waste Pickers from Waste Picking and Other Sources ................... 45
Table 5.1 Sub-Projects Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...................................... 47
Table 6.1 Comparison of Alternatives (No-UPOPs Action Plan Alternative vs.
With UPOPs Action Plan Alternatives) ............................................................................ 57
Table 7.1 Summary of the Intended Livelihood Projects for IWS ................................................... 58
Table 7.2 Budgetary Requirement for SDP ...................................................................................... 58
Table 7.3 Environmental Mitigation and Environmental Monitoring Plan for
Legazpi City’s UPOPs Action Plan .................................................................................. 61
Table 7.4 Institutional Responsibilities for EMP Implementation ................................................... 67
Table 8.1 Public Consultations and Disclosure at Various of the
UPOPs Action Plan Formulation ...................................................................................... 69
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1 Overall waste management framework of Legazpi City……………….…..…. ............. 13
Figure 4.1 Existing cells and expansion area for Legazpi City
landfill at Barangay Banquerohan..................................................................................... 28
Figure 4.2 Location and Vicinity Map of Legazpi City’s
Banquerohan Dumpsite ..................................................................................................... 29
Figure 4.3 A total of 2.322 hectares of Banquerohan dumpsite is subject ....................................... 30
Figure 4.4 Makeshift sheds built and used by waste pickers as temporary
shelter and storage area ..................................................................................................... 31
Figure 4.5 The location Map of the Open Dumpsite ......................................................................... 33
Figure 4.6 Relative location of the SLF and the open dumpsite ........................................................ 34
Figure 4.7a Photo-documentation of the Open Dumpsite (Panoramic View) .................................... 33
Figure 4.7b Photo-documentation of the Open Dumpsite ................................................................... 34
Figure 4.8 Photo-documentation of the Burning Open Dumpsite ..................................................... 40
Figure 4.9 Indicative Final Lay-out of the Closed Open Dumpsite ................................................... 40
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
iv
ABBREVIATIONS/ ACRONYMS
AECID Agencia Espańola de Cooperacion Internacional para el Desarrollo
AO Administrative Order
BAT Best Available Technology
BCDI Bicol Consortium for Development Initiatives
BEP Best Environmental Practice
CCO Chemical Control Order
CENRO Community Environment and Natural Resources Office
CNC Certificate of Non-Coverage
CVO City Veterinary Office
DAO DENR Administrative Order
DDT Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DOST Department of Science and Technology
EA Environmental Assessment
ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate
ECOP Environmental Code of Practice
EIS Environmental Impact Statement
EMB Environmental Management Bureau
EMB CO Environmental Management Bureau Central Office
EMB RO Environmental Management Bureau Regional Office
EMD Environmental Management Division
EMP Environmental Management Plan
EO Executive Order
ERA Environmental Risk Assessment
ESA Environmental and Social Assessment
ESAF Environmental and Social Assessment Framework
FASPO Foreign-Assisted and Special Projects Office
FPIC Free and Prior Informed Consent
GEF Global Environment Facility
GNP Gross National Product
GOP Government of the Philippines
HCB Hexachlorobenzene
HDPE High-density polyethylene
IADE IWS Agro-Development Enterprise
IEC Information, Education, Communication
IPs Indigenous Peoples
IPOPs Integrated POPs Management
IRR Implementing Rules and Regulations
JSDF Japan Social Development Fund
LGU Local Government Unit
MT Metric ton
NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples
NGO Non-Government Organization
NSWMC National Solid Waste Management Commission
OCENR Office of the City Environment and Natural Resources
OP Operational Policies
PAH Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyls
PCDD Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
PCDF Polychlorinated dibenzofurans
PD Presidential Decree
PEISS Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
v
PMO Project Management Office
PMS Project Management Support
PNRI Philippine Nuclear Research Institute
POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants
PPG Project Preparation Grant
RA Republic Act
ROI Return of Investment
SA Social Assessment
SBPA Samahang Bagong Pag-unlad Association
SDP Social Development Program
ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan
SLF Sanitary Landfill Facility
SWAPP Solid Waste Management Association of the Philippines
TWG Technical Working Group
UPOPs Unintentionally-produced Persistent Organic Pollutants
WB World Bank
WB-JSDF World Bank-Japan Social Development Fund
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
1
1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. The Government of the Philippines has requested the assistance of World Bank to address
critical areas in POPs management which require immediate action. Five (5) components with
activities and sub-activities were identified. Among others, the reduction of releases of
Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) through the introduction or
adoption of best available technologies (BAT) or best environmental practice (BEP) for field
activities, piloting or demonstration was identified as one of these 5 components.
2. It is recognized that (UPOPs) are generated from open burning of wastes in dumpsite, landfill
fires and from backyard burning of municipal solid waste. When UPOPs are formed, these
chemicals contaminate the environment and persist in nature for many years to decades or even
longer.
3. To mitigate the UPOPs emission from burning domestic wastes, the UPOPs Action Plan (AP)
for LGU Legazpi is prepared under the WB-GEF Grant No. TF095839 on Integrated Persistent
Organic Pollutants (IPOPs) Management Project. The Project is led by Department of Environment
and Natural Resources (DENR), and provided with assistance from the World Bank – Global
Environment Facility (WB-GEF), GEF Grant.
4. The AP is set out to demonstrate how dioxins and furans emission gases from dumpsite and
backyard burning may be effectively reduced. In addition, the AP is viewed as an intervention to
stop solid waste burning at the community, households and other public places, it may also be
viewed as an intervention to stop the spontaneous combustion in disposal sites.
5. The AP is composed various activities with safe closure and rehabilitation of the existing
dumpsite as a major sub-activity. To attain IPOPs reduction and the target intervention, the AP has
adopted the best available technology (BAT) and best environmental practices (BEP) for reducing
UPOPs releases. Complete work and financial plans were formulated in order to fully implement
the AP.
6. Ancillary activities include the operation of the sanitary landfill and the construction of the city
materials recovery facility/composting center.
7. The AP has the potential to generate social and environmental impacts were addressed during
the UPOPs action plan implementation. The project is a Category B project. Necessary
environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) was carried out in accordance with pertinent
OP 4.01 on Environmental Assessment. All social impacts are all discussed and subsumed under
OP 4.01. Additionally, the assessment was carried out within the policy, legal, and administrative
frameworks of the Republic of the Philippines.
8. In the overall institutional framework plan, LGU Legazpi through its IPOPs Action Team (AT)
shall execute the AP and the ancillary activities where budgetary requirements for the AP are
jointly sourced/and or provided by the LGU and GEF Grant.
Project Description
9. At the onset, the sub-project has provided very clear screening technical criteria on how
investments in BAT/BEP shall be executed to cover (i) works to stop burning at dumpsites, (ii)
dumpsite closure and (iii) improvement in landfill operations to prevent burning. In the technical
criteria, menu of eligible activities are spelled out under the disposal and collection windows which
when found eligible; the implementation of such activities shall be covered under GEF Grant
funding.
10. Guided with these criteria, the LGU in close consultation and coordination with the Sub-
project Consultant, DENR and WB has crafted its overall AP, from which specific technical works
and activities are carefully selected for execution under this sub-project.
11. As a result, Table ES-1 presents the overall AP while Table ES-2 presents the summary of
activities that were selected eligible for GEF Grant.
12. Under the disposal window in the AP, the following major activities are to be implemented: (a)
activities that will stop and prevent burning at its current waste disposal facility at Sitio Caridad in
Barangay Banquerohan; and (b) activities that will expand collection coverage area to discourage
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
2
communities from backyard burning. Specifically, the 2.32-hectare Banquerohan dumpsite will be
subject to complete closure and rehabilitation. Other sub-project components include access road
with drainage system construction, site clearing, waste profiling, application of clay and topsoil
cover, perimeter slope protection, leachate collection and recirculation, gas venting, monitoring
wells, perimeter fencing , and including other necessary elements where BAT/BEP measures are
applied.
13. Under the collection window, current collection service area will be increased to cover eight
(8) more barangays by purchasing one (1) city dump truck and eight (8) motorized carts. About
5,135 households will benefit from this expansion plan, thereby incentivizing them not to burn
their wastes. The Action Plan will likewise cover advocacy programs and IEC on the avoidance of
open burning, enforcement through ordinances and citation tickets, and capacity development on
IPOP’s BAT/BEP.
14. Ancillary incudes the operations of the SLF and the city materials recovery facility/processing
center. The SLF has been issued an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) by EMB while
the city materials recovery facility/processing center shall be required to secure a separate
environmental clearance from EMB.
15. Table ES-1 shows the overall UPOP Action Plan for Legazpi City
Table ES-1: Overall UPOP Action Plan for Legazpi City
Initiatives
Specific Technical
Works and Activities and
Expenditures
GEF Exposure
(GEF Financial
Assistance)
LGU
Exposures
Sub-Total
Cost
1) Disposal Window
1.1. Prevent Future Burning Safe Closure and
Rehabilitation Plan (SCRP)
9,438,363 14,284,705 23,723,067.37
2) Collection Window
2.1 Waste Collection and
Advocacy
Purchase of collection
equipment and
implementation of various
advocacy actvities
10,700,000 19,293,500 29,993,500
2.2 Capacity Development
on UPOPs
Various capacity building
works
312,832 312,832
2.3 Capacity Development
on ESWM
Various capacity
development activities
550,000 550,000
2.4 Waste Diversion
Initiatives (Processing
and recovery)
Various Waste Processing
and recovery
5,270,855 5,270,855
2.5 Awards/Incentives
System
Provision of cash
incenyives nnd awards
1,500,000 1,500,000
2.6 Livelihood for IWS
(SDP Cost)
Provisions of various
alternatives livelihood
1,061,314 1,061,314
2.7 Monitoring, Evaluation
and Reporting
Monitoring and assessment
of Barangay ESWM and
ESMP implementation
510,000 510,000
Grand Total 20,138,363 42,783,206 62,921,569
Percent Exposure 32% 68% 100%
16. Table ES-2 presents the summary of cost estimates proposed for GEF Grant funding.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
3
Table ES-2 Summary of Cost Estimates Proposed for GEF Grant Funding
Major Cost Item
TOTAL COST
(2014-2015)
(PhP)
PROCUREMENT OF WORKS
1. DISPOSAL WINDOW
1.1 Safe Closure and Rehabilitation Plan (SCRP)
Gathering, re-grouping and stockpiling of wastes (Includes site
clearing, grading and sub-grading preparation) - "profiling"
1,775,522
Application of compacted clay cover (0.45m thick; A=8,395.56 sq.m.
2,816,882
1.1.3 Application of top soil cover (0.15m thick; A=23,220.00 sq.m.) 3,010,548
1.1.4 Turfing/vegetation (Coverage area = 23,220.00 sq.m.) 1,366,336
1.1.5 Gas venting system 52,930
1.1.6 Boundary fence (Perimeter) fencing of the South/Eastern half of the
property (300.00 l.m. (barb wire with concrete post)
416,145
SUB-TOTAL 9,438,363
PROCUREMENT OF GOODS
2 - COLLECTION WINDOW
2.1 Purchase of one (1) city dump truck and eight (8) motorized barangay waste
collection vehicles and tri-color industrial bins 3,300,000
2.2 Purchase of 1 Unit Dump Truck for garbage collection 2,900,000
2.3 Purchase of 1 Unit Dump Truck for garbage hauling 4,500,000
SUB-TOTAL 10,700,000
GRAND TOTAL 20,138,363
17. The counterpart budget by LGU Legazpi required for the implementation of this Action Plan
shall be secured or allocated as follows:
For 2015:
Continuing Appropriation for IPOPs Project
(For instance, continuing allocation of P4.3 M as counterpart to the Closure of the Open
Dumpsite)
Allocation of 20% Development Funds equivalent to P8M
(This allocation shall fund the Operation and Maintenance of SLF and Garbage Collection
Operation to include maintenance of heavy equipment and garbage collection/ hauling
trucks and other equipment, fuel, oil & lubricants, PPEs and other related expenses)
OCENR Budget for Programs and Projects equivalent to P11.3M
(This amount will fund the following:
a) needed manpower for the operation of SLF, garbage collection & disposal operation,
community organizers;
b) waste reduction activities such as MRF/composting facility operation, common
marketing operation, earth savers program;
c) Information, Education Campaign;
d) ESWM Research; and
e) Capability Development Program
For 2016:
The same budget allocation as above (for 2015) is proposed and already approved at the
Executive level for inclusion in the 2016 City Budget.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
4
18. The ESMP is prepared to support implementation of this AP and provides a clear and
sustainable management response to the identified sub-project’s social and environmental impacts.
19. In the crafting of the ESMP, the focus was with OP 4.01 under Category B. Social impacts for
the 91 members of the Informal Waste Sector (IWS) who may be deprived of livelihood source
from waste picking are subsumed under OP4.01. No land taking and relocation are required under
this sub-project.
Environmental and Socio-economic Conditions
20. Legazpi City has a land area of about 2014.20 sq. km. with the 2010 Census population of
182,201. The city is subdivided into 70 barangays of which 45 are urban barangays, while the
remaining 25 are rural barangays.
21. Based on a 2009 Waste Analysis and Characterization Study (WACS), each person in Legazpi
City generates about 0.29 kilograms (kg) of municipal solid waste per day. This figure does not yet
reflect the combined generation from households and other waste sources in the entire city.
22. Sources of domestic solid waste include residential /households 68.44 %), commercial (26.00
%), institutional (5.31 %) and market (0.25 %). Solid waste mostly consists of 58.87%
biodegradable wastes, 39.07 recyclables, 0.81% residuals and 1.25% special wastes.
23. The 2012 estimated solid waste generation is 152 m3/day, with only about two-thirds of this
total waste being collected for disposal to the existing open dumpsite. In 2012, the city has
allocated a total budget of PhP 20M for its solid waste management.
24. Legazpi City’s Open Dump Site. The dumpsite is located at Sitio Caridad in Barangay
Banquerohan at the same 16-hectare city owned property where the SLF is. The city has been
using the open dumpsite since 1998.
25. From the main road, there is an earth access road leading to the open dumpsite. The used area
was around five (5) hectares, but some portions only have thinly scattered waste (now vegetated).
The target area for closure is about 2.322-ha upon waste consolidation. Average waste fill height is
estimated to be between 8 to 15 meters. Of immediate concern is the 0.840-hectare area within this
section where most recent waste had been dumped.
26. The closure and rehabilitation of the open dumpsite is urgent. Based on LGU’s record, a big
fire happened at the western side of the old dumpsite in June 2010. The coverage of the fire was
approximately 1,000 m2 and the duration of the burning lasted for 8 hours. Early detection of fire
was observed by the Office of the City Environment and Natural Resources (OCENR) personnel
manning the landfill because of the thick smoke spotted in the site and the loathsome smell carried
by the wind and gasped by the residents living in the nearby barangays.
27. The Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) was immediately called for an early containment of fire
but the fire fighters could hardly suppress the ablaze open dumpsite. To assist BFP, the OCENR
personnel, using onsite heavy equipment hauled soil, covered the part of the dumpsite which was
sprayed with water by the fire fighters in order to stop the fire from spreading to other parts of the
dumpsite. The cause of combustion was not known but since there were no waste pickers at the
dumpsite when the burning occurred, most likely, the cause would have been a spontaneous
combustion due the very hot weather during that time.
28. To avoid further incidence of fire in the open dumpsite, the City Government intends to fully
cease in using the dumpsite once the implementation of this AP commences.
29. Legazpi City’s Sanitary Landfill. As ancillary facility to the AP, the City Government has
constructed its 2-cell, 1.4-hectare sanitary landfill adjacent to the dumpsite at Barangay
Banquerohan. The SLF is ready for full operation.
30. As of September 2015, actual percentage usage of this SLF is 30.39%, equivalent to 61,998
cu.m. actual landfilled residual waste + soil cover against the combined capacity of cell 1 and cell
2 (including air space) of 204,015 cu.m. Based on this actual usage, the remaining capacity for
landfilling is 69.61% or equivalent to 142,017 cu.m. which will extend the life service of the
sanitary landfill of up 3 or more years.
31. For the proposed construction of Cell 3, LGU Legazpi has undertaken cadastral mapping of the
prospective site for Phase 3. Land acquisition shall be implemented in 2016
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
5
32. IWS Sector in Legazpi City. The effects of UPOPs to the general public and to the members of
the IWS’s health and environment are serious concerns that require short- and long-term long
mitigation measures.
33. As of March 2014, the latest number of the IWS at the open dumpsite is 95. The waste
pickers came from four nearby barangays, namely, Banquerohan, San Francisco, Bariis and
Cagbacong, all of which are administratively part of Legazpi City. Majority of them are married
and work either as individuals or as family groups. They are between 7 to 70 years old, and
majority only finished elementary education. The daily needs of waste pickers depend on waste
picking since most are farm tillers and/or tenants. Their income ranges between PhP 1,000 and
3,000 per month, which is meagre for households with 3 to 7 members.
34. With pending closure of the dumpsite and operation of the SLF, the IWS members were
organized into an association called ‘Bagong Buhay’ (New Life) Association. It is planned that the
IWS will be engaged in long term livelihood activities depending on their skills and likes, such as
livestock raising, vegetable/upland rice farming, and others. Their livelihood projects will be
funded under this AP.
35. Latest series of consultation meetings conducted in the second quarter of 2015 noted around 71
IWS who signified their interests to participate in the livelihood projects offered to 95 IWS in the
SDP. Employment is the main reason for the reduction in number of interested IWS.
Impacts and Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
36. Since 1998, the City’s open dumpsite is known to generate significant risk and adverse impacts
to public health and the environment. The open dumpsite is currently (a) contaminating
groundwater and surface waters, (b) pollute the air through emissions of landfill gases and
persistent organic pollutants (during episodes of dumpsite fire), (c) cause airborne and waterborne
diseases through carriers of diseases such as insects, vermin and other potential carriers of
diseases, and (d) devalue properties, among others.
37. The UPOPs Action Plan is viewed as a one stop shop plan consisting of focused mitigation,
and enhancement measures to address (1) the current problem of open dumping and (2) all
accompanying environmental pollutions and social effects being caused by the use of open
dumpsite. With this as the backdrop, screening of environmental impacts is made through a review
of all activities associated with various activities proposed under the disposal and collections
windows of this AP against no project scenario.
38. The plan is viewed as enhancement measure. The AP shall has no potential further gneertae
impacts and risks to environmental conservation and/or protection since the dumpsite area is
already an ecologically disturbed site. The area is not located in an environmentally sensitive and
precious ecology. With the AP in place, rehabilitation of the disturbed area of the open dumpsite
and its restoration towards better environmental conditions is expected to be achieved in due time.
39. During the formulation of this AP, basic design elements for the closure of the open dumpsite
with incorporation of BAT/BEP are incorporated, namely: (i) stabilization of steep slopes to
prevent erosion hazards, (ii) the implementation of leachate and gas management systems, (iii) the
design of the final cover, (iv) measures to prevent future illegal dumping at the site, (v) plan for
affected members of the IWS, (vi) installation of monitoring wells and (vii) security measures to
prevent unauthorized access to the closed site. As mentioned, consideration of these technical
elements comprise the necessary elements of the ESMP for the sub-project.
40. In summary, the ESMP for this sub-project is developed to effectively manage the
environmental issues. The plan includes: (i) mitigating measures to address the environmental and
social impacts; (ii) public consultations, disclosure and grievance redress; (iii) required monitoring
associated with the mitigating measures; and, (iv) institutional arrangements. ESMP covers the
pre-construction, construction, and operation phases.
ESMP Execution, Monitoring and Supervision
41. LGU Legazpi is directly responsible for the implementation of all activities in the AP
including ESMP. The DENR IPOPs PMO is responsible for project supervision and oversight of
implementation and DENR Regional office is in-charge of issuing ECC (for the ancillary
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
6
activities) and monitoring compliance to ESMP. The sub-Project Contractor will be responsible in
carrying out all the activities that will assigned to them with diligent compliance to ESMP. ESMP
execution will be part of their Contractual Obligation.
42. In the ESMP, the post closure management program is embedded as part of the sustainability
plan for the sub-project. Thus, under the sustainability plan, the AP’s continued maintenance and
ESMP monitoring are proposed to be undertaken for a period of at least five (5) years.
43. The cost of the Action Plan and ESMP are all considered in this AP.
44. The AP will be subject to periodic performance monitoring to ensure that ESMP are
implemented. Site-specific measures and environmental and social monitoring parameters as
indicated in this document are to be periodically supervised and monitored.
