THE GENUS YERSINIA

Entering the Functional Genomic Er a

Mikael Skurnik

Jose Antonio Bengoechea

Kaisa Granfors

PARTI

1EVOLUTION AND GENOMICS

1

Evolution of Pathogenic Yersinia, Some Lights in the

3Dark

Elisabeth CARNIEL

2

DNA Adenine Methylation

1 3

Victoria L. TAYLOR, Petra C. F. OYSTON and Richard W.TITBALL

3

Tracing Acquisitions and Losses in Yersinia Genomes

1 9

Alexander RAKIN, Andrey GOLUBOV, Azuka IWOBI, an dJürgen HEESEMANN

4

Subtractive Hybridization Uncovers Novel

25Pathogenicity-Associated Loci in Yersinia enterocolitica

Azuka N. IWOBI, Alexander RAKIN, Emilio GARCIA, andJürgen HEESEMANN

5

Identification of Genes Involved in Yersinia pestis

3 1Virulence by Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis

Yehuda FLASHNER, Emanuelle MAMROUD, Avital

TIDHAR, Raphael BER, Moshe AFTALION, David GUR ,Anat ZVI, Naomi ARIEL, Baruch VELAN, Avigdo rSHAFFERMAN and Sara COHEN.

6

Characterization of Two Conjugative Yersinia Plasmids 35Mobilizing pYV

Stefan HERTWIG, Iris KLEIN, Jens A. HAMMERL andBernd APPEL

7

Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis of Yersinia pestis

39

Petra C.F. OYSTON, Andrey V. KARLYSHEV, Brendan W.WREN and Richard W. TITBAL L

8

Cobalamin Synthesis in Yersinia enterocolitica 8081

43

Michael B . PRENTICE, Jon CUCCUL Nick THOMSON,Julian PARKHILL, Evelyn DEER Y and Martin J. WARREN

9

Construction of a Yersinia pestis Microarray

47

Richard A. STABLER, Jason HINDS, Adam A . WITNEY,Karen ISHERWOOD, Petra OYSTON Richard TITBALL ,Brendan WREN, Stewart HINCHLIFFE, MichaelPRENTICE, Joseph A. MANGAN and Phillip D . BUTCHER

10 A Conjugal Type IV Transfer System in Yersinia

5 1enterocolitica Strains

Greta GOELZ, Dorothea KNABNER, Bernd APPEL an dEckhard STRA UCH

11 Transmission Factors : Yersinia pestis Genes Required to 55Infect the Flea Vector of Plague

B. Joseph HINNEB USCH

PART II

63PATHOGENESIS AND HOST INTERACTIONS

12 Rho-GTP Binding Proteins in Yersinia Target CellInteractio n

Martin AEPFELBACHER, Claudia TRASAK, Agnes

65WIEDEMANN and Andreas ANDOR

13 A Technique of Intradermal Injection of Yersinia to

7 3Study Y. pestis Physiopathology

Francoise GUINET and Elisabeth CARNIEL

14 YopT Is A Cysteine Protease Cleaving Rho Family

79GTPases

Feng SHAO and Jack E. DIXON

15 Structural Studies of Yersinia Adhesin YadA

8 5

Hell NUMMELIN, Yasmin EL TAHIR, Pauli OLLIKKA ,Mikael SKURNIK and Adrian GOLDMA N

16 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Harbors a Type IV Pilus

89Gene Cluster that Contributes to Pathogenicity

Francois COLL YN, Michael MARCEAU and Miche lSIMONET

17

Salicylanilides are Potent Inhibitors of Type III

97Secretion in Yersinia

Anna M. KAUPPI, Roland NORDFELTH, Ulri kHAGGLUND, Hans WOLF- WATZ and Mikael ELOFSSO N

18 Mapping of Possible Laminin Binding Sites of Y. pestis

10 1Plasminogen Activator (Pla) via Phage Displa y

Orsolya BENEDEK, Judit BENE, Bela MELEGH andLevente EMODY

19 The Fish Pathogen Yersinia ruckeri Possesses a TTS

105System

Deephti K. GUNASENA, Jenny R. KOMROWER and SheilaMACINTYRE

20 Characterisation of the Type III Secretion Protein YscU 10 9in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Moa LAVANDER, Lena SUNDBERG, Petra J . EDQVIST,Scott A . LLOYD, Hans WOLF-WAIZ and Ike FORSBERG

21 Mutagenesis Elucidates The Assembly Pathway and

11 3Structure of Yersinia pestis Fl Polymer

Joanne E. KERSLEY, Anton V. ZAVIALOV, Elha mMOSLEHI, Stefan D. KNIGHT and Sheila MACINTYR E

