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1
ArchiMate:Integration withEnterprise Architecture
SIKS basic course onArchitectures for IKSVught, Sept. 28, 2006
Henk JonkersTelematica [email protected]
ArchiMate Focus Areas
Communication &visualisation
Integratedmodelling
Analysis
Overview
• Introduction: Enterprise architecture & ArchiMate
• Integrated modelling
– Integration of business, applications, and technology
– Service orientation
– Exercise
• Analysis of architectures
– Quantitative analysis
• Communication and visualisation of architectures
• ArchiMate in practice
Enterprise Architecture & ArchiMate
Context
• Gap between Business and ICT decreases
• Ever higher demands on ICT: complexity, flexibility
• Many changes, rapid time-to-market required
• Management & control difficult
• Architecture as a tool
– for communication
– for governance
– for innovation
2
Architecture
IEEE Std 1471:
Architecture = Structure of a system in terms of
• components,
• their externally visible properties,
• their relations,
• and the underlying principles
“Structure with a vision”
Governance With Architecture
• Architecture is a strategic tool– Not just high-level design – Architecture goes beyond ICT: enterprise
architecture• Stability & flexibility
– Seem to be contradictory, but a good architecture facilitates change!
• Communication with stakeholders– Architects, managers, customers, engineers, …
• Analysis – Impact of change– Cost & performance
Enterprise Architecture: Describing Coherence
Process architecture
Application architecture Technical architecture
Information architecture Product architecture
?
?
?
?
?
Better Support for the Enterprise Architect
• Increasing need for precise documentation on the
enterprise architecture level
– Integrating various models in many languages
(UML, IDEF, BPMN, ARIS, ...)
• Communicating about architecture with others
• Tool interoperability
• Needed: well-founded and practical standard for
enterprise architecture modelling
The ArchiMate Research Project
• 2½ years, July 2002 - December 2004
• approx. 35 man-years, 4 million euro
• Consortium of companies and knowledge institutes
• Directed by Telematica Instituut
What Has ArchiMate Delivered?
• A vision on enterprise architecture– Focus on the relations between
business and IT• A language for describing architectures
– models give precision andmake tool support possible
• Techniques for visualisation and analysis, aimed at various stakeholders
• A basis and vision for tools– Visio stencils
• Long term goal: vendor-independent standard forarchitecture description
3
ArchiMate Forum
• Open cooperation between ArchiMate users, vendors,
educators, and consultants
• Long term objective:
– An independent standard for describing enterprise architectures
• Goals of the ArchiMate Forum:
– Creating critical mass
– Supporting organizations in applying ArchiMate
– Contributing to international standards
Members ArchiMate Forum
Standardisation
• Close contacts with OMG (known from UML) and
Open Group (from TOGAF)
• Contributors to the OMG SIG on Service-Oriented
Architecture
– First statement of their charter: To support a
modeling approach to SOA development that links
architecture, business, and technology views of
services […]
• The first step towards standardization for enterprise
architecture modeling
Integrated Modelling
Integration
• An architecture might encompass for example:
– products
– organisation
– business processes
– information
– applications
– systems
This requires concepts for domains and relations, linked with existing techniques
The ArchiMate Language
ArchiMate languageHigh-level modelingwithin a domain
Modeling relations between domains
Basis forvisualizations
Basis foranalysis
4
Integration of Models
UML componentdiagram
UML classdiagram
Transactionentry
Billcreation
Take out insurance
Receiverequest
Processrequest
Collectpremium Invoice
Invoicedata
Financial
application
BPMNdiagram
Arc
hiS
uran
ce Calculateamount
Checkinvoice
ArchiveInvoice
Sendinvoice
In-voice
Layers, Aspects, and Domains
Technology
Application
Business
Environment
Information Behavior Structure
Processdomain
Informationdomain
Datadomain
Organizationdomain
Productdomain
Application domain
Technical infrastructure domain
Conceptual Tent
StructureElement
Inter-action
Collabo-ration
Service Interface
Behaviourelement
Internal
External
Behaviour
