5
7/31/2019 English Language Teaching in Afghanistan http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-language-teaching-in-afghanistan 1/5 Ebndjxm Dfbnufne Qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb Jbqsgauhqjgb  Gl fdd qme qmjbnx qmfq mukfb cejbnx mf|e xg lfs jb|ebqea$ dfbnufne jx qme kgxq pg~eslud qggd"  ^e uxe jq lgs fdd puspgxex lsgk ~f`jbn up jb qme kgsbjbn qjdd ~e ng qg  cea" Lgs xe|esfd mjxqgsjhfd fba psfhqjhfd sefxgbx$ qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne mfx  cehgke qme kgxq jkpgsqfbq dfbnufne jb qme ndgcfd ljedax gl ndgcfd hgkkeshe fba hgkkubjhfqjgbx" Qme aensee gl jqx jkpgsqfbhe |fsjex lsgk gbe hgubqsz qg qme gqmes" Lgs e}fkpde jb Ebndfba fba Fkesjhf jq‚x qme ljsxq dfbnufne" Jb Jbajf fba Xjbnfpgse jq jx qme xehgba dfbnufne ~mjde jq jx qme lgsejnb dfbnufne jb hgubqsjex xuhm fx hmjbf fba Suxxjf" Jb qmjx pfpes$ J ~guda dj`e qg xquaz qme sgde$ xqfqux fba qme keqmgax lgddg~ea qg qefhm qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne jb Flnmfbjxqfb" Ebndjxm Dfbnufne Qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb9  Qme ~gsda jbqg ~mjhm Flnmfb hmjdaseb nsg~ up mfx cehgke kgse hgkpde}$ kgse ubhesqfjb$ kgse sjx`z cuq fdxg pgqebqjfddz kgse se~fsajbn" Aj|esxjqz fba jbbg|fqjgb xmguda ce qme aeljbjbn lefqusex gl qme xghjeqz jb ~mjhm Flnmfbx dj|e" Djbnujxqjh e}pgxuse fba xghjfdjyfqjgb fse |jqfd lgs qme sehgbxqsuhqjgb gl Flnmfbjxqfb" Ajsehq e}pesjebhex gl dfbnufne sedfqea hmfddebnex fba qfx`x fba e}fkpdex gl qme dfbnufne uxesx ~mg lubhqjgb jb f ~gs` eb|jsgbkebq fse sjhm fba pg~eslud sexgushex" Qmexe hfb ce uxea fx qggdx qg ebhgusfne fba ae|edgp dfbnufne defsbjbn x`jddx$ lgshjbn defsbesx qg fppdz qmejs nsg~jbn `bg~deane fba ubaesxqfbajbn gl qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne jb sefd djle hgbqe}q ~mjhm ~jdd medp qmek hgbbehq qg djle  cezgba qme xhmggd$ qmux csjbn kefbjbnlud hmfbnex jbqg qme dj|ex gl  Flnmfbx"  Flnmfbjxqfb jx qszjbn qg sehgbxqsuhq jqx jbxqjquqjgbx jbhduajbn eauhfqjgb fba |fsjgux gsnfbjyfqjgbx fse qmese qg xuppgsq qmek jb qme psghexx gl sehgbxqsuhqjgb" Dgg`jbn cfh` fq qme mjxqgsz gl Flnmfbjxqfb gbe hfb efxjdz ubaesxqfba qme hudquse fba xghjeqz gl jqx pegpde"  Flnmfbx fse xqsfjnmqlgs~fsa fba ekgqjgbfd pegpde" Qmez dg|e qmejs sedjnjgb fba qsfajqjgbx kgse qmfb fbzqmjbn" Qmez beea f ~edd xqsuhqusea Ebndjxm dfbnufne hussjhuduk cfxea gb qme pmjdgxgpmz gl xghjfd sehgbxqsuhqjgb fba ndgcfd jbqesfhqjgb" Qmez beea qg ce e}pgxea qg qme kgaesb ~gsda qmsgunm qme ~jbag~ gl Ebndjxm dfbnufne" 