22 Characterization of Infections with Wild and Mutant

11 7Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Strains in Rabbit Ora lModel

Hristo NAJDENSKI, Anna VESSELINOVA, Elits aGOLKOCHEVA, Sara GARBOM and Hans WOLF-WATZ

23 Identification of Yersinia pestis Pigment Receptor

12 1

Olga N. PODLADCHIKOVA and Grigory G . DIKHANO V

24 Yersinia enterocolitica Biotype IA: Not as Harmless as

12 5You Think

Sharon M. TENNANT, Narelle A . SKINNER, Angela JOEand Roy M. ROBINS-BROWNE

25 Pestoides F, a Yersinia pestis Strain Lacking

129Plasminogen Activator, is Virulent by the Aerosol Rout e

Patricia L. WORSHAM and Chad ROY

26 Impact of the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis -Derived

133Mitogen (YPM) on the Murine Immune Syste m

Christophe CARNOY, Caroline LOIEZ, ChristelleFAVEEUW, Corinne GRANGETTE, Pierr eDESREUMAUX and Michel SIMONE T

27 Role of T Cells and Gamma Interferon in Yersinia

13 7pseudotuberculosis -Derived Mitogen (YPM)-Induce dToxicity in Mice

Hirotsugu KANO, Yasuhiko ITO, Kentaro MATSUOKA ,Tutomu IWATA, Hirohisa SAITO, Takao KOHSAKA an dJun ABE

28 Yersinia pestis Pla Has Multiple Virulence-Associated

14 1Functions

Kaarina LÄHTEENMÄIü, Maini KUKKONEN, Silja

JAATINEN, Marjo SUOMALAINEN, Hanna SORANUMMI,Ritva VIRKOLA, Hannu LANG and Timo K. KORHONEN

29 Polyclonal B-Cell Activation in Mice Infected by

147Intragastric Route with Yersinia enterocolitica 0 : 8

Beatriz M.M. MEDEIROS, Orivaldo P. RAMOS, EloisaE.E. SILVA and Deise P. FALCÄO

30 Polyclonal Activation as a Consequence of Infection of

15 1Mice with Yersinia enterocolitica 0 :3 Isolated fro mPatients with or without Arthriti s

Beatriz M. M. MEDEIROS, Eloisa E. E. SILVA, Orivaldo P.RAMOS and Deise P. FALCA O

31 The Response of Murine Macrophages to Infection with 15 5Yersinia pestis as Revealed by DNA Microarray Analysi s

Lee-Ching NG, 01a FORSLUND, Susie KOH, KerstinKUOPPA and Anders SJÖSTED T

32 Defensive Function of Phagocytes in Pseudotuberculosis 16 1

Natalya G . PLEKHOVA, Larisa M. SOMOVA-ISACHKOVA and Felix N. SHUBIN

33 Mechanisms of Yersinia Enterocolitica Evasion of the

16 5Host Innate Immune Response by V Antigen

Andreas SING, Dagmar ROST, Natalia TVARDOVSKAIA ,Andreas ROGGENKAMP, Anna M GEIGER, Carsten J.KIRSCHNING, Agnes WIEDEMANN, Marti nAEPFELBACHER and Jürgen HEESEMANN

34 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Its Toxins and Plant Cells

169

Nelly TIMCHENKO, Marina ELISEIKINA, Vikto rBULGAKOV, Elena BULAKH, Elena YASNETSKAYA,Elena NEDASHKOVSKAYA and Yury ZHURAVLE V

35 Influence of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis on the

17 3Immunity of Echinoderms

Marina ELISEIKINA, Nelly TIMCHENKO, AleksandrBULGAKOV, Timyr MAGARLAMOV and Irina PETROVA

36 Acute and Chronic Experimental Infection Processes

17 7Caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Evaluationof Interleukin Action on Their Development an dOutcom e

Galina Y. TSENEVA, Ekaterina A . VOSKRESSENSKAYA,Andrey S. SIMBIRTSEV, Irina V.SHESTAKOVA, Tatiana E.

