English Settle English Settle JamestownJamestown

English in North America English in North America

Spanish prosper from gold in New WorldSpanish prosper from gold in New World

English seek a English seek a “piece of the action”.“piece of the action”.

King authorizes “Privateers” to rob Spanish of King authorizes “Privateers” to rob Spanish of gold being shipped to Spain.gold being shipped to Spain.

Sir Francis Drake & Sir Walter Raleigh were two Sir Francis Drake & Sir Walter Raleigh were two such men.such men.

Roanoke, the “Lost” Roanoke, the “Lost” ColonyColony

1585 – Sir Walter Raleigh attempted but 1585 – Sir Walter Raleigh attempted but colonists returned.colonists returned.

1587 – Raleigh sends 21587 – Raleigh sends 2ndnd group under group under

John White to Roanoke Island & leaves for John White to Roanoke Island & leaves for more supplies.more supplies.

1590 – White returns to an abandoned colony, 1590 – White returns to an abandoned colony, some rusted debris and… some rusted debris and…

What Happened to What Happened to Them?Them?

““There were theories. Indian raid, disease, but nobody There were theories. Indian raid, disease, but nobody knows what really happened. They were all just gone. knows what really happened. They were all just gone. Wiped out over night.”Wiped out over night.”

The principal theory is that they dispersed and were absorbed The principal theory is that they dispersed and were absorbed by either the local Croatoan or Hatteras Indians.by either the local Croatoan or Hatteras Indians.

“…“…descendants of the Croatoan tribe, the modern day Lumbee, descendants of the Croatoan tribe, the modern day Lumbee, [appeared…] 50 years after the disappearance of the colony. [appeared…] 50 years after the disappearance of the colony. Observers described these people as having European features Observers described these people as having European features and speaking English.”and speaking English.”

www.supernatural.tv/.../legends/s2/croatoan.htm

Jamestown Jamestown 16071607

England’s First Permanent England’s First Permanent “New World”“New World” Settlement Settlement

English - All English - All BusinessBusiness

Two Two Joint Stock Companies Joint Stock Companies

Shares of the business sold to investorsShares of the business sold to investors

Va. Company of PlymouthVa. Company of Plymouth

VA. Company of LondonVA. Company of London

Search for Silver & GoldSearch for Silver & Gold

Nothing else got done – no planning for futureNothing else got done – no planning for future

“…“…he that will not work shall not eat.” he that will not work shall not eat.”

John Smith forces farming.John Smith forces farming.

Jamestown Jamestown ThreatenedThreatened

John Smith blown up – Colonists’ link to John Smith blown up – Colonists’ link to Natives is gone and they distrust those Natives is gone and they distrust those remaining.remaining.

Colonists antagonize Indians & PowhatanColonists antagonize Indians & Powhatan

Crops fail, bad water, freezing winter…Crops fail, bad water, freezing winter…

““Starving time”Starving time”

Jamestown Jamestown ReboundsRebounds

Edwin Sandys Edwin Sandys - Minor Investor w/lots to lose - Minor Investor w/lots to lose reworks the settlement system.reworks the settlement system.

New Investors New Investors get 100 acres of free land.get 100 acres of free land.

Headrights System Headrights System – 50 additional acres for – 50 additional acres for paying passage of workers to Jamestown.paying passage of workers to Jamestown.

Indentured Servants Indentured Servants – Free passage in – Free passage in exchange for a contract to work 4-7 years.exchange for a contract to work 4-7 years.

Tobacco Saves Tobacco Saves JamestownJamestown

John Rolfe led a 2John Rolfe led a 2ndnd group of settlers. group of settlers.

Plays with blending 2 strains of tobacco to Plays with blending 2 strains of tobacco to compete with Spanish success.compete with Spanish success.

Result – a high quality plant in demand in Result – a high quality plant in demand in Europe. Europe. “Brown Gold” “Brown Gold” saves Jamestown. saves Jamestown.

After that tobacco was all they grewAfter that tobacco was all they grew