Structure
Internal
External
Internal
External
Behaviour
Structure
Behaviour
Structure
Business Layer metamodel
Businessactor
Businessrole
Business object
Value
Business service
Event
Businessinterface
Business process /function / interaction
Contract
Product
Representation Business collaboration
Meaning
Business Functions and Actors
business function
Insurance policies
flow
Contracting ClaimHandling
ArchiSurance
business actor
assignment
product
Travel Insurance
Policy
contract
Product and Services
SecurityCustomer
business rolevalue
Customerinformation
service
Insuranceapplication
service
Claimregistration
service
Claimregistration
service
Claimpaymentservice
business service
5
Business Process
Handle Claim
PayValuateAcceptRegisterDamageoccurred
event
Notification
access
business object
Customer Information
service
Claimpaymentservice
business service
realisation
Claim registration
service
Customer business actor
used by
Insurant business role
business process
Business Interactions
CustomerArchiSurance business actor
business interaction
Register
Insurant business role
Insurer
aggregationClaim registration
partners
business collaboration
assigment
Information
specialisation
Car insurance policy
Home insurance policy
Travel insurance policy
Liability insurance policy
Legal aid insurance policy
aggregationCustomer file
Customer
composition
Damage claimInsurance policyInsurance request
realisation
Claimform
representation
Application Layer Metamodel
Application Concepts
Policy administration
Financial administration
application component
Premiumcollection
Policycreation application
function
application interaction
Policy creationservice
applicationservice application
interface
Customer file
data
Policydata
data object
Application Usage by BusinessProcesses
Handle claim
Registration PaymentValuationAcceptanceNotifi-cation
Financialapplication
Policyadministration
administrationCustomer
servicePaymentservice
CRMsystem
Claim
serviceadministration
Notifi-cationdata
6
Technology Layer Metamodel
Artifact
Infrastructure interface
Infrastructure service
Node
DeviceSystemsoftware Network
Communicationpath
Technology Concepts
zSeries Mainframe Sun Blade
device
Databasetables
Fin.application
EJBs
artifact
Databaseaccessservice
MQmessaging
service Infrastructure service
DB2Database
iPlanetApp. server
system software
LAN
network
association
Deployment of Applications
Financialapplication
Policyadministration
CRMsystem
Notifi-cationdata
zSeries Mainframe
DB2Database
Sun Blade
iPlanetApp. server
Databaseaccessservice
MQ messaging
service
Databasetables
Fin.application
EJBsLAN
LayeredArchitecture
Infrastructure
External infrastructure services
Application components and services
Roles and actors
External application services
External business services
Damage claiming process
Client Insurant InsurerArchiSurance
Registration PaymentValuationAcceptance
Customerinformation
service
Claimspaymentservice
Customeradministration
service
Paymentservice
CRM system
Financial application
Customerinformation
service
Claimregistration
service
Claimregistration
service
Claimsadministration
service
Policy administration
Claimfiles
service
zSeries mainframe
DB2database
Financialapplication
EJBs
Customerfiles
service
Sun Blade
iPlanetapp server
Claiminformation
service
Business layer
Application layer
Technology layer
Services as Binding Concept
Externalbusiness service
Internalbusiness service
Internalinfra. service
Externalinfra. service Technology
Application
Business
Customer
Externalapplication service
Internalapplication service
Derivation of indirect relationships
Client Insurant
Damage claiming process
Registration
Claimregistration
service
administrationCustomer
service
CRMsystem
?
‘realises’ ⊗ ‘used by’ ⊗‘ realises’ ⊗‘used by’ ⊗ ‘assigned to’ =
‘used by’
7
Summary of Main Concepts
Business
Application
Technology
Information Behaviour Structure
DeviceSystem software
Infrastructure service
Artifact Network
Infrastructureinterface
Applicationcomponent
Application function
Application service
Dataobject
Application interface
Business actor
Businessrole
Business process
Business service
Business object
Event
Represen-tation
Businessinteraction
Businesscollaboration
Exercise: DMS for Damage Reports
• Damage expert writes damage report• Scanned report stored in DMS• Administrator uses report for claim
assessment
Analysis of Architectures
5.4 sec.