DEMAKOVA andIrina A. CHMYR

37 Role of Apoptosis of Phagocytic Cells in the

18 1Development of Immunodeficiency in Plagu e

Galina I. VASILIEVA, Victor N KOZLOVSKY, Alla KKISELEVA, Michail B. MISHANKIN and Boris NMISHANKIN

PART III

18 5LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE, BACTERIOPHAGES AND CELLWALL FUNCTIO N

38 Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Biological Role of 187Yersinia Lipopolysaccharide

Mikael SKURNIK

39 0 Antigen Gene Clusters of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 19 9

Peter R. REEVES, Elvia PACINELLI and Lei WAN G

40 Cloning and Characterization of the Yersinia

207

enterocolitica Serotype 0:9 Lipopolysaccharide 0 -Antigen Gene Cluster

Peter S. L ÜBECK, Jeffrey HOORFAR, Peter AHRENS andMikael SKURNIK

41 Characterization of the Lipopolysaccharide Outer Core 21 1Biosynthesis of Yersinia enterocolitica Serotype 0: 3

Elise PINTA, Reija VENHO, Jose Antonio BENGOECHEAand Mikael SKURNIK

42 ECA-Antibodies in Antisera Against R Mutants of

21 5Yersinia enterocolitica 0 :3

Joanna RADZIEJEWSKA-LEBRECHT, KatarzynaKASPERKIEWICZ, Mikael SKURNIK, Lore BRADE, NoSTEINMETZ, Anna S. SWIERZKO and Artur MUSZYNSK1

43 Lipopolysaccharides of Yersinia

21 9

Otto HOLST

44 The Core Structure of the Lipopolysaccharide of

229Yersinia pestis Strain KM21 8

Tat yana A . GREMYAKOVA, Evgeny V. VINOGRADOV,Buko LINDNER, Nina A . KOCHAROVA, Sofya NSENCHENKOVA, Aleksander S. SHASHKOV Yuriy A .KNIREL, Otto HOLST, Rima Z SHAIKHUTDINOVA, andAndrei P. ANISIMO V

45 Yersiniophages

233

Maria I. PAJUNEN, Ian J. MOLINEUX and MikaelSKURNIK

46 Properties of the Temperate Yersinia enterocolitica

24 1Bacteriophage PY54

Stefan HERTWIG, Iris KLEINand Bernd APPEL

47 Transposon Mutagenesis of the Phage 4YeO3-12

245

Saya KILJUNEN, Heikki VILEN, Harri SAVILAHTI andMikael SKURNIK

48 Analysis of Enterocoliticin, a Phage Tail-Like

249Bacteriocin

Eckhard STRAUCH, Heike KASPAR, ChristophSCHAUDINN, Christina DAMASKO, An je KONIETZNY,Petra DERSCH, Mikael SKURNIK and Bernd APPE L

49 Function and Regulation of the Salmonella-Like pmrF

253Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance Operon in Yersiniapseudotuberculosis

Michael MARCEAU, Florent SEBBANE. Francois

COLLYN and Michel SIMONE T

50 Porin from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis : Cloning and

257Analysis of Primary Structure

Marina P. ISSAEVA, Konstantin V. GUZEV, Olga D .NOVIKOVA, Tamara F. SOLOVJEVA, Serge iDEGTYAREVI and Valeri A . RASSKAZO V

51 Pore-Forming Proteins of Genus Yersinia

26 1

Olga P. VOSTRIKOVA, Olga D . NOVIKOVA, Natalya Y.KIM, Gatina N LIKHATSKAYA and Tamara F.SOLOVJEVA

PART IV

265GENE REGULATION

52 Regulation of 0-Antigen Biosynthesis in Yersinia

267enterocolitica

Jose Antonio BENGOECHEA

53 Regulation of the Yersinia pestis Yfe and Ybt Iron

275Transport Systems

Robert D. PERRY, Jennifer ABNEY, Ildefonso MIER, Jr. ,Yong LEE, Scott W. BEARDEN and Jacqueline D.FETHERSTON

54 Function and Regulation of the Transcriptional

285Activator RovA of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Geraldine NAGEL, Ann Kathrin HEROVEN, Julia EITELand Petra DERSCH

55 Temperature and Growth Phase Regulate the

289Transcription of the 0-Antigen Gene Cluster of Yersiniaenterocolitica 0: 3

Pia LAHTINEN, Agnieszka BRZEZINSKA and MikaelSKURNIK

PART V

293EPIDEMIOLOG Y

56 Molecular Epidemiology of Yersinia enterocolitica 4/0 :3 295

Maria FREDRIKSSON-AHOMAA and Hannu KORKEAL A

57 Occurrence of Y. enterocolitica in Slaughter Pigs and

303Consequences for Meat Inspection, Slaughtering andDressing Procedures

Truls NESBAKKEN, Karl ECKNER, Hilde Kristin HDIDA Land Ole-Johan ROTTERUD

58 Molecular Epidemiology of the Five Recent Outbreaks

309of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in Finland

Saija HALLANVUO, Pekka NUORTI, Ulla-Maija NAKARIand Anja SIITONEN

59 Yersinia pestis from Natural Foci

31 3

Vladimir V. KUTYREV, 01 'ga A. PROTSENKO, George B.SMIRNOV, Elena BOOLGAKOVA, Lubov M KUKLEVA ,Irina V. ZUDINA, Nadezhda A. VIDYAEVA and Inn aKOOZMICHENKO