English Language Teaching in Afghanistan

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Page 1: English Language Teaching in Afghanistan

7/31/2019 English Language Teaching in Afghanistan

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/english-language-teaching-in-afghanistan 1/5

Ebndjxm Dfbnufne Qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb

Jbqsgauhqjgb 

Gl fdd qme qmjbnx qmfq mukfb cejbnx mf|e xg lfs jb|ebqea$ dfbnufne jx

qme kgxq pg~eslud qggd" ^e uxe jq lgs fdd puspgxex lsgk ~f`jbn up jb qme kgsbjbn qjdd ~e ng qg cea"Lgs xe|esfd mjxqgsjhfd fba psfhqjhfd sefxgbx$ qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne mfx

 cehgke qme kgxq jkpgsqfbq dfbnufne jb qme ndgcfd ljedax gl ndgcfdhgkkeshe fba hgkkubjhfqjgbx" Qme aensee gl jqx jkpgsqfbhe |fsjexlsgk gbe hgubqsz qg qme gqmes" Lgs e}fkpde jb Ebndfba fba Fkesjhfjq‚x qme ljsxq dfbnufne" Jb Jbajf fba Xjbnfpgse jq jx qme xehgbadfbnufne ~mjde jq jx qme lgsejnb dfbnufne jb hgubqsjex xuhm fx hmjbffba Suxxjf"

Jb qmjx pfpes$ J ~guda dj`e qg xquaz qme sgde$ xqfqux fba qme keqmgaxlgddg~ea qg qefhm qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne jb Flnmfbjxqfb"

Ebndjxm Dfbnufne Qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb9 

Qme ~gsda jbqg ~mjhm Flnmfb hmjdaseb nsg~ up mfx cehgke kgsehgkpde}$ kgse ubhesqfjb$ kgse sjx`z cuq fdxg pgqebqjfddz kgsese~fsajbn" Aj|esxjqz fba jbbg|fqjgb xmguda ce qme aeljbjbn lefqusexgl qme xghjeqz jb ~mjhm Flnmfbx dj|e" Djbnujxqjh e}pgxuse fbaxghjfdjyfqjgb fse |jqfd lgs qme sehgbxqsuhqjgb gl Flnmfbjxqfb"Ajsehq e}pesjebhex gl dfbnufne sedfqea hmfddebnex fba qfx`x fba

e}fkpdex gl qme dfbnufne uxesx ~mg lubhqjgb jb f ~gs` eb|jsgbkebqfse sjhm fba pg~eslud sexgushex" Qmexe hfb ce uxea fx qggdx qgebhgusfne fba ae|edgp dfbnufne defsbjbn x`jddx$ lgshjbn defsbesx qgfppdz qmejs nsg~jbn `bg~deane fba ubaesxqfbajbn gl qme Ebndjxmdfbnufne jb sefd djle hgbqe}q ~mjhm ~jdd medp qmek hgbbehq qg djle

 cezgba qme xhmggd$ qmux csjbn kefbjbnlud hmfbnex jbqg qme dj|ex gl  Flnmfbx" Flnmfbjxqfb jx qszjbn qg sehgbxqsuhq jqx jbxqjquqjgbx jbhduajbneauhfqjgb fba |fsjgux gsnfbjyfqjgbx fse qmese qg xuppgsq qmek jb qmepsghexx gl sehgbxqsuhqjgb" Dgg`jbn cfh` fq qme mjxqgsz gl Flnmfbjxqfbgbe hfb efxjdz ubaesxqfba qme hudquse fba xghjeqz gl jqx pegpde"

 Flnmfbx fse xqsfjnmqlgs~fsa fba ekgqjgbfd pegpde" Qmez dg|e qmejssedjnjgb fba qsfajqjgbx kgse qmfb fbzqmjbn" Qmez beea f ~eddxqsuhqusea Ebndjxm dfbnufne hussjhuduk cfxea gb qme pmjdgxgpmz gl xghjfd sehgbxqsuhqjgb fba ndgcfd jbqesfhqjgb" Qmez beea qg ce e}pgxeaqg qme kgaesb ~gsda qmsgunm qme ~jbag~ gl Ebndjxm dfbnufne" 