Consultation and Participation
45. The sub-project planning and the subsequent impact assessment document preparation of the
AP recognized the need for a meaningful public consultation and participation as central to an
effective ESMP. Within the context of “meaningful consultation”, LGU Legazpi initiated a process
of consultation during AP preparation.
46. During the AP preparation, LGU Legazpi with technical guidance and assistance from DENR,
the Consultants and WB has conducted Public Consultation (PC) in various occasions and
information disclosure at each phases of the AP development. During the conduct of the PCs, the
details of the sub-project components were presented to the stakeholders and their views on the
respective proposals were requested and solicited and later incorporated in the overall planning and
design of the AP. Stakeholders expressed support to the proposed UPOPs Action Plan.
47. The PCs and public disclosure initiatives at various stages of the plan development is presented
in Table ES-3.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
7
Table ES-3: Public Consultations and Disclosure at Various of the
UPOPs Action Plan Formulation
Activities
Public
Consultations
Executed
Public
Disclosure
Executed
Yes No Yes No
1. Baseline Survey Updating of Current Waste
Pickers √
2. Assessment Study of Previous Waste Pickers LGU
Legazpi City-AECID ESWMP Livelihood
Beneficiaries and Current Waste Pickers
√
3. Consultation/Dialogue/Meeting with Waste Pickers √
4. Preparation of Key Results Areas Activity Details
for Inclusion in the Social Development Plan √
√
5. Conduct of Social Assessment Survey √
6. Skills and Capacity Development and Enhancement
of Waste Pickers √
√
7. IEC Campaign on IPOPs Management Project √
8. Formation/Organization of Implementation Team
for Projects to Waste Pickers √
√
9. Organization of Waste Pickers and Organizational
Strengthening √
10. Strategic Development Planning √
11. Preparation of Detailed Engineering Design of
Closure of the Dumpsite √
√
12. Bidding and Procurement √
13. Engineering and Construction Works √
14. Conduct of Regular Consultation/Coordination
Meeting To be done
To be
done
15. Progress Report, Monitoring and Evaluation
Report Preparation To be done
To be
done
Grievance Redress Mechanism
48. In the grievance redress mechanism, complaints about environmental and social performance
of the proposed sub-project during the construction and operation phases shall be handled by the
Office of the City Mayor though the Office of the City Environment and Natural Resources
(OCENR), the specific entity that is tasked to receive social and environment-related complaints.
49. Grievance and complaints will be handled through expeditious consultations between OCENR
– Office of the City Mayor, and the sub-project affected people or entity with the end view of
arriving at consensus resolutions of the problem.
50. Special feature of the Grievance Redress Mechanism is that the sub-project affected people or
entity will be exempted from all administrative and legal fees incurred pursuant to the grievance
redress procedures. All complaints received in writing (or written when received verbally) from the
sub-project affected people or entity will be documented and shall be acted upon immediately.
51. Details of the assigned personnel and office that will handle grievance redress are as follows:
Position Person In-Charge Address/Contact Nos.
Project Manager Mrs. Salve B. Corral
City ENRO
Office of the City Environment & Natural
Resources (OCENR), Motorpool
Compound, Airport Road, Legazpi City
Tel. No.-480-3349
CP No.- 09088679837
GRMO Ms. Lilian P. Calla
Proj. Devt, Officer/
Livelihood Officer
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
8
Conclusion and Recommendation
52. This AP is essential for Legazpi City’s holistic and integrated solid waste management as it
will address the city’s sustainable SWM. Once the sub-project and the ancillary projects are
implemented, Legazpi City will serve as a model for holistic SWM and more importantly, an LGU
as actual demonstration area in the reduction of UPOPs. The estimated implementation period is
from 2014 to 2016 while sustainability plan extends five years more from 2016.
53. Analysis of potential environmental and social impacts and risk revealed that the sub-project,
when implemented, could result to more positive social and environmental impacts which
significantly outweigh the sub-project’s potential adverse impacts. The ESMP will reduce a
number of adverse environmental impacts arising from the city’s practice of open dumping. The
ESMP is doable which includes the required basic technical elements of doing an environment
friendly means of closing and rehabilitating an open dumpsite. These elements are enumerated
below vis-à-vis their purpose and mitigation importance.
Elements of UPOPs Action Plan
(Closure and Rehabilitation of
the Open Dumpsite)
Purpose and Mitigation Importance
1) Stabilization of critical slopes;
Avoidance of dangerously high heaps of garbage thus
reducing hazards from unstable slopes and garbage slides
2) Final cover;
The soil cover serves various mitigation purposes, namely:
• Reduce infiltration of water into the disposal area;
• Reduce gas migration;
• Prevent burrowing animals from damaging the cover;
• Prevent the emergence of insects/rodents from the
compacted refuse;
• Minimize the escape of odours, and;
• Support vegetation
3) Drainage control systems;
Prevent soil erosion, garbage slide and scouring of the soil
cover cause by run-on and runoff of surface waters
4) Leachate and gas management
systems;
Avoidance of water pollution (both ground surface waters)
by collecting and treating the leachate within the limits of
local water quality standards
5) Fire control;
The landfill gas will be vented freely to the environment
thus lessening the impact of leachate on soil and surface
waters; Avoidance of methane gas accumulation and
consequently the avoidance of fires on dumpsites
6) Prevention of illegal dumping;
Avoidance of attempts to dispose of wastes especially that
SLF will be made readily available for more environment
friendly disposal of wastes
7) Resettlement action plan;
Provision of alternative livelihoods for affected members of
IWS; improved socio-economic conditions of affected IWS
8) Security Avoidance of illegal entries of people to the closed
dumpsite; Avoidance of fire or burning of waste at closed
dumpsite
54. With tailor made site specific ESMP that will address all potential adverse impacts and at the
same time promote social and environmental enhancement measures, the sub-project can be
implemented in an environmentally sound manner.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
9
2.0 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR PHILIPPINE
POPS MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING
2.1 Environment
55. As POPs exist in different media and their control can be addressed through various
Philippine pollution control laws, the local policy, legal, and administrative frameworks relevant to
this UPOs Action Plan include the following laws and regulations: (i) PD 1586 - Establishing the
Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System, (ii) Republic Act No.9275 - Philippine Clean
Water Act of 2004, (iii) RA 6969 -Toxic substances & Hazardous & Nuclear Waste Control Act of
1990, (iv) RA 8749 - Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999, and (v) RA 9003 - Act Providing for an
Ecological Solid Waste Management Program.
56. Relevant laws and regulations specific to municipal solid waste management and addressing
the prevention of fires at dumpsites have been in existence by virtue of DAO 98-49 Technical
Guidelines For Municipal Solid Waste Disposal and DAO 2001-34 (IRR of RA 9003), and DAO
2006-09 (General Guidelines in the Closure and Rehabilitation of Open Dumpsites and Controlled
Dump Facilities)
57. For environment assessment of the UPOPS Action Plan, Presidential Decree 1584 or the
Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System (PEISS) established the Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) is the relevant law. The Philippine environmental assessment system conforms
to WB’s OP 4.01 on environmental assessment requirements.
2.2 Social
58. Under the Philippine setting, there is no single policy that governs all aspects of land
acquisition, compensation and resettlement. Below are the enumeration of key legal and
administrative instruments most relevant to involuntary resettlement that are currently in force
locally:
The Philippine Constitution;
The Civil Code;
The Local Government Code (RA 7160);
The Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (RA 7381) and also specifically, Section 59,
Certification Precondition,
The Urban Development and Housing Act (RA 7279)
PD 856 Sanitation Code.
Supreme Court Ruling (1987) defining just compensation
DPWH DO 142 (1995): Aims to avoid unnecessary delays in civil works. Inclusion of
parcellary plans & cost estimates for ROW acquisition in detailed engineering stage.
EO 1035 & MO 65 on the acquisition and compensation of private properties
RA 6389: on disturbance compensation to agricultural leases
Executive Order 1035 (1985) provisions on land expropriation
RA 8974 (2000): on ensuring prompt payment of just compensation
SECTION 5. Standards for the Assessment of the Value of the Land Subject of
Expropriation Proceedings or Negotiated Sale
2.3 Relevant World Bank Safeguard Policies
59. Operational Policy (OP) 4.01 (Environmental Assessment) is triggered in this sub-project since
there are potential adverse environmental impacts that are necessary to address and minimize. The
policy addresses the negative environmental impacts during UPOPS Action Plan implementation.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
10
60. Operational Policy (OP) 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement) is not triggered as there is no land
taking is necessary to implement the sub-project. The social impact on livelihood provision for
affected members of the IWS is subsumed under OP 4.01 with the end view of giving fair and
humane arrangements with the affected IWS. No resettlement is required for the sub-project.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
11
3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 Project Background and Purpose of the UPOPs Action Plan
61. Open burning of waste is the largest source of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic
Pollutants (UPOPs) such as dioxins and furans in the Philippines. Majority of the emissions result
from dumpsite/landfill fires and from the backyard burning of municipal solid waste and other
materials (e.g. electronic waste or cables) by households and recyclers. When formed, UPOPs are
released along with other pollutants such as heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and
fine particles (PM), which eventually contaminate the environment (air, soil and sediments). Via
bioaccumulation, UPOPs as well as heavy metals are carried on in biota and in the food chain
including e.g. chicken and cattle around these open burning areas. Finally humans are exposed to
UPOPs e.g., via meat, milk and eggs.
62. Therefore, the open burning of waste need to be reduced and eliminated by appropriate
measures to reduce and eliminate UPOPs contamination of the environment, the food chain, and
for the ultimate protection of human health. This may be addressed through, but not limited to,
proper disposal management, improvement of ecological solid waste management (ESWM)
services and coverage areas and awareness campaigns on UPOPs and other pollutants, which
encompass the application of Best Available Technologies (BAT) and Best Environmental
Practices (BEP).
63. Dioxins and other POPs are regulated internationally by the Stockholm Convention on
Persistent Organic Pollutants (www.pops.int). It promotes global action on an initial cluster of
twelve POP substances, with an overall objective to protect human health and the environment
from POPs and requires Parties to take measures to eliminate or reduce the release of POPs into the
environment. At the fourth, fifth and sixth meetings of the Conference of the Parties in 2009, 2011
and 2013, respectively, a total of 11 new substances or substance groups were added to the
Convention. The Philippines has been a Party to the Convention since February 2004 and is
currently updating the National Implementation Plan also addressing the newly listed POPs.
64. According to the Convention, Parties are required to take measures to reduce, and if feasible,
eliminate releases from unintentional formation of dioxin (the substance groups listed in Annex 1
of the Convention). The Stockholm Convention also foresees identification and safe management
of stockpiles containing or consisting of POPs. Waste consisting of, or containing, or contaminated
by POPs should be disposed of in such a way that the POP contents are destroyed or irreversibly
transformed so that they do not exhibit the characteristics of POP. Where destruction or
irreversible transformation does not represent the environmentally preferable option or POP
content is low, waste should be disposed of in an environmentally sound manner. Developing
countries face a range of challenges with these activities due to limited management and
destruction capacity1.
65. The UPOPs Action Plan for Legazpi City in its participation to demonstrate the reduction of
UPOPs from solid waste through the application of BAT and BEP covers the reduction of UPOPs
(including polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) from solid waste
dumpsite burning as well as backyard burning by communities. The demonstration falls under
Activity 2.3 of the Integrated Persistent Organic Pollutants (IPOPs) Management Project, which is
led by Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), and provided with assistance
from the World Bank – Global Environment Facility (WB-GEF), GEF Grant No. TF095839.
66. Funding for activities including longer term planning activities will be provided by GEF Grant
and from the local government unit (LGU) budget.
1 Weber R, Aliyeva G, Vijgen J. (2013) The need for an integrated approach to the global challenge of POPs
management. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 20, 1901-1906. DOI 10.1007/s11356-012-1247-8 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11356-012-1247-8.pdf
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
12
3.2 Preparation and endorsement of the UPOPs Action Plan
67. The UPOPs Action Plan has been prepared by the LGU-Legazpi City, through its Local IPOPs
Action Team with technical assistance from World Bank-Global Environment Facility (WB-GEF)
and DENR IPOPs Management Project. Discussions on the city’s situation and exchanges of ideas
on how to address UPOPs through proper ESWM were undertaken by the Legazpi City IPOPs
Action Team, consultants from WB-GEF IPOPs Management Project and the DENR. Interviews
and validation of data were conducted to properly develop standardized baseline questionnaires.
Joint findings and observations by the consultants were incorporated and items found in waste
management reports were also included. These were transmitted back to the Action Team for final
checking, review and encoding before final documentation.
68. The IPOPs Project Implementation Plan, as well as the city’s 10-year Solid Waste
Management Plan (SWMP), Safe Closure and Rehabilitation Plan (SCRP), Survey on waste
pickers, and the UPOPs Questionnaire for LGUs all served as reference materials for the
development of this Action Plan in an integrated approach.
3.3 Overall solid waste management goals
69. In compliance with the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (Republic Act 9003), LGU-
Legazpi prepared a 10-year SWMP to provide the overall direction for ESWM implementation in
the city.
70. The city’s SWMP ensures the protection of public health, environment, and sets guidelines and
targets for solid waste prevention and volume reduction through source reduction and waste
minimization measures. As shown in Figure 3.1, SWMP presents a progressive vision for
managing solid waste in the city that emphasizes segregation at source, waste reduction, reuse,
composting and recycling, collection and transfer, education and public information, assesses
existing programs and implements feasible actions towards a clean and green environment.
71. RA 9003 also foresees the gradual phase out, closure and rehabilitation of dumpsites as well as
the construction and operation of sanitary landfills for which the LGUs are tasked to implement. In
response to this, the LGU has prepared a full SCRP for Banquerohan dumpsite with detailed
engineering designs and program of works. This checklist has been submitted to EMB Regional
Office No. 5 to which receipt has been acknowledged.
72. Within this context, the IPOPs Project is seen as a support mechanism for the city to
implement interventions to stop solid waste burning at the community, households and other public
places and spontaneous combustion in disposal site, adopt best available technology and best
environmental practices for reducing UPOPs releases, fully implement the safe closure and
rehabilitation of the dumpsite, address potential environmental and social impacts of the sub-
project (i.e., impacts of the technologies), and approaches that will be used and the effects of sub-
project activities on the structures, livelihoods and other assets of waste pickers.
73. The LGU also sees the Local IPOPs Action Plan to complement the provisions of the local
SWMP. The plan shall provide specific steps that the City will adopt to advocate against and
control open burning of household wastes, expand the collection coverage area, fully close and
rehabilitate the dumpsite to prevent open burning, and to support a city-wide information,
education and communication (IEC) campaign on unintentional release of POPs.
3.4 Screening and Selection of Specific Action Plan for GEF and LGU Funding
3.4.1 Criteria for the Selection of Sub-Project Activities Eligible for GEF Funding
74. In the determination of the sub-project activities that are eligible for GEF Grant Funding, the
sub-project has provided a menu of technical alternatives and assistance for disposal and collection
windows, respectively, as screening guidance and criteria to the LGU. Guided with these criteria,
the LGU in close consultation and coordination with the sub-project Consultant, DENR and WB
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
13
Figure 3.1: Overall waste management framework of Legazpi City
has selected specific technical works and activities for execution under this sub-project. Table 3.1
and Table 3.2 provide these menus of technical alternatives and assistance for disposal and
collection windows, respectively.
Table 3.1: Menu of Technical Alternatives and Assistance for Disposal Window
Initiative Indicative
Activities/Expenditures
Indicative Technical
Assistance
I. Arrest Current Burning Soil cover
Fire suppression foams and
equipment to stop burning and
reshape /cap burning dumpsite
areas
Site assessment and
advisory services
Training for landfill
operators and fire
departments on fire
detection and suppression
II. Prevent Future Burning
A. Landfill/Dumpsite
Operations
Soil cover
Equipment for compaction
and cover
Training on operation of
landfill and landfill gas
facilities to prevent
burning
B. Full Closure of
Dumpsite
Soil Cover
Works for effective
compaction and cover
Landfill gas management
Enhancement of dump
closure plan
Technical advice during
dump closure
C. Improved Security
Improved security
Safety and waste inspection
systems
Establishment of rules and
procedures to prevent
ignition from scavenges,
hot or ignitable wastes
Maintenance work
*For LGUs with burning dumpsites
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
14
Table 3.2: Menu of Technical Alternatives and Assistance for Collection Window*
Initiative Indicative Activities/Expenditures Indicative Technical Assistance
Advocacy
Advocacy materials and dissemination
campaigns to reduce burning and
explain health and environmental issues
Consultations and advocacy
strategy
Enforcement
Logistical, technical support equipment
and other goods for improved
monitoring and enforcement
Drafting of LGU ordinances,
resolutions and guidelines
Technical
Collection trucks
Collection bins, community collection
stations
Repair and maintenance equipment and
facilities
Composting as an alternative to burning
for areas without collection
Logistical optimization of
collection systems
Design of new collection
approach
Training on good collection
practices and operation and
maintenance
*For areas with significant backyard burning
3.4.2 Selected UPOPs Action Plan for Implementation
75. Guided with the menu of technical alternatives and assistance for disposal and collection
windows, the UPOPs action plan was formulated by the LGU Legazpi City. The Overall UPOP
Action Plan and Sustainability Plan for implementation for the years 2014 to 2019 is presented in
Table 3.3.
76. Table 3.4 provides the summary of activities to be funded under GEF Grant. For Legazpi
City, the spread of the UPOP Action Plan that will be procured covers i) the prevention of future
burning under the disposal window; ii) expansion of collection coverage, advocacy and
enforcement under the collection window. To ensure sustainability of these initiatives, the LGU
shall provide the necessary implementation support comprising of social and environmental
enhancement programs, waste diversion initiatives, project monitoring and evaluation, provision of
awards and incentives and other human and fund compliments.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
15
Table 3.3.: Overall UPOP Action Plan and Sustainability Plan (1of 3)
Windows Initiatives Specific Technical Works and Activities and Expenditures
LGU Legazpi Exposure
GEF Exposure (GEF Financial
Assistance) UPOPs Action Plan Sustainability Phase (Indicative Costs) TOTAL LGU EXPOSURES 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2014-2015-2016
1 Disposal Window
1.1 Prevent Future Burning
1.1.1 Safe Closure and Rehabilitation Plan (SCRP)
1.1.1.1 Closure of Open Dumpsite
a) Gathering, re-grouping and stockpiling of wastes (Includes site clearing, grading and sub-grading preparation) - "profiling"
1,775,521.98
b) Application of compacted clay cover (0.45m thick; A=8,395.56 sq.m.)
2,816,882.44
c) Application of top soil cover (0.15m thick; A = 23,220.00 sq.m.)
3,010,547.63
d) Turfing/vegetation (Coverage area = 23,220.00 sq.m.)
1,366,335.73
e) Gas venting system
52,929.68
f) Boundary fence (Perimeter) fencing of the South/Eastern half of the property (300.00 l.m. (barb wire with concrete post)
416,145.25
g) Leachate collection system (Integrated design w/ filters & cushion, HDPE pipes & fittings w/ HDPE leachate manhole and include trench excavation)
2,052,032.93 2,052,032.93
h) Leachate recirculation tank (1-unit, 6.00m x 6.00m x 2.80m)
710,302.62 710,302.62
i) Monitoring well (Includes Concrete Apron & Barrier Post)
111,491.46 111,491.46
j) Construction of access road (For closure and rehabilitation works as well future use/development )
735,557.82
735,557.82
k) Drainage system and backfill (In preparation of leachate collection system)
675,319.83
675,319.83
1.1.1.2 Maintenance of closed/rehabilitated dumpsite 300,000.00 350,000.00 400,000.00 450,000.00 500,000.00 2,000,000.00
a) Leachate re-circulation
b) Vegetation/Landscaping
c) Monitoring of leachate and gas emission
d) Repair of eroded slopes and ditches for water surface runoff
1.1.2 Operation and Maintenance of Existing SLF (Phase 1) (Life service: 2013-2017)
1.1.2.1 Operation & maintenance of SLF Phase I (Manpower, fuel, oil & lubricants, maintenance of heavy equipment, PPEs, Etc.)
