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Hanadi Mirza Hanadi Mirza [email protected]@hotmail.com

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ESL/EFL ClassesESL/EFL Classes(KG2-8) (KG2-8)

Hanadi MirzaHanadi Mirza


Writing Development Writing Development

Why Write?Why Write?What do we write? What do we write?


Problems with WritingProblems with WritingKG 2KG 2

Cycle 1Cycle 1

Cycle 2Cycle 2

Cycle 3Cycle 3


We Write… We Write…

Letter Letter Word Word Sentence (vs. Non-Sentence) Sentence (vs. Non-Sentence) Paragraph Paragraph Essay Essay Term Paper Term Paper Master Thesis Master Thesis Ph.D. DissertationPh.D. Dissertation


Sentence StructureSentence Structure

KG Classes KG Classes Sentence PatternSentence Pattern

A cat ran. / My dog ran. / I ran. A cat ran. / My dog ran. / I ran.

I see a dog. / I see a cat. / I see a man.I see a dog. / I see a cat. / I see a man.

Max is in the box, / Max is under the boxMax is in the box, / Max is under the box.. Who/ does what- Someone/ is doing smthWho/ does what- Someone/ is doing smth Capital letter --- .Capital letter --- . Naming part + Telling partNaming part + Telling part S + V + O S + V + O Subject + Predicate= Simple SentenceSubject + Predicate= Simple Sentence

Ex:Ex: Put the word Put the word catcat in a sentence. (KG in a sentence. (KG


NCERDNCERDGrades 1, Grades 1, 22, 3, 3 Grade 4Grade 4

- Student writes for a variety - Student writes for a variety of audiences and purposes, of audiences and purposes, and in various formsand in various forms

- Write to record ideas and - Write to record ideas and reflectionsreflections

- Write to discover, develop, - Write to discover, develop, and refine ideasand refine ideas

- Write to communicate with - Write to communicate with a variety of audiencesa variety of audiences

- Write in different forms for - Write in different forms for different purposes including different purposes including list to record, letters to invite list to record, letters to invite and thank, and stories or and thank, and stories or poems to entertainpoems to entertain

Write to express, discover, record, develop, Write to express, discover, record, develop, reflect on ideas, and to problem solvereflect on ideas, and to problem solve

- Write to influence such as to persuade, argue - Write to influence such as to persuade, argue and requestand request

- Write to inform such as to explain, describe, - Write to inform such as to explain, describe, report, and narratereport, and narrate

- Write to entertain such as to compose - Write to entertain such as to compose humorous poems or short storieshumorous poems or short stories

- Exhibit an identifiable voice in personal - Exhibit an identifiable voice in personal narratives and in storiesnarratives and in stories

- Choose the appropriate form for his/her own - Choose the appropriate form for his/her own purpose for writing, including journals, letters, purpose for writing, including journals, letters, reviews, poems, narratives, instructionsreviews, poems, narratives, instructions


Writing Process (Gr 4) Writing Process (Gr 4) NCERDNCERD

Generate ideasGenerate ideas and plans for writing by using such and plans for writing by using such pre-writing strategiespre-writing strategies as as brainstorming, graphic organizers, notes and logsbrainstorming, graphic organizers, notes and logs

Develop draftDevelop draft by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and by categorizing ideas, organizing them into paragraphs, and blending paragraphs within larger units of textsblending paragraphs within larger units of texts

Revise selected draftsRevise selected drafts by adding, elaborating, deleting, combining, and by adding, elaborating, deleting, combining, and rearranging textrearranging text