Page 2: English Language Teaching in Afghanistan

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Xqfqux gl Ebndjxm Dfbnufne Qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb9 

Bejqmes Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx qme ljsxq dfbnufne$ bgs jx jq qfunmq fx fxehgba dfbnufne jb Flnmfbjxqfb" Qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx qfunmq fx flgsejnb dfbnufne jb Flnmfbjxqfb$ cehfuxe fdd g|es qme hgubqsz zgu

hfbbgq ljba fbz bfqj|e+xpef`es$ gs fbzgbe qg xpef` qg fba uxe jq jbmjx'mes sefd djle" Fba Ebndjxm jx bgq uxea fx fb glljhjfd dfbnufne jb qmehgubqsz qmfq jx ~mz ~e hfbbgq hfdd jq fx f ljsxq gs xehgba dfbnufne gl 

 Flnmfb pegpde" Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx gbdz qfunmq fx f lgsejnb dfbnufnejb qme ubj|esxjqjex$ hgddenex fba jb qme xhmggdx gl Flnmfbjxqfb lsgk qmeqjke jq ~fx jbqsgauhea qjdd bg~" Fba jq mfx be|es ceeb uxea fx qmekeajuk gl jbxqsuhqjgb"

 F lgsejnb dfbnufne jx f dfbnufne bgq xpg`eb cz qme pegpde gl f hesqfjbpdfhe" Jq jx fdxg f dfbnufne bgq xpg`eb jb qme bfqj|e hgubqsz gl qmepesxgb selessea qg$ j"e" fb Ebndjxm xpef`es dj|jbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb hfb

xfz qmfq _esxjfb jx f lgsejnb dfbnufne qg mjk gs mes" 

Hussjhuduk gl Ebndjxm dfbnufne qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb9 

 Fhhgsajbn xgke sexefshmesx dj`e0 Igmb ^mjqe , _mjdjp G.Mefs$ e|esz hgubqsz beeax qg mf|e f bfqjgbfd hussjhuduk" Cehfuxe fb faevufqefba xuhhexxlud bfqjgbfd hussjhuduk ~guda xeq hussjhuduk pdfbbjbn fqbfqjgbfd fba xhmggd de|ed jb qme hgbqe}q gl hgmesebq fba hdefs fjkxfba eqmjhfd |fduex" Qmeselgse ~jqmguq mf|jbn f bfqjgbfd hussjhuduk$qme psghexx gl qme qefhmjbn ~jdd bgq ce ellehqufd" Aue qg qme lsevuebq

ajxquscfbhex$ ublgsqubfqedz$ qmese jx bg bfqjgbfd hussjhuduk lgs qmeubj|esxjqjex fba hgddenex jb Flnmfbjxqfb" Mg~e|es qmese jx xgkesexpjqe$ xfz f sfz gl mgpe" ^jqm qme ellgsqx gl xgke BNGx qmese jxxgke `jba gl f bfqjgbfd hussjhuduk ~mjhm jx cejbn lgddg~ea fq qmexhmggd de|ed"Qmese jx f lj}ea hussjhuduk lgs xhmggdx ~mjhm jx kfae cz Kjbjxqsz gl Eauhfqjgb gl Flnmfbjxqfb fba jq jx xeq jb xpehjfd qe}q cgg`x lgs qmeng|esbkebq xhmggdx" Qme qefhmes qefhmex jb xhmggdx ~mfqe|es mfx

 ceeb qg qmek fx qe}qcgg`x" Fba xquaebqx mf|e qg lgddg~ ~mfq mfx ceebnj|eb qg qmek fx qe}qcgg`x"

Mjxqgsjhfd cfh`nsguba gl Ebndjxm qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb9 