3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,100,000.00 3,400,000.00 3,700,000.00 4,000,000.00 4,300,000.00 27,500,000.00
1.1.2.2 Closure/Final Capping/Landscaping and maintenance of SLF-Phase I
Budget integrated in Item No. 1, B-1.1
1.1.3 Development of SLF Phase II (Life Service:2018-2023)
1.1.3.1 Lot negotiation
1.1.3.2 Purchase of lot and preparation of detailed engineering design and program of works
1,000,000.00
1,000,000.00
1.1.3.3 Mobilization and construction of SLF Phase II 10,000,000.00 10,000,000.00
20,000,000.00
1.1.3.4 Operation and maintenance
Budget integrated in Item No. 1, B-1.1
1.1.4 Development of SLF Phase III (Planning starts 2 years before the closure of SLF Phase II)
Budget integrated in Item No. 2
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
16
Table 3.3.: Overall UPOP Action Plan and Sustainability Plan (2of 3)
Windows Initiatives Specific Technical Works and Activities and Expenditures
LGU Legazpi Exposure
GEF Exposure (GEF Financial
Assistance)
UPOPs Action Plan Sustainability Phase (Indicative Costs) TOTAL LGU EXPOSURES 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2014-2015-2016
2
Collection Window
2.1 Expansion of collection coverage to 21 remaining barangays
2.1.1 Garbage collection on existing 49 covered barangays
2.1.1.1 Existing IEC Initiatives
a) Advocacy on ESWM on existing 49 covered barangays 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 650,000.00
b) Collection of segregated waste from the barangays (manpower, fuel, oil & lubricants, maintenance of collection/hauling trucks, PPEs, Etc.)
6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 48,000,000.00
2.1.2 Expansion of waste collection coverage to 21 remaining barangays
2.1.2.1Advocacy of ESWM to expanded barangays (2014-2015 - 8 barangays; 2016 - 7 barangays; 2017 - 6 barangays)
82,100.00 80,000.00 80,000.00 Budget integrated in Item No. 2, A-1 242,100.00
2.1.2.2Purchase of the following facilities/equipment to cover the waste collection in 21 remaining barangays
a) Purchase of city dump truck/maintenance
180,000.00 3,200,000.00 220,000.00 240,000.00 250,000.00 4,090,000.00 9,900,000.00
b) Purchase of barangay waste collection vehicle/maintenance by the barangays
840,000.00 720,000.00
1,560,000.00 800,000.00
c)
Purchase of tri-color bins/maintenance by the barangays
288,000.00 147,000.00 108,000.00
543,000.00
2.2 Advocacy on UPOPs 2.2.1 Advocacy Programs and IEC on the avoidance of open burning
2.2.1.1 Development and Reproduction of IEC materials on UPOPs
305,400.00
305,400.00
2.2.1.2 Orientation meetings to communities of all barangays
378,000.00
378,000.00
2.2.1.3Public awareness campaign on UPOPs through radio plugging
90,000.00
90,000.00
2.3 Enforcement 2.3.1 Production/Reproduction of citation tickets/ Enforcement of ESWM/UPOPs ordinances
75,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 375,000.00
2.4 Capacity Development on UPOPs
2.4.1 IPOPs BAT/BEP Training Seminar to IPOPs Action Team and Support Offices
17,500.00
17,500.00
2.4.2 Training on UPOPs and Dumpsite SCRP for facility workers
5,640.00
5,640.00
2.4.3 Seminar-Workshop on UPOPs and Barangay-Level BAT/BEP options to include Resource Persons' honoraria, travel and accommodation, etc.
289,692.00
289,692.00
2.5 Capacity Development on ESWM
2.5.1 Training/Seminars/Observation Tours for Staff Development 150,000.00 150,000.00 150,000.00 150,000.00 150,000.00 150,000.00 150,000.00 150,000.00 1,200,000.00
2.6 Waste Diversion Initiatives (Processing and recovery)
2.6.1 Ecological Waste Management Center (MOOE, PS) 2.6.2 City Composting Facility (MOOE, PS) 2.6.3 City Common Marketing Facility cum Livelihood & Training Center (MOOE, PS) 2.6.4 LegazpiCity Earth Savers Program implementation to 10 participating schools and expansion to other schools within the city 2.6.5 Plastic for Rice Project (Residual Plastic) 2.6.6 Research/Development of other alternative technologies on waste reduction/processing/recycling
266,220.00 250,000.00 250,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 2,266,220.00
916,545.00 916,545.00 916,545.00 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 7,749,635.00
261,000.00 261,000.00 261,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 2,283,000.00
100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 1,300,000.00
50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 400,000.00
174,000.00 174,000.00 174,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 1,022,000
2.7 Awards/Incentives System 2.7.1 Provision of cash/in kind incentives to best performing barangays, Eco Aides, Eco Waste Managers, schools and institutions on ESWM implementation
500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00 4,000,000.00
2.8 Other Personal Services (Technical/Administrative) Lumpsum
2.8.1 Salaries and wages of staff 2.8.2 Benefits and overtime 2.8.3 Other logistical expenses
3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 15,000,000.00
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
17
Table 3.3.: Overall UPOP Action Plan and Sustainability Plan (3 of 3)
Windows Initiatives Specific Technical Works and Activities and
Expenditures
LGU Legazpi Exposure GEF Exposure
(GEF Financial Assistance)
Other Sources (JSDF/SWAPP,
BCDI, IWS Ben., Others)
UPOPs Action Plan Sustainability Phase (Indicative Costs) TOTAL LGU EXPOSURES
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2014-2015-2016
2014-2015
2.9.1 Livelihood Projects for IWS
1,061,314 797,394.00
2.9 Social & Environmental Enhancement Program
2.9.2 Support to Livelihood Project of IWS 2.9.3 Development of Nursery for
forestry/ornamental plants 2.9.4 Support to/Development of community-based
livelihood programs
50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 250,000.00
200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 1,000,000.00
50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 350,000.00
2.10 Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting
2.10.1IPOPs Project Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting
2.10.2 Monitoring and assessment of Barangay ESWM implementation
180,000.00 180,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 860,000.00
50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 650,000.00
GRAND TOTAL 11,517,765.00 15,026,048.65
14,975,472.01
26,922,000.00 30,133,000.00 16,595,000.00 16,965,000.00 17,325,000.00 150,459,285.66
42,783,206
150,459,285.66 20,138,363
Summary of Percent Exposure % LGU Exposure = (42,783,206/62,921,569) x 100 =
68%% % GEF Grant Exposure = (20,138,363/42,783,206) x 100
= 32%
Total UPOP AP = 42,783,206 + 20,138,363
= 62,921,569
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
18
Table 3.4: Summary of Cost Estimates Proposed for GEF-Funding
Major Cost Item
TOTAL COST
(2014-2015)
(PhP)
PROCUREMENT OF WORKS
1. DISPOSAL WINDOW
1.1 Safe Closure and Rehabilitation Plan (SCRP)
Gathering, re-grouping and stockpiling of wastes (Includes site
clearing, grading and sub-grading preparation) - "profiling"
1,775,522
Application of compacted clay cover (0.45m thick; A=8,395.56 sq.m.
2,816,882
1.1.3 Application of top soil cover (0.15m thick; A=23,220.00 sq.m.) 3,010,548
1.1.4 Turfing/vegetation (Coverage area = 23,220.00 sq.m.) 1,366,336
1.1.5 Gas venting system 52,930
1.1.6 Boundary fence (Perimeter) fencing of the South/Eastern half of the
property (300.00 l.m. (barb wire with concrete post)
416,145
SUB-TOTAL 9,438,363
PROCUREMENT OF GOODS
2 - COLLECTION WINDOW
2.1 Purchase of one (1) city dump truck and eight (8) motorized barangay waste
collection vehicles and tri-color industrial bins 3,300,000
2.2 Purchase of 1 Unit Dump Truck for garbage collection 2,900,000
2.3 Purchase of 1 Unit Dump Truck for garbage hauling 4,500,000
SUB-TOTAL 10,700,000
GRAND TOTAL 20,138,363
3.5 Description of Activities Under Disposal Window
77. For the disposal window, the City Government intends to minimize environmental impacts,
including the reduction of UPOPs emissions from unintentional waste burning, by applying BAT/BEP
in the closure and rehabilitation of the Banquerohan Dumpsite. This includes access road with drainage
system, site clearing, waste profiling, application of clay and topsoil cover, perimeter slope protection,
leachate collection and recirculation, gas venting, monitoring wells and perimeter fencing.
78. Description of the selected UPOPs activities under the disposal window are described in Table 3.5.
Table 3.5: Description of Activities under the Disposal Window
Activities Description
1) Construction of access
road with drainage
system
An internal access road will be concreted to support smooth closure
and rehabilitation works as well as for future use/development, e.g.,
centralized composting facility. It will include a drainage system to
divert surface runoff away from the dumpsite. Activities include sub-
grade preparation, base correction and shoulder construction as well
as pouring of 0.20-m thick concrete over 540 m2 road.
2) Trench excavation and
backfill
As part of site preparations, about 1,612.50 m3 of earth will be
excavated and backfilled. This is done primarily in preparation for
laying out the leachate collection and recirculation system and partly
for clearing waste deposits.
3) Site clearing and waste
profiling: Gathering, re-
grouping, grading and
sub-grade preparation
The site will be cleared while waste deposits will be consolidated.
Waste will be pushed to a manageable area of 2.322 hectares for final
closure activities. Cut-and-fill method of grading of waste will apply.
Total amount of spilled waste will still have to be estimated but target
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
19
Activities Description
final slope will be 1:3. Whenever applicable, IWS will be hired to
provide unskilled manpower.
4) Application of
intermediate/final soil
cover (clay and topsoil)
Final cover consists of a 45-cm compacted soil and 15cm thick loose
topsoil. Clayey soil is available at the site. A backhoe and a truck will
be used to excavate and haul these inert materials for use as
intermediate/final soil cover. A bulldozer will be used to apply,
spread and compact clayey soil for top/side embankment over
8,395.56 m2 of dumpsite area with recent waste dumping. Other
sections within the 23,220 m2 dumpsite is already covered with
clayey soil and will just be subject to waste compaction. A 0.15-cm
of topsoil will then be loosely applied to the entire area.
5) Perimeter slope
protection
To further protect slope stability, a 3-m bench will be graded and
planted with wedella grass (also known as creeping peanut) over
972.2 lineal meters of dumpsite perimeter. This will be applied from
0 to 3m along the slope from the base, which covers an area of
2,916.60 m2.
6) Leachate collection
system with HDPE pipes
and fittings, manhole and
leachate recirculation
The design of leachate collection and gas extraction system is done in
one module, i.e., gas extraction pipes are mounted over and along
leachate drainage lines. A manhole will be provided to allow for
leachate recirculation thereby allowing for earlier gas production.
7) Installation of gas
venting system
As shown in Figure 6, nine (9) units of perforated 100 mm diameter
schedule 20 G.I. landfill gas extraction pipes will be placed about 50
m apart (or less) from each other. Estimated length of these pipes is 6
m but may vary depending on actual depth of the waste, which
includes the portions buried in waste, soil cover layers and the
exposed venting section. Each pipe is placed in concentricity with a
gravel-filled dry well for protection and enhanced gas collection.
8) Installation of two (2)
units of monitoring wells
Upstream and downstream monitoring wells shall be installed at the
site to monitor any environmental impacts caused by the development
works during closure. The wells will have concrete apron and barrier
post. These wells will also serve for long-term post-closure
monitoring of water quality around the site in preparation for future
land use plans.
9) Installation of boundary
(perimeter) fence
About 300 lineal meters of fence will be installed along the southern
and eastern periphery of the dumpsite. The fence will also serve as
demarcation line of the boundary of the government property. This
will consist of concrete post spaced 3 m apart with barbwires placed
at 0.2 to 0.3 m intervals.
3.6 Description of Activities Under Collection Window
79. One of the UPOPs activities proposed for GEF funding under the collection window is the
purchased of goods as follows:
Purchase of 4.5 m3 city dump truck for expansion of service area to 8 more barangays.
Purchase of eight (8) units of motorized barangay waste collection vehicles/carts
80. Measures to discourage open burning by households, establishments and recyclers will be
implemented and financed by the City Government of Legazpi City under the framework of the SWM
Plan. The prevention of burning of solid wastes at the source community will involve the following
improvements: waste segregation, composting, recycling, collection efficiency, IEC, establish linkages
with waste consolidators, and continual monitoring of solid waste burning.
81. Enhancing the regulatory and enforcement framework for restriction of open burning to prevent the
occurrence of backyard burning in households, establishments and institutions, the Local Chief
Executive will issue an Executive Order directing all the barangays to implement and/or enforce the
ordinance prohibiting the open burning (CO No. 017-2009). The Executive Order will explain the
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
20
background and rationale of the EO as well as the guidelines in implementing/enforcing the EO. A
more specific guideline or process for its implementation and/or enforcement will also be prepared.
Brochures and/or flyers will also be produced that will serve as materials for the information, education
and communication campaign.
82. Advocacy Programs and IEC on the avoidance of open burning to raise the awareness of the
residents and communities regarding the IPOPs Project and negative effect and impact of open burning
to human health and the environment, the City will conduct information, education and communication
(IEC) campaign activities. Brochures and/or flyers will be developed and reproduced by the City to
serve as materials for its information, education and communication campaign activities. These will be
distributed to barangays and to various sectors particularly to households. Barangay Assembly and/or
Purok Meetings will also be conducted in all the 70 barangays of the City in order to explain the
advocacy that is being done.
83. Development and reproduction of IEC campaign materials. IEC is a must and should be continuous
in order to attain the objectives set for the project and to sustain it. One of the best approaches in
disseminating information is through the distribution of brochures/flyers to all sectors concerned and
installation of posters/signage at strategic locations of the city and barangays. Hence this activity design
is prepared for the development, reproduction and posting of brochures, flyers, posters and billboards to
effectively disseminate the information about the implementation of the IPOPs Management Project -
its objective, causes and effects of UPOPs to health of humans and the environment, and others. Total
estimated cost is PhP 305,400.
84. Orientation meetings to communities of all barangays through barangay and purok assemblies.
Buy-in campaigns with communities will be done to engage their support against backyard burning.
The Punong Barangay and the two (2) Kagawad Chairs on Environment and Health who attended the as
proposed in Activity 2.2 will facilitate the activities in their respective barangays and will also act as
resource persons on selected topics. Brochures/flyers will be distributed during the activity. Target
participants are the community members (households, business, institution and other sectors residing
within the barangay). Invitations will be done by barangay officials through announcements, e.g., letters
or public billboards). Total estimated budget is PhP 378,000.
85. Public UPOPs awareness campaigns through radio plugs. Another effective means to further
promote the IPOPs Project to all sectors concerned is through the media particularly through the radio.
The City of Legazpi will conduct a radio plugging about the sub-project to at least three (3) radio
stations within three (3) months period to be done during the peak of IEC activities that will be
conducted. This will be done simultaneously with the conduct of Barangay Assembly/Purok Meetings,
the distribution of brochures/flyers and the installation of posters/signage about the sub-project.
Estimated cost is PhP 90,000.
86. Improvement of waste segregation at source and related measures (application of 3R approach;
education, improved infrastructure with separation bin, composting facilities, support/formalizing of
informal sector working at community level). Part of the IEC for barangays is the instruction of the
strict compliance to the ESWM program/system of the city particularly the practice of segregation at
source to support segregated waste collection. Focus will be given to the 21 barangays, which are not
yet covered by collection system. The residents will also be encouraged to practice the 3Rs of waste
management, i.e., reduce, reuse and recycle.
87. These non-implementing barangays of the ESWM Program will be covered gradually by the city in
the expansion of the program. The ESWM system suitable to these rural barangays will be established
such as enforcing to households, institutions and other waste generators, use of at least three (3)
receptacles/bins as temporary storage of waste at sources, establishment of BMRDOCs, and the
collection of segregated waste by the designated Eco-aides. Processing of waste particularly
biodegradables will be encouraged at households, purok and barangay level since these barangays are
located in the rural areas and they have sufficient areas for composting.
88. Expansion of waste collection system to eight (8) more barangays to discourage open burning at
the community level. At present, only 49 barangays (all 45 urban barangays plus 4 rural barangays) are
already covered by the waste collection system. The city government hopes to expand it to eight (8)
more rural barangays in order to incentivize people not to burn their waste. Direct beneficiaries would
be 5,135 households.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
21
89. Orientation and planning meetings with barangay officials/leaders. Eight rural barangays that are
adjacent to those already implementing the ESWM Program are targeted for expansion. These
barangays are part of the twenty-one (21) rural barangays that are not yet covered by the ESWM
Program of the city. These are the priority barangays to implement the program from among the 21
non-implementing barangays since they affect the implementing barangays with their wrong waste
management practices such as non-segregation, burning and improper disposal of waste. The target
barangays are as follows: Pawa, Dita, San Joaquin, Bagong Abre, Buyuan, Estanza, Lamba and
Banquerohan. These barangays will undergo capability building workshops in order to prepare its
leaders, volunteers and the whole community about the implementation of the ESWM Program. Eight
(8) half-day trainings for 28 persons would cost PhP 5,600.
90. Conduct of Barangay Assembly and /or Purok Meetings on ESWM. The target participants are the
households, establishments, institutions and other sectors residing and/or operating within the barangay.
They will be invited and informed by the barangay through posting an announcement or distributing
letters of invitation. Total cost for all 8 barangays with 110 participants each is estimated at PhP 44,000.
91. Training-seminar cum local tour of existing BMRDOCs and the SLF at Brgy. Banquerohan. Five
(5) participants each (3 officials and two sectorial representatives) from the 8 expansion barangays will
be invited to attend the training-seminar. They will also visit existing operational BMRDOCs in the
city, learn from barangay practitioners, and will have an appreciation tour on where residual wastes end
up, i.e., the landfill at Barangay Banquerohan. Total estimated cost is PhP 32,500.
92. Provisions for city and barangay waste collection vehicles and bins. One factor why a household or
community resorts to backyard burning is due to non-collection of waste by the barangay or city. As
stated in Activity 4.4, Legazpi City plans to expand its waste collection service area from 49 to 57
barangays. With gradual expansion, eight (8) more barangays would each need motorized collection
equipment and sets of tri-colored waste collection bins. To support this, the city government would also
need to purchase one (1) additional unit of dump truck for residual waste collection.
3.7 UPOPs Action Plan Project Implementation Schedule
93. Table 3.6 provides the detailed sub-project implementation schedule from sub-project conception to
sub-project completion.
3.8 Sub-Project Cost Estimate
94. The total cost of implementation Legazpi City’s UPOPs Action Plan is estimated at about PhP
55,257,649 of which PhP 42,519,286 is the LGU’s exposure while PhP 12,738,363 is the GEF Grant
participation. By percentage participation, LGU Legazpi contributes about 77 percent of the total
amount while GEF Grant contributes around 23 percent.
95. Out of the estimated total cost, the amount allocated for the closure and rehabilitation of the open
dumpsite is about PhP 13,284,704.66.
96. Out of the total cost, the City has also allocated an amount equivalent to about PhP 2,292,529 for
the implementation of the SDP.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
22
Table 3.6: Detailed Sub-project Implementation Schedule
ACTIVITY No. of
Days Responsible Unit Duration
1 Preparation of detailed description of
works/Cost Estimate & draft PBD
LGU/Consultant May to December
2015
2 Review and Approval of Documents 14 DENR-EMB/WB
3 WB NOL received by LGU 1 IPOPS-PMO
4 Advertisement of Invitation for Bids 1 BAC
5 Issuance of Bid/Tender Documents 30 BAC Secretariat
6 Pre-Bidding Conference 1 BAC
7 Issuance of Supplemental Notice 1 BAC
8 Submission and Opening Bids 1 LGU-BAC/TWG/
NGO/COA rep
9 Evaluation of Bids 14 BAC/TWG
10 Preparation of Resolution to Award
(RTA)
1 BAC 04 November
2014
11 Documents submitted to World Bank
through IPOPS-RO/PMO for prior review
14 LGU-IPOPS/WB December 2015
12 Approval/Issuance of Notice of Award
(NOA)
1 BAC December 2015
13 Posting of Performance Security/Signing
of Contract by the Winning Bidder
4 Bidder-
contractor/LCE/
Treasurer
January 2016
14 Issuance of Notice to Proceed 1 LCE/BAC January 2016
15 Pre-Construction Conference 1 BAC/TWG/UPOPS
AT
January 2016
16 Start of Work 1 LGU-Engg-/UPOPS
AT & EMB 5
January 2016
17 Punch Listing 15 LGU-Engg-/UPOPS
AT & EMB 5
January to Dec
2016
18 Final Inspection 1 LGU-Engg-/UPOPS
AT & EMB 5
Nov 2016
19 Completion/Final Payment 180 LGU-Engg-/UPOPS
AT & EMB 5
Dec 2016
20 Acceptance 1 Contractor/LGU Dec 2016
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
23
4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE DATA
4.1 Basic Facts About Legazpi City and Its Waste Management Situation
97. Table 4.1 presents key demographic, geo-political and financial figures as well as solid waste
generation, collection and diversion data of Legazpi City.