Analysis of (enterprise) systems
Quantitativeanalysis
Functionalanalysis
Performance, costs
Discrete-event simulation
Analytical techniques
Behaviour, structure
Animation
Formal methods
Functional & Quantitative AnalysisFunctional & Quantitative Analysis
Metamodel and Quantification of Concepts
ActorRole
Applicationcomponent
Applicationfunction
Business object
Artifact
Value
Applicationservice
Applicationinterface
Infrastructureinterface
Infrastructureservice
Node
DeviceSystemsoftware Network
Organisationalservice
Event
Organisationalinterface
Businessprocess/function
Data object
Contract
Product
Communicationpath
Representation
service
resource
service
11
1
*
*
object* * process *
f, T
f, T
f, T
f, Cn
Business
Application
Technology
Analysis of Layered Models
Technical infrastructure
Infrastructural services
Application components
Application services
Business processes
Business services
Customers
workload“vertical”
performancemeasures
“horizontal” performance measures
8
Example: Damage Reports in ArchiSurance
Claimhandling
Claimsubmission
Administrator:“User”
Damage expert:“Producer”
DocumentManagement
system
DatabaseSystem
Business Service View
Technical infrastructure
Infrastructural services
Application components
Application services
Business processes
Organisational services
Customers
Claim handlingprocess
claimassessment
f = 600/day
Claim submissionprocess
claimregistration
Administrator Damage expert
f = 200/day
n = 1 n = 1
λ = 600/day λ = 200/day
λ = 600/day λ = 200/day
Application Support View
Technical infrastructure
Infrastructural services
Application components
Application services
Business processes
Organisational services
Customers
Claim submissionprocess
Claim handlingprocess
search damagereports
view damagereport
store damagereport
Claimhandlingsupport
Reportscanning
application
λ = 600/day λ = 200/day
n = 1 n = 1.5 n = 2λ = 400/day
λ = 600/day λ = 900/day
λ = 400/dayλ = 1500/day
Application View
Technical infrastructure
Infrastructural services
Application components
Application services
Business processes
Organisational services
Customers
Reportscanning
application
storedocument
retrievedocument
view damagereport
Databasesystem
Documentmanagement
system
Searchdatabase
Claimhandlingsupport
databasequery
search damagereports
Retrievedamagereport
databaseentry
store damage
Scan & storedocument
Storedocument
Entermeta-data
report
λ = 400/dayλ = 600/day λ = 900/day
λ = 400/dayλ = 1500/day
n = 1n = 1 n = 1
n = 1
λ = 600/day λ = 900/day λ = 400/day λ = 400/day
λ = 600/day λ = 900/dayλ = 400/day
λ = 400/dayλ = 1300/day
λ = 1000/day
Deployment View
Technical infrastructure
Infrastructural services
Application components
Application services
Business processes
Organisational services
Customers
Documentserver
Databaseserver
DesktopPC
LAN
Scanningstation
Reportscanning
application
Databasesystem
Documentmanagement
system
Claimhandlingsupport
λ = 1500/day λ = 400/dayλ = 1300/day λ = 1000/day
λ = 1500/day λ = 400/day
λ = 1300/day λ = 1000/day
Integration of Analysis Results
Take out insurance
Receiverequest
AcceptRequest
Collectpremium
Transactionentry
Invoicing
Financialapplication
Applicationserver
9
Infrastructure/Application View
λ = 400/day λ = 400/day
T = 10 s T = 14 s
Technical infrastructure
Infrastructural services
Application components
Application services
Business processes
Organisational services
Customers
(= 0.014/s) (= 0.014/s)
retrievedocument
Documentmanagement
system
storedocument
Documentserver
0.014 * 10 = 0.14 0.014 * 14 = 0.20
(Little’s law)
M M 1
R = 10/(1-0.34) = 15.2 s R = 14/(1-0.34) = 21.2 s
U = 34%
Communicating Architectures
Views & Viewpoints
• A viewpoint describes the set of concerns of one or
more stakeholders. It defines how to build a view, e.g.
by means of a template.
• A view is a representation of a system from a
viewpoint. A view is what you see, looking from the
perspective of the stakeholder and his/her concerns.