Qme qefhmjbn gl Ebndjxm fx f lgsejnb dfbnufne xqfsqea jb 6:8=$ lsgkqme xe|ebqm nsfae jb qme xhmggdx gl Flnmfbjxqfb" Jq mfx ceeb qfunmqqmsgunm f lj}ea hussjhuduk ~mjhm ~fx ~sjqqeb ag~b jb qme xpehjfdqe}qcgg`x ~mjhm ~fx uxea qjdd 3??=" Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx gllesea fx f

Page 3: English Language Teaching in Afghanistan

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hgkpudxgsz dfbnufne jb qme xhmggdx gl Flnmfbjxqfb" Cuq jb qmehgddenex fba ubj|esxjqjex$ jq xqfsqea qg ce defsbea flqes gbe zefs fx fxuciehq" Jb -6:=5+6:=<* qme Ebndjxm aepfsqkebqx ~ese exqfcdjxmea jbqme ubj|esxjqjex gl Flnmfbjxqfb" Xjbhe qmeb jq mfx ceeb qfunmq fx fxepfsfqe dfbnufne fdgbnxjae qme gqmes q~g bfqjgbfd dfbnufnex Afsjfba _fxmqg" Mg~e|es$ Ebndjxm mfx ceeb xqjdd qfunmq fx f lgsejnbdfbnufne"Ausjbn qmexe aehfaex$ xgkeqmjbn |esz xqsfbne mfppebea fba hmfbneae|esz qmjbn0 e|eb afkfnea qme eauhfqjgb xzxqek gl qmjx hgubqsz fbaqefhmjbn gl Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx bgq f~fz lsgk qmjx jbhjaebhe" Jb 6:>:xqme Xg|jeq Ubjgb jb|faea Flnmfbjxqfb fba jbxqefa gl Ebndjxmdfbnufne$ Suxxjfb ~fx qfunmq jb qme xhmggdx$ hgddenex fba ubj|esxjqjex"E|eb xgke gl qme kgxq pgpudfs ubj|esxjqjex xuhm fx _gd e qehmbjvuefba Xmgces Nmfb ubj|esxjqz lgddg~x Suxxjfb dfbnufne jx xqjdd cejbn

qfunmq" Xggb flqes qme Suxxjfbx ~jqmase~ 6:==$ Suxxjfb dfbnufne ~fxsekg|ea lsgk qme hussjhuduk fba ~fx sepdfhea cz Ebndjxm dfbnufne"Jq mfx ceeb xjbhe qmeb qfunmq fx f hgkpudxgsz xuciehq jb xhmggdx fba fxepfsfqe dfbnufne jb qme hgddenex fba ubj|esxjqjex gl Flnmfbjxqfb"Jb 3??:$ f be~ fba se|jxea qe}qcgg` qg qefhm Ebndjxm fq qme xhmggdde|ed ~fx pucdjxmea" Lgs qme ljsxq qjke e|es$ jq mfx xgke se|gduqjgbfsz hmfbnex" Qme qe}qcgg` qmfq mfa ceeb jb |gnue efsdjes uxea qg mf|e qmejbxqsuhqjgbx sedfqea qme dfbnufne defsbjbn fhqj|jqjex fba e}eshjxex jbqme bfqj|e dfbnufne gl qme xquaebqx0 ejqmes jb Afsj gs jb _fxqg" Cuq qmeqe}qcgg` psepfsea jb 3??: mfx mfa xgke sekfs`fcde hmfbnex9 qme

jbxqsuhqjgbx fse bg~ nj|eb jb Ebndjxm fba qme qefhmjbn gl Ebndjxmxqfsqx lsgk qme lgusqm nsfae"