Table 4.1: Key Figures for Legazpi City
Description Data
1) Population (Census, May 2010) 182,201
2) Population (Estimated, 2013) 210,608
3) Land area (sq.km.) 204.20
4) Total Number of Barangays
5) Number of Urban Barangays
6) Number of Rural Barangays
70
45
25
7) Total Budget for 2012
8) Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) for 2012
PhP 573,419,613.
PhP 337,500,000.
9) Total Budget for SWM (2012)
10) Total Budget for SWM (2012 with
supplemental)
PhP 14,203,165 (thru OCENR)
PhP 20,000,000 (thru OCENR, subject for
approval)
11) Total Waste Generation (2012)
12) Waste Generation at Collection Area (2009)
13) Per Capita Waste Generation Rate
14) Total Waste Collection (2009)
15) Bulk density
152 m3./day
51 tons/day (based on WACS, 2009)
0.29 kg/capita/day (based on WACS, 2009)
198 m3 /day or 49.5 tons/day
0.208 tons/m3 (based on WACS, 2009)
16) Total Waste Collection (2012) 99 m3 ./day or 25 tons/day
17) Total Waste Diversion from 2009 data 99 m3./day or 25 tons/day
98. Based on a Waste Analysis and Characterization Study (WACS) conducted in 2009, each person in
Legazpi City generates about 0.29 kilograms (kg) of municipal solid waste per day. This figure does not
yet reflect the combined generation from households and other waste sources in the entire city. Tables
4.2 and 4.3 show the sources and composition of solid waste generated in Legazpi City.
99. Legazpi City is presently implementing an integrated Ecological Solid Waste Management
(ESWM) Program. The major components of the program are the planned closure and rehabilitation of
the open dumpsite, operation of sanitary landfill (SLF) and the establishment and operation of barangay
Material Recovery and Drop-off Centers (BMRDOCs) in cluster or individual barangays. Other
components include Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaigns, capacity
development, monitoring and evaluation, livelihood development programs, as well as the closure and
rehabilitation of the open dumpsite.
100. The ESWM program started with a massive IEC campaign to stakeholders. The mandate of waste
minimization and waste reduction through segregation at source was promoted. The city presented to
the barangays an ESWM Framework which defines the roles and responsibilities of the barangays and
those of the city government. The Barangays, who took on the responsibility, is in charge of segregated
waste collection from households, business establishments and other institutions, as well as the
maintenance of BMRDOCs. Meanwhile, the city operates and maintains the SLF, the centralized
composting facility, the city transfer station and the Common Marketing Facility for special waste.
101. The “No segregation, no collection” policy is being enforced at two collection tiers – at the
barangay and the city level. To effectively implement this policy, the city distributed about 176
fabricated collection equipment (100 units of ‘padjak’ and 76 units of pushcarts), 239 tri-color bins as
well as 102 BMRDOCs to barangays for use of Eco-aides. In general, each barangay would have three
puroks and thus have three designated Eco-aides. The number of units given to each of the barangay
depends on the population of the barangay.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
24
Table 4.2: Sources of Municipal Solid Waste in Legazpi City
Waste Source Percentage (%) by weight
Residential / Households 68.44 %
Commercial 26.00 %
Industrial (Manufacturing and Services) -
Institutional 5.31 %
Market 0.25 %
Table 4.3: Composition of Municipal Solid Waste in Legazpi City
Waste Component Percentage (%) by weight
Kitchen Waste %
Garden/Yard %
Sub-total for Biodegradables 58.87 %
Paper and Cardboard 12.05 %
Composite Packaging - %
Plastic (PVC, Plastic from E-waste, cables) 24.20
%
Plastic (Others, Non-halogenated) %
Metals 1.51 %
Glass 1.31 %
Textile - %
Leather and Rubber - %
Sub-total for Recyclables 39.07 %
Sanitary composites (napkins, diapers) %
Inerts (heavy, ceramics, grits, fines) %
Sub-total for Residuals 0.81 %
Waste electrical and electronic eqpt. (WEEE) 0.08 %
Household healthcare waste
1.17
%
Bulky waste (furniture, upholstery, etc.) %
Other hazardous waste in MSW stream %
Sub-total for Special Waste 1.25 %
TOTAL 100.0 %
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
25
102. The city collects waste from the barangay BMRDOCs on regular schedules, i.e., residual waste in
the morning (daily or every other day) and biodegradables in the afternoon (daily). The collection
system for recyclable waste is dependent on households and business establishments if they wish to
give it to Barangay Eco-aides as incentive. If so, these materials are sold to junkshops. Furthermore,
most barangays are composting the biodegradable wastes collected by Eco-aides. For those with limited
space, the city collects the biodegradables from the BMRDOCs and delivers the same to the centralized
composting facility in Barangay Banquerohan where the SLF is also situated.
103. Residual waste is collected at the city level. City waste collectors use 4 dump trucks (specifically,
one compactor and three open trucks) to collect residuals from BMRDOCs and bring to the City
Transfer Station, Two (2) hauling trucks transport the waste the SLF. These trucks are also responsible
for bringing biodegradable waste from some barangays to the centralized composting facility.
Meanwhile, the collection of special (and other non-sellable recyclable) waste from the barangays is
done only every Saturday to be delivered to the City Common Marketing Facility cum Livelihood
Center. This facility serves as a temporary storage area for waste such as residual plastics, broken
bottles and busted fluorescent lamps.
104. The residual plastics are recovered through the “Plastic for Rice” project which was launched in
December 2011 in partnership with Barangay Eco-aides and Eco-Waste Managers. For every five (5)
kilograms of dry and clean residual plastics they recover, the city exchanged it with one (1) kilogram
(kg) of rice. The city, in turn, shreds these plastics which some barangays use as filling materials for
throw pillows and other usable items as their livelihood project. In 2012, the city has recovered 3.49
tons of residual plastic. On the other hand, the recovered broken bottles are segregated. The colorless
glass cullet are disposed by the office by truckload at PhP 0.70 per kg while the colored ones are
temporarily stored for possible future sale. In 2012, the recovered broken glasses totaled 39.55 tons.
The recovered busted fluorescent lamps and other special wastes are also temporarily stored for
possible factory return.
105. The city is also implementing waste recovery program like the Earth Savers Program. Launched in
August 2011, the initiative was pilot-tested by OCENR in six (6) schools and later expanded to 10
partner schools in 2012. The objectives of this Program are (a) to inculcate among the school children
the habit of waste segregation, and (b) to recover recyclable wastes which could be a source of fund for
their school needs. From 2011-2012, 20.76 tons of recyclables were recovered out of this project.
106. In 2012, two years after segregation at source was fully enforced through the city’s ESMP
program, collected garbage amounted to 99 m3 per day, which was a 50% reduction in comparison with
2009 data of 198 cubic meters or 50 metric tons per day. This was primarily attributed to the recycling,
composting and other resource recovery activities made by the barangays and the city government as
well as the participation of residents and business establishments. Around 70% of households (from 49
barangays) are now estimated to practice segregation at source. Through buy-in campaigns with
barangay officials and the communities, it is estimated that 80 to 90% of waste collection is done in a
segregated manner.
4.2 Status of Open Burning of Solid Wastes at Source Community
107. Waste segregation has become a common name in Legazpi City today. But still there are this 30%
that are not yet complying with city policies. Some barangay Eco-aides are even sometimes tempted to
accept mixed waste in exchange of some amount they receive as payment for accepting mixed waste.
Waste generators who refuse (or are ‘lazy’) to segregate could have been resorting to indiscriminate
dumping or burning in some areas of the city particularly in vacant lots, streets, creeks and/or rivers.
108. There is no formal study yet conducted to determine the reasons why the community practices
open burning. However, based on focused group discussions and interactions with the community
members, they said that it is their way of managing or getting rid of their wastes, which is a traditional
practice. Some also burn waste to drive away pests, mosquitoes and flies. A few residents have actually
lodged formal complaints to the Office of the Mayor and OCENR against backyard burning by done
neighbors. Validation of feedbacks is made by the OCENR through actual inspection and interview
with the concerned individuals, after which a dialogue with the offenders is made.
109. There is no concrete data available as to the quantity of solid waste burned in the community.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
26
110. Orientation meetings are regularly conducted with barangay constituents, business establishments,
schools, offices and other stakeholders. Prohibited acts and penal provisions under city ordinances are
being thoroughly explained, including those against open burning. A technical training for
Apprehending Officers was conducted before they were deputized and fielded to barangays or city
LGU. Violators of the ordinances are penalized through the issuance of citation tickets by the deputized
enforcers. Monitoring and assessment by OCENR staff are regularly undertaken at barangay levels.
Best performing barangays are annually given cash incentives.
111. Under Ordinance No. 0017-2009, penalties for non-compliance are as follows: Private individuals
(1st violation -PhP 300. or community service and/or imprisonment of not less than five (5) days at the
discretion of the court; 2nd violation –P500. or community service and/or imprisonment of not less than
ten (10) days at the discretion of the court; 3rd violation – P1,000. or community service and/or
imprisonment of not less than fifteen (15) days at the discretion of the court); Commercial, industrial
and other establishments (1st violation – P1,000. and/or imprisonment of not less than ten (10) days at
the discretion of the court; 2nd violation – P2,000. and/or imprisonment of not less than fifteen (15)
days at the discretion of the court); 3rd violation – P3,000 and/or imprisonment for thirty (30) days or
both at the discretion of the court); Future violation shall be a sufficient ground for non-renewal of the
business permit.
4.3 Status of Open Burning of Solid Wastes for Commercial and Alternative Fuel Purposes
112. The effects of UPOPs (including PCDD/F) to human health and environment, and its potential
sources such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics/pipes, copper cable coating/housing, waste electronic
and electrical equipment (WEEE), foams and synthetic carpets are concerns that are remote to the
stakeholders, including the informal waste sector (IWS).
113. During the conduct of IEC campaigns on ESWM, these matters were not brought to their
awareness. Barangay Eco-aides collect these kinds of wastes from the sources and temporarily store
these at the BMRDOCs. Eco-aides reveal that among POPs-producing materials, they only recover
recyclable plastic materials, which could be sold to junkshops, as well as residual plastics, which could
be exchanged for rice through the “Plastic for Rice” project. All others, including WEEE, are merely
treated as residuals. There is no existing practice of recovering valuable materials from WEEE.
114. Likewise, the city’s garbage collectors just deliver these at the SLF. At times, residuals are
dumped at the existing dumpsite where waste pickers salvage the WEEE materials especially electrical
or cable wirings and recover the copper from it by burning its plastic covering. Burning, which occur
most of the time at the dumpsite, is for them the fastest way to recover the copper materials which they
could sell to junkshops. However, this occurs only on a rare occasion because OCENR personnel do not
allow open burning at the dumpsite and they run after those persons that burn any material at the site.
115. There is no thermal treatment facility yet within, or engaged by the city, however there is a
cement factory in the nearby municipality, about 30 kilometers from the city, where the city’s residual
plastic waste could be negotiated.
4.4 Institutional, Legal and Financial Framework for SWM in Legazpi City
116. Legazpi City has organized its Local SWM Board since 2002. In the same year, a 10-year SWM
Plan was prepared for the city under a technical assistance grant from the Japan Bank for International
Cooperation (JBIC). The plan was presented to the Solid Waste Management Board, endorsed to the
Legazpi City Planning and Development Council for mainstreaming into the Medium Term Investment
Plan, and in 2003, was duly adopted/approved by the City Council through a Sangguniang Panlungsod
(SP) Resolution with corresponding budget allocation.
117. The overall ESWM implementation in Legazpi City is governed by Ordinance No. 0017-2009
otherwise known as the “Legazpi City Integrated Ecological Solid Waste Management Ordinance of
2009”. In addition, the LGU implements and enforces two other ESWM-related ordinances: City
Ordinance No. 0003-2008 otherwise known as the “Anti-Littering Ordinance of Legazpi City” and City
Ordinance No. 010-2008, “An Ordinance Requiring All Business Establishments within the City of
Legazpi to Undergo a Seminar on ESWM Prior to the Issuance/Renewal of Business Permit/License to
Operate”.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
27
118. ESWM implementation is supported by the establishment of the Office of the City Environment
and Natural Resources (OCENR) in 2006, which is tasked to formulate, implement and pursue plans
and programs on environment and natural resources. The OCENR currently has 19 regular personnel,
13 contractual staff and about 120 job orders. The OCENR is responsible for Waste collection and
disposal; Operation and management of transfer station, sanitary landfill, composting facility, and
common marketing facility; Regular SWM performance monitoring of barangays; Regular SWM
seminars for business establishments; Implementation of the Earth Savers Program; Recovery programs
for residual plastics, broken bottles and busted bulbs/fluorescent bulbs; Continuous conduct of IEC
campaigns; Awards system to top SWM performing barangays; as well as Street sweeping.
119. Other support functions are provided by the City Engineering Office (CEO) for the design, cost-
estimates and implementation of infrastructure components, the City Planning and Development Office
(CPDO) for the integration of ENR plans and programs in the Medium Term Investment Plan (MTPIP)
and the Annual Investment Plan (AIP), the City General Services Office (CGSO) for procurement
services, the City Budget Office for the integration and allocation of counterpart budgets, as well as
other departments.
120. In terms of local funding, the City of Legazpi has duly appropriated PhP 14.203 Million in the
2013 General Budget to finance the city’s local SWM programs. The amount allocated is actually not
sufficient to cover all the expenses for the programs and projects being sustained by the OCENR,
specifically for the payment of job order workers for the garbage collection and disposal operation and
expenses for the maintenance of garbage collection trucks/ heavy equipment, and for other
environmental activities. Nevertheless, this concern is being resolved by appropriating additional
amount from the supplemental budget during the last quarter of the year, making a total budget
appropriation for the office in the amount of around PhP 20 Million. Table 4.4 presents the breakdown
of this budget according to cost centers (not yet inclusive of supplemental budget).
Table 4.4: Budget Appropriated by Legazpi City in 2013 for SWM
(Exclusive of supplemental)
Waste Source Budget Allocation
(PhP) Percentage (%) share
IEC, Reduction at Source 43,000.00 0.30 %
Collection / Hauling Services 11,655,000.00 82.06 %
MRF and Composting Operations 1,182,765.00 8.33 %
Disposal Facility Management 887,400.00 6.25 %
Others: Operation of Common Marketing
Facility (for special wastes) and Research
Activities
P 435,000.00
3.06 %
Total SWM Budget 14,203,165.00 100 %
121. In the city’s 2013 budget, no specific amount was appropriated for the closure of the open
dumpsite but a lump sum amount for capital outlays was earmarked to finance priority development
projects or to complement the cost of projects with subsidy grant such as the IPOPs project.
122. To reduce the city government’s subsidy for SWM, it has instituted a cost recovery mechanism via
garbage fees established in the issuance of permit to operate a business in the city, of which the city was
able to collect in 2012 the amount of PhP 1,096,300. This amount collected from business
establishments is believed to be very low. However, with the operation of an engineered disposal
facility and other waste reduction facilities, the city proposes to increase the garbage fee being collected
from business establishment through an amended Local Revenue Tax Ordinance. At the barangay level,
barangay households subsidize the cost of barangay solid waste management. This initiative is legal as
it is stipulated in the city’s SWM Ordinance No. 0017-2009 that garbage collection fee may be
collected by the barangay from the households in the amount of not less than PhP 20.00 but not more
than PhP 50.00 per month.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
28
4.5 Overview of the Existing Sanitary Landfill at Barangay Banquerohan
123. The construction of Legazpi City sanitary landfill (SLF) commenced in 2010 upon receipt of
Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) No. ECC-RO5-0803-040-9200 from EMB Region 5 on
June 10, 2008 (see Annex 1- SLF ECC). The SLF Operation Manual is presented in Annex 2.
124. In the course of gathering of loan prerequisites, a Spanish agency, the Agencia Espaṅola
Cooperacion Internacional Para El Desarrollo (AECID) with representative from NEDA Region 5
informed the LGU that they have funds to subsidize ESWM implementation in the amount of EUR€ 1.5
Million. Additional amount of EUR€ 0.2 Million was given to ensure that the affected informal waste
sector (IWS) is provided with livelihood projects. Target duration was 18 months but during the
construction stage, some variations have to be pursued that extended project implementation to a total
of 24 months. The SLF became fully operational in October 2011.
125. About 22 kilometers away from the city center, the Category 2 SLF is located within a 16-hectare
property of the city government at Sitio Caridad in Barangay Banquerohan where the existing dumpsite
is also situated. As shown in Figure 4.1, it has currently two cells: Cell 1 (1.015 has.) and Cell 2 (0.371
has.) with fill height of about 8 to 10 meters. The SLF would have an estimated life span of 2.12 years
if all collected residual waste is dumped.
126. Both SLF cells are HDPE plastic-lined and have the following integrated facilities: wash bay,
equipment shed, administration building, and vault for sharps, leachate treatment facility, road network,
as well as water and power system. The distance between the SLF and the nearest water body is 500
meters. There are two houses located within 100 meters from the landfill. The locations of nearest
institutions are as follows: school (3 km), chapel (1 km) and barangay health center (5 km).
127. The daily landfilling activities include waste hauling to the tipping face, spreading and compacting
by a bulldozer or backhoe and soil covering. There are 19 personnel assigned at the landfill. One of the
functions of the SLF staff is to inspect all waste-carrying vehicles entering the landfill site to determine
whether the waste should be directed to the landfill cell, or should not be accepted in the site. The city is
presently using the bigger cell, which is Cell 1. From October 2011 until December 2012, the volume of
waste deposited at the cell amounted to 2,302 tons.
128. For future use, another section of the 16-hectare facility has already been designated for the
construction of another cell (No. 3).
Figure 4.1: Existing cells and expansion area for Legazpi City landfill at
Barangay Banquerohan
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
29
129. As of September 2015, actual percentage usage of this SLF is 30.39%, equivalent to 61,998 cu.m.
actual landfilled residual waste + soil cover against the combined capacity of cell 1 and cell 2
(including air space) of 204,015 cu.m. Based on this actual usage, the remaining capacity for landfilling
is 69.61% or equivalent to 142,017 cu.m. which will extend the life service of the sanitary landfill of
up 3 or more years.
130. For the past months, LGU Legazpi was experiencing difficulty in the dumping of wastes in the
active working cells due to the sticky clay materials on access road leading to the active cell and
likewise the difficulty of extracting clay materials for covering during rainy season. Both issues were
able to be addressed by LGU Legazpi. During rainy days, the LGU is using its back hoe to deliver the
waste to the active cell (instead of the dump trucks) and at the same time use the back hoe in providing
the soil cover material.
131. For the proposed construction of Cell 3, LGU Legazpi has undertaken cadastral mapping of the
prospective site for Phase 3. Land acquisition shall be implemented in 2016.
132. The Leachate Treatment Plant of the SLF holds its Wastewater Discharge Permit which was issued
renewal on April 24, 2015 by the Environmental Management Bureau V (EMBV) showing that it
maintains the quality of the effluent conforming with the Effluent Standard pursuant to the Philippine
Clean Water Act of 2004. Self-monitoring reports conducted by OCENR and the result of the
laboratory analysis of waste water conducted by the Department of Science and Technology (DOSTV)
were submitted as requisites for the renewal of the permit.
4.6 Overview of the Proposed Closure/Rehabilitation of Dumpsite at Brgy. Banquerohan
133. Legazpi City’s dumpsite is located at Sitio Caridad in Barangay Banquerohan at the same 16-
hectare city owned property where the SLF is. Vicinity map is shown in Figure 4.2. The city has been
using the open dumpsite since 1998.
Figure 4.2: Location and Vicinity Map of Legazpi City’s Banquerohan Dumpsite
134. From the main road, there is an access (although not concrete) road leading to the open dumpsite.
The used area was around five (5) hectares but some portions only have thinly scattered waste (now
vegetated). As shown in Figure 4.3, the target area for closure is about 2.322 hectares upon waste
consolidation. Average waste fill height is estimated to be between 8 and 15 m. Of immediate concern
is the 0.840-hectare area within this section where most recent waste had been dumped.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
30
135. During rainy season, incoming waste had been diverted to the dumpsite even with the presence of
the SLF. Main reason is that trucks are stuck with thick clayey soil cover at SLF cells. The construction
of tipping or
136. Internal access road were not yet completely in place. Available daily soil cover material is also
too clayey and application may be thicker than expected. It was also observed that current SLF cells
have limited capacity despite very good waste diversion achieved by the LGU. Although it is apparent
that there are still biodegradables being delivered to the landfill cells, most of it comes from market
waste, which could easily be addressed by working with the market administrator. Nevertheless,
Legazpi City intends to fully cease in using the dumpsite once the implementation of safe closure and
rehabilitation plan (SCRP) commences.