Revise draftRevise draft for coherence, progression, and logical support of ideas for coherence, progression, and logical support of ideas Edit draftEdit draft for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied for specific purposes such as to ensure standard usage, varied

sentence structure, and appropriate word choicesentence structure, and appropriate word choice Use available Use available technologytechnology to support aspects of creating, revising, editing, to support aspects of creating, revising, editing,

and and publishing textpublishing text RefineRefine selected pieces frequently to publish for general and specific selected pieces frequently to publish for general and specific

audiencesaudiences ProofreadProofread his/her own writing and that of othershis/her own writing and that of others Select and Select and use reference materials and resources asuse reference materials and resources as needed for writing, needed for writing,

revising, and editing final draftsrevising, and editing final drafts

Paragraph Paragraph SchemataSchemata

ElementsElements + + Genre: Genre: Title Title DescriptiveDescriptive Indentation Adjectives Indentation Adjectives Topic Sentence Senses Topic Sentence Senses Supporting Details SimileSupporting Details Simile Concluding Sentence Metaphor Concluding Sentence Metaphor

Essay:Essay: Intro+ Body 1 + Body 2 + (Body 3) + Intro+ Body 1 + Body 2 + (Body 3) + ConcConc


Writing Problems & SolutionsWriting Problems & Solutions



Handwriting & DictationHandwriting & Dictation

Handwriting ExercisesHandwriting Exercises All Cycles All Cycles

- Cursive or Print?- Cursive or Print?

Dictation? Auto-dictation? Dictation? Auto-dictation?

- KGs: Identify sounds - KGs: Identify sounds THEN Write Letters THEN Write Letters

- Dictogloss / Dictocom?- Dictogloss / Dictocom?

Spelling Bee?Spelling Bee?

- Visual Memory vs. Spelling Rules- Visual Memory vs. Spelling Rules


Problems with Writing TasksProblems with Writing Tasks

Poor Writing Topics (summer vacations)Poor Writing Topics (summer vacations)

NO Schemata for Paragraph or Essay NO Schemata for Paragraph or Essay

- ID of Paragraph = Topic Sentence- ID of Paragraph = Topic Sentence

- ID of Essay = Thesis Statement - ID of Essay = Thesis Statement

Writing TopicsWriting Topics

* Students usually wait for the summer vacations to rest * Students usually wait for the summer vacations to rest and have fun. Some go to the beach. Others spend their and have fun. Some go to the beach. Others spend their time in the mountains or even travel abroad.time in the mountains or even travel abroad.

Write aWrite a paragraph paragraph in which you in which you describedescribe a new place you a new place you visited. How was it? What did you do there?visited. How was it? What did you do there?

((Graphic Organizer)Graphic Organizer)

Write a 4-paragraph Write a 4-paragraph essayessay in which you in which you argue with or againstargue with or against the law of banning the law of banning smoking in public places in Lebanon. smoking in public places in Lebanon.


Other Problems with WritingOther Problems with Writing

Grammar NOT integrated Grammar NOT integrated INTO INTO WritingWriting

(Habits in the present (Habits in the present Simple present) Simple present) Poor explanation of Spelling rules in ElemPoor explanation of Spelling rules in Elem

(hid – hide / cut – cute / mad – made)(hid – hide / cut – cute / mad – made) Memorizing words Memorizing words visually visually

(Dictation= NO Use of Listening to Write)(Dictation= NO Use of Listening to Write)

* Memorizing sentences/paragraphs for (official) * Memorizing sentences/paragraphs for (official) exams exams destroy writing process destroy writing process

Hanadi Mirza Hanadi Mirza

[email protected]@hotmail.com


Correcting Written MistakesCorrecting Written Mistakes

MistakeMistake TypeType Correction Correction SentenceSentence

freindfreind SpellingSpelling FriendFriend Tom is my Tom is my friend.friend.

he mixshe mixs

-at the -at the morningmorning

-make -make homework homework

Simple pre-Simple pre-Presen S-VPresen S-V-prep.prep.

-- - collocationscollocations

MixesMixes Sara mixes Sara mixes tea and tea and sugar.sugar.


Correcting Grammar MistakesCorrecting Grammar Mistakes

Revisit a point in grammarRevisit a point in grammar Eg. He? She? Or It?Eg. He? She? Or It?

Ex 1:Ex 1: Use pictures of different people, animals, things, Use pictures of different people, animals, things, places, ….: places, ….:

Ex. 2:Ex. 2: Tom is a little boy. _____ goes to school everyday, Tom is a little boy. _____ goes to school everyday, and _____ likes to study with his friend Carl. His sister and _____ likes to study with his friend Carl. His sister plays the piano and _____likes to play with her little plays the piano and _____likes to play with her little dog. _____ is her favorite friend. dog. _____ is her favorite friend.