IEEE 1471 Core
Viewpoint View
Model
Stakeholder
consists of1..*
conforms to
is addressed to1..*
Concern used to cover1..*
is important to1..*
has 1..*
participates in1..*
establishes methods for 1..*
Viewpoints Classification
architect,software
developer,business process
designer
Deciding
Designing Informing
Details
Coherence
Overview
product manager, CIO, CEO
customer,employee,
others
Viewpoints for Designing
• Basic design viewpoints– Organisation– Business function– Business process– Information structure– Application structure– Application behaviour– Infrastructure
• Resemble ‘diagrams’ of e.g. UML
– Actor coordination– Product– Service realisation– Business process
coordination– Application usage– Application coordination– Implementation &
deployment
10
Application BehaviourApplication Behaviour
Home & Away Policy administration
Policy creation
Calculatepremium
Calculaterisk
Createpolicy
Storepolicy
Policy creationservice
Customer fileInsurance policyInsurance request
Viewpoints for Deciding
• Give a high-level overview for e.g. business managers• Can be used to identify problems or possible
improvements• Example: Landscape map
– 2-D representation– Possibly interactive
MaintainingCustomer &
IntermediaryRelations
ClaimHandling
Contracting
DocumentProcessing
LiabilityInsurance
CarInsurance
TravelInsurance
HomeInsurance
Legal AidInsurance
Web portal
Call center application
Customer relationship management system
Home & AwayPolicy administration
Legal Aidbackofficesystem
Legal AidCRM
Document management system
Home & AwayFinancial application
BusinessFunctions
Products
FinancialHandling
Car insuranceapplication
Landscape map ArchiSurance Viewpoints for Informing
• Process illustration• Goal is communication• Pictures aimed at
‘non-architects’Archief
$$Kluis
Bestand
bericht
document
Process Illustration (I)
Application components
Infrastructure
Roles
External Organisational services
BPM process
Douaneeenheid Inning
Klantbehandeling
adiministratie
Aangiftebetaling
Aangifteadiministratie
RIN
Aangiftebehandeling
BPMclient
BPM server(BCICT)
BPMworkstation(Douane-eenheid)
RDWBCICTParticulier
Fiattering
RIN server(Inning)
WAN WAN
Vordering
Betaling
Administratie
Balie
CatalogusWaarde
Aangiftebestand
BPMserver
Kluis Archief
inning
Inning
Geldaangifte
Process Illustration (II)
BPMaangiftepunt
Douane eenheidBPM17ex2
Inning
RDW
Administratie
BCICTautomatiserings
centrum
Balie
Behandeling
Archief
$$Kluis
Catalog.waarde
AangifteBestand
BPMworkstation
(Douaneeenheid)
BPMserver
(BCICT)
RINserver
(Inning)
BPM17ex3
BPM17ex1
Inningvordering
betaling
aangiftebetaling
betaling
acceptgiro
11
ArchiMate in PracticeResults in Practice
• Applications at over 30 organizations
– e.g. Dutch Tax Administration and many other companies and government institutes
• Tools
– BiZZdesign, Troux Metis (certified)
– IDS Scheer, Adaptive, Telelogic (implementing)
– MEGA, Casewise, ASG, IBM (interested)
• Education
– Used by several Dutch universities and other educational institutes
• Rapidly growing international attention
Some ArchiMate Users• User organisations
– Tax Administration– ABN AMRO – ABP– SVB – ADP– VGZ-IZA– Kluwer– Interpolis– NS Reizigers– Quion– CVZ– Provincie Groningen – Provincie Gelderland– Vitens– TPG– UWV, CWI
• Tool vendors– BiZZdesign– Adaptive– Troux– IDS Scheer– interest from Telelogic, ASG,
MEGA, Casewise, IBM
• ICT consultants– Ordina– Getronics PinkRoccade– Sogeti– Atos Origin– CIBIT– IBM– LogicaCMG– Capgemini
• Research & education– Telematica Instituut– Universiteit Leiden– Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen– Centrum voor Wiskunde & Informatica– Hogeschool van Amsterdam– Avans Hogeschool Breda– CIBIT– Universiteit Twente– Lisbon Technical University – TU Delft
Processing of Payroll Tax Returns
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MQad ap ter