137. The SCRP of the city’s open dumpsite was prepared in 2009 and submitted to DENR-EMB
Region 5 in September 2009 for evaluation. Acknowledgement of the plan was duly received by the
city in October 2009. The SCRP was prepared in compliance to the mandate of RA 9003 for LGUs to
close dumpsites and use an engineered sanitary landfill instead. The closure plan enumerated
appropriate measures to be undertaken to prevent environmental pollution caused by leachate or
methane gas resulting from the decomposition of waste. Slope stabilization and gradient control of the
disposal area as well as the quantity of the solid waste deposited were taken into consideration in the
plan preparation. Other engineering interventions necessary for the closure and rehabilitation of the
open dumpsite are: site preparation, roads construction, leachate collection system, slope protection
system, Erosion control/flood control/drainage system, gas venting, soil covering/final capping, buffer
zones, aesthetic improvement/landscaping.
Figure 4.3 A total of 2.322 hectares of Banquerohan dumpsite is subject
to complete closure
138. It should be noted that said SCRP is now updated to the level of Detailed Engineering Design
(DED) in Legazpi City’s UPOPs Action Plan and the subject of this environmental assessment
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
31
document. The project is at present ready for implementation once approval is secured from WB and
DENR.
139. The post-closure management activities will be carried out continuously after dumpsite closure
such as the monitoring of the environmental condition within and the surrounding areas in order to
control the potential hazard of the dumpsite. Specifically, the post closure management activities
include leachate re-circulation system, gas extraction and management as well as monitoring of the soil
cover. Proper recording shall be maintained. On funding, other open dumpsite closure activities not
covered by the IPOPs shall be assumed by LGU- Legazpi City.
4.7 Overview of Local Framework or Social Development Plan for Informal Waste Sector
140. With support from IPOPs Management Project, the City Government of Legazpi will implement
full closure and rehabilitation of its open dumpsite. With this plan, the waste pickers existing in the
dumpsite will be displaced and their livelihood will be affected. Based on initial studies, scavenging is a
secondary, if not the main, source of income of most waste picker families. Prior to the implementation
of the Legazpi City ESWM Program in 2009, it was recorded that there were about 100 to 120 waste
pickers present at the site. Figure 4.4 shows the photographs of makeshift shelters being used by the
IWS. But with the implementation of waste segregation at source and segregated collection as well as
the operation of the city’s landfill where waste picking is not allowed, the number of waste pickers
decreased.
Figure 4.4: Makeshift sheds built and used by waste pickers as temporary
shelter and storage area
141. In a 2010 IWS baseline survey, 86 waste pickers were interviewed. Another survey was conducted
in early 2013 in connection with the Social Inclusion and Alternative Livelihood for the Informal Sector
(IWS) Project, which is being implemented by the Solid Waste Management Association of the
Philippines (SWAPP) with funding from the World Bank – Japan Social Development Fund (WB-
JSDF) where about 76 scavengers were recorded. However, last March 2014, the LGU had a survey on
the latest number of the IWS at the open dumpsite and it was found out that there are still 91 IWS
salvaging recyclable materials in the area.
142. Although the city has already been operating its landfill since October 2011, the dumpsite
remained open, which the city still use from time to time particularly during rainy days wherein it is
difficult to operate the landfill since the soil that is being used to cover the disposed residual waste is
clay which is hard to extract/compact during rainy days. Another reason why the waste pickers are still
coming to the open dumpsite is because there are still recyclables that can be reclaimed due to some
sectors that are not yet or not proper in segregating their wastes.
143. The waste pickers come from four nearby barangays, namely, Banquerohan, San Francisco, Bariis
and Cagbacong, all of which are administratively part of Legazpi City. Majority of them are married
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
32
and work either as individuals or as family groups. They are between 7 to 70 years old and majority
only finished elementary education. The daily needs of waste pickers depend on waste picking since
most are farm tillers and/or tenants. Their income ranges between PhP 1,000 and 3,000 per month,
which is meager for households with 3 to 7 members. The said waste pickers are engaged purely on
waste reclamation, i.e., they are not involved in any activity of the city in its ESWM Program other than
the recovery of recyclable and biodegradable waste materials which they sell to local junk buyers
and/or serve as feeds for the pigs they raised in their backyards.
144. Before landfill construction, the IWS has not been organized. Their waste picking was only
scheduled into MWF (Mondays, Wednesdays & Fridays) for women and TThS (Tuesdays, Thursdays
& Saturdays) for men while Sunday is family day for them which means either they stay at home and
do household works or go to waste picking together as family. But with the construction of the sanitary
landfill, they were organized into an association called ‘Bagong Buhay’ (New Life) Association and
engaged in livelihood activities depending on their skills and likes, such as livestock raising,
vegetable/upland rice farming and others. Their livelihood projects were funded by AECID under the
Legazpi City ESWM Program.
145. Hence, a Social Development Plan is prepared for the waste pickers who will be evicted due to the
dumpsite closure activities wherein socio-economic interventions will be implemented by the City
Inclusion and Livelihood Project. The SWAPP project, which includes the organization of the waste
pickers and the conduct of capability building activities, will finance/facilitate livelihood or enterprise
the scavengers’ association will identify based on the interest, knowledge and skills of its members and
the guidelines of the WB-JSDF. At present, SWAPP is now on its planning/implementation stage of the
project.
4.8 Detailed Description of the Open Dumpsite
4.8.1 Location of the Open Dumpsite
Name of Dumpsite Legazpi City Open Dumpsite
Location Sitio Caridad, Brgy. Banquerohan, Legazpi City, Albay
Coordinates in degrees : 13° 2'2.15" North Latitude, 123°45'55.54" East Longitude
Authority to Close Number: CP-RV #51-Nov’09 Date: November 20, 2009
Contact
Person/Designation
Ms. Salve A. Corral
City Envi. and Natural Resources Officer
Address Mailing Address:
Office of the City Environment & Natural Resources (OCENR), Motorpool
Compound, Airport Road,
Legazpi City
Telephone:480-3349; 481-7469
Fax No. (02) 480-3349 ; Email Ad: [email protected]
4.8.2 Description of Dumpsite
146. Legazpi City is located on the east or Pacific coast of Albay province, specifically on Albay Gulf.
The City's dumpsite is located at Sitio Caridad, Brgy. Banquerohan which is situated about 22
kilometers south of City proper. The locations of nearest institutions are as follows: school (3 km),
chapel (1 km) and barangay health center (5 km). The location map is shown in Figure 4.5 while the
relative location of the SLF and the open dumpsite is shown in Figure 4.6. Figures 4.7a and 4.7b show
the photo-documentation of the open dumpsite at various angle of sight.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
33
Figure 4.5: The location Map of the Open Dumpsite.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
34
Figure 4.6: Relative location of the SLF and the open dumpsite.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
35
Figure 4.7a: Photo-documentation of the Open Dumpsite (Panoramic View)
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
36
North face of the dumpsite East of the dumpsite
West of the dumpsite South of the dumpsite
Figure 4.7b: Photo-documentation of the Open Dumpsite
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
37
4.8.3 Physical Set-up of Dumpsite
147. Tables 4.5a and 4.5 b shows the existing physical set up of the open dumpsite
Table 4.5a: Physical Setup of the Open Dumpsite.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Parameter Unit Data/Statement
1. Access Route to Dumpsite m2
1440 (PCCP) Main road leading to OD
OODopedumps 2. Road Condition from the
national road to site
lm 100lm from the gate (concrete) to OD; 95lm
(gravel) from the dumpsite main road to
admin. Bldg. 3. Total Capacity
MT 39,236 (Est.)
4. Total area allocated for the
dumpsite
hectares 16 hectares
5. Area utilized and reckoning
date
m2 50,000 m
2
6. Average height of dump m 8 – 15 meters
7. Average slope deg 10% - 20%
8. Current volume m3 400,000 to 750,000
9. Current weight MT 83,200 to 156,000 (using bulk density of .208
tons/m3)
10. Soil cover status None
11. Gas management status None
Table 4.5b: Existing Equipment at the Open Dumpsite
Equipment No. Remarks
1. Brand new dump truck
2. Old Dump Truck
3
1
Residual waste collection – AM
Biodegradable Waste - PM
Capacity: 4.5 m3
Capacity: 8m3
3. Hauling Truck 2
Capacity: 10m3
4. Heavy Equipment 3 Crawler Loader, Backhoe, Wheel Loader
5. Brgy. collection equipment
(pushcart/padjak)
176 For segregated waste collection by barangays
6. Industrial waste bins (tri-
colored)
239 Depends on the volume of waste per barangay
4.8.4 Overview of the General Environment of the Open Dumpsite
148. Table 4.6 contains the enumeration of the most relevant aspects of open dumpsite’s general
environment.
Table 4.6: Most Relevant Aspects of Open Dumpsite’s General Environment Parameter Data
A. WATER
Body of water in the
vicinity
Name of Water Body Caridad River
Distance from Dumpsite 500 meters
Relative direction from dumpsite Towards East
Approximate flow rate of stream Dry Creek (stream)
Flooding
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
38
Site is located in flood prone area Yes No √
Highest Flood Level from ground
level, m
Year
B. AIR
Climate Type Type II
Prevailing Wind
Direction at the
Dumpsite
From northeast towards southwest
C. SOCIAL
Existing settlement
within the dumpsite
Number of families None
Number of persons None
Waste pickers
Estimated Total Number 120
Registered Number, if any 86
Number of houses
Adjacent to the dumpsite fence 2
Within 100m distance from the
dumpsite
2
Presence of IP
community
√ None Name if any
Nearest Institutions
Distance Direction Name
School 3 km DS Don Bosco Agro-Mechanical
Tech.Center
Church 1 km DS Sitio Caridad
Hospital, clinic 5 km DS Brgy. Health Center
Interest Groups on the
operation of the
dumpsite
Name of Group Address Interest
None
4.8.5 Status of Waste Combustion/Fires and Description of Fire Suppression Done to Stop
Burning at the Dumpsite
149. In June 2010, a big fire happened at the western side of the old dumpsite. The coverage of fire
was approximately 1,000 square meters (m2) and the duration of the burning lasted for eight (8)
hours. Early detection of fire was observed by the OCENR personnel manning the landfill because
of a thick smoke spotted at the site and the loathsome smell carried by the wind and gasped by the
residents living in the nearby barangays. The Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) was immediately
called for an early containment of fire but the fire fighters could hardly suppress the ablaze open
dumpsite. To assist BFP, the OCENR personnel, using onsite heavy equipment hauled soil and
covered the part of the dumpsite which was sprayed with water by the firefighters in order to stop
the fire from spreading to other parts of the dumpsite. The cause of combustion was not known but
since there was no presence of waste pickers at the dumpsite when the burning occurred, most
likely, the cause would maybe be a spontaneous combustion because of the very hot weather during
that time.
150. To avoid occurrence of fires and prevent their spreading, the following shall be observed by
the LGU:
All Landfill moving equipment and vehicles shall be equipped with portable fire
extinguishers. Operation and maintenance of the extinguishers shall be in accordance with
the manufacturer’s recommendation.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
39
Fire extinguishers for all classes of fire shall be provided at the landfill site. Class A fires
are fires in ordinary combustible materials. Class B fires are fires in electrical equipment.
The administration building, motor pool shall be provided with one (1) fire extinguisher
with 2 ½ gallon cylinder of ABC type each.
Personnel and visitors shall not light fire or throw cigarette stubs in the site. Proper signs
on this must be posted in conspicuous places.
Accidental fires that may occur in the surface of laid waste shall be smothered with soil
and/or water.
All personnel shall be trained in the proper usage of all fire-fighting equipment at the
landfill as well as in fire prevention and management. A fire brigade shall be formed from
selected landfill personnel. Once a month, the brigade should be drilled on fire prevention
and fire-fighting procedure. The assistance of a government fire-fighting agency shall be
solicited for this purpose.
For particularly large fires, the Legazpi City Fire Department shall be called for assistance.
151. The landfill personnel shall strictly enforce the “No Smoking” policy within the site.
Monitoring of gas shall be carried out throughout the life of the landfill and even after landfilling
stops. In the absence of utilization, the landfill gas shall be emitted into the air to avoid explosion.
A portable field monitor for these gases shall be available at site all the time. Photo-documentations
of the burning at the open dumpsite are shown in Figure 4.8.
4.8.6 Indicative Target Final Lay-out (Post Closure and Rehabilitation of the Open Dumpsite)
152. Upon implementation of the proposed closure and rehabilitation plan as embodied in the
Legazpi City’s UPOPs Action Plan, Figure 4.9 shows the indicative final lay-out of the closed open
dumpsite.
4.9 Detailed Profiles of the Affected IWS
153. In the closure and rehabilitation activities that will be done in Legazpi City’s Open Dumpsite,
the existing IWS in the dumpsite will be deprived of their source of income. The city, together with
the Solid Waste Association of the Philippines (SWAPP) through its Social Inclusion and
Alternative Livelihood Project which is funded by World Bank-Japan Social Development Fund
(WB-JSDF) and other possible fund donors will find its way to ease the lives of the ninety-one (91)
displaced individuals at the dumpsite by creating job opportunities for them.
154. These waste pickers come from the four (4) barangays surrounding the dumpsite namely
Banquerohan, San Francisco, Bariis and Cagbacong, all of which are barangays of Legazpi City.
Among the 4 barangays, Banquerohan, where the open dumpsite is located, has the highest number
of waste pickers having 38 out of 91 total waste pickers while Cagbacong, the farthest among the 4
barangays, has the lowest having only 6 waste pickers. The Table 4.7 shows the place of residence
of the 91 Banquerohan IWS.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
40
Figure 4.8: Photo-documentation of the Burning Open Dumpsite
Figure 4.9: Indicative Final Lay-out of the Closed Open Dumpsite
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
41
Table 4.7: Waste Pickers’ Place of Residence
BARANGAY MALE FEMALE TOTAL
San Francisco 21 11 32
Banquerohan 20 18 38
Bariis 3 12 15
Cagbacong 5 1 6
TOTAL 49 42 91
155. Forty-nine (49) out of 91 waste pickers are male while 42 are female. Their age ranges
between 10 to 65 years old, 10 being the youngest and 65 as the oldest among the waste pickers.
Majority of them (77 waste pickers) falls between the ages of 18 to 59 years old while 9 waste
pickers are considered as minors with ages 10 to 17 years old. On the other hand, 5 waste pickers
belong to the senior citizens group with ages 60 years old and above. Table 4.8 below shows the
Sex and Age of the IWS.
156. For the marital status, 61 of them are married while 28 are single, including the 13 youths with
ages 19 years old and below. While the widower and separated has the least number with 1 each.
Please see Table 4.9 shows of the IWS’ Population by Age Group and Marital Status.
157. As to the educational attainment of the waste pickers, majority or 52 of them attained only 5th-
7th grade while only 2 of them attained post-secondary level (1 finished a vocational/technical
course and another 1 is a college undergraduate). The next table (Table 4.10) shows the
Educational Attainment of Waste pickers by Age Group.
158. Of the 91 waste pickers, majority or 52 of them have a household size ranging from 6 to 10
and above, 36 of them have 3-5 members, while 3 waste pickers have only two (2) members in
their household. Table 4.11 shows the waste pickers’ household size.
4.10 IWS Household Income & Income Sources
159. Of the 91 waste pickers, forty-four (44) of them consider waste picking as their principal
source of income while forty-seven (47) responded that waste picking is their other source of
income. However, of the 47 respondents who go to the open dumpsite to support their main source
of income, seven (7) of them go to the OD to recover food scraps for their pigs, if not sell the
recovered feeds to some individuals raising hogs in their backyards, while 11 of them are students
who come to the site to recover recyclable materials that could be converted into cash to sustain
their studies. But almost all of the waste pickers have other economic activities where they could
gain additional income to support the basic needs of the family. Table 4.12 shows of the IWS’
income sources.
160. In the data herein provided, it could be noted that other than waste picking, farming (root crops
and vegetables) and livestock raising (particularly hogs) are the main sources of income of the
waste pickers. On the other hand, the reasons for coming to the dumpsite by some waste pickers is
to get food scraps for feeds of their hogs and also to look for some money to support the studies of
the In-School youths.
161. The 91 waste pickers consists of 64 households, nine (9) households of which have a size of
more than ten (10) members.
162. For the combined household income of the waste pickers, majority or 55 of the 64 households
fall between the income bracket of below P 7,500.00. These 55 households are considered earning
income below the poverty threshold which is P 7,821.00 per month for a family size of 5.
Surprisingly, ten (10) households are earning above P 10,000.00 per month, the highest income of
which is P 34,749.00 by a household whose sources of income are: farming, employment of 3
members of the family and income from waste picking.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
42
Table 4.8: Sex and Age of Waste pickers AGE GROUP MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES
10 1 - 1
11 - - -
12 1 - 1
13 - - -
14 2 - 2
15 - - -
16 2 1 3
17 1 1 2
18 2 - 2
19 3 - 3
20 - 1 1
21 4 - 4
22 1 - 1
23 4 1 5
24 1 1 2
25 - - -
26 1 - 1
27 1 - 1
28 1 - 1
29 1 4 5
30 - 2 2
31 2 2 4
32 - 1 1
33 - 3 3
34 1 1 2
35 - 1 1
36 1 1 2
37 3 1 4
38 2 - 2
39 1 2 3
40 - 2 2
41 4 2 6
42 1 - 1
43 - - -
44 - 1 1
45 1 - 1
46 - 2 2
47 - - -
48 - - -
49 - 1 1
50 - 1 1
51 2 - 2
52 - 2 2
53 1 2 3
54 2 1 3
55 - - -
56 - - -
57 - 1 1
58 - - -
59 - 1 1
60 1 - 1
61 - - -
62 1 - 1
63 - 1 1
64 - 1 1
65 - 1 1
66 - - -
67 - - -
68 - - -
69 - - -
70 - - -
TOTAL 49 42 91
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
43
Table 4.9: Population By Age Group and Marital Status
AGE GROUP
MARITAL STATUS
SINGLE MARRIED WIDOWER DIVORCED/
SEPARATED
COMMON
LAW/LIVE-IN TOTAL
Below 10
years old
0 0 0 0 0 0
10-14 4 0 0 0 0 4
15-19 9 1 0 0 0 10
20-24 11 2 0 0 0 13
25-29 1 7 0 0 0 8
30-34 1 10 0 1 0 12
35-39 0 12 0 0 0 12
40-44 1 9 0 0 0 10
45-49 0 4 0 0 0 4
50-54 1 9 1 0 0 11
55-59 0 2 0 0 0 2
60-64 0 4 0 0 0 4
65 and above 0 1 0 0 0 1
TOTAL 28 61 1 1 0 91
Table 4.10: Educational Attainment of Waste Pickers by Age Group
HIGHEST
EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
AGE GROUP
Below
10
10
-
14
15-
19
20-
24
25-
29
30-
34
35-
39
40-
44
45-
49
50-
54
55-
59
60-
64
65 &
above
TOTAL
No Grade
Completed
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pre-School 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Elementary
1st-4th Grade 0 2 0 5 0 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 0 18
5th-7th Grade 0 2 4 6 5 5 8 8 2 8 1 2 1 52
High School
Undergraduate 0 0 3 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
Graduate 0 0 3 1 1 3 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 11
Post-Secondary
(Voc./Technical)
Undergraduate
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Graduate 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
College
Undergraduate
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Academic Degree
Holder
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 0 4 10 13 8 12 12 10 4 11 2 4 1 91
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
44
Table 4.11: Household Size
HOUSEHOLD SIZE NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD
1 0
2 3
3 7
4 14
5 15
6 11
7 6
8 10
9 12
10 4
Above 10 9
TOTAL 91
Table 4.12: Income Sources of Waste Pickers
163. On income from waste picking, twenty-five (25) waste pickers are gaining the amount of
below P 1,000.00 per month only. However, 9 of these are students earning below P500 in their
waste picking work to address their needs in their studies. Table 4.13 shows the monthly household
income of waste pickers from waste picking and other sources.