Ebndjxm dfbnufne qefhmjbn jb qme xhmggdx gl Flnmfbjxqfb9 

Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx qfunmq qmsgunm qme qsfajqjgbfd nsfkkfsqsfbxdfqjgb keqmga jb Flnmfbjxqfb" Qme qefhmes jx qme fuqmgsjqz jb qmehdfxxsggk fba kgxq pfsq gl qme dexxgbx fse qfunmq qmsgunm qsfbxdfqjgblsgk qfsneq dfbnufne qg qme xquaebqx‚ bfqj|e dfbnufne$ fba nsfkkfsjx qfunmq aeauhqj|edz" Fba qme qefhmes jx xuppgxea qg e}pdfjb

e|eszqmjbn jb qme bfqj|e dfbnufne gl qme xquaebqx" Qefhmesx ag bgqmf|e qg ce fcde qg xpef` qme qfsneq dfbnufne -j"e" Ebndjxm dfbnufne* fqfdd jb qme hdfxxsggk"

 Fx J kebqjgbea jb qme pse|jgux xehqjgb qmese jx xqsuhqusea hussjhuduk ~mjhm jx ~sjqqeb jb expehjfd qe}qcgg`x$ fba qme qefhmesx ~mg fseqefhmjbn jb qme xhmggdx xmguda qefhm qme cgg`x" Qme Ubjqx gl qme cgg`x

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fse nsfaea -e"n" jl qme ljsxq ubjqe jx fcguq xjkpde psexebq qebxe$ qmebe}q ubjqe ~jdd ce xjkpde pfxq qebxe*"Ebndjxm dfbnufne qefhmjbn ~fx qfunmq lsgk xe|ebqm nsfae qjdd 3??=$

 cuq lsgk 3??: up qg psexebq jq mfx ceeb qfunmq lsgk qme lgusqm nsfaegb~fsax"

Ebndjxm dfbnufne qefhmjbn jb qsfjbjbn jbxqjquqex' hgddenex9 

Jb hgddenex$ qmese jx bg lj}ea hussjhuduk ~mjhm f qefhmes xmguda qefhmEbndjxm" Fx f sexudq qme gbux jx gb qme qefhmes ~mg mfx qg ae|edgpmes'mjx g~b kfqesjfdx$ aexjnb xzddfcux lgs qme qefhmjbn" Cuqublgsqubfqedz kgxq gl qme qefhmesx qefhmjbn fq qmjx de|ed fse evufddz ubjblgskea fcguq qme kgaesb ~fzx gl qefhmjbn" Qmez fdxg lgddg~ qmexfke hgb|ebqjgbfd qsfbxdfqjgb gl nsfkkfs ~jqm sudex fba e}fkpdex"

Qefhmesx mf|e qme hebqsfd sgde gl qme hdfxx fba e|esz fhqj|jqz jx agbelsgk qefhmes xjae$ fba xquaebqx fse gbdz pfxxj|e pfsqjhjpfbqx" Fbakgxq pfsqx gl qme dexxgbx fse qfunmq qmsgunm xqsuhqusex$ fbajbxqsuhqjgbx fse nj|eb jb bfqj|e dfbnufne gl qme xquaebqx"

Ebndjxm dfbnufne qefhmjbn jb qme ubj|esxjqjex9 

Qme xjqufqjgb jx bg ceqqes mese" Fx jq jx jb qme hgddenex$ qmese jx bg lj}eahussjhuduk qg qefhm fba defsb qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne jb qme ubj|esxjqjexgl Flnmfbjxqfb" Cuq gbdz bgqjhefcde ajllesebhe jx qme pesjga gl defsbjbn Ebndjxm" Fq qme hgddene de|ed qme xquaebqx defsb Ebndjxm lgs

 iuxq q~g zefsx celgse nsfaufqjbn ~mjde fq qme ubj|esxjqz de|ed qmexquaebqx neq qmejs aenseex flqes lgus zefsx"Qefhmesx uxe qme dehquse keqmgax jb cgqm qme dfbnufnex0 Ebndjxm fbaqme dghfd dfbnufne" Jb qme ubj|esxjqjex$ e|eb qme qefhmesx ~mebxqfsqjbn be~ xekexqes0 qmez ag bgq kf`e f hgusxe xzddfcux cehfuxekgxq gl qmek ag bgq `bg~ mg~ qg kf`e jq" Qmez uxe qme cgg` qmfqqmejs qefhmes ~guda mf|e uxea ~mjde qmez ~ese xquaebqx" Hdfxxsggkdjle jx qeajgux ~jqmguq e|eb f qsfhe gl bg|edqz fba defsbjbn" Bg~fafzxqmgxe qefhmesx ~mg ngq qmejs KF gs _mA lsgk Csjqjxm$ UX fba Jbajf jbEbndjxm dfbnufne fse qszjbn qg hmfbne qme xzxqek gl qefhmjbn Ebndjxmdfbnufne jb qmejs hebqesx ~jqm qme medp gl qme Mjnmes Eauhfqjgb_sgiehq$ Flnmfbjxqfb"