MQa da pte r
So apt oe voeg en
MQad apt er
MQad ap ter
So apto evo ege n
MQa da pte r
UWV g em id deld
UWV laa g
ro und r obinlo ad b ala ncin g
UW V ge m id de ld
UWV hoo g
UW V la ag
BD ho og
BD ge m idde ld
BD la ag
MQad ap ter
Soa pver wijde re n
MQa dap ter
MQa da pte r
Soa pver wijde re n
MQad ap ter
MQad ap ter
SOAPver wijde re n
MQa dap ter
BD h oo g
BD g em id deld
BD la ag
ro un d r ob inload bala nc ing
lez enbe ric ht
Ver stu re n UWV b eric hte n
be pale nbe ste mmin g
s tur enb er ic ht
leze nbe rich t
bep ale nbes temmin g
st ur enbe ric ht
le zenb er icht
b epa lenb est emming
stu re nber ich t
stu re nbe rich t
Ve rs tur en PANA ber ich t
b epa lenka na al
le zenP ANAb er icht
le ze nAva ntisign aa l
WASc luster We bs er vices
gat ewa y
W ASclus ter W eb ser vice s
g ate way
JSP JSP
EJB EJB
EJB
Q PE2
Q PE1
Q PE3
Q M
QM
Q M
Q M
Q M
Q M
Q M
MQpoort
clus ter
Q M
Q M
Q M
QueueManager
Heen enter ug
Channels
QueueManagerClus ter
Fys iekequeue
QueueAlias
D irec torymet
bes tandenop
zaakniveau
Bes tandmet
meer der ezaken
naa m..z aa k Computer
pr oces datzaaksgewijs
verwer kt
n aam. .O LTP
Computerpr oces dat
onderdeel isvan onlinever wer king
naa m..bat ch
Computer pr ocesdat
batchver werk inguitvoer t
Naa m: ..
Ser vercapac itei t
Appl icatie gegevenstranspor t database
DB2U. AVIDB0 1
DB2 U.BBADB01
DB2 U.BVRDB0 1
D B2U.MEDDB0 1
D B2U.HL PDB0 1
DB2 U.VOADB0 1
DB2U. OCPD B01
transac tionmonitor
Appl icationserver
messagebroker
workflowmanager
Applicationserver c lus ter
messagebroker clus ter
CICS
CICS
CICS
HL P fab rie k
HL P kan too r
WASWAS
W AS
W AS
Ser verc luster
MB
WA S
HTTP
H TTP ser ver
ser verc lus ter
W ASc lus ter
W AS
CICS
VOA fab riek
Verw er ken b eta lin ge nbe he ren o nd er aan ne mers
Bat ch
Ve rp laa tse nbe sta nde n
Ba tch
To evo ege nBVR ge geg eve ns
Ba tch
Afr on denh eff in gs be sluit
za ak
ver wer ken O ITber ich ten
za ak
Sa men ste llenb es tan de n
Ba tch
Re gistr er enaa ngif tevo rd er in g
za ak
CICS tr ansactiongateway
DCE RPC
CTG
Ja va a gen t
DCE
Po ort fab rie k
Kop pe lin g ma infr ame
In te rn MQ ver kee r
WC T0
KNA
se rvle t
B rowser
Browser
W FM
CICS
VOA kantoor
CICS
BvR Fabriek
CICS
OCPkantoor
CICS
BB A fabriek
CICSOCP
fabriek
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afhandelenaanleidingVOA
zaak
afhandelingafmeldingVOA
zaak
afhandelenaanleidingHLP
zaak
afhandelenafmeldingHLP
zaak
Uitworp
Zaakparametersuitval
Uitworp
Uitval
Uitval
afhandelenaanleidingVOA
zaak
afhandelenafmeldingVOA
zaak
Uitworp
Zaakparametersuitval
Uitworp
Uitval
Uitval
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?
?
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?
Berichtenswitch
XIB
F ileTr ans ferG ateway
FBXGa te wa
y
Queuemanager
voorworkflow
Input Material Service-Oriented Business Process Integration
Payroll tax return
Company/Agent
Submittax return
Tax and Customs Administration
UWV
Transfertax return
data Processpayroll tax
return UWV
Processpayroll taxreturn TCA Process
corrections
12
Process Refinement
Process payroll tax returnTCA
Payroll tax return
Correctionrequest
Receive tax return
Collectionsadministration
Levyingsadministration
Confirmation
LevyNotification
rejection
Notificationerror
Notify Processcorrections
Relationsinformation
Submittax return
Tax and Customs Administration
Transfertax return
data
Sendnotification
Processcorrections
Detailed Process with Application Support
Receive tax return
Receive electronic PTR
Medium- independent processing
Nominativedata
FOS
MOS UKV internal
messaging
AVANTi
Temporary storage file
DCS
NotificationFOL
convertreceive and
check
handlediscards
make available
notify receipt
BvR BBA WGA
Receive paper PTRReceive
PTR document
Receive PTR small
Receive PTR large
Receive PTR web
large:0,17 %
Scan document
decodesmall:
98,10%
web:1,72 %
OB 2000
PTR msg.