164. With the upcoming closure of the open dumpsite of Legazpi City wherein these waste pickers
will be evicted from their waste picking activity, there is really a need to provide them with a
livelihood based on their skills and experience. Through these alternative livelihood activities, they
can earn income equal or more than the income they earn in waste picking where they can support
the basic needs of their respective families/households.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
45
Table 4.13: Monthly Income of Waste Pickers from Waste Picking and Other Sources
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
46
5.0 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION
MEASURES
5.1 Social Impacts
165. The open dumpsite is situated in a remote location and it is devoid of community residents.
Compared to other dumpsites in the Philippines, there are no informal settlers residing/squatting in
the area, thus, no physical structures either permanent or temporary in nature that exists. The
presence of the waste pickers in the dumpsite is limited only to a situation where the sanitary
landfill facility could not be operated due to heavy rainfall occurrence. The site where the opean
dumpsite is located is a property of LGU Legazpi thus no land taking is necessary.
166. The practice of scavenging by the waste pickers according to them is centered mainly on two
reasons, to wit: 1.) to search for recyclable materials to be sold to junk buyers, and 2.) to retrieve
biodegradable kitchen wastes/food scraps to serve as animal feeds for swine backyard raising.
167. Makeshift resting/waiting shed out of scrap materials like tarpaulin, plastics, sacks or any
related material are used and some just make use of the present naturally shaded areas to protect
them from the weather elements while waiting for the expected wastes that are to be disposed.
Recovered waste materials are temporarily stored on site while waiting for the junk buyers. These
waste materials which are typically recyclable wastes are immediately sold to junk buyers at the
end of the working day. There are about four local junk buyers from the barangay who directly
transact to the waste picker to buy the retrieved recyclable wastes. While the biodegradable
feedstuff are brought to their places of abode for animal feeds.
168. Income gained by each waste picker from waste picking of recyclables at the dumpsite of
Legazpi varies which ranges from P10.00 to 200.00 pesos per day plus food scraps for animal feeds
gathered by some of them. This gain of the waste pickers from the dumpsite will cease once the
open dumpsite is already closed. However, social impact to the economic aspect of the waste picker
will be experienced by them due to a direct loss of a certain amount which used to be a
supplementary to their other income sources.
169. A total of 91 waste pickers is presently getting their source of livelihood from the open
dumpsite. Impacts to the waste pickers when closure activities of the dumpsite commence will
have minimal to significant economic effect to their lives as waste pickers. During opendumpsite
closure, the IWS will not be allowed to go to the site during the construction and engineering works
for safety and health reasons thus depriving them their source of livelihood.
170. Specific significant social impacts of open dumpsite closure to the affected waste pickers can
be summarized as follows:
Loss of source of livelihood for 91 waste pickers who are completely or partially dependent
on continued dump site operations;
Deterioration of already poor economic status of the whole family of waste pickers who
sourced their means of living from waste picking; and,
Loss of financial source for 11 students to support their studies who are deriving school
allowances from waste picking.
5.2 Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures
171. Table 5.1 summarizes the subproject’s environmental and social impacts and mitigation
measures.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
47
Table 5.1 Sub-Project’s Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
1) Site
preparation garbage slide;
soil erosion
minimal to
moderate garbage slide beyond the dumpsite
property has the potential to cause
nuisance and property conflict with
adjacent property owners;
garbage slide can cause pollution of
nearby Caridad creek which is 500-
m away east of the dumpsite;
soil erosion can result to the siltation
of nearby Caridad creek
EMP to avoid garbage slide:
During the grading and sub-grading preparation, all excavation
materials including old wastes must be confined within the
confines of the dumpsite property. It is not acceptable to dump
any of these materials outside of the dumpsite property;
All construction materials including heavy equipment to be used
during site preparation must be confined within designated or
specific area and should be inside the property of the open
dumpsite;
In summary, the use area outside of the property line of the open
dumpsite must be avoided to eliminate nuisance and conflict with
adjacent property owners, and contamination and/or pollution of
adjacent Caridad creek and private properties.
EMP to minimize, eliminate or avoid soil erosion:
During site preparation, soil or silt interceptor must be provided by
the Contractor in order to avoid or address the problem of soil
erosion.
ECOP to address garbage slide and soil erosion:
Overall, to address garbage slide and soil erosion, the Contractor
should refer to the details of this EMP as provided under Items
A.5.4.3 (Environmental Protection During Construction) and C.2.3
Construction and Material Specifications, Section VI -
Technical Specification of the PBD which will eventually form
part of the Contractor’s Contract Agreement.
A.5.4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
A.5.4.1 Environmental Protection Plan
Contractor to submit an Environmental
Protection Plan with operational details within
one month after arrival on site.
A.5.4.2 Environmental Officer
The Contractor shall have on his staff on Site for
the duration of the Contract a designated officer
qualified to promote and maintain sound
environmental management during construction
and specifically the implementation of the
approved Environmental Protection Plan. This
officer shall have authority to issue instructions
and shall take precautionary measures to prevent
environmental damage, including but not limited
the establishment of environmentally sound
working practices and the training of staff and
labor in their implementation.
A.5.4.3 Environmental Protection during
Construction
1. The road crosses or passes close to several
areas of existing or recent instability, and the
Engineer shall have the power to disallow
the method of construction and/or the use of
any borrow/stockpile/spoil disposal area if in
his opinion the stability and safety of the
Works or any adjacent feature is endangered,
or if there is undue interference with the
natural or artificial drainage, or if the method
or use of the area will promote undue
erosion. In particular, the Contractor shall
note that side-casting of spoil (downslope
disposal of material from excavation) will
not normally be permitted.
2. Borrow areas and quarries shall be sited,
worked and restored with conservation
measures and planting to the satisfaction of
the Engineer, and in addition reinstate the
area so that it satisfies any agreement with
the landowner.
3. Following excavation, the Contractor shall
take all steps necessary to complete drainage
and slope protection works in advance of
each rainy season. Erosion or instability or
sediment deposition arising from operations
not in accordance with the Specifications
shall be made good immediately by the
Contractor at his expense.
4. Notwithstanding approval of the intended
method of working, the Contractor shall at
all times be responsible for constructing the
earthworks in accordance with the
Specifications and Drawings.
2) Construction
of access road access road
construction
may damage
existing
vegetation;
access road
may cause
swamping of
illegal land
occupants and
IWS during
SLF and MRF
operation;
access road
may cause land
conversion
(from
agricultural to
built-up area)
Moderate to
significant new access road alignment may
damage existing vegetation (i.e.,
cutting of trees);
provision of access road may lead to
in-migration of illegal settlers;
access road may induce land use
conversion from agricultural to
built-up area;
LGU Legazpi should provide a clear and specific alignment of the
access road to be used for the long-term operation of the SLF and
the proposed MRF and for the maintenance of the closed open
dump site;
The LGU should be able to regulate the land use along the access
road as prescribed in their CLUP and should be able to avoid
and/or regulate the proliferation of illegal land conversion and
illegal settler;
Materials shall not be stored on any roadway except where and as
permitted by the designated Engineer of LGU Legazpi City.
Stockpiling of construction materials shall be confined to such
areas as may be approved by the designated Engineer of LGU
Legazpi City. Additional space required, unless otherwise
stipulated, shall be provided by the Contractor at his expense;
Where stockpiling is done outside of the right-of-way, the
Contractor shall secure the permission of the property owner and
the site shall be abandoned immediately when the portion of the
Works for which it is required is completed, and the natural
surfaces shall then be restored as nearly as possible to the original
condition by the Contractor at his expense;
The Contractor shall pay all costs, expenses, compensation or other
disbursements, which may be incurred by him in negotiations with
owner, occupier or public authority. The full costs, expenses,
compensation or other disbursements shall be deemed to be
included in the Contract Price. The Contractor shall be responsible
for all damage, which he may do to land or property lying outside
the working space as defined above.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
48
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
Construction traffic generated dust should be minimized by
watering the roadways; and,
The Contractor should be able to Section IV and A.5.10, Section
VI - Technical Specification of the PBD which will eventually
form part of the Contractor’s Contract Agreement.
5. The project area can experience inclement
weather – fog, heavy rainfall and typhoons –
and earthquakes. It will be deemed that the
Contractor is familiar with these conditions
and has formulated his work programme
considering possible loss of time due to
these causes, and it shall be the obligation of
the Contractor to revise his work programme
and enhance his construction efforts as
necessary to ensure timely completion of the
work scheduled for each working season.
Where damage from rainfall, flooding or
earthquake is exceptional the provisions of
Clauses 5.07 and 5.10 of the General
Provisions shall apply.
A.5.4.4 Revegetation of Disturbed Ground
1. Where directed by the Engineer, the
Contractor shall establish vegetation on fill
slopes, cut slopes of 1V: 1H or less, worked
out borrow pits, and other areas which may
include roadway shoulders and verges, spoil
disposal areas, stockpile areas, quarries,
access tracks, plant sites, camps, landslide
scars, gullies, and stream and river banks.
Prior to placing topsoil and/or establishing
vegetation on embankments, all fill material
not compacted to the required standards shall
be removed from the side slopes.
2. The Contractor shall be responsible for
supplying sufficient planting material to
carry out all revegetation work, and shall
establish and operate plant nurseries as
necessary and shall make his own
arrangements for procuring cuttings, slips
and seed for growing.
A.5.4.5 Prevention of Pollution and Soil Degradation
1. The Contractor shall ensure that his activities
do not result in any contamination of land or
water by polluting substances. He shall limit
the sourcing out of soil cover materials in
sites that are approved by DENR, including
seeking the proper clearance for the creation
of borrow pits. He shall implement physical
and operational measures such as earth
bounds of adequate capacity around fuel, oil
and solvent storage tanks and stores, oil and
grease traps in drainage systems from
workshops, vehicle and plant washing
facilities and service and fuelling areas and
kitchens, the establishment of sanitary solid
and liquid waste disposal systems, the
maintenance in effective condition of these
measures, the establishment of emergency
response procedures for pollution events,
and dust suppression, all in accordance with
3) Drainage
system During rainy
season, leachate
generation is
high
Significant
(during rainy
season)
Leachate contamination of Caridad
creek and groundwater
Hydraulic gradient of final surface and side slopes for surface
drainage should be able to allow the surface runoff to flow
sufficiently for maximum removal of runoff and to minimize
runoff percolation into the open dumpsite to minimize leachate
generation.
It is recommended that the final surface of the fill should be graded
to about 2 - 4%, while the side slopes should have a vertical to
horizontal ratio less of about 1:3 (see below figure).
Grading of the final surface
Erosion of road
surface and
periphery is
high
Significant
(during rainy
season)
Siltation of nearby Caridad creek
4) Leachate
management Surface and
groundwater
and soil
contamination
(due to
discharge of
untreated
leachate)
Moderate
(during dry
season) to high
(during rainy
season)
leachate contains high BOD and
microbial load that could
contaminate Caridad creek and
groundwater underneath the open
dumpsite;
leachate from mixed waste dumped
in the open dumpsite may contain
hazardous materials such as
batteries, used oil, paints, or other
hazardous wastes and should not
reach the nearby Caridad creek
The Contractor' shall employ construction methods that will
prevent entrance or accidental spillage of old solid waste,
construction, leachate, debris and other objectionable pollutants
and wastes into Caridad creek. Aside from leachate and old solid
waste, such pollutants and wastes include but, are not restricted to
refuse, garbage, cement, concrete, sewage effluent, oil, waste
water, human wastes and other petroleum products. The
Contractor shall submit his plan showing the location and detailed
design and plans of the water pollution prevention systems and
facilities to the designated Engineer of LGU Legazpi City for
concurrence and approval.
5) Landfill gas
management
Air pollution
especially
emission of
methane gas
Very high Gas emission from open dumpsite
contains methane gas ( a greenhouse
gas); malodorous gas is likewise
emitted from open dumpsite which
can irritate nearby community and
cause respiratory diseases
Nine (9) units of perforated 100 mm diameter schedule 20 G.I.
landfill gas extraction pipes will be placed about 50 m apart (or
less) from each other. Estimated length of these pipes is 6 m but
may vary depending on actual depth of the waste, which includes
the portions buried in waste, soil cover layers and the exposed
venting section. Each pipe is placed in concentricity with a gravel-
filled dry well for protection and enhanced gas collection. The
materials to be used as gas pipe are flexible enough to withstand
movement as the landfill settles;
A provision for methane gas capture may be considered by the
LGU Legazpi, however, entails a significant capital investment and
for this sub-project may not be a viable option. In fact, a technical
staff from LBP who is in-charge of CDM methane recovery project
has visited the project site and found the viability as negative.
6) Application of
soil cover
Breeding ground
of vermin, flies,
and other
potential carriers
of communicable
Very high Proliferation of diseases; Poor
sanitation conditions;
Application of intermediate/final soil cover (clay and topsoil) shall
be employed. Specifically, the final cover is comprised of a 45-cm
compacted soil and 15cm thick loose topsoil. Clayey soil is
available at the site and in nearby sites approved by DENR to
ensure continuous supply. A backhoe and a truck will be used to
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
49
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
diseases excavate and haul these inert materials for use as intermediate/final
soil cover. A back hoe and bulldozer will be used to apply, spread
and compact clayey soil for top/side embankment over 8,395.56
m2 of dumpsite area with recent waste dumping. Other sections
within the 23,220 m2.dumpsite is already covered with clayey soil
and will just be subject to waste compaction. A 0.15-cm of topsoil
will then be loosely applied to the entire area.
normal good practice and to the satisfaction
of the Engineer.
2. Should any pollution arise from the
Contractor’s activities including the
improper deposition of sediment he shall
clean up the affected area immediately at his
own cost and to the satisfaction of the
Engineer, and shall pay full compensation to
any affected parties.
3. The Contractor's construction activities shall
be performed by methods that will prevent
entrance or accidental spillage of solid
matter, contaminants, debris and other
objectionable pollutants and wastes into
streams, flowing or dry water courses and
underground water sources. Such pollutants
and wastes include but, are not restricted to
refuse, garbage, cement, concrete, sewage
effluent, industrial waste, oil, waste water,
human wastes and other petroleum products.
The Contractor shall submit his plan
showing the location and detailed design and
plans of the water pollution prevention
systems and facilities to the designated
Engineer of LGU Legazpi City for approval.
4. For the construction works during rainy
season, silt generated by the construction
should be prevented from entering into the
rivers by construction of canals which will
direct the storm water from the construction
site to the nearest possible infiltration site
(e.g., natural depressions or temporary
retaining basins).
5. Oil pollution should be avoided by proper
construction management (e.g., training of
operators, laborers and workers). A
comprehensive action plan should be made
and submitted by the Contractor for approval
of the designated Engineer of LGU Legazpi
City to prevent accidental oil and related
products spills in contaminating surface and
ground water.
A.5.4.6 Protection of Trees and Vegetation
1. Unless otherwise provided in the
Specifications, the Contractor shall ensure
that no trees or shrubs or waterside
vegetation are felled or harmed except for
those required to be cleared for execution of
the Works. The Contractor shall protect trees
and vegetation from damage to the
satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor
shall be responsible for obtaining any
necessary felling permits and for ensuring
the disposal of felled trees in accordance
with prevailing regulations. No tree shall be
Garbage slide,
soil erosion
Very high Garbage slide can cause damage to
property and life;
Soil erosion can result to the siltation
of nearby water bodies and clogging
of drainage canals
7) Spreading and
compaction of
waste
Garbage slide,
soil erosion
Very high Garbage slide can cause damage to
property and life;
Can cause pollution of nearby Caridad
creek;
The active working face should be minimized as much as practical.
An appropriate size is about 2 to 3 times the width of the
compactor vehicle.
Waste is spread and compacted in layers not greater than 0.6m (2
ft.) after compaction.
Compaction of the waste should be on a slope of about 20-30%
and worked from the bottom of the slope to the top
Waste spreading and compaction
8) Fencing and
putting up of
gate
Illegal entries
people;
Very high Exposure to health risk and hazards; The fence shall cover the entire perimeter of the open dumpsite
using cost effective fence materials consisting of chain link fence
fabric, concrete post, etc. as specified in the Technical
Specifications;
To avoid land disturbance and movement, fence shall generally
follow the contour of the ground. Grading shall be performed
where necessary to provide a neat appearance
High potential for
fires or garbage
fire;
Very high Illegally entering people may initiate
fire on dumpsite
High potential for
illegal or
indiscriminate
wastes dumping
containing
hazardous wastes
Very high As there is no screening of waste
entries, illegally dumped mixed waste
in the open dumpsite may contain
hazardous materials such as batteries,
used oil, paints,
or other hazardous wastes may
contaminate soil and water and impact
public, plant and animal community
around the open dumpsite
9) Environmental
and health
impacts
Open burning of
solid waste
causing emission
of toxic
substances to the
air from the
Very high Cause air pollution;
Irritation from emission of toxic
substances to the air which can cause
respiratory illnesses;
Emissions of UPOPs
Provision of security fence and gate
Provision of signage to provide advices and warning to the public
Total cessation of dumping in the site
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
50
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
burning of
plastics and other
materials
removed without the prior approval of the
Engineer and any competent authorities.
Should the Contractor become aware during
the period of the Contract that any tree or
trees designated for clearance have cultural
or religious significance shall immediately
inform the Engineer and await his
instructions before proceeding with
clearance.
2. In the event that trees or other vegetation not
designated for clearance are damaged or
destroyed, they shall be repaired or replaced
to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
A.5.4.7 Use of Wood as Fuel
The Contractor shall not use or permit the
use of wood as a fuel for the execution of
any part of the Works, including but not
limited to the heating of bitumen and
bitumen mixtures, and to the extent
practicable shall ensure that fuels other than
wood are used for cooking, space and water
heating in all camps and living
accommodations. Any wood so used must be
harvested legally, and the Contractor shall
provide the Engineer with copies of the
relevant permits if required.
A.5.4.8 Fire Prevention
1. In addition to the provision of adequate fire-
fighting equipment at his base camp and
other facilities to the satisfaction of the
Engineer, the Contractor shall take all
precautions necessary to ensure that no
vegetation along the line of the road outside
the area of the permanent works is affected
by fires arising from the execution of the
Works. These precautions shall include :
a. the prevention of fires for any purpose in
the vicinity of the Works except where
expressly permitted by the Engineer.
2. Should a fire occur in the natural vegetation
or plantations adjacent to the road for any
reason the Contractor shall immediately
suppress it. In the event of any other fire
emergency in the vicinity of the Works the
Contractor shall render assistance to the civil
authorities to the best of his ability.
3. Areas of forest, scrub or plantation damages
by fire considered by the Engineer to have
been initiated by the Contractor’s staff or
labor shall be replanted and otherwise
restored to the satisfaction of the Engineer at
the Contractor’s expense.
A.5.4.9 Restricted Areas
In undertaking the Works, the Contractor
shall be aware that the Engineer may
prohibit or restrict the Contractor’s activities
10) Waste picking Social, sanitation
and public health
problems persist
Very high Image of poverty and poor social
condition;
The IWS are exposed to health risk
and hazards
Provision of Social Development Plan with focus on livelihood
provision. Details are provided in a standalone SDP report
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
51
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
in other ecologically, culturally or
historically sensitive areas which become
known to him during the course of the
project. The location of any such areas shall
be notified to the Contractor by the Engineer
at the earliest opportunity.
A.5.4.10 Relations with Local Communities and
Authorities
1. In siting and operating his plant and facilities
and in executing the Works the Contractor
shall at all-time bear in mind and to the
extent practicable minimize the impact of his
activities on existing communities. Where
communities are likely to be affected by
major activities such as road widening or the
establishment of a camp or quarry or
extensive road closure or bypassing, he shall
liaise closely with the concerned
communities and their representatives and if
so directed, shall attend additional meetings
arranged by the Engineer or procuring entity
to resolve issues and claims and minimize
impacts on local communities.
2. Any problems arising from his operations
and which cannot be resolved by the
Contractor shall be referred to the procuring
entity through the Engineer. The Contractor
shall be responsible for any compensation
due or reinstatement necessary with respect
to any damage caused by him to areas
outside the Site and no separate payment will
be made in this regard.
A.5.4.11 Privately or Community-Owned Services
and Structures
1. The Contractor shall take all necessary
precautions to ensure that no public or
private services, utilities or similar facilities
are damaged or interrupted by the Works.
These precautions shall include but not be
limited to liaison with public and private
service providers, local government units,
and private owners; a condition survey of all
affected services; provision of a satisfactory
alternative service while the Works are
carried out; and reinstatement of a
satisfactory permanent facility after
completion of the Works in each area.