Jq jx fdkgxq qmsee zefsx qmfq Ebndjxm qefhmesx fq @fcud Ubj|esxjqz jbfunusfqea f hebqes lgs qefhmesx fhsgxx Flnmfbjxqfb qg medp qmek jbqefhmjbn Ebndjxm" Qme hebqes jx hfddea EDQFF ~mjhm kefbx EbndjxmDfbnufne Fxxghjfqjgb gl Flnmfbx" E|esz zefs qmez gsnfbjye fb fbbufd

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hgblesebhe lgs qefhmesx$ psexebqjbn jxxuex fba keqmgagdgnjexsenfsajbn qme Ebndjxm dfbnufne qefhmjbn jb Flnmfbjxqfb"

Jb hgbhduxjgb$ qme xzxqek gl qefhmjbn Ebndjxm jx upafqjbn afz cz afz" ^e fse |esz gpqjkjxqjh qmfq ~e ~jdd mf|e nsefq qefhmesx jb qme luquse"Qme psexebhe gl jbqesbfqjgbfd gsnfbjyfqjgbx jx f cjn fxxeq lgsjkpsg|jbn qme dfbnufne" 

Hmfddebnex fba psgcdekx qg~fsa Ebndjxm dfbnufne qefhmjbn jb

Flnmfbjxqfb9 

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6* Dfh` gl e}pesq' psgljhjebq qefhmesx 3* Jbxulljhjebq hfkpuxex$ djcsfsjex$ mgxqedx fba xg gb8* Dfh` gl cuaneq1* @eepjbn xquaebqx pfxxj|e5* Qmese jx bg xqfbafsa hussjhuduk<*  Dfh` gl f~fsebexx gl be~ keqmgax fba ae|edgpea keqmgagdgnz qg

qefhm Ebndjxm dfbnufne >* Uxjbn gl gda |esxjgb gl qe}qcgg`x

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 ^e ubaesxqfba qmfq Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx qfunmq jb f |esz qsfajqjgbfd ~fz jb Flnmfbjxqfb$ fba qme xqfqux gl Ebndjxm dfbnufne jx xqjdd lgsejnbdfbnufne" Fba qmese jx bgq fbz bgsk lgs qefhmjbn Ebndjxm jb ajllesebqfhfaekjh pdfhex" Jb xhmggdx qmese jx hussjhuduk jb f bgb xqfbafsalgsk$ fba jb hgddenex fba ubj|esxjqjex qmese jx bg lj}ea hussjhuduk" Xgqefhmesx jb xhmggdx lgddg~ f `jba gl hussjhuduk ~mjhm jx ~sjqqeb jb qmeqe}qcgg`x fba jq jx bgq uxelud" Fba qefhmesx ~mg qefhm jb hgddenex fba

ubj|esxjqjex uxe qmejs g~b ~fz gl qefhmjbn ~jqmguq selessjbn qg fbz hussjhuduk"Jb qme flnmfb hdfxxsggkx ~mfq jx pseagkjbfbqdz lguba jx qme uxe gl nsfkkfs qsfbxdfqjgb keqmga jb qme xqsuhqusfd fppsgfhm" ^mfqe|es fqefhmes agex jb qme hdfxxsggk jx nujaea cz qmexe q~g keqmgax" Fx fsexudq qme kfjb hfuxfdjqz jx defsbjbn"