Paper PTR
Electronic PTR
Legal archive
F = 22 000/month
F = 638 000/month
FOSexternal
FOSinternal
Process – Detailed ApplicationsMedium- independent processing
FOS Internal
AVANTi
PTR processingStructural conversion
Convert Receive and check
Handle discards
Notify receipt
PTR file
Receive message
Receive PTR
UKV internal messaging
Send PTR
Make available
Send nominative
lines
XML-message
conversion & splitting
10%
Collectivepart
Nominativepart
Nominativelines
Collectivelines
Medium independent
PTR
PTR Data
Message Conversion
Message Reception
Applications – Infrastructure
MOS
MTA in P44 inBAPI
unpack MQ
dispatch PTR data
OB2000 Sybase access
Ch. MOS->FOS
APMOSU7- MOS production
SybaseDBMS
BS
App.hosting
Execution environment
QM
APFOSU 4- FOS internal production
QM
FOS internal
Message switch
Discards administration
P44 discards-handling
MQ messaging
Total Infrastructure
DBtoegangCICS
APFOSU4-FOSintern productie,
APFOSU3Unix-cluster: UKV intern
BerichtenserverP-partitie-Mainframe (Exploitatie Particulieren
en Ondernemingen)
Ch. FOS ->Msg. Store
Ch. AVANTi->UKV
MQmessaging
QM
MQmessaging
QMQPE2
QMQPE1QM
XIB
App.hosting
Executie-omgeving
MQmessaging
MB
DB2UAVIDB01
CICSpoort
fabriek
Berichten-switch
MQ Poort cluster
MQmessaging
DBtoegang
MB
Unix Server -Message Store
Messagedatabase
QM
Ch.FOS->Avanti
Mesg.broker
Mesg.broker
APFOSU1-FOS extern productie,
APFOSU2
BS
FBXGateway
MQmessaging
Ch.Avanti->Msg. Store
OpvolgerOB2000
Sybasetoegang
APMOSU7-MOS productie
SybaseDBMS
BS
App.hosting
Executie-omgeving
Berichten-switch
Ch. MOS->FOS
MQmessaging
QM
Ch. DCS->FOS
Document Conversie Systeem
MQmessaging
QM
BS
Berichten-switch
App.hosting
Executie-omgevingCh. FOL
->FOS
FOL -FormulierenOnline (2 of 3)
MQmessaging
QM
BS
Berichten-switch
App.hosting
Web Application
server
UKV intern bericht
Message store
FOSinternMOS AVANTi
FOS ExternDCS
FOL
Uitval-Admin.
Messageadmin. Admin.
Quantitative Analysis Results
MOS
MTA in P44 in BAPI unpack MQ dispatch
Archive
Decode and authorise
Receive msg. Process msg.
F=626 000/mth
APMOSU7-MOS production
MQmessaging
send
App.hosting
APFOSU4-FOS internal production
Messageswitch
R = 0,27 sR = 0,35 s R = 0,35 sR = 0,15 s
R=1.58 s R = 0,14 s
X = 2 613 550/mth X = 626 000/mth
F=626 000/mth
F=626 000/mth
F=626 000/mth
MQmessaging
receive
R = 0,018 s
U=60%
U=37% U=1,8%
n=1n=1n=0.1n=1n=1n=0,075
S = 0,018 sS = 0,09 sS = 1,0 s
R = 0,028 s
R = 0,28 s R = 0,35 s
R = 0,35 s
R = 0,35 s
F=626 000/mth F=626 000/
mth
13
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More Information?
Most ArchiMate results are open to the public and available through the website: www.archimate.com
Henk JonkersTelematica InstituutP.O. Box 5897500 AN EnschedeThe [email protected]