2. No service or utilities shall be disturbed or
cut before arrangements have been made for
a satisfactory alternative service, or the
Contractor has obtained agreement in writing
from the service provider or owner to a
temporary cessation of service.
3. Not less than 14 days before commencing
site clearance on any particular section of
work in accordance with his agreed
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
52
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
Programme of Work, the Contractor shall
supply the Engineer for his approval a copy
of his condition survey of all utilities and
services to be affected, copies of any
agreements with service providers and
owners, his plans for providing temporary
service, and his plans for reinstating
permanent service following construction of
the Works.
4. Provision of temporary and permanent
services shall be to at least the pre-existing
level of service and to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.
A.5.4.12 Water Supply for Construction
1. The Contractor shall make his own
arrangements at his own expense for water
supply for construction and other purposes.
Only clean water free from deleterious
materials and of appropriate quality for its
intended use shall be used. In providing
water the Contractor shall ensure that the
rights of and supply to existing users are not
affected either in quality, quantity or timing.
2. In the event of a dispute over the effect of
the Contractor’s arrangements on the water
supply of others, the Engineer shall be
informed immediately and shall instruct the
Contractor as to appropriate remedial actions
to be undertaken at his expense.
A.5.4.13 Hot Mix, Screening and Crushing Plants
The Contractor shall not locate any hot mix,
screening, crushing or similar potentially
polluting plant closer than 200m to any
settlement, unless such plant is fitted with
dust suppression equipment and be operated
and maintained at all times in conformity
with the manufacturer’s specifications,
instructions and manuals.
A.5.4.14 Operation of Crushing Plant and Stock
Yard
The Contractor shall locate plants and stock
yard away from residential and
environmentally sensitive areas. Provide
adequate pollution control devices, air filters,
etc. and the equipment shall be operated
during daytime only.
A.5.4.15 Construction and Management of Work
Camp
The location of the work camp shall be far
from residential areas. Provide adequate fuel
or LPG for cooking and other needs. The
collection and treatment of solid wastes shall
be maintained during construction. Illegal
fishing and hunting in the vicinity of the
camp shall be prohibited. Cutting of trees
shall be avoided and removal of vegetation
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
53
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
shall be minimized. Water and pit latrine
facilities shall be provided for the
employees. At conclusion of the project, all
wreckage, rubbish or temporary works that
are no longer required shall be removed or
given to local residents. All temporary
structures including office building, shelters
and latrines shall be removed to prevent
encroachment within the road right of way.
The site shall be restored to near natural or
stable conditions. The Engineer shall report
in writing that the camp has been vacated
and restored to pre-project conditions before
acceptance of the works.
A.5.4.16 Traffic Control
The Contractor shall ensure that all works
are adequately sign posted (see Table
4.16) especially where restrictions on the
width of the roadway are imposed due to
construction works. The Contractor shall
provide details in writing to the Engineer
for his approval at least 7 days in advance
of the works. On receipt of the Engineer’s
approval, advance warning signs, coning
and bunding, stop and give way signs,
other appropriate signing and lighting
shall be provided and maintained by the
Contractor in accordance with his
proposals and the effectiveness of this
signing and lighting shall be constantly
monitored by the Contractor.
All full, partial and temporary road
closures shall be manned by the
Contractor, day and night. All operatives
shall be trained and fully briefed by the
Contractor on their responsibilities. These
shall include achieving minimum
disruption to traffic consistent with the
safety of pedestrians, construction
operatives and supervisory staff and
vehicular traffic.
Utilization of flagmen is necessary to
direct the flow of traffic for any
restriction to traffic (reduction to one
lane-whatever is the duration of time).
Where appropriate the traffic controllers
or flagmen shall be provided with
communication equipment.
A.5.4.16.1 Medical and First –Aid Facilities
The Contractor shall carefully plan his
traffic control arrangements and liaise
with all concerned parties to advertise and
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
54
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
seek agreement on the most universally
acceptable traffic management practices.
Diversions shall be advertised in advance
and fully signed and lighted when
implemented. Safety of all parties using
and working on the road shall be
paramount. The Contractor will be
required to provide and maintain effective
protective fences, bunding, etc. below
slope works and to define the edges of
steep excavations or existing downslopes,
and in association provide signing and
lighting as necessary.
All barricades, fences and such other aids
as are required shall be reflectorized and
shall conform to the regulations of the
DPWH and shall be illuminated at night
by lanterns.
The Contractor shall appoint, subject to
the approval of the Engineer’s
Representative, a responsible member of
his staff to inspect daily all traffic aids
within the site and to arrange such
cleaning and repair as the Engineer
considers necessary to maintain the
proper effectiveness of these traffic aids
at all times.
A.5.4.16.2 Contractor’s Liability and
Responsibilities
he Contractor shall be fully liable for
traffic control and safety. Approval by the
Engineer of the Contractor’s traffic
control and signing proposals in no way
will be construed as relieving the
Contractor of any of his obligations or
liabilities.
A.5.4.17 Measurement and Payment
The Contract price is understood to
include the cost of environmental
protection measures, monitoring and
reporting.
I. Roads
Sufficient access roads for clear and safe
working.
II. Parking
Sufficient parking areas.
III. Plant
It is anticipated that a crushing and
batching plant will be required together
with cranes and other accessorial items of
a functional plant.
Cost for the fabrication yard is deemed to
be included in the pay item for
mobilization and demobilization.
A.5.10 FINISHING/CLEARING THE SITE
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
55
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
Upon completion of all construction operations,
the entire roadway or roadways shall be finished as
specified in these specifications.
Stockpiling of materials on the finished
construction area and drifting of materials across
the pavement will not be permitted. The finished
pavement shall be cleaned of all dirt and foreign
material.
The slopes of embankments, excavations, road
approaches, road connections, ditches, channel
changes, and material sites within or adjacent to
the project boundaries shall be finished to the lines
and grades called for by the plans. Ditches and
channels within or adjacent to the project
boundaries shall be cleared of debris and
obstructions. Sewers, culverts and other drainage
facilities and their appurtenant structures
constructed under the contract shall be cleaned out.
All stones and other waste material exposed on
slopes, which are liable to become loosened, shall
be removed and disposed of. All materials and
debris resulting from clearing and grubbing
operations not previously removed shall be
disposed of.
All materials resulting from the above specified
finishing operations shall become the property of
the Contractor and shall be disposed of outside the
project boundaries unless otherwise permitted by
the special provisions.
Disposal of materials shall be disposed of in
designated areas as approved by the Engineer.
A.5.11 WORKING SPACE, STORAGE AND
STOCKPILING OF MATERIALS
The Contractor shall be solely responsible for
providing all other areas he may need for the
construction of his temporary offices, warehouse,
workshops, laboratory, storage areas, etc.
Materials shall not be stored on any roadway
except where and as permitted by the designated
Engineer of LGU Legazpi City. Stockpiling of
construction materials shall be confined to such
areas as may be approved by the designated
Engineer of LGU Legazpi City. Additional space
required, unless otherwise stipulated, shall be
provided by the Contractor at his expense.
Where stockpiling is done outside of the right-of-
way, the Contractor shall secure the permission of
the property owner and the site shall be abandoned
immediately when the portion of the Works for
which it is required is completed, and the natural
surfaces shall then be restored as nearly as possible
to the original condition by the Contractor at his
expense
The Contractor shall pay all costs, expenses,
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
56
Site Activity/ies
Potential
environmental
and social and
impacts
Magnitude of
impacts Impact Description Management Plan
Supporting Details and Relevant Provisions of the
Management Plan (as Contained in the Technical
Specifications and Contractor’s Contract)
compensation or other disbursements, which may
be incurred by him in negotiations with owner,
occupier or public authority. The full costs,
expenses, compensation or other disbursements
shall be deemed to be included in the Contract
Price. The Contractor shall be responsible for all
damage, which he may do to land or property lying
outside the working space as defined above.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
57
6.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
6.1 No-UPOPs Action Plan Alternative
172. The existence of the open dumpsite in Legazpi City is a not a desirable practice where
indiscriminate dumping of solid waste happens without regard to the surrounding environment. As
it is, Legazpi City’s open dumpsite is characterize by the following: (i) un-covered waste, (ii) prone
to open fires and/or waste periodically on fire which generates UPOPs and other gas pollutants, (iii)
mixed wastes are dumped which may contain chemically and biologically hazardous materials, no
application of cover soil, (iv) leachate is discharged untreated and directly to the surrounding
environment, (v) landfill gases are unmanaged which at optimum condition can cause open fire.
173. In terms of social impacts, the existence of open dumpsite is often characterized with the
presence of unorganized waste pickers. The open dumpsite also becomes habitat for disease
causing vectors.
174. From the point of view of community sanitation and environmental protection, open dumpsite
generates a lot of adverse impacts to the environment and to public safety and health.
175. In the UPOPs Action Plan for Legazpi City, the existing open dumpsite is proposed to undergo
complete closure and rehabilitation. The closure of the open dumpsite will enhance the city’s
SWM practices. Without the UPOPs Action Plan, the practice of open dumping will persist with its
social and environmental impacts unmitigated. Therefore, the no-UPOPS Action Plan alternative is
not desirable.
6.2 With UPOPs AP Alternative
176. With AP implemented, it will bring about an array of improvements in the SWM practices in
Legazpi City. Foremost of all is the closure and rehabilitation of the existing open dumpsite;
secondly is the operation of a sanitary landfill, a more orderly system of waste disposal. In this
case, environmental pollution is abated.
177. In line with social status improvement of the waste pickers, built in to the AP is the provision
of alternative livelihoods that could potentially provide more earnings to the waste pickers and their
social welfare improved.
178. With AP implemented, burning or fire at the open dumpsite will be addressed thus
minimizing, it not eliminated at all, the emissions of UPOPs and other gas pollutants.
179. Below is a simplistic comparison of the two (2) alternatives which justifies the need to
implement UPOPS Action Plan.
Table 6.1 Comparison of Alternatives
(No-UPOPs Action Plan Alternative vs. With UPOPs Action Plan Alternatives)
Item of Concern No-UPOPs Action Plan
Alternative
With UPOPs Action
Plan Alternative
1) Surface and groundwater contamination
cause by leachate
Persistent / causing damage to the
environment and public health
Mitigated / adverse
impacts are minimized if
not eliminated
2) Soil contamination Persistent / causing damage to the
environment and public health
Mitigated / adverse
impacts are minimized if
not eliminated
3) Open burning of solid waste causing
emission of toxic substances to the air from
the burning of plastics and other materials
Persistent / causing damage to the
environment and public health
Mitigated / adverse
impacts are minimized if
not eliminated
4) Breeding ground of vermin, flies, and other
potential carriers of communicable diseases
Persistent / causing damage to the
environment and public health
Mitigated / adverse
impacts are minimized if
not eliminated
5) Air pollution No gas management/causing damage
to the environment and public health
Mitigated / adverse
impacts are minimized if
not eliminated
6) Waste picking Social, sanitation and public health
problems persist
Mitigated / adverse
impacts are minimized if
not eliminated
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
58
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)
7.1 Details of the Proposed ESMP
180. The details of the subproject’s environmental management plan (EMP) are provided in Table
5.1.
7.2 Details of the Social Management Plan
181. LGU Legazpi’s UPOPs Action Team has crafted its own Social Development Plan. There are
91 intended beneficiaries of the alternative livelihood programs. The list of proposed alternative
livelihood program is presented in Table 7.1. The total beneficiaries does not tally to 91 IWS
because the livelihood programs can be taken as multiple livelihood programs by some members of
the affected IWS, thus the total exceeds 91 IWS.
Table 7.1: Summary of the Intended Livelihood Projects for IWS
182. The details of the project implementation for the proposed livelihood projects/intervention
namely the Hog Raising Project, Organic Crop Production with Urban Container Gardening,
Junkshop or Buy & Sell of Scrap and Education Support to IWS are presented with in great details
in the Project Brief Section of the SDP Document.
183. Presented in Table 7.2 is the estimated needed budget for all IWS intervention including its
source of funds.
Table 7.2: Budgetary Requirement for SDP
184. Full details of the SDP is presented in Annex 4 (SDP).
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
59
7.3 Built-in ESMP in the Tender Documents and Contractor’s Contract
185. Tender Documents and Construction Contracts. Environmentally responsible procurement
advocates the inclusion in construction contract documents the provisions addressing the
management of social and environmental impacts and risk during construction. For the sub-
project’s tender documents, the contractor’s TOR (for the execution of ESMP) is included as part of
the Philippine Bidding Documents (Section IV- Specifications and TOR for Contractors for ESMP
Implementation) (See Annex 3).
186. Unanticipated Environmental Impacts. Where unanticipated environmental impacts become
apparent during project implementation, LGU Legazpi with guidance from DENR/EMB shall
prepare a supplementary environmental assessment and ESMP to assess the potential impacts and
outline mitigation measures and resources to address those impacts.
7.4 Environmental Monitoring
187. For effective implementation of the ESMP, it is essential that an effective monitoring program
be designed and carried out. The objectives of the monitoring program are:
To ensure that the measures suggested herein are being taken during construction
To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed mitigation and enhancement measures
To investigate the adequacy of the ESMP as well as suggest improvements to it
To generate data that could be incorporated in future ESMPs
To evaluate what additional enforcement is required for the effective implementation
7.5 Summary of ESMP and Environmental Monitoring
188. Table 7.3 shows the summary of ESMP and Environmental Monitoring
7.6 Implementation Arrangement
189. This subsection presents the: (i) institutional set-up, (ii) implementation schedule, (iii) required
clearances and permits, and (iv) capability building.
7.6.1 Institutional Setup for ESMP Implementation
190. LGU Legazpi is the executing agency while DENR is the project implementing agency.
191. LGU Legazpi has the overall responsibility for sub-project execution up to completion.
192. DENR through its Project Management Office (PMO)/TWG with assistance from the
Consultant shall provide advisory assistance to LGU Legazpi in areas of technical design,
procurement, construction and compliance with safeguard requirements.
193. At the sub-project level, LGU Legazpi will be responsible in ensuring that all sub-project
ESMP requirements are met and executed during pre-construction, construction and operation
phase of the sub-project.
194. During the implementation phase, the Office of the Mayor through its OCENR, will function
as an entity to address grievance redress and ensure that all public complaints are promptly
addressed and resolved.
195. The planned livelihood project for waste pickers will be co-implemented by the city with the
non-government organization (NGO) that also has a project with the IWS. This is the Solid Waste
Management Association of the Philippines (SWAPP) through its local partner, the Bicol
Consortium for Development Initiatives (BCDI) or SWAPP-BCDI. The SWAPP was
commissioned by the World Bank-Japan Social Development Fund (WB-JSDF) to implement a
project for the informal waste sector. Since the target beneficiaries of the project are the same,
hence, the city will collaborate with SWAPP-BCDI to avoid overlapping or conflict of schedule of
activities with the project beneficiaries.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
60
196. The over-all management and supervision of the IWS Livelihood Program will be done by the
City Government of Legazpi through its implementing office, the Office of the City Environment
and Natural Resources (OCENR). The OCENR will coordinate with the City Veterinary Office
(CVO) and will ask their technical assistance in the implementation of the Hog Raising Project.
The OCENR will also establish a working camaraderie with SWAPP-BCDI to attain an effective
implementation of the Organic Crops Production Project and its other livelihood intervention
activities/strategies with the IWS. Other organizations/institutions will also be tapped such as the
Don Bosco Agro-Mechanical Technology Center for its expertise and technology in organic
farming and livestock raising and in enrolling the IWS youth in its Agro-Mechanical courses. For
the identified project Buy & Sell of Scrap, the city will also establish a partnership with junk buyers
within the city. On the other hand, the city will ensure that the skilled IWS particularly the youth
who graduated in agro-mechanical and other courses will be employed by the city where their skill
is needed.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
61
Table 7.3: Environmental Mitigation and Environmental Monitoring Plan for Legazpi City’s UPOPs Action Plan
Environmental
Concern Objective
Impact mitigation Performance and Impact monitoring
Proposed Mitigation
Measures
Responsible to
Implement
Measures
Timing to
Implement
Locations to
Implement
Measures
Mitigation
Cost
Performance
Indicator (PI)
Frequency &
Verification
Responsible
to Monitor
Monitoring
Cost
DESIGN & PRE-CONSTRUCTION
1. UPOPs Overall Action Plan (Detailed
Engineering Design,
PBD, Specifications and TOR for
Contractors (for
ESMP execution) and project
disclosure
Incorporate design measures in the
project design to
minimize environmental
impacts.
Compliance to WB and GOP
environmental
assessment process. Establishment of
Grievance Redress
Mechanism
1. Secure the services of the design and advisory
consultant to address
design requirements. 2. Formulate EIA and
ESMP based on detailed
design and submit to WB for review and approval.
3. Ensure ESMPs are
included in bidding and contract documents
4. Implement plan for
Grievance Redress Mechanism as described
in the EIA and inform
local authorities 6. Based on UPOPs
Action Plan, prepare the TOR for Contractors for
EMP Implementation
before construction commences.
LGU Legazpi (OCENR)
Pre-Construction Phase
Open Dumpsite Cost included in
overall
project cost.
UPOPs Action Plan in its entirety, EA and
ESMP Report
approved by DENR and WB; Permits and
clearances from
relevant authorities secured; and DED for
construction completed
During detailed design by the LGU;
Completion of Detailed
Engineering
Design, PBD, Specifications and
TOR for
Contractors (for ESMP execution
PMO - EMB/TWG
Consultant
Part of the PMO - EMB/
TWG
and Consultant
operational
cost
2. Social safeguard
instrument (SDP)
To ensure that the
identified social
impacts are addressed and
social mitigation
measures are acceptable to the
affected IWS
Provision of alternative
livelihoods
LGU Legazpi
(OCENR)
Pre-Construction
Phase
Open Dumpsite Cost
included in
overall project cost.
UPOPs Action Plan in
its entirety, ESMP and
SDP approved by DENR and WB
Completed prior to
commencement of
dump closure works
Availability of
completed and approved
documents;
Ground
implementation of
SDP;
Monitoring
parameters as indicated in the
SDP document.
PMO -
EMB/TWG
Consultant
LGU Legazpi City
Part of UPOPs
Action Plan
costing; PMO-EMB cost;
Consultant’s
cost; LGU cost
3. Environmental To ensure that the Provision of sound LGU Legazpi Pre-Construction Open Dumpsite Cost UPOPs Action Plan in Completed prior to PMO - Part of UPOPs
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
62
Environmental
Concern Objective
Impact mitigation Performance and Impact monitoring
Proposed Mitigation
Measures
Responsible to
Implement
Measures
Timing to
Implement
Locations to
Implement
Measures
Mitigation
Cost
Performance
Indicator (PI)
Frequency &
Verification
Responsible
to Monitor
Monitoring
Cost
Safeguard Instrument
(ESMP)
identified social
and environmental
impacts are addressed and
social and
environmental mitigation
measures are
executed properly
environmental
management measures as
spelled out in this document (details are
enumerated below:
(OCENR)
Phase included in
overall
project cost.
its entirety, EA and
ESMP
Report/approved by DENR and WB
commencement of
dump closure works
Availability of
completed and
approved documents;
Ground implementation of
ESMP;
Monitoring
parameters as
indicated in the ESMP document.
EMB/TWG
Consultant
LGU
Legazpi City
Action Plan
costing; PMO-
EMB cost; Consultant’s
cost;
LGU cost
CONSTRUCTION, OPERATIONAND MAINTENANCE
3.1 Site preparation Avoidance of
garbage slide and soil erosion
All those
mitigationindicated in Table 5.1 Item 1
Contractor (as
part of their Contract)
LGU Legazpi City to ensure
that the SEMP
is properly executed by the
Contractor
Complete plans
and drawings during DED /
design stage;
SEMP execution
during
construction phase
Within or
inside the confines of the
dump site
property/area;
Built-in as
part of the construction
cost
Garbage piling in
accordance with 1:3 slope requirement and
soil erosion control
measures implemented;
Technical
Specifications and ECOP adhered
Daily
Construction site
ocular/visual
inspection;
Site engineer report;
Incidence report
Photo
documentation
LGU
Legazpi
EMB 5
Regional Office
Part of the
Annual allocations on
Items 2.9 and
2.10 of Table 10 of the AP
3.2 Construction of
access road
Provision of sufficient access
roads for clear and
safe working
All those mitigation measures that are indicated
in Table 5.1 Item 2
Contractor (as part of their
Contract)
LGU Legazpi
City to ensure
that the SEMP is properly
executed by the
Contractor
Complete plans and drawings
during DED /
design stage;
SEMP execution
during construction
phase
Inside the confines of the
dump site
property/area ;
Within the
designated ROW for the
access road
Built-in as part of the
construction
cost
Technical Specifications and
ECOP for access road
construction adhered and complied with
Daily
Construction site
ocular/visual inspection;
Site engineer report;
Tree cutting
incidence report
Photo
documentation
LGU Legazpi
EMB 5 Regional
Office
Part of the Annual
allocations on
Items 2.9 and 2.10 of Table
10 of the AP
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
63
Environmental
Concern Objective
Impact mitigation Performance and Impact monitoring
Proposed Mitigation
Measures
Responsible to
Implement
Measures
Timing to
Implement
Locations to
Implement
Measures
Mitigation
Cost
Performance
Indicator (PI)
Frequency &
Verification
Responsible
to Monitor
Monitoring
Cost
3.3 Drainage system Provision of
efficient drainage
system to avoid soil erosion.