60 A Virulence Study of Yersinia enterocolitica 0 :3 Isolated 31 7from Sick Humans and Animals in Brazil Using PC Rand Phenotypic Tests

Juliana P. FALCAO, Deise P . FALCAO, Edneia F.CORREA, and Marcelo BROCCHI

61

Molecular Virulence Characteristics and Kinetics of

32 1Infection of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Isolated fromSick and Healthy Animals

Carlos Henrique G. MARTINS and Deise P. FALCA O

62 Detection of Yersinia enterocolitica in Slaughter Pigs

325

Viktoria ATANASSOVA, Jutta HUGENBERG and Christia n

RING

63 Mechanism of Formation of a Population Level of

329Virulence of Yersinia pestis

Bakyt B . ATSHABAR

64 Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for the Presumptive 333Identification of Yersinia pestis Strains in Georgia

Lela BAKANIDZE, loseb VELIJANASHVILI, MerabKEKELIDZE, Levan BERIDZE, Ekaterine ZANGALADZE ,Mariam ZAKALASHVILI, David TSERETELI and PaataIMNADZE

65 Genetic (Sero)Typing of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

337

Tatiana M BOGDANOVICH, Elisabeth CARNIEL, Hirosh iFUKUSHIMA and Mikael SKURNIK

66 Yersinia spp. in the Environment : Epidemiology and

34 1Virulence Characteristics

Deise P. FALCÄO, Edneia F.C. CORREA and Juliana P.FALCÄO

67 Molecular Characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica IA 345Strains Isolated from Buenos Aires Sewage Water

Mirtha E. FLOCCARI, Heinrich K.J. NEUBAUER, StellaM. GOMEZ, Czilla LODRl and Jose L. PARADA

68 Molecular Typing of Yersinia Strains by Pulsed-Field

349Gel Electrophoresis and RAPD-PCR .

Laura FRANZLN and Daniela CABODI

69 Bacteriocin Susceptibility of Clinical Yersinia Strains

353

Laura FRANZLN, Daniela CABODI, and CristinaFANTINO

70 Molecular Epidemiology of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 357

Hiroshi FUKUSHIMA

71 Growth of Yersinia enterocolitica in Inegol Meatballs

359

Ugur GUNSEN

72 Molecular Genetic Typing of Yersinia enterocolitica

363Serovar 0:8 Isolated in Japa n

Hideki HAYASHIDANI, Yuki ISHIYAMA, Tomomitsu A .OKATANI, Shin-Ichiro YOSHIDA, Motoko ISHIK4WA ,Yukio KATO, Yoshimitsu OHTOMO, Masaaki SAITO ,Tomoko HORISAKA, Ken-Ichi KANEKO, and Masu oOGAWA

73 Prevalence and Characterisation ofyadA-Positive

367Yersinia enterocolitica in Pig Tonsils in 1995 and 1999

Tiina KORTE, Maria FREDRIKSSON-AHOMAA an dHannu KORKEALA

74 Yersiniapseudotuberculosis in Pigs and Pig Houses in

37 1Finland

Riikka LAUKKANEN, Taina NISKANEN, MariaFREDRIKSSON-AHOMAA and Hannu KORKEALA

75 Evaluation of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) 375for Yersinia enterocolitica Molecular EpidemiologyInvestigations

Marina MARRANZANO, Maria A. CONIGLIO and LuisaMAURO

76 Fl-Negative Natural Y. pestis Strains

379

Tatyana V. MEKA-MECHENKO

77 Occurence of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in Iceberg

383Lettuce and Environment

Taina NISKANEN, Maria FREDRIKSSON-AHOMAA andHannu KORKEALA

78 A Rapid Method for the Detection of Enteropathogenic 387Yersinia in Routine Diagnostics of Yersiniosis andPseudotuberculosis

Igor V. SMIRNOV, Vitali V. TSARKOV and Anton V.YAKUSHEV

79 Molecular Epidemiological Characterization of Yersinia 39 1pseudotuberculosis Circulating in Different Geographi cAreas of the Russian Federatio n