Ex. 3:Ex. 3: Story: boy + girl + pet/toy - Paragraph (Narr/Des) Story: boy + girl + pet/toy - Paragraph (Narr/Des)


Improve Spelling & WritingImprove Spelling & Writing

1- Picture + 1 missing letter (beg. letter THEN other letters)1- Picture + 1 missing letter (beg. letter THEN other letters) 2- Picture + 2 missing letters (any two)2- Picture + 2 missing letters (any two) 3- Picture + scrambled letters3- Picture + scrambled letters 4- Picture only4- Picture only 5- Scrambled letters 5- Scrambled letters Word Formation Word Formation 6- Find the word: Cross puzzle (+ pics)6- Find the word: Cross puzzle (+ pics) 7- Dictation: Listen 7- Dictation: Listen thenthen Write word Write word 8- Unscramble words 8- Unscramble words Sentence Formation Sentence Formation Write sentencesWrite sentences 9- Unscramble sentences 9- Unscramble sentences Make a Paragraph Make a Paragraph Write a paragraphWrite a paragraph 10- Sequence paragraphs 10- Sequence paragraphs make an Essay make an Essay Write an essayWrite an essay 11- Creative Writing 11- Creative Writing

Avoid PlagiarismAvoid Plagiarism

Copy/Paste in:Copy/Paste in:Master ThesisMaster ThesisPh.D. DissertationPh.D. Dissertation

Projects (Cycles 2,& 3)Projects (Cycles 2,& 3)ParaphraseParaphrase ideas taken from: ideas taken from:

Internet/ newspapers / books / magazines... Internet/ newspapers / books / magazines...

Quote peopleQuote peopleHanadi Mirza Hanadi Mirza


WRITING for FunWRITING for Fun

Writing Activities vs. Reading Comprehension Q’sWriting Activities vs. Reading Comprehension Q’s

Writing as a Process vs. ProductWriting as a Process vs. Product

Hanadi Mirza Hanadi Mirza



Target of Target of Writing Activities Writing Activities

Students’ Students’

Real Life Experience?Real Life Experience?Imagination?Imagination?

Here and Now?Here and Now?

Write Write Sentence(s) / Paragraph / Essay Sentence(s) / Paragraph / Essay


Writing PromptsWriting Prompts

What has been the happiest day of your life?What has been the happiest day of your life?

If you could change one thing in the world, what would it be?If you could change one thing in the world, what would it be?

If you could change one thing about yourself, what would you change?If you could change one thing about yourself, what would you change?

What is the most Important thing in your life?What is the most Important thing in your life?

What is your favorite movie/book of all time? Why? What is your favorite movie/book of all time? Why?

What cartoon character would you most like to be?What cartoon character would you most like to be?


Input Input Needed Needed forforAuthentic Writing ActivitiesAuthentic Writing Activities

LListen to:isten to:a.a. StoryStoryb.b. MusicMusicc.c. SoundsSounds

Use Sight:Use Sight:a.a. Watch a VideoWatch a Videob.b. Look at a Picture/DrawingLook at a Picture/Drawingc.c. Read a StoryRead a Story



Vocab BoxVocab Box

1- Thematic Vocabulary1- Thematic Vocabulary Word / P. of Sp. / Def / Syn / Anto Word / P. of Sp. / Def / Syn / Anto

2- Application:2- Application:* Word Formation + Prefixes & Suffixes* Word Formation + Prefixes & SuffixesWord / Noun / Verb / Adj. / Adv.Word / Noun / Verb / Adj. / Adv.

* WRITE * WRITE Sentences / Paragraph / Essay Sentences / Paragraph / Essay


How to Improve How to Improve Writing?Writing?

PRACTICE PRACTICE

PRACICE PRACICE

PRACTICEPRACTICE


Thank YouThank You

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