All those mitigation
measures that are indicated
in Table 5.1 Item 3
Contractor (as
part of their
Contract)
LGU Legazpi
City to ensure that the SEMP
is properly
executed by the Contractor
Complete plans
and drawings
during DED / design stage;
SEMP execution during
construction
phase
Inside the
confines of the
dump site property/area ;
Built-in as
part of the
construction cost
Technical
Specifications and
ECOP for drainage design adhered and
complied with;
Efficient drainage
system completed
Daily
Construction site ocular/visual
inspection;
Site engineer report;
Photo
documentation
LGU
Legazpi
EMB 5
Regional
Office
Part of the
Annual
allocations on Items 2.9 and
2.10 of Table
10 of the AP
3.4 Leachate
management
Avoidance of incidence of surface
and groundwater
and soil contamination
cause by leachate
All those mitigation measures that are indicated
in Table 5.1 Item 4
Provision of leachate
management systems in the
form of leachate collection system with HDPE pipes
and fittings;
Provision of drainage control systems to separate
runoff and minimize
leachate production;
Contractor (as part of their
Contract)
LGU Legazpi
City to ensure
that the SEMP is properly
executed by the
Contractor
Complete plans and drawings
during DED /
design stage;
SEMP execution
during construction
phase
Inside the confines of the
dump site
property/area ;
Built-in as part of the
construction
cost
Technical Specifications and
ECOP for leachate
design and construction adhered and complied
with;
Leachate management systems in the form of
leachate collection
system with HDPE pipes and fittings
completed;
Drainage control
systems to separate
runoff and minimize leachate production
provided and
completed
Daily
Construction site
ocular/visual inspection;
Site engineer report;
Photo documentation
LGU Legazpi
EMB 5 Regional
Office
Part of the Annual
allocations on
Items 2.9 and 2.10 of Table
10 of the AP
3.5 Application of soil cover
To stabilized waste piles;
To reduce nuisance from odor
emission;
To reduce leachate production;
To serve as media
for surface vegetation
Application of intermediate/final soil
cover (clay and topsoil) shall be employed.
Specifically, the final cover
is comprised of a 45-cm compacted soil and 15cm
thick loose topsoil. Clayey
soil is available at the site.
Contractor (as part of their
Contract)
LGU Legazpi
City to ensure that the SEMP
is properly
executed by the Contractor
Complete plans and drawings
during DED / design stage;
SEMP execution during
construction
phase
Inside the confines of the
dump site property/area ;
Built-in as part of the
construction cost
Technical Specifications and
ECOP for soil cover adhered and complied
with;
Leachate reduction
achieved;
Surface vegetation are
visible and present
Daily
Construction site ocular/visual
inspection;
Site engineer report;
Photo
documentation
LGU Legazpi
EMB 5
Regional
Office
Part of the Annual
allocations on Items 2.9 and
2.10 of Table
10 of the AP
3.6 Landfill gas To minimize Provision of gas vents to Contractor (as Complete plans Inside the Built-in as Technical Daily LGU Part of the
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
64
Environmental
Concern Objective
Impact mitigation Performance and Impact monitoring
Proposed Mitigation
Measures
Responsible to
Implement
Measures
Timing to
Implement
Locations to
Implement
Measures
Mitigation
Cost
Performance
Indicator (PI)
Frequency &
Verification
Responsible
to Monitor
Monitoring
Cost
management dumpsite fire due to
methane
combustion (both spontaneous and
man-made)
avoid methane gas build
up;
Provision of security fence
to avoid accidental fire
cause by intruders;
All those mitigation
measures that are indicated in Table 5.1 Item 5
part of their
Contract)
LGU Legazpi
City to ensure
that the SEMP is properly
executed by the
Contractor
and drawings
during DED /
design stage;
SEMP execution
during construction
phase
confines of the
dump site
property/area ;
part of the
construction
cost
Specifications and
ECOP for landfill gas
vents adhered and complied with;
Open burning not existing
Construction site
ocular/visual inspection;
Site engineer report;
Photo documentation
Legazpi
EMB 5 Regional
Office
Annual
allocations on
Items 2.9 and 2.10 of Table
10 of the AP
3.7 Spreading and
compaction of waste
To attain waste
piling stability and avoid garbage slide
and soil erosion
All those mitigation
measures that are indicated in Table 5.1 Item 7
- The active working
face should be minimized as much as
practical. An
appropriate size is about 2 to 3 times the
width of the compactor
vehicle. - Waste is spread and
compacted in layers
not greater than 0.6m (2 ft.) after
compaction.
- Compaction of the waste should be on a
slope of about 20-30%
and worked from the bottom of the slope to
the top
Contractor (as
part of their Contract)
LGU Legazpi City to ensure
that the SEMP
is properly executed by the
Contractor
Complete plans
and drawings during DED /
design stage;
SEMP execution
during
construction phase
Inside the
confines of the dump site
property/area ;
Built-in as
part of the construction
cost
Technical
Specifications and ECOP for spreading
and compaction of
waste adhered and complied with;
Waste compaction and slope are achieved;
Soil erosion measures
executed and completed
Daily
Construction site
ocular/visual
inspection;
Site engineer report;
Photo
documentation
LGU
Legazpi
EMB 5
Regional Office
Part of the
Annual allocations on
Items 2.9 and
2.10 of Table 10 of the AP
3.8 Fencing and putting up of gate
To avoid illegal entries of people
and unwanted
wastes;
- The fence shall cover the entire perimeter of
the open dumpsite
using cost effective fence materials
consisting of chain link
fence fabric, concrete post, etc. as specified
in the Technical
Specifications; - To avoid land
Contractor (as part of their
Contract)
LGU Legazpi
City to ensure
that the SEMP is properly
executed by the
Contractor
Complete plans and drawings
during DED /
design stage;
SEMP execution
during construction
phase
Inside the confines of the
dump site
property/area ;
Built-in as part of the
construction
cost
Technical Specifications and
ECOP for fencing and
gate adhered and complied with;
Illegal entries of people are prevented
Daily
Construction site
ocular/visual inspection;
Site engineer report;
Photo documentation
LGU Legazpi
EMB 5 Regional
Office
Part of the Annual
allocations on
Items 2.9 and 2.10 of Table
10 of the AP
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
65
Environmental
Concern Objective
Impact mitigation Performance and Impact monitoring
Proposed Mitigation
Measures
Responsible to
Implement
Measures
Timing to
Implement
Locations to
Implement
Measures
Mitigation
Cost
Performance
Indicator (PI)
Frequency &
Verification
Responsible
to Monitor
Monitoring
Cost
disturbance and
movement, fence shall
generally follow the contour of the ground.
Grading shall be
performed where necessary to provide a
neat appearance
3.9 Environmental and health impacts
Avoidance or minimization of air
pollution and
malodorous rom LFG;
Avoidance or minimization of
leachate generation
and discharge
Avoidance of the
area to become breeding grounds
for vermin, flies,
and other potential carriers of diseases;
Avoidance of
incidence of diseases
Provision of gas management systems;
Provision of leachate management system
Contractor (as part of their
Contract)
LGU Legazpi
City to ensure
that the SEMP is properly
executed by the
Contractor
Complete plans and drawings
during DED /
design stage;
SEMP execution
during construction
phase
Inside the confines of the
dump site
property/area ;
Built-in as part of the
construction
cost
Visual –vermin, flies, and other potential
carriers of diseases are
not existing/present;
LFG and leachate
management facility constructed and
completed;
Meaningful water
quality monitoring for
the following parameters: pH, total
coliform, COD, BOD,
total mercury, lead, chromium, nitrates
using the monitoring
wells executed;
Results are reported
and feedback to DENR;
Daily
Laboratory results
of water quality analysis;
Site ocular/visual inspection;
Site engineer report;
Photo documentation
LGU Legazpi
EMB 5 Regional
Office
Part of the Annual
allocations on
Items 2.9 and 2.10 of Table
10 of the AP
3.10 Welfare of the
affected waste pickers
To provide
alternative livelihood equal or
better than the
earnings from waste picking
Provision and
implementation of SDP
LGU Legazpi
(OCENR)
Completed prior
to commencement
of construction
Open Dumpsite Cost
included in overall
project cost.
Inventory of affected
stakeholders; SDP initiated and/or
completed
Monthly to
quarterly;
SDP
accomplishment reports
Photo documentation
Consultant
LGU
Legazpi City
EMB 5
Regional
Office
Part of UPOPs
Action Plan costing; PMO-
EMB cost;
Consultant’s cost;
LGU cost
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
66
197. In order to ensure that the IWS and their livelihood projects will be sustained, the umbrella
organization of the IWS, the Samahang Bagong Pag-unlad Association or SBPA, will be
strengthened/institutionalized. Since the SBPA will have a big role in sustaining the projects of the
IWS, hence necessary capability building trainings will also be provided to its officers/leaders and
necessary policies, systems and procedures will be formulated or set-up. These will be
facilitated/provided by the city and the SWAPP-BCDI. Regular and strict monitoring and
supervision to the projects, the IWS and the SBPA will also be conducted to ensure the success of
the Plan.
7.6.2 Project Performance and ESMP Monitoring Reports
198. Project performance monitoring has the overall objective of achieving the desired outcomes
through reporting of as measurable events or parameters or aspects that can be monitored and
verified.
199. At the tendering stage, advocating socially and environmentally responsible procurement is a
desired outcome and is made possible by incorporating clear cut Terms of Reference (TOR) for
Contractors in the execution of ESMP in subproject specifications and contract.
200. On the other hand, construction phase desired outcomes include effective execution and
management of ESMP thus minimizing social and environmental impacts and reducing risk to
public.
201. In the preparation of monitoring and ESMP accomplishment reports during sub-project
implementation, the Contractor shall submit to LGU Legazpi a monthly monitoring report.
202. On the basis of the Contractor’s report, LGU Legazpi shall prepare monthly ESMP
monitoring and accomplishment report to be submitted to EMB Region 5 which will be
subsequently forwarded (by EMB Region 5) to PMO EMB Central Office.
203. Lastly, PMO EMB Central Office shall then prepare semi-annual ESMP accomplishments
and monitoring reports to WB.
204. This reporting cycle is repeated as feedback mechanism scheme to all key players consisting
of the affected stakeholders, Contractors, LGU Legazpi, DENR/EMB and the World Bank.
7.6.3 Implementation Schedule
205. As presented in the project description (Section 3.7 on UPOPs Action Plan Project
Implementation Schedule), the sub-project’s advertisement of invitation to bid may happen on
September 2014, the awarding of the contract on November 20`14 and the sub-project completion
and acceptance on June 2016.
206. LGU Legazpi shall ensure that construction contract provisions related to the ESMP is
included in the tendering stage on September 2014 and the ESMP monitoring to continue during
the construction and operation phases.
7.6.4 Clearances and Permits
207. Base on most recent DENR regulations governing the closure and rehabilitation of open
dumpsite and on the basis of the sub-project Agreement or Contract between LGU Legazpi, the
DENR and the World Bank, the LGU may proceed with the sub-project implementation provided
that all procedural and regulatory requirements are met (Table 3.6).
7.6.5 Capability Building
208. In the overall sub-project implementation plan, the sub-project Consultant and DENR
provide workshops and training on capability building to effect “technology and knowledge
transfer” pertaining to the technical and administrative requirements of the following: (i) project
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
67
management advisory services, including detailed engineering designs, preparation of contract
documents, support to UPOPs Action Team with construction supervision and quality control, and
the preparation of any resettlement plans; and (ii) institutional development and capacity building
for LGU Legazpi.
7.6.6 Specific Institutional Responsibilities.
209. Table 7.4 provides the detailed institutional responsibilities.
Table 7.4: Institutional Responsibilities for EMP Implementation
Agency Responsibilities
DENR-EMB
Executing agency with overall responsibility for UPOPs Action Plan sub-
project implementation.
Ensure that sufficient funds are made available to LGU Legazpi
Ensure that LGU Legazpi, regardless of financing source, complies with the
provisions of the ESMP and WB safeguard policy.
Ensure that LGU Legazpi complies with Government environmental
policies and regulations.
For project duration ensure that the PMO and LGU Legazpi retain
dedicated Technical Support Consultants including safeguard specialists to
oversee ESMP implementation.
Ensure that EMB Region 6 and LGU Legazpi monitor environmental
protection and mitigation measures in the ESMP and those activities that
are embodied in the detailed designs
Ensure that LGU Legazpi has secured environmental clearances
certification from DENR and WB (in this case NOL) prior to award and/or
commencement of civil works contracts
Ensure that LGU Legazpi establishes and implements an environmental
grievance redress mechanism, as described in this ESMP, to receive and
facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns, complaints, and
grievances about the Project's environmental performance
Ensure that the bidding and contract documents include the ESMP.
Ensure that PMO/TWG submits semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP
implementation to WB.
LGU Legazpi City
Ensure that bidding and contract documents include the ESMP
Submit monthly and semi-annual monitoring reports on ESMP
implementation to PMO
Ensure that the sub-project ESMP preparation and implementation of
method statement is site specific for Contractor’s execution
Ensure that ESMP provisions are strictly implemented during various
project phases (design/pre-construction, construction and operation) to
mitigate social and environmental impacts to acceptable levels.
Ensure that Project implementation complies with WB's safeguard
For project duration, commit and retain a designated unit/staff (as
Safeguard Specialist) to oversee ESMP implementation
Check that environmental protection and mitigation measures in the ESMP
are incorporated in the detailed designs
Check that necessary environmental clearances and approval(s) are secured
from World Bank and DENR prior to award of civil works contracts
Participate in grievance redress mechanism, as described in the this
document, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns,
complaints, and grievances about the sub-project's environmental
performance
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
68
Agency Responsibilities
Undertake monitoring of the implementation of the ESMP (mitigation and
monitoring measures) with assistance from EMB-PMO and the Contractor
Report to WB and DENR/EMB on all aspects of social and environmental
management and monitoring at required frequency
Prepare monthly and semi-annual social and environmental monitoring
reports for submission to PMO-EMB/DENR and WB.
Based on the results of ESMP monitoring, identify environmental corrective
actions and prepare a corrective action plan
Contractor
Recruit qualified environmental safeguard specialist to ensure compliance
with environmental statutory and contractual obligations and proper
implementation of the ESMP
Implement all ESMPs in coordination with and LGU Legazpi City and
relevant authorities
Prior to start of construction, update all ESMPs for approval by
EMB/DENR and LGU Legazpi
Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely
implementation of required mitigation measures in the ESMP
Implement additional environmental mitigation measures for unexpected
impacts, as necessary
7.7 Conclusions
210. The ESMP document revealed that the sub-project could have positive environmental impacts
with minor negative impacts but are by large manageable.
211. The ESMP will generally enhance the environment and reduce sub-project adverse
environmental impacts to acceptable levels. It includes specifications for social and environmental
protection measures for each potential adverse impact and include detailed monitoring plan. It also
spells out responsibilities for each relevant organization in the implementation of the ESMP. The
ESMP ensures implementation of the social and environmental mitigation measures and
monitoring during pre-construction, construction and operation. Therefore without delay, the sub-
project should be immediately implemented.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
69
8.0 CONSULTATION, INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, & GRIEVANCE REDRESS
MECHANISM
8.1 Consultation and Information Disclosure
212. The sub-project planning and the subsequent impact assessment document preparation for the
proposed UPOPs Action Plan recognized the need for public consultation and participation as
central to effective environmental safeguard. Within the context of “meaningful consultation”,
LGU Legazpi initiated a process of consultation during UPOPs Action Plan preparation.
213. During the UPOPS Action Plan preparation, LGU Legazpi with technical guidance and
assistance from DENR, the Consultants and WB has conducted Public Consultation (PC) and
information disclosure at each various phases of the plan’s development. During the conduct of
the PCs, the details of the sub-project components were presented to the stakeholders and their
views on the respective proposals were requested. Stakeholders expressed support to the proposed
UPOPs Action Plan.
214. The PCs and public disclosure initiatives at various stages of the plan development is
presented in Table 8.1.
Table 8.1: Public Consultations and Disclosure at Various of the
UPOPs Action Plan Formulation
Activities
Public
Consultations
Executed
Public
Disclosure
Executed
Yes No Yes No
1. Baseline Survey Updating of Current Waste
Pickers √
2. Assessment Study of Previous Waste Pickers LGU
Legazpi City-AECID ESWMP Livelihood
Beneficiaries and Current Waste Pickers
√
3. Consultation/Dialogue/Meeting with Waste Pickers √
4. Preparation of Key Results Areas Activity Details
for Inclusion in the Social Development Plan √
√
5. Conduct of Social Assessment Survey √
6. Skills and Capacity Development and Enhancement
of Waste Pickers √
√
7. IEC Campaign on IPOPs Management Project √
8. Formation/Organization of Implementation Team
for Projects to Waste Pickers √
√
9. Organization of Waste Pickers and Organizational
Strengthening √
10. Strategic Development Planning √
11. Preparation of Detailed Engineering Design of
Closure of the Dumpsite √
√
12. Bidding and Procurement √
13. Engineering and Construction Works √
14. Conduct of Regular Consultation/Coordination
Meeting To be done
To be
done
15. Progress Report, Monitoring and Evaluation
Report Preparation To be done
To be
done
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
70
8.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism
215. The implementation of this Social Development Plan (SDP) intends to be fully compliant to
World Bank’s safeguards requirement on grievance redress mechanism. Complaints about social
and environmental performance of the proposed project during the construction and operation
phases shall be handled by the City Social Welfare and Development Office and Environmental
Protection Division – Office of the City Mayor, the entities that are tasked to receive social and
environment-related complaints.
216. Grievance and complaints will be handled through expeditious consultations between City
Social Welfare and Development Office and the project affected people or entity with the end view
of arriving at consensus. For this project, the following procedures shall be followed:
a) Grievance or complaints shall be filed by the project affected people or entity with the
City Social Welfare and Development Office who will act within 15 days upon receipt
thereof;
b) If no understanding or amicable solution can be reached from the City Social Welfare
and Development Office within 15 days of registry of the complaint, he/she can file the
complaint to the Office for Legal Affairs, which should act on the complaint/grievance
within 15 days from the day of its filing;
c) If no understanding or amicable solution can be reached, or if the project affected people
or entity does not receive a response from the Office for Legal Affairs within 15 days of
registry of the complaint, he/she can Appeal to the Community Environment and Natural
Resources Office, which should act on the complaint/grievance within 15 days from the
day of its filing;
d) If the project affected people or entity is not satisfied with the decision of the
Community Environment and Natural Resources Office, he/she, can submit the
complaint to Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) Regional Office III;
e) Other entity as needed
217. Project affected people or entity will be exempted from all administrative and legal fees
incurred pursuant to the grievance redress procedures. All complaints received in writing (or
written when received verbally) from the project affected people or entity will be documented and
shall be acted upon immediately according to the above outlined procedures.
218. Details of the office and personnel in-charge to handle grievance redress are provided below:
Position Person In-Charge Address/Contact Nos.
Project Manager Mrs. Salve B. Corral
City ENRO
Office of the City Environment
& Natural Resources (OCENR),
Motorpool Compound, Airport
Road, Legazpi City
Tel. No.-480-3349
CP No.- 09088679837
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
71
ANNEXES
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
72
Annex 1 Legazpi City’s SLF ECC
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
73
Annex 2 Legazpi City’s SLF Operation Manual
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
74
Annex 3 TOR for Contractors
(Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP)
Implementation)
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Action Plan for the Reduction of Unintentionally Produced Persistent Organic Pollutants (UPOPs) from Solid
Wastes through the Application of Best Available Technologies and Best Environmental Practices (BAT/BEP)
75
Annex 4 Social Development Plan (SDP)