Ekaterina A . VOSKRESSENSKAYA, Valet), T. KLIMOV,Galina Y. TSENEVA, Elisabeth CARNIEL, JeannineFOULON and Margarita V. CHESNOKOVA

PART VI

395DISEASES, VACCINES AND DIAGNOSTIC S

80 Second and Third Generation Plague Vaccines

397

Richard W. TITBALL and E. Diane WILLIAMSON

81 Yersinia Outer Protein E, YopE

407

Holger ROSSMANN

82 Immunological Characterisation of Sub-Units of the

415Yersinia Type III Secretion Apparatus

James HILL, Cindy D . UNDERWOOD, Lena SUNDBERG,Hanna ASTROM, Sophie E.C. LEARY, Ike FORSBERGand Richard W. TITBALL

83 A Recombinant Prototrophic Yersinia pestis Strain

41 9Over-Produces Fl Antigen with Enhanced Serologica lActivity

Svetlana V. DENTOVSKAYA, Rima Z SHAIKHUTDINOVAand Andrei P. ANISIMOV

84 Vaccination with Plasmid DNA Expressing the Yersinia 423pestis Capsular Protein Fl Protects Mice Against Plagu e

Haim GROSFELD, Tamar BINO, Yehuda FLASHNER,Raphael BER, Emanuelle MAMROUD, Shlomo LUSTIG,Baruch VELAN, Avigdor SHAFFERMAN and Sara COHEN

85 Evaluation of Protective Immunity Induced by Yersinia 425enterocolitica Type-III Secretion System Mutants

Emanuelle MAMROUD, Yehuda FLASHNER, Avital

TIDHAR, Raphael BER, David GUR, Moshe AFTALION ,Shirley LAZAR, Baruch VELAN, Avigdor SHAFFERMANand Sara COHEN

86 Epidemiology and Diagnostics of Yersinia-Infections

43 1

Heinrich K.J. NEUBAUER and Lisa D. SPRAGUE

87 Susceptibility to Plague of the Rodents in Antananarivo, 43 9Madagasca r

Lila RAHALISON, Michel RANJALAHY, Jean-MarcDUPLANTIER, Jean-Bernard DUCHEMIN, JocelynRAVELOSAONA, Lala RATSIFASOAMANANA an dSuzanne CHANTEA U

88 Food-PCR

443

Mathilde H. JOSEFSEN, Susanne THISTED LAMBER7Z,Stefan JENSEN and Jeffrey HOORFAR

89 A Multiplex PCR-Detection Assay for Yersinia

45 1enterocolitica Serotype 0:9 and Brucella spp. Based onthe Perosamine Synthetase Gene

Peter S. L ÜBECK, Mikael SKURNIK, Peter AHRENS an dJeffrey HOORFAR

90 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Yersiniosis

455

Arve SAEBO and Jorgen LASSEN

91 Pathogenic Role of a Superantigen in Yersinia

459pseudotuberculosis Infection

Jun ABE, Hirotsugu KANO, Hiroko NOGAMI, Shinich iMATSUMOTO, Kiyosi BABA, Hirohisa SAITO and Taka oKOHSAKA

92 Chronic Infection with Yersinia enterocolitica in Patients 46 3with Clinical or Latent Hyperthyroidis m

Björn E. WENZEL, Thea M. STRIEDER, Erzsebet GÄSPÄ Rand Wilma M WIERSINGA

93 A New Selective Medium Provides Improved Growth

467and Recoverability of Yersinia pestis

Raphael BER, Emanuelle MAMROUD, Moshe AFTALION,David GUR, Avital TIDHAR, Yehuda FLASHNER, an dSara COHEN.

94 Evaluation of a One-Step Biochemical Screening Test to 469Determine Pathogenic Strains of Yersinia enterocolitica

Bruce CIEBIN, Jeremy WAN and Frances JAMIESON

95 Production of Polyvalent Yersinia enterocolitica

473Bacteriophage Preparation for Medical Prophylacti cUse

Marina DARSAVELIDZE, Zhana KAPANADZE, TemoCHANISHVILI, Tamuna SULADZE, MaiaELIZBARASHVIL and Megi DVALISHVILI

96 New Approaches to Detect and Assess the Pathogenicity 477of Clinical Strains of Yersinia spp. Based on MolecularBiology Technique s

Galina Y. TSENEVA, Airat R. MAVZUTOV, Alena V.SVARVAL, Andrey H. BAYMIEV, Ekaterina A .VOSKRESSENSKAYA and Igor V. SMIRNO V

Index

481